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Inan Yuksel E, Cicek D, Demir B, Kocaman N, Calik I, Kuloglu T. Role of asprosin and meteorin-like peptide in progression of actinic keratosis to squamous cell carcinoma. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:61-68. [PMID: 38192243 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2024.2302016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) often develops from an underlying premalignant lesion. Factors that affect the progression of actinic keratosis (AK) to invasive SCC are not fully known. Asprosin (ASP) and meteorin-like peptide (METRNL) are adipokines that are involved primarily in glucose metabolism. We investigated the expression of ASP and METRNL in AK and SCC to evaluate the role of these adipokines in the development of SCC. We used 15 SCC specimens, 12 AK specimens and 12 healthy control skin specimens. ASP and METRNL protein expression in tumor and surrounding tissue was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. ASP expression in tumor tissue was significantly greater in the SCC group than in the control and AK groups, but it did not differ significantly between the AK and control groups. A positive correlation was observed for both ASP and METRNL expressions between tumor tissue and adjacent epidermis, hair follicles, sebaceous gland, eccrine gland, inflammatory cells and vascular structures. ASP and METRNL may exert pro-tumor effects toward development of invasive SCC. The expression intensity of ASP and METRNL can be used as a biomarker of risk of progression to SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Inan Yuksel
- Department of Dermatology, Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Demet Cicek
- Department of Dermatology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Betul Demir
- Department of Dermatology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Nevin Kocaman
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Calik
- Department of Pathology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Kuloglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
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2
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Wenzel B, Fritzsche SR, Toussaint M, Briel D, Kopka K, Brust P, Scheunemann M, Deuther-Conrad W. Radiosynthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of an 18F-Labeled Triazolopyridopyrazine-Based Inhibitor for Neuroimaging of the Phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101272. [PMID: 36297384 PMCID: PMC9609767 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 2A is an intracellular enzyme which hydrolyzes the secondary messengers cAMP and cGMP and therefore plays an important role in signaling cascades. A high expression in distinct brain areas as well as in cancer cells makes PDE2A an interesting therapeutic and diagnostic target for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases as well as for cancer. Aiming at specific imaging of this enzyme in the brain with positron emission tomography (PET), a new triazolopyridopyrazine-based derivative (11) was identified as a potent PDE2A inhibitor (IC50, PDE2A = 1.99 nM; IC50, PDE10A ~2000 nM) and has been radiofluorinated for biological evaluation. In vitro autoradiographic studies revealed that [18F]11 binds with high affinity and excellent specificity towards PDE2A in the rat brain. For the PDE2A-rich region nucleus caudate and putamen an apparent KD value of 0.24 nM and an apparent Bmax value of 16 pmol/mg protein were estimated. In vivo PET-MR studies in rats showed a moderate brain uptake of [18F]11 with a highest standardized uptake value (SUV) of 0.97. However, no considerable enrichment in PDE2A-specific regions in comparison to a reference region was detectable (SUVcaudate putamen = 0.51 vs. SUVcerebellum = 0.40 at 15 min p.i.). Furthermore, metabolism studies revealed a considerable uptake of radiometabolites of [18F]11 in the brain (66% parent fraction at 30 min p.i.). Altogether, despite the low specificity and the blood−brain barrier crossing of radiometabolites observed in vivo, [18F]11 is a valuable imaging probe for the in vitro investigation of PDE2A in the brain and has potential as a lead compound for further development of a PDE2A-specific PET ligand for neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wenzel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (W.D.-C.)
| | - Stefan R. Fritzsche
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Magali Toussaint
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlef Briel
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technical University Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Scheunemann
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (W.D.-C.)
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3
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Yan B, Ding Z, Zhang W, Cai G, Han H, Ma Y, Cao Y, Wang J, Chen S, Ai Y. Multiple PDE3A modulators act as molecular glues promoting PDE3A-SLFN12 interaction and induce SLFN12 dephosphorylation and cell death. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:958-969.e5. [PMID: 35104454 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The canonical function of phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) is to hydrolyze the phosphodiester bonds in second messenger molecules, such as cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Recently, a phosphodiesterase-activity-independent role for PDE3A was reported. In this noncanonical function, PDE3A physically interacts with Schlafen 12 (SLFN12) upon treatment of cells with cytotoxic PDE3A modulators. Here, we confirmed that the cytotoxic PDE3A modulators act as molecular glues to initiate the association of PDE3A and SLFN12. The PDE3A-SLFN12 interaction increases the protein stability of SLFN12 located in the cytoplasm, while at the same time also inducing SLFN12 dephosphorylation (including serines 368 and 573). Mutational analysis demonstrates that dephosphorylation is required for cell death induced by cytotoxic PDE3A modulators. Finally, we found that dephosphorylation promoted the rRNA RNase activity of SLFN12 and show that this nucleolytic activity is essential for SLFN12's cell-death-inducing function. Thus, our study deepens the understanding of the biochemical mechanisms underlying SLFN12-mediated cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China; National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangcheng Ding
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaihong Cai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Han
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - She Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Youwei Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.
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4
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An alkaloid initiates phosphodiesterase 3A-schlafen 12 dependent apoptosis without affecting the phosphodiesterase activity. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3236. [PMID: 32591543 PMCID: PMC7319972 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The promotion of apoptosis in tumor cells is a popular strategy for developing anti-cancer drugs. Here, we demonstrate that the plant indole alkaloid natural product nauclefine induces apoptosis of diverse cancer cells via a PDE3A-SLFN12 dependent death pathway. Nauclefine binds PDE3A but does not inhibit the PDE3A’s phosphodiesterase activity, thus representing a previously unknown type of PDE3A modulator that can initiate apoptosis without affecting PDE3A’s canonical function. We demonstrate that PDE3A’s H840, Q975, Q1001, and F1004 residues—as well as I105 in SLFN12—are essential for nauclefine-induced PDE3A-SLFN12 interaction and cell death. Extending these molecular insights, we show in vivo that nauclefine inhibits tumor xenograft growth, doing so in a PDE3A- and SLFN12-dependent manner. Thus, beyond demonstrating potent cytotoxic effects of an alkaloid natural product, our study illustrates a potentially side-effect-reducing strategy for targeting PDE3A for anti-cancer therapeutics without affecting its phosphodiesterase activity. PDE3A modulators for cancer therapy cause serious side effects as they inhibit PDE3A phosphodiesterase activity, which is essential for the maturation of oocytes and the formation of platelets. Here, the authors identify a compound, nauclefine, that does not inhibit PDE3A activity but induces apoptosis by enabling a complex formation between PDE3A and SLFN12.
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5
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Wu X, Schnitzler GR, Gao GF, Diamond B, Baker AR, Kaplan B, Williamson K, Westlake L, Lorrey S, Lewis TA, Garvie CW, Lange M, Hayat S, Seidel H, Doench J, Cherniack AD, Kopitz C, Meyerson M, Greulich H. Mechanistic insights into cancer cell killing through interaction of phosphodiesterase 3A and schlafen family member 12. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3431-3446. [PMID: 32005668 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic molecules can kill cancer cells by disrupting critical cellular processes or by inducing novel activities. 6-(4-(Diethylamino)-3-nitrophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one (DNMDP) is a small molecule that kills cancer cells by generation of novel activity. DNMDP induces complex formation between phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) and schlafen family member 12 (SLFN12) and specifically kills cancer cells expressing elevated levels of these two proteins. Here, we examined the characteristics and covariates of the cancer cell response to DNMDP. On average, the sensitivity of human cancer cell lines to DNMDP is correlated with PDE3A expression levels. However, DNMDP could also bind the related protein, PDE3B, and PDE3B supported DNMDP sensitivity in the absence of PDE3A expression. Although inhibition of PDE3A catalytic activity did not account for DNMDP sensitivity, we found that expression of the catalytic domain of PDE3A in cancer cells lacking PDE3A is sufficient to confer sensitivity to DNMDP, and substitutions in the PDE3A active site abolish compound binding. Moreover, a genome-wide CRISPR screen identified the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP), a co-chaperone protein, as required for response to DNMDP. We determined that AIP is also required for PDE3A-SLFN12 complex formation. Our results provide mechanistic insights into how DNMDP induces PDE3A-SLFN12 complex formation, thereby killing cancer cells with high levels of PDE3A and SLFN12 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wu
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | | | - Galen F Gao
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Brett Diamond
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Andrew R Baker
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Bethany Kaplan
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | | | | | - Selena Lorrey
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Timothy A Lewis
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Colin W Garvie
- Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Martin Lange
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sikander Hayat
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Seidel
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - John Doench
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Charlotte Kopitz
- Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
| | - Heidi Greulich
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.
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6
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Baillie GS, Tejeda GS, Kelly MP. Therapeutic targeting of 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: inhibition and beyond. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2019; 18:770-796. [PMID: 31388135 PMCID: PMC6773486 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-019-0033-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs), enzymes that degrade 3',5'-cyclic nucleotides, are being pursued as therapeutic targets for several diseases, including those affecting the nervous system, the cardiovascular system, fertility, immunity, cancer and metabolism. Clinical development programmes have focused exclusively on catalytic inhibition, which continues to be a strong focus of ongoing drug discovery efforts. However, emerging evidence supports novel strategies to therapeutically target PDE function, including enhancing catalytic activity, normalizing altered compartmentalization and modulating post-translational modifications, as well as the potential use of PDEs as disease biomarkers. Importantly, a more refined appreciation of the intramolecular mechanisms regulating PDE function and trafficking is emerging, making these pioneering drug discovery efforts tractable.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S Baillie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gonzalo S Tejeda
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michy P Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA.
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7
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Bharadwaj U, Eckols TK, Xu X, Kasembeli MM, Chen Y, Adachi M, Song Y, Mo Q, Lai SY, Tweardy DJ. Small-molecule inhibition of STAT3 in radioresistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26307-30. [PMID: 27027445 PMCID: PMC5041982 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While STAT3 has been validated as a target for treatment of many cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a STAT3 inhibitor is yet to enter the clinic. We used the scaffold of C188, a small-molecule STAT3 inhibitor previously identified by us, in a hit-to-lead program to identify C188-9. C188-9 binds to STAT3 with high affinity and represents a substantial improvement over C188 in its ability to inhibit STAT3 binding to its pY-peptide ligand, to inhibit cytokine-stimulated pSTAT3, to reduce constitutive pSTAT3 activity in multiple HNSCC cell lines, and to inhibit anchorage dependent and independent growth of these cells. In addition, treatment of nude mice bearing xenografts of UM-SCC-17B, a radioresistant HNSCC line, with C188-9, but not C188, prevented tumor xenograft growth. C188-9 treatment modulated many STAT3-regulated genes involved in oncogenesis and radioresistance, as well as radioresistance genes regulated by STAT1, due to its potent activity against STAT1, in addition to STAT3. C188-9 was well tolerated in mice, showed good oral bioavailability, and was concentrated in tumors. Thus, C188-9, either alone or in combination with radiotherapy, has potential for use in treating HNSCC tumors that demonstrate increased STAT3 and/or STAT1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddalak Bharadwaj
- Department of Infectious Disease, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - T Kris Eckols
- Department of Infectious Disease, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xuejun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Moses M Kasembeli
- Department of Infectious Disease, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Makoto Adachi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yongcheng Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen Y Lai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David J Tweardy
- Department of Infectious Disease, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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8
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Nazir M, Senkowski W, Nyberg F, Blom K, Edqvist PH, Jarvius M, Andersson C, Gustafsson MG, Nygren P, Larsson R, Fryknäs M. Targeting tumor cells based on Phosphodiesterase 3A expression. Exp Cell Res 2017; 361:308-315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Cartledge DM, Robbins KM, Drake KM, Sternberg R, Stabley DL, Gripp KW, Kolb EA, Sol-Church K, Napper AD. Cytotoxicity of Zardaverine in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma from a Costello Syndrome Patient. Front Oncol 2017; 7:42. [PMID: 28421158 PMCID: PMC5376947 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Costello syndrome (CS) patients suffer from a very high 10% incidence of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS). As tools to discover targeted therapeutic leads, we used a CS patient-derived ERMS cell line (CS242 ERMS) harboring a homozygous p.G12A mutation in HRAS, and a control cell line derived from the same patient comprising non-malignant CS242 fibroblasts with a heterozygous p.G12A HRAS mutation. A library of 2,000 compounds with known pharmacological activities was screened for their effect on CS242 ERMS cell viability. Follow-up testing in a panel of cell lines revealed that various compounds originally developed for other indications were remarkably selective; notably, the phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor zardaverine was at least 1,000-fold more potent in CS242 ERMS than in the patient-matched non-malignant CS242 fibroblasts, other ERMS, or normal fibroblasts. Chronic treatment with zardaverine led to the emergence of resistant cells, consistent with CS242 ERMS comprising a mixed population of cells. Many PDE inhibitors in addition to zardaverine were tested on CS242 ERMS, but almost all had no effect. Interestingly, zardaverine and analogs showed a similar cytotoxicity profile in CS242 ERMS and cervical carcinoma-derived HeLa cells, suggesting a mechanism of action common to both cell types that does not require the presence of an HRAS mutation (HeLa contains wild type HRAS). Two recent studies presented possible mechanistic explanations for the cytotoxicity of zardaverine in HeLa cells. One revealed that zardaverine inhibited a HeLa cell-based screen measuring glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation; however, using engineered HeLa cells, we ruled out a specific effect of zardaverine on signaling through the GR. The second attributed zardaverine toxicity in HeLa cells to promotion of the interaction of phosphodiesterase 3A and the growth regulatory protein Schlafen 12. We speculate that this work may provide a possible mechanism for zardaverine action in CS242 ERMS, although we have not yet tested this hypothesis. In conclusion, we have identified zardaverine as a potent cytotoxic agent in a CS-derived ERMS cell line and in HeLa. Although we have ruled out some possibilities, the mechanism of action of zardaverine in CS242 ERMS remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna M Cartledge
- High-Throughput Screening and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Katherine M Robbins
- Nemours Biomolecular Core Laboratory, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA.,Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Katherine M Drake
- High-Throughput Screening and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Rachel Sternberg
- High-Throughput Screening and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Deborah L Stabley
- Nemours Biomolecular Core Laboratory, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Karen W Gripp
- Division of Genetics, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - E Anders Kolb
- Nemours Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Katia Sol-Church
- Nemours Biomolecular Core Laboratory, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Andrew D Napper
- High-Throughput Screening and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
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10
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Grünmüller L, Thierauf J, Weissinger SE, Bergmann C, Bankfalvi A, Veit J, Hoffmann TK, Möller P, Lennerz JK. Biopanel identifies expression status of targetable proteins in sinonasal melanoma. Per Med 2016; 13:291-301. [PMID: 29749817 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2016-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced stage at presentation, lack of BRAF mutations and overall rarity pose unique challenges to the therapy and trial design in sinonasal melanoma. METHODS Here, we assessed the expression status of 12 proteins in two independent cohorts of sinonasal melanoma (n = 20). RESULTS Each case showed expression of at least one protein (KIT, TP53, MYC, HER2, EGFR, MET, VEGFR, BRAF V600E and/or MDM2), whereas lack of ALK, FLI1 and PDGFRα expression underscores differences to cutaneous melanoma. Comparison of marker frequencies to a metareview of the literature indicates that MYC, HER2, EGFR and MET had not been previously assessed. CONCLUSION Expression of at least one potentially targetable protein per case illustrates proteome pathway profiling as one starting point for marker stratified trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Thierauf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Agnes Bankfalvi
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Veit
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas K Hoffmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jochen K Lennerz
- Institute of Pathology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Identification of cancer-cytotoxic modulators of PDE3A by predictive chemogenomics. Nat Chem Biol 2015; 12:102-8. [PMID: 26656089 PMCID: PMC4718766 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
High cancer death rates indicate the need for new anticancer therapeutic agents. Approaches to discovering new cancer drugs include target-based drug discovery and phenotypic screening. Here, we identified phosphodiesterase 3A modulators as cell-selective cancer cytotoxic compounds through phenotypic compound library screening and target deconvolution by predictive chemogenomics. We found that sensitivity to 6-(4-(diethylamino)-3-nitrophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one, or DNMDP, across 766 cancer cell lines correlates with expression of the gene PDE3A, encoding phosphodiesterase 3A. Like DNMDP, a subset of known PDE3A inhibitors kill selected cancer cells, whereas others do not. Furthermore, PDE3A depletion leads to DNMDP resistance. We demonstrated that DNMDP binding to PDE3A promotes an interaction between PDE3A and Schlafen 12 (SLFN12), suggestive of a neomorphic activity. Coexpression of SLFN12 with PDE3A correlates with DNMDP sensitivity, whereas depletion of SLFN12 results in decreased DNMDP sensitivity. Our results implicate PDE3A modulators as candidate cancer therapeutic agents and demonstrate the power of predictive chemogenomics in small-molecule discovery.
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Aftab O, Engskog MKR, Haglöf J, Elmsjö A, Arvidsson T, Pettersson C, Hammerling U, Gustafsson MG. NMR spectroscopy-based metabolic profiling of drug-induced changes in vitro can discriminate between pharmacological classes. J Chem Inf Model 2014; 54:3251-8. [PMID: 25321343 DOI: 10.1021/ci500502f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced changes in mammalian cell line models have already been extensively profiled at the systemic mRNA level and subsequently used to suggest mechanisms of action for new substances, as well as to support drug repurposing, i.e., identifying new potential indications for drugs already licensed for other pharmacotherapy settings. The seminal work in this field, which includes a large database and computational algorithms for pattern matching, is known as the "Connectivity Map" (CMap). However, the potential of similar exercises at the metabolite level is still largely unexplored. Only recently, the first high-throughput metabolomic assay pilot study was published, which involved screening the metabolic response to a set of 56 kinase inhibitors in a 96-well format. Here, we report results from a separately developed metabolic profiling assay, which leverages (1)H NMR spectroscopy to the quantification of metabolic changes in the HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line, in response to each of 26 compounds. These agents are distributed across 12 different pharmacological classes covering a broad spectrum of bioactivity. Differential metabolic profiles, inferred from multivariate spectral analysis of 18 spectral bins, allowed clustering of the most-tested drugs, according to their respective pharmacological class. A more-advanced supervised analysis, involving one multivariate scattering matrix per pharmacological class and using only 3 spectral bins (3 metabolites), showed even more distinct pharmacology-related cluster formations. In conclusion, this type of relatively fast and inexpensive profiling seems to provide a promising alternative to that afforded by mRNA expression analysis, which is relatively slow and costly. As also indicated by the present pilot study, the resulting metabolic profiles do not seem to provide as information-rich signatures as those obtained using systemic mRNA profiling, but the methodology holds strong promise for significant refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obaid Aftab
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Pharmacology and Computational Medicine, Uppsala University , Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
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Yuryev A. In silico pathway analysis: the final frontier towards completely rational drug design. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 3:867-76. [PMID: 23484964 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.3.8.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pathway and network analyses are rapidly becoming the mainstream tools for functional interpretation of high-throughput data and for drug discovery. Current scientific literature has plenty of examples on how pathway analysis tools are used across all steps of drug development pipeline. Pathway and network analyses already enable rational selection of drug targets based on the knowledge about disease biology. Pathway analysis tools are also popular for the analysis of drug action and validation of drug efficacy and toxicity. This article overviews current achievements of pathway analysis and suggests future directions for its application in drug development such as rational design of combinatorial therapy and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Yuryev
- Ariadne Genomics, Inc., Application Science Department, 9430 Key West avenue, Suite 113, Rockville, MD 20850, USA +1 240 453 6296, ext. 213 ; +1 270 912 6658 ;
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Schönrath K, Pan W, Klein-Szanto AJ, Braunewell KH. Involvement of VILIP-1 (visinin-like protein) and opposite roles of cyclic AMP and GMP signaling in in vitro cell migration of murine skin squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2010; 50:319-33. [PMID: 21480386 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
VILIP-1 (visinin-like protein 1) is downregulated in various human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In a mouse skin SCC model VILIP-1 expression is reduced in aggressive tumor cells, accompanied by reduced cAMP levels. Overexpression of VILIP-1 in aggressive SCC cells led to enhanced cAMP production, in turn causing a reduction in invasive properties. Moreover, in primary neurons and neuronal tumor lines VILIP-1 enhanced cGMP signaling. Here, we set out to determine whether and how cAMP and cGMP signaling contribute to the VILIP-1 effect on enhanced SCC model cell migration, and thus most likely invasiveness in vivo. We found stronger increase in cGMP levels in aggressive, VILIP-1-negative SCC cells following stimulation of guanylyl cyclases NPR-A and -B with the natriuretic peptides ANP and CNP, respectively. Incubation with ANP or 8Br-cGMP to increase cGMP levels further enhanced the migration capacity of aggressive cells, whereas cell adhesion was unaffected. Increased cGMP was caused by elevated expression levels of NPR-A and -B. However, the expression level of VILIP-1 did not affect cGMP signaling and guanylyl cyclase expression in SCC. In contrast, VILIP-1 led to reduced migration of aggressive SCC cells depending on cAMP levels as shown by use of adenylyl cyclase (AC) inhibitor 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine. Involvement of cAMP-effectors PKA and EPAC play a role downstream of AC activation. VILIP-1-positive and -negative cells did not differ in mRNA expression of ACs, but an effect on enhanced protein expression and membrane localization of ACs was shown to underlie enhancement of cAMP production and, thus, reduction in cell migration by VILIP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Schönrath
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Institute for Neurophysiology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Gasparri F. An overview of cell phenotypes in HCS: limitations and advantages. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2009; 4:643-57. [DOI: 10.1517/17460440902992870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase profiling reveals increased expression of phosphodiesterase 7B in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:19532-7. [PMID: 19033455 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0806152105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoforms can influence disease pathogenesis and be novel therapeutic targets. Because lower cAMP levels may contribute to the decreased apoptosis that occurs in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we assessed the expression levels of PDE isoforms in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy adults and patients with CLL. We found a unique PDE mRNA signature in CLL: higher levels than in normal PBMC of PDE7B (increased approximately 23-fold) and lower levels of PDE3B, 4D, 5A, and 9A mRNA (each decreased approximately 30-fold). Increased PDE7B mRNA in CLL correlates with a 10-fold-higher expression of PDE7B protein and results in an increased contribution of PDE7 to total PDE activity. Consistent with the higher level of PDE7B expression, inhibitors of PDE7 (BRL-50481, IR-202) and a dual PDE4/PDE7 inhibitor (IR-284) selectively increase apoptosis in CLL cells compared with normal PBMC or B cells. Apoptosis of CLL cells promoted by inhibitors of PDE7 and PDE4/7 is attenuated by PKA inhibition, occurs via a mitochondrial-dependent process, and is associated with increased cAMP accumulation and down-regulation of the antiapoptotic protein survivin and of PDE7B. The increase in PDE7B expression and PDE7 inhibitor-promoted apoptosis implicates PDE7B as a drug target in CLL. Our findings identify a unique PDE signature in CLL and illustrate the utility of broad analyses of PDE isoform expression in human disease.
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Titus SA, Li X, Southall N, Lu J, Inglese J, Brasch M, Austin CP, Zheng W. A cell-based PDE4 assay in 1536-well plate format for high-throughput screening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 13:609-18. [PMID: 18591513 DOI: 10.1177/1087057108319977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are intracellular enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of 3,'5'-cyclic nucleotides, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), to their corresponding 5'nucleotide monophosphates. These enzymes play an important role in controlling cellular concentrations of cyclic nucleotides and thus regulate a variety of cellular signaling events. PDEs are emerging as drug targets for several diseases, including asthma, cardiovascular disease, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Although biochemical assays with purified recombinant PDE enzymes and cAMP or cGMP substrate are commonly used for compound screening, cell-based assays would provide a better assessment of compound activity in a more physiological context. The authors report the development and validation of a new cell-based PDE4 assay using a constitutively active G-protein-coupled receptor as a driving force for cAMP production and a cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel as a biosensor in 1536-well plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Titus
- NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3370, USA
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