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Xu Y, Ni Y, Yang J, Wu J, Lin Y, Li J, Zeng W, Zeng Y, Huang D, Wu X, Shao J, Li Q, Zhu Z. The relationship between the psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a model of conditioned processes mediated by negative emotions and moderated by deliberate rumination. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:357. [PMID: 38890704 PMCID: PMC11186135 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic has attracted the attention of researchers. For the present study researchers constructed a mediation model to explore the relationship between psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth, the mediating role of negative emotions and the moderating role of deliberate rumination in students. METHODS The Psychological Resilience Scale, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Event Related Rumination Inventory were used in a survey of 881 college students. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 and the PROCESS plugin (version 3.3). RESULTS (1) Psychological resilience is positively related with post-traumatic growth. Deliberate rumination is positively related to psychological resilience, posttraumatic growth, and negative emotions. Psychological resilience, post-traumatic growth and negative emotions are negatively related. (2) Negative emotions mediated the relationship between psychological resilience and post-traumatic growth. (3) Deliberate rumination plays a moderating role in psychological resilience affecting negative emotions. Deliberate rumination plays a moderating role in the extent to which psychological resilience influences PTG through negative emotions. CONCLUSIONS Psychological resilience affects post-traumatic growth directly and also indirectly through negative emotions. With the increase of mental resilience, the level of negative emotion tended to decrease. When individuals are experiencing negative emotions, high levels of active rumination are more likely to promote post-traumatic growth. This study helps to explore the factors affecting the mental health of college students during the epidemic, thus providing guidance for appropriate mental health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Xu
- School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yonghui Ni
- School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiayan Yang
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yating Lin
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jialu Li
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Yuqing Zeng
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongtao Huang
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xingrou Wu
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jinlian Shao
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Geography, South China Normal University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ziqi Zhu
- Office of International Cooperation and Exchange, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
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Ge D. Relationship between the presence of meaning in life and sleep quality: A moderated chain-mediation model. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241249236. [PMID: 38725268 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241249236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a vital component of health; however, sleep issues are particularly prominent among college students. Identifying protective factors for sleep among college students is of paramount importance. To investigate the mechanisms behind the association between the presence of meaning in life (PML) and sleep quality, we conducted two questionnaire surveys (separated by an interval of 6 months) with 5660 college students to collect longitudinal data. The results show that PML predicted sleep quality and that this relationship was influenced by the mediating effect of depression and the chain mediating effect of coping style and depression; further, the search for meaning in life played a moderating role in the chain mediation model. This study offers new theoretical perspectives on the protective factors of sleep quality and provides empirical insights useful for improving sleep health among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ge
- Nanjing Institute of Technology, China
- Nanjing Normal University, China
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Weiss-Dagan S, Taubman-Ben-Ari O. Perceived stress and personal growth following the transition to military service: The role of sense of coherence and perceived social support. Stress Health 2024:e3406. [PMID: 38646939 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Relying on personal growth and structuration theories, we aimed to examine the internal (sense of coherence/SOC and help-seeking/HS) and external (perceived social support) resources that contribute to soldiers' personal growth following the transition to military service. We also investigated the role that perceived social support plays in moderating the relationship between SOC and personal growth, and between HS and personal growth. Two-hundred-and-seventy-one compulsory service soldiers (of whom 135 were men and 136 were women) completed self-report questionnaires between 6 and 12 months post-recruitment. The results showed both linear and curvilinear associations between soldiers' perceived stress and personal growth; SOC, HS, and perceived social support were positively correlated with personal growth; and perceived social support moderated both SOC and HS correlations with personal growth. Empirical evidence of personal growth in the transition to military service has been scant. Transitioning from civilian life to military service can be stressful and even traumatic but it can also provide opportunities for personal development. Our findings shed light on contributors to personal growth in the transition to military service, with both internal and external resources found to help one gain personal growth. It is evident that in order for soldiers to thrive, both perceived social support and active help-seeking are key factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomit Weiss-Dagan
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Orit Taubman-Ben-Ari
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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Li Z, Li Q. How Social Support Affects Resilience in Disadvantaged Students: The Chain-Mediating Roles of School Belonging and Emotional Experience. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:114. [PMID: 38392467 PMCID: PMC10886063 DOI: 10.3390/bs14020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to utilize data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2018, conducted in four provinces and cities in China, to investigate the impact of social support on the resilience of disadvantaged students. It specifically focuses on the chain-mediated effects of school belonging and emotional experiences. To achieve this, the study selected 2997 disadvantaged students as participants and employed path analysis to examine the mediating effects. The results indicate that teacher support, parental support, school belonging, and positive emotional experiences significantly positively influence the resilience of disadvantaged students, while fear of failure significantly negatively affects resilience. Additionally, teacher and parental support indirectly impact the resilience of disadvantaged students through the chain-mediated effects of school belonging and positive emotional experiences. Similarly, teacher and parental support also influence the resilience of disadvantaged students through the chain-mediated effects of school belonging and fear of failure. To enhance the resilience development of disadvantaged students, it is recommended that teachers and parents provide active attention and support to these students. Simultaneously, there should be increased focus on the psychological well-being of disadvantaged students by strengthening their mental health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Li
- Center for Teacher Education Research, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Center for Teacher Education Research, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Xining 810016, China
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Tu Z, He J, Wang Z, Song M, Tian J, Wang C, Ba J, Shen X. Psychometric properties of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale in Chinese military personnel. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1163382. [PMID: 37599761 PMCID: PMC10437071 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1163382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) is a widely used assessment of resilience. However, psychometric properties of the Chinese version of CD-RISC-10 have not been well investigated in a Chinese military personnel sample. Methods A total of 3,129 Chinese military personnel completed the CD-RISC-10, Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Among them, 528 recruits completed the CD-RISC-10, SAS, and SDS again after 3-month basic military training (BMT). Meanwhile, the commanding officers were asked to rate recruits' training performance on the training performance rating scale for recruits (TPRS). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was implemented to examine the single-factor model of the CD-RISC-10, and multigroup CFA was conducted to test measurement invariance across military rank (officers vs. enlisted), gender (male vs. female), and time (before and after 3-month BMT). Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω, and test-retest reliability was tested using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The criterion-related validity of CD-RISC was evaluated using Pearson's correlation analysis between the CD-RISC-10 total score and SAS scores, SDS scores, and training performance ratings. Results The single-factor model of the CD-RISC-10 showed adequate fit (CFI = 0.955-0.970, TLI = 0.943-0.962, RMSEA = 0.059-0.072) in all examined subsamples (male, female, officer, and enlisted), and strict invariance was also supported across military rank, gender, and time (ΔCFI ≤ 0.001, ΔTLI ≤ 0.005, ΔRMSEA ≤ 0.006). The CD-RISC-10 showed good internal consistency in all subsamples (Cronbach's α of > 0.93 and McDonald's ω of > 0.93) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.88). Moreover, concurrent and predictive validity with the SAS and SDS scores were good (r = -0.68 to -0.49, p < 0.001). The resilience level of recruits at the beginning of BMT was significantly associated with training performance rated by supervisors after training (r = 0.29, p < 0.001). Conclusion The psychometric evidence reported in this study suggests that the CD-RISC-10 is a reliable and valid assessment of resilience and a potential predictor for mental health and military performance in Chinese military personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Tu
- Navy Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jingwen He
- Department of Medical Psychology, No. 96110 Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- Navy Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfang Song
- Navy Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianquan Tian
- Navy Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Navy Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Ba
- Navy Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghua Shen
- Navy Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Yakobi M, Dekel R, Yavnai N, Ben Yehuda A, Shelef L. Contributing Factors to Israeli Soldiers' Adaptation to Military Noncombat Positions. Mil Med 2023; 188:e1981-e1989. [PMID: 36106492 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usac268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adjusting to a military environment is a complex process, with unique demands and various stressors placed on conscripts. In this study, we examined the unique and combined contribution of the independent variables that constitute an individual soldier's personal resources-the meaningfulness of the military role and the match between expectations and the job itself; cognitive flexibility; social support; and seeking help from a mental health officer (MHO)-to the adaptation (dependent variable) of noncombat soldiers to military service. METHOD The study group comprised 200 Israel Defense Forces noncombat soldiers aged 18-23 years (Meanage = 20.046 years, SD = 0.951). Of them, 107 (53.3%) had consulted a MHO. The remaining soldiers who had not consulted an MHO (n = 93, 46.5%) served as the comparison group. Research tools included the work and meaning questionnaire, the Cognitive Flexibility Scale, the Medical Outcomes Study (social support) questionnaire, and adaptation to the army questionnaire. RESULTS Adaptation to service was found to relate positively to the meaningfulness of the military role, cognitive flexibility, and social support. Social support partially mediated the relation between cognitive flexibility and adaptation to service. Additionally, soldiers who had consulted an MHO had lower levels of cognitive flexibility and social support, and they adapted less well to service compared to the comparison group. CONCLUSIONS The study indicates that soldiers who seek help have lower resources. Additional personal and environmental variables that contribute to the adjustment of soldiers in noncombat positions were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Yakobi
- Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Rachel Dekel
- Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Nirit Yavnai
- Israel Defense Forces, Medical Corps, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel
| | - Ariel Ben Yehuda
- Department of Health and Well-Being, IDF's Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel
| | - Leah Shelef
- Department of Health and Well-Being, IDF's Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel
- Department of Military Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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Wu C, Hou G, Lin Y, Sa Z, Yan J, Zhang X, Liang Y, Yang K, Zhang Y, Lang H. Exploring links between Chinese military recruits' psychological stress and coping style from the person-environment fit perspective: The chain mediating effect of self-efficacy and social support. Front Psychol 2022; 13:996865. [PMID: 36405197 PMCID: PMC9673819 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.996865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The choice of coping style of recruits under psychological stress in the process of military task execution has been an important topic in the promotion of military operations and cohesion of military forces. Taking a positive coping style under psychological stress can help recruits overcome the negative effects of stress and improve military morale and group combat effectiveness. Although soldiers' psychological stress in the process of military mission execution having an impact on coping style has been studied by a large body of literature, very little literature has focused on the mechanism of self-efficacy and social support between recruits' psychological stress and coping style from the person-environment fit perspective. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the impact of recruits' psychological stress on coping style through a chain mediation model and to discuss the role of self-efficacy and social support in this relationship. Two waves of survey data were utilized to test the research hypotheses on a sample of 1028 Chinese recruits performing military tasks. The results indicated that recruits' psychological stress negatively impacted positive coping styles and positively correlated with negative ones. In addition, self-efficacy and social support mediated the relationship between psychological stress and positive coping style, and self-efficacy mediated the relationship between psychological stress and negative coping style. More importantly, self-efficacy and social support play the chain mediating effect between psychological stress and positive coping style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangdong Hou
- Department of Urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yawei Lin
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Sa
- 69245 Troops of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiaran Yan
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- Department of Engineer, Army 75 Group Military Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Liang
- 69243 Troops of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xinjiang, China
| | - Kejian Yang
- The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Kejian Yang
| | - Yuhai Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Yuhai Zhang
| | - Hongjuan Lang
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Hongjuan Lang
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Zeng W, Huang D, Li Q, Xu Y, Xu Z, Wu C, Chen Z, Yang Y, Shao J, Wu X, Zhu Z, Wu J, Zeng Y. Negative emotions and creativity among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: the mediating role of psychological resilience and the moderating role of posttraumatic growth. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:194. [PMID: 35996164 PMCID: PMC9395776 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to use a moderated mediation model to understand and examine the relationship between negative emotions and creativity among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, using psychological resilience as a mediator and posttraumatic growth as a moderator. Methods A sample of 881 college students in mainland China completed a self-report questionnaire that included four scales: the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale, Psychological Resilience Scale, Runco Ideational Behavior Scale and Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Results Findings indicated that:(1) negative emotions were a strong predictor of creativity; (2) psychological resilience partially mediated the association between negative emotions and creativity; and (3) posttraumatic growth moderated the positive effect of psychological resilience, such that the indirect effect between negative emotions and creativity via psychological resilience was stronger for someone with a low level of resilience. Conclusion The findings further clarify the mechanisms that affect the relationship between negative emotions and creativity among college students.
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Gan L, Gao Y, Wu J. Toward Measuring Chinese EFL Teachers' Resilience: The Role of Teachers' Enjoyment, Anger, and Anxiety. Front Psychol 2022; 13:853201. [PMID: 35719503 PMCID: PMC9204088 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.853201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Teachers have been regarded for many years as one of the most impactful elements with a significant function in educational and learning contexts. Several studies have been conducted on teachers and their performances in the classes. Positive psychology has focused on both the constructive and deconstructive feelings that teachers encounter in the process of teaching. Among the investigated elements, enjoyment anger, and anxiety can be regarded more significant in the relevant literature. The current research, thus, clarifies their association and connection with Chinese language educators' resilience. To this end, 464 male and female Chinese EFL teachers participated in the present study, and their enjoyment, anger, anxiety, and resilience were inspected by completing the associated questionnaires. The data analysis indicated that there is a substantial correlation between teachers' resilience and their emotions. Similarly, it is concluded that the best predictor of teachers' resilience is enjoyment. Also, some academic suggestions for the study regarding the development of teachers' resilience in educational situations are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- School of Foreign Languages, China University of Geosciences Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonggang Gao
- School of Foreign Languages, China University of Geosciences Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinwen Wu
- School of Foreign Languages, China University of Geosciences Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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Li N, Zhang Y, Hou S. Stress exposure status and associated factors among Chinese People's Armed Police personnel: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1000981. [PMID: 36405900 PMCID: PMC9669384 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1000981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MG (Mass gathering) deployment is one of the primary duties of Chinese People's Armed Police (PAP) personnel. Due to prolonged and repeated deployments in difficult conditions and harsh climates, military personnel are exposed to multiple stressors. OBJECTIVES This study aims to understand the stress exposure status of armed police personnel during MG deployment and to explore its influencing factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among PAP in 2021. We used a cluster random sampling to select 960 PAP personnel. Binary logistic regression was used to examine whether the stress exposure status was associated with factors such as demographics, health service utilization, and MG deployment. RESULTS Among 960 PAP personnel,83% of PAP personnel participated in MG in the past month, and 23.1% of PAP personnel suffered stress. The chi-square test showed that there were significant differences in MG'cycle time (p < 0.05). The binary logistic regression results showed that satisfaction with medical skills (p = 0.008), satisfaction with health environment (p = 0.031), satisfaction with medicine (OR = 0.640, 95%CI:0.436,0.938), and seeking health services (OR = 5.36, 95%CI:2.316,12.402) were associated with stress exposure status. However, age, and length of military service did not have any association with the stress exposure status of PAP personnel in this study. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that stress exposure status among PAP personnel was associated with MG deployment, and health service utilization. These findings can help policy-makers and clinicians to relieve the stress of the armed police personnel, as well as provide a basis for developing military health service security plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongzhong Zhang
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shike Hou
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Yan L, Gan Y, Ding X, Wu J, Duan H. The relationship between perceived stress and emotional distress during the COVID-19 outbreak: Effects of boredom proneness and coping style. J Anxiety Disord 2021; 77:102328. [PMID: 33160275 PMCID: PMC7598556 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic was a great threat to the physical and mental health of the general population. Our research aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and emotional distress during the initial outbreak. Furthermore, potential risks and protective factors, i.e., coping and boredom proneness, of stress-related emotional distress were also explored. Data from 3233 participants in China were collected through an online survey platform during the initial outbreak of the COVID-19 from January 31 to February 9 in 2020. Results showed that higher perceived stress was associated with more emotional distress including depression, fear, compulsion-anxiety, neurasthenia, and hypochondria. Boredom proneness significantly and positively mediated the relationship between perceived stress and emotional distress. Moreover, coping style moderated the stress-emotional distress relationship, i.e., individuals who mainly adopted positive coping strategies suffered fewer symptoms of depression, compulsion-anxiety, and neurasthenia under stress, while negative coping strategies aggravated emotional distress. These results from the present study provide practical value for mental health intervention during the emergent public health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Yan
- Center for Brain Disorder and Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Yiqun Gan
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, China
| | - Xu Ding
- Center for Brain Disorder and Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- Center for Brain Disorder and Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China; Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Center for Brain Disorder and Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060 China; Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen 518057, China; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Guo J, Liu L, Zhao B, Wang D. Teacher Support and Mental Well-Being in Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Negative Emotions and Resilience. Front Psychol 2020; 10:3081. [PMID: 32038425 PMCID: PMC6987449 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Teacher support has been shown to enhance adolescent mental health. However, the effects of negative emotions and resilience in the relationship between teacher support and mental well-being in adolescents are still unknown. This study investigated (a) the mediating role of negative emotions in the relationship between teacher support and mental well-being, (b) the mediating role of resilience in the association between teacher support and mental well-being, (c) the serial mediating role of negative emotions and then resilience in the relationship between teacher support and mental well-being, and (d) the parallel mediating role of the five dimensions of resilience and the three factors of negative emotions in the relationship between teacher support and mental well-being. Participants were 1228 Chinese adolescents (age, M = 15.43 years; 53.09% male). Participants filled out questionnaires regarding teacher support, negative emotions, resilience, and mental well-being. After controlling for age and gender, we found that teacher support, negative emotions, and resilience were significantly linked with mental well-being. Moreover, negative emotions and resilience were found to mediate the relationship between teacher support and adolescent mental well-being, accounting for 5.45 and 30.00% of the total effect, respectively. We also found that teacher support enhances mental well-being by decreasing negative emotions and then increasing resilience. This serial mediating effect accounted for 8.48% of the total effect. Finally, the mediating effect of resilience between teacher support and mental well-being was significantly greater than the mediating effects of the other two indirect effects (negative emotions in the relationship between teacher support and mental well-being, negative emotions and then resilience in the relationship between teacher support and mental well-being). And the parallel mediation model showed that teacher support can promote adolescent mental well-being by increasing goal planning, affect control, and help-seeking behavior, and decreasing depression. These findings suggest a process through which negative emotions can decrease resilience and identify the mediating effects of negative emotions (including the three dimensions of negative emotions) and resilience (including the five factors of resilience) in the relationship between teacher support and adolescent mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiao Guo
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Ling Liu
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Bihua Zhao
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Daoyang Wang
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Wang L, Xu B, Gu Y, Zhu J, Liang Y. The mediating and moderating effects of resilience on the relationship between perceived stress and depression in heroin addicts. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 47:495-503. [PMID: 30345512 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating and moderating roles of resilience on the relationship between perceived stress and depression among heroin addicts. A total of 138 heroin addicts completed the measures of perceived stress, resilience, and depression. Correlation analysis indicated that perceived stress was positively associated with depression. Resilience was negatively correlated with perceived stress and depression. Mediation analysis revealed that resilience partially mediated the relationship between perceived stress and depression. However, resilience did not moderate the influence of perceived stress on depression. These findings might provide a better understanding of the mental health among heroin addicts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Banghua Xu
- NanJing Normal University
- Shenzhen Polytechnic
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Sarrionandia A, Ramos-Díaz E, Fernández-Lasarte O. Resilience as a Mediator of Emotional Intelligence and Perceived Stress: A Cross-Country Study. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2653. [PMID: 30622503 PMCID: PMC6308158 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing literature provides evidence of the connection between emotional intelligence and resilience, both concepts being adversely related to perceived stress. Nevertheless, there is little evidence from cross-cultural and/or cross-country studies of the simultaneous relationship between these psychological variables. The objective of this study was to address this lack of research, examining the associations between emotional intelligence, resilience and perceived stress in a cross-country context. A total sample of 696 undergraduate students from two universities in the United States and the Basque Country (an autonomous community in northern Spain) participated in the study. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the effects of emotional intelligence and resilience that may affect students’ perceived stress. The results revealed that emotional intelligence functions as a negative predictor of perceived stress through the mediating variable resilience for the American and Basque students. The findings suggest that university students with better emotional intelligence and resilience present lower perceived stress. Thus, improving emotional intelligence and resilience could prevent students from suffering perceived stress in higher education. Implications and directions for further research are discussed; in particular, it is highlighted that intervention programs that improve both EI and resilience could be helpful in reducing perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainize Sarrionandia
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Ramos-Díaz
- Developmental and Educational Psychology Department, Education and Sport Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Oihane Fernández-Lasarte
- Didactics and School Organization, Education and Sport Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Wirtz PW, Rohrbeck CA, Burns KM. Anxiety effects on disaster precautionary behaviors: A multi-path cognitive model. J Health Psychol 2017; 24:1401-1411. [PMID: 28810500 DOI: 10.1177/1359105317720277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed a negative relationship between anxiety and health-promoting behavior. This study identified three cognitive pathways through which anxiety operates on preparedness behaviors for terrorist attacks. Preparedness was regressed on trait anxiety, perceived threat, and self-efficacy based on data from 306 adults. Mediating paths through perceived threat (positive) and self-efficacy (negative) and an independent negative path were identified. Results suggest that the anxiety/precautionary behavior relationship is more complex than previously thought, involving multiple pathways of competing directionality. Interventions to improve disaster preparedness and thus reduce disaster-related morbidity/mortality would benefit by capitalizing on this multidimensionality.
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Temprado MD, Agut S, Collado E. The mediating role of resilience in the relationship between personality and adjustment to disease in patients with a drainage enterostomy. J Health Psychol 2017; 24:1110-1124. [PMID: 28810387 DOI: 10.1177/1359105316689142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An understanding of what variables are involved in a better adjustment to chronic disease makes it possible to implement more suitable community healthcare interventions. It also allows the design of educational programmes aimed at increasing the independence of these patients, thereby enabling them to achieve a better health status. Both the personality and the resilience of the patient have been shown to play an important role in the process of adjusting to the new living conditions that result from having a chronic disease. Yet, to date, little research has been conducted in this area. This study uses structural equation modelling to explore the relationships among the personality factors, resilience and the variables of adjustment to disease (i.e. quality of life and level of self-care). The sample consists of 125 patients with a drainage enterostomy. Results show that the relationship model with the best fit is the one that considers resilience as a mediating variable in the relation between personality and disease adjustment variables. The implications of the findings and the limitations of the study are also discussed.
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Nasioudis D, Palaiodimos L, Dagiasis M, Katsarou A, Ntouros E. Depression in military medicine cadets: a cross-sectional study. Mil Med Res 2015; 2:28. [PMID: 26557991 PMCID: PMC4640107 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-015-0058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Military medicine cadets undergo strenuous military training alongside demanding medical studies. This stressful and complex educational environment can lead to the emergence of depressive symptoms. We investigated the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a cohort of military medicine cadets. METHODS We conducted a descriptive questionnaire-based cross-sectional study among Greek military medicine cadets in the undergraduate program of the Hellenic Military School of Combat Support Officers. The Greek translation of the Zung self-rating depression scale questionnaire was used to screen for the presence of depressive symptoms. In addition, demographic, academic and dietary information was collected. The Shapiro-Wilk test of normality, Pearson correlation test, Chi-square test, t-test and Mann Whitney U test were employed for statistical analysis. RESULTS We enrolled 55 female and 91 male military medicine cadets with a mean age of 19.84 years (SD = 0.99). The mean Zung crude score was 43.32 (SD = 4.55): 42.8 (SD = 4.43) for female cadets and 43.64 (SD = 4.6) for male cadets. Cadets were further subdivided into low and high risk groups for the presence of depressive symptoms. We identified 57 (39 %) cadets with a total Zung crude score of 45 or above: 21 females and 36 males. Statistical analysis did not reveal any significant differences between the two groups based on gender, year of training, academic performance, alcohol consumption, smoking status, vitamin supplementation, dietary habits or BMI. CONCLUSIONS We report a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in a cohort of military medicine cadets that underscores the need for effective screening and appropriate and timely interventions. We did not identify any related risk factors. Military medicine cadets are exposed to a challenging military and medical training environment, and thus represent a group at risk for development of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonidas Palaiodimos
- Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Evangelos Ntouros
- Hellenic Military School of Combat Support Officers (SSAS), Thessaloniki, Greece
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