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Frei A, Radtke T, Dalla Lana K, Brun P, Sigrist T, Spielmanns M, Beyer S, Riegler TF, Büsching G, Spielmanns S, Kunz R, Cerini T, Braun J, Tomonaga Y, Serra-Burriel M, Polhemus A, Puhan MA. Effectiveness of a Long-term Home-Based Exercise Training Program in Patients With COPD After Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Chest 2022; 162:1277-1286. [PMID: 35952766 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients with COPD do not maintain exercise training after pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). RESEARCH QUESTION Does a 12-month home-based, minimal-equipment strength training program after PR have an effect on dyspnea, exercise capacity, and patient-reported outcomes in patients with COPD? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In a parallel-arm multicenter study across four Swiss PR clinics, patients with COPD were allocated randomly (1:1 ratio) into an intervention group (IG; home-based strength training program) or control group (CG; usual care). The primary outcome was change in Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) dyspnea scale score from baseline to 12 months. Secondary outcomes were change in exercise capacity (1-min sit-to-stand-test [1MSTST], 6-min walk test [6MWT]), health-related quality of life, exacerbations, and symptoms. We assessed the IG's experience by interviews at study end. Main analyses were based on the intention-to-treat approach, and adjusted linear regression models were used. RESULTS One hundred twenty-three patients with COPD (IG, n = 61; CG, n = 62) were randomized, 61 of whom were women and whose mean ± SD age was 66.8 ± 8.1 years and mean ± SD FEV1 was 39.3 ± 15.3% predicted. One hundred four participants completed 12 months of follow-up (IG, n= 53; CG, n= 51). Of the 53 IG participants, 37 participants (70%) conducted the training until study end. We found no difference in change in CRQ dyspnea scale score over 12 months (adjusted mean difference, 0.28; 95% CI, -0.23 to 0.80; P = .27). We found moderate evidence for a difference in 1MSTST repetitions favoring the IG (adjusted mean difference, 2.6; 95% CI, 0.22-5.03; P = .033), but no evidence for an effect in other outcomes. Seventy-nine percent of the IG reported positive effects that they attributed to the training. INTERPRETATION The home exercise program had no effect on dyspnea, but improved 1MSTST performance and patient-perceived fitness. The supported program was well accepted by patients with COPD and may facilitate continued exercise training at home. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT03461887; URL: www. CLINICALTRIALS gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Frei
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Radtke
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kaba Dalla Lana
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Brun
- Berner Reha Zentrum, Heiligenschwendi, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Sigrist
- Departement for Pulmonary Medicine, Klinik Barmelweid, Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Marc Spielmanns
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zürcher RehaZentren, Wald, Switzerland; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Witten-Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Swantje Beyer
- Department of Pneumology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | | | - Gilbert Büsching
- Departement for Pulmonary Medicine, Klinik Barmelweid, Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Spielmanns
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zürcher RehaZentren, Wald, Switzerland
| | - Ramona Kunz
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tamara Cerini
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Braun
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yuki Tomonaga
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miquel Serra-Burriel
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ashley Polhemus
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Milo A Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Carvalho R, Botelho J, Machado V, Mascarenhas P, Alcoforado G, Mendes JJ, Chambrone L. Predictors of tooth loss during long-term periodontal maintenance: An updated systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:1019-1036. [PMID: 33998031 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the risk factors / predictors of tooth loss in patients with periodontitis who underwent periodontal therapy and long-term periodontal maintenance (PM). MATERIAL AND METHODS PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS and Scholar were searched up to and including September 2020. Studies limited to periodontitis patients who underwent active periodontal therapy (APT) and followed a regular PM programme with 5 years follow-up minimum were eligible for inclusion in this review. Studies were included if they reported data on tooth loss during PM. Random effects meta-analyses of number of tooth loss per patient per year were conducted. RESULTS Thirty-six papers regarding thirty-three studies were included in this review, with three prospective 30 retrospective trials. Subgroup meta-analysis showed no differences between prospective and retrospective studies, with an average of 0.1 tooth loss per year per patient (p < 0.001). Maxillary and molar teeth were more susceptible to be extracted during long-term PM. Baseline characteristics (smoking, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, being male and teeth with furcation lesions) showed no significance as predictor of tooth loss through meta-regression. The percentage of tooth loss due to periodontal reasons ranged from 0.45% to 14.4%. The individual outcomes in each study evidenced different patient-related factors (age and smoking) and tooth-related factors (i.e. tooth type and location) were associated with tooth loss during PM. CONCLUSION The majority of patients undergoing long-term PM have not lost teeth. On average, long-term PM effectively causes the loss of 1 tooth per patient every 10 years. Additional prospective trials may confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Carvalho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Paulo Mascarenhas
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Gil Alcoforado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (EMDC), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Leandro Chambrone
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Almada, Portugal.,Graduate Dentistry Program, School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University, São Paulo, Brazil.,Unit of Basic Oral Investigation (UIBO), Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
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Sason H, Michalsky T, Mevarech Z. Promoting Middle School Students' Science Text Comprehension via Two Self-Generated "Linking" Questioning Methods. Front Psychol 2020; 11:595745. [PMID: 33192940 PMCID: PMC7649286 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.595745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This quasi-experimental study examined training in two types of reading strategies: self-generated questions either connecting to prior knowledge (Extra-Text) or connecting between the text’s parts (Within-Text). Immediate and long-term effects were assessed on ninth graders’ science text comprehension, versus an untrained control group. The three student groups (N = 193) received the same study unit of scientific texts and accompanying tasks, either with/without training in self-generated questioning. PISA-based science literacy assessments (phenomenon identification, scientific explanation, and evidence utilization) were collected at baseline, immediately after intervention, and at 4-month follow-up. Results from both short- and long-term assessments indicated that those learners trained to generate questions about within-text connections reached significantly higher science text comprehension achievements than the other two groups – students trained to generate questions connecting to their prior knowledge and control students who received no support for generating questions. Findings may contribute to the design of support methods and teaching strategies for promoting literacy in general and scientific literacy in particular.
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Booth JE, Benham JL, Schinbein LE, McGinley SK, Rabi DM, Sigal RJ. Long-Term Physical Activity Levels After the End of a Structured Exercise Intervention in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Systematic Review. Can J Diabetes 2020; 44:680-687.e2. [PMID: 32654972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Randomized, controlled trials have shown that exercise interventions reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance, and improve glycemic control, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in people with type 2 diabetes. We undertook the present systematic review to determine the extent to which participants in structured exercise trials continue to be physically active after the end of the interventions. METHODS We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomized, controlled trials that reported objective or self-reported physical activity levels in people with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes a minimum of 3 months after the end of a structured exercise intervention. This systematic review was registered on PROSPERO (PROSPERO CRD42018089468). RESULTS Of 14,649 articles retrieved, 5 randomized, controlled trials (including 549 participants) were included in this systematic review. One study revealed significant improvements in self-reported physical activity levels in the intervention group compared with the control group 1, 3 and 5 years after baseline assessments, and decreased waist circumference, weight and body mass index at 1 year, but not 3 or 5 years. The 4 remaining studies did not find between-group differences at follow-up timepoints between 6 months and 3 years. CONCLUSIONS Future research should report physical activity levels at follow up to determine whether participation in a structured exercise intervention results in sustained increased physical activity levels. In addition, interventions should be evaluated for their effectiveness in improving adherence to long-term physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Booth
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jamie L Benham
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Laura E Schinbein
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Samantha K McGinley
- Department of Family Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Doreen M Rabi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ronald J Sigal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Mellert LT, Cheung M, Berbiglia L, Shoemaker A, Douglas D, Pozsgay M, Zografakis J, Dan A. Reoperations for Long-Term Complications Following Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding: Analysis of Incidence and Causality. Cureus 2020; 12:e8127. [PMID: 32550047 PMCID: PMC7294902 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) gained popularity in the early 2000s as a purely restrictive procedure with modest weight loss. The potential for complications requiring reoperation has since become evident. A retrospective review was performed to determine the incidence of long-term complications and predictive factors requiring surgical reintervention after LAGB. Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained, and a retrospective review of 200 consecutive patients undergoing LAGB over a period of six years was conducted at a single institution with American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence designation. Data were collected on patient characteristics, comorbid conditions and complications requiring reintervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: Of the 200 patients, 176 (90.7%) were female with an average age of 53.6 years and preoperative body mass index (BMI) of 44.2 kg/m2. The average follow-up was 46 months. Complications occurred in 55 (28.4%) patients with band slippage/prolapse as the most common need for reoperation. Younger age, lack of comorbidities and diet/exercise compliance were associated with reintervention. Conclusions: LAGB has a high rate of reoperation secondary to complications associated with younger age. Alternative bariatric procedures may be more appropriate in these patients who have fewer comorbid conditions and are motivated to improve his or her health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan T Mellert
- Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, USA
| | - Maureen Cheung
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mark Pozsgay
- Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, USA
| | - John Zografakis
- Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, USA
| | - Adrian Dan
- Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Summa Health, Akron, USA
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Abstract
Stem cells possess unique properties, such as the ability to self-renew and the potential to differentiate into an organism's various cell types. These make them highly valuable in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Their properties are precisely regulated in vivo through complex mechanisms that include multiple cues arising from the cell interaction with the surrounding extracellular matrix, neighboring cells, and soluble factors. Although much research effort has focused on developing systems and materials that mimic this complex microenvironment, the controlled regulation of differentiation and maintenance of stemness in vitro remains elusive. In this work, we demonstrate, for the first time, that the nanofibrous bacterial cellulose (BC) membrane derived from Komagataeibacter xylinus can inhibit the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) under long-term conditions (17 days), improving their mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)-free cultivation in comparison to the MEF-supported conventional culture. The maintained cells' pluripotency was confirmed by the mESCs' ability to differentiate into the three germ layers (endo-, meso-, and ectoderm) after having been cultured on the BC membrane for 6 days. In addition, the culturing of mESCs on flexible, free-standing BC membranes enables the quick and facile manipulation and transfer of stem cells between culture dishes, both of which significantly facilitate the use of stem cells in routine culture and various applications. To investigate the influence of the structural and topographical properties of the cellulose on stem cell differentiation, we used the cellulose membranes differing in membrane thickness, porosity, and surface roughness. This work identifies bacterial cellulose as a novel convenient and flexible membrane material enabling long-term maintenance of mESCs' stemness and significantly facilitating the handling and culturing of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Tronser
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
| | - Anna Laromaine
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAB-CSIC) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Catalunya, Spain
| | - Anna Roig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAB-CSIC) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Catalunya, Spain
| | - Pavel A Levkin
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG) , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , 76131 Karlsruhe , Germany
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Quaranta A, Assenza B, D’Isidoro O, Profili F, Polimeni A, Vozza I. The impact of smoking and previous periodontal disease on peri-implant microbiota and health: a retrospective study up to 7-year follow-up. Ann Stomatol (Roma) 2015; 6:21-28. [PMID: 26161249 PMCID: PMC4475907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the impact of smoking and previous periodontal disease on peri-implant microbiota and health in medium to long-term maintained patients. METHODS A retrospective evaluation of partial edentulous patients restored with dental implants and enrolled in a regular supportive therapy was performed. Inclusion criteria were: medium to long-term periodontal and implant maintenance (at least 5 years), a minimum of 2 implants placed in each patient, absence of systemic diseases that may affect osseointegration. 30 implants in 15 patients were included in the study. Subjects were divided in smokers or non-smokers and between patients previously affected by periodontal disease and periodontally healthy. Peri-implant and periodontal parameters were assessed (PD,BoP, mPI). Microbiological samples were collected around implant and an adjacent tooth. Real- Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was performed. RESULTS In all the three groups no differences in bacterial counts between dental and implant sites were observed. Non smoker, healthy patients: healthy clinical parameters, significant counts of spirochetes in isolated patients. Non smokers with previous periodontal disease: occasional positive BoP values, significant high counts of pathogenic bacteria. Smokers with previous periodontal disease: clinical signs of inflammation including deep pockets and slight bone resorption, significant counts of pathogenic bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Over a follow-up of 5 to 7 years, it is possible to state that the absence of smoking habit and previous periodontal disease positively influences the peri-implant microbiological and clinical conditions in partial edentulous patients restored with dental implants and enrolled in a strict regular supportive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Quaranta
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | | | - Orlando D’Isidoro
- School of Dentistry, Division of Periodontology, University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabia Profili
- School of Dental Hygiene, University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Vozza
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Seymour RB, Hughes SL, Ory MG, Elliot DL, Kirby KC, Migneault J, Patrick H, Roll JM, Williams G. A lexicon for measuring maintenance of behavior change. Am J Health Behav 2010; 34:660-8. [PMID: 20604692 PMCID: PMC4034462 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.34.6.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish a workgroup within the NIH-funded Health Maintenance Consortium (HMC) to examine how "maintenance" of behavior change was conceptualized and measured across and within behaviors. METHODS Multiple meetings were held by the workgroup to reach consensus definitions of maintenance and maintenance-related constructs across diet/nutrition, tobacco, substance abuse, and physical activity. Once consensus was reached, a survey assessed how maintenance was operationalized across 16 HMC intervention studies. RESULTS Seventy-five percent of 16 studies assessed are using a criterion to assess maintenance and are tracking maintenance as a continuous measure. Eighty-one percent are assessing facilitators and barriers, and conceptualizing maintenance as both an intermediate and primary outcome measure. All 16 studies are assessing maintenance at the individual level with fewer at the organizational (N = 3), environmental (N = 3), and policy levels (N = 1). CONCLUSIONS This survey found similarities and differences in measurement across behaviors that have important implications for advancing the quality of transbehavioral research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel B Seymour
- Center for Research on Health and Aging, Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
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