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Hamada R, Giovambattista G, Metwally S, Borjigin L, Polat Yamanaka M, Matsuura R, Ali AO, Mahmoud HYAH, Mohamed AEA, Kyaw Moe K, Takeshima SN, Wada S, Aida Y. First characterization of major histocompatibility complex class II DRB3 diversity in cattle breeds raised in Egypt. Gene 2024:148491. [PMID: 38649062 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Genes encoding bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA) enable the immune system to identify pathogens. Therefore, these genes have been used as genetic markers for infectious and autoimmune diseases as well as for immunological traits in cattle. Although BoLA polymorphisms have been reported in various cattle breeds worldwide, they have not been studied in cattle populations. In this study, we characterized BoLA-DRB3 in two local Egyptian populations and one foreign population using polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) method. Fifty-four previously reported BoLA-DRB3 alleles and eight new alleles (BoLA-DRB3*005:08, *015:07, *016:03, *017:04, *020:02:02, *021:03, *164:01, and *165:01) were identified. Alignment analysis of the eight new alleles revealed 89.5-98.7 %, and 81.0-97.5 % nucleotide and amino acid identities, respectively, with the BoLA-DRB3 cDNA clone NR-1. Interestingly, BoLA-DRB3 in Egyptian cattle showed a high degree of allelic diversity in native (na = 28, hE > 0.95), mixed (na = 61, hE > 0.96), and Holstein (na = 18, hE > 0.88) populations. BoLA-DRB3*002:01 (14.3 %), BoLA-DRB3*001:01 (8.5 %), and BoLA-DRB3*015:01 (20.2 %) were the most frequent alleles in native, mixed, and Holstein populations, respectively, indicating that the genetic profiles differed in each population. Based on the allele frequencies of BoLA-DRB3, genetic variation among Egyptian, Asian, African, and American breeds was examined using Nei's distances and principal component analysis. The results suggested that native and mixed cattle populations were most closely associated with African breeds in terms of their gene pool, whereas Holstein cattle were more distinct from the other breeds and were closely related to Holstein cattle populations from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamada
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour City, El Beheira 22511, Egypt
| | - Guillermo Giovambattista
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UNLP, IGEVET - Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (UNLP-CONICET LA PLATA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Samy Metwally
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour City, El Beheira 22511, Egypt
| | - Liushiqi Borjigin
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - Ryosuke Matsuura
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Alsagher O Ali
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Hassan Y A H Mahmoud
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Adel E A Mohamed
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Kyaw Kyaw Moe
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Veterinary Science, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Shin-Nosuke Takeshima
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoko Aida
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Hamada R, Fereig RM, Metwally S. The influence of risk factors on bovine leukemia virus infection and proviral load in egyptian cattle. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:191-202. [PMID: 37610507 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the etiological agent of enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL), which affects cattle globally. In Egypt, BLV control strategies have been ignored because of the shortage of BLV research studies and the silent infection in most animals. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the prevalence of BLV among dairy and beef cattle from six different geographic and climatic provinces in Egypt. Additionally, risk factors affecting the BLV proviral load (PVL) among the positive cattle were targeted. The total BLV prevalence in cattle from six investigated Egyptian provinces was 24.2% (105/433), while the mean PVL (8651.6 copies /105 white blood cells) was absolutely high as estimated by the BLV-CoCoMo-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-2 assay. Analysis of the influence of risk factors (age, sex, breed, production type, farm size, and location) on BLV prevalence indicated that the Holstein breed (OR = 1.582, p = 0.007), beef cattle (OR = 1.088, p = 0.0001), large-size farms (OR = 1.26, p = 0.0001), and cattle from Damietta (OR = 1.43, p = 0.0001) and Cairo (OR = 1.16, p = 0.0001) were ultimately proven the most important risks for BLV infection. The risk factors were analyzed considering the BLV PVL levels in the BLV-positive cases. Significantly high PVL (HPVL) levels were observed in cattle > 5 years old (p < 0.0001), females (p = 0.0008), Holstein (p < 0.0001), dairy cows (p = 0.0053), large-size farms (p < 0.0001), and cattle from Damietta (p < 0.0001) compared to other categories. Contrary, no significant differences in PVL levels were reported between the Native and Mixed cattle breeds (p = 0.13). Ultimately, the logistic regression model indicated that the probability of carrying HPVL in cattle > 5 years is 1.27 (95% CI: 1.03-2.09, p < 0.001) times more likely compared to cattle < 2 years old. In conclusion, the findings were valuably correlating the BLV prevalence with PVL as an indicator of the risk of BLV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamada
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, 22511, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Ragab M Fereig
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena City, Qena, Egypt
| | - Samy Metwally
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, 22511, Damanhour, Egypt.
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8657, Tokyo, Japan.
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Elshafey BG, Elfadadny A, Metwally S, Saleh AG, Ragab RF, Hamada R, Mandour AS, Hendawy AO, Alkazmi L, Ogaly HA, Batiha GES. Association between biochemical parameters and ultrasonographic measurement for the assessment of hepatic lipidosis in dairy cows. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2023.2170284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Besheer G. Elshafey
- Department of Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elfadadny
- Department of Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Samy Metwally
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Asmaa G. Saleh
- Department of Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Rokaia F. Ragab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Rania Hamada
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Mandour
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amin Omar Hendawy
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Luay Alkazmi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan A. Ogaly
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Hamada R, Metwally S, Matsuura R, Borjigin L, Lo CW, Ali AO, Mohamed AEA, Wada S, Aida Y. BoLA-DRB3 Polymorphism Associated with Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection and Proviral Load in Holstein Cattle in Egypt. Pathogens 2023; 12:1451. [PMID: 38133334 PMCID: PMC10746042 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12121451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the etiological agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, the most prevalent neoplastic disease of cattle worldwide. The immune response to BLV and disease susceptibility and resistance in cattle are strongly correlated with the bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 allelic polymorphism. BLV infection continues to spread in Egypt, in part because the relationships between BLV infection, proviral load in Egypt, and BoLA-DRB3 polymorphism are unknown. Here, we identified 18 previously reported alleles in 121 Holstein cows using a polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing method. Furthermore, BoLA-DRB3 gene polymorphisms in these animals were investigated for their influence on viral infection. BoLA-DRB3*015:01 and BoLA-DRB3*010:01 were identified as susceptible and resistant alleles, respectively, for BLV infection in the tested Holsteins. In addition, BoLA-DRB3*012:01 was associated with low PVL in previous reports but high PVL in Holstein cattle in Egypt. This study is the first to demonstrate that the BoLA-DRB3 polymorphism confers resistance and susceptibility to PVL and infections of BLV in Holstein cattle in Egypt. Our results can be useful for the disease control and eradication of BLV through genetic selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamada
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (R.H.); (S.M.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (C.-W.L.)
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour City 22511, Egypt
| | - Samy Metwally
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (R.H.); (S.M.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (C.-W.L.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour City 22511, Egypt
| | - Ryosuke Matsuura
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (R.H.); (S.M.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (C.-W.L.)
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Liushiqi Borjigin
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (R.H.); (S.M.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Chieh-Wen Lo
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (R.H.); (S.M.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (C.-W.L.)
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Alsagher O. Ali
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City 83523, Egypt; (A.O.A.); (A.E.A.M.)
| | - Adel E. A. Mohamed
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City 83523, Egypt; (A.O.A.); (A.E.A.M.)
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;
| | - Yoko Aida
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (R.H.); (S.M.); (R.M.); (L.B.); (C.-W.L.)
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Borjigin L, Watanuki S, Hamada R, Bai L, Hirose T, Sato H, Yoneyama S, Yasui A, Yasuda S, Yamanaka R, Mimura M, Baba M, Inokuma M, Fujita K, Shinozaki Y, Tanaka N, Takeshima SN, Aida Y. Effectiveness of integrated bovine leukemia virus eradication strategies utilizing cattle carrying resistant and susceptible major histocompatibility complex class II DRB3 alleles. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:9393-9409. [PMID: 37641252 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) has spread worldwide and causes serious problems in the cattle industry owing to the lack of effective treatments and vaccines. Bovine leukemia virus is transmitted via horizontal and vertical infection, and cattle with high BLV proviral load (PVL), which is a useful index for estimating disease progression and transmission risk, are considered major infectious sources within herds. The PVL strongly correlates with highly polymorphic bovine lymphocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 alleles. The BoLA-DRB3*015:01 and *012:01 alleles are known susceptibility-associated markers related to high PVL, and cattle with susceptible alleles may be at a high risk of BLV transmission via direct contact with healthy cows. In contrast, the BoLA-DRB3*009:02 and *014:01:01 alleles comprise resistant markers associated with the development of low PVL, and cattle with resistant alleles may be low-risk spreaders for BLV transmission and disrupt the BLV transmission chain. However, whether polymorphisms in BoLA-DRB3 are useful for BLV eradication in farms remains unknown. Here, we conducted a validation trial of the integrated BLV eradication strategy to prevent new infection by resistant cattle and actively eliminate susceptible cattle in addition to conventional BLV eradication strategies to maximally reduce the BLV prevalence and PVL using a total of 342 cattle at 4 stall-barn farms in Japan from 2017 to 2019. First, we placed the resistant milking cattle between the BLV-positive and BLV-negative milking cattle in a stall barn for 3 yr. Interestingly, the resistant cattle proved to be an effective biological barrier to successfully block the new BLV infections in the stall-barn system among all 4 farms. Concomitantly, we actively eliminated cattle with high PVL, especially susceptible cattle. Indeed, 39 of the 60 susceptible cattle (65%), 76 of the 140 neutral cattle (54%), and 20 of the 41 resistant cattle (48.8%) were culled on 4 farms for 3 years. Consequently, BLV prevalence and mean PVL decreased in all 4 farms. In particular, one farm achieved BLV-free status in May 2020. By decreasing the number of BLV-positive animals, the revenue-enhancing effect was estimated to be ¥5,839,262 ($39,292.39) for the 4 farms over 3 yr. Our results suggest that an integrated BLV eradication program utilization of resistant cattle as a biological barrier and the preferential elimination of susceptible cattle are useful for BLV infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liushiqi Borjigin
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
| | - Sonoko Watanuki
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Rania Hamada
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Lanlan Bai
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hirose
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sato
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shuji Yoneyama
- Kenou Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-0905, Japan
| | - Anna Yasui
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan
| | - Sohei Yasuda
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan
| | - Risa Yamanaka
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan
| | - Munehito Mimura
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan
| | - Miho Baba
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan
| | | | - Keisuke Fujita
- Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Chiba 262-0011, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shinozaki
- Nanbu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-0033, Japan
| | - Naoko Tanaka
- Nanbu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-0033, Japan
| | - Shin-Nosuke Takeshima
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Food and Nutrition, Jumonji University, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan
| | - Yoko Aida
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan..
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Metwally S, Bkear N, Badr Y, Elshafey B, Alhag SK, Al-Shuraym LA, Batiha G, Fakhry B, Hamada R. A Newly Emerging Serotype A Strain in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus with Higher Severity and Mortality in Buffalo than in Cattle Calves in North Egypt. Vet Sci 2023; 10:488. [PMID: 37624275 PMCID: PMC10457878 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A severe foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) epidemic struck several Egyptian provinces recently, causing significant losses among animals even in vaccinated farms. This study indicated the existence of the newly emerging foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and first investigated its effect on the Egyptian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and cattle calves in the Beheira province, north Egypt. Twenty tongue epithelial samples from diseased calves in five infected farms were randomly collected, prepared, and propagated using baby hamster kidney-21 (BHK-21) cells. Whole genomic RNA was extracted from the cells of the third passage. A FMDV genome was detected and serotyped using one-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCRs). Nucleotide sequencing of the purified serotype-specific PCR bands was performed, and a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on 600 base pairs of VP1 was constructed. The results identified FMDV, serotype A in all infected samples, whereas the serotypes O and SAT2 were negative. The obtained 20 sequences were identical to each other and similar to the newly reported strain in Egypt that belongs to the Europe-South America (Euro-SA) topotype. The epidemiological and clinical parameters associated with such a strain were fully recorded by veterinarians and analyzed in a single infected farm including 70 cattle and buffalo calves. It caused higher peracute mortalities in buffalo (25.7%; 95% CI: 13-43) than in cattle (8.6%; 95% CI: 2-24) calves. Severe clinical signs such as dullness, hypothermia, bradycardia, and cardiac arrhythmia were common to both except in fatal cases, whereas hyperthermia and respiratory signs were prevalent in cattle calves. In conclusion, we first characterized the newly emerging FMDV in the calves of Beheira as more fatal and severe in buffalo than in cattle calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Metwally
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (N.B.); (Y.B.); (B.F.)
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Nabil Bkear
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (N.B.); (Y.B.); (B.F.)
| | - Yassien Badr
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (N.B.); (Y.B.); (B.F.)
| | - Besheer Elshafey
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Sadeq K. Alhag
- Biology Department, College of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Muhayl Asser 61913, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Laila A. Al-Shuraym
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gaber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Bassant Fakhry
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; (N.B.); (Y.B.); (B.F.)
| | - Rania Hamada
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
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Metwally S, Bkear N, Samir M, Hamada R, Elshafey B, Batiha G, Almanaa TN, Sobhy K, Badr Y. The First Serological Detection and Risk Factors Analysis of Akabane Virus in Egyptian Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1849. [PMID: 37889776 PMCID: PMC10252070 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Akabane virus (AKAV) is an insect-borne virus belonging to the genus Orthobunyavirus of the family Peribunyaviridae. It is the etiologic agent of Akabane disease (AD), which emerged in Asia, Australia, and the Middle East causing severe economic losses among domestic and wild animals. AKAV has not received enough attention in Egypt, and its evidence among Egyptian animals has never been reported. Therefore, this study used ELISA assay to investigate the seroprevalence of AKAV among Egyptian dairy and beef cattle in eight localities of Beheira province, north Egypt. Out of 368 investigated plasma samples, the overall AKAV seroprevalence was 54.3% (95% CI: 50.8-61.4). AKAV antibodies were detected in all examined cattle farms (7/7) and the majority of abattoirs (8/9). Age, sex, breed, and location of the tested cattle were analyzed as risk factors for AKAV infection. A higher significant increase in seropositivity was obtained in cattle who were aged >5 years (p < 0.0001; OR = 9.4), females (p < 0.0001, OR = 8.3), or Holstein breed (p < 0.0001, OR = 22.6) than in younger ages, males, and Mixed and Colombian zebu breeds, respectively. Moreover, a significant variation in AKAV seroprevalence between the tested locations was noticed. Ultimately, a multivariable analysis concluded that age (p = 0.002, OR = 3.32, 95% CI = 1.57-7.04) and breed (p = 0.03, OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.05-2.72) were significant risks for AKAV infection. In conclusion, this study is the first to detect AKAV infection in Egyptian animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Metwally
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Nabil Bkear
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Marwa Samir
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Rania Hamada
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Besheer Elshafey
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Gaber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Taghreed N. Almanaa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kamel Sobhy
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Yassien Badr
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
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Elfadadny A, Ragab RF, Hamada R, Al Jaouni SK, Fu J, Mousa SA, El-Far AH. Natural bioactive compounds-doxorubicin combinations targeting topoisomerase II-alpha: Anticancer efficacy and safety. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 461:116405. [PMID: 36716865 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, so pursuing effective and safe therapeutics for cancer is a key research objective nowadays. Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic agents that has been used to treat cancer with its antimitotic properties via inhibition of topoisomerase II (TOP2) activity. However, many problems hinder the broad use of DOX in clinical practice, including cardiotoxicity and drug resistance. Research in drug discovery has confirmed that natural bioactive compounds (NBACs) display a wide range of biological activities correlating to anticancer outcomes. The combination of NBACs has been seen to be an ideal candidate that might increase the effectiveness of DOX therapy and decreases its unfavorable adverse consequences. The current review discusses the chemo-modulatory mechanism and the protective effects of combined DOX with NBACs with a binding affinity (pKi) toward TOP2A more than pKi of DOX. This review will also discuss and emphasize the molecular mechanisms to provide a pathway for further studies to reveal other signaling pathways. Taken together, understanding the fundamental mechanisms and implications of combined therapy may provide a practical approach to battling cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elfadadny
- Department of Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt; Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Rokaia F Ragab
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Rania Hamada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
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9
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Metwally S, Hamada R, Sobhy K, Frey CF, Fereig RM. Seroprevalence and risk factors analysis of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in cattle of Beheira, Egypt. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1122092. [PMID: 36861008 PMCID: PMC9968803 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1122092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii are closely related obligate intracellular protozoan parasites. They are considered to be the major causes of infectious abortions and congenital abnormalities in livestock worldwide resulting in huge economic losses. Currently, there are no reports on the prevalence of neosporosis or toxoplasmosis in cattle in Beheira, Egypt's most important region for cattle industry. Methods The current study investigated the presence of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies in apparent healthy cattle from eight localities representing the whole area of Beheira. A total of 358 plasma samples were randomly collected from 6 dairy and 10 beef farms and analyzed by commercially available ELISAs. Production type (dairy versus beef), sex (female vs male), age (< 3 years, 3-5, and > 5 years old), breed (mixed vs Holstein vs Colombian Zebu), and location (various locations) were assessed as risk factors for N. caninum and T. gondii infections. Results and discussion Of the samples, 88 (24.6%) and 19 (5.3%) were positive for anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies, respectively, and mixed infection was detected in 7. Of the 16 herds, 6 dairy and 7 beef herds were positive for antibodies to N. caninum. Antibodies to T. gondii were detected in 4, and 5 of dairy and beef herds, respectively. Production type (dairy) and, therewith, sex (female), age (aged over 5 years), and location were considered as risk factors for N. caninum infection. No factors statistically associated with T. gondii infection were identified. Overall, this study provided the first serological detection of N. caninum and T. gondii infections in cattle from Beheira, demonstrating the endemicity of both parasites in the main cattle rearing region of Egypt. This study also confirmed earlier reports of N. caninum being more present in dairy cattle than in beef cattle. Routine monitoring of N. caninum and T. gondii infections and the implementation of control strategies are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Metwally
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Rania Hamada
- Clinical Pathology Division, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Kamel Sobhy
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Caroline F. Frey
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Caroline F. Frey ✉
| | - Ragab M. Fereig
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt,Ragab M. Fereig ✉
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Ghobashi E, Abd-Ellatieffb H, Goda W, Hamada R, Abou-Rawash AR, Hassan S. Clinico-Pathological Studies on Helicobacter pylori Infection in Albino Rats. Damanhour Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2022; 9:1-6. [DOI: 10.21608/djvs.2022.146381.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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CHAN E, Basu B, Ghiggeri G, Gillion-Boyer O, Hogan J, Ishikura K, Kamei K, Hamada R, Parekh R, Sinha R, Vivarelli M, Xu H, Yap H, Gipson- M. Kemper & other collaborators D, Tullus K. POS-467 Long-term efficacy and safety of repeated rituximab therapy in children with frequently-relapsing, steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome: an international multicentre study. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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12
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Borjigin L, Lo CW, Bai L, Hamada R, Sato H, Yoneyama S, Yasui A, Yasuda S, Yamanaka R, Mimura M, Inokuma M, Shinozaki Y, Tanaka N, Takeshima SN, Aida Y. Risk Assessment of Bovine Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II DRB3 Alleles for Perinatal Transmission of Bovine Leukemia Virus. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050502. [PMID: 33922152 PMCID: PMC8143451 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal transmission plays a critical role in the spread of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in cattle herds. In the Holstein breed, we previously identified BLV resistant and susceptible bovine leukocyte antigen (BoLA)-DRB3 alleles, including BoLA-DRB3*009:02 and *014:01:01 with a low BLV proviral load (PVL), and *015:01 and *012:01 with a high PVL. Here, we evaluated the perinatal BLV transmission risk in dams with different BoLA-DRB3 alleles. BoLA-DRB3 alleles of 120 dam-calf pairs from five dairy farms in Japan were identified; their PVL was quantified using the BLV-Coordination of Common Motifs (CoCoMo)-qPCR-2 assay. Ninety-six dams were BLV-positive, and 29 gave birth to BLV-infected calves. Perinatal transmission frequency was 19% in dams with resistant alleles suppressed to a low PVL level, and 38% and 25% in dams with susceptible and neutral alleles that maintained high PVL levels, respectively. Notably, all calves with resistant alleles were BLV free, whereas 30% of calves with susceptible genes were infected. Thus, vertical transmission risk was extremely lower for dams and calves with resistant alleles compared to those with susceptible alleles. Our results can inform the development of effective BLV eradication programs under field conditions by providing necessary data to allow for optimal selection of dams for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liushiqi Borjigin
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (L.B.); (L.B.); (H.S.)
- Baton Zone Program, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chieh-Wen Lo
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (C.-W.L.); (R.H.)
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Lanlan Bai
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (L.B.); (L.B.); (H.S.)
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (C.-W.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Rania Hamada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (C.-W.L.); (R.H.)
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Hirotaka Sato
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (L.B.); (L.B.); (H.S.)
- Baton Zone Program, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shuji Yoneyama
- Kenou Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-0905, Japan;
| | - Anna Yasui
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan; (A.Y.); (S.Y.); (R.Y.); (M.M.)
| | - Sohei Yasuda
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan; (A.Y.); (S.Y.); (R.Y.); (M.M.)
| | - Risa Yamanaka
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan; (A.Y.); (S.Y.); (R.Y.); (M.M.)
| | - Munehito Mimura
- Kumagaya Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kumagaya, Saitama 360-0813, Japan; (A.Y.); (S.Y.); (R.Y.); (M.M.)
| | | | - Yasuo Shinozaki
- Nanbu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-0033, Japan; (Y.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Naoko Tanaka
- Nanbu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kamogawa, Chiba 296-0033, Japan; (Y.S.); (N.T.)
| | - Shin-Nosuke Takeshima
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Jumonji University, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan;
| | - Yoko Aida
- Viral Infectious Diseases Unit, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; (L.B.); (L.B.); (H.S.)
- Baton Zone Program, Nakamura Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory of Global Infectious Diseases Control Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Metwally S, Hamada R, Ali AO, Mahmoud HYAH, Baker NM, Mohamed AEA, Wada S, Matsumoto Y, Aida Y. Detection and molecular characterization of bovine leukemia virus in beef cattle presented for slaughter in Egypt. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:1676-1684. [PMID: 33087638 PMCID: PMC7719883 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the etiological agent of enzootic bovine leukosis, the most common neoplastic disease of cattle worldwide and a serious problem
for the cattle industry. Previous studies have shown the molecular prevalence of BLV and the coexistence of BLV genotype-1 and -4 in Egyptian dairy cattle;
however, the molecular characteristics of BLV in Egyptian beef cattle are unknown. Therefore, we collected blood samples of 168 beef cattle from slaughterhouses
in three governorates in Egypt. Based on BLV-CoCoMo-qPCR-2 targeting long terminal repeats and nested PCR targeting the
env-gp51 gene, the BLV provirus infection rates were found to be 47/168 (28.0%) and 42/168 (25.0%), respectively.
Phylogenetic analysis based on 501 bp of the BLV env-gp51 gene from 42 BLV isolates revealed that at least six distinctive strains (b, e, f, g,
x, and z) were prevalent in cattle across the examined regions. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of the 420 bp sequence of the BLV env-gp51
region of the six strains against 11 known genotypes showed that the strains b, e, f, and g were clustered into genotype-1, and strains x and z were clustered
into genotype-4. Our results also indicated that strains b and x exist in both dairy and beef cattle in Egypt. The present study is the first to detect and
genotype BLV among beef cattle in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Metwally
- Laboratory of Global Animal Resource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.,Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour city, El Beheira 22511, Egypt
| | - Rania Hamada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Alsagher O Ali
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Hassan Y A H Mahmoud
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Nabil M Baker
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour city, El Beheira 22511, Egypt
| | - Adel E A Mohamed
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena City, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Global Animal Resource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoko Aida
- Laboratory of Global Animal Resource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.,Nakamura Laboratory, Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Hamada R, Metwally S, Polat M, Borjigin L, Ali AO, Abdel-Hady AAA, Mohamed AEA, Wada S, Aida Y. Detection and Molecular Characterization of Bovine Leukemia Virus in Egyptian Dairy Cattle. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:608. [PMID: 33134337 PMCID: PMC7511665 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), the most common neoplastic disease in cattle worldwide. The first EBL outbreak in Egypt was reported in 1997. To date, there are few studies regarding BLV diagnosis using only serological detection and no studies investigating the distribution of BLV provirus, which is the retroviral genome integrated into the host genome, in Egypt. The genetic characteristics of Egyptian BLV strains are also unknown. Therefore, we aimed to detect BLV provirus and determine BLV genetic variability among dairy cattle in Egypt. We collected 270 blood samples of dairy cattle from 24 farms located in five provinces in Egypt. Out of the 270 samples, 58 (21.5%) were positive for BLV provirus. Phylogenetic analysis based on 18 420-bp selected sequences out of 50 isolates of the BLV env-gp51 gene demonstrated that Egyptian BLV isolates were clustered into genotype-1 and-4, among 11 genotypes detected worldwide. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis and alignment of the 501-bp sequence of the env-gp51 gene revealed that at least six genetically different strains are present in Egypt. Genotype-1 isolates comprised four different strains (G1-a, G1-b, G1-c, and G1-d) and genotype-4 isolates included two different strains (G4-x and G4-y). Moreover, in one farm with 100% infection rate, we identified three isolates of G1-a strain, 35 isolates of G4-x strain, and two isolates of G4-y strain. Overall, this study provides the new report on molecular prevalence of BLV in Egypt and records the coexistence of BLV genotype-1 and-4 in Egyptian cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Hamada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Samy Metwally
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory of Global Animal Resource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Meripet Polat
- Nakamura Laboratory, Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Saitama, Japan
| | - Liushiqi Borjigin
- Nakamura Laboratory, Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Saitama, Japan
| | - Alsagher O Ali
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - A A A Abdel-Hady
- Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Adel E A Mohamed
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Satoshi Wada
- Photonics Control Technology Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoko Aida
- Laboratory of Global Animal Resource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Nakamura Laboratory, Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub, Saitama, Japan
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Hamada R, Kaminaga K, Suzuki K, Yokoya A. MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL, MORPHOLOGY AND ATP PRODUCTION IN MAMMALIAN CELLS EXPOSED TO X-RAYS. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2019; 183:98-101. [PMID: 30544200 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal the effect of X-irradiation on mitochondrial function in terms of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and ATP productivity. At the cellular level, ΔΨm was quantified using JC-1, a mitochondrial probe that emits red or green fluorescence at high or low ΔΨm sites, respectively. The fluorescence area was quantified for both colors together relative to the whole-cell area of the same cell. The fluorescence areas versus whole-cell areas varied widely among the irradiated cells depending on the X-ray doses received (6 and 10 Gy) and incubation time, although the relative red area to total mitochondrial area was rather constant. Average ATP concentrations temporarily increased and showed a maximum at 48 h after irradiation for largely G1-arrested cells. These results indicate that an increase of mitochondrial volume per cell, not simply an increase in their active sites, is induced by irradiation, resulting in enhanced ATP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hamada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tokai Quantum Beam Science Center, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 2-4 Shirakata-Oaza, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Kaminaga
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tokai Quantum Beam Science Center, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 2-4 Shirakata-Oaza, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Suzuki
- Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - A Yokoya
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
- Tokai Quantum Beam Science Center, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 2-4 Shirakata-Oaza, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
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Kawakami H, Kubota Y, Takeno S, Miyazaki Y, Wada T, Hamada R, Nanashima A. Gastrointestinal: Severe congestive heart failure and acute gastric mucosal necrosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:949. [PMID: 28449336 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Kawakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Center for Digestive Disease, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Y Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Center for Digestive Disease, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - S Takeno
- Center for Digestive Disease, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Y Miyazaki
- Center for Digestive Disease, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - T Wada
- Center for Digestive Disease, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - R Hamada
- Center for Digestive Disease, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - A Nanashima
- Center for Digestive Disease, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Okamoto S, Sakama T, Nakamura S, Niimura F, Sahin S, Ertan P, Evrengul H, Horasan G, Dede B, Berdeli A, Yildiz N, Cicek Deniz N, Asadov R, Yucelten D, Alpay H, Prado G, Schoeneman M, Mongia A, Paudyal B, Feygina V, Norin A, Hochman D, Tawadrous H, Bansilal V, Topaloglu R, Gulhan B, Bilginer Y, Celebi Tayfur A, Yildiz C, Ozaltin F, Duzova A, Ozen S, Aki T, Besbas N, Komaki F, Hamasaki Y, Ishikura K, Hamada R, Sakai T, Hataya H, Ogata K, Fukuzawa R, Ando T, Honda M, Malke A, Silska-Dittmar M, Soltysiak J, Blumczynski A, Ostalska-Nowicka D, Zachwieja J, Tabel Y, Oncul M, Elmas A, Kavaz A, Ozcakar ZB, Bulum B, Ekim M, Yalcinkaya F, Prikhodina L, Turpitko O, Dlin V, Gheith O, Alotaibi T, Nampoory N, Mosaad A, Halim M, Saied T, Abou Ateya H, Adel H, Mozarei I, Neir P, Hamasaki Y, Uemura O, Ishikura K, Ito S, Wada N, Hattori M, Ohashi Y, Tanaka R, Nakanishi K, Kaneko T, Honda M, Golovachova V, Odinets Y, Laszki-Szczachor K, Polak-Jonkisz D, Sobieszczanska M, Rusiecki L, Zwolinska D, Ninchoji T, Kaitoh H, Matsunoshita N, Nozu K, Nakanishi K, Yoshikawa N, Iijima K, Maglalang-Reed OM, Elises JS, Zamora MNV, Pasco P, Arejola-Tan A, Alparslan C, Dogan SM, Kose E, Elmas C, Kilinc S, Arslan N, Kebabci E, Karaca C, Yavascan O, Aksu N, Minson S, Munoz M, Vergara I, Mraz M, Vaughan R, Rees L, Olsburgh J, Calder F, Shroff R, Zaicova N, Kavaz A, Ozcakar ZB, Bulum B, Ekim M, Yalcinkaya F, Lavrenchuk O, Viktoria D, Savchenko V, Bagdasarova I, Doyon A, Bayazit A, Canpolat N, Duzova A, Kracht D, Litwin M, Ranchin B, Shroff R, Sozeri B, Wuhl E, Zeller R, Melk A, Querfeld U, Schaefer F, Sinha MD, Turner C, Booth CJ, Goldsmith DJA, Simpson JM. Paediatric nephrology - A. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Hamada R, Nakano M, Suehiro J, Konishi K, Kikutani T. Development of rapid oral bacteria detection apparatus based on dielectrophoretic impedance measurement method. IET Nanobiotechnol 2011; 5:25-31. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2010.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Wakita M, Matsuoka H, Hamada R, Kasuya J, Osame M. Isolated medial medullary infarction due to vertebral artery dissection. Neurol Sci 2003; 24:357-60. [PMID: 14716533 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-003-0189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2003] [Accepted: 09/12/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A 54-year-old man developed left hemiparesis and tactile and deep sensory disturbance following onset of rightside cervical pain. These symptoms resulted from an isolated infarct in the right medial area of the upper medulla oblongata and intracranial vertebral artery (VA) dissection. Atherosclerotic disease of the VA is the most common cause of medial medullary infarction. In past reports of isolated medial medullary infarction, only a few cases involved VA dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wakita
- Division of Neurology, National Hospital Kyusha Cardiovascular Center, 8-1 Shiroyamacho, Kagoshima 892-0853, Japan
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Iwata Y, Arisawa M, Hamada R, Kita Y, Mizutani MY, Tomioka N, Itai A, Miyamoto S. Discovery of Novel Aldose Reductase Inhibitors Using a Protein Structure-Based Approach: 3D-Database Search Followed by Design and Synthesis. J Med Chem 2001; 44:1718-28. [PMID: 11356107 DOI: 10.1021/jm000483h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR) has been implicated in the etiology of diabetic complications. Due to the limited number of currently available drugs for the treatment of diabetic complications, we have carried out structure-based drug design and synthesis in an attempt to find new types of AR inhibitors. With the ADAM&EVE program, a three-dimensional database (ACD3D) was searched using the ligand binding site of the AR crystal structure. Out of 179 compounds selected through this search followed by visual inspection, 36 compounds were purchased and subjected to a biological assay. Ten compounds showed more than 40% inhibition of AR at a 15 microg/mL concentration. In a subsequent lead optimization, a series of analogues of the most active compound were synthesized based on the docking mode derived by ADAM&EVE. Many of these congeners exhibited higher activities compared to the mother compound. Indeed, the most potent, synthesized compound showed an approximately 20-fold increase in inhibitory activity (IC(50) = 0.21 vs 4.3 microM). Furthermore, a hydrophobic subsite was newly inferred, which would be useful for the design of inhibitors with improved affinity for AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Iwata
- Exploratory Chemistry Research Laboratories, Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58, Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan
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Fujishima M, Yao H, Terashi A, Tagawa K, Matsumoto M, Hara H, Akiguchi I, Suzuki K, Nishimaru K, Udaka F, Gyoten T, Takeuchi J, Hamada R, Yoshida Y, Ibayashi S. Deep white matter lesions on MRI, and not silent brain infarcts are related to headache and dizziness of non-specific cause in non-stroke Japanese subjects. Intern Med 2000; 39:727-31. [PMID: 10969904 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.39.727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Silent or asymptomatic cerebrovascular disease is believed to be an important risk factor for symptomatic stroke and vascular dementia. Although non-specific complaints such as mild to moderate headache and/or dizziness may also be caused by silent stroke, which remains a topic of controversy. METHODS To investigate the relationship between silent brain infarcts and non-specific complaints, we assessed findings on magnetic resonance images using a common protocol in the following three groups of subjects; Group 1:78 subjects with non-specific complaints, Group 2:47 subjects with vascular risk factors, and Group 3:75 normal subjects without any subjective complaints or vascular risk factors. In addition to silent stroke, deep white matter lesions on MRI were also evaluated. All subjects were recruited from 12 institutes of the study group located at various parts of Japan. RESULTS Silent brain infarcts were demonstrated in 44%, 43%, and 20% of subjects in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In Group 1, the average number of infarcts per individual who had silent brain infarction was 1.8, which was significantly fewer than 3.8 in Group 2 or 3.5 in Group 3 (p<0.0167). White matter lesions were found in 68%, 49%, and 11% in Groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, indicating that non-specific complaints are more closely related to deep white matter lesions than to silent infarct lesions. Such white matter lesions were found more frequently in subjects with depressive state than in non-depressed subjects (67% vs. 39%, p=0.0155). CONCLUSION The present results suggest that deep white matter lesions, rather than silent brain infarcts, appear to be important in producing headache and/or dizziness of non-specific cause and also to be related to the depressive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fujishima
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
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Parquet MC, Yatsuhashi H, Koga M, Inoue O, Matsumoto T, Hamada R, Igarashi A, Yano M. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of TT virus (TTV) in patients with sporadic acute hepatitis of unknown etiology. J Hepatol 1999; 31:985-9. [PMID: 10604570 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(99)80309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Recently, a novel DNA virus was isolated from the serum of a patient with post-transfusion non-A-G hepatitis and named TT virus. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of TT virus infection in patients with sporadic acute hepatitis of unknown etiology. METHODS TT virus was investigated in the serum of 66 patients with sporadic acute hepatitis non-A-G and 50 healthy controls by semi-nested PCR with previously published primers. RESULTS TT virus was detected in 17 (26%) of the 66 patients with sporadic acute hepatitis non-A-G and in a slightly higher rate (34%,17/50) in the control group. No significant differences in alanine aminotransferase or bilirubin concentrations were observed between the groups of patients with or without TT virus infection. Eighty per cent (12/15) of patients for whom follow up was possible had persistent viremia from 4 to 36 months, and 67% (8/12) of these patients had already normalized their levels of alanine aminotransferase. A phylogenetic tree constructed by the Neighbor Joining Method revealed that all isolates in this study were grouped within genotype 1a and 1b, without showing any association between genetic type and development of hepatic disease. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that TT virus DNA is present not only in patients with sporadic acute hepatitis non-A-G but also in a large proportion of the general population. This virus was not likely to be the causative agent of hepatitis among the patients in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Parquet
- Institute for Clinical Research, Nagasaki Chuo National Hospital, Omura City, Nagasaki City, Japan
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Sugisaki K, Takahashi SI, Yoshidomi Y, Shinada K, Mitomi O, Uchishiba E, Hamada R, Kato T, Aoki S. Influence of fabrication errors on wölter mirror imaging performance. Appl Opt 1998; 37:8057-8066. [PMID: 18301698 DOI: 10.1364/ao.37.008057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The resolution of the Wölter mirror, which is utilized as an objective in soft-x-ray microscopes, is limited by fabrication errors. We studied the relation between fabrication errors and imaging performance of the Wölter mirror to determine how this performance could be improved. Figure errors, which are characterized by low spatial frequency, were analyzed by ray tracing, and surface roughness, characterized by high spatial frequency, was analyzed by modified ray tracing. Modified ray tracing was based on ray tracing but took scattering into account. The results of these analyses were compared with experimental data. As a result, we obtained a simple and practical fabricating tolerance criterion that may be employed to obtain higher Wölter mirror resolution. Additionally, we discuss problems in current Wölter mirror fabrication techniques and the changes that might be made in both the design and the fabrication process to improve imaging performance.
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Hamada R, Arimura K, Osame M. Maternal-fetal mercury transport and fetal methylmercury poisoning. Met Ions Biol Syst 1997; 34:405-20. [PMID: 9046577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Hamada
- Division of Neurology, Minamikyushu-Chuo National Hospital, Kagoshima City, Japan
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Fuyama Y, Hamada R, Uehara R, Yano I, Fujiwara M, Matoba M, Kawamura K, Nonaka Z, Maekawa K. Long-term follow up of abdominal aortic aneurysm complicating Kawasaki disease: comparison of the effectiveness of different imaging methods. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1996; 38:252-5. [PMID: 8741316 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1996.tb03480.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A 2 month old boy with Kawasaki disease developed the rare complication of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). He was followed up over 7 years by ultrasonography (2D-ECHO) with and without Doppler flow evaluation, angiography and computed tomography. Calcification was noted 33 months after the onset of the disease but the aneurysm did not decrease in size. 2D-ECHO was adequate for evaluating the size of an aneurysm, but did not show thrombus formation or calcification. Doppler flow studies did not show abnormally high blood flow velocities either at the inflow or outlet of aneurysms, which are indicative of stenosis. On the other hand an abdominal aortogram provided information regarding the luminal shape and abnormalities in flow pattern suggestive of thrombus formation. Fluoroscopy cannot demonstrate calcification in the early stages. Computed tomography (CT) was the imaging method of choice for the evaluation of obstructive or calcific changes; an organizing thrombus was clearly demonstrated and early detection of calcification was possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fuyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kaiguri PM, Okoth FA, Lida F, Matsumura N, Tuei J, Mathenge EG, Kasomo A, Ireri E, Kamati GM, Osidiana VO, Owino NR, Kuiundu JM, Njuguna AW, Tukei PM, Yano M, Fujino T, Yatsuhashi H, Koga M, Hamada R, Fukui T, Nagatomo M. Detection of HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA viral sequences by polymerase chain reaction in selected Kenyan samples and the relationship to HBV seromarkers. Afr J Health Sci 1996; 3:51-5. [PMID: 17451299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We undertook a study on selected samples from patients who had presented with viral hepatitis and conditions of the liver (liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma). Diagnosis, screening and confirmation for viral hepatitis was done using a battery of techniques: ultrasound, conventional serological methods (Hepatitis B surface Antigen [HBsAg] - Reverse Passive Haemagglutination [RPHA], Hepatitis B core Antibody [HBcAb] - Passive Haemagglutination [PHA], Alpha-feto Protein - RPHA), Hepatitis B e Antigen/Antibody [HBeAg/Ab] - Radioimmunoassay [RIA], Hepatitis C antibody [HCV-Ab] - Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay [EIA]. Due to the high specificity and sensitivity of the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique [PCR] in detecting the viral genomes, it was used to establish the presence of the HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA to correlate the serological diagnosis of their respective seromarkers. A total of 39 serum samples were tested comprising 11 blood donors, 8 chronic liver disease patients and 20 hepatocellular carcinoma cases. 4/19 (21%) HCV-antibody (C-l) reactive samples were found to be positive for HCV-RNA by PCR. 14 of the 19 (73.7%) including the 4 HCV-RNA positive cases tested positive for HBcAb. 6 of 11 (55%) HBsAg positive cases also tested positive for HBV-DNA by PCR, In 8 of 20 (40%) hepatocellular carcinoma cases, no aetiological role could be assigned to hepatitis B or C as only HBcAb was demonstrated in those cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Kaiguri
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 54840, Nairobi
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Hamada R, Yano I, Fujiwara M, Matoba M, Kawamura K, Nonaka Z, Maekawa K. CT screening for unrecognized coronary sequel of Kawasaki disease. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1995; 37:416-8. [PMID: 7645403 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1995.tb03346.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Hamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nemoto
- Electrophysiology Laboratory, Kanagawa Prefecture Midwives and Nurses Training School Hospital, Japan
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Hamada R, Yoshida Y, Nomoto M, Osame M, Igata A, Mishima I, Kuwano A. Computed tomography in fetal methylmercury poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1993; 31:101-6. [PMID: 8433405 DOI: 10.3109/15563659309000377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral computed tomography was studied in eight patients with fetal methylmercury poisoning. All patients had evidence of prenatal exposure to methylmercury and showed psychomotor retardation. All of them had abnormal computed tomography findings. The most common finding was sulcal and ventricular enlargement, with or without cisternal enlargement. These findings indicated generalized cortical and subcortical maldevelopment. The distribution of sulcal and fissural enlargement did not show specific dominance in central sulcus, calcarine fissure or cerebellum. This distribution contrasts with the location of focal atrophy present in adult methylmercury poisoning. The computed tomography findings were relatively mild compared with the clinical features and were not distinct from those in cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hamada
- Minamikyushu-Chuo National Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
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Yoshida Y, Nakano A, Hamada R, Kamitsuchibashi H, Yamamoto K, Akagi H, Kitazono M, Osame M. Patients with homocystinuria: high metal concentrations in hair, blood and urine. Acta Neurol Scand 1992; 86:490-5. [PMID: 1481630 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb05130.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Patients with homocystinuria excrete a large amount of metal in their urine. Homocysteine similar to penicillamine, administration to methylmercury treated rats resulted in a large amount of urinary methylmercury excretion. These results suggested that the total metal amounts in the whole body of patients with homocystinuria might be decreased. However, actually metal concentrations in hair and plasma of these patients were higher than those of normal controls. High plasma and hair metal levels are not accounted for in patients with homocystinuria. The physiological metal excretory mechanism in which small amounts of metals bind to the small, plasma molecular substances filter through the kidney and emerge in the urine is necessary for reconfirmation. Strongly perturbed metal metabolism exists in the patients with homocystinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoshida
- School of Allied Medical Science, Kagoshima University, Japan
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Abstract
Patients with Minamata disease (methylmercury intoxication) usually suffer from the glove and stocking type hypesthesia in the extremities. Recently it is believed that the sensory disturbance of the disease may be a manifestation of the cerebral involvement. The aim of this study was to determine the pain threshold of their extremities and body by algesimeter. The results showed that a majority of the patients had elevated pain thresholds in the body and the extremities, and suggest that the pain impairment is not responsible for the peripheral nerve involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoshida
- National Institute for Minamata Disease, Japan
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Hamada R, Fukushima K, Oikawa T, Ida H, Nonaka Z, Maekawa K. Absent pulmonary valve syndrome with tetralogy of Fallot: a rare radiographic presentation. Pediatr Cardiol 1991; 12:64. [PMID: 1997991 DOI: 10.1007/bf02238507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Abstract
A 6-day-old neonate with tuberous sclerosis having brain and cardiac tumors is reported. The patient presented with a seizure 20 minutes after birth. Cranial ultrasonography and computed tomography on admission showed a large and round high-density tumor lesion in the left frontal lobe. Echocardiography also showed a large tumor lesion beside the left ventricle wall, and a diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis was promptly made. Two months later, a periventricular calcified lesion was found on the demonstrated portion, and the tumor lesion initially observed in the brain had disappeared. These findings suggest that the initial tumor lesion found in the brain developed into a typical calcified lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Hamada R, Maekawa K, Sugimoto M, Nonaka Z, Yamada T. Echocardiography may be misleading in assessing coronary sequelae of MCLS: a CT scan helps. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1990; 32:325-7. [PMID: 2239309 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1990.tb00834.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Hamada
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan
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Chemtob CM, Bauer GB, Neller G, Hamada R, Glisson C, Stevens V. Post-traumatic stress disorder among Special Forces Vietnam veterans. Mil Med 1990; 155:16-20. [PMID: 2106635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty-seven Special Forces Vietnam Veterans were studied to determine if special selection and rigorous training affected the frequency and pattern of predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). No absolute immunity to PTSD was conferred. Frequency (25%) and predictors of PTSD were similar to those reported for other groups of Vietnam Veterans. Symptoms of PTSD were associated with poorer pre-service relationships, being wounded, being wounded after return from R&R, having friends missing in action, feeling guilt over the death of a friend, lack of emotional preparation to leave the unit or service, and failure to discuss feelings upon return from Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Chemtob
- Veterans Administration, Honolulu, Hawaii 96850
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Minobe H, Wakatsuki E, Ito H, Ohno J, Hamada R, Yoshida K, Ishimori M. [Anthropological study of the head and face of adult male Filipinos]. Showa Shigakkai Zasshi 1989; 9:419-29. [PMID: 2641190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Yoshida Y, Hamada R, Kamitsuchibashi H, Yamamoto K, Nakagawa M, Izumo S, Higuchi I, Soejima Y, Osame M, Igata A. Determination of urine thiocyanate in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 1989; 80:444-50. [PMID: 2589012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1989.tb03907.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-Parkinsonism-dementia in Guam might be related to the eating of Cycas seeds, which contain cyanide. Based on this assumption, we determined the urinary thiocyanate excretion level in patients with ALS and compared this with that of other neurological diseases. The assay method was designed to use column chromatography with Amberlite IRA 402. The thiocyanate level was determined using pyridine-barbiturate method. The 24-h thiocyanate level was higher in the ALS patients of the middle stages than in the normal control group (Wilcoxon's test, P less than 0.02). There were no significant differences between the ALS patient groups of the early and terminal stages, Kugelberg-Welander disease group, Duchenne type muscular dystrophy group and control group. From these results, we concluded that ALS patients were contaminated with cyanide or thiocyanate and that, along with rapid muscular atrophy, the thiocyanate excretion levels were high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoshida
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
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Hayashi Y, Nakae Y, Nara T, Hamada R, Maekawa K. [A neonate with tuberous sclerosis and a brain tumor]. No To Hattatsu 1989; 21:497-9. [PMID: 2803805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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40
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Hamada R, Otose H. [A case of Guillain-Barré syndrome with autonomic prodromes]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 1989; 78:422-3. [PMID: 2732601 DOI: 10.2169/naika.78.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Menasché M, Robert L, Payrau P, Hamada R, Pouliquen Y. Comparative biochemical and morphometric studies on corneal wound healing. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1988; 36:781-9. [PMID: 3047637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Comparative biochemical and morphological studies were carried out on wounded corneas in order to correlate biochemical findings with morphometric observations during the healing process. Experimental production of corneal wounds, biochemical determinations and quantitative morphometric studies are described in an attempt to correlate corneal matrix macromolecules biosynthesis during the healing process with the morphological modifications of the tissue. The central part and the peripheral part of the corneas were examined separately and compared to the central and peripheral parts of the controlateral corneas. The DNA content of the central portion of the wounded corneas progressively increased and reached after 60 days the same level as the corresponding portion of the controlateral corneas. The DNA contents of the peripheral portions of wounded and controlateral corneas are persistently higher than the DNA contents in the central portion. In peripheral portions of wounded corneas the DNA content is higher than in controlateral corneas and continues to increase steadily during the 60 days of experimentation. Cell density, as determined by morphometry, increased also during that period. The differences between the evolution of the DNA contents and cell density curves may be attributed to variations in cell sizes. The collagen content, estimated from hydroxyproline determinations remained lower in the wounded corneas as compared to the controlateral corneas, even 60 days after operation. This was true for the central as well as for the peripheral portions, suggesting a collagenolytic process as a result of wounding. This is confirmed by morphometric evaluation of fiber density.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M Menasché
- U 86 INSERM, Fondation Ophthalmologique A. de Rothschild, Paris, France
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Abstract
Two macaque monkeys inhaled trace amounts of 54MnCl2 for 30 min. Subsequently the chest, head, and fecal radioactivity were monitored for over a year. The chest data curve required a sum of three exponential terms, with half-times ranging from 0.2 to 187 days, to attain a satisfactory fit. Head levels peaked 40 days after acute inhalation exposure and remained elevated for over a year. The excretion of manganese through the feces was best described by a sum of two exponentials. One had a half-time of less than 1 day and the second had a half-time of 50 to 60 days. A third macaque received a 6-week continuous exposure to 54Mn through a subcutaneous osmotic pump. With this route, manganese clearance from the head occurred at a faster rate than after acute inhalation exposure. Fecal elimination following continuous subcutaneous exposure resembled that following acute inhalation. Kinetic analyses suggested that the long half-times of manganese in the head following inhalation reflected both slow disappearance from the head and replenishment from other depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Newland
- Division of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York 14642
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Anderson B, Hamada R, Matsuura WC. A comparison of statistical outcome variables in extremely low birth weight infants. J Perinatol 1987; 7:210-4. [PMID: 2974071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Three different summary statistics of developmental outcome are described. These include the "handicap ratio" (handicapped individuals divided by survivors), the "handicap rate" (handicapped individuals divided by live births for that birth weight group), and the "handicaps per 10,000 live births" (handicapped individuals divided by 10,000 live births for a geographic region). An analysis of these statistics was undertaken using a sample of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) (less than 1,001 g) infants born in Hawaii during the period of 1975-1981. The results of this study showed a poor correlation between these summary statistics. The results suggest that these statistics represent different aspects of outcome in the ELBW infant. Suitable uses for each of these variables is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Anderson
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu
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Yoshida Y, Hamada R, Kamitsuchibashi H, Yamamoto K, Izumo S, Higuchi I, Igata A, Kaneko S, Sato Y. [Determination of urine thiocyanate in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 1984; 73:316-322. [PMID: 6736731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Yoshida Y, Hamada R, Minauchi Y, Tokunaga H, Igata A. [Skin temperature of the lower extremities in patient with leprosy]. Nihon Rai Gakkai Zasshi 1983; 52:47-50. [PMID: 6678922 DOI: 10.5025/hansen1977.52.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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46
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Fukunaga K, Hamada R, Tokushige A, Ariizumi T, Hoshi Y, Akatsuka J, Fukunaga S. [A boy with acute undifferenciated leukemia who developed interstitial pneumonia immediately after remission of meningeal leukemia]. Rinsho Ketsueki 1982; 23:777-782. [PMID: 7131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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47
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Hamada R, Furuno F, Matsuo H. [Morphometric study of the quantitative kinetic perimetry (author's transl)]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 1981; 85:1644-54. [PMID: 7337091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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48
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Mitarashi Y, Hamada R, Kai T, Otsuka T. [Bedside nursing. Assistance of a patient at the terminal stage of lung cancer--relief of cancerous pain with administration of the Brompton cocktail]. Kangogaku Zasshi 1981; 45:166-70. [PMID: 6907430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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49
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Kuriyama M, Yokomine R, Arima H, Hamada R, Igata A. Blood vitamin B1, transketolase and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect in beriberi patients, with studies employing discriminant analysis. Clin Chim Acta 1980; 108:159-68. [PMID: 7449142 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(80)90001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, many cases of beriberi have been reported throughout Japan. One may assume that a great many healthy subjects suffer from a subclinical thiamine deficiency. The present study was carried out in order to examine thiamine status in 21 beriberi patients and 674 apparently normal subjects. In the beriberi patients the total vitamin B1 in whole blood and transketolase activity in the hemolysate were significantly lower, and the thiamine pyrophosphate effect was significantly higher, compared to normal subjects. However, these two groups could not be clearly separated by these biochemical parameters because of significant overlap. On analyzing the results of these biochemical parameters by discriminant analysis, beriberi could be diagnosed with an accuracy of 87,7%. Thus, vitamin B1 levels in blood, transketolase activity and the thiamine pyrophosphate effect in the hemolysate are useful biochemical indices for the diagnosis of beriberi. Above all, the thiamine pyrophosphate effect proved to be the most effective parameter in distinguishing the beriberi group from normal subjects.
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50
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Hamada R. [Ultrastructural aspects of cells and normal corneal connective tissue]. Arch Ophtalmol Rev Gen Ophtalmol 1975; 35:23-6. [PMID: 130103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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