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Crosby HA, Keim K, Kwiecinski JM, Langouët-Astrié CJ, Oshima K, LaRivière WB, Schmidt EP, Horswill AR. Host-derived protease promotes aggregation of Staphylococcus aureus by cleaving the surface protein SasG. mBio 2024; 15:e0348323. [PMID: 38511930 PMCID: PMC11005337 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03483-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections, many of which begin following attachment and accumulation on indwelling medical devices or diseased tissue. These infections are often linked to the establishment of biofilms, but another often overlooked key characteristic allowing S. aureus to establish persistent infection is the formation of planktonic aggregates. Such aggregates are physiologically similar to biofilms and protect pathogens from innate immune clearance and increase antibiotic tolerance. The cell-wall-associated protein SasG has been implicated in biofilm formation via mechanisms of intercellular aggregation but the mechanism in the context of disease is largely unknown. We have previously shown that the expression of cell-wall-anchored proteins involved in biofilm formation is controlled by the ArlRS-MgrA regulatory cascade. In this work, we demonstrate that the ArlRS two-component system controls aggregation, by repressing the expression of sasG by activation of the global regulator MgrA. We also demonstrate that SasG must be proteolytically processed by a non-staphylococcal protease to induce aggregation and that strains expressing functional full-length sasG aggregate significantly upon proteolysis by a mucosal-derived host protease found in human saliva. We used fractionation and N-terminal sequencing to demonstrate that human trypsin within saliva cleaves within the A domain of SasG to expose the B domain and induce aggregation. Finally, we demonstrated that SasG is involved in virulence during mouse lung infection. Together, our data point to SasG, its processing by host proteases, and SasG-driven aggregation as important elements of S. aureus adaptation to the host environment.IMPORTANCEHere, we demonstrate that the Staphylococcus aureus surface protein SasG is important for cell-cell aggregation in the presence of host proteases. We show that the ArlRS two-component regulatory system controls SasG levels through the cytoplasmic regulator MgrA. We identified human trypsin as the dominant protease triggering SasG-dependent aggregation and demonstrated that SasG is important for S. aureus lung infection. The discovery that host proteases can induce S. aureus aggregation contributes to our understanding of how this pathogen establishes persistent infections. The observations in this study demonstrate the need to strengthen our knowledge of S. aureus surface adhesin function and processing, regulation of adhesin expression, and the mechanisms that promote biofilm formation to develop strategies for preventing chronic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi A. Crosby
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Klara Keim
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jakub M. Kwiecinski
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Christophe J. Langouët-Astrié
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kaori Oshima
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wells B. LaRivière
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Eric P. Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander R. Horswill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, Colorado, USA
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2
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Tayyeb JZ, Priya M, Guru A, Kishore Kumar MS, Giri J, Garg A, Agrawal R, Mat KB, Arockiaraj J. Multifunctional curcumin mediated zinc oxide nanoparticle enhancing biofilm inhibition and targeting apoptotic specific pathway in oral squamous carcinoma cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:423. [PMID: 38489102 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health remains a significant global concern with the prevalence of oral pathogens and the increasing incidence of oral cancer posing formidable challenges. Additionally, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has complicated treatment strategies, emphasizing the urgent need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Recent research has explored the application of plant compounds mediated with nanotechnology in oral health, focusing on the antimicrobial and anticancer properties. METHODS In this study, curcumin (Cu)-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized and characterized using SEM, EDAX, UV spectroscopy, FTIR, and XRD to validate their composition and structural features. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of ZnO-CU NPs was investigated through DPPH, ABTS, and zone of inhibition assays. Apoptotic assays and gene expression analysis were performed in KB oral squamous carcinoma cells to identify their anticancer activity. RESULTS ZnO-CU NPs showcased formidable antioxidant prowess in both DPPH and ABTS assays, signifying their potential as robust scavengers of free radicals. The determined minimal inhibitory concentration of 40 µg/mL against dental pathogens underscored the compelling antimicrobial attributes of ZnO-CU NPs. Furthermore, the interaction analysis revealed the superior binding affinity and intricate amino acid interactions of ZnO-CU NPs with receptors on dental pathogens. Moreover, in the realm of anticancer activity, ZnO-CU NPs exhibited a dose-dependent response against Human Oral Epidermal Carcinoma KB cells at concentrations of 10 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, and 80 µg/mL. Unraveling the intricate mechanism of apoptotic activity, ZnO-CU NPs orchestrated the upregulation of pivotal genes, including BCL2, BAX, and P53, within the KB cells. CONCLUSIONS This multifaceted approach, addressing both antimicrobial and anticancer activity, positions ZnO-CU NPs as a compelling avenue for advancing oral health, offering a comprehensive strategy for tackling both oral infections and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehad Zuhair Tayyeb
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23890, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madhu Priya
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar
- Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre (BRULAC), Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayant Giri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India
| | - Akash Garg
- Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Mathura, 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rutvi Agrawal
- Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Mathura, 281001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khairiyah Binti Mat
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro‑Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia.
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro‑Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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3
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Banerjee K, Kakkar A, Shamsi KA, Bansal D, Mathur P, Potode NM, Pagariya P, Azher SP, Chaudhari A, Mandal R, Karadkhele AS, Markandeywar N, Dharmadhikari S, Khandhedia C, Mane A, Mehta S, Joglekar S. Effectiveness of Oral Cephalexin-Clavulanic Acid, Cefuroxime, and Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid in the Management of Dental Infections: A Real-World, Retrospective, Electronic Medical Record-Based Study in India. Drugs Real World Outcomes 2024; 11:53-68. [PMID: 38109028 DOI: 10.1007/s40801-023-00406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite multiple antibiotics being available to manage dental infections (DI), there is lack of data comparing commonly prescribed antibiotics in India. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-world effectiveness and tolerability of cephalexin-clavulanic acid fixed-dose combination (cephalexin CV FDC) in contrast with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav FDC) and cefuroxime among patients with dental infections (odontogenic) in India. METHODS This retrospective, multi-centric, observational, real-world electronic medical record (EMR)-based study was conducted between January 2022 and December 2022. The EMRs of 355 adults with DI receiving oral cephalexin CV, co-amoxiclav, or cefuroxime were categorized into two distinct groups: Group I (Test Group) with patients prescribed cephalexin extended release 375/750 mg along with clavulanic acid 125 mg; and Group II (Comparator Group) with patients prescribed co-amoxiclav 625 mg (500 mg amoxicillin + 125 mg clavulanic acid) or cefuroxime (250 mg/500 mg). RESULTS Toothache was the most common complaint, reported by 95.5% of patients, followed by swelling (46.8%), tooth sensitivity (35.5%), pus discharge (33.0%), redness and halitosis (30.4% each). Dental caries was observed in 81.1% of patients. Clinical improvement, defined as improvement/partial resolution of infection-related clinical signs and symptoms (composite measure of pain, swelling, fever, requirement of additional antimicrobial therapy) as per dentists' judgment, was recorded in 98.3% of patients with cephalexin CV, 96.8% of patients with co-amoxiclav, and 98.9% of patients treated with cefuroxime within 10 days. Time (days) to clinical improvement was numerically lesser among patients receiving cephalexin CV (4.6 ± 2.0) compared with cefuroxime (4.9 ± 2.1) and co-amoxiclav (5.0 ± 2.6). All treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSION Cephalexin CV was as effective as co-amoxiclav and cefuroxime, with faster clinical improvement and better resolution of certain symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Banerjee
- Asansol Dental and Maxillofacial Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajay Kakkar
- Le Visage Dental Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Deepak Bansal
- Dr. Bansal's Dental Care and Implant Clinic, Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Apurva Chaudhari
- Lotus Dental Care and Implant Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ritu Mandal
- Dr. Ritu's Dental Care, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Amey Mane
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suyog Mehta
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sadhna Joglekar
- Ex Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Yüce E, Sharifikolouei E, Micusik M, Ferraris S, Rashidi R, Najmi Z, Gümrükçü S, Scalia A, Cochis A, Rimondini L, Spriano S, Omastova M, Sarac AS, Eckert J, Sarac B. Anticorrosion and Antimicrobial Tannic Acid-Functionalized Ti-Metallic Glass Ribbons for Dental Abutment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:936-949. [PMID: 38299869 PMCID: PMC10880059 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a recently reported Ti-based metallic glass (MG), without any toxic element, but with a significant amount of metalloid (Si-Ge-B, 18 atom %) and minor soft element (Sn, 2 atom %), was produced in ribbon form using conventional single-roller melt-spinning. The produced Ti60Zr20Si8Ge7B3Sn2 ribbons were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction to confirm their amorphous structure, and their corrosion properties were further investigated by open-circuit potential and cyclic polarization tests. The ribbon's surface was functionalized by tannic acid, a natural plant-based polyphenol, to enhance its performance in terms of corrosion prevention and antimicrobial efficacy. These properties can potentially be exploited in the premucosal parts of dental implants (abutments). The Folin and Ciocalteu test was used for the quantification of tannic acid (TA) grafted on the ribbon surface and of its redox activity. Fluorescent microscopy and ζ-potential measurements were used to confirm the presence of TA on the surfaces of the ribbons. The cytocompatibility evaluation (indirect and direct) of TA-functionalized Ti60Zr20Si8Ge7B3Sn2 MG ribbons toward primary human gingival fibroblast demonstrated that no significant differences in cell viability were detected between the functionalized and as-produced (control) MG ribbons. Finally, the antibacterial investigation of TA-functionalized samples against Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated the specimens' antimicrobial properties, shown by scanning electron microscopy images after 24 h, presenting a few single colonies remaining on their surfaces. The thickness of bacterial aggregations (biofilm-like) that were formed on the surface of the as-produced samples reduced from 3.5 to 1.5 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eray Yüce
- Erich
Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian
Academy of Sciences, 8700 Leoben, Austria
- Department
of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Elham Sharifikolouei
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino (POLITO), 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Matej Micusik
- Polymer
Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sara Ferraris
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino (POLITO), 10129 Turin, Italy
- POLITO
BIOMed LAB, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Reza Rashidi
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino (POLITO), 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Ziba Najmi
- Department
of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune
and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università
del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Selin Gümrükçü
- Department
of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Alessandro Scalia
- Department
of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune
and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università
del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Department
of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune
and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università
del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Lia Rimondini
- Department
of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune
and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università
del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Spriano
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino (POLITO), 10129 Turin, Italy
- POLITO
BIOMed LAB, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Omastova
- Polymer
Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Jürgen Eckert
- Erich
Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian
Academy of Sciences, 8700 Leoben, Austria
- Department
of Materials Science, Chair of Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Baran Sarac
- Erich
Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian
Academy of Sciences, 8700 Leoben, Austria
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Salem SS, Elsayed HE, Shabana S, Khazaal MT, Moharram FA. Phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from two Syzygium species against selected oral pathogens. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:448. [PMID: 38087292 PMCID: PMC10714517 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genus Syzygium (Myrtaceae) comprises several essential oil-rich species that are utilized traditionally for treating tooth infections and toothache. The current study aimed to extract essential oils (EOs) from the leaves of Syzygium samarangense and Syzygium malaccense cultivated in Egypt for the first time and screen their antimicrobial potential against oral-related pathogens. METHODS The intended EOs were extracted using hydrodistillation (HD) by boiling fresh leaves with distilled water; supercritical fluid (SF) by extracting the dried leaves using supercritical CO2 at 40 °C and 150 bar; and the headspace (HS) in which the fresh leaves were heated in a glass vial and the vaporized aroma were analyzed. The volatile constituents were analyzed using GC/MS and identified by comparing the experimental Kovats' retention indices with the literature. The antimicrobial activity was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans using agar diffusion, microwell dilution, and biofilm formation assays. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) was determined by applying one-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test. RESULTS The yield of the extracted EOs differs between the applied methods, and the SF approach harvested the maximum (0.52-0.46%). The GC-MS analysis of SF EOs revealed a discrepancy between the two species. Since S. malaccense showed an abundance of hydrocarbons represented mainly by squalene (60.60%), S. samarangense was deemed to have oxygenated sesquiterpenes exemplified in globulol (52.09%). On the other side, the HD and HS EOs were sequentially comparable, while differed in the percentage of their majors. γ-terpinene (33.06%) pioneered the HS-derived aroma of S. malaccense, while S. samarangense was abundant with α-pinene (30.18%). Concurrently, the HD EOs of S. malaccense and S. samarangense were commonly denoted by caryophyllene oxide (8.19%-18.48%), p-cymene (16.02%- 19.50%), and γ-terpinene (12.20%-17.84). Ultimately, both species EOs exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial potential, although the HD EO was more potent than the SF EO. The HD EOs of both species potently inhibited the growth of E. coli (MIC 3.75 µL/mL) and suppressed C. albicans biofilm formation by 83.43 and 87.27%, respectively. The SF-EOs efficiently suppressed the biofilm formation of Gram-positive bacteria by 76.45%-82.95%. CONCLUSION EOs extracted from both species by different methods possessed a unique blend of volatile components with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. They were promoted as bioactive hits for controlling oral infections, however further investigations concerning their safety in clinical settings are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar S Salem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba E Elsayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University. Ein Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt.
| | - Samah Shabana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T Khazaal
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Moharram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University. Ein Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
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Colombo APV, do Souto RM, Araújo LL, Espíndola LCP, Hartenbach FARR, Magalhães CB, da Silva Oliveira Alves G, Lourenço TGB, da Silva-Boghossian CM. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence of subgingival staphylococci isolated from periodontal health and diseases. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11613. [PMID: 37463947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysbiotic biofilm of periodontitis may function as a reservoir for opportunistic human pathogens of clinical relevance. This study explored the virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from the subgingival biofilm of individuals with different periodontal conditions. Subgingival biofilm was obtained from 142 individuals with periodontal health, 101 with gingivitis and 302 with periodontitis, and cultivated on selective media. Isolated strains were identified by mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion. The mecA and virulence genes were surveyed by PCR. Differences among groups regarding species, virulence and antimicrobial resistance were examined by Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney tests. The overall prevalence of subgingival staphylococci was 46%, especially in severe periodontitis (> 60%; p < 0.01). S. epidermidis (59%) and S. aureus (22%) were the predominant species across groups. S. condimenti, S. hominis, S. simulans and S. xylosus were identified only in periodontitis. High rates of resistance/reduced sensitivity were found for penicillin (60%), amoxicillin (55%) and azithromycin (37%), but multidrug resistance was observed in 12% of the isolates. Over 70% of the mecA + strains in periodontitis were isolated from severe disease. Higher detection rates of fnB + isolates were observed in periodontitis compared to health and gingivitis, whereas luxF/luxS-pvl + strains were associated with sites with deep pockets and attachment loss (p < 0.05). Penicillin-resistant staphylococci is highly prevalent in the subgingival biofilm regardless of the periodontal status. Strains carrying virulence genes related to tissue adhesion/invasion, inflammation and cytotoxicity support the pathogenic potential of these opportunists in the periodontal microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Vieira Colombo
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Renata Martins do Souto
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lélia Lima Araújo
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laís Christina Pontes Espíndola
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fátima Aparecida R R Hartenbach
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clarissa Bichara Magalhães
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Talita Gomes Baêta Lourenço
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carina Maciel da Silva-Boghossian
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Clinics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Gomes PSFC, Forrester M, Pace M, Gomes DEB, Bernardi RC. May the force be with you: The role of hyper-mechanostability of the bone sialoprotein binding protein during early stages of Staphylococci infections. Front Chem 2023; 11:1107427. [PMID: 36846849 PMCID: PMC9944720 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1107427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone sialoprotein-binding protein (Bbp) is a mechanoactive MSCRAMM protein expressed on the surface of Staphylococcus aureus that mediates adherence of the bacterium to fibrinogen-α (Fgα), a component of the bone and dentine extracellular matrix of the host cell. Mechanoactive proteins like Bbp have key roles in several physiological and pathological processes. Particularly, the Bbp: Fgα interaction is important in the formation of biofilms, an important virulence factor of pathogenic bacteria. Here, we investigated the mechanostability of the Bbp: Fgα complex using in silico single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), in an approach that combines results from all-atom and coarse-grained steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations. Our results show that Bbp is the most mechanostable MSCRAMM investigated thus far, reaching rupture forces beyond the 2 nN range in typical experimental SMFS pulling rates. Our results show that high force-loads, which are common during initial stages of bacterial infection, stabilize the interconnection between the protein's amino acids, making the protein more "rigid". Our data offer new insights that are crucial on the development of novel anti-adhesion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila S. F. C. Gomes
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Meredith Forrester
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Margaret Pace
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Diego E. B. Gomes
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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8
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Sefah IA, Sneddon J, Essah DO, Kurdi A, Fadare J, Jairoun AA, Godman B. Evaluation of antibiotic prescribing for ambulatory patients seeking primary dental care services in a public hospital in Ghana: a clinical audit study. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2022; 4:dlac079. [PMID: 35795243 PMCID: PMC9252983 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One in 10 of all antibiotic prescriptions globally are for dental conditions with 80% of them being inappropriate, making it a potential driver of antimicrobial resistance. Objectives To evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic use among ambulatory patients seeking dental care services in a public hospital in Ghana. Methods A retrospective clinical audit was conducted by extracting the medical records of all patients seeking dental care at the ambulatory care clinic of Keta Municipal Hospital (KMH) from January 2020 to December 2020 using the hospital’s electronic database. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed on the data collected. Results Overall, 1433 patient medical records were extracted from the database within the study period. The mean age of the patients identified was 39.9 years with almost two-thirds being female. The majority (91.1%, n = 1306) of them were attended to by a dental nurse. In total, 88.6% (n = 1269) of the patients received antibiotics and 87.5% (n = 1254) of antibiotics prescribed were non-compliant with Ghana Standard Treatment Guidelines. Three-quarters of the dental conditions were managed with dual antibiotics comprising amoxicillin and metronidazole. Antibiotic prescription was associated with age, gender, type of prescriber and type of dental condition diagnosed. Conclusions There is a high usage of antibiotics for dental conditions managed at the outpatient section of the hospital and most are inappropriate. Development of local guidelines supported by education of dental clinicians on empirical use of antibiotics is a suitable target for the antimicrobial stewardship team to address in KMH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Abebrese Sefah
- Pharmacy Practice Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | | | - Darius Obeng Essah
- Pharmacy Department, Keta Municipal Hospital, Ghana Health Service, Keta, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Amanj Kurdi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Joseph Fadare
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Brian Godman
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, Scotland
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Electrospun Membrane Surface Modification by Sonocoating with HA and ZnO:Ag Nanoparticles—Characterization and Evaluation of Osteoblasts and Bacterial Cell Behavior In Vitro. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091582. [PMID: 35563888 PMCID: PMC9103553 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration and guided bone regeneration membranes are some of the most common products used for bone regeneration in periodontal dentistry. The main disadvantage of commercially available membranes is their lack of bone cell stimulation and easy bacterial colonization. The aim of this work was to design and fabricate a new membrane construct composed of electrospun poly (D,L-lactic acid)/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) fibers sonocoated with layers of nanoparticles with specific properties, i.e., hydroxyapatite and bimetallic nanocomposite of zinc oxide–silver. Thus, within this study, four different variants of biomaterials were evaluated, namely: poly (D,L-lactic acid)/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) biomaterial, poly(D,L-lactic acid)/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/nano hydroxyapatite biomaterial, poly (D,L-lactic acid)/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/nano zinc oxide–silver biomaterial, and poly (D,L-lactic acid)/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/nano hydroxyapatite/nano zinc oxide–silver biomaterial. First, it was demonstrated that the wettability of biomaterials—a prerequisite property important for ensuring desired biological response—was highly increased after the sonocoating process. Moreover, it was indicated that biomaterials composed of poly (D,L-lactic acid)/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) with or without a nano hydroxyapatite layer allowed proper osteoblast growth and proliferation, but did not have antibacterial properties. Addition of a nano zinc oxide–silver layer to the biomaterial inhibited growth of bacterial cells around the membrane, but at the same time induced very high cytotoxicity towards osteoblasts. Most importantly, enrichment of this biomaterial with a supplementary underlayer of nano hydroxyapatite allowed for the preservation of antibacterial properties and also a decrease in the cytotoxicity towards bone cells, associated with the presence of a nano zinc oxide–silver layer. Thus, the final structure of the composite poly (D,L-lactic acid)/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/nano hydroxyapatite/nano zinc oxide–silver seems to be a promising construct for tissue engineering products, especially guided tissue regeneration/guided bone regeneration membranes. Nevertheless, additional research is needed in order to improve the developed construct, which will simultaneously protect the biomaterial from bacterial colonization and enhance the bone regeneration properties.
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Rafey A, Amin A, Kamran M, Haroon U, Farooq K, Foubert K, Pieters L. Analysis of Plant Origin Antibiotics against Oral Bacterial Infections Using In Vitro and In Silico Techniques and Characterization of Active Constituents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10121504. [PMID: 34943716 PMCID: PMC8699006 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pervasiveness of oral bacterial infections in diabetic patients is a serious health concern that may produce severe complications. We investigated 26 Ayurvedic medicinal plants traditionally used for treatment of the oral bacterial infections with the aim to look for new promising drug leads that can be further employed for herbal formulation design. The plants were grouped into three categories based on traditional usage. All plant extracts were examined for antibacterial, antibiofilm and antiquorum-sensing properties. The plants with significant activities including Juglans regia, Syzygium aromaticum, Eruca sativa, Myristica fragrans, Punica granatum and Azadirachta indica were further analyzed using HPLC-DAD-QToF and GC-MS. In silico and in vitro activity was evaluated for selected constituents. Finally, it could be concluded that eugenol and 2-phenylethylisothiocyanate are major contributors towards inhibition of bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rafey
- NPRL, Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (A.R.); (A.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Adnan Amin
- NPRL, Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (A.R.); (A.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- NPRL, Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (A.R.); (A.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Uzma Haroon
- Department of Dentistry, D.H.Q Teaching Hospital, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Kainat Farooq
- Sardar Begum Dental College, Ghandhara University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium;
- Correspondence:
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Hirose M, Aung MS, Fukuda A, Yahata S, Fujita Y, Saitoh M, Hirose Y, Urushibara N, Kobayashi N. Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Epidemiological Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant and Susceptible Staphylococcal Isolates from Oral Cavity of Dental Patients and Staff in Northern Japan. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111316. [PMID: 34827254 PMCID: PMC8615198 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of drug resistance and virulence by staphylococcal species colonizing humans is a growing public health concern. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and genetic characteristics of Staphylococcus isolates from the oral cavity and skin (hand) of systemically healthy subjects with dental disease and dental staff in northern Japan. Among a total of 133 subjects (91 patients and 42 staff), 87 coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (83 S. aureus/4 S. argenteus) and 162 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) isolates were recovered from 59 (44.4%) and 95 (71.4%) subjects, respectively. Three oral isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (3.6%, 3/83) that were genotyped as ST8-SCCmec-IVl, ST4775(CC1)-SCCmec-IVa and ST6562(CC8)-SCCmec-IVa. Remarkably, the ST6562 isolate harbored PVL genes on ΦSa2usa and type I ACME (arginine catabolic mobile element). Four methicillin-susceptible isolates were identified as S. argenteus belonging to ST1223 and ST2250, which harbored enterotoxin genes egc-2 and sey, respectively. Among the fourteen CoNS species identified, methicillin-resistant (MR) isolates were detected in five species (11 isolates, 13.3% of CoNS), with S. saprophyticus and S. haemolyticus being the most common. ACME was prevalent in only S. epidermidis and S. capitis. These findings indicated the potential distribution of USA300 clone-like MRSA, toxigenic S. argenteus and MR-CoNS in the oral cavity of dental patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Hirose
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan; (M.H.); (A.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Meiji Soe Aung
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.U.); (N.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-611-2111
| | - Atsushi Fukuda
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan; (M.H.); (A.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Shoko Yahata
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan; (M.H.); (A.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yusuke Fujita
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan; (M.H.); (A.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Masato Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan; (M.H.); (A.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yukito Hirose
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu 061-0293, Japan;
| | - Noriko Urushibara
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Nobumichi Kobayashi
- Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; (N.U.); (N.K.)
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12
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Kinnevey PM, Kearney A, Shore AC, Earls MR, Brennan G, Poovelikunnel TT, Humphreys H, Coleman DC. Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission among healthcare workers, patients and the environment in a large acute hospital under non-outbreak conditions investigated using whole-genome sequencing. J Hosp Infect 2021; 118:99-107. [PMID: 34428508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization of healthcare workers (HCWs), patients and the hospital environment in MRSA transmission in non-outbreak settings is poorly understood. AIMS To investigate transmission events (TEs) involving HCWs, patients and the environment under non-outbreak conditions in a hospital with a history of endemic MRSA using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). METHODS HCW (N = 326) and patient (N = 388) volunteers on nine wards were tested for nasal and oral MRSA colonization over two years. Near-patient environment (N = 1164), high-frequency touch sites (N = 810) and air (N = 445) samples were screened for MRSA. Representative MRSA and clinical isolates were analysed by WGS and core-genome multi-locus sequence typing (cgMLST). Closely related isolates (≤24 allelic differences) were segregated into related isolated groups (RIGs). FINDINGS In total, 155 MRSA were recovered: clinical isolates (N = 41), HCWs (N = 22), patients (N = 37), environmental isolates (N = 55). Nine clonal complexes (CCs) were identified among 110/155 MRSA sequenced with 77/110 assigned to CC22. Seventy-nine MRSA segregated into 17 RIGs. Numerous potential TEs were associated with CC22-MRSA (RIGs 1-15), CC45-MRSA (RIG-16) and CC8-MRSA (RIG-17). RIG-1, (the largest RIG) contained 24 ST22-MRSA-IVh from six HCWs, six patients, four clinical and eight environmental samples recovered over 17 months involving 7/9 wards. TEs involving HCW-to-patient, HCW-to-HCW, patient-to-patient and environmental contamination by HCW/patient isolates were evident. HCW, patient, clinical and environmental isolates were identified in four, nine, seven and 13 RIGs, respectively, with 12/13 of these containing isolates closely related to HCW and/or patient isolates. CONCLUSIONS WGS detected numerous potential hospital MRSA TEs involving HCWs, patients and the environment under non-outbreak conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Kinnevey
- Microbiology Research Unit, Division of Oral Biosciences, Dublin Dental University Hospital, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Kearney
- Microbiology Research Unit, Division of Oral Biosciences, Dublin Dental University Hospital, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A C Shore
- Microbiology Research Unit, Division of Oral Biosciences, Dublin Dental University Hospital, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M R Earls
- Microbiology Research Unit, Division of Oral Biosciences, Dublin Dental University Hospital, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Brennan
- National MRSA Reference Laboratory, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T T Poovelikunnel
- Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland
| | - H Humphreys
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland; Department of Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D C Coleman
- Microbiology Research Unit, Division of Oral Biosciences, Dublin Dental University Hospital, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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