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Maiworm M. The relevance of BDNF for neuroprotection and neuroplasticity in multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1385042. [PMID: 39148705 PMCID: PMC11325594 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1385042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroplasticity as a mechanism to overcome central nervous system injury resulting from different neurological diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years. However, deficiency of these repair mechanisms leads to the accumulation of neuronal damage and therefore long-term disability. To date, the mechanisms by which remyelination occurs and why the extent of remyelination differs interindividually between multiple sclerosis patients regardless of the disease course are unclear. A member of the neurotrophins family, the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has received particular attention in this context as it is thought to play a central role in remyelination and thus neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, and memory. Objective To analyse the current literature regarding BDNF in different areas of multiple sclerosis and to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge in this field. Conclusion To date, studies assessing the role of BDNF in patients with multiple sclerosis remain inconclusive. However, there is emerging evidence for a beneficial effect of BDNF in multiple sclerosis, as studies reporting positive effects on clinical as well as MRI characteristics outweighed studies assuming detrimental effects of BDNF. Furthermore, studies regarding the Val66Met polymorphism have not conclusively determined whether this is a protective or harmful factor in multiple sclerosis, but again most studies hypothesized a protective effect through modulation of BDNF secretion and anti-inflammatory effects with different effects in healthy controls and patients with multiple sclerosis, possibly due to the pro-inflammatory milieu in patients with multiple sclerosis. Further studies with larger cohorts and longitudinal follow-ups are needed to improve our understanding of the effects of BDNF in the central nervous system, especially in the context of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Maiworm
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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2
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Wuzi Yanzong Pill relieves CPZ-induced demyelination by improving the microenvironment in the brain. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12277. [PMID: 36578409 PMCID: PMC9791345 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacology relevance Wuzi Yanzong Pill (WYP), a well-known prescription for invigorating the kidney and essence, which is widely used to treat infertility such as oligoasthenospermia. Studies have shown that WYP can be used to treat neurological diseases, but its therapeutic effects and mechanisms for multiple sclerosis (MS) remain unclear. Aim of the study Based on the establishment of Cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination model, this study determined the effect of WYP on remyelination by detecting changes in the microenvironment of the central nervous system. Materials and methods C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups. The CPZ group and CPZ + WYP group were fed with 0.2% CPZ feed, and the control group was fed normal feed, for 6 weeks. At the end of the second week, the CPZ + WYP group was gavaged with WYP solution (16 g/kg/d), and the other two groups were gavaged with normal saline twice a day with an interval of 12 h each time, for 4 weeks. Forced swimming and elevated plus maze were used to detect changes in anxiety and depression before and after treatment. Luxol fast blue staining and the expression of MBP were used to evaluate the demyelination of the brain. Western blot was used to detect the expression of microglia and their subtype markers Iba-1, Arg-1, iNOS, the expression of neurotrophic factors BDNF, GDNF, CNTF, and the expression of oligodendrocyte precursor cells NG2. ELISA detected the content of IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, TGF-β, BDNF, GDNF, CNTF in the brain. The distribution of Iba-1 in the corpus callosum was observed by immunofluorescence. Results The results showed that on the basis of improving mood abnormalities and demyelination, WYP reduced the protein content of Iba-1 and iNOS, increased the protein content of Arg-1, and reduce accumulation of microglia in the corpus callosum. In addition, WYP reduced the secretion of IL-6 and IL-1β while promoting the secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β. After WYP intervention treatment, the levels of neurotrophic factors BDNF, GDNF, CNTF increased. Due to the improvement of inflammatory and nutritional environment in the CNS, promoting the proliferation of NG2 oligodendrocyte, increased the expression of MBP, and repairing myelin sheath. Conclusion Our results indicated that WYP promoted the proliferation and development of oligodendrocytes by improving the CNS microenvironment, effectively alleviating demyelination.
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Colamatteo A, Maggioli E, Azevedo Loiola R, Hamid Sheikh M, Calì G, Bruzzese D, Maniscalco GT, Centonze D, Buttari F, Lanzillo R, Perna F, Zuccarelli B, Mottola M, Cassano S, Galgani M, Solito E, De Rosa V. Reduced Annexin A1 Expression Associates with Disease Severity and Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:1753-1765. [PMID: 31462505 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is a key pathological hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS) that suggests that resolution of inflammation by specialized proresolving molecules is dysregulated in the disease. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is a protein induced by glucocorticoids that facilitates resolution of inflammation through several mechanisms that include an inhibition of leukocyte recruitment and activation. In this study, we investigated the ability of ANXA1 to influence T cell effector function in relapsing/remitting MS (RRMS), an autoimmune disease sustained by proinflammatory Th1/Th17 cells. Circulating expression levels of ANXA1 in naive-to-treatment RRMS subjects inversely correlated with disease score and progression. At the cellular level, there was an impaired ANXA1 production by CD4+CD25- conventional T and CD4+RORγt+ T (Th17) cells from RRMS subjects that associated with an increased migratory capacity in an in vitro model of blood brain barrier. Mechanistically, ANXA1 impaired monocyte maturation secondarily to STAT3 hyperactivation and potently reduced T cell activation, proliferation, and glycolysis. Together, these findings identify impaired disease resolution pathways in RRMS caused by dysregulated ANXA1 expression that could represent new potential therapeutic targets in RRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Colamatteo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Maggioli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, United Kingdom
| | - Rodrigo Azevedo Loiola
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, United Kingdom
| | - Madeeha Hamid Sheikh
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaetano Calì
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Teresa Maniscalco
- Dipartimento di Neurologia, Centro Regionale Sclerosi Multipla, Azienda Ospedaliera "A. Cardarelli," 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Roberta Lanzillo
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Perna
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Zuccarelli
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Medicina Trasfusionale, Azienda Ospedaliera Specialistica dei Colli Monaldi-Cotugno, Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico, 80131 Naples, Italy; and
| | - Maria Mottola
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Medicina Trasfusionale, Azienda Ospedaliera Specialistica dei Colli Monaldi-Cotugno, Centro Traumatologico Ortopedico, 80131 Naples, Italy; and
| | - Silvana Cassano
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Galgani
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Egle Solito
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," 80131 Naples, Italy; .,William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, United Kingdom
| | - Veronica De Rosa
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale "G. Salvatore," Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80131 Naples, Italy; .,Unità di NeuroImmunologia, Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
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Semkina AA, Alifirova VM, Titova MA, Maltseva AN, Abadzhyan MB. [Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in multiple sclerosis]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:28-35. [PMID: 31156238 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20191192228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The review presents data on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its structure and functions, the effect on the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis (MS). The correlation of BDNF level with clinical manifestations of MS and the changes of its level during disease-modifying therapy is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Semkina
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - M A Titova
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - A N Maltseva
- Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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5
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Scherder R, Kant N, Wolf E, Pijnenburg ACM, Scherder E. Pain and Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis. PAIN MEDICINE 2018; 18:1987-1998. [PMID: 28340237 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnw290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between pain and cognition in patients with multiple sclerosis. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Nursing home and personal environment of the investigators. Subjects Two groups of participants were included: 91 patients with multiple sclerosis and 80 matched control participants. Methods The level of pain was measured by the following pain scales: Number of Words Chosen-Affective, Colored Analogue Scale for pain intensity and suffering from pain, and the Faces Pain Scale. Mood was tested by administering the Beck Depression Inventory and the Symptom Check List-90 anxiety and depression subscale. Global cognitive functioning was assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination. Memory and executive functions were assessed by several neuropsychological tests. Results Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients scored significantly lower than control participants on the majority of the neuropsychological tests. The MS patients experienced more pain compared with control participants, despite the fact that they were taking significantly more pain medication. No significant correlation was observed between cognition and pain in MS patients. Verbal working memory explained 10% of pain intensity (trend). Mood appeared to be a significant predictor of pain in patients with multiple sclerosis. Conclusion The lack of a relationship between cognition and pain might be explained by the fact that, compared with control participants, patients with multiple sclerosis activate other non-pain-related areas to perform executive functions and memory tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scherder
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N Kant
- Nieuw Unicum, Zandvoort, The Netherlands
| | - E Wolf
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A C M Pijnenburg
- Department of Orthopaedics, Amstelland Hospital, Amstelveen, The Netherlands
| | - E Scherder
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Murta V, Ferrari C. Peripheral Inflammation and Demyelinating Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 949:263-285. [PMID: 27714694 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-40764-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, several neurodegenerative diseases have been shown to be exacerbated by systemic inflammatory processes. There is a wide range of literature that demonstrates a clear but complex relationship between the central nervous system (CNS) and the immunological system, both under naïve or pathological conditions. In diseased brains, peripheral inflammation can transform "primed" microglia into an "active" state, which can trigger stronger pathological responses. Demyelinating diseases are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by inflammatory lesions associated with demyelination, which in turn induces axonal damage, neurodegeneration, and progressive loss of function. Among them, the most important are multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). In this review, we will analyze the effect of specific peripheral inflammatory stimuli in the progression of demyelinating diseases and discuss their animal models. In most cases, peripheral immune stimuli are exacerbating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Murta
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina Ferrari
- Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Experimental, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Mokhtarzade M, Ranjbar R, Majdinasab N, Patel D, Molanouri Shamsi M. Effect of aerobic interval training on serum IL-10, TNFα, and adipokines levels in women with multiple sclerosis: possible relations with fatigue and quality of life. Endocrine 2017; 57:262-271. [PMID: 28616851 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple sclerosis is associated with immune system dysfunction and chronic inflammation; however, possible relations between immunologic and metabolic factors and some psychological indexes such as fatigue and quality of life, especially in relation to exercise training, have not yet been investigated. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of aerobic interval training on interleukin-10/tumor necrosis factor ratio and adipokine (leptin and adiponectin) concentrations in women with multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, the relationship between these factors with fatigue and quality of life were assessed. METHODS Forty women with multiple sclerosis (Expanded Disability Status Scale ≤3) were randomized into either a non-exercising control or training group. The training group performed 8-weeks of upper and lower limb aerobic interval training. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factorα, interleukin-10, leptin, and adiponectin were measured before and after the 8-week intervention. Moreover, antropometric measures and measures for fatigue and quality of life were determined at the onset of and after exercise training. RESULTS The results revealed that leptin and tumor necrosis factorα levels significantly decreased subsequent to the aerobic interval training. Although blood adiponectin levels considerably increased in the training group, interleukin-10 and interleukin-10/tumor necrosis factorα ratio underwent no substantial change after the exercise training. In addition, the aerobic interval training was associated with improvement in fatigue, quality of life, and maximal oxygen consumption. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that aerobic interval training can be an effective strategy for managing the immune system at least by its significant impact on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines levels in women with multiple sclerosis. Additionally, this positive impact improved fatigue and adipose tissue indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rouholah Ranjbar
- Department of Sport Physiology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nastaran Majdinasab
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Darpan Patel
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mehdieh Molanouri Shamsi
- Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Furber KL, Van Agten M, Evans C, Haddadi A, Doucette JR, Nazarali AJ. Advances in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: the role of pegylated interferon β-1a. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis 2017; 7:47-60. [PMID: 30050377 PMCID: PMC6053102 DOI: 10.2147/dnnd.s71986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease with unpredictable phases of relapse and remission. The cause of MS is unknown, but the pathology is characterized by infiltration of auto-reactive immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS) resulting in widespread neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Immunomodulatory-based therapies emerged in the 1990s and have been a cornerstone of disease management ever since. Interferon β (IFNβ) was the first biologic approved after demonstrating decreased relapse rates, disease activity and progression of disability in clinical trials. However, frequent dosing schedules have limited patient acceptance for long-term therapy. Pegylation, the process by which molecules of polyethylene glycol are covalently linked to a compound, has been utilized to increase the half-life of IFNβ and decrease the frequency of administration required. To date, there has been one clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of pegylated IFN. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the role of IFN in the treatment of MS and evaluate the available evidence for pegylated IFN therapy in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra L Furber
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, .,College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, .,Neuroscience Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan,
| | - Marina Van Agten
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, .,College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, .,Neuroscience Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan,
| | - Charity Evans
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, .,Cameco Multiple Sclerosis Neuroscience Research Center, City Hospital,
| | | | - J Ronald Doucette
- Neuroscience Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, .,Cameco Multiple Sclerosis Neuroscience Research Center, City Hospital, .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Adil J Nazarali
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, .,College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, .,Neuroscience Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, .,Cameco Multiple Sclerosis Neuroscience Research Center, City Hospital,
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Patejdl R, Penner IK, Noack TK, Zettl UK. Multiple sclerosis and fatigue: A review on the contribution of inflammation and immune-mediated neurodegeneration. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:210-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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10
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Giacoppo S, Galuppo M, Pollastro F, Grassi G, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. A new formulation of cannabidiol in cream shows therapeutic effects in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 23:48. [PMID: 26489494 PMCID: PMC4618347 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-015-0131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of a new formulation of alone, purified cannabidiol (CBD) (>98 %), the main non-psychotropic cannabinoid of Cannabis sativa, as a topical treatment in an experimental model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis (MS). Particularly, we evaluated whether administration of a topical 1 % CBD-cream, given at the time of symptomatic disease onset, could affect the EAE progression and if this treatment could also recover paralysis of hind limbs, qualifying topical-CBD for the symptomatic treatment of MS. Methods In order to have a preparation of 1 % of CBD-cream, pure CBD have been solubilized in propylene glycoland basic dense cream O/A. EAE was induced by immunization with myelin oligodendroglial glycoprotein peptide (MOG35–55) in C57BL/6 mice. After EAE onset, mice were allocated into several experimental groups (Naïve, EAE, EAE-1 % CBD-cream, EAE-vehicle cream, CTRL-1 % CBD-cream, CTRL-vehicle cream). Mice were observed daily for signs of EAE and weight loss. At the sacrifice of the animals, which occurred at the 28th day from EAE-induction, spinal cord and spleen tissues were collected in order to perform histological evaluation, immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis. Results Achieved results surprisingly show that daily treatment with topical 1 % CBD-cream may exert neuroprotective effects against EAE, diminishing clinical disease score (mean of 5.0 in EAE mice vs 1.5 in EAE + CBD-cream), by recovering of paralysis of hind limbs and by ameliorating histological score typical of disease (lymphocytic infiltration and demyelination) in spinal cord tissues. Also, 1 % CBD-cream is able to counteract the EAE-induced damage reducing release of CD4 and CD8α T cells (spleen tissue localization was quantified about 10,69 % and 35,96 % of positive staining respectively in EAE mice) and expression of the main pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as several other direct or indirect markers of inflammation (p-selectin, IL-10, GFAP, Foxp3, TGF-β, IFN-γ), oxidative injury (Nitrotyrosine, iNOS, PARP) and apoptosis (Cleaved caspase 3). Conclusion All these data suggest an interesting new profile of CBD that could lead to its introduction in the clinical management of MS and its associated symptoms at least in association with current conventional therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40199-015-0131-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Giacoppo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Galuppo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Grassi
- Consiglio per le Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura - Centro di Ricerca per le Colture Industriali (CRA-CIN), Viale G. Amendola 82, 45100, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy.
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Increased Serum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in Multiple Sclerosis Patients on Interferon-β and Its Impact on Functional Abilities. Neurologist 2015; 20:57-60. [DOI: 10.1097/nrl.0000000000000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Wostradowski T, Gudi V, Pul R, Gingele S, Lindquist JA, Stangel M, Lindquist S. Effect of interferon-β1b on CXCR4-dependent chemotaxis in T cells from multiple sclerosis patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2015. [PMID: 26212126 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease triggered by infiltration of activated T cells into the central nervous system. Interferon (IFN)-β is an established, safe and effective treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). The cytokine can inhibit leucocyte infiltration into the central nervous system; however, little is known about the precise molecular mechanisms. Previously, in vitro application of IFN-β1b was shown to reduce CXCL12/CXCR4-mediated monocyte migration. Here, we analysed the effects of IFN-β1b on CXCR4-dependent T cell function. In vitro exposure to IFN-β1b (1000 U/ml) for 20 h reduced CXCR4-dependent chemotaxis of primary human T cells from healthy individuals and patients with RRMS. Investigating the IFN-β1b/CXCR4 signalling pathways, we found no difference in phosphorylation of ZAP70, ERK1/2 and AKT despite an early induction of the negative regulator of G-protein signalling, RGS1 by IFN-β1b. However, CXCR4 surface expression was reduced. Quantitative real time-PCR revealed a similar reduction in CXCR4-mRNA, and the requirement of several hours' exposure to IFN-β1b supports a transcriptional regulation. Interestingly, T cells from MS patients showed a lower CXCR4 expression than T cells from healthy controls, which was not reduced further in patients under IFN-β1b therapy. Furthermore, we observed no change in CXCL12-dependent chemotaxis in RRMS patients. Our results demonstrate clearly that IFN-β1b can impair the functional response to CXCR4 by down-regulating its expression, but also points to the complex in vivo effects of IFN-β1b therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wostradowski
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - V Gudi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - R Pul
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - S Gingele
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - J A Lindquist
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Stangel
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - S Lindquist
- Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, and Neurological Rehabilitation Centre, MEDIAN Kliniken, Magdeburg, Germany
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Farrokhi M, Etemadifar M, Jafary Alavi MS, Zarkesh-Esfahani SH, Behjati M, Rezaei A, Amani-Beni A. TNF-alpha Production by Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Healthy Controls. Immunol Invest 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/08820139.2015.1059851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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14
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Giacoppo S, Galuppo M, Lombardo GE, Ulaszewska MM, Mattivi F, Bramanti P, Mazzon E, Navarra M. Neuroprotective effects of a polyphenolic white grape juice extract in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Fitoterapia 2015; 103:171-86. [PMID: 25863350 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20 years, wine phenolic compounds have received increasing interest since several epidemiological studies have suggested associations between regular consumption of moderate amount of wine and prevention of certain chronic pathologies, such as neurodegenerative diseases. This study was aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective role of a polyphenolic white grape juice extract (WGJe) in an experimental mice model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis (MS) in vivo. EAE mimics the main features of MS, including paralysis, weight loss, demyelination, central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Our study demonstrated that oral administration of WGJe (20 and 40 mg/kg/day) may exert neuroprotective effects against MS, diminishing both clinical signs and histological score typical of disease (lymphocytic infiltration and demyelination). In particular, by western blot, histological evaluations and immunolocalization of the main markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis (TNF-α, iNOS, Nitrotyrosine, PARP, Foxp3, Bcl-2, Caspase 3 and DNA fragmentation), we documented that WGJe counteracts the alteration of all these inflammatory and oxidative pathway, without any apparent sign of toxicity. On these bases, we propose this natural product as putative novel helpful tools for the prevention of autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases such as MS. WGJe could have considerable implication for future therapies of MS, and this study may represents the starting point for further investigation on the role of WGJe in neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Giacoppo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Galuppo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Enrico Lombardo
- Università degli Studi di Messina, Dipartimento di Scienze del farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Malgorzata Ulaszewska
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Dipartimento Qualità Alimentare e Nutrizione, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 - San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Dipartimento Qualità Alimentare e Nutrizione, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 - San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy.
| | - Michele Navarra
- Università degli Studi di Messina, Dipartimento di Scienze del farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
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Murta V, Farías MI, Pitossi FJ, Ferrari CC. Chronic systemic IL-1β exacerbates central neuroinflammation independently of the blood-brain barrier integrity. J Neuroimmunol 2014; 278:30-43. [PMID: 25595250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral circulating cytokines are involved in immune to brain communication and systemic inflammation is considered a risk factor for flaring up the symptoms in most neurodegenerative diseases. We induced both central inflammatory demyelinating lesion, and systemic inflammation with an interleukin-1β expressing adenovector. The peripheral pro-inflammatory stimulus aggravated the ongoing central lesion independently of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. This model allows studying the role of specific molecules and cells (neutrophils) from the innate immune system, in the relationship between central and peripheral communication, and on relapsing episodes of demyelinating lesions, along with the role of BBB integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Murta
- Laboratorio de Terapias Regenerativas y Protectoras del Sistema Nervioso, Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María Isabel Farías
- Laboratorio de Terapias Regenerativas y Protectoras del Sistema Nervioso, Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Fernando Juan Pitossi
- Laboratorio de Terapias Regenerativas y Protectoras del Sistema Nervioso, Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carina Cintia Ferrari
- Laboratorio de Terapias Regenerativas y Protectoras del Sistema Nervioso, Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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16
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Cossu D, Mameli G, Galleri G, Cocco E, Masala S, Frau J, Marrosu MG, Manetti R, Sechi LA. Human interferon regulatory factor 5 homologous epitopes of Epstein-Barr virus and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis induce a specific humoral and cellular immune response in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler 2014; 21:984-95. [PMID: 25392335 DOI: 10.1177/1352458514557304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of reports indicate the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) with multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE To gain a better understanding of the role of these two pathogens, we investigated the host response induced by selected antigenic peptides. METHODS We examined both humoral and cell-mediated responses against peptides deriving from EBV tegument protein BOLF1, the MAP_4027 and the human interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5424-434) homolog in several MS patients and healthy controls (HCs). RESULTS Antibodies against these peptides were highly prevalent in MS patients compared to HCs. Concerning MS patients, BOLF1305-320, MAP_402718-32 and IRF5424-434 peptides were able to induce mainly Th1-related cytokines secretion, whereas Th2-related cytokines were down-regulated. Flow cytometry analyses performed on a subset of MS patients highlighted that these peptides were capable of inducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines: IFN-γ and TNF-α by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes, and IL-6 and TNF-α by CD14(+) monocyte cells. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that both EBV and MAP epitopes elicit a consistent humoral response in MS patients compared to HCs, and that the aforementioned peptides are able to induce a T-cell-mediated response that is MS correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mameli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Italy
| | - Grazia Galleri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Sassari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cocco
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Italy
| | - Speranza Masala
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Italy
| | - Jessica Frau
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Marrosu
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica Medicina Clinica e Molecolare, Università di Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberto Manetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Sassari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Antonio Sechi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia e Virologia, Università di Sassari, Italy
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Ross AP, Halper J, Harris CJ. Assessing relapses and response to relapse treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis: a nursing perspective. Int J MS Care 2014; 14:148-59. [PMID: 24453746 DOI: 10.7224/1537-2073-14.3.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There are currently no assessment tools that focus on evaluating patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who are experiencing a relapse or that evaluate patients' response to acute relapse treatment. In practice, assessments are often subjective, potentially resulting in overlooked symptoms, unaddressed patient concerns, unnoticed or underrecognized side effects of therapies (both disease modifying and symptomatic), and suboptimal therapeutic response. Systematic evaluation of specific symptoms and potential side effects can minimize the likelihood of overlooking important information. However, given the number of potential symptoms and adverse events that patients may experience, an exhaustive evaluation can be time-consuming. Clinicians are thus challenged to balance thoroughness with brevity. A need exists for a brief but comprehensive objective assessment tool that can be used in practice to 1) help clinicians assess patients when they present with symptoms of a relapse, and 2) evaluate outcomes of acute management. A working group of expert nurses convened to discuss recognition and management of relapses. In this article, we review data related to recognition and management of relapses, discuss practical challenges, and describe the development of an assessment questionnaire that evaluates relapse symptoms, the impact of symptoms on the patient, and the effectiveness and tolerability of acute treatment. The questionnaire is designed to be appropriate for use in MS specialty clinics, general neurology practices, or other practice settings and can be administered by nurses, physicians, other clinicians, or patients (self-evaluation). The relapse assessment questionnaire is currently being piloted in a number of practice settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Perrin Ross
- Department of Neurosciences, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA (APR); Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers, Hackensack, NJ, USA (JH); and Department of Clinical Neurosciences-Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada (CJH)
| | - June Halper
- Department of Neurosciences, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA (APR); Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers, Hackensack, NJ, USA (JH); and Department of Clinical Neurosciences-Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada (CJH)
| | - Colleen J Harris
- Department of Neurosciences, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA (APR); Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers, Hackensack, NJ, USA (JH); and Department of Clinical Neurosciences-Multiple Sclerosis Clinic, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada (CJH)
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Fauchais AL, Lise MC, Marget P, Lapeybie FX, Bezanahary H, Martel C, Dumonteil S, Sparsa A, Lalloué F, Ly K, Essig M, Vidal E, Jauberteau MO. Serum and lymphocytic neurotrophins profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79414. [PMID: 24223945 PMCID: PMC3815153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotrophins play a central role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system. However, neurotrophins can also modulate B and T cell proliferation and activation, especially via autocrine loops. We hypothesized that both serum and lymphocytic neurotrophin levels may be deregulated in systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) and may reflect clinical symptoms of the disease. METHODS Neurotrophins in the serum (ELISA tests) and lymphocytes (flow cytometry) were measured in 26 SLE patients and 26 control subjects. Th1 (interferon-γ) and Th2 (IL-10) profiles and serum concentration of BAFF were assessed by ELISA in the SLE and control subjects. FINDINGS We have demonstrated that both NGF and BDNF serum levels are higher in SLE patients than healthy controls (p=0.003 and p<0.001), independently of Th1 or Th2 profiles. Enhanced serum NT-3 levels (p=0.003) were only found in severe lupus flares (i.e. SLEDAI ≥ 10) and significantly correlated with complement activation (decreased CH 50, Γ=-0.28, p=0.03). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between serum NGF levels and the number of circulating T regulatory cells (Γ=0.48, p=0.01). In circulating B cells, production of both NGF and BDNF was greater in SLE patients than in healthy controls. In particular, the number of NGF-secreting B cells correlated with decreased complement levels (p=0.05). One month after SLE flare treatment, BDNF levels decreased; in contrast, NGF and NT-3 levels remained unchanged. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that serum and B cell levels of both NGF and BDNF are increased in SLE, suggesting that the neurotrophin production pathway is deregulated in this disease. These results must be confirmed in a larger study with naive SLE patients, in order to avoid the potential confounding influence of prior immune-modulating treatments on neurotrophin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Fauchais
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Marie-Claude Lise
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Pierre Marget
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - François-Xavier Lapeybie
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Holy Bezanahary
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Clothilde Martel
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Stéphanie Dumonteil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Agnès Sparsa
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
- Department of Dermatology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Fabrice Lalloué
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Kim Ly
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Marie Essig
- Department of Nephrology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Elisabeth Vidal
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Marie-Odile Jauberteau
- Limoges University Hospital, Equipe Accueil 3842-Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Fr GEIST, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
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Subcutaneous interferon β-1a may protect against cognitive impairment in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 5-year follow-up of the COGIMUS study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74111. [PMID: 24137499 PMCID: PMC3796707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of subcutaneous (sc) interferon (IFN) -1a on cognition over 5 years in mildly disabled patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). METHODS Patients aged 18-50 years with RRMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale score ≤4.0) who had completed the 3-year COGIMUS study underwent standardized magnetic resonance imaging, neurological examination, and neuropsychological testing at years 4 and 5. Predictors of cognitive impairment at year 5 were identified using multivariate analysis. RESULTS Of 331 patients who completed the 3-year COGIMUS study, 265 participated in the 2-year extension study, 201 of whom (75.8%; sc IFN β-1a three times weekly: 44 µg, n = 108; 22 µg, n = 93) completed 5 years' follow-up. The proportion of patients with cognitive impairment in the study population overall remained stable between baseline (18.0%) and year 5 (22.6%). The proportion of patients with cognitive impairment also remained stable in both treatment groups between baseline and year 5, and between year 3 and year 5. However, a significantly higher proportion of men than women had cognitive impairment at year 5 (26.5% vs 14.4%, p = 0.046). Treatment with the 22 versus 44 µg dose was predictive of cognitive impairment at year 5 (hazard ratio 0.68; 95% confidence interval 0.48-0.97). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that sc IFN β-1a dose-dependently stabilizes or delays cognitive impairment over a 5-year period in most patients with mild RRMS. Women seem to be more protected against developing cognitive impairment, which may indicate greater response to therapy or the inherently better prognosis associated with female sex in MS.
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20
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Efficacy of fish oil on serum of TNF α , IL-1 β , and IL-6 oxidative stress markers in multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta-1b. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:709493. [PMID: 23861993 PMCID: PMC3703725 DOI: 10.1155/2013/709493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which leads to focal plaques of demyelination and tissue injury in the central nervous system. Oxidative stress is also thought to promote tissue damage in multiple sclerosis. Current research findings suggest that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapenta-enoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contained in fish oil may have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the efficacy of fish oil supplementation on serum proinflammatory cytokine levels, oxidative stress markers, and disease progression in MS. 50 patients with relapsing-remitting MS were enrolled. The experimental group received orally 4 g/day of fish oil for 12 months. The primary outcome was serum TNFα levels; secondary outcomes were IL-1β 1b, IL-6, nitric oxide catabolites, lipoperoxides, progression on the expanded disability status scale (EDSS), and annualized relapses rate (ARR). Fish oil treatment decreased the serum levels of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and nitric oxide metabolites compared with placebo group (P ≤ 0.001). There was no significant difference in serum lipoperoxide levels during the study. No differences in EDSS and ARR were found. Conclusion. Fish oil supplementation is highly effective in reducing the levels of cytokines and nitric oxide catabolites in patients with relapsing-remitting MS.
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21
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CXCL12-γ expression is inhibited in neuroinflammation. Brain Res 2013; 1519:120-6. [PMID: 23651977 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CXCL12 plays a protective role in CNS autoimmunity. Expression of CXCL12-γ, which has distinct structural and functional properties than the other isoforms of CXCL12, was determined in spinal cords of rats immunized to develop experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). CNS expression of CXCL12-γ was markedly lower in EAE-prone Dark Agouti rats than in EAE-resistant Albino Oxford rats, both in spinal cord homogenates and micro-blood vessels isolated from spinal cords. Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in DA rats upregulated, while donation of NO in AO rats downregulated CNS expression of CXCL12-γ. NO inhibited CXCL12-γ expression in astrocytes in vitro. A splice variant of CXCL12-γ which migrates into nucleolus was not detected in spinal cord or astrocytes. Thus, CXCL12-γ is expressed in the CNS after EAE induction, but its expression is markedly suppressed in spinal cord affected with full blown inflammation. NO is an important regulator of CXCL12-γ expression in neuroinflammation.
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Murta V, Ferrari CC. Influence of Peripheral inflammation on the progression of multiple sclerosis: Evidence from the clinic and experimental animal models. Mol Cell Neurosci 2013; 53:6-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Murta V, Pitossi FJ, Ferrari CC. CNS response to a second pro-inflammatory event depends on whether the primary demyelinating lesion is active or resolved. Brain Behav Immun 2012; 26:1102-15. [PMID: 22824737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is considered to be one of the most important mediators in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, particularly in neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination and remyelination events, with unpredictable relapsing and remitting episodes that seldom worsen MS lesions. We proposed to study the effect of a unique component of the inflammatory process, IL-1β, and evaluate its effect in repeated episodes, similar to the relapsing-remitting MS pathology. Using adenoviral vectors, we developed a model of focal demyelination/remyelination triggered by the chronic expression of IL-1β. The long-term expression of IL-1β in the striatum produced blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, demyelination, microglial/macrophage activation, and neutrophil infiltration but no overt neuronal degeneration. This demyelinating process was followed by complete remyelination of the area. This simple model allows us to study demyelination and remyelination independently of the autoimmune and adaptive immune components. Re-exposure to this cytokine when the first inflammatory response was still unresolved generated a lesion with decreased neuroinflammation, demyelination, axonal injury and glial response. However, a second long-term expression of IL-1β when the first lesion was resolved could not be differentiated from the first event. In this study, we demonstrated that the response to a second inflammatory stimulus varies depending on whether the initial lesion is still active or has been resolved. Considering that anti-inflammatory treatments have shown little improvement in MS patients, studies about the behavior of specific components of the inflammatory process should be taken into account to develop new therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Murta
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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24
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Dhib-Jalbut S, Sumandeep S, Valenzuela R, Ito K, Patel P, Rametta M. Immune response during interferon beta-1b treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis who experienced relapses and those who were relapse-free in the START study. J Neuroimmunol 2012; 254:131-40. [PMID: 22999187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2012.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We measured immune markers in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with IFNβ-1b for 12 months. IL-17 levels were significantly higher at Month 6 (p=0.036) in relapsing subjects while BDNF levels were significantly higher at Month 3 (p=0.028) in relapse-free subjects. Change from baseline in IL-4 levels inversely correlated with disability score whereas change from baseline in IL-10/IFN-gamma ratio inversely correlated with occurrence of relapses. CXCR3+CD8+ T-cells tended to be higher but declined with treatment in relapse-free compared with relapsing subjects. Findings show the potential of cytokine and neurotrophic factors as biomarkers of clinical response to IFNβ-1b.
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25
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Patti F. Treatment of cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012; 21:1679-99. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.716036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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26
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Kreutzer M, Seehusen F, Kreutzer R, Pringproa K, Kummerfeld M, Claus P, Deschl U, Kalkul A, Beineke A, Baumgärtner W, Ulrich R. Axonopathy is associated with complex axonal transport defects in a model of multiple sclerosis. Brain Pathol 2012; 22:454-71. [PMID: 21988534 PMCID: PMC8092950 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2011.00541.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease characterized by myelin and axonal pathology. In a viral model of MS, we tested whether axonopathy initiation and development are based on an impaired transport of neurofilaments. Spinal cords of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV)-infected and mock-infected mice and TMEV infected neuroblastoma N1E-115 cells were analyzed by microarray analysis, light microscopy and electron and laser confocal microscopy. In vivo axonal accumulation of non-phosphorylated neurofilaments after TMEV infection revealed a temporal development caused by the impairments of the axonal traffic consisting of the downregulation of kinesin family member 5A, dynein cytoplasmic heavy chain 1, tau-1 and β-tubulin III expression. In addition, alterations of the protein metabolism were also noticed. In vitro, the TMEV-infected N1E-115 cells developed tandem-repeated swellings similar to in vivo alterations. Furthermore, the hypothesis of an underlying axonal self-destruction program involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide depletion was supported by molecular findings. The obtained data indicate that neurofilament accumulation in TME is mainly the result of dysregulation of their axonal transport machinery and impairment of neurofilament phosphorylation and protein metabolism. The present findings allow a more precise understanding of the complex interactions responsible for initiation and development of axonopathies in inflammatory degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Kreutzer
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frauke Seehusen
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Kreutzer
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kidsadagorn Pringproa
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren Kummerfeld
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Claus
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Deschl
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH&Co KG, Department of Non‐Clinical Drug Safety, Biberach (Riß), Germany
| | - Arno Kalkul
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH&Co KG, Department of Non‐Clinical Drug Safety, Biberach (Riß), Germany
| | - Andreas Beineke
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reiner Ulrich
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany
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Polymorphisms of the BDNF gene show neither association with multiple sclerosis susceptibility nor clinical course. J Neuroimmunol 2012; 244:107-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2012.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Katz Sand IB, Krieger S. Emerging strategies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. FUTURE NEUROLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.2217/fnl.12.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite extraordinary advances in the field of neuroimmunology, ideal treatment for patients with multiple sclerosis remains an unmet need. Existing treatments are only partially effective in preventing multiple sclerosis relapses, have a limited impact on the accrual of disability, have not been effective in progressive forms of the disease, and treatment remains preventive rather than restorative. This review provides an overview of emerging therapies and targets, and incorporates strategies for two different approaches to multiple sclerosis: prevention, through immune modulation; and repair, through neuroprotection and remyelination. Agents at all stages of development, from late-stage clinical trials of BG-12, teriflunomide, alemtuzumab, daclizumab and anti-CD20 agents, to novel approaches in preclinical testing, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana B Katz Sand
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 5 East 98th Street, Box 1138, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Stephen Krieger
- Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 5 East 98th Street, Box 1138, New York, NY, 10029, USA
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Filippini G, Brusaferri F, Sibley WA, Citterio A, Ciucci G, Midgard R, Candelise L. Corticosteroids or ACTH for acute exacerbations in multiple sclerosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000; 2013:CD001331. [PMID: 11034713 PMCID: PMC11391333 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd001331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corticosteroids are often used to improve the rate of recovery from acute exacerbation in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. However, it is still unclear just how relatively effective these agents are and the type of drug, optimal dose, frequency, duration of treatment and route of administration are unknown. OBJECTIVES The object of this review was to determine the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids or ACTH in reducing the short and long term morbidity from MS. Moreover, we wished to examine from indirect comparisons if the effect of corticosteroids is different according to different doses and drugs, routes of administration, length of treatment. SEARCH STRATEGY A search strategy developed for the Cochrane MS Group (last searched: June 1999) completed with handsearching and personal contacts with trialists and pharmaceutical companies was used. SELECTION CRITERIA All randomised, double-blind, unconfounded trials comparing corticosteroids or ACTH to placebo in patients with MS, treated for acute exacerbations, without any age or severity restrictions, were evaluated. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently selected articles for inclusion, assessed trials' quality and extracted the data. A third reviewer cross-checked them and disagreements were resolved by a joint discussion. MAIN RESULTS Six trials contributed to this review; a total of 377 participants (199 treatment, 178 placebo) were randomised. The drugs analysed were methylprednisolone (MP) (four trials, 140 patients) and ACTH (two trials, 237 patients). Overall, MP or ACTH showed a protective effect against the disease getting worse or stable within the first five weeks of treatment (odds ratio[OR]=0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24-0.57) with some but non significant greater effect for MP and intravenous administration. Short (five days) or long (15 days) duration of treatment with MP did not show any significant difference. Only one study (with 51 patients) reported data after one year of follow-up: no difference between oral MP and placebo in the prevention of new exacerbations or improvement in long term disability was detected. No data are available beyond one year of follow-up to indicate whether steroids or ACTH have any effect on long-term progression. One study reported that a short term treatment with high dose intravenous MP was not attended by adverse events. On the contrary, gastrointestinal symptoms and psychic disorders were significantly more common in the oral, high-dose MP than in the placebo group. Weight gain and edema were significantly more frequent in the ACTH group than in controls. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS We found evidence favouring the corticosteroid MP for acute exacerbation in MS patients. Data are insufficient to reliably estimate effect of corticosteroids on prevention of new exacerbations and reduction of long-term disability. Studies assessing long term risk/benefit and adverse effects of corticosteroids in MS patients are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Filippini
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Istituto Nazionale Neurologico C. Besta, Via Celoria, 11, Milan, Italy, 20133.
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