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González-Gálvez N, López-Gil JF, Espeso-Garcia A, Abenza-Cano L, Mateo-Orcajada A, Vaquero-Cristóbal R. Effectiveness of high intensity and sprint interval training on metabolic biomarkers, body composition, and physical fitness in adolescents: randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1425191. [PMID: 39157534 PMCID: PMC11328537 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1425191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HIIT and SIT programmes on body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, cardiorespiratory fitness, and strength of adolescents and to compare the effect between those different protocols. Methods Sixty adolescents were recruited from a high school and were randomly placed into three groups. SIT and HIIT undertook a training for 8 weeks, twice a week, for 12 min per session, during their Physical Education lessons. SIT group performed 6 sets of 60 s of work (90-95%HRmax) / 60 s of rest (50-55%HRmax), and HIIT group performed 3 sets of 2 min of work (80-85%HRmax) / 2 min of rest (50-55%HRmax). Results After adjustment by sex, both experimental groups exhibited a significant reduction in fat mass (p < 0.01), and trunk fat mass (p < 0.01), as well as a significant increase in lean mass (p = 0.01; <0.01), hand-grip strength (p < 0.01) and standing long jump (p = 0.05-0.04, respectively). In addition, HIIT showed a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and VO2max, and a tendency toward a significant reduction in low density lipoprotein. Conclusion The implementation of a HIIT protocol within high school Physical Education sessions, maintained for 8 weeks, at a rate of 3 sets of 2 min of work (80-85% RHR)/2 min of rest (50-55% RHR) generated adaptations such as improved fitness condition, changes in body composition, and improvements in blood parameters and blood pressure. However, the group of adolescents who performed SIT, shorter but more intense sets, did not experience as many benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucia Abenza-Cano
- Facultad del Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Research Group Movement Sciences and Sport (MS&SPORT), Department of Physical Activity and Sport, University of Murcia, San Javier, Spain
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Akgöz AD, Gözüm S. Effects of the Omaha System- and HeartScore®-Based Impaired-Risk Perception Reduction Program on the Risk Perception of Individuals Aged 50-65 Years: A One-Group Pre-Test-Post-Test Study. Am J Health Promot 2024; 38:825-838. [PMID: 38384170 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241235733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluates the impact of interventions in the Omaha System and HeartScore®-based program to reduce impaired-risk perception. DESIGN and setting: This study utilized a one-group pre-test-post-test design. SUBJECTS The program was conducted among participants aged over 50 years from different social settings. INTERVENTION The program had three parts: a briefing on HeartScore® recommendations, Omaha System interventions, and referral to a doctor. MEASURES HeartScore® determined cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, body mass index (BMI) was calculated from height and weight, and the International PA Questionnaire evaluated physical activity (PA) levels. Self-assessment was used to perceived CVD risk, BMI, and PA. ANALYSIS We used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare the pre-test and post-test scores of the Omaha System, the problem rating scale (PRS) subscales and McNemar test to measure changes in CVD risk perception, BMI, and PA level. RESULTS 310 high-risk individuals out of 522 had impaired perception of their CVD risk. Only 201 responded to follow-up phone calls. Interventions based on HeartScore® and Omaha System improved CVD risk and PA perceptions (P < .001) but not BMI. The program significantly increased knowledge, status, and behavior scores (P < .001). After participating, 39% saw a cardiologist, and 57.2% saw a family physician within six months to reduce impaired risk perception. CVD risk perception increased to the actual level after the intervention, mostly in the group with low education level. CONCLUSIONS The program using the Omaha System and HeartScore® can help middle-aged individuals better understand their risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Dağıstan Akgöz
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Sebahat Gözüm
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Arriaga-Cázares HE, Vega-Morales D, Moreno-Treviño CA, Juarez-Juarez JL, Pérez-Arizmendi CA, Martagón-Rosado AJ. Comparison of Two Strategies for Hypercholesterolemia Detection through Point-of-Care Testing. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:143. [PMID: 38248020 PMCID: PMC10814133 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood dyslipidemia is a common condition that can lead to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in adulthood. It is usually multifactorial. Screening for cholesterol disorders in children varies based on risk factors, with some guidelines recommending cascade screening for children with a clear family history of familial hypercholesterolemia, targeted screening for those with specific risk factors, and universal screening. Point-of-care testing (POCT) cholesterol tests offer potential advantages, including ease of use, portability, increased patient access, low cost, fewer medical or laboratory visits, and instant results. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of POCT cholesterol screening on the diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia in children in a family practice setting. METHODS We used a POCT cholesterol analyzer to perform two different (universal and targeted) screening approaches for dyslipidemia in children. We used the NCEP guidelines for the classification of the results. RESULTS We screened 183 children, 105 in the universal screening group and 78 in the targeted screening group. Eight patients in the targeted screening group had elevated cholesterol levels (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS All participants received instant feedback and recommendations. Using a targeted screening approach, POCT could be a practical and effective tool for identifying at-risk children with hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Eliud Arriaga-Cázares
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital de Traumatología y Ortopedia N.º 21, Monterrey 64000, Mexico
- Escuela de Medicina, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - David Vega-Morales
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital General de Zona 17, Monterrey 64420, Mexico;
| | - Carlos Alberto Moreno-Treviño
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 26, Monterrey 64117, Mexico; (C.A.M.-T.); (C.A.P.-A.)
| | - Juana Lorena Juarez-Juarez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 26, Monterrey 64117, Mexico; (C.A.M.-T.); (C.A.P.-A.)
| | - Carlos Azael Pérez-Arizmendi
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 26, Monterrey 64117, Mexico; (C.A.M.-T.); (C.A.P.-A.)
| | - Alexandro J. Martagón-Rosado
- Escuela de Medicina, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Institute for Obesity Research, Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
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Gözüm S, Dağıstan Akgöz A. Community-Dwelling Adults' Perceived Versus Actual Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity Levels and Related Factors. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2023; 29:E263-E272. [PMID: 37498516 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The difference between actual and perceived risk levels shows distorted risk perception. Unrealistic perceptions of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks and insufficient knowledge about CVD risk factors can not only hinder the adoption of a positive lifestyle change but also obstruct preventive efforts. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the concordance between perceived and actual risks, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity levels. DESIGN This descriptive study included 522 community-dwelling adults in 2 different regions of Antalya/Turkey. The actual CVD risk level of the participants was determined using the "HeartScore program," actual body weight was determined according to BMI, and actual activity levels were found using the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF)." The perceived risks were measured with the CVD Risk and Risk Factors Perception Determination Questionnaire. CVD Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRF-KL) Scale was used to calculate the participants' level of knowledge about the risk factors. RESULTS There was no concordance between the participants' actual and perceived CVD risks. A below-average agreement was found between the participants' actual and perceived BMI levels. In terms of actual measurements, it was seen that slightly obese individuals have a realistic perception. There was a weak agreement between the actual and perceived physical activity levels of the adults. Knowledge about the CVD risk factors of adults does not affect the perception of CVD risk and BMI and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Adults have an optimistic risk perception regarding CVD risk, BMI, and physical activity levels. It may be beneficial to periodically assess actual risks to change skewed perceptions of CVD and risk factors. These findings will inform the development of tailored intervention strategies and policies for these adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Gözüm
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Doughty J, M Gallier S, Paisi M, Witton R, J Daley A. Opportunistic health screening for cardiovascular and diabetes risk factors in primary care dental practices: experiences from a service evaluation and a call to action. Br Dent J 2023; 235:727-733. [PMID: 37945870 PMCID: PMC10635822 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-023-6449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Substantial evidence has established associations between oral health and chronic diseases, mediated by common risk factors and inflammatory processes. Dental professionals are aptly positioned to screen for cardiovascular disease and diabetes high-risk indicators. This article presents a service evaluation of two dental practices delivering health screening in dental practice, and a call to action for the wider profession.Methods Following training, two general dental practices implemented a suite of health screens, including blood pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio. A service evaluation was undertaken to review and improve service provision.Results Most patients (78.4%) had blood pressure values above normal range. More than half (55.8%) were outside of the healthy range for BMI. Out-of-range results for cholesterol were observed in less than one-fifth (16.7%). High blood glucose values were observed for few patients (3.3%).Conclusion Dental professionals can be successfully trained to deliver health screening interventions. Out-of-range health screening results offer an opportunity to provide targeted health advice for both the oral and general health. Clear protocols and careful interpretation of screening tests are required to minimise patients' confusion. More robust alliances between dental and general medical care are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Doughty
- NIHR Clinical Lecturer in General Dental Practice, School of Dentistry, Royal Liverpool University Dental Hospital, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Simon M Gallier
- Future Health Partnership, Suite 11, 103-105 Harley Street, London, UK
| | - Martha Paisi
- Research Lead (Peninsula Dental Social Enterprise) and Senior Research Fellow in Public Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Robert Witton
- Professor of Community Dentistry, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Amanda J Daley
- Professor of Behavioural Medicine, Centre for Lifestyle Medicine and Behaviour (CLiMB), The School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, UK
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TOPUZ İ, GÖZÜM S. 40-65 Yaş Erkeklerin Gerçek ve Algıladıkları Kardiyovasküler Hastalık Risklerinin Karşılaştırılması: Bir Kesitsel Çalışma. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.984039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine the actual cardiovascular diseases risk and to compare it with the perceived risk in 40-65 years old men.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in a population determined to be 21.039 men and sample consisted of 400 men. The actual cardiovascular diseases risks of these respondents were calculated using HeartScore, classified as low, moderate, high, or very high. The respondents’ perception of their cardiovascular disease’s risks was categorized as wrong optimists/pessimists and realists. We used multivariate logistic regression models to determine the relationships between perceived cardiovascular diseases risk and independent variables (age, diabetes, hypertension, etc.). Required ethics committee and institutional permissions were obtained for the duly conduct of the study.
Results: It was determined in our study that while 8.3% (n=33) of the men had a high-risk level for cardiovascular disease, 52.5% (n=210) had a very high level. Forty-eight percent of the participants perceive their CVD risks to be lower than they are and 23.8% to perceive it higher than they are. Correct estimation rate of CVD risk was 28.2%. The variables affecting the actual cardiovascular diseases risk were diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and level of physical activity. 13.3% (n=53) of respondents perceived their cardiovascular diseases risks as high and 8% (n=32) as very high. The variables affecting an incorrect perceived cardiovascular diseases risk are being 61-65 years of age (odds ratio=0.34, 95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.73) and a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (odds ratio=0.45, 95% confidence interval: 0.20-0.99).
Conclusion: We observed that more than half of the residents were at a very high level of risk for cardiovascular disease, and approximately one out of every two respondents perceived their risk of cardiovascular disease to be lower than the actual risk. It is recommended risk reducing behaviors be developed and awareness of risk be raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim TOPUZ
- Kütahya Health Sciences University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Sebahat GÖZÜM
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Nursing, Antalya, Turkey
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Gaibor-Santos I, Garay J, Esmeral-Ordoñez DA, Rueda-García D, Cohen DD, Camacho PA, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Evaluation of cardiometabolic profile in Health Professionals of Latin America. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2021; 33:175-183. [PMID: 33622610 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate presence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in a group of health care workers. METHODS During the X Latin American Congress of Internal Medicine held in August 2017, in Cartagena, Colombia, attendees were invited to participate in the study that included a survey on medical, pharmacological and family history, lifestyle habits, blood pressure measurement, anthropometry, muscle strength and laboratory studies. The INTERHEART and FINDRISC scales were used to calculate the risk of CVD and diabetes, respectively. RESULTS Among 186 participants with an average age of 37.9 years, 94% physicians (52.7% specialists), the prevalence of hypertension was 20.4%, overweight 40.3%, obesity 19.9%, and dyslipidemia 67.3%. 20.9% were current smokers or had smoked, and 60.8% were sedentary. Hypertensive patients were found to be older, had higher Body Mass Index (BMI), higher waist circumference, higher waist-to-hip ratio, higher of body fat and visceral fat, smoked more and had lower muscle strength (high jump: 0.38 vs. 0.42̊cm; p̊=̊0.01). In 44.3% of participants was observed a high-risk score for CVD. The prevalence of diabetes was 6.59% and 27.7% were at risk. CONCLUSION The prevalence of risk factors for CVD among the Latin American physicians studied was similar to that reported in the general population. The prevalence of high-risk scores for CVD and DM2 was high and healthy lifestyle habits were low. It is necessary to improve adherence to healthy lifestyles among these physicians in charge of controlling these factors in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivetteh Gaibor-Santos
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Jennifer Garay
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Daniela A Esmeral-Ordoñez
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Diana Rueda-García
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Daniel D Cohen
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia; Instituto MASIRA, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Paul A Camacho
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga (UNAB), Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Dirección de Investigaciones, Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia; Instituto MASIRA, Universidad de Santander (UDES), Bucaramanga, Colombia; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador.
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Grant D, Tomlinson D, Tsintzas K, Kolić P, Onambele-Pearson GL. The Effects of Displacing Sedentary Behavior With Two Distinct Patterns of Light Activity on Health Outcomes in Older Adults (Implications for COVID-19 Quarantine). Front Physiol 2021; 11:574595. [PMID: 33424618 PMCID: PMC7793876 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.574595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The COVID-19 pandemic is limiting outdoor and community-based activities, especially for older adults owing to the requirement for self-isolation, potentially increasing prolonged sedentary behavior (SB). Given a poor tolerance for intense exercise, SB displacement with light intensity physical activity (LIPA) is a promising health enhancing alternative. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the effects of two different types of SB displacement on health outcomes in older adults and any differential impact of associated LIPA pattern. Method: 28 older women (age: 73 ± 5 years, height: 1.60 ± 0.07 m, weight: 67 ± 10 kg, and BMI: 26.1 ± 3.6 kg/m2) underwent overnight fasted dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) imaging, blood sampling, and functional assessments before being randomly allocated to one of two groups: (1) single continuous bout of 45–50 min LIPA daily (n = 14); or (2) SB fragmentation (SBF; ~48 min LIPA daily, 2 min LIPA for every 30 min of SB; n = 14). Compliance was systematically monitored using tri-axial accelerometery. All measures were taken at weeks 0 and 8. Results: Physical behavior significantly altered (decreased SB/increased LIPA; p < 0.05) and to a similar extent in both groups. We observed a significant reduction in serum triglycerides [p = 0.045, effect size (ɳp2) = 0.15; SBF: −0.26 ± 0.77 mmol/L, LIPA: −0.26 ± 0.51 mmol/L], improved 30 s sit-to-stand (STS) count (p = 0.002, ɳp2 = 0.32, 2 ± 3 STS) and speed (p = 0.009, ɳp2 = 0.35, −10 ± 33%), as well as increased average handgrip strength (p = 0.001, ɳp2 = 0.45, 6 ± 12%), and gait speed (p = 0.005, ɳp2 = 0.27, 0.09 ± 0.16 m/s) in both groups. Interestingly, SBF caused a greater increase in peak handgrip strength (8 ± 14%), compared to LIPA (2 ± 10%; p = 0.04, ɳp2 = 0.38). Conclusion: SB displacement induced significant improvements in fasting triglycerides, gait speed, as-well as STS endurance/speed in older women. Frequent vs. continuous SB displacement also caused greater increases in handgrip strength. While both SB displacement protocols display promise as efficacious home-based interventions for self-isolating older adults, our results would suggest a physical functioning advantage of the SBF protocol for certain outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Grant
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David Tomlinson
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Tsintzas
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Kolić
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gladys Leopoldine Onambele-Pearson
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Cho MJ, Bunsawat K, Kim HJ, Yoon ES, Jae SY. The acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with stair climbing on vascular and metabolic function after a high-fat meal. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:829-839. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Amorim HED, Santos GM, Mochizuki L, Pappas E, Silva VL, Parizotto P, Silveira CBD. How does completing an Ironman triathlon affect postural control? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e70430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Despite the increase in the number of Ironman competitions worldwide, thousands of athletes have been joining Ironman experience but only a few studies have been published on the effects of this competition on postural control. This study aims to investigate the ability to maintain a static posture in three different positions before and after an Ironman competition and the blood glucose level behavior. Forty-nine volunteers underwent balance evaluation using the force plate VSRTM Sport. The area of the center of gravity (ACOG) was assessed pre- and post-competition in the bipodal, unipodal, and tandem postures. Glucose levels were also assessed concurrently. The ACOG findings showed a significant post-competition increase in the three postures assessed, with no significant interaction between the postures. The glucose test showed an increase in the post-competition glycemic levels. The findings showed reduced postural control, suggesting that prolonged exercise stimulation could lead to a disturbance in postural control.
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Effects of Ganoderma lucidum and Ceratonia siliqua on blood glucose, lipid profile, and body composition in women with fibromyalgia. NUTR HOSP 2020; 38:139-145. [PMID: 33319566 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic rheumatic disorder that is related to high levels of cholesterol, high values of diastolic pressure, higher waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR), and higher body mass index. Objectives: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) and Ceratonia siliqua (CS) on blood parameters and anthropometrical measures in women with fibromyalgia. Methods: a double-blind randomized pilot trial was carried out. One group took 6 g/day of micro-milled carpophore powder of GL for 6 weeks, while the second group took the same dose of CS flour. Fasting glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides levels, weight, fat mass, muscular mass, waist-hip ratio, and blood pressure were assessed. Results: our results did not show any statistically significant differences in any of the outcome measures, even if there was a CS tendency to reduce fasting glucose levels and increase WHR. Conclusions: our results did not support the utility of both GL and CS as nutritional supplements to control blood parameters and anthropometric measures as assessed in women with fibromyalgia. Due to the limitations of the research, additional studies will be necessary to confirm our findings.
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Ryan DJ, Wullems JA, Stebbings GK, Morse CI, Stewart CE, Onambele-Pearson GL. The difference in sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity between older adults with 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' cardiometabolic profiles: a cross-sectional compositional data analysis approach. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2019; 16:25. [PMID: 31890050 PMCID: PMC6909533 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-019-0231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have seldom used Compositional Data Analysis (CoDA) to map the effects of sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity on older adults' cardio-metabolic profiles. This study therefore aimed to illustrate how sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity profiles differ between older adult groups (60-89 years), with 'low' compared to those with 'high' concentrations of endocrine cardio-metabolic disease risk markers, using CoDA. Method Ninety-three participants (55% female) wore a thigh-mounted triaxial accelerometer for seven consecutive free-living days. Accelerometer estimates of daily average hours of engagement in sedentary behaviour (SB), standing, light-intensity physical activity (LIPA), sporadic moderate-vigorous physical activity (sMVPA, accumulated with bouts between 1 and 10 min), 10-min moderate-vigorous physical activity (10MVPA, accumulated with bouts ≥10 min), in addition to self-reported sleeping hours were reported. Fasted whole blood concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, and glycated haemoglobin, and serum lipoprotein lipase (LPL), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and procollagen III N-terminal propeptide were determined. Results Triglyceride concentration appeared to be highly dependent on 10MVPA engagement as the 'low' and 'high' concentration groups engaged in 48% more and 32% less 10MVPA, respectively, relative to the geometric mean of the entire study sample. Time-use composition of the 'low' LPL group's engagement in 10MVPA was 26% less, while the 'high' LPL group was 7.9% more, than the entire study sample. Time-use composition of the 'high' glucose and glycated haemoglobin groups appeared to be similar as both engaged in more Sleep and SB, and less 10MVPA compared to the study sample. Participants with a 'low' IL-6 concentration engaged in 4.8% more Sleep and 2.7% less 10MVPA than the entire study sample. Time-use composition of the Total Cholesterol groups was mixed with the 'low' concentration group engaging in more Standing and 10MVPA but less Sleep, SB, LIPA, and sMVPA than the entire study sample. Conclusion Older adults should aim to increase 10MVPA engagement to improve lipid profile and decrease SB engagement to improve glucose profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan John Ryan
- 1Musculoskeletal Sciences and Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH UK.,2Science, University of Northampton, Northampton, Northamptonshire NN1 5PH UK
| | - Jorgen Antonin Wullems
- 1Musculoskeletal Sciences and Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH UK.,3Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Flanders Belgium
| | - Georgina Kate Stebbings
- 1Musculoskeletal Sciences and Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH UK
| | - Christopher Ian Morse
- 1Musculoskeletal Sciences and Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH UK
| | - Claire Elizabeth Stewart
- 4Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, Merseyside L3 3AF UK
| | - Gladys Leopoldine Onambele-Pearson
- 1Musculoskeletal Sciences and Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M15 6BH UK
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Ryan DJ, Wullems JA, Stebbings GK, Morse CI, Stewart CE, Onambele-Pearson GL. Using isotemporal substitution to predict the effects of changing physical behaviour on older adults' cardio-metabolic profiles. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224223. [PMID: 31644560 PMCID: PMC6808553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been advocated that older adults should concomitantly spend less time in sedentary behaviour (SB), and engage in sufficient physical activity (PA), to reduce their risk of cardio-metabolic diseases. However, it is not clear what intensity of PA must be done to offset SB engagement. AIM Model how cardio-metabolic profiles could change if older adults replaced an hour per day (hr·day-1) of a physical behaviour intensity with 1 hr·day-1 of another physical behaviour of a different intensity. METHODS Older adults (n = 93, 60-89 years old, 55% female) wore a thigh-mounted triaxial accelerometer for seven consecutive free-living days to estimate mean daily hourly engagement in SB, Standing, Light Intensity PA (LIPA), sporadic moderate to vigorous physical activity (sMVPA, bouts <10 continuous minutes), and 10-minute MVPA (10MVPA, bouts ≥10 continuous minutes. Fasting whole blood concentration of plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and glycated haemoglobin (%), along with serum concentration of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and procollagen III N-terminal propeptide (PIIINP) were measured. RESULTS Isotemporal Substitution, with covariate adjustment, suggested that: total cholesterol concentration could theoretically decrease when 1 hr·day-1 of SB is replaced with Standing, when 1 hr.day-1 of LIPA is replaced with Standing, and when 1 hr·day-1 of sMVPA is replaced with Standing. Triglyceride concentration theoretically decreased when 1 hr·day-1 of SB, Standing, LIPA, or sMVPA is replaced with 10MVPA. Triglyceride concentration theoretically increases when 1 hr·day-1 of 10MVPA is replaced with SB, Standing, or LIPA. No associations with time reallocation appears to exist for LPL, HbA1c, IL-6, and PIIINP. CONCLUSION The type of physical behaviour being replaced could be crucial for total cholesterol maintenance. Engagement in 10MVPA could be necessary to improve triglyceride concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan J. Ryan
- Musculoskeletal Sciences & Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Sport & Exercise Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Science, University of Northampton, Northampton, Northamptonshire, United Kingdom
| | - Jorgen Antonin Wullems
- Musculoskeletal Sciences & Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Sport & Exercise Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Georgina Kate Stebbings
- Musculoskeletal Sciences & Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Sport & Exercise Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Ian Morse
- Musculoskeletal Sciences & Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Sport & Exercise Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Elizabeth Stewart
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, Merseyside, United Kingdom
| | - Gladys Leopoldine Onambele-Pearson
- Musculoskeletal Sciences & Sport Medicine (MSSM) Research Centre, Department of Sport & Exercise Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Association of oxytocin levels and oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism (rs2254298) with cardiovascular risk factors in Brazilian elderly from Primary Health Care. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 84:103903. [PMID: 31326852 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.103903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease is a typical phenomenon in the elderly, and are related to unfavorable genetic, hormonal and environmental (lifestyle) interactions. In this context, oxytocin (OT) seems plays a key role in the development of CVD by performing important actions in metabolism energy and hemodynamic variables. OBJECTIVE To verify if there is an association between (OT) levels and the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) polymorphism (rs2254298) with cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) in the elderly. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in community-dwelling elderly attending primary health care. The genotyping was done using the polymerase chain reaction technique. The CRF factors investigated included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. Levels of triglycerides (TGC) postprandial and glucose were measured in capillary blood. OT and cortisol levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The sample comprised 177 elderly individuals. OT levels showed a significant negative correlation with postprandial triglycerides (p = 0.030) and BMI (p = 0.019). OT levels were also associated with leanness (p = 0.005). On Poisson regression analysis, OT remained a predictor for leanness (p = 0.010). No significant associations were observed between the OXTR polymorphism and CRF. CONCLUSION The results suggest that Postprandial TGC levels are increased, while OT levels are decreased, and this hormone was significantly elevated in lean elderly. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings, and the role of OT in metabolic parameters.
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Espinoza F, Delgado-Floody P, Martínez-Salazar C, Jerez-Mayorga D, Guzmán-Guzmán IP, Caamaño-Navarrete F, Ramirez-Campillo R, Chamorro C, Campos-Jara C. The influence of cardiometabolic risk factors on cardiorespiratory fitness in volunteer Chilean firefighters. Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23280. [PMID: 31232496 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max ) plays a fundamental role in firefighters' occupational activities due to the high intensity tasks they perform in their professional duties. In Chile, firefighters are volunteers (non-salary) and their lack of continuous and programmed physical activity may affect their physical fitness and health. The goal of this study was to determine the influence of anthropometric parameters and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors on the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of volunteer Chilean firefighters. METHODS Seventy-six volunteer male firefighters (median [5-95 percentiles]) aged 27.5 years [26-56], body mass index (BMI) 27.7 kg m-2 [19.9-35], and VO2max 44 mL kg-1 min-1 [36-56]) participated in the study. The following variables were assessed: BMI, fat mass%, body density, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, blood glucose, and VO2max . RESULTS In total, 68% of the samples were overweight or obese. A total of 36% presented abdominal obesity (WC ≥102 cm). High blood pressure (HBP) was observed in 25% of firefighters and high blood glucose was found in about 20%. The presence of abdominal obesity was the strongest predictor of VO2max (OR = 12.35, 95% CI = 3.56-42.82, P < .001), followed by the WHR (OR = 11.5, 95% CI = 3.1-42.7, P < .001) and high blood glucose (OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.7-7.3, P = 0.019). CONCLUSION This study showed that abdominal obesity in firefighters was the strongest predictor of low CRF. In addition, CRF was associated with CMR factors, except for HBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Espinoza
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Laboratory of Human Performance, Quality of Life and Wellness Research Group, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | - Claudio Chamorro
- Medical School, Pontificia University Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Akgöz A, Gözüm S. Cardiovascular disease risk in Turkish family health centers. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR NURSING 2019; 37:117-124. [PMID: 31155158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvn.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death both worldwide and in Turkey. The risk of CVD increases among those who are middle aged and among people with certain sociodemographic factors related to that risk. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of the risk of CVD and assess the factors related to this risk among adults aged 40-65 years. The study consisted of 327 individuals (208 [63.6%] women and 119 [36.4%] men) from a family health center (FHC) in Antalya, Turkey, who volunteered to participate in the study. The average age of the patients was 52.7 years. This cross-sectional study was conducted between April and September of 2016. The risk levels of the participants were calculated using the HeartScore program in 4 categories (low, moderate, high, and very high risk). In addition, sociodemographic and medical data were collected from the participants, as well. It was found that 3.4% of the patients were at a very high risk, 8% were at a high risk, 22% were at a moderate risk, and 66.7% were at a low risk of CVD. Major variables increasing this risk included diastolic hypertension by 7.49 (3.77-14.88) times. The individuals who completed secondary and high school had 2.44 times greater risk compared with those who completed primary school and lower education; moreover, those who completed university and higher education had the 2.24 times greater risk. Cardiovascular risk screening is important for apparently healthy individuals. The HeartScore program is practical for nurses and other health care professionals in FHCs to estimate individuals' risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Akgöz
- Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Sebahat Gözüm
- Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Cui M, Chiang C, Cui R, Honjo K, Yatsuya H, Watson BM, Ikerdeu E, Mita T, Madraisau S, Aoyama A, Iso H. Prevalence and Correlates of Dyslipidemia Among Men and Women in Palau: Findings of the Palau STEPS Survey 2011-2013. J Epidemiol 2019; 29:97-103. [PMID: 30012907 PMCID: PMC6375813 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20170127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence of dyslipidemia in Pacific Island countries is limited despite the knowledge that non-communicable diseases have a high burden in the region. We aimed to examine the prevalence and correlates of dyslipidemia among residents of Palau. METHODS The Palau STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS), which was conducted from 2011 through 2013, comprised three parts: behavioral risk factors; physical measurements; and biochemical tests, covering areas such as blood lipids. We used STEPS-generated data to perform a cross-sectional study of 2,184 randomly selected Palau residents, comprising Palauans and non-Palauans aged 25-64 years. RESULTS The age-adjusted mean BMI was 29.3 kg/m2 in men and 29.9 kg/m2 in women; age-adjusted mean triglycerides value was 182 mg/dL in men and 166 mg/dL in women; and age-adjusted mean cholesterol was 178 mg/dL in men and 183 mg/dL in women. The prevalence of overweight/obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) was 75% in men and 76% in women, and those of hypertriglyceridemia (triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL) and hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL) were 48% in men and 41% in women and 18% in men and 23% in women, respectively. Mean values of total cholesterol were 177 mg/dL in Palauan men and 182 mg/dL in non-Palauan men. Mean values of triglycerides were 171 mg/dL in Palauan women and 150 mg/dL in non-Palauan women. Women living in rural areas showed a higher mean value of total cholesterol than those in urban areas. CONCLUSION We found a high mean BMI and high prevalence of overweight/obesity and hypertriglyceridemia, but low mean total cholesterol and a low prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Palau. Lipid profiles varied by age, ethnicity, and living area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meishan Cui
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chifa Chiang
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaori Honjo
- Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | | - Takashi Mita
- Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Atsuko Aoyama
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Teixeira P, Pereira H, Monteiro S, Esgalhado G, Afonso RM, Loureiro M, Ferrão D, Garcia N. [The importance of biomedical indicators in sexual functioning in healthy Portuguese adults]. Rev Int Androl 2019; 17:15-23. [PMID: 30691587 DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of biomedical indicators, such as body mass index, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, on sexual functioning in Portuguese adults. METHODS The sample consisted of 225 healthy individuals (non-smokers, women not taking contraceptive pill), aged 18-89 years (mean = 41 years), of whom 107 were males and 117 females. A Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Portuguese version of the Massachusetts General Hospital Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ) and biomedical indicators measurement devices were applied. RESULTS 59.6% (N = 134) of the participants presented levels for global sexual functioning below the expected values. Men scored better overall sexual functioning when compared to women, as well as the group of younger participants. Significant correlational values between BMI (r = -253, p <.001), glycemic index (r = -.230, p <.001), total cholesterol (r = -144, p < .05) and sexual functioning were obtained. The hierarchical regression model allowed to demonstrate the mediating effect of the biomedical variables on sexual functioning, explaining 31% (r2 = .31; p <.001) of the total variance. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This research makes it possible to highlight the importance of biomedical indicators in sexual functioning, helping professionals working in this area to be aware of how biomedical contexts interfere with sexual expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Teixeira
- Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Universidade da Beira Interior, Departamento de Psicologia e Educação, Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Henrique Pereira
- Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Universidade da Beira Interior, Departamento de Psicologia e Educação, Covilhã, Portugal; Universidade da Beira Interior, Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Samuel Monteiro
- Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Universidade da Beira Interior, Departamento de Psicologia e Educação, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Graça Esgalhado
- Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Universidade da Beira Interior, Departamento de Psicologia e Educação, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Rosa Marina Afonso
- Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Universidade da Beira Interior, Departamento de Psicologia e Educação, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Manuel Loureiro
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Delfina Ferrão
- Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Cova da Beira, Centro de Saúde da Covilhã, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Nuno Garcia
- Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal; Universidade da Beira Interior, Departamento de Informática, Covilhã, Portugal
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Larsen AE, Bibby BM, Hansen M. Effect of a Whey Protein Supplement on Preservation of Fat Free Mass in Overweight and Obese Individuals on an Energy Restricted Very Low Caloric Diet. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1918. [PMID: 30518130 PMCID: PMC6315656 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has caused a widespread interest in strategies to achieve a healthy "high quality" weight loss, where excess fat is lost, while fat free mass (FFM) is preserved. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of whey protein supplementation given before night sleep on FFM preservation during a 4-week (wk) period on a very low caloric diet (VLCD). Twenty-nine obese subjects (body mass index (BMI) > 28 kg/m²) completed a 4-week intervention including a VLCD and a walking program (30 min walking × 5 times per week). Subjects were randomly assigned to either control (CON, n = 15) or a whey protein supplement (PRO, 0.4 g protein/kg/day, n = 14), ingested before bedtime. Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, DXA), blood analysis and physical test were performed pre and post intervention. We measured nitrogen excretion in three 24 h urine collections (Day 0, 7 and 28) to assess nitrogen balance. Changes in nitrogen balance (NB) after 7 and 28 days was different between treatment groups (interaction p < 0.05). PRO was in NB after 7 days and in positive NB at day 28. In contrast, CON was in negative NB at day 7, but in NB at day 28. Nevertheless, no significant group differences were observed in the change in pre- and post-FFM measurements (-2.5 kg, [95% CI: 1.9; 3.1], p = 0.65). In conclusion, ingestion of a whey protein supplement before bedtime during a 4-week period on a VLCD improved nitrogen balance, but did not lead to any significant improvement in the quality of the weight loss in regard to observed changes in body composition and health parameters compared with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ellegaard Larsen
- Section of Sport Sciences, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Dalgas Avenue 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Bo Martin Bibby
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Alle 2, 800 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Mette Hansen
- Section of Sport Sciences, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Dalgas Avenue 4, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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da Silva CR, Santana PV, Mendes PC, Saraiva B, da Silva Lima A, Leite RD, Tibana RA, Carvalho WRG, Navalta JW, Prestes J, Pereira GB. Metabolic and cardiorespiratory acute responses to fasting versus feeding during high-intensity interval training. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-018-0437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Fagundes LC, Fernandes MH, Brito TA, Coqueiro RDS, Carneiro JAO. Prevalence and factors associated with hypertriglyceridemic waist in the elderly: a population-based study. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2018; 23:607-616. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018232.02862016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract To identify the prevalence and factors associated with hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) in community-dwelling elderly people in northeast Brazil. Population-based cross-sectional study. Some 316 elderly (≥ 60 years) people of both sexes participated in this study. Data were collected using a questionnaire, based on that used in the Health, Welfare and Aging Study (SABE), in addition to blood tests, blood pressure measurements and anthropometric measurements. The hypertriglyceridemic waist condition was diagnosed using high values of triglycerides (≥ 150 mg/dl) and waist circumference increased ≥ 88 and ≥ 102 cm for women and men, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the hypertriglyceridemic waist and associated factors, significance level of 5%. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) was 27.1%. The logistic regression model (OR) adjusted showed the condition of HW associated to the feminine sex (OR 4.19), to the insufficiently active elderly (OR 2.41) and with overweight (OR 4.06). A high prevalence (27.1%) of hypertriglyceridemic waist was observed, indicating the female sex, physical inactivity and overweight as key factors associated with hypertriglyceridemic waist in community-dwelling elderly people.
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Associations of β-hydroxybutyrate, cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins to non-esterified fatty acids pre- and postpartum. J DAIRY RES 2016; 83:447-452. [PMID: 27845015 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029916000534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
While laboratory tests for measuring the concentration of NEFA in serum are well established, a point of care test to determine NEFA on farm is not available. Several hand-held measuring devices, however, have been validated for measuring β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) in cattle or cholesterol, triglycerides (TAG), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in human medicine, respectively. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between NEFA and different parameters related to lipid metabolism. Specifically, we set out to determine if it is feasible to predict the concentration of NEFA by means of surrogate measures. The concentration of BHBA was determined by a hand-held device evaluated for use in cows, whereas the concentrations of the other parameters were determined by laboratory analysis because hand-held devices for cholesterol, TAG and HDL are only evaluated for human medicine so far. A total of 254 cows were included in the trial. One blood sample was taken from each cow between d 10 and d 1 prepartum. Second and third samples were collected on d 2 and d 10 postpartum, respectively. The coefficients of correlation between parameters were calculated and a receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis has been used. The prediction of NEFA concentrations using only one of the parameters was insufficient. However, a NEFA concentration ≥0·5 mEq/l could be predicted with a high sensitivity (i.e. Se = 0·88) and specificity (i.e. Sp = 0·93) from d 3 to d 1 prepartum and a NEFA concentration ≥0·7 mEq/l could be reliably predicted on d 2 postpartum (i.e. AUC = 0·89, Se = 0·89, Sp = 0·76) when using a combination of BHBA, cholesterol and TAG as surrogates. Overall, our results suggest that a combination of different parameters of lipid metabolism could be used as surrogates for NEFA.
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Barrios P, Martin-Biggers J, Quick V, Byrd-Bredbenner C. Reliability and criterion validity of self-measured waist, hip, and neck circumferences. BMC Med Res Methodol 2016; 16:49. [PMID: 27145829 PMCID: PMC4855335 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-016-0150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Waist, hip, and neck circumference measurements are cost-effective, non-invasive, useful markers for body fat distribution and disease risk. For epidemiology and intervention studies, including body circumference measurements in self-report surveys could be informative. However, few studies have assessed the test-retest reliability and criterion validity of a self-report tool feasible for use in large scale studies. Methods At home, mothers of young children viewed a brief, online instructional video on how to measure their waist, hip, and neck circumferences. Afterwards, they created a homemade paper measuring tape from a downloaded file with scissors and tape, took all measurements in duplicate, and entered them into an online survey. A few weeks later, participants visited an anthropometrics lab where they measured themselves again, and trained technicians (n = 9) measured participants in duplicate using standard equipment and procedures. To assess differences between self- and technician-measured circumferences, duplicate measurements for participant home self-measurements, participant lab self-measurements, and technician measurements each were averaged and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests conducted. Agreement between all possible pairs of measurements were examined using Intraclass Correlations (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots. Results Participants (n = 41; aged 38.05 ± 3.54SD years; 71 % white) were all mothers that had at least one child under the age of 12 yrs. Technical error of measurements for self- and technician- duplicate measurements varied little (0.08 to 0.76 inches) and had very high reliability (≥0.90). Intraclass Correlations (ICC) comparing self vs technician were high (0.97, 0.96, and 0.84 for waist, hip, and neck). Comparison of self-measurements at home vs lab revealed high test-retest reliability (ICC ≥ 0.87). Differences between participant self- and technician measurements were small (i.e., mean difference ranged from −0.13 to 0.06 inches) with nearly all (≥93 %) differences within Bland-Altman limits of agreement and <10 % exceeding the a priori clinically meaningful difference criterion. Conclusions This study has demonstrated a simple, inexpensive method for teaching novice mothers of young children to take their own body circumferences resulting in accurate, reliable data. Thus, collecting self-measured and self-reported circumference data in future studies may be a feasible approach in research protocols that has potential to expand our knowledge of body composition beyond that provided by self-reported body mass indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Barrios
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, 26 Nichol Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Jennifer Martin-Biggers
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, 26 Nichol Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Virginia Quick
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, 26 Nichol Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
| | - Carol Byrd-Bredbenner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, 26 Nichol Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
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Camara A, Baldé NM, Diakité M, Sylla D, Baldé EH, Kengne AP, Baldé MD. High prevalence, low awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension in Guinea: results from a population-based STEPS survey. J Hum Hypertens 2015; 30:237-44. [PMID: 26310186 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2015.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major and fast-growing public health problem in Africa. We determined the prevalence of hypertension and assessed the levels of awareness, treatment and control in Guinea. A cross-sectional study based on a stratified cluster random sampling was conducted. In all, 2491 adults (1351 women) aged 15-64 years were selected and screened during September-December 2009. Hypertension (systolic (and/or diastolic) blood pressure ⩾140 (90) mm Hg or use of antihypertensive medications) and diabetes mellitus (fasting capillary glucose ⩾110 mg dl(-1) or use of antidiabetic medications) were determined. Logistic regressions were used to investigate the determinants of hypertension. The mean body mass index was 22.4 kg m(-2) (s.d.=4.5). The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was, respectively, 29.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 29.8-30.0) and 3.5% (95%CI 3.4-3.5). The prevalence of hypertension was 29.4% (29.3-29.5) in men and 30.4% (30.4-30.6) in women. The prevalence was 62.5% in the 44-64 years age group. Overall, 75.8% of hypertensive participants were undetected before the survey and 34.9% of those aware of their hypertensive status were receiving treatment, of whom 16.3% were at target control levels. Age, education, diabetes and obesity were the main factors associated with hypertension. There was a high prevalence of hypertension among the adults in Guinea, but with low awareness, treatment and control rates. Urgent response is needed in the form of integrated and comprehensive action targeting major non-communicable diseases in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Camara
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Conakry, Guinea.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Conakry, Guinea
| | - N M Baldé
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital, Conakry, Guinea.,National Program of Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Conakry, Guinea
| | - M Diakité
- Central Laboratory, University Hospital, Conakry, Guinea
| | - D Sylla
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Conakry, Guinea
| | - E H Baldé
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Conakry, Guinea
| | - A P Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council & University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M D Baldé
- National Program of Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Conakry, Guinea.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Conakry, Guinea
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Queiroz BMD, Coqueiro RDS, Leal Neto JDS, Borgatto AF, Barbosa AR, Fernandes MH. [Physical inactivity among non-institutionalized elderly individuals: a population-based study]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2014; 19:3489-96. [PMID: 25119087 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232014198.19882013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The scope of this study is to assess the prevalence of physical inactivity among the elderly in Northeast Brazil and analyze the associated lifestyle and socio-demographic factors and health conditions. The work presented here is a descriptive and association-based study using secondary data derived from a population-based epidemiological study that included 316 elderly participants. The physical activity level of each participant was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The explanatory variables examined in this study were gender, age group, family set-up, ability to read and write, paid or voluntary employment, smoking, symptoms of depression, high blood pressure, fasting hyperglycemia and functional capacity. The prevalence of physical inactivity was 46.5. The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that physical inactivity was positively associated with the age group ≥ 80 years (PR = 2.37), with the lack of an occupation (PR = 4.86) and with dependence on instrumental activities of daily life (PR = 1.47) and basic activities of daily life (PR = 1.60). Physical inactivity was highly prevalent in the surveyed population, making it essential to discuss programs that encourage and enable increased physical activity to combat the risk factors of a sedentary lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raildo da Silva Coqueiro
- Núcleo de Estudos em Epidemiologia do Envelhecimento, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia
| | | | - Adriano Ferreti Borgatto
- Departamento de Informática e Estatística, Centro Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
| | | | - Marcos Henrique Fernandes
- Núcleo de Estudos em Epidemiologia do Envelhecimento, Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia
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