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Sugiyama Y, Kawarai S, Ansai S, Bist P, Abraham SN, Maruo T. Cutaneous anaphylactoid reaction to polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil in dogs. Vet Dermatol 2024; 35:263-272. [PMID: 38111025 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (HCO ethoxylates) is a nonionic surfactant used as an excipient for ointments and injections in human and veterinary drugs. Several polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives can be obtained depending on the number of moles of ethylene oxide (EO). HCO ethoxylates have the potential to cause anaphylactoid reactions. There is little published information about these types of reactions in dogs. OBJECTIVE To determine the potential for HCO-ethoxylate-containing drugs to cause anaphylactoid reactions in dogs, employing intradermal testing (IDT) with various concentrations of HCO ethoxylates (HCO-25, -40, -60 and -80). ANIMALS Four healthy male laboratory dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed IDT with drugs containing HCO ethoxylates and HCO ethoxylates alone to determine threshold concentrations. The IDT scores and threshold concentrations were compared. Analysis of skin biopsies from IDT sites was used to measure the percentage of degranulated mast cells. The effect of histamine at IDT sites was investigated by pre-treatment with an antihistamine. RESULTS All HCO-ethoxylate-containing drugs caused a wheal-and-flare reaction. The threshold concentrations (0.001% and 0.00001%) of each HCO-ethoxylate depended on the number of moles of EO (p < 0.05). Mast cell degranulation was enhanced by all HCO ethoxylates. The HCO-60-induced reaction was suppressed by an oral antihistamine. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The threshold concentration can serve as a consideration for developing safe new drug formulations and for clinical decision-making around using drugs containing PEG derivatives. IDT is useful to predict the risk of adverse effects. Antihistamines could demonstrate a prophylactic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukina Sugiyama
- Laboratory of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Sugiyama Veterinary Clinic, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shinpei Kawarai
- Laboratory of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Ansai
- Division of Dermatology and Dermatopathology, Nippon Medical School, Musashi Kosugi Hospital, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Pradeep Bist
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Soman N Abraham
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Takuya Maruo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Yazicioglu O, Ucuncu MK, Guven K. Ingredients in Commercially Available Mouthwashes. Int Dent J 2024; 74:223-241. [PMID: 37709645 PMCID: PMC10988267 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mouthwashes, a cornerstone of oral and dental hygiene, play a pivotal role in combating the formation of dental plaque, a leading cause of periodontal disease and dental caries. This study aimed to review the composition of mouthwashes found on retail shelves in Turkey and evaluate their prevalence and side effects, if any. METHODS The mouthwashes examined were sourced from the 5 largest chain stores in each district of Istanbul. A comprehensive list of the constituents was meticulously recorded. The research was supported by an extensive compilation of references from scholarly databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Through rigorous analysis, the relative proportions of mouthwash ingredients and components were determined. RESULTS A total of 45 distinctive variations of mouthwashes, representing 17 prominent brands, were identified. Amongst the 116 ingredients discovered, 70 were evaluated for potential adverse effects and undesirable side effects. The aroma of the mouthwash (n = 45; 100%), as welll as their sodium fluoride (n = 28; 62.22%), sodium saccharin (n = 29; 64.44%), sorbitol (n = 21; 46.6%), and propylene glycol (n = 28; 62.22%) content were the main undesireable features. CONCLUSIONS The limited array of mouthwashes found on store shelves poses a concern for both oral and public health. Furthermore, the intricate composition of these products, consisting of numerous ingredients with the potential for adverse effects, warrants serious attention. Both clinicians and patients should acknowledge the importance and unwarranted side effects of the compnents of the mouthwashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Yazicioglu
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Musa Kazim Ucuncu
- Altinbas University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Yaowiwat N, Poomanee W, Leelapornpisid P, Chaiwut P. Utilization of Emulsion Inversion to Fabricate Tea ( Camellia sinensis L.) Flower Extract Obtained by Supercritical Fluid Extraction-Loaded Nanoemulsions. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28090-28097. [PMID: 37576676 PMCID: PMC10413370 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to obtain tea flower extract (TFE) using supercritical fluid extraction, to determine the compounds present in the TFE and to establish its antioxidant activity. The fabrication of TFE nanoemulsions was also investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and UHPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS analysis showed that the TFE was composed of catechin and its derivatives, flavonols and anthocyanins, suggesting its potential as a free radical scavenger with strong reducing powers. A central composite design was applied to optimize the independent factors of the nanoemulsions. The factors had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on all response variables. The optimum level of factors for the fabrication was a surfactant-to-oil ratio of 2:1, a high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) surfactant to low HLB surfactant ratio (HLR) of 1.6:1, and a PEG-40/PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil ratio of 2:1. The responses obtained from the optimum levels were a 34.01 nm droplet size, a polydispersity index of 0.15, and 75.85% entrapment efficiency. In conclusion, TFE could be an antioxidant active ingredient and has been successfully loaded into nanoemulsions using RSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Yaowiwat
- School
of Cosmetic Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Green
Cosmetic Technology Research Group, School of Cosmetic Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Worrapan Poomanee
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pimporn Leelapornpisid
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang
Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Phanuphong Chaiwut
- School
of Cosmetic Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- Green
Cosmetic Technology Research Group, School of Cosmetic Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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Abd El Wahab LM, Essa EA, El Maghraby GM, Arafa MF. The Development and Evaluation of Phase Transition Microemulsion for Ocular Delivery of Acetazolamide for Glaucoma Treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 24:1. [PMID: 36417044 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop microemulsion (ME) formulation with possible phase transition into liquid crystals upon ocular application to enhance acetazolamide bioavailability. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed using olive oil or castor oil (oily phase), Tween 80 (surfactant), and sodium carbonate solution (aqueous phase). Microemulsion and liquid crystal (LC) formulations were selected from the constructed phase diagrams and were evaluated for rheological properties and in vitro drug release. The efficacy of the developed formulations in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) was assessed in vivo. In vitro release study showed slower release rate from LC and ME compared with drug solution with the release from LC being the slowest. Ocular application of acetazolamide ME formulations or aqueous solution resulted in significant reduction in IOP from baseline. The recorded Tmax values indicated faster onset of action for acetazolamide aqueous solution (1 h) compared with ME systems (3 h). However, the duration of action was prolonged and the reduction in IOP continued for up to 10 h in case of MEs, while that of aqueous solution was only for 4-5 h. The study suggested ME formulations for ocular delivery of acetazolamide with enhanced efficacy and prolonged duration of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna M Abd El Wahab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ebtessam A Essa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Gamal M El Maghraby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mona F Arafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt.
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Radzki D, Wilhelm-Węglarz M, Pruska K, Kusiak A, Ordyniec-Kwaśnica I. A Fresh Look at Mouthwashes-What Is Inside and What Is It For? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073926. [PMID: 35409608 PMCID: PMC8997378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mouthwashes are a very popular additional oral hygiene element and there are plenty of individual products, whose compositions are in a state of flux. The aim of our study was to investigate the compositions of mouthwashes and their functions, as well as to discuss their effectiveness in preventing and curing oral diseases and side effects. We searched for mouthwashes available on the market in Poland. We identified 241 individual mouthwash products. The extraction of compositions was performed and functions of the ingredients were assessed. Then, analysis was performed. The evaluation revealed that there are plenty of ingredients, but a typical mouthwash is a water–glycerine mixture and consists of additional sweetener, surfactant, preservative, and some colourant and flavouring agent, as well as usually having two oral health substances, anticaries sodium fluoride and antimicrobial essential oils. The effectiveness or side effects of several substances of mouthwashes were thoroughly discussed. We recommend not multiplying individual mouthwash products and their ingredients beyond medical or pharmaceutical necessity, especially without scientific proof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Radzki
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-208 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Division of Molecular Bacteriology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Experimental Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-349-1667
| | - Marta Wilhelm-Węglarz
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-208 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.W.-W.); (I.O.-K.)
| | - Katarzyna Pruska
- Division of Molecular Bacteriology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Experimental Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Aida Kusiak
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-208 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Iwona Ordyniec-Kwaśnica
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-208 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.W.-W.); (I.O.-K.)
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Fiume MM, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Gill LJ, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of PEGylated Alkyl Glycerides as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2021; 39:26S-58S. [PMID: 32975154 DOI: 10.1177/1091581820951557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of 60 PEGylated alkyl glycerides. PEGylated alkyl glycerides are mono-, di-, and/or triglycerides that have been modified with ethylene glycol repeat units (in the starting material form as epoxide). Most of the PEGylated alkyl glycerides are reported to function as skin-conditioning agents or surfactants. The Panel reviewed the available animal and clinical data as well as data from the 1999 report for the 5 polyethylene glycol (PEG) glyceryl cocoates and the 2012 report of PEGylated oils, to determine the safety of these ingredients. The Panel concluded these ingredients are safe in the current practices of use and concentration when formulated to be nonirritating; this conclusion supersedes the 1999 conclusion issued on 5 PEG glyceryl cocoate ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monice M Fiume
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Senior Director, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Wilma F Bergfeld
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Donald V Belsito
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Curtis D Klaassen
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daniel C Liebler
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas J Slaga
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paul W Snyder
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Member, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lillian J Gill
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review Former Director, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bart Heldreth
- Executive Director, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, Washington, DC, USA
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Rivero MN, Lenze M, Izaguirre M, Pérez Damonte SH, Aguilar A, Wikinski S, Gutiérrez ML. Comparison between HET-CAM protocols and a product use clinical study for eye irritation evaluation of personal care products including cosmetics according to their surfactant composition. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112229. [PMID: 33887397 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The hen's egg test on chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM) is one of the most frequently used alternative tests for prediction of ocular irritation of cosmetic products. There are different HET-CAM protocols widely accepted, but there is no information about which of the protocols better correlates with the results obtained in product use clinical study under the conditions of use. Two Fix Time Methods (FTM) -Lüepke and the ICCVAM guideline - and two Reaction Time Methods (RTM) -ECVAM DBALM Prot. No. 47 and No. 96- were employed to test 18 cosmetic products. Simultaneously, they were evaluated by an ophthalmological clinical test. A unified classification system was used, and products were classified into four irritation levels: non-irritant, weak, moderate and severe irritant. The duration of use (rinse-off or leave-on), and the concentration and type of surfactants were taken into account in the analysis. All the products that were classified as non-irritant by any HET-CAM protocols were also safe in the product use clinical study. The product that was found to be non-safe in the product use clinical evaluation was also unsuitable by most of the HET-CAM protocols. These results were employed to develop an algorithm that allows selecting the appropriate HET-CAM protocol for each type of product to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariela Lenze
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Izaguirre
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | | | | | - Silvia Wikinski
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - María Laura Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Farmacología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina.
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8
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Rodriguez KJ, Cunningham C, Foxenberg R, Hoffman D, Vongsa R. The science behind wet wipes for infant skin: Ingredient review, safety, and efficacy. Pediatr Dermatol 2020; 37:447-454. [PMID: 32065466 PMCID: PMC7383888 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the diapered area, the continuous exposure to excess moisture and irritants from urine and feces weakens the stratum corneum, making the skin more susceptible to irritation. The use of wet wipes for infants (baby wipes) is a common practice to clean skin after urine or a bowel movement, and this practice even extends to cleaning the hands and face, resulting in repeated daily use. Therefore, ensuring that baby wipes contain ingredients that are safe and mild on skin is important to help minimize skin irritation and discomfort. While disposable baby wipes have been shown to be effective and gentle at cleaning infant skin, even the skin of premature infants, there is growing public concern regarding their safety and tolerability. Not all products are made the same, as differences exist in manufacturing processes, ingredients, materials, safety, and quality testing. Therefore, it is important that healthcare professionals have accessible evidenced-based information on the safety and tolerability of common ingredients found in baby wipes to optimally educate their patients and families. Herein, we provide a review on best practices for ingredient selection, safety, and efficacy of baby wipes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rebecca Vongsa
- Formerly with Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Neenah, Wisconsin
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9
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Hatahet T, Morille M, Hommoss A, Devoisselle J, Müller R, Bégu S. Liposomes, lipid nanocapsules and smartCrystals®: A comparative study for an effective quercetin delivery to the skin. Int J Pharm 2018; 542:176-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Generalizing the Concept of Specific Compound Formulation Additives towards Non-Fluorescent Drugs: A Solubilization Study on Potential Anti-Alzheimer-Active Small-Molecule Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:8752-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Lawatscheck C, Pickhardt M, Wieczorek S, Grafmüller A, Mandelkow E, Börner HG. Erweiterung des Konzeptes spezifischer Wirkstoff-Formulierungsadditive auf nichtfluoreszierende Wirkstoffe: eine Studie zur Solubilisierung potenzieller Anti-Alzheimer-Wirkstoffe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Lawatscheck
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Institut für Chemie; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Marcus Pickhardt
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE); Forschungszentrum CAESAR; Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2 53175 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Wieczorek
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Institut für Chemie; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Andrea Grafmüller
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kolloide und Grenzflächen; Abteilung Theorie & Bio-Systeme; Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Deutschland
| | - Eckhard Mandelkow
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE); Forschungszentrum CAESAR; Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2 53175 Bonn Deutschland
- Max-Planck-Institut für Stoffwechselforschung; Außenstation Hamburg, c/o DESY; Hamburg Deutschland
| | - Hans G. Börner
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Institut für Chemie; Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
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