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Gao T, Magnano S, Rynne A, O'Kane L, Barroeta PH, Zisterer DM. Targeting inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) enhances susceptibility of oral squamous carcinoma cells to cisplatin. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:113995. [PMID: 38490621 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the 6th most common cancer worldwide. It is generally aggressive and closely associated with chemoresistance and poor survival. There is accumulating evidence for the involvement of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), including IAP1 and XIAP, in mediating chemotherapy resistance in OSCC. Various strategies for targeting IAPs have been designed and tested in recent years and several small molecule IAP inhibitors are in clinical trials as monotherapies as well as in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy and biological activity of three IAP inhibitors both as stand-alone and sensitising agents to cisplatin in a preclinical model of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. METHODS Cisplatin-sensitive SCC4 and -resistant SCC4cisR cells were utilised in this study. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V/Propidium Iodide-stained cells. Expression of IAP proteins was determined by western blotting and knockdown of cIAP1, livin and XIAP was conducted by transfection of cells with siRNA. RESULTS We establish for the first time the therapeutic efficacy of the Smac mimetic, BV6 and the XIAP inhibitor Embelin, for OSCC. Both of these IAP targeting agents synergistically enhanced cisplatin-mediated apoptotic cell death in resistant cells which was mediated in part by depletion of XIAP. In addition, knockdown of XIAP using siRNA enhanced cisplatin-mediated cell death, demonstrating the importance of targeting XIAP in this sensitisation. CONCLUSION These findings provide pre-clinical evidence that IAP inhibition may be a valuable therapeutic option in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Gao
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Stefania Magnano
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Amy Rynne
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lucy O'Kane
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Patricia Hannon Barroeta
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Daniela M Zisterer
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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2
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El-Mowafy M, El-Mesery M, Khalil MAF, El-Mesery A, Elgaml A. Expression and purification of Hepatitis B virus core antigen using Escherichia coli and its utilization for the diagnosis of Hepatitis B virus infections. Biologicals 2024; 85:101726. [PMID: 37979341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2023.101726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is responsible for most of the viral hepatitis worldwide. HBV is a partially double stranded DNA virus that is composed of four main open reading frames (ORFs) encoding its important antigens, namely hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg), HBV polymerase and hepatitis B X antigen (HBxAg). In this study, we report a successful method for the cloning and expression of HBcAg. The ORF of HBcAg was successfully amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned into the expression vector pRSET-B and transformed to Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL-21 (DE3) pLysS strain for protein expression. Successful expression of HBcAg was accomplished, in which an induced protein with a molecular weight of 24 kDa was obtained and confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting. The produced HBcAg was successfully used for the diagnosis of HBV infected patient through detection of antibodies against HBcAg (anti-HBcAg) in the serum of the patient utilizing Western blotting. Overall, this study provides a simple, convenient and efficient protocol for the production of HBcAg that can be used as an important candidate to study the diagnosis and prognosis of HBV disease, as well as for understanding the epidemiological prevalence of HBV cases and production of anti-HBcAg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El-Mowafy
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Mesery
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A F Khalil
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Mesery
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Elgaml
- Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt; Microbiology & Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt.
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3
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Shen J, Pan P, Hu X, Zhao J, Wu H. Safety and Efficacy of Irreversible Electroporation in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: An Evaluation from a Surgeon's Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225677. [PMID: 36428767 PMCID: PMC9688427 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as a promising treatment for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Therefore, in this study, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of IRE against LAPC, as well as exploring its impact on anti-tumor immunity. A retrospective analysis was conducted in consecutive patients at a single institution. Eligible patients were assigned to IRE, palliative surgery (PS), or vascular resection (VR) groups, according to their respective treatments. The IRE group consisted of LAPC patients. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed, in order to compare the incidence of complications and median overall survival (mOS). Serum and intratumoral cytokines, as well as intratumoral immune cells, were analyzed in order to identify changes in immunity after IRE. A total of 210 patients were included. After matching, the rate of major complications (Clavien−Dindo III−V), intra-abdominal hemorrhage, and re-intervention in the IRE group were similar to those in the VR group (p > 0.05). The mOS of the IRE group (13.0 months) was shorter than that of the VR group (15.0 months), but longer than that of the PS group (8.0 months) (p < 0.05). Patients in the IRE group had elevated serum levels of immunogenic cytokines, including IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α, which were related to anti-tumor immunity. The survival advantage in IRE-treated patients was attributed to tumor ablation and immune modulation effects. Overall, IRE can be considered a feasible treatment for patients with LAPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Penglin Pan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Radiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (H.W.); Tel.: +86-027-8525-1631 (H.W.)
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (H.W.); Tel.: +86-027-8525-1631 (H.W.)
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4
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Contreras CJ, Mukherjee N, Branco RCS, Lin L, Hogan MF, Cai EP, Oberst AA, Kahn SE, Templin AT. RIPK1 and RIPK3 regulate TNFα-induced β-cell death in concert with caspase activity. Mol Metab 2022; 65:101582. [PMID: 36030035 PMCID: PMC9464965 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by autoimmune-associated β-cell loss, insulin insufficiency, and hyperglycemia. Although TNFα signaling is associated with β-cell loss and hyperglycemia in non-obese diabetic mice and human T1D, the molecular mechanisms of β-cell TNF receptor signaling have not been fully characterized. Based on work in other cell types, we hypothesized that receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) regulate TNFα-induced β-cell death in concert with caspase activity. METHODS We evaluated TNFα-induced cell death, caspase activity, and TNF receptor pathway molecule expression in immortalized NIT-1 and INS-1 β-cell lines and primary mouse islet cells in vitro. Our studies utilized genetic and small molecule approaches to alter RIPK1 and RIPK3 expression and caspase activity to interrogate mechanisms of TNFα-induced β-cell death. We used the β-cell toxin streptozotocin (STZ) to determine the susceptibility of Ripk3+/+ and Ripk3-/- mice to hyperglycemia in vivo. RESULTS Expression of TNF receptor signaling molecules including RIPK1 and RIPK3 was identified in NIT-1 and INS-1 β cells and isolated mouse islets at the mRNA and protein levels. TNFα treatment increased NIT-1 and INS-1 cell death and caspase activity after 24-48 h, and BV6, a small molecule inhibitor of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) amplified this TNFα-induced cell death. RIPK1 deficient NIT-1 cells were protected from TNFα- and BV6-induced cell death and caspase activation. Interestingly, small molecule inhibition of caspases with zVAD-fmk (zVAD) did not prevent TNFα-induced cell death in either NIT-1 or INS-1 cells. This caspase-independent cell death was increased by BV6 treatment and decreased in RIPK1 deficient NIT-1 cells. RIPK3 deficient NIT-1 cells and RIPK3 kinase inhibitor treated INS-1 cells were protected from TNFα+zVAD-induced cell death, whereas RIPK3 overexpression increased INS-1 cell death and promoted RIPK3 and MLKL interaction under TNFα+zVAD treatment. In mouse islet cells, BV6 or zVAD treatment promoted TNFα-induced cell death, and TNFα+zVAD-induced cell death was blocked by RIPK3 inhibition and in Ripk3-/- islet cells in vitro. Ripk3-/- mice were also protected from STZ-induced hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in vivo. CONCLUSIONS RIPK1 and RIPK3 regulate TNFα-induced β-cell death in concert with caspase activity in immortalized and primary islet β cells. TNF receptor signaling molecules such as RIPK1 and RIPK3 may represent novel therapeutic targets to promote β-cell survival and glucose homeostasis in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Contreras
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Roudebush VA Medical Center and Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Noyonika Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Renato C S Branco
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Meghan F Hogan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erica P Cai
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew A Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steven E Kahn
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew T Templin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Roudebush VA Medical Center and Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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5
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Rafat S, Singh P, Pandey KK, Almatroodi SA, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Rahmani AH, Dev K. SMAC Mimetic BV6 Co-Treatment Downregulates the Factors Involved in Resistance and Relapse of Cancer: IAPs and Autophagy. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1581. [PMID: 36358282 PMCID: PMC9687886 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the utmost common disease-causing death worldwide, characterized by uncontrollable cell division with the potential of metastasis. Overexpression of the Inhibitors of Apoptosis proteins (IAPs) and autophagy correlates with tumorigenesis, therapeutic resistance, and reoccurrence after anticancer therapies. This study illuminates the role and efficacy of smac mimetic compound BV6 alone and in co-treatment with death ligands such as TRAIL and TNFα in the regulation of cell death mechanisms, i.e., apoptosis and autophagy. In this study, MTT assays, wound healing assays, and cellular and nuclear morphological studies were done. DAPI staining, AO/EtBr staining and AnnexinV/PI FACS was done to study the apoptosis. The expression of IAPs and autophagy biomarkers was analyzed using Real time-PCR and western blotting. Meanwhile, TEM demonstrated autophagy and cellular autophagic vacuoles in response to the BV6. The result shows a promising anti-cancer effect of BV6 alone as well as in combinational treatment with TRAIL and TNFα, compared to the lone treatment of TRAIL and TNFα in both breast cancer cell lines. The smac mimetic compound might provide an alternative combinational therapy with conventional anticancer therapies to tackle their inefficiency at the advanced stage of cancer, cancer resistance, and reoccurrence. Also, IAPs and autophagic proteins could act as potent target molecules for the development of novel anti-cancer drugs in pathogenesis and the betterment of regimens for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rafat
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Prabhakar Singh
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Pandey
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kapil Dev
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
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6
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Coyle R, O'Sullivan MJ, Zisterer DM. Targeting inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) with IAP inhibitors sensitises malignant rhabdoid tumour cells to cisplatin. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 32:100579. [PMID: 35613525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumour (MRT) is a rare, aggressive paediatric malignancy most commonly diagnosed in those below the age of three. MRTs can arise in soft tissue but are more often associated with the central nervous system or kidney. Unfortunately, the prognosis upon diagnosis with MRT is poor. Given the resistance of MRT to current treatment protocols including cisplatin, and the vulnerability of this young patient population to aggressive therapies, there is a need for novel treatment options. Several members of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family including X‑linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins 1 and 2 (cIAP1/cIAP2), livin and survivin have been implicated in chemotherapy resistance in various malignancies. We have previously demonstrated expression of these IAP family members in a panel of MRT cell lines. In the present study, sensitivity of this same panel of MRT cell lines to small-molecule mediated inhibition of the IAPs via the survivin inhibitor YM155 and the XIAP/cIAP1/cIAP2 inhibitor BV6 was demonstrated. Additionally, both BV6 and the XIAP inhibitor embelin synergistically enhanced cisplatin mediated apoptotic cell death in MRT cell lines, with enhanced caspase-3 cleavage. Importantly, we have demonstrated, for the first time, expression of XIAP, its target caspase-3 and its endogenous inhibitor SMAC in rhabdoid tumour patient tissue. In conclusion, this study provides pre-clinical evidence that IAP inhibition may be a new therapeutic option in MRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Coyle
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland..
| | - Maureen J O'Sullivan
- The National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Daniela M Zisterer
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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7
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Caballero RE, Dong SXM, Gajanayaka N, Ali H, Cassol E, Cameron WD, Korneluk R, Tremblay MJ, Angel JB, Kumar A. Role of RIPK1 in SMAC mimetics-induced apoptosis in primary human HIV-infected macrophages. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22901. [PMID: 34824340 PMCID: PMC8617210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02146-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages serve as viral reservoirs due to their resistance to apoptosis and HIV-cytopathic effects. We have previously shown that inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) confer resistance to HIV-Vpr-induced apoptosis in normal macrophages. Herein, we show that second mitochondrial activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetics (SM) induce apoptosis of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) infected in vitro with a R5-tropic laboratory strain expressing heat stable antigen, chronically infected U1 cells, and ex-vivo derived MDMs from HIV-infected individuals. To understand the mechanism governing SM-induced cell death, we show that SM-induced cell death of primary HIV-infected macrophages was independent of the acquisition of M1 phenotype following HIV infection of macrophages. Instead, SM-induced cell death was found to be mediated by IAPs as downregulation of IAPs by siRNAs induced cell death of HIV-infected macrophages. Moreover, HIV infection caused receptor interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1) degradation which in concert with IAP1/2 downregulation following SM treatment may result in apoptosis of macrophages. Altogether, our results show that SM selectively induce apoptosis in primary human macrophages infected in vitro with HIV possibly through RIPK1. Moreover, modulation of the IAP pathways may be a potential strategy for selective killing of HIV-infected macrophages in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Edwin Caballero
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. .,Division of Virology, Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Research Building 2, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Simon Xin Min Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Niranjala Gajanayaka
- Division of Virology, Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Research Building 2, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Hamza Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Division of Virology, Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Research Building 2, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Edana Cassol
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - William D Cameron
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Division of Infectious Diseases, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Korneluk
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Division of Virology, Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Research Building 2, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Michel J Tremblay
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan B Angel
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Division of Infectious Diseases, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. .,Division of Virology, Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Research Building 2, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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8
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Townsend PA, Kozhevnikova MV, Cexus ONF, Zamyatnin AA, Soond SM. BH3-mimetics: recent developments in cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:355. [PMID: 34753495 PMCID: PMC8576916 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The hopeful outcomes from 30 years of research in BH3-mimetics have indeed served a number of solid paradigms for targeting intermediates from the apoptosis pathway in a variety of diseased states. Not only have such rational approaches in drug design yielded several key therapeutics, such outputs have also offered insights into the integrated mechanistic aspects of basic and clinical research at the genetics level for the future. In no other area of medical research have the effects of such work been felt, than in cancer research, through targeting the BAX-Bcl-2 protein-protein interactions. With these promising outputs in mind, several mimetics, and their potential therapeutic applications, have also been developed for several other pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and tissue fibrosis, thus highlighting the universal importance of the intrinsic arm of the apoptosis pathway and its input to general tissue homeostasis. Considering such recent developments, and in a field that has generated so much scientific interest, we take stock of how the broadening area of BH3-mimetics has developed and diversified, with a focus on their uses in single and combined cancer treatment regimens and recently explored therapeutic delivery methods that may aid the development of future therapeutics of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Townsend
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. .,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation. .,University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Maria V Kozhevnikova
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russian Federation
| | - Surinder M Soond
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK. .,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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9
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El-Far YM, El-Mesery M. Pevonedistat attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice by downregulating the release of inflammatory mediators. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22908. [PMID: 34476871 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pevonedistat (MLN4924) is a specific NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor that inactivates cullin-RING ligases involved in ubiquitylation and turnover of different signaling molecules. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of pevonedistat on cisplatin (CIS)-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Serum creatinine and urea levels were analyzed in different groups. Histopathological examination of renal tissue was done using hematoxylin and eosin staining. In addition, renal IL-6 and TNF-α expressions were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique, and IL-1β and NF-κB expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of renal tissue. Caspase-3, A20, β-catenin, and Nrf2 gene expressions in renal tissue were analyzed using the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction technique. Western blot analysis was adopted to assess cleaved caspase-3 and β-catenin expressions in renal tissue. Pevonedistat coadministration with CIS improved kidney functions and attenuated CIS-induced nephrotoxicity as indicated by the significant decrease in serum creatinine and urea levels. In addition, pevonedistat coadministration with CIS showed a significant decrease in caspase-3 and a significant increase in A20, β-catenin, and Nrf2 gene expressions. Also, pevonedistat decreased caspase-3 cleavage to p19 in mice treated with CIS. Moreover, pevonedistat decreased CIS-induced upregulation of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB protein expressions in renal tissue. Thus, pevonedistat alleviated CIS-induced nephrotoxicity that might be attributed to suppression of the inflammation induced in renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra M El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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10
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Koch A, Jeiler B, Roedig J, van Wijk SJL, Dolgikh N, Fulda S. Smac mimetics and TRAIL cooperate to induce MLKL-dependent necroptosis in Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines. Neoplasia 2021; 23:539-550. [PMID: 33971465 PMCID: PMC8122156 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive form of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The clinical outcome in children with BL has improved over the last years but the prognosis for adults is still poor, highlighting the need for novel treatment strategies. Here, we report that the combinational treatment with the Smac mimetic BV6 and TRAIL triggers necroptosis in BL when caspases are blocked by zVAD.fmk (TBZ treatment). The sensitivity of BL cells to TBZ correlates with MLKL expression. We demonstrate that necroptotic signaling critically depends on MLKL, since siRNA-induced knockdown and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of MLKL profoundly protect BL cells from TBZ-induced necroptosis. Conversely, MLKL overexpression in cell lines expressing low levels of MLKL leads to necroptosis induction, which can be rescued by pharmacological inhibitors, highlighting the important role of MLKL for necroptosis execution. Importantly, the methylation status analysis of the MLKL promoter reveals a correlation between methylation and MLKL expression. Thus, MLKL is epigenetically regulated in BL and might serve as a prognostic marker for treatment success of necroptosis-based therapies. These findings have crucial implications for the development of new treatment options for BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annkathrin Koch
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birte Jeiler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jens Roedig
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sjoerd J L van Wijk
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nadezda Dolgikh
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany.
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11
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Innao V, Rizzo V, Allegra AG, Musolino C, Allegra A. Promising Anti-Mitochondrial Agents for Overcoming Acquired Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Cells 2021; 10:439. [PMID: 33669515 PMCID: PMC7922387 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable tumor due to the high rate of relapse that still occurs. Acquired drug resistance represents the most challenging obstacle to the extension of survival and several studies have been conducted to understand the mechanisms of this phenomenon. Mitochondrial pathways have been extensively investigated, demonstrating that cancer cells become resistant to drugs by reprogramming their metabolic assessment. MM cells acquire resistance to proteasome inhibitors (PIs), activating protection programs, such as a reduction in oxidative stress, down-regulating pro-apoptotic, and up-regulating anti-apoptotic signals. Knowledge of the mechanisms through which tumor cells escape control of the immune system and acquire resistance to drugs has led to the creation of new compounds that can restore the response by leading to cell death. In this scenario, based on all literature data available, our review represents the first collection of anti-mitochondrial compounds able to overcome drug resistance in MM. Caspase-independent mechanisms, mainly based on increased oxidative stress, result from 2-methoxyestradiol, Artesunate, ascorbic acid, Dihydroartemisinin, Evodiamine, b-AP15, VLX1570, Erw-ASNase, and TAK-242. Other agents restore PIs' efficacy through caspase-dependent tools, such as CDDO-Im, NOXA-inhibitors, FTY720, GCS-100, LBH589, a derivative of ellipticine, AT-101, KD5170, SMAC-mimetics, glutaminase-1 (GLS1)-inhibitors, and thenoyltrifluoroacetone. Each of these substances improved the efficacy rates when employed in combination with the most frequently used antimyeloma drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Innao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (V.I.); (A.G.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Rizzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Andrea Gaetano Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (V.I.); (A.G.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (V.I.); (A.G.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (V.I.); (A.G.A.); (C.M.)
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12
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Abd Elrazik NA, El-Mesery M, El-Karef A, Eissa LA, El Gayar AM. Sesamol Upregulates Death Receptors and Acts as a Chemosensitizer in Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma Model in Mice. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:250-264. [PMID: 33439054 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1871496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-tumor effect of sesamol (SML), a nutritional phenolic compound of sesame, in solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) model in mice and its ability to enhance doxorubicin (DOX) anti-tumor activity. Moreover, we analyzed the ability of SML to protect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. MAIN METHODS SML (70 mg/kg), DOX (2 mg/kg) and their combination were given to mice bearing SEC for 21 day. The mRNA level of Fas, FasL, TRAILR2, TRAIL, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were assessed by qPCR. Tumor and cardiac tissues were examined for histopathological changes by hematoxylin and eosin. Active caspase-3 was scored by immunohistochemical analysis. KEY FINDINGS SML treatment significantly decreased solid tumor size and weight. In addition, SML enhanced DOX anti-tumor activity. SML treatment either alone or in combination with DOX induced upregulation of Fas/FasL and TRAILR2/TRAIL gene expression. Moreover, SML increased caspase-3 protein and gene expressions and decreased Bcl-2 gene expression. SIGNIFICANCE SML upregulates death receptors expression and enhances apoptosis induction in tumor cells that may explain its anti-tumor activity. Not only that, but SML also enhances DOX anti-tumor activity and attenuates its cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesma A Abd Elrazik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amro El-Karef
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Laila A Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amal M El Gayar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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13
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Salimifard S, Karoon Kiani F, Sadat Eshaghi F, Izadi S, Shahdadnejad K, Masjedi A, Heydari M, Ahmadi A, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Hassannia H, Mohammadi H, Boroumand-Noughabi S, Keramati MR, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Codelivery of BV6 and anti-IL6 siRNA by hyaluronate-conjugated PEG-chitosan-lactate nanoparticles inhibits tumor progression. Life Sci 2020; 260:118423. [PMID: 32941896 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Increased expression of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) genes has been associated with progressive cancer and chemoresistance. Accordingly, blockade of IAPs by BV6 has resulted in ameliorative outcomes. Interleukin (IL)-6 is another important mediator involved in the growth and survival of tumor cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that simultaneous inhibition of IAPs and IL-6 could be a new promising anti-tumor treatment strategy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we generated and characterized hyaluronate-PEG-Chitosan-Lactate (H-PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) to simultaneously deliver IL6-specific siRNA and BV6 to 4T1 (breast cancer) and CT26 (colon cancer) cells, and investigate the anti-tumor properties of this combination therapy both in vitro and in vivo. KEY FINDINGS H-PCL NPs exhibited good physicochemical properties leading to efficient transfection of cancer cells and suppression of target molecules. Moreover, combination therapy synergistically increased apoptosis, as well as decreased cell migration, proliferation, colony formation, and angiogenesis in both 4T1 and CT26 cell lines and suppressed cancer progression in tumor-bearing mice that was associated with enhanced survival time. SIGNIFICANCE These findings imply the effectiveness of cancer combination therapy by using H-PCL NPs loaded with anti-IL-6 siRNA and BV6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Salimifard
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fariba Karoon Kiani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadat Eshaghi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sepideh Izadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Masjedi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Heydari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | | | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj. Iran
| | - Samaneh Boroumand-Noughabi
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Keramati
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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14
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El‐Mesery M, Seher A, El‐Shafey M, El‐Dosoky M, Badria FA. Repurposing of quinoline alkaloids identifies their ability to enhance doxorubicin‐induced sub‐G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cervical and hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:832-840. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El‐Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt
| | - Axel Seher
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery University Hospital Wuerzburg Wuerzburg Germany
| | - Mohamed El‐Shafey
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University Egypt
- Physiological Sciences Department Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El‐Dosoky
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail Imam Abdulalrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid A Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Egypt
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15
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Altrichter Y, Seitz O. Simultaneous Targeting of Two Master Regulators of Apoptosis with Dual-Action PNA- and DNA-Peptide Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1928-1937. [PMID: 32567853 PMCID: PMC7583637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Conjugation of peptides with oligonucleotides offers opportunities for combining the strengths of both biopolymer classes. Herein, we show that the combination of a peptide-based module with an antisense oligonucleotide module provides for enhancements of potency and a widened scope of cell delivery options. The peptide unit comprises a Smac mimetic compound (SMCs) which antagonizes the action of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) frequently overexpressed in cancer cells. To counteract SMC resistance, the antisense module downregulates the cellular FLICE-like protein (c-FLIP), a master regulator of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. We compared c-FLIP antisense units based on oligophosphorothioate (PSO) and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) architectures. Owing to the ease of synthesis, PNA conjugates combined with a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) offer a seemingly ideal solution for cell delivery of dual activity agents. However, our investigations revealed that such congeners have to be handled with care to avoid off-target effects. By contrast, PSO conjugates provided a more robust and specific activity for inducing death of SMC-resistant A549 cells due to a simultaneous activation of caspases and c-FLIP knockdown. We show that lipofection is a convenient approach for delivery of peptide-PSO conjugates into cells. The results highlight that the combination of the peptide and the DNA world confers properties inaccessible by the unconjugated components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannic Altrichter
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Seitz
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important human pathogen and a paradigm of intrinsic, innate, and adaptive viral immune evasion. Here, we employed multiplexed tandem mass tag-based proteomics to characterize host proteins targeted for degradation late during HCMV infection. This approach revealed that mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), a key terminal mediator of cellular necroptosis, was rapidly and persistently degraded by the minimally passaged HCMV strain Merlin but not the extensively passaged strain AD169. The strain Merlin viral inhibitor of apoptosis pUL36 was necessary and sufficient both to degrade MLKL and to inhibit necroptosis. Furthermore, mutation of pUL36 Cys131 abrogated MLKL degradation and restored necroptosis. As the same residue is also required for pUL36-mediated inhibition of apoptosis by preventing proteolytic activation of procaspase-8, we define pUL36 as a multifunctional inhibitor of both apoptotic and necroptotic cell death.
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17
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Yousef EH, El-Mesery ME, Habeeb MR, Eissa LA. Polo-like kinase 1 as a promising diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320914475. [PMID: 32252611 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320914475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma depends mainly on its early diagnosis. To date, the performance of traditional biomarkers is unsatisfactory. Polo-like kinase 1 is a serine/threonine kinase that plays essential roles in cell cycle progression and deoxyribonucleic acid damage. Moreover, polo-like kinase 1 knockdown decreases the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma cells; therefore, polo-like kinase 1 is an attractive target for anticancer treatments. Nobiletin, a natural polymethoxy flavonoid, exhibits a potential antiproliferative effect against a wide variety of cancers. This study targets to identify a reliable diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma and provide a potential therapeutic target for its treatment. Polo-like kinase 1 levels were analyzed in 44 hepatocellular carcinoma patients, 33 non-hepatocellular carcinoma liver cirrhosis patients and 15 healthy controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was used to establish a predictive model for polo-like kinase 1 relative to α-fetoprotein in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis. Furthermore, in the in vitro study, gene expressions were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in two human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines after treatment with doxorubicin and polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor volasertib (Vola) either alone or in combination with nobiletin. Cell viability was also determined using the crystal violet assay.: Serum polo-like kinase 1 levels in hepatocellular carcinoma patients were significantly higher than liver cirrhosis and control groups (p < 0.0001). Polo-like kinase 1 showed a reasonable sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis. Moreover, nobiletin improved inhibition of cell growth induced by Vola and doxorubicin. Regarding reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results, nobiletin suppressed expressions of polo-like kinase 1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and elevated expressions of P53, poly (ADPribose) polymerase 1, and caspase-3. Nobiletin/doxorubicin and nobiletin/Vola showed a significant increase in caspase-3 activity indicating cell apoptosis. Polo-like kinase 1 may be a potential biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and follow-up during treatment with chemotherapies. In addition, nobiletin synergistically potentiates the doxorubicin and Vola-mediated anticancer effect that may be attributed partly to suppression of polo-like kinase 1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and enhancement of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman H Yousef
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University - Egypt, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E El-Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha R Habeeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Laila A Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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18
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Nikkhoo A, Rostami N, Farhadi S, Esmaily M, Moghadaszadeh Ardebili S, Atyabi F, Baghaei M, Haghnavaz N, Yousefi M, Aliparasti MR, Ghalamfarsa G, Mohammadi H, Sojoodi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Codelivery of STAT3 siRNA and BV6 by carboxymethyl dextran trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles suppresses cancer cell progression. Int J Pharm 2020; 581:119236. [PMID: 32240809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High expression of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) molecules in cancer cells promotes cancer cell chemoresistance. Use of BV6, a well-known IAP inhibitor, along with inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which is an important factor in the survival of tumor cells, and NIK as a mediator of BV6 unpredicted side effects, can induce effective apoptosis in tumor cells. The present study has investigated the combination therapy of cancer cells using Carboxymethyl Dextran-conjugated trimethyl chitosan (TMC-CMD) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with NIK/STAT3-specific siRNA and BV6 to synergistically induce apoptosis in the breast, colorectal and melanoma cancer cell lines. Our results showed that in addition to enhanced pro-apoptotic effects, this combination therapy reduced proliferation, cell migration, colony formation, and angiogenesis, along with expression of factors including IL-10 and HIF in tumor cells. The results indicate the potential of this combination therapy for further investigation in animal models of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Nikkhoo
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Rostami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shohreh Farhadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaily
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Baghaei
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navideh Haghnavaz
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Sojoodi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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