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Berry S, Emile Rossouw P, Barmak AB, Malik S. The role ovariectomies and/or the administration of artificial female sex hormones play in orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res 2024; 27:339-349. [PMID: 38059328 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to assess how ovariectomy or the administration of artificial female sex hormones affects orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) with fixed appliances. An electronic search of indexed databases was completed without language or time restrictions up to June 2022. The following eligibility criteria were utilized: (i) prospective original controlled clinical studies; (ii) experimental studies on animal models; (iii) subjects undergoing orthodontic therapy with fixed appliances; (iv) clearly defined control groups not undergoing ovariectomy or administration of artificial female sex hormone; and (v) studies with experimental groups receiving the intervention of interest (ovariectomy or artificial female sex hormone administration). Review articles, letters to the editor, case reports, case series, commentaries, cross-sectional studies, retrospective studies, and studies with no well-defined control group were excluded. The quality of the available evidence and the risk of bias within the studies were assessed. All disagreements were resolved via discussion. Seven animal studies were included in the systematic review. Five studies reported that ovariectomy increased the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Two studies reported that the administration of artificial female sex hormones decreased the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. There is an association between ovariectomies and OTM and between the administration of artificial female sex hormones and OTM. The full extent of the association remains unclear due to the biases that are present and the length of time of orthodontic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani Berry
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Paul Emile Rossouw
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Abdul Basir Barmak
- Department of Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shaima Malik
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Singh S, Jain AK, Prasad RR, Sahu A, Priya P, Kumari P. Effect of Mini-implant assisted Micro-osteoperforation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement-A randomized clinical trial. J Orthod Sci 2023; 12:62. [PMID: 38234639 PMCID: PMC10793843 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_18_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) over a 56-day period and to determine the influence of number of perforations on the rate of canine retraction. In addition, the amount of pain and discomfort caused by the MOP was evaluated. TRIAL DESIGN A single-center, split-mouth, triple-blind, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS 22 patients (18-30 years) who need fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to MOP1 and MOP2 groups. The recruited patients were divided into two groups with 1:1 allocation ratio. Randomization for the determination of experimental side and number of perforations was done using sealed envelopes. On each patient, the other side of mouth worked as control side with no MOPs. 4 months after first premolar extraction, patients in MOP1 received 3MOPs on the buccal surface of alveolar bone, whereas patients in MOP2 received three buccal and three palatal MOPs in the experimental side. The amount of canine retraction was measured every 28 days at two intervals on both sides of mouth. Pain perception was measured after 1 hr, 24 hr, 72 hr, 7 days, and 28 days of procedure. RESULTS Result of the intra-examiner reliability using ICC is more than 0.97 (P < 0.001), indicating excellent repeatability and reliability of the measurements. The baseline characteristics between groups were similar (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference in the rate of canine retraction on the MOP side was observed at the end of 56 days, amounting to two folds more than that of the control side. No significant difference was seen between MOP1 and MOP2 groups (P > 0.05). Mild-to-moderate pain was experienced only in first 72 hours of procedure. CONCLUSION The study recommends that MOP procedure has substantial potential to be used as an adjunct to the routine mechanotherapy for accelerating tooth movement, as it may reduce treatment time by half in the first four weeks after the MOP procedure. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trial registry of India (CTRI/2022/12/048181).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shresthaa Singh
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
| | - Abhay K. Jain
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dental College, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Raghu R. Prasad
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
| | - Anshu Sahu
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
| | - Parul Priya
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Hazaribag, Jharkhand
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Peruga M, Kawala B, Sarul M, Kotowicz J, Lis J. Are Currently Selected Laboratory Animals Useful in the Research of How Female Hormones Influence Orthodontic Biomechanics? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040629. [PMID: 36830416 PMCID: PMC9951669 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal testing was and remains the only method of introducing a certain treatment and medical procedure on humans. On the other hand, animals have their rights resulting from applicable legal acts, including Directive 2010/63/EU and, indirectly, the World Medical Association International Code of Medical Ethics (Helsinki Declaration, 1975, amended 2000). Thus, the question arises whether the credibility of the results of hormonal and orthodontic tests obtained so far and their usefulness for the human population is scientifically justified and worth sacrificing laboratory animals for. Especially that, according to statistical data, about 50% of laboratory animals are euthanized at the conclusion of the experiments. The aim of this article was to determine whether animal experiments are scientifically or morally justified in bringing significant evidence in studies that may validate the influence of changes in the concentration of female hormones secreted by the ovaries in various phases of the menstrual cycle in young patients on the duration of an increased tooth movement rate in orthodontic treatment. Papers reporting the results of the original research into female hormones, either natural or exogeneous ones, likely to alternate the orthodontic tooth movement rate were critically evaluated in terms of animal selection. Thorough analysis supported by veterinary knowledge proved that none of the publications enabled an extrapolation of the results to humans. The evaluation of the relation between the rate of tooth movement upon loading with orthodontic forces and hormones either secreted during the menstrual cycle of women or released from the contraceptives already present in the market, does not require sacrificing laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beata Kawala
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-376 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Sarul
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Lis
- Independent Adult Orthodontics Clinic, Department of Dentofacial Orthopaedics and Orthodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-376 Wrocław, Poland
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Abrar M, Goyal M, Kumar M, Agarwal Y, Yadav E, Singh V. Comparative evaluation of platelet-rich plasma and micro-osteoperforation effect on orthodontic tooth movement rate in class II division 1 patients: A split mouth randomized trial. Int Orthod 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Venkatachalapathy S, Natarajan R, Ramachandran UM, Rajakumar P, Rangarajan S, Patil D, Manickavasagam V. Effect of Frequency of Micro-osteoperforation on Miniscrew- supported Canine Retraction: A Single-centered, Split-mouth Randomized Controlled Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:781-787. [PMID: 37283011 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed at evaluating the increase in the rate of tooth movement by increasing the number and frequency of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was a single-center, split-mouth, randomized controlled trial. A total of 20 patients were included in the study who had fully erupted maxillary canines with class I molar canine relationship and a bimaxillary protrusion that required the removal of both maxillary and mandibular first premolars. Out of 80 samples, the experimental and controlled groups were randomly assigned. The experimental group received five MOPs in the extracted site of the first premolar before retraction, at 28th day and 56th day. The control group received no MOPs. The rate of tooth movement was measured on 28th, 56th, and 84th day on both the experimental and control sides. RESULTS In maxillary dentition, the canine on the MOP side moved by 0.65 ± 0.21 mm, 0.74 ± 0.23 mm, and 0.87 ± 0.27 mm during 28th, 56th, and 84th day, respectively, whereas in control side the rate of tooth movement was 0.37 ± 0.09 mm, 0.43 ± 0.11 mm, and 0.47 ± 0.11 mm during 28th, 56th and 84th day, respectively, which was statistically significant (p-value = 0.000). In mandibular dentition, the canine on the MOP site has moved by 0.57 ± 0.12 mm, 0.68 ± 0.21 mm, and 0.67 ± 0.10 mm during 28th, 56th, and 84th day, respectively, whereas in control side the rate of the tooth movement was 0.34 ± 0.08 mm, 0.40 ± 0.15 mm, and 0.40 ± 0.13 mm during 28th, 56th, and 84th day, respectively, which was statistically significant. CONCLUSION Micro-osteoperforations effectively increased the rate of tooth movement. Overall, MOPs increased the rate of canine retraction by 2-fold when compared with the control group. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Micro-osteoperforation is a proven methodology to increase the rate of tooth movement and decrease the treatment time. However, it is important to repeat the procedure during every activation to increase its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Venkatachalapathy
- Dr MGR Educational Research and Institute University, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Phone: +91 9841874253, e-mail:
| | - RajVikram Natarajan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational Research and Institute University, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Ramachandran
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Premkumar Rajakumar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational Research and Institute University, Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sumanth Rangarajan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Digvijay Patil
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vijayasri Manickavasagam
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
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Golshah A, Moradi P, Nikkerdar N. Efficacy of micro-osteoperforation of the alveolar bone by using mini-screw for acceleration of maxillary canine retraction in young adult orthodontic patients: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Int Orthod 2021; 19:601-611. [PMID: 34696998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) can decrease the rate of complications. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of micro-osteoperforation (MOP) of the alveolar bone for acceleration of OTM by using mini-screws. MATERIALS AND METHODS This split-mouth randomized clinical trial evaluated 25 patients (11 females, 14 males, 16-25 years) with class II division I malocclusion who required canine retraction following the extraction of maxillary first premolar. The patients received similar orthodontic treatment at both sides with MOP on one side (MOP group) and no MOP on the other side (control side). Allocation of MOP to the side of jaw was random using Random Allocation Software in 1:1 distribution and equal numbers. Blinding was not applicable. The rate of canine movement was measured monthly for 5 months and considered as the main outcome. The degree of canine tipping was measured at the end of the intervention as the secondary outcome. All measurements were repeated for 12 patients by the two observers and the intra- and inter-examiner correlation coefficients were found to be 0.946 and 0.925, respectively. Data were analysed by paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (11 females, 14 males, 16-25 years) were evaluated. No significant difference was found between the two groups at different time points in the rate of canine movement (P>0.05). The degree of canine tipping in the MOP group was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.34±3.11° versus 7.08±3.70°; P=0.040). Gender had no significant effect on OTM in any group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS MOP could not accelerate canine retraction but decreased the degree of canine tipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Golshah
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontic, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parzhin Moradi
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Nikkerdar
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Shariati Street, 67139546581, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Almidfa NSS, Athanasiou AE, Makrygiannakis MA, Kaklamanos EG. Does the rate of orthodontic tooth movement change during the estrus cycle? A systematic review based on animal studies. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:526. [PMID: 34649543 PMCID: PMC8515643 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the fluctuation of sex hormone levels in menstruating women results in periodical effects in bone metabolism, understanding the implications for tooth movement could be of benefit to the orthodontist. This type of research presents practical and ethical problems in humans, but animal models could provide useful information. Our objective was to systematically investigate the available evidence on the question whether the rate of orthodontic tooth movement varies between the different stages of the estrus cycle in animals. METHODS Unrestricted searches in 7 databases and manual searching of the reference lists in relevant studies were performed up to February 2021 (Medline [PubMed], CENTRAL [Cochrane Library; includes records from Embase, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO's ICTRP, KoreaMed, Cochrane Review Groups' Specialized Registers, and records identified by handsearching], Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Cochrane Library], Scopus, Web of Knowledge [including Web of Science Core Collection, KCI Korean Journal Database, Russian Science Citation Index, SciELO Citation Index and Zoological Record], Arab World Research Source [EBSCO] and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses [ProQuest]). Our search focused on prospective controlled animal studies, whose samples included female subjects of any species that were quantitatively comparing the amount of tooth movement in the different stages of the estrus cycle. Following study retrieval and selection, relevant data was extracted, and the risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE's Risk of Bias Tool. RESULTS From the finally assessed records, 3 studies met the inclusion criteria. Two of the studies experimented on Wistar rats, whereas the other on cats. Tooth movement was induced by expansion or coil springs. The rate of orthodontic tooth movement was increased during the stages of the estrus cycle when oestrogen and/or progesterone levels were lower. The risk of bias in the retrieved studies was assessed to be unclear. CONCLUSION Hormonal changes during the estrus cycle may affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Although these animal experiment results should be approached cautiously regarding their translational potential, it could be useful to consider the possible impact of these physiological changes in the clinical setting until more information becomes available. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42021158069).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Saeed Sultan Almidfa
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Building 34, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Miltiadis A Makrygiannakis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios G Kaklamanos
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Building 34, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Dentistry, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Kaklamanos EG, Makrygiannakis MA, Athanasiou AE. Does exogenous female sex hormone administration affect the rate of tooth movement and root resorption? A systematic review of animal studies. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257778. [PMID: 34582488 PMCID: PMC8478186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term use of contraceptive methods that contain estrogens, progestogens or combinations of the above among women aged 15 to 49 years is extensive. Both estrogens and progestogens affect bone metabolism. OBJECTIVE To systematically investigate and appraise the quality of the available evidence from animal studies regarding the impact of exogenous administration of female sex hormones on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption. SEARCH METHODS Search without restriction in seven databases (including grey literature) and hand searching were performed until May 2021. SELECTION CRITERIA We looked for controlled animal studies investigating the effect from exogenous administration of formulations containing female sex hormones on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS After study retrieval and selection, relevant data was extracted, and the risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE's Risk of Bias Tool. The quality of available evidence was assessed with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. RESULTS Three studies were identified, all being at unclear risk of bias. Overall, administration of progesterone and the combinations of estradiol with norgestrel and desogestrel were shown to significantly decrease the rate of orthodontic tooth movement when given for longer periods (>3 weeks). Inconsistent information was detected for shorter periods of consumption. Estradiol, with desogestrel use, resulted in less root resorption. The quality of the available evidence was considered to be low. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous administration of female sex hormones may decelerate in the long term the rate of tooth movement and decrease orthodontically induced root resorption in animals. Until more information becomes available, an orthodontist should be able to identify a patient consuming such substances and understand the potential clinical implications and adverse effects that may arise. REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42017078208; https://clinicaltrials.gov/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios G. Kaklamanos
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Miltiadis A. Makrygiannakis
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Quast A, Martian V, Bohnsack A, Batschkus S, Meyer-Marcotty P, Miosge N. Donor variation and sex hormone receptors in periodontal ligament cells. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:105026. [PMID: 33348207 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.105026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the gene expression and protein synthesis of sex hormone receptors in human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) in relation to donor- and tooth-specific factors with the aim to clarify the debate about sex hormone receptors in PDLCs. DESIGN The expression patterns of estrogen receptors (genes: ESR1 and ESR2; proteins: ERα and ERβ), androgen receptor (AR) and progesterone receptor (PR) were investigated in the context of immortalization status, previous orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), donor age, sex and hormonal stimulation in PDLCs from 14 healthy donors (male: n = 8, female: n = 6; adolescents: n = 8, adults: n = 6) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS For ERβ, the full-length isoform ERβ1 and truncated variants were detected. For ERα, the expected isoform ERα66 was not observed, but a novel isoform ERα36 was detected. Immortalization status, previous OTM and donor age had no impact on ESR1 and ESR2 expression. Estradiol stimulation for 24 h doubled the ratio of ESR2/ESR1 in PDLCs from female but not male donors, indicating sex-specific patterns of receptor expression. AR and PR demonstrated insufficient protein synthesis in PDLCs. CONCLUSIONS The data revealed a pivotal role for and complex interplay between ERα and ERβ in human PDLCs regardless of variable donor characteristics. Therefore, PDLC biology might be altered in patients of each age group and both sexes due to hormonal changes. This should be kept in mind during periodontic and orthodontic treatment of patients with special hormonal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Quast
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Viktor Martian
- Tissue Regeneration Group, Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Annegret Bohnsack
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Batschkus
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Nicolai Miosge
- Tissue Regeneration Group, Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
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Azami N, Chen PJ, Mehta S, Kalajzic Z, Dutra EH, Nanda R, Yadav S. Raloxifene administration enhances retention in an orthodontic relapse model. Eur J Orthod 2020; 42:371-377. [PMID: 32065225 PMCID: PMC7485273 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Orthodontic relapse is a physiologic process that involves remodelling of the alveolar bone and principle periodontal ligament fibres. Raloxifene is an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved selective oestrogen receptor modulator that inhibits systemic bone loss. In our study, we examined the effects of Raloxifene on alveolar bone modelling and orthodontic relapse in a rodent model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The efficacy of raloxifene was evaluated in 15-week-old male Wistar rats, 8 in each group (Control, Raloxifene, Raloxifene + 7-day relapse, Raloxifene + 14-day relapse) for a total of 42 days. All animals had 14 days of orthodontic tooth movement with a closed nickel-titanium coil spring tied from incisors to right first molar applying 5-8 gm of force. On the day of appliance removal, impression was taken with silicon material and the distance between first molar and second molar was filled with light-cured adhesive resin cement for retention phase. Raloxifene Retention, Raloxifene Retention + 7D, Raloxifene Retention + 14D groups received 14 daily doses of raloxifene (2.0 mg/kg/day) subcutaneously after orthodontic tooth movement during retention. After 14 days of retention, the retainer was removed and right first molar was allowed to relapse for a period of 14 days. Raloxifene injection continued for the Raloxifene + 14-day relapse group during relapse phase too. Control group received saline injections during retention. Animals were euthanized by CO2 inhalation. The outcome measure included percentage of relapse, bone volume fraction, tissue density, and histology analysis using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and determining receptor activator of nuclear factor-кB-ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin expression. RESULTS Raloxifene Retention + 14D group had significantly less (P < 0.05) orthodontic relapse when compared with other groups. There was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in bone volume fraction and tissue density in the Raloxifene Retention + 14D group when compared with other groups. Similarly, there was significant decrease in number of osteoclasts and RANKL expression in Raloxifene Retention + 14D group when compared with Raloxifene Retention + 7D group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Raloxifene could decrease post-orthodontic treatment relapse by decreasing bone resorption and indirectly enhancing bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Azami
- Division of Orthodontics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Po-Jung Chen
- Division of Orthodontics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Shivam Mehta
- Division of Orthodontics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Zana Kalajzic
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Eliane H Dutra
- Division of Orthodontics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ravindra Nanda
- Division of Orthodontics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sumit Yadav
- Division of Orthodontics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
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Deng L, Guo Y. Estrogen effects on orthodontic tooth movement and orthodontically-induced root resorption. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104840. [PMID: 32730908 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen is an essential regulator of the bone tissue. The remodeling of the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament is the basis of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). There is a negative coregulation between physiological estrogen levels and the rate of OTM. As a possible inhibitory factor of OTM, estrogen suppresses bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclastic differentiation and restraining osteoclast lifespan though multiple pathways and cytokines, leading to the suppression of the initiation step of bone remodeling. On the other hand, estrogen stimulates osteoblastic differentiation and function. Estrogen receptor-α (ERα) involves in the osteogenic responses to mechanical stimulation, and the ERα expression is regulated positively by the levels of circulatory estrogen. Orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) is a common side-effect of orthodontic treatment. Estrogen may have some inhibitory effects on OIRR, but more studies are needed to get an effective conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Babanouri N, Ajami S, Salehi P. Effect of mini-screw-facilitated micro-osteoperforation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a single-center, split-mouth, randomized, controlled trial. Prog Orthod 2020; 21:7. [PMID: 32147751 PMCID: PMC7061095 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-020-00306-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of MOP over a 3-month period and to determine the influence of the number of perforations on the rate of canine retraction. In addition, the amount of pain and discomfort caused by the MOP method was evaluated. Trial design A single-center, split-mouth, triple-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted. Methods The clinical trial was conducted from December 2018 to July 2019 in the Orthodontic Clinic, Shiraz Dental School. Twenty-eight patients (range from16.3 to 35.2 years) who need fixed orthodontic treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to MOP1 and MOP2 groups. In each patient one side of the mouth worked as a control side which received no MOPs. Four months after first premolars extraction, patients in MOP1 group received 3 MOPs on the buccal surface of alveolar bone in the experimental side to accelerate canine retraction whereas patients in MOP2 group received 3 buccal MOPs and 3 palatal MOPs in the experimental side. The amount of canine retraction was measured every 28 days at three intervals on both sides of the mouth. Pain perception was also measured on the day of MOP procedure and subsequently at 24 h. Randomization was performed using online software RANDOM.ORG; the recruited patients were divided into two parallel groups with a 1:1 allocation ratio then the side of MOPs intervention in each subject was randomly determined with coin tossing. Triple blinding design was employed. Results The result of the intra-examiner reliability using ICC was 0.97 (P < 0.001), indicating excellent repeatability and reliability of the measurements. The baseline characteristics between the groups were similar (P > 0.05). There was a significant difference in the rate of canine retraction between the MOP groups and the contralateral control sides, as well as between the MOP1 and MOP2 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The MOP procedure was effective in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement, although the amount of acceleration was not clinically significant in the case of canine retraction. An increase in the number of MOPs resulted in a significant acceleration of the canine retraction. Trial registration The trial was registered 30 November 2018 at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20181121041713N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Babanouri
- Orthodontic Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Qom Abad, Ghasrodasht St, Shiraz, 713451836, Iran
| | - Shabnam Ajami
- Orthodontic Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Qom Abad, Ghasrodasht St, Shiraz, 713451836, Iran.
| | - Parisa Salehi
- Orthodontic Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Qom Abad, Ghasrodasht St, Shiraz, 713451836, Iran
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Gulduren K, Tumer H, Oz U. Effects of micro-osteoperforations on intraoral miniscrew anchored maxillary molar distalization : A randomized clinical trial. J Orofac Orthop 2020; 81:126-141. [PMID: 32095922 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-019-00207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to study the effects of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on miniscrew-supported maxillary molar distalization. METHODS As part of a single center, split-mouth, randomized clinical trial, 20 eligible subjects were randomly recruited from patients who had applied to the orthodontics department of a university dental hospital. In the experimental group, subjects were randomized to receive MOPs to either the left or right maxillary molar region (n = 10). The control group (n = 10) and the contralateral sides of the experimental group (n = 10) did not receive any MOPs. In both groups, distalization of the maxillary molars was performed by miniscrew-supported distalization appliances. Using 3D models, maxillary molar distalization at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks was measured. Pain, discomfort, eating difficulty, and speech problem levels were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS 0-10). Periodontal evaluations were performed. RESULTS In all, 18 subjects completed the study. The mean amount of tooth movement was significantly greater on the MOP side compared to contralateral side of the experimental group at all time points. After 12 weeks, the maxillary molars on the MOP side moved 1.17-fold more than those on the contralateral side. No significant differences were found regarding amount of tooth movement between the control group and the MOP and contralateral sides of the experimental group. The rates of tooth movement in the MOP sides of the experimental group, contralateral sides of the experimental group, and the control group were 0.029, 0.025, and 0.028 mm/day, respectively. Pain VAS scores after intervention were significantly increased on the MOP side compared with the contralateral side of the experimental group but not at any other time point. No differences in periodontal scores between the groups were observed. CONCLUSIONS A 1.17-fold increase in the rate of tooth movement in the MOP group compared with the contralateral side was recorded. However the accelerating effect of MOPs was lower than expected. The mean pain level was statistically greater in the MOP group compared to the contralateral side only on the first day of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Gulduren
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus.
| | - Hayriye Tumer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus
| | - Ulas Oz
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus
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Alqadasi B, Aldhorae K, Halboub E, Mahgoub N, Alnasri A, Assiry A, Xia HY. The Effectiveness of Micro-osteoperforations during Canine Retraction: A Three-dimensional Randomized Clinical Trial. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 9:637-645. [PMID: 32039085 PMCID: PMC6905307 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_233_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A major challenge in orthodontics is decreasing treatment time without compromising treatment outcome. The purpose of this split-mouth trial was to evaluate micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods: Eight patients of both genders were selected, age ranging between 15 and 40 years, with Class II Division 1 malocclusion. The participants in this trial with MOPs were randomly allocated to either the right or the left side, distal to the maxillary canine. First maxillary premolars were extracted as part of the treatment plan on both sides and then canine retraction was applied. Miniscrews were used to support anchorage. MOP side received (three small perforations) placed on the buccal bone, distal to the maxillary canine, on randomly selected side using an automated mini-implant driver and the other side was the control side. Blinding was used at the data collection and analysis stages. The primary outcome was the rate of canine retraction measured with a three-dimensional (3D) digital model from the baseline to the first 2 weeks superimposed at the rugae area from the baseline to the first, second, and third months. The following secondary outcomes were examined: anchorage loss, canine tipping, canine rotation, root resorption, plaque index, and gingival index. Pain level, pain interference with the patients’ daily life, patients’ satisfaction with the procedure and degree of ease, willingness to repeat the procedure, and recommendation to others were also evaluated. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed in the rates of tooth movement between the MOP and the control sides at all-time points (first month: P = 0.77; mean difference, 0.2 mm; 95% CI, −0.13, 0.18 mm; second month: P = 0.50; mean difference, −0.08 mm; 95% CI, −0.33, 0.16 mm; third month: P = 0.76; mean difference, −0.05 mm; 95% CI, −0.40, 0.29 mm). There were also no differences in anchorage loss, rotation, tipping, root resorption, plaque index, periodontal index, and pain perception between the MOP and control sides at any time point (P > 0.05). MOPs had no effect on the patients’ daily life except for a feeling of swelling on the first day (P = 0.05). Level of satisfaction and degree of easiness of the procedure were high. Conclusion: According to our clinical trial, MOPs cannot help in speeding up a canine retraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basema Alqadasi
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Khalid Aldhorae
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen
| | - Esam Halboub
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasrin Mahgoub
- Department of Dentistry, First affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Akram Alnasri
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ali Assiry
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hou Y Xia
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Bansal M, Sharma R, Kumar D, Gupta A. Effects of mini-implant facilitated micro-osteoperforations in alleviating mandibular anterior crowding: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Orthod Sci 2019; 8:19. [PMID: 31649899 PMCID: PMC6803780 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_112_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of mini-implant (MI)-facilitated micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) in accelerating mandibular anterior teeth alignment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty teenage patients with mandibular crowding (Little's irregularity index between 4 and 6 mm) were randomly allocated to either "experimental" group (micro-osteoperforation assisted alignment) or "control" group (conventional orthodontics). Blinding was done at the data analysis stages. Six MOPs were performed using MI on the labial aspect in the mandibular anterior region. The primary outcome was the overall treatment time needed to complete alignment of mandibular anterior teeth. The secondary outcomes were to compare the marginal bone height loss and volumetric root resorption around mandibular incisors along with subject's perception of pain, comfort and satisfaction. RESULTS There was statistically significant difference in the total treatment duration for complete alignment of mandibular incisors. The completion of cases in experimental group was 43.93% times faster than the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in volumetric root resorption and marginal alveolar bone height loss around mandibular incisors as well as pain perception between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS MI-facilitated MOPs accelerated tooth movement significantly upto nine weeks without any significant pain and discomfort, with no increase in root resorption and marginal alveolar bone height loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Bansal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Rekha Sharma
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Davender Kumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Ambika Gupta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Kaklamanos EG, Makrygiannakis MA, Athanasiou AE. Does medication administration affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption development in humans? A systematic review. Eur J Orthod 2019; 42:407-414. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjz063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Background
Recently, the potential impact of different medications on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and the associated root resorption has been systematically reviewed in animal studies and various effects have been shown. However, animal data cannot be extrapolated to human clinical situations directly.
Objectives
To systematically investigate the most up to date available evidence from controlled human studies regarding the effect of medication administration on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and associated root resorption development.
Search methods
We searched eight databases (covering also grey literature) without restrictions and we performed hand searching up until October 2018.
Selection criteria
Controlled studies in humans assessing the effect of various medications on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption development.
Data collection and analysis
Study selection was followed by data extraction and risk of bias assessment using the ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for randomized studies.
Results
Eight studies, at various risk of bias, were finally identified. With regard to the rate of orthodontic tooth movement, local injections of prostaglandin E1 were found to exert an increasing effect, whereas systemic intake of nabumetone decreased it. Following tenoxicam administration, drinking water with fluoride or local injections of calcitriol (vitamin D metabolite), no significant effects were demonstrated. Concerning root resorption development, nabumetone administration was shown to reduce it, whereas fluoride, overall, was not observed to exert any effect. Only in individuals subjected to heavy orthodontic forces, did fluoride show a protective effect for the period of force application, but not in the longer term during retention.
Conclusions
The aforementioned substances may show varying effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption development in human subjects. Despite the observed limitations, the orthodontist should be able to identify patients taking pharmaceuticals and consider any implications related to orthodontic treatment.
Registration
PROSPERO (CRD42017078208).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios G Kaklamanos
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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AlSwafeeri H, ElKenany W, Mowafy M, Karam S. Effect of local administration of simvastatin on orthodontic tooth movement in rabbits. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2019; 156:75-86. [PMID: 31256844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maintaining tooth anchorage during orthodontic treatment has challenged orthodontists and threatening the success of some orthodontic therapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of local administration of simvastatin on orthodontic tooth movement. METHODS Nickel-titanium coil springs were used to induce orthodontic tooth movement in 10 white New Zealand rabbits for 21 days. A split-mouth design was implemented where one mandibular quadrant received local administration of simvastatin and the corresponding mandibular quadrant received control vehicle solution on a weekly basis. Magnitudes of tooth movement were measured on 3-dimensional models of the experimental teeth. Animals were killed at the end of the experimental period to allow histomorphometric analysis of alveolar bone modeling. RESULTS The total magnitude of tooth movement in the quadrant receiving simvastatin was significantly less than that in the quadrant receiving control vehicle solution. Local administration of simvastatin resulted in a significant percentage of inhibition of tooth movement of 39.8 ± 22.6%. Histomorphometric analysis revealed a significant reduction in the numbers of osteoclasts and areas of active bone-resorptive lacunae hindering bone resorption processes in the quadrant receiving simvastatin. CONCLUSIONS Local administration of simvastatin can reduce the rate and magnitude of orthodontic tooth movement. Moreover, local administration of simvastatin diminishes bone resorption processes associated with orthodontic tooth movement reducing the number of osteoclasts and the subsequent area of active bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani AlSwafeeri
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Walid ElKenany
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mowafy
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sahar Karam
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Abstract
As any pharmaceutical substance may influence the events associated with orthodontic tooth movement, it is of importance for the clinician to be able to recognize any prospective patient's history and patterns of medicinal consumption. This review presents the effects of various commonly prescribed medications on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. The article concludes that it remains, to a degree, unclear which types of medication may have a clinically significant effect in everyday clinical scenarios. However, since both prescription and over-the-counter medication use have recently increased significantly among all age groups, good practice suggests that it is important to identify patients consuming medications and consider the possible implications in orthodontic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleftherios G Kaklamanos
- 2 Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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19
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Yu J, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Lv J, Firth F, Zhao X, Xu X, Mei L. Effect of combined oral contraceptives on orthodontic tooth movement in a female rat model. AUSTRALASIAN ORTHODONTIC JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.21307/aoj-2020-041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
To investigate the effect of combined oral contraceptives (COC) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and periodontal remodelling in a female rat model.
Methods
A total of 80 three-month-old female, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The maxillary first molars were moved mesially using nickel-titanium coil springs (50 g force). The experimental group (N = 40) ingested 1.5 ml COC (Marvelon, 0.12 mg/d, N.V. Organon, Oss, The Netherlands) daily. The control group (N = 40) ingested 1.5 ml saline (0.9% sodium chloride) daily. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of force application, 10 rats in each group were euthanased and a vernier calliper was used to measure the orthodontic movement of the first molar. Root resorption at pressure areas was assessed by H and E staining. Micro-CT was used to detect alveolar bone mineral density.
Results and conclusion
The amount of OTM in the experimental group (0.46 ± 0.16 mm) was significantly less than in the control group (0.85 ± 0.25 mm; p = 0.003) during the 28 days of observation. There were significantly smaller (p = 0.002) root resorption lacunae in the experimental group (111710 ± 4037 pixels) compared with the control group (204962 ± 21318 pixels) after 28 days. There was no statistically significant difference in the bone mineral density between the experimental and control groups throughout the study period (p > 0.05 at each time point). The short-term administration of COC may retard tooth movement and reduce the level of root resorption during OTM in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Yu
- * Department of Orthodontics , Hospital of Stomatology , Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory , Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- † Department of Stomatology , People’s Hospital of Langzhong City , Nanchong , People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- + Department of Stomatology , The Third People’s Hospital of Dongguan City , Dongguan , People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialing Lv
- * Department of Orthodontics , Hospital of Stomatology , Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory , Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Fiona Firth
- ± Discipline of Orthodontics , Department of Oral Science , Sir John Walsh Research Institute , Faculty of Dentistry , University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
| | - Xian Zhao
- * Department of Orthodontics , Hospital of Stomatology , Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory , Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Xu
- * Department of Orthodontics , Hospital of Stomatology , Orofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Laboratory , Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Mei
- ± Discipline of Orthodontics , Department of Oral Science , Sir John Walsh Research Institute , Faculty of Dentistry , University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand
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Makrygiannakis MA, Kaklamanos EG, Athanasiou AE. Does long-term use of pain relievers have an impact on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement? A systematic review of animal studies. Eur J Orthod 2018; 41:468-477. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjy079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Background
Pain relief drugs are used and misused widely and may theoretically affect the events leading to orthodontic tooth movement.
Objective
To systematically investigate and appraise the quality of the available evidence regarding the effect of pain relief medications on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement.
Search methods
Search without restrictions in eight databases (including grey literature) and hand searching until October 2018.
Selection criteria
Animal controlled studies investigating the effect of pain relievers on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement.
Data collection and analysis
Following study retrieval and selection, relevant data were extracted and the risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool.
Results
Fourteen studies were finally identified, most of which at unclear risk of bias. Ibuprofen and loxoprofen did not show any significant effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement, whereas indomethacin, ketorolac, morphine, and high doses of etoricoxib were found to decrease it. Inconsistent or conflicting effects were noted after the administration of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, celecoxib, meloxicam, and tramadol. The quality of the available evidence was considered at best as low.
Conclusions
Long-term consumption of pain relievers may affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. The orthodontist should be capable of identifying patients taking pain relievers independently of orthodontic treatment and consider the possible implications.
Trial registration
PROSPERO (CRD42017078208).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miltiadis A Makrygiannakis
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eleftherios G Kaklamanos
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Athanasios E Athanasiou
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Yavuz MC, Sunar O, Buyuk SK, Kantarcı A. Comparison of piezocision and discision methods in orthodontic treatment. Prog Orthod 2018; 19:44. [PMID: 30370430 PMCID: PMC6204431 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-018-0244-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Discision method may provide an alternative to the piezocision approach in accelerated orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of discision on accelerated orthodontic tooth movement in comparison to the piezocision method in moderate crowding Angle Class I malocclusions. Methods Thirty-five female individuals were included in this clinical study. The participants were classified into three groups as conventional fixed non-extraction orthodontic treatment only (OT, n = 14), piezocision in addition to fixed non-extraction orthodontic treatment (PG, n = 9), and discision in addition to fixed non-extraction orthodontic treatment (DG, n = 12). The piezocisions and discisions were performed 1 week after placement of bonding brackets. The patients were seen at 2–3 week-intervals. Initial Little’s irregularity index scores were recorded from dental casts. Periodontal parameters were measured initially, after the 1-month orthodontic treatment. Probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, plaque index, and gingival index were recorded. Visual analog scale (VAS) was performed over the first month at different times following the bracket bonding for pain assessment. The total orthodontic treatment duration was noted. Results The duration of orthodontic treatment was statistically decreased in PG and DG compared to OT (P = 0.003). There was no statistical difference between PG and DG in orthodontic treatment duration (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two experimental groups in terms of VAS and periodontal parameter values (P > 0.05). Conclusions This is the first clinical orthodontic study to assess the effect of discision on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Discision is comparable to piezocision in terms of tooth movement acceleration, pain level, and periodontal status. The discision seems to be effective in reducing the time of orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Cihan Yavuz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Sunar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | | | - Alpdogan Kantarcı
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Forsyth Institute, Boston, Mass, USA
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Alkebsi A, Al-Maaitah E, Al-Shorman H, Abu Alhaija E. Three-dimensional assessment of the effect of micro-osteoperforations on the rate of tooth movement during canine retraction in adults with Class II malocclusion: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 153:771-785. [PMID: 29853235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this split-mouth trial was to investigate the effect of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the rate of tooth movement. METHODS Thirty-two patients (24 female, 8 male; mean age, 19.26 ± 2.48 years) who required fixed orthodontic treatment and maxillary first premolar extractions participated in this trial with MOPs randomly allocated to either the right or left sides distal to the maxillary canines. Eligibility criteria included Class II Division 1 malocclusion, healthy periodontal condition, no smoking, and no systemic disease. Miniscrews were used to support anchorage and retract the canines with the aid of closed-coil nickel-titanium springs with 150 g of force. Randomization was accomplished with block randomization with a permuted block size of 2 with a 1:1 allocation ratio to either right or left with allocations concealed in opaque, sealed envelopes. Blinding was used at the data collection and analysis stages. Three MOPs were performed using miniscrews (5 mm depth, 1.5 mm width) on the buccal bone distal to the canines on the randomly selected side. The primary outcome was the rate of canine retraction measured from 3-dimensional digital models superimposed at the rugae area from the baseline to the first, second, and third months. The following secondary outcomes were examined: anchorage loss, canine tipping, canine rotation, root resorption, plaque index, and gingival index. Pain level, pain interference with the patients' daily life, patients' satisfaction with the procedure and degree of ease, willingness to repeat the procedure, and recommendation to others were also evaluated. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the rates of tooth movement between the MOP and the control sides at all time points (first month: P = 0.77; mean difference, 0.2 mm; 95% CI, -0.13, 0.18 mm; second month: P = 0.50; mean difference, -0.08 mm; 95% CI, -0.33, 0.16 mm; third month: P = 0.76; mean difference, -0.05 mm; 95% CI, -0.40, 0.29 mm). There were also no differences in anchorage loss, rotation, tipping, root resorption, plaque index, periodontal index, and pain perception between the MOP and control sides at any time point (P >0.05). MOPs had no effect on the patients' daily life except for a feeling of swelling on the first day (P = 0.05). Level of satisfaction and degree of easiness of the procedure were high. A significant percentage of patients were willing to repeat the procedure and recommend it to others. No serious harm was observed. CONCLUSIONS Three MOPs were not effective in accelerating tooth movement at any time point. Other secondary parameters evaluated were not different between the MOP and control sides except for the feeling of swelling on day 1 on the MOP side. Patients were highly satisfied with the MOP procedure, and many considered MOPs an easy procedure and were willing to repeat and recommend it to friends. REGISTRATION This trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov with identifier number NCT02473471. PROTOCOL The protocol was not published before trial commencement. FUNDING This work was supported by Jordanian University of Science and Technology (grant number 20150263). No conflict of interest is declared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Alkebsi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordanian University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Emad Al-Maaitah
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordanian University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hisham Al-Shorman
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordanian University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Elham Abu Alhaija
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordanian University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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The use of micro-osteoperforation concept for accelerating differential tooth movement. J World Fed Orthod 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Alikhani M, Chou MY, Khoo E, Alansari S, Kwal R, Elfersi T, Almansour A, Sangsuwon C, Al Jearah M, Nervina JM, Teixeira CC. Age-dependent biologic response to orthodontic forces. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2018; 153:632-644. [PMID: 29706211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Orthodontic tooth movement results from increased inflammation and osteoclast activation. Since patients of all ages now routinely seek orthodontics treatment, we investigated whether age-dependent biologic responses to orthodontic force correlate with the rate of tooth movement. METHODS We studied 18 healthy subjects, adolescents (11-14 years) and adults (21-45 years), with Class II Division 1 malocclusion requiring 4 first premolar extractions. Canines were retracted with a constant force of 50 cN. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected before orthodontic treatment and at days 1, 7, 14, and 28 after the canine retraction. Cytokine (IL-1β, CCL2, TNF-α) and osteoclast markers (RANKL and MMP-9) were measured using antibody-based protein assays. Pain and discomfort were monitored with a numeric rating scale. The canine retraction rate was measured from study models taken at days 28 and 56. RESULTS Although the cytokine and osteoclast markers increased significantly in both age groups at days 1, 7, and 14, the increases were greater in adults than in adolescents. Interestingly, the rate of tooth movement in adults was significantly slower than in adolescents over the 56-day study period. Adults also reported significantly more discomfort and pain. CONCLUSIONS Age is a significant variable contributing to the biologic response to orthodontic tooth movement. Adults exhibited a significantly higher level of cytokine and osteoclasts activity but, counterintuitively, had a significantly slower rate of tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Alikhani
- Advanced Graduate Education Program in Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass; Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Mass; Consortium for Translational Orthodontic Research, Hoboken, NJ
| | - Michelle Y Chou
- Advanced Graduate Education Program in Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Edmund Khoo
- Consortium for Translational Orthodontic Research, Hoboken, NJ
| | - Sarah Alansari
- Consortium for Translational Orthodontic Research, Hoboken, NJ
| | | | | | - Abdullah Almansour
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Chinapa Sangsuwon
- Consortium for Translational Orthodontic Research, Hoboken, NJ; Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Mohammed Al Jearah
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Jeanne M Nervina
- Consortium for Translational Orthodontic Research, Hoboken, NJ; Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY
| | - Cristina C Teixeira
- Consortium for Translational Orthodontic Research, Hoboken, NJ; Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY.
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Asiry MA. Biological aspects of orthodontic tooth movement: A review of literature. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25:1027-1032. [PMID: 30174498 PMCID: PMC6117289 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This review of literature describes the cellular and molecular biology of orthodontic tooth movement, including various theories and effect of chemical mediators on tooth movement. The better understanding of the tooth movement mechanism will inspire the clinicians to design and implement effective appliances that will result in maximum benefits and minimum tissue damage to the patients. This paper also emphasizes the applied aspect of different medication and hormones, during orthodontic treatment, on the signaling molecules which produce bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshabab A Asiry
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Building No 3500, Riyadh 12372-7325 Saudi Arabia
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Hartsfield J, Everett E, Al-Qawasmi R. Genetic Factors in External Apical Root Resorption and Orthodontic Treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 15:115-122. [PMID: 15059946 DOI: 10.1177/154411130401500205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
External apical root resorption (EARR) is a common sequela of orthodontic treatment, although it may also occur in the absence of orthodontic treatment. The degree and severity of EARR associated with orthodontic treatment are multifactorial, involving host and environmental factors. Genetic factors account for at least 50% of the variation in EARR. Variation in the Interleukin 1 beta gene in orthodontically treated individuals accounts for 15% of the variation in EARR. Historical and contemporary evidence implicates injury to the periodontal ligament and supporting structures at the site of root compression following the application of orthodontic force as the earliest event leading to EARR. Decreased IL-1β production in the case of IL-1B (+3953) allele 1 may result in relatively less catabolic bone modeling (resorption) at the cortical bone interface with the PDL, which may result in prolonged stress concentrated in the root of the tooth, triggering a cascade of fatigue-related events leading to root resorption. One mechanism of action for EARR may be mediated through impairment of alveolar resorption, resulting in prolonged stress and strain of the adjacent tooth root due to dynamic functional loads. Future estimation of susceptibility to EARR will likely require the analysis of a suite of genes, root morphology, skeleto-dental values, and the treatment method to be used—or essentially the amount of tooth movement planned for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.K. Hartsfield
- Department of Oral Facial Development, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 1121 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5186, USA; and
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Abstract
When orthodontic patients desire shorter treatment times with aesthetic results and long-term stability, it is important for the orthodontist to understand the potential limitations and problems that may arise during standard and/or technology-assisted accelerated treatment. Bone density plays an important role in facilitating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), such that reductions in bone density can significantly increase movement velocity. Lifestyle, genetic background, environmental factors, and disease status all can influence a patients' overall health and bone density. In some individuals, these factors may create specific conditions that influence systemic-wide bone metabolism. Both genetic variation and the onset of a bone-related disease can influence systemic bone density and local bone density, such as observed in the mandible and maxilla. These types of localized density changes can affect the rate of OTM and may also influence the risk of unwanted outcomes, i.e., the occurrence of dental external apical root resorption (EARR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Iglesias-Linares
- Department of Orthodontics, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal sn, Phone: +34636705246,
| | - Lorri Ann Morford
- University of Kentucky Center for the Biologic Basis of Oral/Systemic Diseases, 1095 Veterans Administration Drive, HSRB Room 414, Lexington, KY 40536-0305 USA, Phone: 859-323-2595 Fax: 859-257-6566,
| | - James Kennedy Hartsfield
- University of Kentucky Center for the Biologic Basis of Oral/Systemic Diseases, 1095 Veterans Administration Drive, HSRB Room 414, Lexington, KY 40536-0305 USA, Phone: 859-323-0296 Fax: 859-257-6566,
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Effect of sex steroids on bone formation in an orthopedically expanded suture in rats. J Orofac Orthop 2016; 77:94-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s00056-016-0021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Macari S, Ajay Sharma L, Wyatt A, Knowles P, Szawka R, Garlet G, Grattan D, Dias G, Silva T. Osteoprotective Effects of Estrogen in the Maxillary Bone Depend on ERα. J Dent Res 2016; 95:689-96. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034516633154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen deficiency results in disruption of maxillary alveolar bone microarchitecture. Most of the actions of estrogen in long bones occur via estrogen receptor α (ERα). However, the function of ERα in the maxillary bone has not been defined. We aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of ERα in the physiological and mechanically induced alveolar bone remodeling in female and male mice. Wild-type (WT) and ERα−/− (ERKOα) mice were subjected to mechanically stimulated bone remodeling by inducing orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). The maxillary bone was analyzed using histomorphometric analysis, micro–computed tomography, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Bone marrow cells (BMCs) from WT and ERKOα mice were tested for their capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Both male and female ERKOα mice exhibited marked reduction of alveolar bone mass and increased OTM. This response was associated with an increased number of osteoclasts and reduced number of apoptotic cells and osteoblasts in the periodontium and alveolar bone. Consistently, ERKOα mice exhibited lower levels of calcium in bone and increased expression of IL-33 (interleukin-33), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α), and IL-1β (interleukin-1β) and decreased expression of dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein and alkaline phosphatase in periodontal tissues. Moreover, the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in vitro was significantly higher in BMCs obtained from ERKOα. ERα is required to maintain the microarchitecture of maxillary alveolar bone. This process is linked to bone cell differentiation and apoptosis, as well as local production of inflammatory molecules such as IL-33, TNF-α, and IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Macari
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L. Ajay Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A. Wyatt
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - P. Knowles
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - R.E. Szawka
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - G.P. Garlet
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry of Bauru, São Paulo University, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - D.R. Grattan
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - G.J. Dias
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - T.A. Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Alansari S, Sangsuwon C, Vongthongleur T, Kwal R, Teo MC, Lee YB, Nervina J, Teixeira C, Alikhani M. Biological principles behind accelerated tooth movement. Semin Orthod 2015. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sodo.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Rosa BV, Blair HT, Vickers MH, Knight CG, Morel PCH, Firth EC. Serum concentrations of fully and undercarboxylated osteocalcin do not vary between estrous cycle stages in Sprague-Dawley rats. Endocrine 2013; 44:809-11. [PMID: 23817840 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-013-0008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brielle V Rosa
- GRAVIDA: National Centre for Growth and Development, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand,
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Alikhani M, Raptis M, Zoldan B, Sangsuwon C, Lee YB, Alyami B, Corpodian C, Barrera LM, Alansari S, Khoo E, Teixeira C. Effect of micro-osteoperforations on the rate of tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013; 144:639-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Effect of LED-mediated-photobiomodulation therapy on orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 30:779-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1405-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ghajar K, Olyaee P, Mirzakouchaki B, Ghahremani L, Garjani A, Dadgar E, Marjani S. The effect of pregnancy on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18:e351-5. [PMID: 23229263 PMCID: PMC3613891 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.18465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pregnancy on orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rats.
Material and Methods: Forty eight female three-month old Wistar rats with an average weight of 250±25 gr were selected and randomly divided into two experimental (pregnant) and control groups (non-pregnant). Maxillary central incisors were tipped distally by insertion of springs exerting 30g force. Two, seven and fourteen days after spring insertion animals were sacrificed. Then the mesioincisal distance between maxillary incisors were measured. Subsequently, histological sections were prepared to count osteoclasts under a light microscope. The data on the extent of orthodontic tooth movement, and the number of osteoclasts were analyzed by independent sample t-test.
Results: The results indicated that 2,7 and 14 days after force application there was no significant difference in orthodontic tooth movement between experimental and control groups (p>0.05). The number of osteoclasts were significantly lower in the experimental group 7 and 14 days after spring insertion (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Pregnancy may decrease the amount of tooth movement in the linear phase but it is not statistically significant. The number of osteoclasts is significantly decreased during pregnancy.
Key words:Pregnancy, rat, orthodontic tooth movement, osteoclast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavoos Ghajar
- Resident of Endodontics, Hamedan University of medical sciences, Hamedan, Iran
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Celebi AA, Demirer S, Catalbas B, Arikan S. Effect of ovarian activity on orthodontic tooth movement and gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-1β and prostaglandin E(2) in cats. Angle Orthod 2012; 83:70-5. [PMID: 22668314 DOI: 10.2319/012912-78.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether there is any correlation between ovarian activity and two potent bone-resorbing mediators (prostaglandin E(2) [PGE(2)], interleukin-1β [IL-1β]) secreted from the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during orthodontic tooth movement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen female cats were included in this study. Animals were randomly divided into three groups (estrous, anestrous, and ovariectomized groups), each having six queens. Estrous was induced by administration of 150 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) to queens of the estrous group. A closed-coil spring, applied with 80 g of tipping force to the canine, was attached between the maxillary canine and mini-implant. GCF was collected on days 0, 6, and 12 from each cat to examine PGE(2) and IL-1β during orthodontic tooth movement in cats. The PGE(2) and IL-1β levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS There was no significant difference (P > .05) between anestrous and the ovariectomized groups in terms of tooth movement on days 6 and 12 of distalization. In contrast, tooth movement in the estrous group was lower (P < .05) than in the remaining two groups (anestrous and ovariectomized). The mean PGE(2) and IL-1β levels of the canine teeth of the estrous groups were significantly lower than the remaining two groups on days 6 and 12 (P < .05) of coil spring applications. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that ovarian activity can affect orthodontic tooth movement and GCF levels of IL-1β and PGE(2) in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Arif Celebi
- Department of Orthodontics, Kirikkale University Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale, Turkey.
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Strippoli J, Aknin JJ. [Accelerated tooth movement by alveolar corticotomy or piezocision]. Orthod Fr 2012; 83:155-164. [PMID: 22717115 DOI: 10.1051/orthodfr/2012015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The relatively recent introduction of corticotomies and piezocision has made it possible for orthodontists to accelerate tooth movement and thereby to shorten the length of orthodontic treatment. Specialists emphasizing a mechanistic concept have been debating the underlying basic biological mechanics of these new therapeutic tools with opposing specialists who support a biological conception. Our analysis of different publications on the subject suggests that the biological explanation, with its emphasis on the Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon (RAP), is correct. However, the majority of studies in this field are not based on the principle of evidence based medicine (EBM).
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Escobar Sánchez ML, Echeverría Martínez OM, Vázquez-Nin GH. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural visualization of different routes of oocyte elimination in adult rats. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e17. [PMID: 22688298 PMCID: PMC3428966 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a process for maintaining homeostasis in tissues and organs. In the ovary, apoptotic cell death has been implicated in follicular atresia; in the elimination of the follicles that are not ovulated during adult life. Recent studies indicate that apoptosis and autophagy are two programmed processes of cell death. Apoptosis is performed by proteases called caspases and leads to such morphological traits as DNA fragmentation. Autophagy, in turn, is characterized by the exacerbated formation of autophagosomes; a process in which the amount of the LC3 and Lamp 1 proteins increases. In this study, oocytes from all stages of the estrous cycle of Wistar rats were analyzed. The apoptosis process was identified by immunodetecting active Caspase-3 and locating DNA fragmentation using the TUNEL technique. Autophagy was evaluated through immunodetection of the LC3 and Lamp 1 proteins, and by ultrastructural localization of autophagic vesicle formation. All techniques were conducted using the same oocytes. Results show that all phases of the estrous cycle contain dying oocytes that test positive simultaneously for apoptosis and autophagy markers. The highest level of apoptosis was found during estrus; while the proestrous stage had the highest level of autophagy. The diestrous and metestrous phases were characterized by a high frequency of the presence of markers of apoptosis and autophagy in the same oocyte. Our results demonstrate that during oocyte elimination in adult rats the proteins involved in both processes, apoptosis and autophagy, are present in the same cell at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Escobar Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán, México
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Davila JE, Miller JR, Hodges JS, Beyer JP, Larson BE. Effect of neonatal capsaicin treatment on orthodontic tooth movement in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2011; 139:e345-52. [PMID: 21457841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2009.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we examined the effect of neonatal administration of capsaicin on the magnitude of orthodontic tooth movement in rats. METHODS Twelve timed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized between the capsaicin group and the vehicle group. The pups received treatment with either capsaicin or vehicle on day 2 of life. Capsaicin treatment has been shown to produce a selective destruction of fine myelinated and unmyelinated Aδ and C sensory nerve fibers, causing an inhibition of the effects from neurogenic inflammation. Tooth-movement experiments began at 12 weeks of age. A mesial tipping force was applied to the maxillary first molar by using a 3-mm length of Sentalloy closed-coil spring (Dentsply GAC Intl, Bohemia, NY) activated from a bonded molar cleat to the maxillary incisors; this appliance delivers a constant tipping force of 50 g. Diastema measurements between the first and second molars were made at 2 and 4 weeks after appliance placement. Measurements were made indirectly from stone models by using a charge-coupled device microscope camera and Optimas 5.2 measurement software (Media Cybernetics, Bethesda, Md). Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the differences between the groups. RESULTS The capsaicin-treated rats and the controls did not differ in the amount of tooth movement at the collected time points (P >0.05). Similarly, the magnitude of change of tooth movement from 2 to 4 weeks did not differ between the groups (P >0.05). An increase in average diastema size was observed between 2 and 4 weeks after appliance activation in both treatment groups (P <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that neonatal capsaicin desensitization in the rat does not affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement after the application of a 50-g tipping force to the maxillary first molar. This might be due in part to the development of compensatory mechanisms in the chronically desensitized rat. Further studies are necessary to determine the reproducibility and histologic characteristics of this treatment.
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Liu J, Jiang Z, Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Xiao J, Ma M, Zhang L. Triptolide induces adverse effect on reproductive parameters of female Sprague-Dawley rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2010; 34:1-7. [DOI: 10.3109/01480541003774358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Zhao Q, Tan Z, Chen Y. The effects of tooth movement on estrous-cycle-dependent expression of the estrogen receptor α. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09291010903407540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
The tissue-based phenomena and the tissue interactions responsible for tooth displacement can be modulated by varying the intensity of the applied forces or by means of medicated molecules absorbed by the patient or prescribed by the orthodontist. However, harmful side-effects such as inflammatory root resorption or replacement resorption (ankylosis) can occur requiring appropriate management on the part of the practitioner.
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Tan Z, Zhao Q, Chen Y. The mutual effects between orthodontic tooth movement and estrous cycle or estrogen 1. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09291010802568681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bartzela T, Türp JC, Motschall E, Maltha JC. Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009; 135:16-26. [PMID: 19121496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, several reviews have been published on the effects of medications on bone physiology and the clinical side effects in orthodontics. However, the effects of medications on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement have not been evaluated. METHODS A systematic literature review on the effects of medications and dietary supplements on the rate of experimental tooth movement was performed by using PubMed (1953-Oct 2007), Web of Science, and Biosis, complemented by a hand search. RESULTS Forty-nine articles were included in the review, but their interpretation was hindered by the variability in experimental design, magnitude of force applied during tooth movement, and medication regimens. Therapeutic administration of eicosanoids resulted in increased tooth movement, whereas their blocking led to a decrease. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) decreased tooth movement, but non-NSAID analgesics, such as paracetamol (acetaminophen), had no effect. Corticosteroid hormones, parathyroid hormone, and thyroxin have all been shown to increase tooth movement. Estrogens probably reduce tooth movement, although no direct evidence is available. Vitamin D3 stimulates tooth movement, and dietary calcium seemed to reduce it. Bisphosphonates had a strong inhibitory effect. CONCLUSIONS Medications might have an important influence on the rate of tooth movement, and information on their consumption is essential to adequately discuss treatment planning with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodosia Bartzela
- Department of Orthodontics and Oral Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Gokce S, Bengi AO, Akin E, Karacay S, Sagdic D, Kurkcu M, Gokce HS. Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen during Experimental Tooth Movement. Angle Orthod 2008; 78:304-8. [DOI: 10.2319/022507-96.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Accepted: 04/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: To determine the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male, adult Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups. HBO was administered in the first group, and the second group served as a control. The mandibular first molars were moved mesially by means of Ni-Ti closed coil springs in all groups.
Results: Results were evaluated histomorphometrically and the parameters of trabecular bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular bone number (Tr.N), and trabecular separation (Tr.Sep) were evaluated at the interradicular bone area of the mandibular first molars. Increases in BV/TV and Tr.N and decreases in Tr.Sep revealed the osteoblastic activity of HBO. HBO application caused an increase in bone apposition and osteoblastic activity or a decrease in osteoclastic activity.
Conclusions: HBO enhanced the bone formation during experimental tooth movement. Therefore, the findings of this study support our hypothesis that osteoblastic activity might be modulated by changes in the environmental oxygen tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sila Gokce
- a Research Scientist, Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Dental Sciences Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A. Osman Bengi
- b Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Dental Sciences Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erol Akin
- c Professor and Department Chair, Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Dental Sciences Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seniz Karacay
- d Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Dental Sciences Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Sagdic
- c Professor and Department Chair, Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Dental Sciences Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kurkcu
- e Assistant Professor, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Hasan Suat Gokce
- f Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Dental Sciences Center, Ankara, Turkey
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Watari I, Kaneko S, Podyma-Inoue KA, Yanagishita M, Soma K. The Effect of Leptin on Rat Maxillary Alveolar Bone under Mechanical Stimuli. J Oral Biosci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1349-0079(07)80018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mermut S, Bengi AO, Akin E, Kürkçü M, Karaçay S. Effects of Interferon-Gamma on Bone Remodeling during Experimental Tooth Movement. Angle Orthod 2007; 77:135-41. [PMID: 17029552 DOI: 10.2319/122105-451r.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: To determine the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) on bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.
Materials and Methods: Thirty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly categorized into five groups. IFN-γ was administered in three different doses (0.01, 0.02, and 0.05 μg/20 μL) and the remaining two groups served as control. Mandibular first molars were moved mesially by means of Ni-Ti closed coil springs in all groups. The results were evaluated histomorphometrically, and parameters of trabecular bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular bone number (Tr.N), and trabecular separation (Tr.Sep) were observed at the interradicular bone area of the mandibular first molars.
Results: Increases in BV/TV and Tr.N and decreases in Tr.Sep revealed the antiosteoclastic activity of IFN-γ.
Conclusion: IFN-γ administration may be useful clinically for anchorage control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sila Mermut
- Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
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Berendsen HHG, Kloosterboer HJ. Oestradiol and mirtazapine restore the disturbed tail-temperature of oestrogen-deficient rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 482:329-33. [PMID: 14660040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to further evaluate the tail-temperature test as a tool to test potential steroidal and non-steroidal compounds for the treatment of hot flushes. Ovariectomized rats were implanted with a temperature sensitive probe. After a recovery period of 5 weeks, the effect of oestradiol (given via a silastic tube) and the 5-HT(2) receptor antagonist mirtazapine (10 mg/kg i.p.) on the tail-temperature in the active phase of the animals was measured. Oestradiol completely restored the disturbed tail temperature after 3 days. Treatment with mirtazapine also restored the oestrogen withdrawal-induced disturbed tail-temperature. The effect of mirtazapine was already seen on the first day of treatment. These experiments confirm and extend the idea that measuring the oestradiol withdrawal-induced disturbance of tail-temperature may be a useful tool to select compounds that might have beneficial effects in the treatment of hot flushes. Blockade of the 5-HT(2A) receptors prevented or reduced the ovariectomy-induced disturbance of the rat tail-temperature, which may validate this model to evaluate the effect of compounds on hot flushes.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluctuation in estrogen/progesterone levels has been shown to affect the periodontium. The effects of pregnancy, prepuberty, and oral contraceptives on gingival health has been studied extensively, with gingival scores reported to be higher, in most instances, than in controls. Fluctuation in steroid sex hormone is also noticeable through women's menstrual cycle. Many women report an increase in gingival inflammation and discomfort associated with their menstrual cycle, most commonly around the menses period. However, this well-known phenomenon has never been studied. The purpose of this longitudinal, prospective study was to compare the periodontal status of premenopausal women at different times during their menstrual cycle. METHODS Eighteen premenopausal women, enrolled in our maintenance program, were recruited. Clinical examination was performed before the recall visit at three different time points in their menstrual cycle: ovulation (OV), premenstruation (PM), and menstruation (M). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were examined around the Ramfjord index teeth. Analysis of variance, with Scheffe modification, was used to determine differences between the menstrual time points. RESULTS Several women in this study reported appreciable oral symptoms just before or during menses. Mean PI (0.85 +/- 0.06) was almost identical at all time points. Despite this, GI was significantly higher (P = 0.0245) in OV (0.54 +/- 0.07) and in PM (0.5 +/- 0.08) than in M (0.38 +/- 0.07). Mean patient's PD (2.22 +/- 0.08 mm) and CAL (2.92 +/- 0.15 mm) was not significantly different between examinations. CONCLUSIONS We observed changes in gingival scores during the menstrual cycles of periodontally healthy women. These changes need to be addressed when analyzing data from epidemiological and treatment studies in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli E Machtei
- Unit of Periodontology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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