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Hosseini SH, Nazarian M, Rajabi S, Jafari-Nozad AM, Mesbahzadeh B, Samargahndian S, Farkhondeh T. Protective Effect of Berberine Nanoparticles Against Cardiotoxic Effects of Arsenic Trioxide. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s12012-024-09927-5. [PMID: 39343849 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09927-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a potent and highly effective chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, the clinical use of ATO is hampered by different cardiopathologic outcomes, such as arrhythmia and heart failure. Berberine has several beneficial effects because of its antioxidant activity; however, the potential cardioprotective function of this alkaloid against arsenic-induced cardiac toxicity has not been fully investigated. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ATO in rat heart tissue and the effect of berberine nanoparticles (NB) on cardiac enzyme levels, oxidative stress (OS) indices, and histopathological changes in heart tissue. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups (n = 6): (1) Control animals that received 0.5 cc saline via gavage, (2) ATO group (4 mg/kg), (3) ATO + NB (2.5 mg/kg), (4) ATO + NB (5 mg/kg), and (5) ATO + NB (10 mg/kg) groups. Treatments were administered intraperitoneally for 45 days. Cardiac enzymes and OS biomarkers in heart tissue were measured. Histopathological examination of the heart tissue was also conducted at the end of the study. ATO injection significantly increased cardiac enzyme levels and OS biomarkers in rat's heart tissue. It also changed the histological features of the heart. NB administration significantly decreased the serum and tissue levels of cardiac enzyme and OS biomarkers in ATO-exposed animals (p < 0.05) and improved myocardial structural damage. NB, potent antioxidant, can reduce the unfavorable effects of ATO in rat heart tissue by balancing OS markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hadi Hosseini
- Geriatric Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Nazarian
- Geriatric Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Rajabi
- Geriatric Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Mesbahzadeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samargahndian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Geriatric Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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Szponar J, Niziński P, Dudka J, Kasprzak-Drozd K, Oniszczuk A. Natural Products for Preventing and Managing Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2024; 13:1151. [PMID: 38995002 PMCID: PMC11240786 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline anticancer agent that is highly effective in the treatment of solid tumors. Given the multiplicity of mechanisms involved in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, it is difficult to identify a precise molecular target for toxicity. The findings of a literature review suggest that natural products may offer cardioprotective benefits against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, both in vitro and in vivo. However, further confirmatory studies are required to substantiate this claim. It is of the utmost importance to direct greater attention towards the intricate signaling networks that are of paramount importance for the survival and dysfunction of cardiomyocytes. Notwithstanding encouraging progress made in preclinical studies of natural products for the prevention of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, these have not yet been translated for clinical use. One of the most significant obstacles hindering the development of cardioprotective adjuvants based on natural products is the lack of adequate bioavailability in humans. This review presents an overview of current knowledge on doxorubicin DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, with a focus on the potential benefits of natural compounds and herbal preparations in preventing this adverse effect. As literature search engines, the browsers in the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science databases and the ClinicalTrials.gov register were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Szponar
- Clinical Department of Toxicology and Cardiology, Toxicology Clinic, Stefan Wyszyński Regional Specialist Hospital, Medical University of Lublin, 20-718 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Niziński
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11 Street, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Dudka
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Gedikli E, Barış VÖ, Yersal N, Dinçsoy AB, Müftüoğlu SF, Erdem A. Taurine Protects Doxorubicin-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Its Membrane-Stabilizing Effect in Rats. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2031. [PMID: 37895413 PMCID: PMC10608465 DOI: 10.3390/life13102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (dox) is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used against various tumors. However, the clinical use of this agent is limited due to various organ toxicities. Taurine is an intracellular free β-amino acid with antioxidant properties. The present study investigated the protective mechanism of taurine on dox-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS In total, 31 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the study. The control group received intraperitoneal (i.p.) 0.9% NaCl alone for 14 days; the taurine (Tau) group received i.p. taurine 150 mg/kg body weight/day for 14 days; the dox group received dox on days 12, 13, and 14 at a cumulative dose of 25 mg/kg body weight/3 days; and the tau+dox group received taurine and dox together at the same dose and through the same route. On day 15, biochemical evaluations were performed on blood samples taken from the left ventricle followed by histological examinations on liver samples. RESULTS Dox was found to increase liver function enzymes and tissue protein carbonyl levels, causing congestion and tissue damage, thereby leading to dysfunction. Tau was found to histologically preserve the liver morphology without showing any corrective effect on oxidative stress parameters. These findings suggest that the membrane-stabilizing effect of taurine may be more effective than its radical scavenging activity in preventing dox-induced toxicity. CONCLUSION Taurine can prevent doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity through non-antioxidant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Gedikli
- Department of Physiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06230 Ankara, Turkey; (E.G.); (A.B.D.)
| | - Veysel Özgür Barış
- Department of Cardiology, Dr Ersin Arslan Research and Education Hospital, 27010 Gaziantep, Turkey;
| | - Nilgün Yersal
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Medicine, 60030 Tokat, Turkey;
| | - Adnan Berk Dinçsoy
- Department of Physiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06230 Ankara, Turkey; (E.G.); (A.B.D.)
| | - Sevda Fatma Müftüoğlu
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06230 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Ayşen Erdem
- Department of Physiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06230 Ankara, Turkey; (E.G.); (A.B.D.)
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Sandamali JAN, Hewawasam RP, Fernando MACSS, Jayatilaka KAPW. Electrocardiographic and biochemical analysis of anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients from Southern Sri Lanka. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:210. [PMID: 36870959 PMCID: PMC9985846 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical application of anthracycline chemotherapy is hindered due to the cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity followed by the oxidative stress initiated during the mechanism of action of anthracyclines. Due to a lack of prevalence data regarding anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in Sri Lanka, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cardiotoxicity among breast cancer patients in Southern Sri Lanka in terms of electrocardiographic and cardiac biomarker investigations. METHODS A cross-sectional study with longitudinal follow-up was conducted among 196 cancer patients at the Teaching Hospital, Karapitiya, Sri Lanka to determine the incidence of acute and early-onset chronic cardiotoxicity. Data on electrocardiography and cardiac biomarkers were collected from each patient, one day before anthracycline (doxorubicin and epirubicin) chemotherapy, one day after the first dose, one day and six months after the last dose of anthracycline chemotherapy. RESULTS Prevalence of sub-clinical anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity six months after the completion of anthracycline chemotherapy was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and there were strong, significant (p < 0.05) associations among echocardiography, electrocardiography measurements and cardiac biomarkers including troponin I and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptides. The cumulative anthracycline dose, > 350 mg/m2 was the most significant risk factor associated with the sub-clinical cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients under study. CONCLUSION Since these results confirmed the unavoidable cardiotoxic changes following anthracycline chemotherapy, it is recommended to carry out long-term follow-ups in all patients who were treated with anthracycline therapy to increase their quality of life as cancer survivors.
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Elfadadny A, Ragab RF, Hamada R, Al Jaouni SK, Fu J, Mousa SA, El-Far AH. Natural bioactive compounds-doxorubicin combinations targeting topoisomerase II-alpha: Anticancer efficacy and safety. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 461:116405. [PMID: 36716865 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, so pursuing effective and safe therapeutics for cancer is a key research objective nowadays. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic agents that has been used to treat cancer with its antimitotic properties via inhibition of topoisomerase II (TOP2) activity. However, many problems hinder the broad use of DOX in clinical practice, including cardiotoxicity and drug resistance. Research in drug discovery has confirmed that natural bioactive compounds (NBACs) display a wide range of biological activities correlating to anticancer outcomes. The combination of NBACs has been seen to be an ideal candidate that might increase the effectiveness of DOX therapy and decreases its unfavorable adverse consequences. The current review discusses the chemo-modulatory mechanism and the protective effects of combined DOX with NBACs with a binding affinity (pKi) toward TOP2A more than pKi of DOX. This review will also discuss and emphasize the molecular mechanisms to provide a pathway for further studies to reveal other signaling pathways. Taken together, understanding the fundamental mechanisms and implications of combined therapy may provide a practical approach to battling cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elfadadny
- Department of Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Rokaia F Ragab
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Rania Hamada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
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Liang Z, He Y, Hu X. Cardio-Oncology: Mechanisms, Drug Combinations, and Reverse Cardio-Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810617. [PMID: 36142538 PMCID: PMC9501315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have brought hope to cancer patients. With the prolongation of survival of cancer patients and increased clinical experience, cancer-therapy-induced cardiovascular toxicity has attracted attention. The adverse effects of cancer therapy that can lead to life-threatening or induce long-term morbidity require rational approaches to prevention and treatment, which requires deeper understanding of the molecular biology underpinning the disease. In addition to the drugs used widely for cardio-protection, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulations are also efficacious and can be expected to achieve “personalized treatment” from multiple perspectives. Moreover, the increased prevalence of cancer in patients with cardiovascular disease has spurred the development of “reverse cardio-oncology”, which underscores the urgency of collaboration between cardiologists and oncologists. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which cancer therapy induces cardiovascular toxicity, the combination of antineoplastic and cardioprotective drugs, and recent advances in reverse cardio-oncology.
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Chen B, Zhang JP. Bcl-xL is required for the protective effects of low-dose berberine against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through blocking apoptosis and activating mitophagy-mediated ROS elimination. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 101:154130. [PMID: 35526324 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity is related to abnormal autophagy and apoptosis in the heart. Berberine (BBR) is a well-known natural compound with potential cardioprotective and autophagic modulatory properties. HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that BBR ameliorates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by balancing cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS DOX was used to generate in vivo and in vitro cardiotoxic models. Larval and adult zebrafish and human AC16 cells were used to study (i) the effects of BBR on autophagy and apoptosis upon DOX challenge and (ii) the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS BBR protected AC16 cells and zebrafish hearts from DOX-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Bcl-xL knockdown in AC16 cells and zebrafish demonstrated that Bcl-xL is required for BBR's anti-apoptotic activity. DOX treatment promoted Beclin1 binding to Bcl-xL, disrupted mitophagy, and increased ROS accumulation in AC16 cells. In AC16 cells and zebrafish hearts, pretreatment with BBR enhanced mitophagy via dissociation of the Bcl-xL-Beclin1 complex and decreased ROS accumulation. Inhibition of autophagy attenuated this effect of BBR. Intriguingly, BBR increased Bcl-xL binding to Bnip3, sequestration, and mitophagy, indicating that Bcl-xL may play a beneficial role in BBR-induced mitophagy. Additionally, BBR significantly ameliorated DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction in zebrafish, whereas Bcl-xL knockdown abolished this effect. Notably, we discovered that BBR exerts biphasic dose-response effects in response to DOX; the cardioprotective properties were observed upon treatment with low-dose BBR (≤ 1 μM in cells, ≤ 10 μM in zebrafish), but not with relatively high-dose BBR. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the protective effects of low-dose BBR against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity are mediated by Bcl-xL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Bejing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No.1, Dong Cheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing-Pu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health Commission (NHC), Bejing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tian Tan Xi Li No.1, Dong Cheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
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Shabani E, Kalantari H, Kalantar M, Goudarzi M, Mansouri E, Kalantar H. Berberine ameliorates testosterone-induced benign prostate hyperplasia in rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:301. [PMID: 34930229 PMCID: PMC8690423 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03472-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a major urologic problem that mostly develops in older males. Oxidative stress and inflammation influence the occurrence of BPH. Berberine (BBR) is a natural ingredient that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The current research aims at examining the effects of BBR on testosterone-stimulated BPH in rats. METHODS Animals were randomly categorized to six groups. In the control group, normal saline and olive oil were injected as the vehicle. BPH group: received testosterone (3 mg/kg, subcutaneous, 28 days), BPH + BBR groups; received BBR (25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o, 28 days), BPH + finasteride groups: received finasteride (1 mg/kg, p.o, 28 days), BBR (50 mg/kg, p.o, alone) was administered for subjects in the BBR group. On the 29th day, after anesthesia, cervical dislocation was used to kill the subjects. Serum concentration of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone was measured and prostate tissues were excised and used for biochemical, inflammation, and histological analysis. RESULTS BBR prevented increased serum concentrations of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. BBR considerably reduced BPH-stimulated oxidative stress and inflammation through preventing the rise in lipid peroxidation and nitrite concentration and declined the accumulations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor α) and declining the depletion rate of GSH and the function of catalase and superoxide dismutase. Histopathological investigations reported that administration of BBR could suppress testosterone-stimulated BPH. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that BBR could significantly prevent the development of BPH in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shabani
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kalantar
- Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Kalantar
- Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Russo M, Bono E, Ghigo A. The Interplay Between Autophagy and Senescence in Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2021; 18:180-190. [PMID: 34081265 PMCID: PMC8342382 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-021-00519-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Doxorubicin (DOXO) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug employed for the treatment of a wide spectrum of cancers, spanning from solid tumours to haematopoietic malignancies. However, its clinical use is hampered by severe and dose-dependent cardiac side effects that ultimately lead to heart failure (HF). RECENT FINDINGS Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are well-established mechanisms of DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity, although recent evidence suggests that deregulation of other biological processes, like autophagy, could be involved. It is increasingly recognized that autophagy deregulation is intimately interconnected with the initiation of detrimental cellular responses, including autosis and senescence, raising the possibility of using autophagy modulators as well as senolytics and senomorphics for preventing DOXO cardiotoxicity. This review aims at providing an overview of the signalling pathways that are common to autophagy and senescence, with a special focus on how the relationship between these two processes is deregulated in response to cardiotoxic treatments. Finally, we will discuss the potential therapeutic utility of drugs modulating autophagy and/or senescence for counteracting DOXO cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Russo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Bono
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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CYP1B1 as a therapeutic target in cardio-oncology. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2897-2927. [PMID: 33185690 PMCID: PMC7672255 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications have been frequently reported in cancer patients and survivors, mainly because of various cardiotoxic cancer treatments. Despite the known cardiovascular toxic effects of these treatments, they are still clinically used because of their effectiveness as anti-cancer agents. In this review, we discuss the growing body of evidence suggesting that inhibition of the cytochrome P450 1B1 enzyme (CYP1B1) can be a promising therapeutic strategy that has the potential to prevent cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular complications without reducing their anti-cancer effects. CYP1B1 is an extrahepatic enzyme that is expressed in cardiovascular tissues and overexpressed in different types of cancers. A growing body of evidence is demonstrating a detrimental role of CYP1B1 in both cardiovascular diseases and cancer, via perturbed metabolism of endogenous compounds, production of carcinogenic metabolites, DNA adduct formation, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Several chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to induce CYP1B1 in cardiovascular and cancer cells, possibly via activating the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), ROS generation, and inflammatory cytokines. Induction of CYP1B1 is detrimental in many ways. First, it can induce or exacerbate cancer treatment-induced cardiovascular complications. Second, it may lead to significant chemo/radio-resistance, undermining both the safety and effectiveness of cancer treatments. Therefore, numerous preclinical studies demonstrate that inhibition of CYP1B1 protects against chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and prevents chemo- and radio-resistance. Most of these studies have utilized phytochemicals to inhibit CYP1B1. Since phytochemicals have multiple targets, future studies are needed to discern the specific contribution of CYP1B1 to the cardioprotective and chemo/radio-sensitizing effects of these phytochemicals.
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Devarajan N, Jayaraman S, Mahendra J, Venkatratnam P, Rajagopal P, Palaniappan H, Ganesan SK. Berberine-A potent chemosensitizer and chemoprotector to conventional cancer therapies. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3059-3077. [PMID: 33559280 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are mainstay treatments for cancer patients. However, their clinical outcomes are highly limited by the resistance of malignant tumors to these therapies and the incurrence of serious damages in vital organs. This in turn necessitates the development of adjunct drugs that overcomes chemo/radioresistance in refractory cancers and protects vital organs from the cytotoxic effects of cancer therapies. In recent years, Berberine (BBR), a natural isoquinoline alkaloid has garnered more attention due to its potent chemosensitizing and chemoprotective properties. BBR effectively sensitizes refractory cancers to chemotherapy and radiotherapy by ameliorating the diverse events underlying therapy resistance. Furthermore, it protects the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys from severe damages caused by these therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemo/radiosensitizing and chemo/radioprotective potential of BBR during cancer treatment. Also, we highlight the limitations that hamper the clinical application of BBR as an adjunct drug and how novel innovations have been made in recent years to circumvent these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Devarajan
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Purushothaman Venkatratnam
- Central Research laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Hema Palaniappan
- Department of Pharmacology, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Ganesan
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Damjanović A, Kolundžija B, Matić IZ, Krivokuća A, Zdunić G, Šavikin K, Janković R, Stanković JA, Stanojković TP. Mahonia aquifolium Extracts Promote Doxorubicin Effects against Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells In Vitro. Molecules 2020; 25:E5233. [PMID: 33182665 PMCID: PMC7697947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mahonia aquifolium and its secondary metabolites have been shown to have anticancer potential. We performed MTT, scratch, and colony formation assays; analyzed cell cycle phase distribution and doxorubicin uptake and retention with flow cytometry; and detected alterations in the expression of genes involved in the formation of cell-cell interactions and migration using quantitative real-time PCR following treatment of lung adenocarcinoma cells with doxorubicin, M. aquifolium extracts, or their combination. MTT assay results suggested strong synergistic effects of the combined treatments, and their application led to an increase in cell numbers in the subG1 phase of the cell cycle. Both extracts were shown to prolong doxorubicin retention time in cancer cells, while the application of doxorubicin/extract combination led to a decrease in MMP9 expression. Furthermore, cells treated with doxorubicin/extract combinations were shown to have lower migratory and colony formation potentials than untreated cells or cells treated with doxorubicin alone. The obtained results suggest that nontoxic M. aquifolium extracts can enhance the activity of doxorubicin, thus potentially allowing the application of lower doxorubicin doses in vivo, which may decrease its toxic effects in normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Damjanović
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Branka Kolundžija
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Ivana Z. Matić
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Ana Krivokuća
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Gordana Zdunić
- Department for Pharmaceutical Investigations and Development, Institute for Medicinal Plant Research, Dr. Josif Pančić, 11 070 Belgrade, Serbia; (G.Z.); (K.Š.)
| | - Katarina Šavikin
- Department for Pharmaceutical Investigations and Development, Institute for Medicinal Plant Research, Dr. Josif Pančić, 11 070 Belgrade, Serbia; (G.Z.); (K.Š.)
| | - Radmila Janković
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
| | - Jelena Antić Stanković
- Department for Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11 221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana P. Stanojković
- Department for Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.D.); (B.K.); (I.Z.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.); (T.P.S.)
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Liu C, Ma X, Zhuang J, Liu L, Sun C. Cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin-based cancer treatment: What is the protective cognition that phytochemicals provide us? Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Nejabat M, Eisvand F, Soltani F, Alibolandi M, Mohammad Taghdisi S, Abnous K, Hadizadeh F, Ramezani M. Combination therapy using Smac peptide and doxorubicin-encapsulated MUC 1-targeted polymeric nanoparticles to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy: An in vitro and in vivo study. Int J Pharm 2020; 587:119650. [PMID: 32679263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Targeting inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) family comprising high level expression in many cancer cells, could sensitize tumor cells to conventional chemotherapies. In the present study, we designed both doxorubicin and SmacN6 (an antagonist of the IAPs) encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) and investigated their synergistic effect of combination therapy in vitro and in vivo. According to the results, NPs-SmacN6 significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity effect of NPs-DOX and reduced its IC50 in MCF-7, 4T1 and C26 cancer cells. Western blot analysis confirmed mechanism of cell apoptosis via caspase activation through intrinsic and also extrinsic pathways. Moreover, 5TR1 aptamer-modified NPs could effectively deliver DOXor SmacN6 to C26 cancer cells (MUC1 positive) in comparison with the non-targeted one (p < 0.001). However, they could not be efficiently internalized into CHO cells (MUC1 negative), showing less cytotoxicity in this cell line. In vivo experiments in BALB/c mice bearing C26 tumor indicated that Apt-NPs-DOX in combination with Apt-NPs-SmacN6 had significant tumor growth inhibition in comparison with mice receiving either free DOX or Apt-NPs-DOX with p < 0.0001 and p < 0.05, respectively. Our results revealed that combination therapy of DOX and SmacN6 via Apt-modified nanoparticles can lead to improvement of therapeutic index of DOX in MUC1 positive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Nejabat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farhad Eisvand
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soltani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Habtemariam S. Recent Advances in Berberine Inspired Anticancer Approaches: From Drug Combination to Novel Formulation Technology and Derivatization. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061426. [PMID: 32245062 PMCID: PMC7144379 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine is multifunctional natural product with potential to treat diverse pathological conditions. Its broad-spectrum anticancer effect through direct effect on cancer cell growth and metastasis have been established both in vitro and in vivo. The cellular targets that account to the anticancer effect of berberine are incredibly large and range from kinases (protein kinase B (Akt), mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), cell cycle checkpoint kinases, etc.) and transcription factors to genes and protein regulators of cell survival, motility and death. The direct effect of berberine in cancer cells is however relatively weak and occur at moderate concentration range (10–100 µM) in most cancer cells. The poor pharmacokinetics profile resulting from poor absorption, efflux by permeability-glycoprotein (P-gc) and extensive metabolism in intestinal and hepatic cells are other dimensions of berberine’s limitation as anticancer agent. This communication addresses the research efforts during the last two decades that were devoted to enhancing the anticancer potential of berberine. Strategies highlighted include using berberine in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents either to reduce toxic side effects or enhance their anticancer effects; the various novel formulation approaches which by order of magnitude improved the pharmacokinetics of berberine; and semisynthetic approaches that enhanced potency by up to 100-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Chatham-Maritime, ME4 4TB Kent, UK
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Eftekhari A, Hasanzadeh A, Khalilov R, Hosainzadegan H, Ahmadian E, Eghbal MA. Hepatoprotective role of berberine against paraquat-induced liver toxicity in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:4969-4975. [PMID: 31845254 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a herbicide agent commonly used in agricultural applications. Hepatotoxicity is among clinical complications associated with PQ intoxication. Oxidative stress and its subsequent events are major mechanisms identified in PQ-induced liver toxicity. Berberine (BBR) is a natural antioxidant widely investigated for its hepatoprotective effects. The present study designed to evaluate the potential cytoprotective properties of BBR against PQ-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes and in vivo test of liver function enzymes. Cellular and biochemical parameters including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cell viability, ROS formation, glutathione (GSH) content, and mitochondrial membrane potential in the PQ-treated hepatocytes were measured, and the mentioned markers were evaluated in the presence of BBR. BBR treatment caused significant decrease in PQ-induced cell death, ROS formation, and LDH release. On the other hand, it was found that BBR inhibits cellular glutathione depletion in PQ-treated hepatocytes. Also, BBR treatment significantly diminished PQ-induced the liver function enzyme elevation. These data mention the potential hepatoprotective effect of BBR with therapeutic capability against PQ-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, 1/1, Malaya Pirogovskaya St, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
- Department of Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research and Education Center of Nanobiotechnology and Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych, Ukraine & Baku, Azerbaijan
| | | | - Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Eghbal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Identification of cytotoxic metabolites from Mahonia aquifolium using 1 H NMR-based metabolomics approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 150:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Yu J, Wang C, Kong Q, Wu X, Lu JJ, Chen X. Recent progress in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and protective potential of natural products. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 40:125-139. [PMID: 29496165 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an anthracycline antibiotic, doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most potent and widely used chemotherapeutic agents for various types of solid tumors. Unfortunately, clinical application of this drug results in severe side effects of cardiotoxicity. PURPOSE We aim to review the research focused on elimination or reduction of DOX cardiotoxicity without affecting its anticancer efficacy by natural products. METHODS This study is based on pertinent papers that were retrieved by a selective search using relevant keywords in PubMed and ScienceDirect. The literature mainly focusing on natural products and herb extracts with therapeutic efficacies against experimental models both in vitro and in vivo was identified. RESULTS Current evidence revealed that multiple molecules and signaling pathways, such as oxidative stress, iron metabolism, and inflammation, are associated with DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Based on these knowledge, various strategies were proposed, and thousands of compounds were screened. A number of natural products and herb extracts demonstrated potency in limiting DOX cardiotoxicity toward cultured cells and experimental animal models. CONCLUSIONS Though a panel of natural products and herb extracts demonstrate protective effects on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in cells and animal models, their therapeutic potentials for clinical needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Changxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Qi Kong
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, PR China
| | - Xiaxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, PR China.
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Berberine-induced cardioprotection and Sirt3 modulation in doxorubicin-treated H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2904-2923. [PMID: 28760703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most widely used anti-neoplastic agents. However, treatment with DOX is associated with cumulative cardiotoxicity inducing progressive cardiomyocyte death. Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3), a mitochondrial deacetylase, regulates the activity of proteins involved in apoptosis, autophagy and metabolism. Our hypothesis is that pharmacological modulation by berberine (BER) pre-conditioning of Sirt3 protein levels decreases DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Our results showed that DOX induces cell death in all experimental groups. Increase in Sirt3 content by transfection-mediated overexpression decreased DOX cytotoxicity, mostly by maintaining mitochondrial network integrity and reducing oxidative stress. p53 was upregulated by DOX, and appeared to be a direct target of Sirt3, suggesting that Sirt3-mediated protection against cell death could be related to this protein. BER pre-treatment increased Sirt3 and Sirt1 protein levels in the presence of DOX and inhibited DOX-induced caspase 9 and 3-like activation. Moreover, BER modulated autophagy in DOX-treated H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Interestingly, mitochondrial biogenesis markers were upregulated in in BER/DOX-treated cells. Sirt3 over-expression contributes to decrease DOX cytotoxicity on H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, while BER can be used as a modulator of Sirtuin function and cell quality control pathways to decrease DOX toxicity.
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Mohammadzadeh N, Mehri S, Hosseinzadeh H. Berberis vulgaris and its constituent berberine as antidotes and protective agents against natural or chemical toxicities. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:538-551. [PMID: 28656089 PMCID: PMC5478782 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Berberis vulgaris L (B. vulgaris) and its main constituent berberine have been used in traditional medicine for a long time. This medicinal plant and berberine have many properties that have attracted the attention of researchers over the time. According to several studies, B. vulgaris and berberine exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anti-Alzheimer, anti-cancer, anti-arrhythmic, antiviral, antibacterial and anti-diabetic effects in both in vitro and invivo experiments. In regard to many reports on protective effects of B. vulgaris and berberine on natural and chemical toxins, in the current review article, the inhibitory effects of these compounds against natural, industrial, environmental and chemical toxicities with focus on cellular mechanism have been categorized. It has been mentioned that berberine could ameliorate toxicity of chemical toxins in brain, heart, kidney, liver and lung in part through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Imenshahidi M, Hosseinzadeh H. Berberis Vulgaris and Berberine: An Update Review. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1745-1764. [PMID: 27528198 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid present in several plants, including Coptis sp. and Berberis sp. Berberine is a customary component in Chinese medicine, and is characterized by a diversity of pharmacological effects. An extensive search in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Wiley, ProQuest, ISI, and Science Direct) were used to identify the pharmacological and clinical studies on Berberis vulgaris and berberine, during 2008 to 2015, using 'berberine' and 'Berberis vulgaris' as search words. We found more than 1200 new article studying the properties and clinical uses of berberine and B. vulgaris, for treating tumor, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, bacterial and viral infections, cerebral ischemia trauma, mental disease, Alzheimer disease, osteoporosis, and so on. In this article, we have updated the pharmacological effects of B. vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Imenshahidi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Liu H, Guo H, Xiong C, Xie K, Zhang X, Su S. Protective effect of berberine on doxorubicin‑induced acute hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3953-60. [PMID: 27035423 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), a potent broad‑spectrum chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of several types of cancer, is largely limited due to its serious side effects on non‑target organs. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, could reduce DOX‑induced acute hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups: i) Control group, ii) DOX group, iii) DOX+Ber (5 mg kg) group; iv) DOX+Ber (10 mg kg), and v) DOX+Ber (20 mg kg) group. In the tests, body weight, organ index, general condition and mortality were observed. In addition, the serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TCHO) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined to evaluate hepatorenal function. Hepatorenal toxicity was further assessed using hematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Furthermore, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat serum or tissue homogenate were also assessed to determine the mechanisms of action. Results suggested that pretreatment with Ber ameliorated the DOX‑induced liver and kidney injury by lowering the serum ALT, AST, TCHO and BUN levels, and the damage observed histologically, such as hemorrhage and focal necrosis of liver and kidney tissues induced by DOX were also attenuated by Ber. Furthermore, Ber also exerted certain antioxidative properties through reversing the changes in the levels of MDA, SOD, GSH and MDA induced by DOX. These findings indicate that Ber has protective effects against DOX‑induced acute hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Combination of Ber with DOX is a novel strategy that has the potential for protecting against DOX‑induced hepatorenal toxicity in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Family Planning Research Institute of Hebei, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongning Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Huanlong Liu
- Pharmaceutical Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Huicai Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Chen Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Kerang Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Suwen Su
- The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
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Suman RK, Borde MK, Mohanty IR, Maheshwari U, Deshmukh YA. Myocardial Salvaging Effects of Berberine in Experimental Diabetes Co-Existing with Myocardial Infarction. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:FF13-8. [PMID: 27134894 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/15794.7459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the Berberis aristata, has been shown to display a wide array of pharmacological activities (hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic). AIM The present study was designed to investigate whether these pharmacological properties translate into the cardioprotective effects of Berberine in the setting of diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Necessary approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee was taken for the study. Experimental diabetes was produced with single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ): 45mg/kg ip and myocardial infarction was induced by administering Isoproterenol (ISP): 85mg/kg, sc to rats on 35(th) & 36(th) day. After the confirmation of diabetes on 7(th) day (>200mg/dl), Berberine (100 mg/kg) was administered orally to experimental rats from day 8 and continued for 30 days thereafter. Various anti-diabetic (Glucose, HbA1c), cardioprotective (CPK-MB), metabolic (lipid profile), safety {liver function (SGPT, kidney function (Creatinine)} and histopathological indices of injury were evaluated in Healthy Control, Diabetic Control and Berberine treated groups. RESULTS Administration of STZ-ISP resulted in a significant decrease in body weight (p<0.001), diabetic changes (increase in blood glucose, HbA1c), cardiac injury (leakage of myocardial CPK-MB), altered lipid profile, SGPT, creatinine levels (p<0.001) in the diabetic control group rats as compared to healthy control. Berberine treatment demonstrated significant antidiabetic as well as myocardial salvaging effects as indicated by restoration of blood glucose, HbA1c and CPK-MB levels (p<0.001) compared to diabetic control group. In addition, Berberine favourably modulated the lipid parameters (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL). Subsequent to ISP challenge, histopathological assessment of heart, pancreas and biochemical indices of injury confirmed the cardioprotective effects of Berberine in setting of diabetes. In addition, Berberine was found to be safe to the liver and kidney. CONCLUSION Berberine treatment produced myocardial salvaging effects in the setting of diabetes challenged with ISP induced myocardial necrosis. Cardioprotection may be attributed to anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar Suman
- Tutor, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Manjusha K Borde
- Tutor, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ipseeta Ray Mohanty
- Professor, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ujwala Maheshwari
- Professor, Department of Pathology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Y A Deshmukh
- Professor and Head, Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College , Navi Mumbai, India
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Ovatodiolide sensitizes aggressive breast cancer cells to doxorubicin, eliminates their cancer stem cell-like phenotype, and reduces doxorubicin-associated toxicity. Cancer Lett 2015; 364:125-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Hao G, Yu Y, Gu B, Xing Y, Xue M. Protective effects of berberine against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats by inhibiting metabolism of doxorubicin. Xenobiotica 2015; 45:1024-9. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1034223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Protective Effects of Berberine on Isoproterenol-Induced Acute Myocardial Ischemia in Rats through Regulating HMGB1-TLR4 Axis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:849783. [PMID: 25477998 PMCID: PMC4247925 DOI: 10.1155/2014/849783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid originally isolated from the Chinese herb Coptis chinensis (Huanglian), has been shown to display a wide array of pharmacological activities. The present study was to investigate the effects of berberine against myocardial ischemia produced in rats by isoproterenol. 50 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized equally into five groups: a control group, an untreated model group, berberine (30, 60 mg/kg) treatment, or propranolol (30 mg/kg). Rats were treated for 12 days and then given isoproterenol, 85 mg/kg for 2 consecutive days by subcutaneous injection. ST-segment elevation was measured after the last administration. Serum levels of creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured after the rats were sacrificed. The hearts were excised for determining heart weight index, microscopic examination, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), toll-like receptor (TLR4), prodeath protein (Bax), antideath protein (Bcl-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) protein were determined by western blot. Berberine decreased the ST elevation induced by acute myocardial ischemia, and decreased serum levels of CK-MB, LDH, TNF-α, and IL-6. Berberine increased total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in myocardial tissue. Berberine can regulate HMGB1-TLR4 axis to protect myocardial ischemia.
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Janeesh PA, Abraham A. Robinin modulates doxorubicin-induced cardiac apoptosis by TGF-β1 signaling pathway in Sprague Dawley rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:989-98. [PMID: 25443416 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study focussed on the cardioprotective effect of robinin on doxorubicin-induced cardio-toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. After the experimental period, animals were sacrificed and the various parameters such as cardiac markers, toxicity parameters, antioxidant status, ROS generation, lipid peroxidation status and inflammatory parameters were assessed. Gene expression study by RT-PCR analysis and proteins expression study by western blotting were done. Doxorubicin causes significant increase in the levels of cardiac marker enzymes, namely lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phospokinase (CPK), toxicity parameters like serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT). Antioxidant enzyme levels were decreased; lipid peroxidation products in heart tissue and inflammatory markers, namely cyclooxygenase (COX2) and lipooxygenase (LOX15) were significantly increased. Gene expression study by RT-PCR analysis of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Smad2, murine double minute (Mdm2), Smad3, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A), Smad4 and Smad7 were significantly altered. The western blotting study of p53, Bcl-2 and Bax also showed altered expression. The supplementation of the Robinin along with DOX caused normalised level of all the above parameters and cardio-toxicity. This study revealed the cardioprotective nature of Robinin on doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity by modulating TGF-β1 signaling pathway in Sprague Dawley rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Janeesh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life sciences, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kariavattom Campus, 695 581, Kerala, India
| | - A Abraham
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life sciences, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kariavattom Campus, 695 581, Kerala, India.
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Lindsey ML, Lange RA, Parsons H, Andrews T, Aune GJ. The tell-tale heart: molecular and cellular responses to childhood anthracycline exposure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H1379-89. [PMID: 25217655 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00099.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the modern era of cancer chemotherapy that began in the mid-1940s, survival rates for children afflicted with cancer have steadily improved from 10% to current rates that approach 80% (60). Unfortunately, many long-term survivors of pediatric cancer develop chemotherapy-related health effects; 25% are afflicted with a severe or life-threatening medical condition, with cardiovascular disease being a primary risk (96). Childhood cancer survivors have markedly elevated incidences of stroke, congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary artery disease, and valvular disease (96). Their cardiac mortality is 8.2 times higher than expected (93). Anthracyclines are a key component of most curative chemotherapeutic regimens used in pediatric cancer, and approximately half of all childhood cancer patients are exposed to them (78). Numerous epidemiologic and observational studies have linked childhood anthracycline exposure to an increased risk of developing cardiomyopathy and CHF, often decades after treatment. The acute toxic effects of anthracyclines on cardiomyocytes are well described; however, myocardial tissue is comprised of additional resident cell types, and events occurring in the cardiomyocyte do not fully explain the pathological processes leading to late cardiomyopathy and CHF. This review will summarize the current literature regarding the cellular and molecular responses to anthracyclines, with an important emphasis on nonmyocyte cardiac cell types as well as those that mediate the myocardial injury response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merry L Lindsey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center and Jackson Center for Heart Research, Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Richard A Lange
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Helen Parsons
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas; and
| | - Thomas Andrews
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Gregory J Aune
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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Sontag DP, Wang J, Kardami E, Cattini PA. FGF-2 and FGF-16 Protect Isolated Perfused Mouse Hearts from Acute Doxorubicin-Induced Contractile Dysfunction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2013; 13:244-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-013-9203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Desai VG, Herman EH, Moland CL, Branham WS, Lewis SM, Davis KJ, George NI, Lee T, Kerr S, Fuscoe JC. Development of doxorubicin-induced chronic cardiotoxicity in the B6C3F1 mouse model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 266:109-21. [PMID: 23142469 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Serum levels of cardiac troponins serve as biomarkers of myocardial injury. However, troponins are released into the serum only after damage to cardiac tissue has occurred. Here, we report development of a mouse model of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced chronic cardiotoxicity to aid in the identification of predictive biomarkers of early events of cardiac tissue injury. Male B6C3F(1) mice were administered intravenous DOX at 3mg/kg body weight, or an equivalent volume of saline, once a week for 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14weeks, resulting in cumulative DOX doses of 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, and 42mg/kg, respectively. Mice were sacrificed a week following the last dose. A significant reduction in body weight gain was observed in mice following exposure to a weekly DOX dose for 1week and longer compared to saline-treated controls. DOX treatment also resulted in declines in red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, and hematocrit compared to saline-treated controls after the 2nd weekly dose until the 8th and 9th doses, followed by a modest recovery. All DOX-treated mice had significant elevations in cardiac troponin T concentrations in plasma compared to saline-treated controls, indicating cardiac tissue injury. Also, a dose-related increase in the severity of cardiac lesions was seen in mice exposed to 24mg/kg DOX and higher cumulative doses. Mice treated with cumulative DOX doses of 30mg/kg and higher showed a significant decline in heart rate, suggesting drug-induced cardiac dysfunction. Altogether, these findings demonstrate the development of DOX-induced chronic cardiotoxicity in B6C3F(1) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha G Desai
- Personalized Medicine Branch, Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
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Zhao X, Zhang J, Tong N, Chen Y, Luo Y. Protective effects of berberine on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:796-800. [PMID: 22687420 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin, a very potent and often used anti-cancer drug, is largely limited due to the dose-related toxic effects. The present study investigated whether berberine, a natural product alkaloid, can reduce the liver injury induced by doxorubicin. Mice of either gender were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, doxorubicin group, berberine group, and berberine+doxorubicin group. In the tests, body weight, general condition and mortality of the mice were observed, and serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase levels were determined to evaluate liver function. Furthermore, the liver was excised for determination of the weight changes, as well as histopathological analysis in the tissues. Mortality rate and significant decline in body weight, and increased plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase activities were observed in doxorubicin-treated mice. These changes were significantly prevented by pretreatment with berberine. Histopathological studies showed that doxorubicin caused structural injuries, such as vascular congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis, fibrosis in the liver. These histopathological changes were largely attenuated by berberine pretreatment. These findings indicate that berberine has the hepatoprotective effect on doxorubicin-induced liver injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Lv X, Yu X, Wang Y, Wang F, Li H, Wang Y, Lu D, Qi R, Wang H. Berberine inhibits doxorubicin-triggered cardiomyocyte apoptosis via attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and increasing Bcl-2 expression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47351. [PMID: 23077597 PMCID: PMC3471849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important event in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiac injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protection of berberine (Ber) against DOX- triggered cardiomyocyte apoptosis in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and rats. In neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, Ber attenuated DOX-induced cellular injury and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. However, Ber has no significant effect on viability of MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with DOX. Ber reduced caspase-3 and caspase-9, but not caspase-8 activity in DOX-treated cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, Ber decreased adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) and p53 phosphorylation at 2 h, cytosolic cytochrome c and mitochondrial Bax levels and increased Bcl-2 level at 6 h in DOX-stimulated cardiomyocytes. Pretreatment with compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, also suppressed p53 phosphorylation and apoptosis in DOX-treated cardiomyocytes. DOX stimulation for 30 min led to a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and a rise in the AMP/ATP ratio. Ber markedly reduced DOX-induced mitochondrial membrane potential loss and an increase in the AMP/ATP ratio at 1 h and 2 h post DOX exposure. In in vivo experiments, Ber significantly improved survival, increased stroke volume and attenuated myocardial injury in DOX-challenged rats. TUNEL and Western blot assays showed that Ber not only decreased myocardial apoptosis, caspase-3 activation, AMPKα and p53 phosphorylation, but also increased Bcl-2 expression in myocardium of rats exposed to DOX for 84 h. These findings indicate that Ber attenuates DOX-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via protecting mitochondria, inhibiting an increase in the AMP/ATP ratio and AMPKα phosphorylation as well as elevating Bcl-2 expression, which offer a novel mechanism responsible for protection of Ber against DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Faqiang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daxiang Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Renbin Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
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