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Marzà-Florensa A, Vaartjes I, Graham I, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Grobbee DE. A Global Perspective on Cardiovascular Risk Factors by Educational Level in CHD Patients: SURF CHD II. Glob Heart 2024; 19:60. [PMID: 39035775 PMCID: PMC11259115 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical guidelines recommend lifestyle modifications and medication use to control cardiovascular risk factors in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. However, risk factor control remains challenging especially in patients with lower educational level. Objective To assess inequalities by educational level in the secondary prevention of CHD in the Survey of Risk Factors in Coronary Heart Disease (SURF CHD II). Methods SURF CHD II is a cross-sectional clinical audit on secondary prevention of CHD, conducted during routine clinical visits in 29 countries. The easy-to-perform design of the survey facilitates its implementation in settings with limited resources. We reported risk factor recording, attainment of guideline-defined risk factor targets, and treatment in CHD patients. Differences by educational level in target attainment and treatment were assessed with logistic regression stratified for high- (HIC), upper middle- (UMIC), and lower middle-income (LMIC) countries. Results SURF CHD II included 13,884 patients from 2019 to 2022, of which 25.0% were female and 18.6% had achieved only primary school level. Risk factor recording ranged from 22.2% for waist circumference to 95.6% for smoking status, and target attainment from 15.9% for waist circumference to 78.7% for smoking. Most patients used cardioprotective medications and 50.5% attended cardiac rehabilitation.Patients with secondary or tertiary education were more likely to meet targets for smoking, LDL cholesterol and physical activity in HICs and LMICs; for physical activity and triglycerides in UMICs; but less likely to meet targets for blood pressure in HICs and LDL <1.4mmol/L in UMICs. Higher education was positively associated with medication use and cardiac rehabilitation participation. Conclusion CHD patients generally have poor attainment of risk factor targets, but patients with a higher educational level are generally more likely to participate in cardiac rehabilitation, use medication, and meet targets. Main messages Target attainment and participation in cardiac rehabilitation are poor in CHD patients globally.Patients with higher education are more likely to meet risk factor targets, showing health inequities in secondary prevention of CHD.The association between education and risk factor target attainment and treatment varies with country income level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marzà-Florensa
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilonca Vaartjes
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Diederick E. Grobbee
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Lachonius M, Giang KW, Lindgren M, Skoglund K, Pétursson P, Silverborn M, Jeppsson A, Nielsen SJ. Socioeconomic factors and long-term mortality risk after surgical aortic valve replacement. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY. CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND PREVENTION 2023; 19:200223. [PMID: 38023350 PMCID: PMC10661603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background There is scarce knowledge about the association between socioeconomic status and mortality in patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement. This study explores the associations between income, education and marital status, and long-term mortality risk. Methods In this national registry-based observational cohort study we included all 14,537 patients aged >18 years who underwent isolated surgical aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis in Sweden 1997-2020. Socioeconomic status and comorbidities were collected from three mandatory national registries. Cox regression models adjusted for patient characteristics and comorbidities were used to estimate the mortality risk. Results Mortality risk was higher for patients in the lowest versus the highest income quintile (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.36, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-1.65), for patients with <10 years education versus >12 years (aHR 1.20, 95 % CI:1.08-1.33), and for patients who were not married/cohabiting versus those who were (aHR 1.24, 95 % CI:1.04-1.48). Patients with the most unfavorable socioeconomic status (lowest income, shortest education, never married/cohabiting) had an adjusted median survival of 2.9 years less than patients with the most favorable socioeconomic status (14.6 years, 95 % CI: 13.2-17.4 years vs. 11.7 years, 95 % CI: 9.8-14.4). Conclusions Low socioeconomic status in patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement is associated with shorter survival and an increased long-term adjusted mortality risk. These results emphasize the importance of identifying surgical aortic valve replacement patients with unfavorable socioeconomic situation and ensure sufficient post-discharge surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lachonius
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kok Wai Giang
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Department of Medicine, Geriatrics and Emergency Medicine/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Lindgren
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Department of Medicine, Geriatrics and Emergency Medicine/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristofer Skoglund
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pétur Pétursson
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Silverborn
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Department of Medicine, Geriatrics and Emergency Medicine/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Jeppsson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susanne J. Nielsen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Sweden
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Getu RA, Aga F, Badada T, Workie SG, Belew MA, MekonnenRN K. Knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms among adults with type 2 diabetes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021: an institution-Based cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:21. [PMID: 36646999 PMCID: PMC9841697 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-03031-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a global public health concern with type 2 diabetes being one of the common risk factors. Knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms among type 2 diabetes patients is largely unknown in developing countries like Ethiopia. The inability to recognize stroke warning symptoms accurately is an important cause of delay in seeking medical attention. We investigated knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms among adults with type 2 diabetes and the factors associated with these variables. METHODS This was an institution-based cross-sectional study. We enrolled 470 adult type 2 diabetes patients using a systematic random sampling method from four government-managed hospitals in Addis Ababa from 1 to 30 February 2021. The Stroke Recognition Questionnaire was adapted to measure the knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms. Sociodemographic characteristics, source of information, and reaction to stroke were also measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and linear regression analysis was used to determine factors independently associated with knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms. RESULT The mean age of the participants was 50.6 ± 12.9 years. The mean score of knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms was 67.2% and 63.9%, respectively. Higher educational level (B = 2.007, 95% CI = 1.101, 2.914, P < 0.001), knowing someone diagnosed with stroke (B = 3.328, 95% CI = 2.734, 3.922, P < 0.001), and living with others (B = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.606, 2.954, P < 0.001) were independently associated with knowledge of stroke risk factors. Younger age (B = - 0.021, 95% CI= -0.038, 0.005, P = 0.01), higher educational level (B = 1.873, 95% CI = 1.017, 2.730, P < 0.001), and knowing someone diagnosed with stroke (B = 3.64, 95% CI = 3.079, 4.200, P < 0.001) were independently associated with knowledge of warning symptoms of stroke. CONCLUSION The mean score of knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms was 67.2% and 63.9%, respectively. Younger age, higher educational level, and living with other people are predictors of better knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning symptoms in this study. Future educational interventions should target type 2 diabetes adults with advancing age and the involvement of their family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rediet Akele Getu
- grid.464565.00000 0004 0455 7818Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Fekadu Aga
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Badada
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sewnet Getaye Workie
- grid.464565.00000 0004 0455 7818Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Makda Abate Belew
- grid.464565.00000 0004 0455 7818Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Kalkidan MekonnenRN
- grid.464565.00000 0004 0455 7818Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
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Akinmoladun OF, Femi FA, Nesamvuni CN. Implication of knowledge, lifestyle and self-efficacy in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases' risk factors among the urban elderly. Nutr Health 2022:2601060221138894. [PMID: 36377358 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221138894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is preventable by effectively managing its risk factors. Such risk factors (smoking, unhealthy eating habits, sedentary lifestyles, etc.) are judged to reflect an individual's self-efficacy, lifestyle modification, and CVD knowledge. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between lifestyle practices, self-efficacy, and knowledge of CVDs risk factors among the elderly. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 424 randomly individuals whose age is ≥60 years. A questionnaire-based survey was administered on the self-efficacy rate, lifestyle practices, and respondents' knowledge of CVDs risk factors. Respondents with a score of ≤50%, 51%-74.99%, and ≥75% were classified as having low, medium, or high self-efficacy. Similarly, the same score was used to classify poor, fair, or good lifestyle; and low, average, or high knowledge. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, while association among variables was determined using chi-square. Results: Few respondents were involved in physical exercise (1.7%), cigarette smoking (4.5%), regular soft drinks (18.2%), and alcohol consumption (13.2%). Many respondents used excess salt during cooking (92.7%) or ate outside their homes (64.6%). 58.5%, 30.0%, and 11.6% of the respondents had fair, good, and poor lifestyle practices. 11.3%, 58.7%, and 30.0% had low, medium, and high self-efficacy scores. A total of 45.3%, 35.4%, and 19.3% had low, average, and high knowledge. Knowledge and self-efficacy scores were significantly different (P = 0.001). Conclusion: High self-efficacy and its significant relationship with knowledge could mean that CVD risk factors can be checked if the elderly have a proper lifestyle, positive attitudes, and nutrition education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun F Akinmoladun
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, 56868University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
- Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Food Science and Technology, 398081Wesley University, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Fortune A Femi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, 119054Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Cebisa N Nesamvuni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, 56868University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
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Level of cardiovascular disease knowledge, risk perception and intention towards healthy lifestyle and socioeconomic disparities among adults in vulnerable communities of Belgium and England. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:197. [PMID: 35093056 PMCID: PMC8800212 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) greatly varies between and within countries. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and vulnerable communities of high-income countries (HIC) share disproportionately higher burden. Evidence is limited on the level of CVD knowledge and risk perception in vulnerable communities. Hence, in this study, we assessed the level of CVD knowledge, risk perception and change intention towards physical activity and healthy diet among vulnerable communities in Antwerp, Belgium and Nottingham, England. Furthermore, we investigated the socioeconomic disparities particularly in the Antwerp setting. Method A cross-sectional study was performed among 1,424 adults (958 in Antwerp and 466 in Nottingham) aged 18 or older among selected vulnerable communities. Districts or counties were selected based on socioeconomic and multiple deprivation index. A stratified random sampling was used in Antwerp, and purposive sampling in Nottingham. We determined the level of CVD knowledge, risk perception and intention towards a healthy lifestyle in Antwerp and Nottingham using a percentage score out of 100. To identify independent socioeconomic determinants in CVD knowledge, risk perception, intention to PA and healthy diet, we performed multilevel multivariable modeling using the Antwerp dataset. Results The mean knowledge percent score was 75.4 in Antwerp and 69.4 in Nottingham, and only 36.5% and 21.1% of participants respectively, had good CVD knowledge (scored 80% or above). In the multivariable analysis using the Antwerp dataset, level of education was significantly associated with (1) CVD knowledge score (Adjusted β = 0.11, 95%CI: 0.03, 0.18), (2) risk perception (0.23, 95%CI: 0.04, 0.41), (3) intention to physical activity (PA) (0.51, 95%CI: 0.35, 0.66), and (4) healthy diet intention (0.54, 95%CI: 0.32, 0.75). Furthermore, those individuals with a higher household income had a better healthy diet intention (0.44, 95%CI: 0.23, 0.65). In contrast, those who were of non-European origin scored lower on intention to have a healthy diet (-1.34, 95%CI:-2.07, -0.62) as compared to their European counterparts. On average, intention to PA was significantly higher among males (-0.43, 95%CI:-0.82, -0.03), whereas females scored better on healthy diet intention (2.02, 95%CI: 1.46, 2.57). Conclusions Knowledge towards CVD risks and prevention is low in vulnerable communities. Males have a higher intention towards PA while females towards a healthy diet and it also greatly varies across level of education. Moreover, those born outside Europe and with low household income have lower healthy diet intention than their respective counterparts. Hence, CVD preventive interventions should be participatory and based on a better understanding of the individuals’ socioeconomic status and cultural beliefs through active individual and community engagement. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12608-z.
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M. Ghisi G, Loures J, S. Chaves G, Ribas R, Britto R, Marchiori M. Socioeconomic and clinical factors associated with disease-related knowledge of cardiac rehabilitation patients in Brazil. HEART AND MIND 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm_64_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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OUP accepted manuscript. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022; 21:717-723. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvab129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Bulto LN, Magarey J, Rasmussen P, Hendriks JML. Awareness of heart disease and associated health behaviours in a developing country: a qualitative study. Nurs Open 2021; 9:2627-2636. [PMID: 34117843 PMCID: PMC9584483 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to explore awareness of heart disease and associated health behaviours. DESIGN A qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews. METHODS The study participants were patients with hypertension. Data analysis was guided by Braun and Clarke's steps of thematic analysis and using NVivo12 software. RESULTS A total of 18 patients with hypertension were interviewed. The patients had poor understanding of heart disease and were not concerned about developing heart disease in the future. Barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption were poor access, cost and sociocultural factors, whereas being busy, poor physical health and lack of access to an exercise facility were barriers to physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemma N Bulto
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.,Adelaide Nursing School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Judy Magarey
- Adelaide Nursing School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Philippa Rasmussen
- Adelaide Nursing School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jeroen M L Hendriks
- Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, and Department of Cardiology Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Negesa LB, Magarey J, Rasmussen P, Hendriks JML. Patients' knowledge on cardiovascular risk factors and associated lifestyle behaviour in Ethiopia in 2018: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234198. [PMID: 32497079 PMCID: PMC7271995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is posing a major public health challenge globally. Evidence reports significant gaps in knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with CVD. Despite the growing burden of cardiovascular disease in developing countries, there is limited data available to improve the awareness of this area, which is crucial for the implementation of prevention programs. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two referral hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia from June-September 2018. Outpatients with a confirmed diagnosis cardiovascular conditions were eligible for participation in the study. A convenience sampling technique was used. The primary outcome of the study was knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with cardiovascular disease. The knowledge of cardiovascular disease risk factors was measured using a validated instrument (heart disease fact questionnaire). A score less than 70% was defined as suboptimal knowledge. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the relationship between knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and explanatory variables. RESULTS A total of 287 patients were enrolled in the study. Mean age was 47±11yrs and 56.4% of patients were females. More than half of patients (54%) had good knowledge on cardiovascular risk factors (scored>70%), whilst 46% demonstrated suboptimal knowledge levels in this area. Urban residency was associated with higher cardiovascular risk factors knowledge scores, whereas, never married and no formal education or lower education were identified as predictors of lower knowledge scores. There was no statistically significant association between knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and actual cumulative risk behaviour. CONCLUSION Almost half of CVD patients in Ethiopia have suboptimal knowledge regarding cardiovascular risk factors. Residence, education level and marital status were associated with knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors. Implementation of innovative interventions and structured, nurse-led lifestyle counselling would be required to effectively guide patients in developing lifestyle modification and achieve sustainable behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemma B Negesa
- Adelaide Nursing School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Judy Magarey
- Adelaide Nursing School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Philippa Rasmussen
- Adelaide Nursing School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jeroen M L Hendriks
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University and Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Adherence to Treatment of Female Patients With Coronary Heart Disease After a Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2019; 34:410-417. [PMID: 31365439 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to treatment is essential to prevent the progression of coronary heart disease (CHD), which is the most common cause of death among women. Coronary heart disease in women has special characteristics: the conventional risk factors are more harmful to women than men, accumulation of risk factors is common, and women have nontraditional risk factors such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. In addition, worse outcomes, higher incidence of death, and complications after percutaneous coronary intervention have been reported more often among females than among male patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test a model of adherence to treatment among female patients with CHD after a percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS A cross-sectional, descriptive, and explanatory survey was conducted in 2013 with 416 patients with CHD, of which the 102 female patients were included in this substudy. Self-reported instruments were used to assess female patient adherence to treatment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a structural equation model. RESULTS Motivation was the strongest predictor for female patients' perceived adherence to treatment. Informational support, physician support, perceived health, and physical activity were indirectly, but significantly, associated with perceived adherence to treatment via motivation. Furthermore, physical activity was positively associated with perceived health, whereas anxiety and depression were negatively associated with it. CONCLUSIONS Secondary prevention programs and patient education have to take into account individual or unique differences. It is important to pay attention to issues that are known to contribute to motivation rather than to reply on education alone to improve adherence.
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Schröder SL, Fink A, Richter M. Socioeconomic differences in experiences with treatment of coronary heart disease: a qualitative study from the perspective of elderly patients. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e024151. [PMID: 30429146 PMCID: PMC6252635 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This qualitative study aims to analyse socioeconomic differences in patients' experiences along the treatment pathway for coronary heart disease (CHD). DESIGN A longitudinal qualitative study using in-depth semistructured interviews to explore patients' experiences with treatment was conducted. We analysed the transcripts of the records according to qualitative content analysis and identified differences between patients with lower and higher socioeconomic status (SES) by comparing and contrasting the narratives. SETTING The University Hospital in Halle (Saale), Germany. PARTICIPANTS 41 elderly patients (aged 59-80 years) who suffered from CHD. RESULTS From various patient's experiences along the pathway of care which were found to differ according to SES we derived three major themes: (1) information: patients with higher SES had greater knowledge about treatment and could use medical records as sources of information; (2) illness perception: patients with lower SES focused on improving symptoms and survival, while patients with higher SES focused on physical performance and disease management; and (3) perceived role in healthcare: patients with lower SES tended to delegate responsibility to healthcare professionals. CONCLUSIONS Differences in the patient's knowledge about treatment, their perceived role in healthcare and illness perception can be the factors and mechanisms that contribute to explain socioeconomic inequalities in the treatment of CHD. These factors should be considered in quantitative studies to better understand the disparities in treatment and mortality. We suggest that improving patient-physician communication and patient knowledge can change the patient's understanding of CHD and their perceived role in healthcare and reduce inequalities in CHD treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER DRKS00007839.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lena Schröder
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Medical Faculty, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Astrid Fink
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Medical Faculty, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Richter
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Medical Faculty, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Mahdavi-Roshan M, Salari A, Soltanipour S. Reliability and Validity of the 14-point mediterranean diet adherence screener among the Iranian high risk population. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-18205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The aim of study was to assess the reliability and validity of the14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) among Iranian high risk population. METHODS: Study was conducted in north of Iran a country with a Shiite majority with religious constraints, so we modified the MEDAS in the Farsi version. We applied reliability analysis using the Kuder – Richardson 20 and the alpha coefficient of Cronbach, with SPSS to interpret the effects of each item of MEDAS in its internal consistency. RESULTS: After correcting the item scores, coefficients of Kuder-Richardson-20 was calculated 0.559. The mean±SD of 13 items MEDAS was 5.73±1.88. None of Corrected Item-Total Correlation coefficients were negative. 43%, 53% and 4% participants had low, medium and high adherence to a Mediterranean diet respectively. CONCLUSION: In spite of making a few changes in questions, the coefficients of Kuder-Richardson-20 did not decrease in reliability analysis. The MEDAS was translated for the first time into Farsi. Administering this tool in future researches will help to understand how Iranian adhere to the mediterranean diet, aiming at improving cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Guilan interventional Cardiovascular Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arsalan Salari
- Guilan interventional Cardiovascular Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Soheil Soltanipour
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Baumann M, Tchicaya A, Lorentz N, Le Bihan E. Life satisfaction and longitudinal changes in physical activity, diabetes and obesity among patients with cardiovascular diseases. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:925. [PMID: 29197375 PMCID: PMC5712077 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with cardiovascular disease who underwent coronary angiography at the National Institute of Cardiac Surgery and Cardiological Intervention (INCCI) in Luxembourg were surveyed for cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity, tobacco consumption). In 2013/14, their life satisfaction (LS) was also assessed. Our aim was to analyse the relationships between LS on one hand and longitudinal changes in CVRF between 2008/09 and 2013/14 and socioeconomic factors on the other. Methods 1289 patients completed a self-administered questionnaire. Life Satisfaction, originally recorded on a 1 to 10 scale of complete satisfaction was dichotomized into two groups: ≤ 7 and. >7. We then performed logistic multiple regressions. The event on which the probability was modelled, was LS > 7. Data were adjusted on age, sex and income. Longitudinal changes in CVRF were assessed by their presence or absence in 2008/09 and 2013/14 (categories: ‘no-no’; ‘no-yes’; ‘yes-no’; ‘yes-yes’). Results Physical activity in 2008/09 and 2013/14 was associated with a lower LS (OR = 0.469). The same pattern was observed for obesity and physical inactivity: lower LS was related to the presence of these risks (yes-yes; no-yes) in 2013/14 (mean OR for obesity and physical inactivity in 2013/14: 0.587 and 0.485 respectively), whereas their presence or absence in 2008/09 was not related to LS. Finally, patients who suffered from diabetes in 2008 were more likely to experience a decline in LS, particularly if their diabetes was less severe in 2013/14 (OR = 0.462). Conclusions The lowest LS was observed when obesity or physical inactivity was present in 2013/14, newly or otherwise. The same trend was seen in diabetes among patients who had it in 2008/9, but were less severely affected in 2013/14. In secondary prevention, CVD-related upheavals could be minimised if professionals and patients became ‘Partners in Healthcare’ to better adhere to healthy lifestyles, as well as to reduce CVRF, and thereby enhance LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Baumann
- Research Unit INSIDE, Institute Health & Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Belval Campus, L-4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - Anastase Tchicaya
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Nathalie Lorentz
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Etienne Le Bihan
- Research Unit INSIDE, Institute Health & Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Belval Campus, L-4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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