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Ting M, Huynh BH, Woldu HG, Gamal I, Suzuki JB. Clinical Impact on Dental Implant Survival in Patients Taking Antiresorptive Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2023; 49:599-615. [PMID: 37905745 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-21-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Dental implants are a predictable option to replace missing teeth. Patients on antiresorptive medications used to treat disorders associated with bone resorption may need dental implants to replace missing teeth. The data on implant failure in patients on antiresorptive medication requiring dental implants, is conflicting and limited. This systematic review aims to investigate if antiresorptive medications have any clinical impact on dental implant survival. Electronic databases were searched until May 2020. The focus question (PICOS): Participants: humans, Interventions: implant placement surgery in patients on antiresorptive medication, Comparisons: patients on antiresorptive medication vs control (patients not on antiresorptive medication), Outcomes: implant survival, and Study design: clinical studies. The protocol of this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020209083). Fourteen nonrandomized studies were selected for data extraction and risk of bias assessment using the ROBINS-1 tool. Only studies with a control were included for the meta-analysis, 8 articles were included in the meta-analysis using implant-level data, and 5 articles were included in the meta-analysis using patient-level data. There was no statistical significance between the 2 groups at the patient level based on 265 patients. However, there was a statistically significant difference at the implant level based on 2697 implants. Therefore, antiresorptive medications, mainly bisphosphonates (BPs), may significantly contribute to implant failure. Antiresorptive medications, especially BPs may reduce implant survival and impair the osseointegration of dental implants. Failed implants in patients on BPs may not lead to osteonecrosis and may be replaced with success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ting
- Department of Periodontics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Think Dental Learning Institute, Paoli, PA
- General Dental Practice Residency, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
- Private Practice, Paoli, PA
| | - Benzon H Huynh
- Indian Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
| | - Henok G Woldu
- The Center for Health Analytics for National and Global Equity (C.H.A.N.G.E.), Columbia, MO
- Biostatistician, Private Company, CA
| | - Ibrahim Gamal
- Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jon B Suzuki
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD
- University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA
- Nova Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, FL
- Temple University Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA
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Castillo EJ, Jiron JM, Croft CS, Freehill DG, Castillo CM, Kura J, Yarrow JF, Bhattacharyya I, Kimmel DB, Aguirre JI. Intermittent parathyroid hormone enhances the healing of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw lesions in rice rats. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1179350. [PMID: 37404809 PMCID: PMC10315582 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1179350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a potentially severe adverse event in patients treated with antiresorptives. Management of MRONJ is challenging, and no non-antibiotic, established medical treatment exists. Intermittent parathyroid hormone (iPTH) has been used off-label to treat MRONJ with favorable results. However, its medical efficacy has rarely been substantiated in clinical or preclinical experiments. Using a validated rice rat, infection-based model of MRONJ, we evaluated the effects of iPTH on established MRONJ. We hypothesize that iPTH contributes to MRONJ resolution by enhancing alveolar bone turnover and healing oral soft tissues. Eighty-four rice rats began a standard rodent chow diet at age 4 weeks to induce localized periodontitis. Rats were simultaneously randomized to receive saline (vehicle, VEH) or zoledronic acid (ZOL, 80 μg/kg IV) every 4 weeks. Oral exams were conducted bi-weekly to assign a gross quadrant grade (GQG, 0-4) to evaluate any lesion at the lingual aspect of the interdental space between maxillary molar (M2) and M3. 14 of 20 VEH-treated rice rats (70%) developed maxillary localized periodontitis with GQG 2-3 after 30 ± 10 weeks of saline. Additionally, 40 of 64 ZOL-treated rice rats with periodontitis developed MRONJ-like lesions after 30 ± 10 weeks of ZOL treatment. Rice rats with localized periodontitis or MRONJ-like lesions were treated with saline or iPTH (40 μg/kg) subcutaneously (SC) 3 times/week For 6 weeks until euthanasia. We found that iPTH -treated ZOL rats had a lower prevalence of MRONJ (p < 0.001), with lower severity extent of oral lesions (p = 0.003) and percentage of empty osteocyte lacunae (p < 0.001). ZOL rats treated with iPTH displayed a higher osteoblast surface (p < 0.001), more osteoblasts (p < 0.001), higher osteoclast surface (p < 0.001) and more osteoclasts (p = 0.002) at alveolar bone surfaces than ZOL/VEH rats. Greater gingival epithelial thickness and epithelial cell proliferation rate was found in the oral mucosa and gingiva of ZOL/PTH rats than in ZOL/VEH rats (p < 0.001). Our data suggest that iPTH is an efficacious non-operative medicinal therapy that accelerates oral healing and enhances the resolution of MRONJ lesions in ZOL-treated rice rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. J. Castillo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - J. M. Jiron
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - C. S. Croft
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - D. G. Freehill
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - C. M. Castillo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - J. Kura
- VA Medical Center, Research Service, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - J. F. Yarrow
- VA Medical Center, Research Service, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - I. Bhattacharyya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - D. B. Kimmel
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - J. Ignacio Aguirre
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Bagwe S, Mehta V, Mathur A, Kumbhalwar A, Bhati A. Role of various pharmacologic agents in alveolar bone regeneration: A review. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2023; 14:190-197. [PMID: 37661974 PMCID: PMC10474547 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_436_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar bone and gingiva are components of the periodontium that house the tooth. It constantly adapts itself to the masticatory forces and position of the tooth. However, localized diseases like chronic periodontitis and certain systemic diseases destroy periodontal tissues, which include the alveolar bone. Various pharmacological agents are being explored for their pleiotropic properties to combat the destruction of alveolar bone. This review focuses on the role of pharmacological agents in alveolar bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vini Mehta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankita Mathur
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhishek Kumbhalwar
- Research Consultant, STAT SENSE, Srushti 10, Sector 1 D, Amba Township Pvt. Ltd., Trimandir, Adalaj, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashok Bhati
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
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Hsu C, He Z, Le Henaff C, Partridge NC. Differential effects of parathyroid hormone, parathyroid hormone-related protein, and abaloparatide on collagen 1 expression by mouse cementoblasts and mouse tooth root density. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023; 163:378-388.e1. [PMID: 36543659 PMCID: PMC9991996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays an important role in maintaining mineral homeostasis by regulating calcium and phosphate levels. Clinical trials have shown that peptides of PTH (1-34), PTH-related protein (PTHrP 1-36), and the new peptide modeled on PTHrP, abaloparatide, can have different anabolic effects on osteoporotic subjects, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The prevalence of moderate and major gingival recession has been shown to be higher in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. In addition, there is a significant association between osteoporosis and tooth loss. METHODS We investigated the actions of these peptides on the cementoblasts and teeth of mice. The murine cementoblast line, OCCM-30, known to express collagen I (Col1a1), was treated with intermittent PTH (1-34), PTHrP (1-36), or abaloparatide for 6 h/d for 3 days. Microcomputed tomography was performed on the teeth of mice receiving daily injections of phosphate-buffered saline, PTH (1-34), or abaloparatide. Statistical differences were analyzed by a 2-way or 1-way analysis of variance followed by a Tukey's post-hoc test. Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and P <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Gene expression showed regulation of Bsp, Col1a1, Opg, Rankl, and Mmp13 by the 3 peptides in these cells. Western blots revealed that after intermittent treatment for 3 days, PTH (1-34) caused an increase in COL1A1 protein immediately after treatment. In contrast, abaloparatide showed a latent effect in increasing COL1A1 protein 18 hours after treatment. PTHrP had no effect on COL1A1 expression. Immunofluorescence confirmed the same result as the Western blots. Microcomputed tomography of teeth showed PTH (1-34) injections increased molar root mineral density in mice, whereas abaloparatide increased density in roots of incisors and molars. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the differential anabolic effects of intermittent PTH (1-34), PTHrP (1-36), and abaloparatide on cementoblasts, as revealed by COL1A1 expression and root mineral density. Abaloparatide may be a potential therapeutic approach for achieving improved cementogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chingyun Hsu
- Formerly, Departments of Molecular Pathobiology and Orthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY; currently, Department of Orthodontics, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR
| | - Zhiming He
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Carole Le Henaff
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY
| | - Nicola C Partridge
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY.
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Tunheim EG, Skallevold HE, Rokaya D. Role of hormones in bone remodeling in the craniofacial complex: A review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:210-217. [PMID: 36718389 PMCID: PMC9883279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diseases such as periodontitis and osteoporosis are expected to rise tremendously by 2050. Bone formation and remodeling are complex processes that are disturbed in a variety of diseases influenced by various hormones. Objective This study aimed to review and present the roles of various hormones that regulate bone remodeling of the craniofacial complex. Methods A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar for studies related to hormones and jawbone. Search strategies included the combinations ("name of hormone" + "dental term") of the following terms: "hormones", "oxytocin", "estrogen", "adiponectin", "parathyroid hormone", "testosterone", "insulin", "angiotensin", "cortisol", and "erythropoietin", combined with a dental term "jaw bone", "alveolar bone", "dental implant", "jaw + bone regeneration, healing or repair", "dentistry", "periodontitis", "dry socket", "osteoporosis" or "alveolitis". The papers were screened according to the inclusion criteria from January 1, 2000 to March 31, 2021 in English. Publications included reviews, book chapters, and original research papers; in vitro studies, in vivo animal, or human studies, including clinical studies, and meta-analyses. Results Bone formation and remodeling is a complex continuous process involving many hormones. Bone volume reduction following tooth extractions and bone diseases, such as periodontitis and osteoporosis, cause serious problems and require a great understanding of the process. Conclusion Hormones are with us all the time, shape our development and regulate homeostasis. Newly discovered effects of hormones influencing bone healing open the possibilities of using hormones as therapeutics to combat bone-related diseases.
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Key Words
- ACE, Angiotensin-converting enzyme
- ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR, ACE 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/mas receptor
- AD, Androgens
- AGEs, Advanced glycation end-products
- AN, Adiponectin
- Bone formation
- Bone homeostasis
- Bone regeneration
- Bone resportion
- DHT, Dihydrotestosterone
- DIZE, Diminazene aceturate
- DM, Diabetes mellitus
- EPO, Erythropoietin
- ER, Estrogen receptors
- ERα, ER alpha
- ERβ, ER beta
- ES, Estrogen
- GPER1, G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1
- HIF-PHIs, Hypoxia inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors
- Hormones
- IGF-1, Insulin-like growth factor-1
- Jawbone
- MAPK, Mitogen-activated protein kinase
- OT, Oxytocin
- PTH, Parathyroid hormone
- RAGEs, Receptor advanced glycation end-products
- RANKL, Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand
- RAS, Renin-angiotensin system
- VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Grinde Tunheim
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsö, Norway
| | - Hans Erling Skallevold
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Li Y, Qian Y, Qiao H, Pan W, Xie L, Li Y. Abaloparatide outperforms teriparatide in protecting against alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis. J Periodontol 2023; 94:244-255. [PMID: 35892139 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two osteoanabolic drugs, abaloparatide (ABL) and teriparatide (TPTD), on protecting alveolar bone in experimental periodontitis. METHODS Twenty-four 9-week-old, male, Sprague-Dawley rats were placed with silk suture around the right maxillary second molar, and then were randomly divided into three groups, that is, the ABL, TPTD, and saline group, receiving intermittent subcutaneous injections of ABL (80 μg/kg), TPTD (80 μg/kg) or saline respectively every other day for 4 weeks. Samples on both sides were assessed through micro-computerized tomography, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis. Mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3 cell was cultured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with ABL or TPTD, before assays of cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS On the ligature side, both ABL and TPTD significantly reduced alveolar bone loss, and ABL had significantly better effects with higher expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and Bglap (formerly called osteocalcin); meanwhile, the ligature induced osteoclastogenesis and down-regulation of osteoprotegerin (OPG) was affected by neither drug. On the non-ligature side, ABL also showed better osteoanabolic effects. In vitro studies revealed that, in the presence of LPS, ABL, and TPTD similarly promoted MC3T3 proliferation, whereas ABL induced higher ALP activity and osteoblastic gene expression compared to TPTD. CONCLUSION Both ABL and TPTD protect and regenerate alveolar bone in experimental periodontitis, and ABL behaves even better than TPTD at the same dose, attributed to its stronger osteoanabolic effects in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuran Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiyi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Meng L, Wei Y, Liang Y, Hu Q, Xie H. Stem cell homing in periodontal tissue regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1017613. [PMID: 36312531 PMCID: PMC9607953 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1017613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The destruction of periodontal tissue is a crucial problem faced by oral diseases, such as periodontitis and tooth avulsion. However, regenerating periodontal tissue is a huge clinical challenge because of the structural complexity and the poor self-healing capability of periodontal tissue. Tissue engineering has led to advances in periodontal regeneration, however, the source of exogenous seed cells is still a major obstacle. With the improvement of in situ tissue engineering and the exploration of stem cell niches, the homing of endogenous stem cells may bring promising treatment strategies in the future. In recent years, the applications of endogenous cell homing have been widely reported in clinical tissue repair, periodontal regeneration, and cell therapy prospects. Stimulating strategies have also been widely studied, such as the combination of cytokines and chemokines, and the implantation of tissue-engineered scaffolds. In the future, more research needs to be done to improve the efficiency of endogenous cell homing and expand the range of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yige Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxian Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huixu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Huixu Xie,
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Yu B, Wang CY. Osteoporosis and periodontal diseases - An update on their association and mechanistic links. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:99-113. [PMID: 35244945 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis and osteoporosis are prevalent inflammation-associated skeletal disorders that pose significant public health challenges to our aging population. Both periodontitis and osteoporosis are bone disorders closely associated with inflammation and aging. There has been consistent intrigue on whether a systemic skeletal disease such as osteoporosis will amplify the alveolar bone loss in periodontitis. A survey of the literature published in the past 25 years indicates that systemic low bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with alveolar bone loss, while recent evidence also suggests a correlation between clinical attachment loss and other parameters of periodontitis. Inflammation and its influence on bone remodeling play critical roles in the pathogenesis of both osteoporosis and periodontitis and could serve as the central mechanistic link between these disorders. Enhanced cytokine production and elevated inflammatory response exacerbate osteoclastic bone resorption while inhibiting osteoblastic bone formation, resulting in a net bone loss. With aging, accumulation of oxidative stress and cellular senescence drive the progression of osteoporosis and exacerbation of periodontitis. Vitamin D deficiency and smoking are shared risk factors and may mediate the connection between osteoporosis and periodontitis, through increasing oxidative stress and impairing host response to inflammation. With the connection between systemic and localized bone loss in mind, routine dental exams and intraoral radiographs may serve as a low-cost screening tool for low systemic BMD and increased fracture risk. Conversely, patients with fracture risk beyond the intervention threshold are at greater risk for developing severe periodontitis and undergo tooth loss. Various Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies for osteoporosis have shown promising results for treating periodontitis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying their connection sheds light on potential therapeutic strategies that may facilitate co-management of systemic and localized bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Division of Regenerative and Constitutive Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Broad Stem Cell Research Center and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Lyu P, Li B, Li P, Bi R, Cui C, Zhao Z, Zhou X, Fan Y. Parathyroid Hormone 1 Receptor Signaling in Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Basic and Clinical Implications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654715. [PMID: 34760881 PMCID: PMC8573197 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) are two peptides that regulate mineral ion homeostasis, skeletal development, and bone turnover by activating parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R). PTH1R signaling is of profound clinical interest for its potential to stimulate bone formation and regeneration. Recent pre-clinical animal studies and clinical trials have investigated the effects of PTH and PTHrP analogs in the orofacial region. Dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are targets of PTH1R signaling and have long been known as major factors in tissue repair and regeneration. Previous studies have begun to reveal important roles for PTH1R signaling in modulating the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs in the orofacial region. A better understanding of the molecular networks and underlying mechanisms for modulating MSCs in dental diseases will pave the way for the therapeutic applications of PTH and PTHrP in the future. Here we review recent studies involving dental MSCs, focusing on relationships with PTH1R. We also summarize recent basic and clinical observations of PTH and PTHrP treatment to help understand their use in MSCs-based dental and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peiran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiye Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Parathyroid Hormone Gene and Genes Involved in the Maintenance of Vitamin D Levels Association with Mandibular Retrognathism. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11050369. [PMID: 34063310 PMCID: PMC8147469 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we evaluated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding PTH, VDR, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 were associated with mandibular retrognathism (MR). Samples from biologically-unrelated Brazilian patients receiving orthodontic treatment were included in this study. Pre-orthodontic lateral cephalograms were used to determine the phenotype. Patients with a retrognathic mandible were selected as cases and those with an orthognathic mandible were selected as controls. Genomic DNA was used for genotyping analysis of SNPs in PTH (rs694, rs6256, and rs307247), VDR (rs7975232), CYP24A1 (rs464653), and CYP27B1 (rs927650). Chi-squared or Fisher’s tests were used to compare genotype and allele distribution among groups. Haplotype analysis was performed for the SNPs in PTH. The established alpha was p < 0.05. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to identify SNP–SNP interactions. A total of 48 (22 males and 26 females) MR and 43 (17 males and 26 females) controls were included. The linear mandibular and the angular measurements were statistically different between MR and controls (p < 0.05). In the genotype and allele distribution analysis, the SNPs rs694, rs307247, and rs464653 were associated with MR (p < 0.05). MDR analyses predicted the best interaction model for MR was rs694–rs927650, followed by rs307247–rs464653–rs927650. Some haplotypes in the PTH gene presented statistical significance. Our results suggest that SNPs in PTH, VDR, CYP24A1, and CYP27B1 genes are associated with the presence of mandibular retrognathism.
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11
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Hathaway-Schrader JD, Novince CM. Maintaining homeostatic control of periodontal bone tissue. Periodontol 2000 2021; 86:157-187. [PMID: 33690918 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar bone is a unique osseous tissue due to the proximity of dental plaque biofilms. Periodontal health and homeostasis are mediated by a balanced host immune response to these polymicrobial biofilms. Dysbiotic shifts within dental plaque biofilms can drive a proinflammatory immune response state in the periodontal epithelial and gingival connective tissues, which leads to paracrine signaling to subjacent bone cells. Sustained chronic periodontal inflammation disrupts "coupled" osteoclast-osteoblast actions, which ultimately result in alveolar bone destruction. This chapter will provide an overview of alveolar bone physiology and will highlight why the oral microbiota is a critical regulator of alveolar bone remodeling. The ecology of dental plaque biofilms will be discussed in the context that periodontitis is a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. The pathogenesis of periodontal bone loss will be explained from both a historical and current perspective, providing the opportunity to revisit the role of fibrosis in alveolar bone destruction. Periodontal immune cell interactions with bone cells will be reviewed based on our current understanding of osteoimmunological mechanisms influencing alveolar bone remodeling. Lastly, probiotic and prebiotic interventions in the oral microbiota will be evaluated as potential noninvasive therapies to support alveolar bone homeostasis and prevent periodontal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Hathaway-Schrader
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chad M Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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12
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Zhang C, Li T, Zhou C, Huang L, Li Y, Wang H, Duan P, Zou S, Mei L. Parathyroid hormone increases alveolar bone homoeostasis during orthodontic tooth movement in rats with periodontitis via crosstalk between STAT3 and β-catenin. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:38. [PMID: 33380723 PMCID: PMC7773736 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-00104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis patients are at risk of alveolar bone loss during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intermittent parathyroid hormone (1–34) treatment (iPTH) could reduce alveolar bone loss during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in individuals with periodontitis and the underlying mechanism. A rat model of OTM in the context of periodontitis was established and alveolar bone loss was observed. The control, iPTH and iPTH + stattic groups received injections of vehicle, PTH and vehicle, or PTH and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor stattic, respectively. iPTH prevented alveolar bone loss by enhancing osteogenesis and suppressing bone resorption in the alveolar bone during OTM in rats with periodontitis. This effect of iPTH was along with STAT3 activation and reduced by a local injection of stattic. iPTH promoted osteoblastic differentiation and might further regulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in a STAT3-dependent manner. The findings of this study suggest that iPTH might reduce alveolar bone loss during OTM in rats with periodontitis through STAT3/β-catenin crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peipei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Mei
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
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13
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Kuraji R, Wu YH, Hashimoto S, Miyashita Y, Mishiro S, Ito H, Kamarajan P, Kapila Y, Numabe Y. Periodontal inflammation triggers a site-specific and wide radius of calcium metabolic effects on alveolar bone. J Periodontal Res 2020; 56:314-329. [PMID: 33314132 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is a close relationship between inflammation and bone remodeling in the periodontium. However, previous studies have not delineated the alterations in calcium (Ca) metabolism during periodontitis progression. The aim of this current investigation was to examine Ca dynamics in alveolar bone of rats during progression of ligature-induced periodontal inflammation by using 45 Ca, which is an index of hard tissue neogenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS To induce periodontitis, the maxillary right first molar (M1) of 8-week-old male rats was ligated with a silk suture for 1, 3, 7, and 28 days. The left M1 was not ligated as a control. To evaluate resultant changes in bone neogenesis, 45 CaCl2 was injected intraperitoneally 24 hours before euthanasia. The left-and-right palatal mucosa, molar teeth (M1 and M2), and alveolar bone were harvested for evaluation of 45 Ca radioactivity using a liquid scintillation counter. The distribution of 45 Ca in maxillary tissues was evaluated using autoradiography (ARG). In addition, we analyzed the bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the alveolar bone by micro-computed tomography. To investigate the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) were measured by an enzymatic assay and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS 45 Ca radioactivity in the alveolar bone of the ligature side decreased by 8% compared to the unligated control-side on day 1, whereas on day 7, it markedly increased by 33%. The 45 Ca levels in the gingival tissue and molar teeth were slightly but significantly lower than the control-side on day 1 and higher from day 3 to 28. The variation in 45 Ca levels for the alveolar bone was greater and specific compared with other tissues. Furthermore, on day 7, ARG data revealed that 45 Ca on the control side was primarily localized to the periodontal ligament (PDL) space and alveolar bone crest and barely detected in the gingival tissues and deeper parts of the alveolar bone. On the ligature side, 45 Ca disappeared from the PDL and alveolar crest, but instead was broadly and significantly increased within the deeper zones of the alveolar bone and furcation areas and distant from the site of ligature placement and periodontal inflammation. In the shallow zone of the alveolar bone, these changes in 45 Ca levels on day 7 were consistent with decreases in the bone structural parameters (BV/TV and BMD), enhanced osteoclast presence, and suppressed levels of BAP expression in osteoblasts. In contrast, the deep zone and furcation area showed that TRAP-positive cells increased, but BAP expression was maintained in the resorption lacunae of the alveolar bone. CONCLUSION During periodontitis progression in rats, 45 Ca levels in the alveolar bone exhibited biphasic alterations, namely decreases and increases. These data indicate that periodontitis induces a wide range of site-specific Ca metabolism alterations within the alveolar bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Kuraji
- Department of Life Science Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ya-Hsin Wu
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | | | - Yukihiro Miyashita
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saki Mishiro
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Dent SC, Berger SM, Griffin JS. Biocultural pathways linking periodontal disease expression to food insecurity, immune dysregulation, and nutrition. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23549. [PMID: 33300640 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this article, we test theoretical pathways leading to and resulting from periodontal disease to better understand how periodontal disease, which is measurable in both past and present populations, integrates biocultural context and affects whole-body physiology. METHODS We use data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 and logistic and linear regressions to test pathways linking psychosocial stress to periodontal disease, and periodontal disease to serum vitamin C levels. We then use causal mediation analysis to test the role of mediating variables in these pathways (n = 1853 individuals). RESULTS Food insecurity was positively associated with periodontal disease and negatively associated with serum counts of C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophils. Neither CRP nor neutrophils significantly mediated the relationship between food insecurity and periodontal disease. Periodontal disease was negatively associated with serum vitamin C levels and positively associated with neutrophil counts. Neutrophils may mediate the relationship between periodontal disease and vitamin C. CONCLUSIONS We identify two main findings: (a) periodontal disease contributes to and may result from immune dysregulation, particularly of neutrophils, and (b) an immune response to chronic infection such as periodontal disease is metabolically expensive for the body to maintain and likely depletes serum micronutrient levels. Both micronutrient status and serum neutrophil counts affect multiple skeletal and physiological phenotypes and thus position periodontal disease in whole-body context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia C Dent
- Department of Anthropology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Steph M Berger
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jacob S Griffin
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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15
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Jiang M, Liu L, Liu R, Lam KS, Lane NE, Yao W. A new anabolic compound, LLP2A-Ale, reserves periodontal bone loss in mice through augmentation of bone formation. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:76. [PMID: 33187558 PMCID: PMC7664094 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there are no effective medications to reverse periodontal disease (PD)-induced bone loss. The objective of this study was to test a new anabolic compound, LLP2A-Ale, or with the combination treatment of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC), in the treatment of bone loss secondary to PD. METHODS PD was induced in mice by placing a ligature around the second right molar. At one week after disease induction, the mice were treated with placebo, LLP2A-Ale, MSCs, or combination of LLP2A-Ale + MSCs, and euthanized at week 4. RESULTS We found that PD induced alveolar bone loss that was associated with reduced bone formation. LLP2A-Ale alone or in combination with MSCs sustained alveolar bone formation and reversed alveolar bone loss. Additionally, PD alone caused systemic inflammation and increased the circulating levels of G-CSF, IP-10, MIP-1a, and MIP2, which were suppressed by LLP2A-Ale +/- MSCs. LLP2A-Ale +/- MSCs increased bone formation at the peripheral skeletal site (distal femur), which was otherwise suppressed by PD. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that LLP2A-Ale treatment rescued alveolar bone loss caused by PD, primarily by increasing bone formation. LLP2A-Ale also attenuated the circulating levels of a series of inflammatory cytokines and reversed the PD-induced suppression of systemic bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lixian Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
- Yunan Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture, Kunming, 650031, Yunan, China
| | - Ruiwu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Nancy E Lane
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 4625 2nd Avenue, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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16
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Stutz C, Batool F, Petit C, Strub M, Kuchler-Bopp S, Benkirane-Jessel N, Huck O. Influence of parathyroid hormone on periodontal healing in animal models: A systematic review. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 120:104932. [PMID: 33113458 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the potential interest of parathyroid hormone (PTH) as an adjunct to periodontal treatment based on studies performed in rodents. MATERIALS & METHODS Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science) were searched up to December 2019. Studies assessing the impact of PTH administration in experimental periodontitis in rodents have been identified. RESULTS Amongst the 247 identified articles, 10 met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Experimental periodontitis was mainly induced by ligature placement or surgically with a dental bur. All studies considered bone healing after PTH administration at different frequencies as primary outcome. Results showed that an intermittent administration of PTH promoted bone healing and neovascularization. Nevertheless, a decrease of soft tissue inflammation was also observed. CONCLUSION Intermittent administration of PTH appears to enhance significantly periodontal healing and to promote alveolar bone regeneration. However, due to the risk of side effects, the development of scaffolds allowing its local and time-controlled delivery is of importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Stutz
- INSERM, UMR 1260 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Fareeha Batool
- INSERM, UMR 1260 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Petit
- INSERM, UMR 1260 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marion Strub
- INSERM, UMR 1260 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sabine Kuchler-Bopp
- INSERM, UMR 1260 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM, UMR 1260 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Huck
- INSERM, UMR 1260 'Osteoarticular and Dental Regenerative Nanomedicine', Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France; Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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17
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Chen ZY, Ye LW, Zhao L, Liang ZJ, Yu T, Gao J. Hyperuricemia as a potential plausible risk factor for periodontitis. Med Hypotheses 2020; 137:109591. [PMID: 32007821 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Elevated blood uric acid (UA) levels have been positively associated with the severity of periodontitis. It thus brings out a hypothesis that hyperuricemia, a pathological elevation of blood UA, might be a risk factor for periodontitis. Namely, periodontitis individuals with Hu might acquire more severe periodontal destruction compared to those without Hu. To support the hypothesis, four aspects of evidences are proposed. First, hyperuricemia and periodontitis share many metabolic and inflammatory comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases which are commonly related to elevated UA levels and gout. Second, observational and interventional studies have found altered UA levels in blood and saliva in periodontitis patients or after periodontal treatment, suggesting an epidemiological connection between hyperuricemia and periodontitis. Third, plausible immuno-metabolic mechanisms by which hyperuricemia might promote the progression of periodontitis are suggested, such as impaired immune response, oxidative stress, pathological bone remodeling and dysbiosis. The last, our empirical data exhibited elevated UA levels in gingival tissue in periodontitis mice compared to controls. If the hypothesis is true, given the high prevalence of the two conditions, hyperuricemia would be a significant risk factor increasing the global burden of periodontal diseases. Evidences on a directional correlation between hyperuricemia and periodontitis are sparse. Longitudinal and experimental studies would be necessary to determine the magnitude of periodontal risk, if any, exacerbated by hyperuricemia and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yun Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Wen Ye
- Department of Periodontology, Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Jia Liang
- Department of Periodontology, Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Periodontology, Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Periodontology, Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Yoshida W, Matsugami D, Murakami T, Bizenjima T, Imamura K, Seshima F, Saito A. Combined effects of systemic parathyroid hormone (1-34) and locally delivered neutral self-assembling peptide hydrogel in the treatment of periodontal defects: An experimental in vivo investigation. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:1030-1040. [PMID: 31292977 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate in vivo combination therapy of systemic parathyroid hormone (PTH) and locally delivered neutral self-assembling peptide (SAP) hydrogel for periodontal treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Viability/proliferation of rat periodontal ligament cells in a neutral SAP nanofibre hydrogel (SPG-178) was evaluated using WST-1 assay. Periodontal defects were created mesially to the maxillary first molars in 40 Wistar rats. Defects were filled with 1.5% SPG-178 or left unfilled. Animals received PTH (1-34) or saline injections every 2 days. Microcomputed tomography, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations were used to evaluate healing at 2 or 4 weeks postoperative. RESULTS At 72 hr, cells in 1.5% SPG-178 showed increased viability/proliferation compared to cells in 0.8% SPG-178 or untreated controls. In vivo, systemic PTH resulted in significantly greater bone volume in the Unfilled group at 2 weeks (p = .01) and 4 weeks (p < .0001) than in the saline control. At 4 weeks, a significantly greater bone volume was observed in the PTH/SPG-178 (p = .0003) and PTH/Unfilled (p = .004) groups than in Saline/SPG-178 group. Histologically, greater bone formation was observed in PTH/SPG-178 at 4 weeks than in other groups. In the PTH/SPG-178 group, increased proportions of PCNA-, VEGF-, and Osterix-positive cells were observed in the treated sites. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that intermittent systemic PTH and locally delivered neutral SAP hydrogel enhance periodontal healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Yoshida
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tasuku Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kentaro Imamura
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.,Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumi Seshima
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.,Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Xu Y, Lv C, Zhang J, Li Y, Li T, Zhang C, Chen J, Bai D, Yin X, Zou S. Intermittent parathyroid hormone promotes cementogenesis in a PKA- and ERK1/2-dependent manner. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1002-1013. [PMID: 31026057 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) promotes cementogenesis and provides a promising biotherapeutic to rehabilitate resorbed roots. However, the underlying mechanisms remain inconclusive. Cyclic aenosine monophosphate (AMP)-dependent protein kinases A (PKA) and extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) are key regulators of bone remodeling. The present study aims to investigate whether PKA and ERK1/2 are involved in the process of intermittent PTH-promoted cementogenesis. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats in experimental group (n = 30) received a daily subcutaneous injection of PTH and the control (n = 30) received placebo vehicle for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks. Results were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. In vitro, OCCM-30 cells were incubated with intermittent PTH. H89 and U0126 were used to determine the role of PKA and ERK1/2, respectively. The cementogenic results were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, alkaline phosphatase activity assay and Alizarin Red S staining. The interaction of PKA and p-ERK1/2 was determined by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). RESULTS Intermittent PTH exerted anabolic effect on cellular cementum in developing teeth with elevated expression of osteocalcin, osteopontin, and PKA (catalytic subunit) in PTH injection group. The promoting effects of intermittent PTH on cementogenesis and osteogenic differentiation were abrogated by H89 and U0126 in vitro, respectively. Blocking of PKA pathway downregulated intermittent PTH-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent PTH promotes cementogenesis in a PKA- and ERK1/2-dependent manner. In this process, PKA and p-ERK1/2 interact with each other. These results support the future biotherapeutic applications of PTH in cementum resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Tiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ding Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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20
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Yoon Y, Kim TJ, Lee JM, Kim DY. SOD2 is upregulated in periodontitis to reduce further inflammation progression. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1572-1580. [PMID: 29972711 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease that results in destruction of tooth-supporting structures followed by tooth-loss. Until now, periodontitis has been regarded to be initiated by bacterial infection followed by aberrant host response. Although increasing evidence suggests a strong association between oxidative stress and periodontitis, precise molecular mechanism has been left unanswered. In this study, we investigated roles of SOD2, the main antioxidant enzyme maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, under inflammatory conditions. METHODS We computationally analyzed SOD2 expression in periodontitis. To confirm this data, immunoblot assay was performed with samples from periodontitis patients. The cellular mechanism of change in SOD2 expression was identified through immunoblot assay and immunofluorescence. To evaluate the molecular function of SOD2, we generated SOD2-deficient cells by utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system. RESULTS We first determined that SOD2 expression was significantly increased in periodontitis. We also confirmed that SOD2 expression was upregulated through the NF-κB pathway when the inflammatory signal was stronger and extended. Gene manipulation against SOD2 through the CRISPR/Cas9 system showed that the absence of SOD2 increased production of NLRP3 inflammasome components. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that intracellular SOD2 has a protective role by suppressing NLRP inflammasome-caspase-1-IL-1β axis under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yoon
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae-Jun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Mok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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21
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Kim JH, Kim AR, Choi YH, Kim A, Sohn Y, Woo GH, Cha JH, Bak EJ, Yoo YJ. Intermittent PTH administration improves alveolar bone formation in type 1 diabetic rats with periodontitis. J Transl Med 2018; 16:70. [PMID: 29544500 PMCID: PMC5856320 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an infectious disease that manifests as alveolar bone loss surrounding the roots of teeth. Diabetes aggravates periodontitis-induced alveolar bone loss via suppression of bone formation. Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration displays an anabolic effect on bone. In this study, we investigated the effect of intermittent PTH administration on alveolar bone loss in type 1 diabetic rats with periodontitis. METHODS Rats were divided into control (C), periodontitis (P), periodontitis treated with PTH (P + PTH), diabetes with periodontitis (DP), and diabetes with periodontitis treated with PTH (DP + PTH) groups. To induce type 1 diabetes, rats were injected with streptozotocin and periodontitis was induced bilaterally by applying ligatures to the mandibular first molars for 30 days. During the experimental period, the P + PTH and DP + PTH groups were subcutaneously injected with PTH (40 μg/kg) three times per week, whereas the C, P, and DP groups were injected with citrate buffer. To observe the mineralization of the alveolar bone, the DP and DP + PTH groups were injected with calcein on days 10 and 27, and with alizarin red on day 20. Thirty days after ligation, histological findings and fluorescence labeling were analyzed in the furcations of the mandibular first molars. Sclerostin-positive osteocytes were assessed by immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS The DP groups had smaller areas of alveolar bone than the other groups, and the DP + PTH group had a larger alveolar bone area than the DP group. The DP group had less osteoid formation than the C group, whereas the DP + PTH had greater osteoid formation than the DP group. Fluorescence labeling results revealed that the DP + PTH group had more mineral deposition on the alveolar bone than the DP group. The DP + PTH group exhibited lower percentage of sclerostin-positive osteocytes in alveolar bone than the DP group. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent PTH administration diminishes alveolar bone loss and sclerostin expression in osteocytes, but increases osteoid formation and mineralization, suggesting that intermittent PTH administration attenuates diabetes-aggravated alveolar bone loss by the induction of bone formation. PTH-induced bone formation may be related to the regulation of osteocytic sclerostin expression in type 1 diabetic rats with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Jeonju Kijeon College, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ri Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 134 Sinchon dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.,Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hui Choi
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 134 Sinchon dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeryun Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 134 Sinchon dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsung Sohn
- DONG-A Pharm, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gye-Hyeong Woo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Semyung University, Jecheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Heon Cha
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 134 Sinchon dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.,Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Eun-Jung Bak
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 134 Sinchon dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Jung Yoo
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 134 Sinchon dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Mizuno M, Morinaga H, Mukai K, Kanayama K, Shibutani T. Parathyroid Hormone (1-34) Enhances Bone Regeneration in Rats with Cranial Bone Defects. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.27.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Mizuno
- Department of Periodontology, Division of Oral Infections and Health Science, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Hirotugu Morinaga
- Department of Periodontology, Division of Oral Infections and Health Science, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Keisuke Mukai
- Department of Periodontology, Division of Oral Infections and Health Science, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Keiichi Kanayama
- Department of Periodontology, Division of Oral Infections and Health Science, Asahi University School of Dentistry
| | - Toshiaki Shibutani
- Department of Periodontology, Division of Oral Infections and Health Science, Asahi University School of Dentistry
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23
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Chen H, Fu T, Ma Y, Wu X, Li X, Li X, Shen J, Wang H. Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone ameliorated alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 83:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Wolf M, Lossdörfer S, Marciniak J, Römer P, Kirschneck C, Craveiro R, Deschner J, Jäger A. CD8+ T cells mediate the regenerative PTH effect in hPDL cells via Wnt10b signaling. Innate Immun 2017; 22:674-681. [PMID: 28071181 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916669417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It was the aim of the present investigation to examine whether the stimulating effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cell proliferation and differentiation would be enhanced by hPDL/T-cell interaction involving Wnt10b signaling as a mediating pathway. hPDL cells were cultured from healthy premolar tissues of three adolescent orthodontic patients and exposed to PTH(1-34) in monocultures or co-cultures with CD8+ T cells. At harvest, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase-specific activity (ALP), and osteocalcin production were determined by immunofluorescence cytochemistry, real-time PCR, biochemical assay, and ELISA. Wnt10b signaling was analyzed by the use of a specific WNT10b neutralizing antibody. PTH(1-34) stimulation of T cells significantly increased Wnt10b expression and production. Wnt10b exposure of hPDL cells enhanced proliferation and differentiation. PDL cells co-cultured with T cells showed a Wnt10b-dependent regulation of proliferation and differentiation parameters. The addition of a Wnt10b-neutralizing Ab to the co-culture medium resulted in a significant inhibition of the PTH(1-34) effect on proliferation, ALP-specific activity, and osteocalcin protein expression. Our findings provide novel insight into the mechanism of action of PTH on hPDL cells and establish the interplay of T cells and hPDL cells via the Wnt10b pathway as a modulating factor for the anabolic properties of the hormone in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wolf
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Germany.,2 Department of Orthodontics, University of Jena, Germany
| | | | - Jana Marciniak
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Piero Römer
- 3 Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Rogerio Craveiro
- 4 Clinic for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - James Deschner
- 5 Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Jäger
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Germany
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25
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Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) promotes cementogenesis and alleviates the catabolic effects of mechanical strain in cementoblasts. BMC Cell Biol 2017; 18:19. [PMID: 28427342 PMCID: PMC5397739 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-017-0133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background External root resorption, commonly starting from cementum, is a severe side effect of orthodontic treatment. In this pathological process and repairing course followed, cementoblasts play a significant role. Previous studies implicated that parathyroid hormone (PTH) could act on committed osteoblast precursors to promote differentiation, and inhibit apoptosis. But little was known about the role of PTH in cementoblasts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intermittent PTH on cementoblasts and its influence after mechanical strain treatment. Results Higher levels of cementogenesis- and differentiation-related biomarkers (bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN), Collagen type I (COL1) and Osterix (Osx)) were shown in 1–3 cycles of intermittent PTH treated groups than the control group. Additionally, intermittent PTH increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized nodules formation, as measured by ALP staining, quantitative ALP assay, Alizarin red S staining and quantitative calcium assay. The morphology of OCCM-30 cells changed after mechanical strain exertion. Expression of BSP, ALP, OCN, osteopontin (OPN) and Osx was restrained after 18 h mechanical strain. Furthermore, intermittent PTH significantly increased the expression of cementogenesis- and differentiation-related biomarkers in mechanical strain treated OCCM-30 cells. Conclusions Taken together, these data suggested that intermittent PTH promoted cementum formation through activating cementogenesis- and differentiation-related biomarkers, and attenuated the catabolic effects of mechanical strain in immortalized cementoblasts OCCM-30. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12860-017-0133-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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26
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Auersvald CM, Santos FR, Nakano MM, Leoni GB, de Sousa Neto MD, Scariot R, Giovanini AF, Deliberador TM. The local administration of parathyroid hormone encourages the healing of bone defects in the rat calvaria: Micro-computed tomography, histological and histomorphometric evaluation. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 79:14-19. [PMID: 28282513 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a single-dose local administration of PTH on bone healing in rat calvarial bone defects by means of micro-computed tomography, histological and histomorphometric analysis. DESIGN Critical-size cranial osteotomy defects were created in 42 male rats. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups. In the C Group, the bone defect was only filled with a blood clot. In the S Group, it was filled with a collagen sponge and covered with bovine cortical membrane. In the PTH Group, the defect was filled with a collagen sponge soaked with PTH and covered with bovine cortical membrane. The groups were further split in two for euthanasia 15 and 60days post-surgery. Data was statistically analyzed with t-tests for independent samples or the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test when applicable. Intragroup comparisons were analyzed with paired t-tests (p<0.05). RESULTS Micro-CT analysis results did not demonstrate statistically significant intergroup differences. At 15days post-surgery, the histomorphometric analysis showed that the PTH Group exhibited a significantly higher percentage of bone formation compared with the S Group. At 60days post-surgery, a higher percentage of new bone was observed in the PTH group. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the local administration of PTH encouraged the bone healing in critical-size calvarial defects in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moreira Auersvald
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, R. Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300 - Cidade Industrial, Curitiba, PR, 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Felipe Rychuv Santos
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, R. Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300 - Cidade Industrial, Curitiba, PR, 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Mayara Mytie Nakano
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, R. Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300 - Cidade Industrial, Curitiba, PR, 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Graziela Bianchi Leoni
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/no - Campus da USP Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Manoel Damião de Sousa Neto
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/no - Campus da USP Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, R. Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300 - Cidade Industrial, Curitiba, PR, 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Allan Fernando Giovanini
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, R. Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300 - Cidade Industrial, Curitiba, PR, 81280-330, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Miranda Deliberador
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, R. Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300 - Cidade Industrial, Curitiba, PR, 81280-330, Brazil.
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27
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Lossdörfer S, Götz W, Jäger A. PTH(1-34) Affects Osteoprotegerin Production in Human PDL Cells in vitro. J Dent Res 2016; 84:634-8. [PMID: 15972592 DOI: 10.1177/154405910508400710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Since periodontal ligament (PDL) cells exhibit several osteoblastic traits, we hypothesized that human PDL cells will respond to hormonal stimulation in an osteoblast-like manner. Confluent and pre-confluent PDL cells from six patients were challenged with PTH(1-34). Cell number, ALP, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and RANKL expression were determined. Intermittent PTH(1-34) treatment of confluent PDL cells caused a significant increase in proliferation, whereas differentiation and osteoprotegerin production decreased significantly. In pre-confluent PDL cells, this treatment regimen induced a biphasic decrease in proliferation, but a biphasic increase in differentiation and osteoprotegerin production. Continuous PTH(1-34) exposure enhanced proliferation but inhibited osteocalcin production in confluent cells and stimulated osteoprotegerin production in pre-confluent PDL cells. RANKL was hardly detectable and unaffected by PTH(1-34) treatment. These results indicate that human PDL cells respond to PTH(1-34) in an osteoblast-like manner, and that the PTH(1-34) effect depends on the maturation state of the cells and on the mode of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lossdörfer
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
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28
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Silva M, Vasconcelos D, Marques M, Barros S. Parathyroid hormone intermittent administration promotes delay on rat incisor eruption. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 69:102-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Wang F, Du L, Ge S. PTH/SDF-1α cotherapy induces CD90+CD34- stromal cells migration and promotes tissue regeneration in a rat periodontal defect model. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30403. [PMID: 27480134 PMCID: PMC4969616 DOI: 10.1038/srep30403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) is a key stem cell homing factor that is crucial for recruitment of stem cells to many diseased organs. However, the therapeutic activity of SDF-1α is potentially limited by N-terminal cleavage at position-2 proline by a cell surface protein CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a DPP-IV inhibitor and has been suggested as a promising agent for periodontal tissue repair. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a cell-free system comprising SDF-1α and scaffold plus PTH systemic application on periodontal tissue regeneration in vivo. The results showed that PTH/SDF-1α cotherapy improved the quantity of regenerated bone and resulted in better organization of ligament interface. We further investigated the possible mechanisms, and found that PTH/SDF-1α cotherapy enhanced CD90+CD34- stromal cells migration in vivo, increased the number of CXCR4 + cells in periodontal defects, induced early bone osteoclastogenesis and enhanced the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and collagen I (Col I) in newly formed bone tissue. In conclusion, this cell-free tissue engineering system with local administration of SDF-1α and systemic application of PTH could be employed to induce CD90+CD34- stromal cells recruitment and promote periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingqian Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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30
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Lin Z, Rios HF, Cochran DL. Emerging regenerative approaches for periodontal reconstruction: a systematic review from the AAP Regeneration Workshop. J Periodontol 2016; 86:S134-52. [PMID: 25644297 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.130689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
More than 30 years have passed since the first successful application of regenerative therapy for treatment of periodontal diseases. Despite being feasible, periodontal regeneration still faces numerous challenges, and complete restoration of structure and function of the diseased periodontium is often considered an unpredictable task. This review highlights developing basic science and technologies for potential application to achieve reconstruction of the periodontium. A comprehensive search of the electronic bibliographic database PubMed was conducted to identify different emerging therapeutic approaches reported to influence either biologic pathways and/or tissues involved in periodontal regeneration. Each citation was assessed based on its abstract, and the full text of potentially eligible reports was retrieved. Based on the review of the full papers, their suitability for inclusion in this report was determined. In principle, only reports from scientifically well-designed studies that presented preclinical in vivo (animal studies) or clinical (human studies) evidence for successful periodontal regeneration were included. Hence, in vitro studies, namely those conducted in laboratories without any live animals, were excluded. In case of especially recent and relevant reviews with a narrow focus on specific regenerative approaches, they were identified as such, and thereby the option of referring to them to summarize the status of a specific approach, in addition to or instead of listing each separately, was preserved. Admittedly, the presence of subjectivity in the selection of studies to include in this overview cannot be excluded. However, it is believed that the contemporary approaches described in this review collectively represent the current efforts that have reported preclinical or clinical methods to successfully enhance regeneration of the periodontium. Today's challenges facing periodontal regenerative therapy continue to stimulate important research and clinical development, which, in turn, shapes the current concept of periodontal tissue engineering. Emerging technologies--such as stem cell therapy, bone anabolic agents, genetic approaches, and nanomaterials--also offer unique opportunities to enhance the predictability of current regenerative surgical approaches and inspire development of novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Lin
- Department of Periodontics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA
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31
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Enhancing Effect of Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Administration on Bone Formation After Titanium Implant Placement in an Ovariectomized Rat Maxilla. IMPLANT DENT 2016; 25:227-31. [DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Vasconcelos DFP, Vasconcelos ACCG. PTH intermittent administration may be a useful therapeutic agent to avoid premature eruption of the tooth. Med Hypotheses 2016; 88:27-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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Lima GMG, Corazza BJM, Moraes RM, de Oliveira FE, de Oliveira LD, Franco GCN, Perrien DS, Elefteriou F, Anbinder AL. The effect of an inhibitor of gut serotonin (LP533401) during the induction of periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 2016; 51:661-8. [PMID: 26740292 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE LP533401 is an inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase 1, which regulates serotonin production in the gut. Previous work indicates that LP533401 has an anabolic effect in bone. Thus, we hypothesized that inhibition of gut serotonin production may modulate the host response in periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effects of LP533401 in a rat periodontitis model to evaluate the role of gut serotonin in periodontitis pathophysiology. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four rats were divided into three groups: treated group (T: ligature-induced periodontal disease and LP533401, 25 mg/kg/d) by gavage; ligature group (L: ligature-induced periodontal disease only); and control group (C: without ligature-induced periodontal disease). After 28 d, radiographic alveolar bone support was measured on digital radiographs, and alveolar bone volume fraction, tissue mineral density and trabeculae characteristics were quantified by microcomputed tomography in the right hemi-mandible. Left hemi-mandibles were decalcified and alveolar bone loss, attachment loss and area of collagen in the gingiva were histologically analyzed. RESULTS Significant difference between the L and C groups was found, confirming that periodontal disease was induced. We observed no difference between the T and L groups regarding alveolar bone destruction and area of collagen. CONCLUSION LP533401 (25 mg/kg/d) for 28 d does not prevent bone loss and does not modulate host response in a rat model of induced periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M G Lima
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - B J M Corazza
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - R M Moraes
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - F E de Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - L D de Oliveira
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - G C N Franco
- Department of General Biology, State University of Ponta Grossa - UEPG, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - D S Perrien
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Rehabilitation and Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - F Elefteriou
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - A L Anbinder
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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dos Santos RAB, Ferreira MS, Mafra CES, Holzhausen M, de Lima LAPA, Mendes Pannuti C, César Neto JB. Synthetic Parathyroid Hormone May Augment Bone Volume in Autogenous Grafts: A Study in Rats. J Periodontol 2016; 87:66-73. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.140638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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35
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Antonoglou GN, Knuuttila M, Niemelä O, Ylöstalo P, Raunio T, Hiltunen L, Karttunen R, Tervonen T. Serum parathyroid hormone and active vitamin D in chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios N. Antonoglou
- Department of Periodontology and Geriatric Dentistry; Research Group of Oral Health Sciences; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - Matti Knuuttila
- Department of Periodontology and Geriatric Dentistry; Research Group of Oral Health Sciences; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center; Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - Onni Niemelä
- Medical Research Unit; Seinäjoki Central Hospital and University of Tampere; Tampere Finland
| | - Pekka Ylöstalo
- Department of Periodontology and Geriatric Dentistry; Research Group of Oral Health Sciences; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Insitute of Dentistry; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
| | - Taina Raunio
- Specialist Dental Health Care Unit; City of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | | | - Riitta Karttunen
- Institute of Diagnostics; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology; Haartman Institute; Laboratory Division (HUSLAB); Helsinki University Central Hospital; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Tellervo Tervonen
- Department of Periodontology and Geriatric Dentistry; Research Group of Oral Health Sciences; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center; Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
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Silva EDP, Vasconcelos DFP, Marques MR, Silva MADD, Manzi FR, Barros SP. Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone improves the repairing process of rat calvaria defects: A histomorphometric and radiodensitometric study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2015; 20:e489-93. [PMID: 26034928 PMCID: PMC4523262 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intermittent treatment of parathyroid hormone (PTH (1-34)) on the bone regeneration of critically-sized rat calvarial bone defects. Material and Methods Thirty-two male rats were trephined (4mm fullthickness diameter), in the central part of the parietal bones and divided into 2 groups of 16. The PTH group received subcutaneous injections of PTH (1-34) at 40µg/kg, 3 times a week and the control (CTL) group received the vehicle in the same regimen. The rats were sacrificed at 4 weeks post-treatment regimen, the parietal bones were extracted and samples were evaluated through histomorphometry and radiodensitometry. Results The histological observations showed that the PTH group presented more “island-like” new bone between the defect margins with fibrous tissues than did the CTL group. The PTH group significantly exhibited greater histologic bone formation than did the CTL group (1.5mm ±0.7; 1.9 mm ± 0.6, p<0.05/ for residual bone defect). The radiodensitometry analysis revealed significant differences among the PTH and CTL groups (2.1 Al eq. ±0.04; 1.8Al eq. ±0.06, p<0.05), demonstrating an increase in bone mineral density. The PTH treatment contributed to the bone formation with a higher amount of mineral and/or fibrous tissue when compared with the CTL group. Conclusions The results suggest that it was possible to increase the process of bone regeneration by accelerating the healing process in rat calvarial defects through intermittent administration of the PTH treatment. Key words:
Bone, skull, rats, bone regeneration, bone density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo-de-Paula Silva
- Universidade Federal do Piauí - UFPI, Campus Ministro Reis Veloso, Colegiado de Biomedicina, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, Reis Veloso, Parnaíba -PI -Brazil, 64204-035,
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Barbato L, Francioni E, Bianchi M, Mascitelli E, Marco LB, Tonelli DP. Periodontitis and bone metabolism. CLINICAL CASES IN MINERAL AND BONE METABOLISM : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF OSTEOPOROSIS, MINERAL METABOLISM, AND SKELETAL DISEASES 2015; 12:174-7. [PMID: 26604945 PMCID: PMC4625776 DOI: 10.11138/ccmbm/2015.12.2.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a plaque induced disease characterized by tissue destruction. The extent of the alveolar bone loss depends on the host response stimulated by bacterial infection. Recently researchers have focused on the role of the immune system, of RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway and of cytokines network. Another recent field of interest is osteoimmunology that try to explain the relationship between immune and bone cells in activating bone resorption. Advances in the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms allowed a better understanding of the relationship with other diseases like osteoporosis and also to hypothesize new therapies based on modulation of host response (host modulatory therapy - HMT). The purpose of this mini-review is to briefly discuss these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barbato
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dentistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Edoardo Francioni
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dentistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dentistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mascitelli
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dentistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Leila Brancato Marco
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dentistry, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Duvina Paolo Tonelli
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dentistry, University of Florence, Italy
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Otawa M, Tanoue R, Kido H, Sawa Y, Yamashita J. Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone ameliorates periapical lesions in mice. J Endod 2015; 41:646-51. [PMID: 25649296 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) promotes oral osseous wound healing and protects against ligature-induced alveolar bone loss. However, its therapeutic value on periapical periodontitis is unknown. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of intermittent PTH administration on the progression of periapical periodontitis. METHODS Seven lymphotoxin alpha-deficient mice received pulp exposures of mandibular first and second molars. Exposed pulp in the right mandible was covered with plaque-contaminated fibrin, whereas exposed pulp in the left mandible was left open. After 4 weeks, the periapical tissues were examined to determine the effect of plaque-contaminated fibrin to induce periapical lesions. Fourteen mice received pulp exposure covered with plaque-contaminated fibrin. PTH (40 μg/kg/d) was administered intermittently to half of the mice for 3 weeks beginning 1 week after pulp exposure. The remaining half received saline injections as the vehicle control. At sacrifice, mandibles and tibiae were harvested and processed for histologic examination. Evaluation of neutrophils and blood vessels was performed after staining with immunofluorescence, and periradicular bone was histomorphometrically analyzed. RESULTS The exposed pulp covered with plaque-contaminated fibrin resulted in significantly larger periapical lesions compared with the control. Intermittent PTH administration reduced the size of periapical lesions significantly. Significantly less neutrophil infiltration around the root apex was found in PTH-treated animals compared with the control. CONCLUSIONS PTH treatment suppressed periapical inflammation by reducing neutrophil infiltration and protected against tissue destruction by periapical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Otawa
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Section of Oral Implantology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Tanoue
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kido
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Section of Oral Implantology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sawa
- Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junro Yamashita
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Chen JF, Yang KH, Zhang ZL, Chang HC, Chen Y, Sowa H, Gürbüz S. A systematic review on the use of daily subcutaneous administration of teriparatide for treatment of patients with osteoporosis at high risk for fracture in Asia. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:11-28. [PMID: 25138261 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to examine the evidence for teriparatide in Asia for osteoporosis with a high fracture risk and for exploratory (unapproved) bone-related indications. MEDLINE (1946+), EMBASE (1966+), and ClinicalTrials.gov (2008+) were searched (16 August 2013); all studies of daily subcutaneous teriparatide 20 μg for bone-related conditions from China, Hong Kong, Japan, Republic of Korea, Philippines, Singapore, and Taiwan were included. Evidence on efficacy/safety was retrieved primarily from randomized controlled trials (10 publications) of postmenopausal women from Japan and China. In these studies, teriparatide was well tolerated; subjects had significantly greater increases in lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) from baseline compared with placebo, antiresorptive agents, or elcatonin/calcitonin; bone turnover markers increased from baseline and were sustained at elevated levels during teriparatide treatment. Few studies reported fracture risk, pain, or quality of life; one study showed a lower incidence of new-onset vertebral fracture with teriparatide versus antiresorptive agents. Nonrandomized studies (nine publications, one unpublished trial) conducted mainly in Taiwan, Japan, and the Republic of Korea provided supporting data for efficacy. The exploratory (unapproved) use of teriparatide (17 publications) for fracture healing and osteonecrosis of the jaw was described primarily in case reports. The clinical effectiveness of teriparatide for treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who are at high risk of fracture in Asia is focused primarily on improvements in BMD and tolerability. Recommended additional studies may include assessment of fracture risk and the effect of teriparatide on pain, quality of life, and mortality in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Rd, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung City, 83301, Taiwan
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Abstract
Risk factors play an important role in an individual's response to periodontal infection. Identification of these risk factors helps to target patients for prevention and treatment, with modification of risk factors critical to the control of periodontal disease. Shifts in our understanding of periodontal disease prevalence, and advances in scientific methodology and statistical analysis in the last few decades, have allowed identification of several major systemic risk factors for periodontal disease. The first change in our thinking was the understanding that periodontal disease is not universal, but that severe forms are found only in a portion of the adult population who show abnormal susceptibility. Analysis of risk factors and the ability to statistically adjust and stratify populations to eliminate the effects of confounding factors have allowed identification of independent risk factors. These independent but modifiable, risk factors for periodontal disease include lifestyle factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption. They also include diseases and unhealthy conditions such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, and low dietary calcium and vitamin D. These risk factors are modifiable and their management is a major component of the contemporary care of many periodontal patients. Genetic factors also play a role in periodontal disease and allow one to target individuals for prevention and early detection. The role of genetic factors in aggressive periodontitis is clear. However, although genetic factors (i.e., specific genes) are strongly suspected to have an association with chronic adult periodontitis, there is as yet no clear evidence for this in the general population. It is important to pursue efforts to identify genetic factors associated with chronic periodontitis because such factors have potential in identifying patients who have a high susceptibility for development of this disease. Many of the systemic risk factors for periodontal disease, such as smoking, diabetes and obesity, and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, are relatively common and can be expected to affect most patients with periodontal disease seen in clinics and dental practices. Hence, risk factor identification and management has become a key component of care for periodontal patients.
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Abstract
The endocrine system plays a major role in human survival. Endocrine glands secrete chemical messengers or hormones that affect every tissue of the body, including the periodontium, during the life of the individual. As the endocrine system influences a broad assortment of biological activities necessary for life, a general understanding of the principal components and functions of this system is essential. A fundamental assessment of hormone structure, mechanism of action and hormone transport, as well as influence on homeostasis is reviewed. A concise evaluation of the functions of the central endocrine glands, the functions of the major peripheral endocrine glands (other than gonadal tissues) and the known relationships of these hormones to the periodontium is examined.
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Abstract
The definition of osteoporosis has evolved beyond low bone mineral density to include impaired bone morphology and matrix properties. As such, the subsequent bone density insufficiencies extend beyond the skeletal risks of fracture and have implications for oral health management patients. As our population ages there is a worldwide increase in the risk of decreased bone mineral density and its subsequent morbidity. This makes age an independent risk factor for fracture and decreased bone mineral density. Multiple examinations and diagnostic tests are currently used in combination to develop an algorithm to assess osteoporotic risk. Oral health care professionals should follow these principles and caution should be used in applying a single independent assessment to determine a patient's osteoporotic or bone metabolism risk. Therapeutic approaches for osteoporosis are often divided into nonpharmacological interventions and pharmacological therapies. The periodontist and other oral health care professionals should have a full understanding of the therapeutic options, benefits and implementation of preventive therapies. Bone turnover is a coupled event of bone formation and bone resorption and it is the imbalance of this homeostasis that results in osteoporosis. Based on this uncoupling of bone resorption and formation, osteoporosis or decreased bone mineral density and osteopenia, may be a risk factor for alveolar bone loss in periodontitis. The role of prevention and maintenance with a history of periodontitis and oesteopenia extends beyond biofilm control and should include management of bone mineral density. The chronic periodontal infection in a patient with osteopenia may place the patient at greatly increased risk for alveolar bone loss, gingival recession and root caries. A key component in the management is the oral health professional's knowledge of the interrelationship between skeletal health and periodontal health.
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Wolf M, Jäger A, Abuduwali N, Götz W, Lossdörfer S. Continuous PTH modulates alkaline phosphatase activity in human PDL cells via protein kinase C dependent pathways in vitro. Ann Anat 2013; 195:455-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Vasconcelos DFP, Marques MR, Benatti BB, Barros SP, Nociti FH, Novaes PD. Intermittent parathyroid hormone administration improves periodontal healing in rats. J Periodontol 2013; 85:721-8. [PMID: 23895251 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) promotes new bone formation in patients with osteoporosis and bone fractures. It was shown previously that PTH also reduces periodontitis-related bone loss. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of treatment with PTH on periodontal healing in rats. METHODS Fenestration defects were created at the buccal surface of the distal root of the mandibular first molars, and both periodontal ligament (PDL) and cementum were removed. Animals were then assigned to two groups (eight animals per group): group 1: control, placebo administration; and group 2: test, human PTH (hPTH) 1-34 administration at a concentration of 40 μg/kg. For both groups, the animals were injected every 2 days, and the animals were sacrificed at 14 and 21 days after surgery. Specimens were harvested and processed for routine decalcified histologic sections. The following parameters were assessed: 1) remaining bone defect extension (RBDE); 2) newly formed bone density (NFBD); 3) total callus area (TCA); 4) osteoclast number (ON) in the callus region; and 5) newly formed dental cementum-like tissue (NFC). Birefringence of root PDL reattachment was also evaluated. RESULTS Birefringence analysis showed root PDL reattachment for both groups 21 days after treatment. Intermittent hPTH 1-34 administration decreased RBDE (P <0.01) and increased NFBD (P <0.01), TCA (P <0.01), area of NFC (P <0.01), and ON in the callus region (P <0.01). CONCLUSION Within the limits of the present study, intermittent administration of hPTH 1-34 led to an enhanced periodontal healing process compared with non-treated animals.
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Kuroshima S, Kovacic BL, Kozloff KM, McCauley LK, Yamashita J. Intra-oral PTH administration promotes tooth extraction socket healing. J Dent Res 2013; 92:553-9. [PMID: 23611925 DOI: 10.1177/0022034513487558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration increases systemic and craniofacial bone mass. However, the effect of PTH therapy on healing of tooth extraction sites is unknown. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of PTH therapy on tooth extraction socket healing and to examine whether PTH intra-oral injection promotes healing. The mandibular first molars were extracted in rats, and subcutaneous PTH was administered intermittently for 7, 14, and 28 days. In a second study, maxillary second molars were extracted, and PTH was administered by either subcutaneous or intra-oral injection to determine the efficacy of intra-oral PTH administration. Healing was assessed by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analyses. PTH therapy accelerated the entire healing process and promoted both hard- and soft-tissue healing by increasing bone fill and connective tissue maturation. PTH therapy by intra-oral injection was as effective as subcutaneous injection in promoting tooth extraction socket healing. The findings suggest that PTH therapy promotes tooth extraction socket healing and that intra-oral injections can be used to administer PTH.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kuroshima
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Functional characterization of the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor in human periodontal ligament cells. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:461-70. [PMID: 23604700 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-0985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) exerts anabolic effects on bone and has been approved for osteoporosis therapy. The dual actions of PTH are mediated primarily through the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R). Upon ligand binding, PTH1R activates diverse signaling pathways, including cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA)- and phospholipase C/protein kinase C (PLC/PKC)-dependent pathways. PTH1R has been abundantly studied in bone cells. Knowledge on PTH1R characteristics and physiology in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells is still in its infancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We characterized PTH1R in PDL cells in terms of its cellular localization, binding affinity, and signal transduction and compared these characteristics to those of MG63 osteoblast-like cells. RESULTS PTH1R mRNA/protein was identified in PDL and MG63 cells. PTH1R was mainly localized on the plasma membrane, in vesicular structures inside the cell, and, to some extent, in the nucleus of both cell types. Binding characteristics of PTH1R were cell type specific, with PDL cells demonstrating a lower binding affinity. The response of cAMP and active PKC production in MG63 cells was dose dependent with increasing PTH(1-34) concentration, whereas in PDL cells, it was regulated biphasically. However, we observed a cross talk between the cAMP/PKA and PLC/PKC signaling pathways, which were regulated diametrically opposed at a given concentration of PTH(1-34). CONCLUSION These data indicate that, albeit the similarity in its subcellular distribution, PTH1R in PDL cells exhibits characteristics different from those in MG63 cells, pointing to the cell type specificity of this receptor. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The findings further elucidate the characteristics of PTH action in dental tissues and widen the theoretical basis for the development of anabolic treatment strategies.
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Price U, Le HOT, Powell SE, Schmid MJ, Marx DB, Zhang Y, Wang D, Narayana N, Reinhardt RA. Effects of local simvastatin-alendronate conjugate in preventing periodontitis bone loss. J Periodontal Res 2012; 48:541-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Price
- Department of Surgical Specialties; University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Dentistry; Lincoln NE USA
| | - H. -O. T. Le
- Department of Surgical Specialties; University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Dentistry; Lincoln NE USA
| | - S. E. Powell
- Department of Growth and Development; University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Dentistry; Lincoln NE USA
| | - M. J. Schmid
- Research/Administration; University of Nebraska Medical Center; College of Dentistry; Lincoln NE USA
| | - D. B. Marx
- Department of Statistics; University of Nebraska; Lincoln NE USA
| | - Y. Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Nebraska Medical Center; College of Pharmacy; Omaha NE USA
| | - D. Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Nebraska Medical Center; College of Pharmacy; Omaha NE USA
| | - N. Narayana
- Department of Oral Biology; University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Dentistry; Lincoln NE USA
| | - R. A. Reinhardt
- Department of Surgical Specialties; University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Dentistry; Lincoln NE USA
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Azambuja CBD, Cavagni J, Wagner MC, Gaio EJ, Rösing CK. Correlation analysis of alveolar bone loss in buccal/palatal and proximal surfaces in rats. Braz Oral Res 2012. [PMID: 23184169 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242012000600014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to correlate alveolar bone loss in the buccal/palatal and the mesial/distal surfaces of upper molars in rats. Thirty-three, 60-day-old, male Wistar rats were divided in two groups, one treated with alcohol and the other not treated with alcohol. All rats received silk ligatures on the right upper second molars for 4 weeks. The rats were then euthanized and their maxillae were split and defleshed with sodium hypochlorite (9%). The cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) was stained with 1% methylene blue and the alveolar bone loss in the buccal/palatal surfaces was measured linearly in 5 points on standardized digital photographs. Measurement of the proximal sites was performed by sectioning the hemimaxillae, restaining the CEJ and measuring the alveolar bone loss linearly in 3 points. A calibrated and blinded examiner performed all the measurements. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient revealed values of 0.96 and 0.89 for buccal/lingual and proximal surfaces, respectively. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r) between measurements in buccal/palatal and proximal surfaces was 0.35 and 0.05 for the group treated with alcohol, with and without ligatures, respectively. The best correlations between buccal/palatal and proximal surfaces were observed in animals not treated with alcohol, in sites both with and without ligatures (r = 0.59 and 0.65, respectively). A positive correlation was found between alveolar bone loss in buccal/palatal and proximal surfaces. The correlation is stronger in animals that were not treated with alcohol, in sites without ligatures. Areas with and without ligature-induced periodontal destruction allow detection of alveolar bone loss in buccal/palatal and proximal surfaces.
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Guimarães GN, Cardoso GBC, Naves LZ, Correr-Sobrinho L, Line SRP, Marques MR. Short-term PTH administration increases dentine apposition and microhardness in mice. Arch Oral Biol 2012; 57:1313-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wolf M, Lossdörfer S, Abuduwali N, Jäger A. Potential role of high mobility group box protein 1 and intermittent PTH (1-34) in periodontal tissue repair following orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:989-97. [PMID: 22777389 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0777-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies indicate that high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) can be released by necrotic and damaged cells and functions as an alarmin that is recognized by the innate immune system. Little is known about the role of HMGB1 within the periodontal ligament (PDL). Therefore, we examined HMGB1 expression by PDL cells in vitro and compared the findings to an in vivo model of orthodontically induced tooth root resorption. In addition, we addressed the question of whether a potentially anabolic intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (iPTH) would modulate the expression of HMGB1. MATERIALS AND METHODS In confluent PDL cell cultures, HMGB1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. In a rat model comprising 25 animals, mechanical loading for 5 days was followed by administration of either iPTH (1-34) systemically or sham injections for up to 56 days. HMGB1 expression was determined by means of immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry. RESULTS The in vitro experiments revealed an inhibitory effect of iPTH on basal HMGB1 mRNA expression in confluent PDL cells. In vivo, the mechanical force-induced enhanced HMGB1 protein expression declined time dependently. Intermittent PTH further inhibited HMGB1 expression. The significantly higher basal HMGB1 protein expression in the former compression side was followed by a more pronounced time- and iPTH-dependent decline in the same area. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate a major role for HMGB1 in the regulation of PDL wound healing following mechanical load-induced tissue injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The findings point to the potential benefit of iPTH in the attempt to support these immune-associated reparative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
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