1
|
Gariazzo C, Massari S, Consonni D, Marchetti MR, Marinaccio A. Cancer-Specific Mortality Odds Ratios in the Food, Accommodation, and Beverage Activities in Italy. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:572-579. [PMID: 38595106 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated cancer-specific mortality risks of workers employed in food, accommodation and beverage (FAB) activities. Methods: We performed a case-control study based on countrywide mortality and National Social Insurance data. Adjusted cancer-specific mortality odds ratios (MOR) were calculated. We modeled occupational exposure as "ever/never been employed" in FAB activities, using other sectors as reference. Analysis was performed by gender, length of employment and year of smoke banning. Results: About 20,000 cancer deaths in FAB were analyzed. Working in restaurants was positively associated with cancer of lung (MOR = 1.24), bladder (MOR = 1.24), pharynx, and larynx. Accommodation was associated with cancer of pharynx (MOR = 1.46), while beverage with cancer of liver (MOR = 1.22). Gender, length of employment and smoke banning were found effective in modifying some risks. Conclusions: Workers in FAB sectors were at risk for several cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Gariazzo
- From the Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Rome, Italy (C.G., S.M., M.R.M., A.M.); and Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy (D.C.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peltonen J, Nikkilä R, Al-Samadi A, Mäkitie A, Martinsen JI, Kjaerheim K, Lynge E, Sparen P, Tryggvadottir L, Weiderpass E, Salo T, Pukkala E. Occupation and tongue cancer in Nordic countries. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:506. [PMID: 38685000 PMCID: PMC11059716 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Almost 200,000 tongue cancers were diagnosed worldwide in 2020. The aim of this study was to describe occupational risk variation in this malignancy. METHODS The data are based on the Nordic Occupational Cancer (NOCCA) study containing 14.9 million people from the Nordic countries with 9020 tongue cancers diagnosed during 1961-2005. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of tongue cancer in each occupational category was calculated using national incidence rates as the reference. RESULTS Among men, the incidence was statistically significantly elevated in waiters (SIR 4.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.13--5.92), beverage workers (SIR 3.42, 95% CI 2.02-5.40), cooks and stewards (SIR 2.55, 95% CI 1.82-3.48), seamen (SIR 1.66, 95% CI 1.36-2.00), journalists (SIR 1.85, 95% CI 1.18-2.75), artistic workers (SIR 2.05, 95% CI 1.54-2.66), hairdressers (SIR 2.17, 95% CI 1.39-3.22), and economically inactive persons (SIR 1.57, 95% CI 1.42-1.73). Among women, the SIR was statistically significantly elevated only in waitresses (SIR 1.39, 95% CI 1.05-1.81). Statistically significant SIRs ≤ 0.63 were observed in male farmers, gardeners, forestry workers and teachers, and in female launderers. CONCLUSIONS These findings may be related to consumption of alcohol and tobacco, but the effect of carcinogenic exposure from work cannot be excluded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Peltonen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Rayan Nikkilä
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed Al-Samadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan Ivar Martinsen
- The Cancer Registry of Norway at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristina Kjaerheim
- The Cancer Registry of Norway at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- Zealand University Hospital, Nykøbing Falster, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Par Sparen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laufey Tryggvadottir
- Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nikkilä R, Mäkitie A, Carpén T, Hansen J, Heikkinen S, Lynge E, Selander J, Mehlum IS, Torfadottir JE, Salo T, Pukkala E. Occupational variation in incidence of oropharyngeal cancer in the Nordic countries. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:343-350. [PMID: 37563484 PMCID: PMC10764423 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate the occupational variation in incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). METHODS We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of OPC in occupational categories in the Nordic countries relative to the entire national populations. The data covered 6155 OPC cases. RESULTS Among men high risk of OPC was observed, among else, in waiters (SIR 6.28, 95% CI 4.68-8.26), beverage workers (SIR 3.00, 95% CI 1.72-4.88), and artistic workers (SIR 2.97, 95% CI 2.31-3.76). Among women high risk of OPC was observed in waiters (SIR 2.02, 95% CI 1.41-2.81) and packers (SIR 1.73, 95% CI 1.07-2.64). The lowest SIRs were observed in female gardeners (SIR 0.27, 95% CI 0.12-0.51) and male farmers (SIR 0.30, 95% CI 0.25-0.35). CONCLUSION The 20-fold variation in incidence of OPC between occupations needs further investigation in studies with detailed information on occupational and non-occupational risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Nikkilä
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 263, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Registry,, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 263, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Timo Carpén
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 263, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanna Heikkinen
- Finnish Cancer Registry,, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- Nykøbing Falster Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Nykøbing Falster, Denmark
| | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, IMM Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jóhanna Eyrún Torfadottir
- Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Unit, Medical Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Haartman Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry,, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer and Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chieng CY, Dalal A, Ilankovan V. Occupational exposure and risk of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: systematic review and 25-year retrospective cohort study of patients. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 61:39-48. [PMID: 36443129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Social habits such as smoking and drinking alcohol are well-known causative agents for oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC/OPSCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known causative agent for OPSCC. However, we often encounter patients with no identifiable risk factors. There is growing evidence of the role of occupational carcinogens in the pathogenesis of oral cancer. The aim of this study therefore was to identify any occupational carcinogens linked to oral cancer. We carried out a systematic review of the literature using PubMed, EMBASE, and Medline, along with a retrospective review of patients treated in a regional unit over 25 years. Occupations were classified based on the UK Standard of Classification 2020. Data analysis was completed using the chi-squared test. A total of 17 papers met the inclusion criteria for review. In our retrospective study a total of 874 patients were identified of whom 31% were blue-collar workers, 32.8% were white-collar workers, 20.2% were unemployed/housewives, and 16% workers in other occupations. The majority of blue-collar workers were in the construction industry and had maximum exposure to hydrocarbons and exhaust fumes. The aetiology of oral and oropharyngeal SCC is multifactorial and there is no consensus on the role of occupational carcinogens. We showcase our patient cohort and discuss the occupational exposures that appear to make them susceptible to OSCC and OPSCC. Further multicentre studies are required to enable us to understand fully the pathogenesis of oral cancer and help us to inform relevant organisations, the aim being to reduce the incidence of occupation-related cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Chieng
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
| | - A Dalal
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - V Ilankovan
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carpén T, Gille E, Hammarstedt-Nordenvall L, Hansen J, Heikkinen S, Lynge E, Selander J, Mehlum IS, Torfadottir JE, Mäkitie A, Pukkala E. Occupational risk variation of nasopharyngeal cancer in the Nordic countries. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1130. [PMCID: PMC9635175 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to estimate occupational risk variation in the incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) in a large population-based cohort of the Nordic Occupational Cancer (NOCCA) study. Methods This study is based on a cohort of almost 15 million persons from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, with 2898 nasopharyngeal cancer cases diagnosed in 1961–2005. The data on occupations were gathered from population censuses and cancer data from the national cancer registries. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using the national NPC incidence rates as the reference. Results There were 1980 male and 918 female NPC patients. The highest SIRs of NPC were observed among male waiters (SIR 3.69, 95% CI 1.91–6.45) and cooks and stewards (SIR 2.24, 95% CI 1.16–3.91). Among women, launderers had the highest SIR of NPC (2.04, 95% CI 1.02–3.65). Significantly decreased SIRs were found among male farmers (SIR 0.79, 95% CI 0.68–0.92) and male textile workers (SIR 0.49, 95% CI 0.22–0.93). Conclusions This study suggests that NPC may be associated with several work-related exposure agents such as smoking, kitchen air pollution and solvents. In future, occupational exposure-risk relations should be studied to understand more about causality and to assess effective prevention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timo Carpén
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Evelina Gille
- grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lalle Hammarstedt-Nordenvall
- grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johnni Hansen
- grid.417390.80000 0001 2175 6024Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanna Heikkinen
- grid.424339.b0000 0000 8634 0612Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, FI-00130 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XNykøbing Falster Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-4800 Nykøbing Falster, Denmark
| | - Jenny Selander
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Institute of Environmental Medicine – IMM Karolinska Institutet, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum
- grid.416876.a0000 0004 0630 3985National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), N- 0363 Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, N-0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jóhanna Eyrún Torfadottir
- Icelandic Cancer Registry, IS-105 Reykjavik, Iceland ,grid.14013.370000 0004 0640 0021Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, IS-102 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Antti Mäkitie
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ,grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eero Pukkala
- grid.424339.b0000 0000 8634 0612Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, FI-00130 Helsinki, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, FI-33014 Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rinne H, Laaksonen M. Manual occupations with high all-cause mortality: The contribution of socioeconomic and occupational characteristics. Scand J Public Health 2020; 49:237-244. [PMID: 33158404 DOI: 10.1177/1403494820960653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Most high mortality-risk occupations are manual occupations. We examined to what extent high mortality of such occupations could be explained by education, income, unemployment or industry and whether there were differences in these effects among different manual occupations. METHODS We used longitudinal individual-level register-based data, the study population consisting of employees aged 30-64 at the end of the year 2000 with the follow-up period 2001-2015. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models in 31 male and 11 female occupations with high mortality. RESULTS There were considerable differences between manual occupations in how much adjusting for education, income, unemployment and industry explained the excess mortality. The variation was especially large among men: controlling for these variables explained over 50% of the excess mortality in 23 occupations. However, in some occupations the excess mortality even increased in relation to unadjusted mortality. Among women, these variables explained a varying proportion of the excess mortality in every occupation. After adjustment of all variables, mortality was no more statistically significantly higher than average in 14 occupations among men and 2 occupations among women. CONCLUSIONS The high mortality in manual occupations was mainly explained by education, income, unemployment and industry. However, the degree of explanation varied widely between occupations, and considerable variation in mortality existed between manual occupations after controlling for these variables. More research is needed on other determinants of mortality in specific high-risk occupations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Rinne
- Rehabilitation Foundation, Finland
- Social Insurance Institution of Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ko YH, Kim SJ, Kim WS, Park CK, Park CK, Suh YG, Eom JS, Cho S, Hur JY, Hwang SH, Myong JP. Risk factors for primary lung cancer among never-smoking women in South Korea: a retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:692-702. [PMID: 32066220 PMCID: PMC7214358 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We performed a large-scale, retrospective, nationwide, cohort study to investigate the risk factors for lung cancer among never-smoking Korean females. METHODS The study data were collected from a general health examination and questionnaire survey of eligible populations conducted between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2004; the data were acquired from the tailored big data distribution service of the National Health Insurance Service. After a 1-year clearance period, 5,860,922 of 6,318,878 never-smoking female participants with no previous history of lung cancer were investigated. After a median follow-up of 11.4 years, 43,473 (0.74%) participants were defined as "newly diagnosed lung cancer". RESULTS After adjusting for all variables at baseline, the variables older age, lower body mass index (BMI), less exercise, frequent alcohol drinking, meat-based diet, rural residence, and previous history of cancer were associated with a higher incidence of lung cancer. Low BMI (< 18.5 kg/m2: hazard ratio [HR], 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27 to 1.40) was a significant independent risk factor; as BMI decreased, HR increased. Negative associations between BMI and lung-cancer development were also observed after controlling for age (p for trend < 0.001). Drinking alcohol one to two times a week (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.28) and eating a meat-based diet (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.15) were associated with lung-cancer incidence. CONCLUSION Modifiable baseline characteristics, such as BMI, exercise, alcohol consumption, and diet, are risk factors for lung-cancer development among never- smoking females. Thus, lifestyle modifications may help prevent lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Ho Ko
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wan-Seop Kim
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Kwon Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-Kyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Yang-Gun Suh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jung Seop Eom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sukki Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae Young Hur
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Pyo Myong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Jun-Pyo Myong, M.D. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea Tel: +82-2-2258-6267, Fax: +82-2-2258-6691, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hadkhale K, Martinsen JI, Weiderpass E, Kjærheim K, Sparén P, Tryggvadóttir L, Lynge E, Pukkala E. Occupational variation in bladder cancer in Nordic males adjusted with approximated smoking prevalence. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:29-37. [PMID: 30320536 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2018.1518591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational exposure has been identified as the most important risk factor for bladder cancer second to smoking. The objective of this study was to estimate the occupational variation in risk of bladder cancer that is not attributable to smoking. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the Nordic Occupational Cancer study (NOCCA), 111,458 cases of bladder cancer and 208,297 cases of lung cancer cases were observed among men in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden during 1961-2005. Relative smoking prevalence in an occupation was estimated based on standardized incidence ratio (SIR) for lung cancer in the given occupation. Crude and smoking-adjusted SIRs with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for bladder cancer were calculated for each occupation. RESULTS The smoking-adjusted SIR for most of the occupations was closer to 1.00 than the unadjusted SIR. The highest statistically significant smoking-adjusted SIRs were observed among chimney sweeps (SIR 1.29, 95% CI 1.05-1.56), waiters (1.22, 1.07-1.38) hairdressers (1.14, 1.02-1.26), cooks and stewards (1.12, 1.01-1.25), printers (1.11, 1.04-1.18) and seamen (1.09, 1.03-1.14). CONCLUSIONS Smoking is a strong risk factor for bladder cancer but there may also be other factors in some specific occupations in addition to smoking. The occupational variation in risk of bladder cancer is small when adjusted for smoking, but risk increasing factors are indicated in some occupations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Hadkhale
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Pär Sparén
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laufey Tryggvadóttir
- Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- Center for Epidemiology and Screening, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, København, Denmark
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Association between Second-Hand Smoking and Laryngopathy in the General Population of South Korea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165337. [PMID: 27861497 PMCID: PMC5115661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The relationship between second-hand smoking and laryngopathy has not yet been reported. Thus, this study investigates the relationship between second-hand smoking and laryngopathy and suggests basic empirical data to prevent laryngopathy. Methods This study analyzed 1,905 non-smokers over the age of 19 (269 men and 1,636 women) who completed the health questionnaire, laryngeal endoscope test, and urine cotinine test in the 2008 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Second-hand smoking was defined as a urine cotinine concentration of 50ng/ml and over. Confounding factors included age, gender, education, household income, occupation, alcohol consumption, and coffee consumption. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were presented for the relationship between second-hand smoking and laryngopathy by using Poisson regression analysis. Results There was a significant relationship between second-hand smoking and laryngopathy (p<0.05). After all compounding factors were adjusted, non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoking had a 2.5 times (RR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.19–5.08) significantly higher risk of laryngopathy than non-smokers not exposed to second-hand smoking (p<0.05). Conclusion In this epidemiological study, there was a significant relationship between second-hand smoking and laryngopathy. More effective anti-smoking policies are required to protect the health of both non-smokers and smokers.
Collapse
|
10
|
Muñoz C, Droppelmann A, Erazo M, Aceituno P, Orellana C, Parro J, Mesias S, Marchetti N, Navas-Acien A, Iglesias V. Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A cross-sectional study in bars and restaurants in Santiago, Chile. Am J Ind Med 2016; 59:887-96. [PMID: 27345600 PMCID: PMC5026561 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate indoor polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in bars and restaurants and identify the main determinants of airborne PAH concentrations. METHODS This study included 57 bars/restaurants in Santiago, Chile. PAH concentrations (ng/m(3) ) were measured using photoelectric aerosol sensor equipment (PAS 2000CE model). Nicotine concentrations (μg/m(3) ) were measured using active sampling pumps followed by gas-chromatography. Linear regression models were used to identify determinants of PAH concentrations. RESULTS PAH concentrations were higher in venues that allowed smoking compared to smoke-free venues. After adjusting, the air PAH concentrations were 1.40 (0.64-3.10) and 3.34 (1.43-7.83) ng/m(3) higher for tertiles 2 and 3 of air nicotine compared to the lowest tertile. CONCLUSIONS In hospitality venues where smoking is allowed, secondhand smoke exposure is a major source of PAHs in the environment. This research further supports the importance of implementing complete smoking bans to protect service industry workers from PAH exposure. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:887-896, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Muñoz
- Doctorate Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Andrea Droppelmann
- Occupational Health Laboratory, Institute of Public Health of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcia Erazo
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Aceituno
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Orellana
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Parro
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sthepanie Mesias
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nella Marchetti
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Verónica Iglesias
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|