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Mellert LT, Cheung M, Berbiglia L, Shoemaker A, Douglas D, Pozsgay M, Zografakis J, Dan A. Reoperations for Long-Term Complications Following Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding: Analysis of Incidence and Causality. Cureus 2020; 12:e8127. [PMID: 32550047 PMCID: PMC7294902 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) gained popularity in the early 2000s as a purely restrictive procedure with modest weight loss. The potential for complications requiring reoperation has since become evident. A retrospective review was performed to determine the incidence of long-term complications and predictive factors requiring surgical reintervention after LAGB. Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained, and a retrospective review of 200 consecutive patients undergoing LAGB over a period of six years was conducted at a single institution with American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence designation. Data were collected on patient characteristics, comorbid conditions and complications requiring reintervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: Of the 200 patients, 176 (90.7%) were female with an average age of 53.6 years and preoperative body mass index (BMI) of 44.2 kg/m2. The average follow-up was 46 months. Complications occurred in 55 (28.4%) patients with band slippage/prolapse as the most common need for reoperation. Younger age, lack of comorbidities and diet/exercise compliance were associated with reintervention. Conclusions: LAGB has a high rate of reoperation secondary to complications associated with younger age. Alternative bariatric procedures may be more appropriate in these patients who have fewer comorbid conditions and are motivated to improve his or her health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan T Mellert
- Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, USA
| | - Maureen Cheung
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mark Pozsgay
- Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, USA
| | - John Zografakis
- Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, USA
| | - Adrian Dan
- Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, USA
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Bettencourt-Silva R, Neves JS, Pedro J, Guerreiro V, Ferreira MJ, Salazar D, Souteiro P, Magalhães D, Oliveira SC, Queirós J, Belo S, Varela A, Freitas P, Carvalho D. Comparative Effectiveness of Different Bariatric Procedures in Super Morbid Obesity. Obes Surg 2019; 29:281-291. [PMID: 30251091 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-018-3519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Super obesity (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The best procedure to treat super obesity is not completely established. Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of bariatric procedures (adjustable gastric band [AGB], Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB], sleeve gastrectomy [SG]) in super obesity. METHODS Retrospective observational study of super obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery. Data was assessed preoperatively and in the 1st and 2nd years of follow-up. RESULTS We evaluated 213 individuals, 77.9% female, age of 43.38 ± 11.49 years, and preoperative BMI of 54.53 ± 4.54 kg/m2; 19 submitted to AGB, 127 to RYGB, and 67 to SG. In the pre-surgical assessment, there were no significant differences in age, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, glycemic profile, and lipid profile between the three surgical groups. The percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) in the 1st year was 67.58% in RYGB, 58.74% in SG, and 38.71% in AGB (p < 0.001), and the percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) was 36.29%, 31.59%, and 21.07%, respectively (p < 0.001). Two years after surgery (n = 147; follow-up rate of 69%), the %EWL and %TWL were significantly higher in the RYGB group (p < 0.001). RYGB had a higher success rate (%EWL ≥ 50% and %TWL ≥ 20%) in both years of follow-up (p < 0.001). In multiple linear regression, after adjusting for other covariates, RYGB was the only strong predictive factor of %EWL and %TWL (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION RYGB proved to be more effective in super obesity. The beneficial effects in weight loss were evident both 1 and 2 years after the procedure, regardless of pre-surgical anthropometric characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bettencourt-Silva
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal. .,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Sérgio Neves
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Pedro
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Guerreiro
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Ferreira
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Salazar
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Souteiro
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Magalhães
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Castro Oliveira
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Queirós
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Multidisciplinary Group for Surgical Management of Obesity, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Belo
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Multidisciplinary Group for Surgical Management of Obesity, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Varela
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Multidisciplinary Group for Surgical Management of Obesity, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Freitas
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Multidisciplinary Group for Surgical Management of Obesity, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Davide Carvalho
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity treatment options are of great interest worldwide with major developments in the past 20 years. From general surgery to natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery intervention nowadays, obesity surgical therapies have surely developed and are now offering a variety of possibilities. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY Although surgery is the only proven approach for weight loss, a joint decision between the physician and patient is required before proceeding to such a procedure. With a lot of options available, the treatment should be individualized because the benefits of surgical intervention must be weighed against the surgical risks. DATA SOURCES Medline search to locate full-text articles and abstracts with obvious conclusions by using the keywords: obesity, surgical endoscopy, gastric bypass, bariatric surgery, and endoscopic surgery, alone and in various combinations. Additional relevant publications were also searched using the reference lists of the identified articles as a starting point. RESULTS Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass still is the most effective, less invasive, bariatric surgical intervention, although there are various complications encountered, such as postoperative hemorrhage (1.9%-4.4%), internal hernias, anastomotic strictures (2.9%-23%), marginal ulcerations (1%-16%), fistulas (1.5%-6%), weight gain, and nutritional deficiencies. However, the absence of parietal incisions, less pain, decreased risk of infection, and short hospital stay make room for endoscopic surgery as a possible valid option for obesity for both the doctors' and the patients' perspective. CONCLUSIONS The current tendency is to promote surgical treatment of obesity to a status of less invasive scars therefore promoting minimally invasive surgical techniques.
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Bächler T, le Roux CW, Bueter M. How do patients' clinical phenotype and the physiological mechanisms of the operations impact the choice of bariatric procedure? Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2016; 9:181-9. [PMID: 27524917 PMCID: PMC4965261 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s87205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective option for the treatment of morbid obesity and its associated comorbidities. Recent clinical and experimental findings have challenged the role of mechanical restriction and caloric malabsorption as the main mechanisms for weight loss and health benefits. Instead, other mechanisms including increased levels of satiety gut hormones, altered gut microbiota, changes in bile acid metabolism, and/or energy expenditure have been proposed as explanations for benefits of bariatric surgery. Beside the standard proximal Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and the biliopancreatic diversion with or without duodenal switch, where parts of the small intestine are excluded from contact with nutrients, resectional techniques like the sleeve gastrectomy (SG) have recently been added to the armory of bariatric surgeons. The variation of weight loss and glycemic control is vast between but also within different bariatric operations. We surveyed members of the Swiss Society for the Study of Morbid Obesity and Metabolic Disorders to assess the extent to which the phenotype of patients influences the choice of bariatric procedure. Swiss bariatric surgeons preferred Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and SG for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and patients with a body mass index >50 kg/m2, which is consistent with the literature. An SG was preferred in patients with a high anesthetic risk or previous laparotomy. The surgeons’ own experience was a major determinant as there is little evidence in the literature for this approach. Although trends will come and go, evidence-based medicine requires a rigorous examination of the proof to inform clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bächler
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Fribourg Cantonal Hospital (HFR), Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Carel W le Roux
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Gastrosurgical Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marco Bueter
- Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zürich, Switzerland
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Liu XZ, Fan J, Zhang YQ, Xu MJ, Zhao DB. Single-incision or conventional laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: A systematic review. MINIM INVASIV THER 2015; 25:62-9. [PMID: 26471295 DOI: 10.3109/13645706.2015.1096288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) in gastric banding (SI-LAGB) has been reported to be a safe and technically feasible procedure among various operating methods. However, there is little evidence with regard to the question whether SI-LAGB has more advantages and should be recommended compared with conventional LAGB (CLAGB). Thus, this study was performed to assess the safety and efficacy of SI-LAGB. MATERIAL AND METHODS A computerized search of the electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE was performed. Data regarding operative parameters, postoperative recovery parameters, follow-up time, percentage of excess weight loss, and postoperative complication were pooled and analyzed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations. RESULTS Ten comparative studies including 2,073 patients (1,038 patients who received SI-LAGB and 1,035 patients who received CLAGB) were included and analyzed. Compared with CLAGB, a similar weight loss could be obtained using SI-LAGB. The postoperative complications of SI-LAGB were within the acceptable range, but one study reported one perioperative death. SI-LAGB required a longer operative time. Other outcome variables, such as blood loss, days of hospitalization, pain score, and hospitalization costs, were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS SI-LAGB might be a safe and effective alternative to C-LAGB when performed by experienced surgeons, but available data do not allow to give a definitive answer and randomized controlled trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Zhen Liu
- a The First Department of Recovery , Hangzhou Sanatorium of Nanjing Military Command Region , Hangzhou , China.,c Department of Rheumatology , Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jie Fan
- a The First Department of Recovery , Hangzhou Sanatorium of Nanjing Military Command Region , Hangzhou , China
| | - You-Qin Zhang
- a The First Department of Recovery , Hangzhou Sanatorium of Nanjing Military Command Region , Hangzhou , China
| | - Mao Jin Xu
- b Department of Endocrinology , Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Dong-Bao Zhao
- c Department of Rheumatology , Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
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Daigle CR, Andalib A, Corcelles R, Cetin D, Schauer PR, Brethauer SA. Bariatric and metabolic outcomes in the super-obese elderly. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2015; 12:132-7. [PMID: 26077696 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous reports address bariatric outcomes in super-obese or elderly patients, but data addressing this high-risk combination is lacking. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess outcomes of bariatric surgery in the super-obese elderly. SETTING Academic institution, United States. METHODS All primary bariatric cases performed on patients aged 65 years or older with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 50 kg/m(2) were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical approaches included laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). RESULTS Thirty patients (26 female, 4 male) with a mean age of 67.1 ± 2.7 years and BMI of 55.9 ± 3.9 kg/m(2), who had LRYGB (n = 16), LSG (n = 6), or LAGB (n = 8), were identified. There were no deaths, conversions, or intraoperative complications. Three patients were lost to follow-up after the 3-month visit. The early (<30 d) major morbidity rate was 10.0%. At a median follow-up of 37 (range, 6-95) months, the cohort had a mean BMI of 42.3 ± 6.7 kg/m(2), which corresponded to a mean percent excess weight loss of 44.5% ± 20.5% and mean percent total weight loss of 24.4% ± 12.2%. The most percent excess weight loss was achieved after LRYGB (54.1% ± 19.4%), followed by LSG (48.3% ± 10.2%) and then LAGB (26.2% ± 14.4%). Diabetic medication reduction in number and/or dosage was observed in 40% (6/15) patients, and 33% (5/15) of patients were completely off antidiabetic agents. CONCLUSIONS Although further research is needed, the present data suggest that successful weight loss and metabolic improvement can be achieved safely in the high-risk population of super-obese elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amin Andalib
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ricard Corcelles
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Derrick Cetin
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Philip R Schauer
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Stacy A Brethauer
- Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
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