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Kr AV, Raja K, Krishnan RK, Vijayakumar P, Kalaimani AP. Reviving a Smile: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Dentin Dysplasia. Cureus 2024; 16:e59697. [PMID: 38840992 PMCID: PMC11150178 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dentin dysplasia Type 1 (DD1) is an uncommon inherited condition marked by structural irregularities in dentin, leading to notable dental abnormalities. Clinically, patients typically present with generalized slight yellowish discoloration and tooth mobility, while radiographic examination often reveals a reduced pulp chamber with the absence of pulp stones, a hallmark feature of DD1. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary approach including extraction of affected teeth, direct sinus lift procedure bilaterally, implant placement, and subsequent fixed prosthesis placement. In a recent case, after six months, a patient demonstrated improved oral health-related quality of life with stabilized implant-supported prostheses providing functional and esthetic benefits. This emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and intervention in managing DD1, underscoring the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach in enhancing oral function and esthetics. Further research is warranted to deepen our understanding of the genetic basis of this condition and develop targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Vignesh Kr
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
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2
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AlHadidi A, Lam PPY, Hassona Y. Developmental and Acquired Abnormalities of the Teeth. Dent Clin North Am 2024; 68:227-245. [PMID: 38417988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to present a detailed analysis of the most common developmental and acquired dental abnormalities, including caries, resorptive lesions, and congenital anomalies of teeth number, size, form, and structure. This review highlights how diagnostic imaging can aid in the accurate identification and management of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer AlHadidi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology, and Medicine, NYU College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA; School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman, Jordan 11942.
| | - Phoebe Pui Ying Lam
- The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Yazan Hassona
- School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, Amman, Jordan 11942; School of Dentistry, Al Ahliyya University
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3
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Yuan M, Zheng X, Xue Y, He Z, Song G, Song Y. A novel DSPP frameshift mutation causing dentin dysplasia type 2 and disease management strategies. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2394-2400. [PMID: 36597617 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the mutation in a Chinese family with dentin dysplasia type II (DD-II) and to summarize mutation hotspots, clinical manifestations, and disease management strategies. Phenotype analysis, clinical intervention, mutation screening, and cosegregation analysis within the enrolled family were performed. A summary of the reported mutations in the dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) region of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was analyzed. Pathogenicity prediction analysis of the physical properties and function of DSPP variants was performed by bioinformatic processing. Clinical management strategies are discussed. A novel pathogenic mutation (c.2035delA) in the DPP region of DSPP was identified, which was cosegregated in the family. The immature permanent teeth of patients with DD-II presented with X-shaped root canal phenotypes. Most of the identified mutations for DD-II were clustered in the DPP region between nucleotides 1686-2134. Points of differential diagnosis, clinical interventions, and management strategies are proposed. This study revealed a novel DSPP frameshift mutation and presented new clinical features of DD-II. The locus involving nucleotides 1686-2134 of DSPP may represent a mutational hotspot for the disease. Appropriate management of DD-II at different stages is important to avoid the development of secondary dental lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyan Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueqing Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Xue
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenru He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangtai Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaling Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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4
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Su T, Zhu Y, Wang X, Zhu Q, Duan X. Hereditary dentin defects with systemic diseases. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2376-2393. [PMID: 37094075 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to summarize recent progress on syndromic dentin defects, promoting a better understanding of systemic diseases with dentin malformations, the molecules involved, and related mechanisms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS References on genetic diseases with dentin malformations were obtained from various sources, including PubMed, OMIM, NCBI, and other websites. The clinical phenotypes and genetic backgrounds of these diseases were then summarized, analyzed, and compared. RESULTS Over 10 systemic diseases, including osteogenesis imperfecta, hypophosphatemic rickets, vitamin D-dependent rickets, familial tumoral calcinosis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia, hypophosphatasia, Elsahy-Waters syndrome, Singleton-Merten syndrome, odontochondrodysplasia, and microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II were examined. Most of these are bone disorders, and their pathogenic genes may regulate both dentin and bone development, involving extracellular matrix, cell differentiation, and metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. The phenotypes of these syndromic dentin defects various with the involved genes, part of them are similar to dentinogenesis imperfecta or dentin dysplasia, while others only present one or two types of dentin abnormalities such as discoloration, irregular enlarged or obliterated pulp and canal, or root malformation. CONCLUSION Some specific dentin defects associated with systemic diseases may serve as important phenotypes for dentists to diagnose. Furthermore, mechanistic studies on syndromic dentin defects may provide valuable insights into isolated dentin defects and general dentin development or mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology & Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology & Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangpu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology & Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qinglin Zhu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University & State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology & Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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5
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Mohamed FF, de Oliveira FA, Kinoshita Y, Yalamanchili RR, Eltilib LA, Andras NL, Narisawa S, Tani T, Chu EY, Millán JL, Foster BL. Dentoalveolar Alterations in an Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease Mouse Model. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1192-1207. [PMID: 37191192 PMCID: PMC10524958 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by kidney damage and loss of renal function. CKD mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) describes the dysregulation of mineral homeostasis, including hyperphosphatemia and elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, skeletal abnormalities, and vascular calcification. CKD-MBD impacts the oral cavity, with effects including salivary gland dysfunction, enamel hypoplasia and damage, increased dentin formation, decreased pulp volume, pulp calcifications, and altered jaw bones, contributing to clinical manifestations of periodontal disease and tooth loss. Underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and CKD mouse models commonly require invasive procedures with high rates of infection and mortality. We aimed to characterize the dentoalveolar effects of an adenine diet (AD)-induced CKD (AD-CKD) mouse model. Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were provided either a normal phosphorus diet control (CTR) or adenine and high-phosphorus diet CKD to induce kidney failure. Mice were euthanized at 15 weeks old, and mandibles were collected for micro-computed tomography and histology. CKD mice exhibited kidney failure, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperparathyroidism in association with porous cortical bone in femurs. CKD mice showed a 30% decrease in molar enamel volume compared to CTR mice. Enamel wear was associated with reduced ductal components, ectopic calcifications, and altered osteopontin (OPN) deposition in submandibular salivary glands of CKD mice. Molar cusps in CKD mice were flattened, exposing dentin. Molar dentin/cementum volume increased 7% in CKD mice and pulp volume decreased. Histology revealed excessive reactionary dentin and altered pulp-dentin extracellular matrix proteins, including increased OPN. Mandibular bone volume fraction decreased 12% and bone mineral density decreased 9% in CKD versus CTR mice. Alveolar bone in CKD mice exhibited increased tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase localization, OPN deposition, and greater osteoclast numbers. AD-CKD recapitulated key aspects reported in CKD patients and revealed new insights into CKD-associated oral defects. This model has potential for studying mechanisms of dentoalveolar defects or therapeutic interventions. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma F. Mohamed
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Flavia Amadeu de Oliveira
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuka Kinoshita
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Riti R. Yalamanchili
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Leena A. Eltilib
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Natalie L. Andras
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sonoko Narisawa
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Takashi Tani
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emily Y. Chu
- Department of General Dentistry, Operative Division, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brian L. Foster
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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6
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Liang T, Smith CE, Hu Y, Zhang H, Zhang C, Xu Q, Lu Y, Qi L, Hu JCC, Simmer JP. Dentin defects caused by a Dspp -1 frameshift mutation are associated with the activation of autophagy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6393. [PMID: 37076504 PMCID: PMC10115861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is primarily expressed by differentiated odontoblasts (dentin-forming cells), and transiently expressed by presecretory ameloblasts (enamel-forming cells). Disease-causing DSPP mutations predominantly fall into two categories: 5' mutations affecting targeting and trafficking, and 3' - 1 frameshift mutations converting the repetitive, hydrophilic, acidic C-terminal domain into a hydrophobic one. We characterized the dental phenotypes and investigated the pathological mechanisms of DsppP19L and Dspp-1fs mice that replicate the two categories of human DSPP mutations. In DsppP19L mice, dentin is less mineralized but contains dentinal tubules. Enamel mineral density is reduced. Intracellular accumulation and ER retention of DSPP is observed in odontoblasts and ameloblasts. In Dspp-1fs mice, a thin layer of reparative dentin lacking dentinal tubules is deposited. Odontoblasts show severe pathosis, including intracellular accumulation and ER retention of DSPP, strong ubiquitin and autophagy activity, ER-phagy, and sporadic apoptosis. Ultrastructurally, odontoblasts show extensive autophagic vacuoles, some of which contain fragmented ER. Enamel formation is comparable to wild type. These findings distinguish molecular mechanisms underlying the dental phenotypes of DsppP19L and Dspp-1fs mice and support the recently revised Shields classification of dentinogenesis imperfecta caused by DSPP mutations in humans. The Dspp-1fs mice may be valuable for the study of autophagy and ER-phagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Charles E Smith
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Chuhua Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Yongbo Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, 1000 Wall St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Jan C-C Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - James P Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
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7
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Zhang Z, Huang G, Huang Y, Liu S, Chen F, Gao X, Dong Y, Tian H. Novel dentin sialophosphoprotein gene frameshift mutations affect dentin mineralization. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 151:105701. [PMID: 37084484 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify candidate genes for inheritable dentin defects in three Chinese pedigrees and characterize the property of affected teeth. DESIGN Clinical and radiological features were recorded for the affected individuals. Genomic DNA obtained from peripheral venous blood or saliva were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing. The density and microhardness of affected dentin was measured. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed to obtain the microstructure phenotype. RESULTS 1) General appearance: the affected dentitions shared yellowish-brown or milky color. Radiographs showed that the pulp cavity and root canals were obliterated in varying degrees or exhibited a pulp aspect in the 'thistle tube'. Some patients exhibited periapical infections without pulpal exposure, and some affected individuals showed shortened, abnormally thin roots accompanied by severe alveolar bone loss. 2) Genomic analysis: three new frameshift mutations (NM_014208.3: c.2833delA, c.2852delGand c.3239delA) were identified in exon 5 of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene, altering dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) as result. In vitro studies showed that the density and microhardness of affected dentin were decreased, the dentinal tubules were sparse and arranged disorderly, and the dentinal-enamel-junction (DEJ) was abnormal. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified three novel frameshift mutations of dentin sialophosphoprotein gene related to inherited dentin defects. These mutations are speculated to cause abnormal coding of dentin phosphoprotein C-terminus, which affect dentin mineralization. These results expand the spectrum of dentin sialophosphoprotein gene mutations causing inheritable dentin defects and broaden our understanding of the biological mechanisms by which dentin forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Zhang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guibin Huang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health and Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Siyi Liu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xuejun Gao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanmei Dong
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
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8
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Wang JS, Tokavanich N, Wein MN. SP7: from Bone Development to Skeletal Disease. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:241-252. [PMID: 36881265 PMCID: PMC10758296 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00778-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize the different roles of the transcription factor SP7 in regulating bone formation and remodeling, discuss current studies in investigating the causal relationship between SP7 mutations and human skeletal disease, and highlight potential therapeutic treatments that targeting SP7 and the gene networks that it controls. RECENT FINDINGS Cell-type and stage-specific functions of SP7 have been identified during bone formation and remodeling. Normal bone development regulated by SP7 is strongly associated with human bone health. Dysfunction of SP7 results in common or rare skeletal diseases, including osteoporosis and osteogenesis imperfecta with different inheritance patterns. SP7-associated signaling pathways, SP7-dependent target genes, and epigenetic regulations of SP7 serve as new therapeutic targets in the treatment of skeletal disorders. This review addresses the importance of SP7-regulated bone development in studying bone health and skeletal disease. Recent advances in whole genome and exome sequencing, GWAS, multi-omics, and CRISPR-mediated activation and inhibition have provided the approaches to investigate the gene-regulatory networks controlled by SP7 in bone and the therapeutic targets to treat skeletal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang S Wang
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nicha Tokavanich
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc N Wein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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9
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Mack Wilson J, Bell C, Queck K, Scott K. A Review of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and Primary Dentin Disorders in Dogs. J Vet Dent 2022; 39:376-390. [DOI: 10.1177/08987564221123419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the clinical, radiographic and histologic characteristics of dentinogenesis imperfecta diagnosed in two unrelated young dogs without evidence of concurrent osteogenesis imperfecta. The dentition was noted to have generalized coronal discoloration ranging from grey-blue to golden brown. Clinical pulp exposure, coronal wear and fractures were observed as was radiographic evidence of endodontic disease, thin dentin walls or dystrophic obliteration of the pulp canal. The enamel was severely affected by attrition and abrasion despite histologically normal areas; loss was most likely due to poor adherence or support by the underlying abnormal dentin. Histologically, permanent and deciduous teeth examined showed thin, amorphous dentin without organized dentin tubules and odontoblasts had dysplastic cell morphology. Primary dentin disorders, including dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia, have been extensively studied and genetically characterized in humans but infrequently reported in dogs. Treatment in human patients is aimed at early recognition and multi-disciplinary intervention to restore and maintain normal occlusion, aesthetics, mastication and speech. Treatment in both humans and canine patients is discussed as is the documented genetic heritability of primary dentin disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cynthia Bell
- Specialty Oral Pathology for Animals, LLC, Geneseo, IL, USA
| | - Katherine Queck
- Hospital for Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Matthews, NC, USA
| | - Kristin Scott
- Hospital for Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Matthews, NC, USA
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10
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BMP Signaling Pathway in Dentin Development and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142216. [PMID: 35883659 PMCID: PMC9317121 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BMP signaling plays an important role in dentin development. BMPs and antagonists regulate odontoblast differentiation and downstream gene expression via canonical Smad and non-canonical Smad signaling pathways. The interaction of BMPs with their receptors leads to the formation of complexes and the transduction of signals to the canonical Smad signaling pathway (for example, BMP ligands, receptors, and Smads) and the non-canonical Smad signaling pathway (for example, MAPKs, p38, Erk, JNK, and PI3K/Akt) to regulate dental mesenchymal stem cell/progenitor proliferation and differentiation during dentin development and homeostasis. Both the canonical Smad and non-canonical Smad signaling pathways converge at transcription factors, such as Dlx3, Osx, Runx2, and others, to promote the differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal cells into odontoblasts and downregulated gene expressions, such as those of DSPP and DMP1. Dysregulated BMP signaling causes a number of tooth disorders in humans. Mutation or knockout of BMP signaling-associated genes in mice results in dentin defects which enable a better understanding of the BMP signaling networks underlying odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of BMP signaling in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. It includes discussion of the expression of BMPs, their receptors, and the implicated downstream genes during dentinogenesis. In addition, the structures of BMPs, BMP receptors, antagonists, and dysregulation of BMP signaling pathways associated with dentin defects are described.
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11
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Kim YJ, Lee Y, Zhang H, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Bayrak S, Tuloglu N, Simmer JP, Hu JCC, Kim JW. Translated Mutant DSPP mRNA Expression Level Impacts the Severity of Dentin Defects. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1002. [PMID: 35743786 PMCID: PMC9225647 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12061002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary dentin defects are conventionally classified into three types of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and two types of dentin dysplasia (DD). Mutations in the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene have been identified to cause DGI type II and III and DD type II; therefore, these are not three different conditions, but rather allelic disorders. In this study, we recruited three families with varying clinical phenotypes from DGI-III to DD-II and performed mutational analysis by candidate gene analysis or whole-exome sequencing. Three novel mutations including a silent mutation (NM_014208.3: c.52-2del, c.135+1G>C, and c.135G>A; p.(Gln45=)) were identified, all of which affected pre-mRNA splicing. Comparison of the splicing assay results revealed that the expression level of the DSPP exon 3 deletion transcript correlated with the severity of the dentin defects. This study did not only expand the mutational spectrum of DSPP gene, but also advanced our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis impacting the severity of hereditary dentin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Istanbul 34147, Turkey;
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey;
| | - Sule Bayrak
- Private Practice, Eskisehir 26150, Turkey; (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - Nuray Tuloglu
- Private Practice, Eskisehir 26150, Turkey; (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jan C.-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
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12
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Azpiazu-Flores FX, Knobloch LA, Larsen PE. Interdisciplinary Management of a Patient with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II Using a Combination of CAD-CAM and Analog Techniques: A Clinical Report. J Prosthodont 2022; 31:647-654. [PMID: 35675448 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Type II dentinogenesis imperfecta is an autosomal dominant condition that affects dentin which increases the complexity of the predictability of restorative treatment. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies permit the creation of highly accurate devices and dental prostheses that simplify the planning and execution of advanced implant surgery and full-mouth rehabilitation. This clinical report presents the interdisciplinary management of a 20-year-old male with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II. In this article, a combination of analog and CAD-CAM technologies were used to fabricate devices that aided planning, assisted intermaxillary fixation and implant placement, served as interim prostheses, and permitted the accurate establishment of esthetics and occlusion of the definitive full-arch prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco X Azpiazu-Flores
- Advanced Prosthodontics Program, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Lisa A Knobloch
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH
| | - Peter E Larsen
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH
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13
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The Modified Shields Classification and 12 Families with Defined DSPP Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050858. [PMID: 35627243 PMCID: PMC9141616 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Dentin Sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) are known to cause, in order of increasing severity, dentin dysplasia type-II (DD-II), dentinogenesis imperfecta type-II (DGI-II), and dentinogenesis imperfecta type-III (DGI-III). DSPP mutations fall into two groups: a 5′-group that affects protein targeting and a 3′-group that shifts translation into the −1 reading frame. Using whole-exome sequence (WES) analyses and Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing, we identified disease-causing DSPP mutations in 12 families. Three of the mutations are novel: c.53T>C/p.(Val18Ala); c.3461delG/p.(Ser1154Metfs*160); and c.3700delA/p.(Ser1234Alafs*80). We propose genetic analysis start with WES analysis of proband DNA to identify mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2 causing dominant forms of osteogenesis imperfecta, 5′-DSPP mutations, and 3′-DSPP frameshifts near the margins of the DSPP repeat region, and SMRT sequencing when the disease-causing mutation is not identified. After reviewing the literature and incorporating new information showing distinct differences in the cell pathology observed between knockin mice with 5′-Dspp or 3′-Dspp mutations, we propose a modified Shields Classification based upon the causative mutation rather than phenotypic severity such that patients identified with 5′-DSPP defects be diagnosed as DGI-III, while those with 3′-DSPP defects be diagnosed as DGI-II.
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14
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Duncan HF, Kobayashi Y, Yamauchi Y, Quispe-Salcedo A, Chao Feng Z, Huang J, Partridge NC, Nakatani T, D’Armiento J, Shimizu E. The Critical Role of MMP13 in Regulating Tooth Development and Reactionary Dentinogenesis Repair Through the Wnt Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:883266. [PMID: 35531096 PMCID: PMC9068941 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.883266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix-metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) is important for bone formation and remodeling; however, its role in tooth development remains unknown. To investigate this, MMP13-knockout (Mmp13−/−) mice were used to analyze phenotypic changes in the dentin–pulp complex, mineralization-associated marker-expression, and mechanistic interactions. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated high MMP13-expression in pulp-tissue, ameloblasts, odontoblasts, and dentin in developing WT-molars, which reduced in adults, with human-DPC cultures demonstrating a >2000-fold increase in Mmp13-expression during mineralization. Morphologically, Mmp13−/− molars displayed critical alterations in the dentin-phenotype, affecting dentin-tubule regularity, the odontoblast-palisade and predentin-definition with significantly reduced dentin volume (∼30% incisor; 13% molar), and enamel and dentin mineral-density. Reactionary-tertiary-dentin in response to injury was reduced at Mmp13−/− molar cusp-tips but with significantly more dystrophic pulpal mineralization in MMP13-null samples. Odontoblast differentiation-markers, nestin and DSP, reduced in expression after MMP13-loss in vivo, with reduced calcium deposition in MMP13-null DPC cultures. RNA-sequencing analysis of WT and Mmp13−/− pulp highlighted 5,020 transcripts to have significantly >2.0-fold change, with pathway-analysis indicating downregulation of the Wnt-signaling pathway, supported by reduced in vivo expression of the Wnt-responsive gene Axin2. Mmp13 interaction with Axin2 could be partly responsible for the loss of odontoblastic activity and alteration to the tooth phenotype and volume which is evident in this study. Overall, our novel findings indicate MMP13 as critical for tooth development and mineralization processes, highlighting mechanistic interaction with the Wnt-signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry F. Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Henry F. Duncan, ; Emi Shimizu,
| | - Yoshifumi Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Yukako Yamauchi
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Zhi Chao Feng
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Jia Huang
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Nicola C. Partridge
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University Dentistry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Teruyo Nakatani
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University Dentistry, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jeanine D’Armiento
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Medical Centre, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emi Shimizu
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
- *Correspondence: Henry F. Duncan, ; Emi Shimizu,
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15
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Du Q, Cao L, Liu Y, Pang C, Wu S, Zheng L, Jiang W, Na X, Yu J, Wang S, Zhu X, Yang J. Phenotype and molecular characterizations of a family with dentinogenesis imperfecta shields type II with a novel DSPP mutation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 9:1672. [PMID: 34988181 PMCID: PMC8667123 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI), Shields type-II is an autosomal dominant genetic disease which severely affects the function of the patients’ teeth. The dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene is considered to be the pathogenic gene of DGI-II. In this study, a DGI-II family with a novel DSPP mutation were collected, functional characteristics of DGI cells and clinical features were analyzed to better understand the genotype-phenotype relationship of this disease. Methods Clinical data were collected, whole exome sequencing (WES) was conducted, and Sanger sequencing was used to verify the mutation sites. Physical characteristics of the patient’s teeth were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The localization of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused wild-type (WT) dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and its variant were evaluated via an immunocytochemistry (ICC) assay. The behaviors of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were investigated by flow cytometry, osteogenic differentiation, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results A novel heterozygous mutation c.53T > G (p. Val18Gly) in DSPP was found in this family. The SEM results showed that the participants’ teeth had reduced and irregular dentinal tubes. The EDS results showed that the Ca/P ratio of the patients’ teeth was significantly higher than that of the control group. The ICC assay showed that the mutant DSP was entrapped in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), while the WT DSP located mainly in the Golgi apparatus. In comparison with normal cells, the patient’s cells exhibited significantly decreased mineralization ability and lower expression levels of DSPP and RUNX2. Conclusions The c.53T > G (p. Val18Gly) DSPP variant was shown to present with rare hypoplastic enamel defects. Functional analysis revealed that this novel variant disturbs dentinal characteristics and pulp cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Du
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Cao
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyan Pang
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Si Wu
- The State Key Lab of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liwei Zheng
- The State Key Lab of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxue Na
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yu
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiyun Yang
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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16
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Abstract
Non-syndromic inherited defects of tooth dentin are caused by two classes of dominant negative/gain-of-function mutations in dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP): 5' mutations affecting an N-terminal targeting sequence and 3' mutations that shift translation into the - 1 reading frame. DSPP defects cause an overlapping spectrum of phenotypes classified as dentin dysplasia type II and dentinogenesis imperfecta types II and III. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated a Dspp-1fs mouse model by introducing a FLAG-tag followed by a single nucleotide deletion that translated 493 extraneous amino acids before termination. Developing incisors and/or molars from this mouse and a DsppP19L mouse were characterized by morphological assessment, bSEM, nanohardness testing, histological analysis, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. DsppP19L dentin contained dentinal tubules but grew slowly and was softer and less mineralized than the wild-type. DsppP19L incisor enamel was softer than normal, while molar enamel showed reduced rod/interrod definition. Dspp-1fs dentin formation was analogous to reparative dentin: it lacked dentinal tubules, contained cellular debris, and was significantly softer and thinner than Dspp+/+ and DsppP19L dentin. The Dspp-1fs incisor enamel appeared normal and was comparable to the wild-type in hardness. We conclude that 5' and 3' Dspp mutations cause dental malformations through different pathological mechanisms and can be regarded as distinct disorders.
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17
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Li M, Yang S, Song J, Fu T, Liang P, Gao Z, Tang J, Guo L. Different grinding speeds affect induced regeneration capacity of human treated dentin matrix. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:755-767. [PMID: 34637601 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Human-treated dentin matrix (hTDM) is a biomaterial scaffold, which can induce implant cells to differentiate into odontoblasts and then form neo-dentin. However, hTDM with long storage or prepared by high-speed handpiece would not to form neo-dentin. In this research, we developed two fresh hTDM with different grinding speeds, which were low-speed hTDM (LTDM) with maximum speed of 500 rpm and high-speed hTDM (HTDM) with a speed of 3,80,000 rpm. Here, we aim to understand whether there were induced regeneration capacity differences between LTDM and HTDM. Scanning electron microscope showed that DFCs grew well on both materials, but the morphology of DFCs and the extracellular matrix was different. Especially, the secreted extracellular matrixes on the inner surface of LTDM were regular morphology and ordered arrangement around the dentin tubules. The transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunofluorescence assay showed that the dentin markers DSPP and DMP-1 were about 2× greater in DFCs induced by LTDM than by HTDM, and osteogenic marker BSP was about 2× greater in DFCs induced by HTDM than by LTDM. Histological examinations of the harvested grafts observed the formation of neo-tissue were different, and there were neo-dentin formed on the inner surface of LTDM and neo-cementum formed on the outer surface of HTDM. In summary, it found that the induction abilities of LTDM and HTDM are different, and the dentin matrix is directional. This study lays a necessary foundation for searching the key factors of dentin regeneration in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Medical Cosmetology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China.,Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Sen Yang
- Stomatology Center, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- Chongqing Medical University Stomatology College, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tiwei Fu
- Chongqing Medical University Stomatology College, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Panpan Liang
- Chongqing Medical University Stomatology College, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Gao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijuan Guo
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
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18
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Liang T, Xu Q, Zhang H, Wang S, Diekwisch TGH, Qin C, Lu Y. Enamel Defects Associated With Dentin Sialophosphoprotein Mutation in Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:724098. [PMID: 34630144 PMCID: PMC8497714 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.724098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is an extracellular matrix protein that is highly expressed in odontoblasts, but only transiently expressed in presecretory ameloblasts during tooth development. We previously generated a knockin mouse model expressing a mouse equivalent (DSPP, p.P19L) of human mutant DSPP (p.P17L; referred to as “DsppP19L/+”), and reported that DsppP19L/+ and DsppP19L/P19L mice manifested a dentin phenotype resembling human dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI). In this study, we analyzed pathogenic effects of mutant P19L-DSPP on enamel development in DsppP19L/+ and DsppP19L/P19L mice. Micro-Computed Tomography (μCT) analyses of 7-week-old mouse mandibular incisors showed that DsppP19L/P19L mice had significantly decreased enamel volume and/or enamel density at different stages of amelogenesis examined. Acid-etched scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of mouse incisors demonstrated that, at the mid-late maturation stage of amelogenesis, the enamel of wild-type mice already had apparent decussating pattern of enamel rods, whereas only minute particulates were found in DsppP19L/+ mice, and no discernible structures in DsppP19L/P19L mouse enamel. However, by the time that incisor enamel was about to erupt into oral cavity, distinct decussating enamel rods were evident in DsppP19L/+ mice, but only poorly-defined enamel rods were revealed in DsppP19L/P19L mice. Moreover, μCT analyses of the mandibular first molars showed that DsppP19L/+ and DsppP19L/P19L mice had a significant reduction in enamel volume and enamel density at the ages of 2, 3, and 24weeks after birth. Backscattered and acid-etched SEM analyses revealed that while 3-week-old DsppP19L/+ mice had similar pattern of enamel rods in the mandibular first molars as age-matched wild-type mice, no distinct enamel rods were observed in DsppP19L/P19L mice. Yet neither DsppP19L/+ nor DsppP19L/P19L mice showed well-defined enamel rods in the mandibular first molars by the age of 24weeks, as judged by backscattered and acid-etched SEM. In situ hybridization showed that DSPP mRNA level was markedly reduced in the presecretory ameloblasts, but immunohistochemistry revealed that DSP/DSPP immunostaining signals were much stronger within the presecretory ameloblasts in Dspp mutant mice than in wild-type mice. These results suggest that mutant P19L-DSPP protein caused developmental enamel defects in mice, which may be associated with intracellular retention of mutant DSPP in the presecretory ameloblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Suzhen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Thomas G H Diekwisch
- Department of Periodontics and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Chunlin Qin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Yongbo Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
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19
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Orthodontic Treatment of a Patient with Dentin Dysplasia Type I and Bilateral Maxillary Canine Impaction: Case Presentation and a Family-Based Genetic Analysis. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060519. [PMID: 34207061 PMCID: PMC8234607 DOI: 10.3390/children8060519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dentin dysplasia is a rare hereditary disorder, transmitted by autosomal dominant mode, affecting both dentin and pulp. In Type I crown morphology is normal, but root dentin organization loss leads to shorter roots. Mutations in the SSUH2, VPS4B and SMOC2 genes have been reported as responsible for this condition. Orthodontic treatment was conducted on an 11-year-old female patient presenting the disorder along with bilaterally impacted permanent maxillary canines, in close proximity to the roots of the lateral and central incisors. Treatment plan included lateral incisors extraction, surgical exposure and traction of the impacted canines. Light forces were applied from a custom-made trans-palatal arch. Comprehensive orthodontic treatment was performed using edgewise appliances. After 3 years and 2 months, group function occlusion was achieved. The canines underwent composite resin restorations. At one year post-retention, the dentition remained stable. Family-based genetic analysis did not reveal any mutations in the aforementioned genes pointing to further genetic heterogeneity of this disorder. As dental medicine becomes more sophisticated and personalized, the association between mutation type/function and orthodontic treatment response may provide useful therapeutic insights. The positive treatment response of the presented case could be attributed to a more “benign” mutation awaiting to be identified.
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20
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Non-Syndromic Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Caused by Mild Mutations in COL1A2. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060526. [PMID: 34201399 PMCID: PMC8229930 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary dentin defects can be categorized as a syndromic form predominantly related to osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) or isolated forms without other non-oral phenotypes. Mutations in the gene encoding dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) have been identified to cause dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) Types II and III and dentin dysplasia (DD) Type II. While DGI Type I is an OI-related syndromic phenotype caused mostly by monoallelic mutations in the genes encoding collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) and collagen type I alpha 2 chain (COL1A2). In this study, we recruited families with non-syndromic dentin defects and performed candidate gene sequencing for DSPP exons and exon/intron boundaries. Three unrelated Korean families were further analyzed by whole-exome sequencing due to the lack of the DSPP mutation, and heterozygous COL1A2 mutations were identified: c.3233G>A, p.(Gly1078Asp) in Family 1 and c.1171G>A, p.(Gly391Ser) in Family 2 and 3. Haplotype analysis revealed different disease alleles in Families 2 and 3, suggesting a mutational hotspot. We suggest expanding the molecular genetic etiology to include COL1A2 for isolated dentin defects in addition to DSPP.
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21
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Taqi D, Moussa H, Schwinghamer T, Ducret M, Dagdeviren D, Retrouvey JM, Rauch F, Tamimi F. Osteogenesis imperfecta tooth level phenotype analysis: Cross-sectional study. Bone 2021; 147:115917. [PMID: 33741542 PMCID: PMC8278321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental anomalies in Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), such as tooth discoloration, pulp obliteration (calcified dental pulp space), and taurodontism (enlarged dental pulp space) vary between and within patients. To better understand the associations and variations in these anomalies, a cross-sectional study was designed to analyze the dental phenotype in OI patients at the individual tooth type. METHOD A cohort of 171 individuals with OI type I, III and IV, aged 3-55 years, were recruited and evaluated for tooth discoloration, pulp obliteration, and taurodontism at the individual tooth level, using intraoral photographs and panoramic radiographs. RESULTS Genetic variants were identified in 154 of the participants. Patients with Helical α1 and α2 glycine substitutions presented the highest prevalence of tooth discoloration, while those with α1 Haploinsufficiency had the lowest (<10%). C-propeptide variants did not cause discoloration but resulted in the highest pulp obliteration prevalence (~%20). The prevalence of tooth discoloration and pulp obliteration was higher in OI types III and IV and increased with age. Tooth discoloration was mainly observed in teeth known to have thinner enamel (i.e. lower anterior), while pulp obliteration was most prevalent in the first molars. A significant association was observed between pulp obliteration and tooth discoloration, and both were associated with a lack of occlusal contact. Taurodontism was only found in permanent teeth and affected mostly first molars, and its prevalence decreased with age. CONCLUSION The dental phenotype evaluation at the tooth level revealed that different genetic variants and associated clinical phenotypes affect each tooth type differently, and genetic variants are better predictors of the dental phenotype than the type of OI. Our results also suggest that tooth discoloration is most likely an optical phenomenon inversely proportional to enamel thickness, and highly associated with pulp obliteration. In turn, pulp obliteration is proportional to patient age, it is associated with malocclusion and likely related to immature progressive dentin deposition. Taurodontism is an isolated phenomenon that is probably associated with delayed pulpal maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Taqi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Hanan Moussa
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, Benghazi University, Libya.
| | | | - Maxime Ducret
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, Lyon University, Lyon, France.
| | - Didem Dagdeviren
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Jean-Marc Retrouvey
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, USA.
| | - Frank Rauch
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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22
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Ko E, Omolehinwa T, Akintoye SO, Mupparapu M. Radiographic Diagnosis of Systemic Diseases Manifested in Jaws. Dent Clin North Am 2021; 65:579-604. [PMID: 34051931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Radiographic changes of the oral and maxillofacial hard tissues can be an indication of an underlying systemic disease. In this article, the range of individual disease entities that have both systemic and dental manifestations are reviewed. Images for many conditions are provided to illustrate the radiographic changes. A summary of the most common jaw affected, radiographic and pathognomonic findings, and management aspects is listed in a table format within this article for quick reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Ko
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Temitope Omolehinwa
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sunday O Akintoye
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mel Mupparapu
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Nguyen HTT, Vu DC, Nguyen DM, Dang QD, Tran VK, Le H, Tong SM. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and Caries in Osteogenesis Imperfecta among Vietnamese Children. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9050049. [PMID: 33925433 PMCID: PMC8144955 DOI: 10.3390/dj9050049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility and low bone mass, caused mainly by mutations in collagen type I encoding genes. The current study aimed to evaluate dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), oral manifestations and caries status of OI children. Sixty-eight children (41 males, 27 females) aged from 3 to 17 years old (mean 9 ± 4.13) participated in the study. Participants were classified into three OI type groups (I—2 cases, III—31 cases and IV—35 cases). Clinical examination and an orthopantomogram were used to obtain prevalences and associations of DI, caries status, malocclusion, crossbite, open bite, eruption, impaction and missing teeth with OI. The prevalence of DI among OI patients was 47.1%, more common in OI type III than type IV. The yellow-brown discoloration type was more vulnerable to attrition than the opalescent-grey one in the primary dentition. OI seemed not to have a high risk of caries; the prevalence of caries was 69.1%. A high incidence of malocclusion, crossbite and open bite was observed. In-depth oral information would provide valuable data for better dental management in OI patients. Parents and general doctors should pay more attention to dental care to prevent caries and premature tooth loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dung Chi Vu
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Genetics, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Duc Minh Nguyen
- School of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, Aichi Gakuin University, Aichi 464-8651, Japan
- Correspondence: (D.M.N.); (S.M.T.); Tel.: +81-80-7893-2739 (D.M.N.); +84-91-267-0670 (S.M.T.)
| | - Quang Dinh Dang
- Faculty of Dentistry, Hanoi University of Business and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Van Khanh Tran
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Hung Le
- Dong Da General Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Son Minh Tong
- School of Odonto-Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- Correspondence: (D.M.N.); (S.M.T.); Tel.: +81-80-7893-2739 (D.M.N.); +84-91-267-0670 (S.M.T.)
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Dentine disorders and adhesive treatments: A systematic review. J Dent 2021; 109:103654. [PMID: 33798638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A better understanding of the microstructure and mechanical properties of enamel and dentine may enable practitioners to apply the current adhesive dentistry protocols to clinical cases involving dentine disorders (dentinogenesis imperfecta or dentine dysplasia). DATA/SOURCES Publications (up to June 2020) investigating the microstructure of dentine disorders were browsed in a systematic search using the PubMed/Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library electronic databases. Two authors independently selected the studies, extracted the data in accordance with the PRISMA statement, and assessed the risk of bias with the Critical Appraisal Checklist. A Mann-Whitney U test was computed to compare tissues damage related to the two dentine disorders of interest. STUDY SELECTION From an initial total of 642 studies, only 37 (n = 164 teeth) were included in the present analysis, among which 18 investigating enamel (n = 70 teeth), 15 the dentine-enamel junction (n = 62 teeth), and 35 dentine (n = 156 teeth). Dentine is damaged in cases of dentinogenesis imperfecta and osteogenesis imperfecta (p = 2.55E-21 and p = 3.99E-21, respectively). These studies highlight a reduction in mineral density, hardness, modulus of elasticity and abnormal microstructure in dentine disorders. The majority of studies report an altered dentine-enamel junction in dentinogenesis imperfecta and in osteogenesis imperfecta (p = 6.26E-09 and p = 0.001, respectively). Interestingly, enamel is also affected in cases of dentinogenesis imperfecta (p = 0.0013), unlike to osteogenesis imperfecta (p = 0.056). CONCLUSIONS Taking into account all these observations, only a few clinical principles may be favoured in the case of adhesive cementation: (i) to preserve the residual enamel to enhance bonding, (ii) to sandblast the tooth surfaces to increase roughness, (iii) to choose a universal adhesive and reinforce enamel and dentine by means of infiltrant resins. As these recommendations are mostly based on in vitro studies, future in vivo studies should be conducted to confirm these hypotheses.
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Phenotypic features of dentinogenesis imperfecta associated with osteogenesis imperfecta and COL1A2 mutations. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 131:694-701. [PMID: 33737018 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) requires dental treatment. This study investigated the characteristics of DI teeth associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and COL1A2 mutations. STUDY DESIGN Whole exome and Sanger sequencing were performed. Three primary teeth (called "OIDI teeth") obtained from 3 unrelated COL1A2 patients were investigated and compared with 9 control teeth from age-matched healthy individuals using colorimetry, micro-computed tomography, Knoop microhardness, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and histology. RESULTS All patients were identified with heterozygous glycine substitutions in COL1A2. The COL1A2 mutations, c.1531G>T and c.2027G>T, were de novo, whereas c.3106G>C was inherited. OIDI1, 2, and 3 teeth had a substantial decrease in dentin microhardness and lightness. OIDI2 enamel microhardness was significantly reduced, whereas OIDI1 and 3 had enamel microhardness comparable to that of control individuals. The OIDI1 pulp cavity was large; OIDI2 was narrow; and OIDI3 was obliterated. OIDI1 and 3 had significantly higher carbon levels than those in control individuals. Numerous ectopic calcified masses, sparse and obstructed dentinal tubules, dentin holes, and collagen disorientation were observed. CONCLUSIONS OIDI teeth had reduced lightness and variable pulp morphology. Weak dentin, mineral disproportion, and abnormal ultrastructure could contribute to the brittleness of OIDI teeth and adhesive restoration failure. Here, we expand the phenotypic spectrum of COL1A2 mutations and raise awareness among dentists seeing patients with OI.
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Abstract
AbstractThe current review assesses the literature concerning the etiology of primary teeth staining and discoloration. The appearance of the dentition is of concern to many children and their caregivers seeking dental treatment as the color of the teeth is of aesthetic importance. The correct diagnosis of the cause of the discoloration is important as, invariably, it has a profound effect on treatment outcomes. It would seem reasonable, therefore, that dental practitioners understand the etiology of tooth discoloration to make a diagnosis and enable appropriate treatment to be conducted. Knowledge of the etiology of tooth staining is of importance to the dental practitioner to explain the patient the exact nature of the condition. In some instances, the mechanism of staining affects the outcome of the treatment and influences the options the dentist will be able to offer. Many of these contributing factors are preventable if parents are educated, managed by professional interventions, or provide a multidisciplinary approach. In this review, we highlight the importance of children smiles and the difference between primary and permanent teeth. We discuss the different types of primary teeth staining and discoloration and whether it is intrinsic or extrinsic, as well as the different impacts of some conditions on primary teeth compared with permanent teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulfatah Alazmah
- Pediatric Dentistry Division, Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Gopalakrishnan S, Balasubramaniam N, Ramamoorthi R, Vedachalam R. A case of multiple rootless teeth: A case report and review. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021; 25:559. [PMID: 35281176 PMCID: PMC8859607 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_337_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentin dysplasia is a rare, hereditary disorder affecting the dental hard tissue. It is a congenital, autosomal dominant disease of unknown etiology that affects 1:100,000 populations. It may present as such affecting only the dental hard tissue or as one of the symptoms of underlying diseases such as calcinosis, Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, rhematoid arthitis, Vitaminosis D and Branchioskeletogenital syndrome. This was first described by Ballschmiede as rootless teeth in 1920 and termed as dentin dysplasia by Rushton in the year 1939. It is classified into Type I, II and III, in which Type III affects only the secondary dentition. This article reports a rare case of Type I dentin dysplasia in a 26-year-old male patient, and focus on clinical, radiological, ground section and histopathological aspects. It emphasizes the significance of early diagnosis and intervention for the psychological well-being of the individual.
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Krug R, Volland J, Reich S, Soliman S, Connert T, Krastl G. Guided endodontic treatment of multiple teeth with dentin dysplasia: a case report. Head Face Med 2020; 16:27. [PMID: 33203420 PMCID: PMC7672920 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-020-00240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To report the outcome of guided endodontic treatment (GET) of a case of dentin dysplasia with pulp canal calcification (PCC) and apical periodontitis based on the use of a 3D-printed template designed by merging cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and surface scan data. Case presentation A 12-year old female with radicular dentin dysplasia type I (DD-1) presented for endodontic treatment. Radiography revealed PCC in all teeth and apical radiolucency in seven teeth (12, 15, 26, 31, 32, 36 and 46). Tooth 36 had the most acute symptoms and was thus treated first by conventional access cavity preparation and root canal detection. Despite meticulous technique, the distal and mesiolingual canals were perforated. The perforations were immediately repaired with mineral trioxide aggregate, and the decision was made to switch to guided endodontic treatment for the remaining 6 teeth. CBCT and intraoral surface scans were acquired and matched using coDiagnostix planning software (Dental Wings Inc.), the respective drill positions for root canal location were determined, and templates were virtually designed and 3D-printed. The template was positioned on the respective tooth, and a customized drill was used to penetrate the calcified part of the root canal and perform minimally invasive access cavity preparation up to the apical region. All root canals were rapidly and successfully located with the templates. At 1-year follow-up, clear signs of apical healing were present in all treated teeth. Conclusions In patients with dentin dysplasia, conventional endodontic therapy is challenging. GET considerably facilitates the root canal treatment of teeth affected by dentin dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Krug
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology and Center of Dental Traumatology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Julian Volland
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology and Center of Dental Traumatology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Reich
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology and Center of Dental Traumatology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Soliman
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology and Center of Dental Traumatology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Connert
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Mattenstraße 40, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Krastl
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology and Center of Dental Traumatology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
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Sabandal MMI, Schäfer E, Imper J, Jung S, Kleinheinz J, Sielker S. Simvastatin Induces In Vitro Mineralization Effects of Primary Human Odontoblast-Like Cells. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13204679. [PMID: 33092304 PMCID: PMC7588985 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Simvastatin (SV) is an often prescribed statin reducing the LDL-concentration in circulating blood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pleiotropic effects of SV to primary human odontoblast-like cells. Twenty four wisdom teeth of different subjects were extracted and the pulp tissue was removed and minced under sterile conditions. After mincing, the requested cells were passaged according to established protocols. Osteoblastic marker (ALP conversion), viability and mineralization were determined at days 14, 17 and 21 after simvastatin exposition (0.01 µM, 0.1 µM, 1.0 µM, 2.0 µM). The sample size per group was 24 cultures with three replicates per culture for ALP-conversion and mineralization and 6 replicates for viability. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. After adding SV, viability was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased in a time- and dose-dependent manner, whereas after 21 days, mineralization was significant (p < 0.01). ALP-conversion in groups with SV concentrations of 1 and 2 µM SV was significantly (p < 0.01) increased. Pleiotropic effects regarding mineralization in higher SV concentrations were possibly induced via alternative mineralization pathways as almost equal elevations of ALP conversion were not evident in the control and experimental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mariano Isabelo Sabandal
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (E.S.); (J.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-251-843-712
| | - Edgar Schäfer
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (E.S.); (J.I.)
| | - Jessica Imper
- Central Interdisciplinary Ambulance in the School of Dentistry, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (E.S.); (J.I.)
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.J.); (J.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Susanne Jung
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.J.); (J.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Johannes Kleinheinz
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.J.); (J.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Sonja Sielker
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.J.); (J.K.); (S.S.)
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30
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Haba D, Decolli Y, Marciuc E, Sîrghe AE. Teeth Impaction and Structural Teeth Anomalies. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2020; 24:523-534. [PMID: 33036040 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Dentists and oral and maxillofacial radiologists have used periapical, occlusal, panoramic, and cephalometric radiographs for many years for diagnosing dental anomalies, especially before orthodontic or surgical treatment. Cone beam computed tomography was developed in recent years especially for the dental and maxillofacial region. Thus it has become the imaging modality of choice for many clinical situations, such as the assessment of dental impaction and structural teeth anomalies or other associated diseases and disorders (e.g., Gardner's syndrome, cleidocranial dysplasia). This article reviews different aspects of dental impaction and its possible effects on adjacent structures such as external root resorption, marginal bone loss, as well as describing structural dental anomalies. It provides a systematic analysis of their characteristic features and imaging findings for general radiologists to achieve a precise diagnosis and an optimal interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danisia Haba
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Yllka Decolli
- Department of Odontology, Parodontology and Fixed Prothesis, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Emilia Marciuc
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Ana Elena Sîrghe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
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Shi S, Li N, Jin X, Huang S, Ma J. A Digital Esthetic Rehabilitation of a Patient with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II: A Clinical Report. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:643-650. [PMID: 32803808 PMCID: PMC7589272 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A 19‐year‐old female affected by dentinogenesis imperfecta type II (DI‐II), a genetic disease that affects the structural integrity of the dentin, presented with a chief complaint of discolored teeth. For this patient, digital techniques, including digital smile design (DSD), the ARCUSdigma axiograph and computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), were extensively used in all phases of the rehabilitation process. Compared to traditional analog methods, these digital techniques could reduce the constant confirmation of occlusion, promote communication between clinicians and dental technicians, achieve accurate occlusion with relatively high efficiency, and improve the efficacy of esthetic rehabilitation in the treatment of this patient with DI‐II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Shi
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
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Sarapultseva M, Leleko A, Sarapultsev A. Case report: Rehabilitation of a child with dentinogenesis imperfecta with CAD/CAM approach: Three‐year follow‐up. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2020; 40:511-518. [DOI: 10.1111/scd.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sarapultseva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry Medical Firm Vital EVV Ekaterinburg Russia
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology (IIP) Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Alina Leleko
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry Medical Firm Vital EVV Ekaterinburg Russia
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology (IIP) Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences Ekaterinburg Russia
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology (IIP) Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences Ekaterinburg Russia
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VPS4B mutation impairs the osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells derived from a patient with dentin dysplasia type I. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:22. [PMID: 32737282 PMCID: PMC7395790 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-00088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A splicing mutation in VPS4B can cause dentin dysplasia type I (DD-I), a hereditary autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by rootless teeth, the etiology of which is genetically heterogeneous. In our study, dental follicle cells (DFCs) were isolated and cultured from a patient with DD-I and compared with those from an age-matched, healthy control. In a previous study, this DD-I patient was confirmed to have a loss-of-function splicing mutation in VPS4B (IVS7 + 46C > G). The results from this study showed that the isolated DFCs were vimentin-positive and CK14-negative, indicating that the isolated cells were derived from the mesenchyme. DFCs harboring the VPS4B mutation had a significantly higher proliferation rate from day 3 to day 8 than control DFCs, indicating that VPS4B is involved in cell proliferation. The cells were then replenished with osteogenic medium to investigate how the VPS4B mutation affected osteogenic differentiation. Induction of osteogenesis, detected by alizarin red and alkaline phosphatase staining in vitro, was decreased in the DFCs from the DD-I patient compared to the control DFCs. Furthermore, we also found that the VPS4B mutation in the DD-I patient downregulated the expression of osteoblast-related genes, such as ALP, BSP, OCN, RUNX2, and their encoded proteins. These outcomes confirmed that the DD-I-associated VPS4B mutation could decrease the capacity of DFCs to differentiate during the mineralization process and may also impair physiological root formation and bone remodeling. This might provide valuable insights and implications for exploring the pathological mechanisms underlying DD-I root development.
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Malik Z, Roth DM, Eaton F, Theodor JM, Graf D. Mesenchymal Bmp7 Controls Onset of Tooth Mineralization: A Novel Way to Regulate Molar Cusp Shape. Front Physiol 2020; 11:698. [PMID: 32719613 PMCID: PMC7350786 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating the molecular basis for tooth shape variation provides an important glimpse into the evolution of tooth function. We recently showed that loss of mesenchymal BMP7 is sufficient to alter morphology and function of the toothrow. Here we report on the underlying mechanism. Expression of mesenchymal Bmp7 is observed at sites where mineralization is initiated, in tooth cusps of developing molars. Neural crest-specific deletion of Bmp7 (Bmp7ncko) resulted in a complete lack of dentin/enamel formation at birth, the time when mineralization is normally initiated in the upper molars, similar to what was observed in Bmp2ncko mice. Unlike loss of Bmp2, loss of Bmp7 did not affect odontoblast polarization and did not significantly alter the levels of pSmad1/5/8, but almost completely abolished canonical Wnt signaling in (pre)-ameloblasts. Tooth mineralization resumed with a 48-h delay allowing for additional mesenchymal proliferation. Enamel volume was still reduced at P4 and P8, but was comparable in erupted teeth, which were broader and had altered cusp shapes. Tooth eruption was also delayed. Overall, enamel appeared inconspicuous, although some structural changes along with reduced mineral density could be observed. Loss of Bmp7 led to an increase in mesenchymal Bmp6 suggesting an interplay between Bmp6 and Bmp7 in the regulation of mineralization initiation. Our findings show that regulation of the onset of tooth mineralization is a hitherto unsuspected mechanism controlling tooth shape variation. Initiation of tooth mineralization is regulated by a complex epithelial-mesenchymal Bmp/Wnt-signaling network to which Bmp7 contributes. This network is separate and independent of the Bmp2-signaling network regulating odontoblast cell polarization. From an evolutionary perspective, addition of Bmp7 as initiator of tooth mineralization might be akin to an upgrade of an existing computer operating system. While not essential, it provides obviously sufficient advantage warranting its evolutionary incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeba Malik
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Daniela M Roth
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Farah Eaton
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jessica M Theodor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel Graf
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Vargo RJ, Reddy R, Da Costa WB, Mugayar LRF, Islam MN, Potluri A. Molar-incisor malformation: Eight new cases and a review of the literature. Int J Paediatr Dent 2020; 30:216-224. [PMID: 31677309 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molar-incisor malformation (MIM) is a recently described dental abnormality. While MIM mimics dentin dysplasia, it presents in a localized pattern. Furthermore, it is speculated that MIM is caused by significant early-life medical history. AIM The purpose of this study is to present a series of MIM cases and compare the findings with the literature. DESIGN An extensive search of all published cases of MIM in the English-language literature was conducted. Additionally, an institutional review board-approved retrospective search was performed within the University of Florida oral pathology biopsy service archives. Radiographic consultation cases were also included. Cases lacking radiographs were excluded. RESULTS Seventy-nine cases were identified in the literature, and eight cases were identified in our retrospective search. All but one case involved the permanent first molars. The average age at diagnosis was 9 years. Many patients reported significant early-life medical histories. CONCLUSIONS MIM usually affects the permanent first molars and may be linked to early-life medical conditions or interventions. Oral healthcare providers, especially paediatric dentists, should be aware of MIM to avoid misdiagnosing it as dentin dysplasia. Long-term follow-up studies with thorough medical history documentation are essential to understand the pathogenesis and aetiology and to create treatment guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Vargo
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Specialty Care Unit, A.T. Still University - Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rekha Reddy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Walmir B Da Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leda R F Mugayar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mohammed N Islam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Anitha Potluri
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Sabel N, Norén JG, Robertson A, Cornell DH. X-ray microanalysis of dentine in primary teeth diagnosed Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type II. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 21:527-535. [PMID: 31823211 PMCID: PMC7415746 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0392-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim To analyse the elemental composition of dentine in primary teeth from children diagnosed with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type II (DI) and from normal sound primary teeth using X-ray microanalysis. Materials and methods X-ray microanalysis of the elements C, O, Na, Mg, P, Cl, K and Ca were performed in the dentine of five normal primary teeth and in seven primary teeth diagnosed DI. The analysis was made in a low magnification in 10 points from the enamel-dentine junction/root surface toward the pulp. The data was also evaluated with an inductive analysis. Results Lower values for C were found in DI-dentine compared with normal dentine. Na had significantly higher values in DI-dentine while Mg had significantly lower values. The inductive analysis revealed that Na and Mg were the most important elements for discriminating DI-dentine from normal dentine. Conclusions Dentine in primary teeth from patients diagnosed with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta type II analysed with XRMA have lower values of C and Mg and higher values of O and Na compared with normal primary dentine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40368-018-0392-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sabel
- Department of Pediatric dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J G Norén
- Department of Pediatric dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - A Robertson
- Department of Pediatric dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D H Cornell
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 460, SE 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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37
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Ibrahim S, Strange AP, Aguayo S, Shinawi A, Harith N, Mohamed-Ibrahim N, Siddiqui S, Parekh S, Bozec L. Phenotypic Properties of Collagen in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Associated with Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:9423-9435. [PMID: 31819441 PMCID: PMC6897053 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s217420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dentinogenesis imperfecta type 1 (OIDI) is considered a relatively rare genetic disorder (1:5000 to 1:45,000) associated with osteogenesis imperfecta. OIDI impacts the formation of collagen fibrils in dentin, leading to morphological and structural changes that affect the strength and appearance of teeth. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the nanoscale characterization of the disease, in terms of collagen ultrastructure and mechanical properties. Therefore, this research presents a qualitative and quantitative report into the phenotype and characterization of OIDI in dentin, by using a combination of imaging, nanomechanical approaches. Methods For this study, 8 primary molars from OIDI patients and 8 primary control molars were collected, embedded in acrylic resin and cut into longitudinal sections. Sections were then demineralized in 37% phosphoric acid using a protocol developed in-house. Initial experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of the demineralization protocol, as the ATR-FTIR spectral fingerprints showed an increase in the amide bands together with a decrease in phosphate content. Structural and mechanical analyses were performed directly on both the mineralized and demineralized samples using a combination of scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Wallace indentation. Results Mesoscale imaging showed alterations in dentinal tubule morphology in OIDI patients, with a reduced number of tubules and a decreased tubule diameter compared to healthy controls. Nanoscale collagen ultrastructure presented a similar D-banding periodicity between OIDI and controls. Reduced collagen fibrils diameter was also recorded for the OIDI group. The hardness of the (mineralized) control dentin was found to be significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the OIDI (mineralized) dentine. Both the exposed peri- and intratubular dentinal collagen presented bimodal elastic behaviors (Young’s moduli). The control samples presented a stiffening of the intratubular collagen when compared to the peritubular collagen. In case of the OIDI, this stiffening in the collagen between peri- and intratubular dentinal collagen was not observed and the exposed collagen presented overall a lower elasticity than the control samples. Conclusion This study presents a systematic approach to the characterization of collagen structure and properties in OIDI as diagnosed in dentin. Structural markers for OIDI at the mesoscale and nanoscale were found and correlated with an observed lack of increased elastic moduli of the collagen fibrils in the intratubular OIDI dentin. These findings offer an explanation of how structural changes in the dentin could be responsible for the failure of some adhesive restorative materials as observed in patients affected by OIDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Ibrahim
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adam P Strange
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sebastian Aguayo
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK.,School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Albatool Shinawi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nabilah Harith
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nurjehan Mohamed-Ibrahim
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Samera Siddiqui
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Parekh
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Laurent Bozec
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Abstract
Dentin dysplasia (DD) is an uncommon developmental disturbance affecting dentin, resulting in enamel with atypical dentin formation and abnormal pulpal morphology. Type I (radicular) and Type II (coronal) are the two types of DD. Type I is more common, and both types include single or multiple teeth in primary and permanent dentition. Combinations of both types have also been described in literature. Four distinct forms of Type I and one form of Type II were identified. This case report documents one such rarity of DD in an 11-year-old female with clinical and radiographical findings and management aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Akhil Jose
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, PSM College of Dental Science and Research, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Plato Palathingal
- Department of Periodontics, PSM College of Dental Science and Research, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Deepak Baby
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PSM College of Dental Science and Research, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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39
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Lee JW, Hong J, Seymen F, Kim YJ, Kang J, Koruyucu M, Tuloglu N, Bayrak S, Song JS, Shin TJ, Hyun HK, Kim YJ, Lee JC, Park JC, Hu J, Simmer J, Kim JW. Novel frameshift mutations in DSPP cause dentin dysplasia type II. Oral Dis 2019; 25:2044-2046. [PMID: 31454439 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiwon Hong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jenny Kang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuray Tuloglu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Sule Bayrak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ji-Soo Song
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Teo Jeon Shin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Keun Hyun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Joo-Cheol Park
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jan Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Genetics & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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40
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Kaur A, Kumar S, Karda B, Chibh R. Management of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta: A Report of Two Cases. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019; 12:464-466. [PMID: 32440055 PMCID: PMC7229367 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentinogenesis imperfect is a hereditary dentin defect leading to discoloration as well as early tooth wear. Timely diagnosis and treatment are required to prevent further tooth loss. Two patients reported to the department of pediatrics dentistry with dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI). In the first case, patient complained of discoloration of both primary and permanent teeth and delayed eruption of permanent teeth. In the second case report, patient reported with mobile anterior tooth and missing teeth due to extraction of mobile teeth. Extraction was followed by space maintainers in the first case, and extraction was followed by partial denture in the second case. Both the patients and their parents were happy with the treatment provided. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Kaur A, Kumar S, Karda B, et al. Management of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta: A Report of Two Cases. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(5):464-466.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avninder Kaur
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sanchit Kumar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Babita Karda
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Richa Chibh
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
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41
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Fan F, Li N, Huang S, Ma J. A multidisciplinary approach to the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of dentinogenesis imperfecta type II: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:95-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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42
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Marçal FF, Ribeiro EM, Costa FWG, Fonteles CSR, Teles GS, de Barros Silva PG, Chaves Junior CM, Ribeiro TR. Dental alterations on panoramic radiographs of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta in relation to clinical diagnosis, severity, and bisphosphonate regimen aspects: a STROBE-compliant case-control study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2019; 128:621-630. [PMID: 31399368 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental findings on panoramic radiographs (PRs) of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and correlate these results with epidemiologic and medical data. STUDY DESIGN A case-control study was conducted with 24 patients with OI and 48 sex- and age-matched controls. Demographic, clinical, and bisphosphonate regimen-related data were recorded. The outcome variables were the presence or absence of dental alterations in PRs. Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson's χ2 test, and multinomial logistic regression analysis (95% confidence interval) were used (significance level of 5%). RESULTS OI type 4 demonstrated a high prevalence (62.5%), followed by type 1 (37.5%). With regard to prevalence associated with severity, the moderate form was the most prevalent (P = .028). The mean time of intravenous pamidronate regimen was 6.6 ± 4.4 years. Dentinogenesis imperfecta was observed in 75% of patients with OI, and this group showed a high prevalence of dental abnormalities in comparison with controls (P < .05). Bisphosphonate therapy was associated with ectopic teeth (P = .007) and tooth impaction (P = .033). Pulp obliteration was significant with bisphosphonate treatment over a period of 7 years (P = .026). CONCLUSIONS This study found a significant prevalence of dental alterations in patients with OI, and certain alterations were associated with bisphosphonate therapy, indicating its influence on the dentin-related physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Franco Marçal
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Professor, School of Dentistry, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Erlane Marques Ribeiro
- Professor, School of Medicine, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Brazil; Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital Albert Sabin, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriela Silva Teles
- Graduate Student, School of Medicine, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Professor, School of Dentistry, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Cauby Maia Chaves Junior
- Full Professor, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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43
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Ranjitkar S, Yong R, Wu IC, Gully G, Farmer D, Watson I, Heithersay G. Dentinal dysplasia type 1: A 3D micro-computed tomographic study of enamel, dentine and root canal morphology. AUST ENDOD J 2019; 45:298-304. [PMID: 31310441 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dentine dysplasia type 1 is a rare and complex dental anomaly. Our aim was to conduct a morphometric assessment of a dentinal dysplasia type 1c (DD1c) caries-free mandibular second molar, extracted due to symptomatic apical periodontitis. Controls consisted of five intact mandibular second molars. Micro-computed tomography analysis showed that the DD1c volume % for enamel, dentine/cementum and pulp chamber fell in the 0.36th, 99.97th and 0.09th percentiles of the control teeth (P < 0.01). It also revealed an extremely complicated root canal system in the DD1c tooth with a varying degree of dentine mineralisation and aberrant dentine deposition in the pulp chamber. A crack extending from the external tooth surface to the pulp chamber was identified as a potential site for microbial invasion. Clinical implications include preventive measures and early intervention in reversible pulpitis. Conclusion: Micro-CT imaging can be useful in establishing post-extraction diagnosis of cracks and phenomic characterisation of tooth anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbin Ranjitkar
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robin Yong
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - I-Cheng Wu
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Grant Gully
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel Farmer
- Adelaide Endodontic Specialists, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ian Watson
- 7 Bartley Ave, Netherby, South Australia, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Heithersay
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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44
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Kantaputra PN, Chinadet W, Intachai W, Ngamphiw C, Ketudat Cairns JR, Tongsima S. Isolated dentinogenesis imperfecta with glass-like enamel caused by COL1A2 mutation. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:2919-2923. [PMID: 30152103 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piranit Nik Kantaputra
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,DENTALAND CLINIC, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wannapa Chinadet
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Worrachet Intachai
- Center of Excellence in Medical Genetics Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chumpol Ngamphiw
- Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - James R Ketudat Cairns
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, and Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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45
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Alhilou A, Beddis HP, Mighell AJ, Durey K. Dentin dysplasia: diagnostic challenges. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2017-223942. [PMID: 29895546 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-223942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentin dysplasia(DD) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder associated with disturbance of the dentin. While the crowns appear clinically normal, on radiography, the pulp spaces appear partially or completely obliterated, with short blunted roots, and multiple periapical radiolucencies affecting the apparently sound teeth. Clinical signs include spontaneous abscess formation or increased tooth mobility which can lead to exfoliation. DD can therefore have a significant impact on the patient's dentition, and treatment is often challenging. Shields' classification of dentin disorders has been recently criticised for failing to consider differential variations and expressions of these disorders. This paper describes a case of a 23-year-old woman with previously undiagnosed DD, who presented with clinical and histological features belonging to several of these diseases, thus highlighting the potential diagnostic challenges faced with Shields' classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alhilou
- Restorative Dentistry, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Hannah P Beddis
- Restorative Dentistry, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | | | - Kathryn Durey
- Restorative Dentistry, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
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46
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Porntaveetus T, Osathanon T, Nowwarote N, Pavasant P, Srichomthong C, Suphapeetiporn K, Shotelersuk V. Dental properties, ultrastructure, and pulp cells associated with a novel DSPP
mutation. Oral Dis 2018; 24:619-627. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Porntaveetus
- Craniofacial Genetics and Stem Cells Research Group; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - T Osathanon
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Mineralized Tissue Research Unit and Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - N Nowwarote
- Mineralized Tissue Research Unit and Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - P Pavasant
- Mineralized Tissue Research Unit and Department of Anatomy; Faculty of Dentistry; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - C Srichomthong
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics; Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medicine; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Excellence Center for Medical Genetics; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; the Thai Red Cross Society; Bangkok Thailand
| | - K Suphapeetiporn
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics; Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medicine; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Excellence Center for Medical Genetics; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; the Thai Red Cross Society; Bangkok Thailand
| | - V Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics; Department of Pediatrics; Faculty of Medicine; Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok Thailand
- Excellence Center for Medical Genetics; King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; the Thai Red Cross Society; Bangkok Thailand
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47
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Chetty M, Roberts T, Stephen LXG, Beighton P. Hereditary dentine dysplasias: terminology in the context of osteogenesis imperfecta. Br Dent J 2018; 221:727-730. [PMID: 27932823 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2016.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary dentine dysplasias (HDD) such as dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) and dentine dysplasia (DD) are a group of genetic conditions characterised by an abnormal dentine structure due to disturbances in the formation, composition, or organisation of the dentine matrix. Either the primary or both primary and secondary dentition are affected to varying degrees. These disorders result from mutations in the genes encoding the major protein constituents of dentine, notably collagens and phosphoproteins. The clinical and radiological features of the hereditary dentine dysplasias (HDD) are relevant to clinical dentistry, in particular osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) which is a well-known heterogeneous genetic disorder. OI is currently the focus of considerable academic attention and involvement of the teeth is a frequent and variable manifestation. In this analysis, the literature related to the classification, clinical features, and molecular pathogenesis of heritable structural tooth diseases affecting dentine formation is reviewed. The definition, history of the terminology and the development of the current classification is outlined and discussed in detail with the aim to address semantic confusion that has arisen in the literature on HDD and to provide clarity on the use of appropriate terminology in the context of OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chetty
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.,University of the Western Cape/ University of Cape Town Combined Dental Genetics Clinic, Red Cross Childrens Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - T Roberts
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.,University of the Western Cape/ University of Cape Town Combined Dental Genetics Clinic, Red Cross Childrens Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L X G Stephen
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.,University of the Western Cape/ University of Cape Town Combined Dental Genetics Clinic, Red Cross Childrens Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - P Beighton
- Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.,University of the Western Cape/ University of Cape Town Combined Dental Genetics Clinic, Red Cross Childrens Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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48
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Park SJ, Lee HK, Seo YM, Son C, Bae HS, Park JC. Dentin sialophosphoprotein expression in enamel is regulated by Copine-7, a preameloblast-derived factor. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 86:131-137. [PMID: 29223640 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) is expressed in odontoblasts and transiently expressed in early ameloblasts. However, the origin of Dspp in ameloblasts remains unclear. Our previous studies demonstrated that copine-7 (CPNE7), a molecule that is secreted by the dental epithelium, is expressed in early ameloblasts and is then translocated to differentiating odontoblasts; its expression levels correlate with odontoblast differentiation under the control of Dspp expression. The objective of this study is to figure out the relationship between CPNE7 and Dspp during amelogenesis. DESIGN The gene expression patterns of CPNE7 and dentin sialoprotein (DSP) were examined by immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The effects of CPNE7 on Dspp regulation were investigated using luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in ameloblastic HAT-7 cells. RESULTS The gene expression pattern of Cpne7 was similar to that of Dspp during ameloblast differentiation. Moreover, Gene expression omnibus profiles indicated that there is a close correlation between Cpne7 and Dspp expression in various normal human tissues. We also confirmed the effects of CPNE7 on the induction of Dspp in ameloblastic HAT-7 cells. Cpne7 overexpression promoted Dspp expression, whereas Dspp expression was down-regulated by Cpne7 inactivation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the expression of Dspp in early amelogenesis is linked to CPNE7, a preameloblast-derived factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Park
- Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hye-Kyung Lee
- Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - You-Mi Seo
- Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Chul Son
- Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Bae
- Department of Oral Hygiene, Namseoul University, Cheonan, 31020, Korea
| | - Joo-Cheol Park
- Department of Oral Histology-Developmental Biology & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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49
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Meyle J, Dommisch H, Groeger S, Giacaman RA, Costalonga M, Herzberg M. The innate host response in caries and periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 44:1215-1225. [PMID: 28727164 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Innate immunity rapidly defends the host against infectious insults. These reactions are of limited specificity and exhaust without providing long-term protection. Functional fluids and effector molecules contribute to the defence against infectious agents, drive the immune response, and direct the cellular players. AIM To review the literature and present a summary of current knowledge about the function of tissues, cellular players and soluble mediators of innate immunity relevant to caries and periodontitis. METHODS Historical and recent literature was critically reviewed based on publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals. RESULTS The innate immune response is vital to resistance against caries and periodontitis and rapidly attempts to protect against infectious agents in the dental hard and soft tissues. Soluble mediators include specialized proteins and lipids. They function to signal to immune and inflammatory cells, provide antimicrobial resistance, and also induce mechanisms for potential repair of damaged tissues. CONCLUSIONS Far less investigated than adaptive immunity, innate immune responses are an emerging scientific and therapeutic frontier. Soluble mediators of the innate response provide a network of signals to organize the near immediate molecular and cellular response to infection, including direct and immediate antimicrobial activity. Further studies in human disease and animal models are generally needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Meyle
- Department of Periodontology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Henrik Dommisch
- Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Charité - Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Groeger
- Department of Periodontology, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rodrigo A Giacaman
- Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEIES), University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Massimo Costalonga
- Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mark Herzberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Abstract
The tooth root is an integral, functionally important part of our dentition. The formation of a functional root depends on epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and integration of the root with the jaw bone, blood supply and nerve innervations. The root development process therefore offers an attractive model for investigating organogenesis. Understanding how roots develop and how they can be bioengineered is also of great interest in the field of regenerative medicine. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tooth root formation. We review the function of cellular structure and components such as Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, cranial neural crest cells and stem cells residing in developing and adult teeth. We also highlight how complex signaling networks together with multiple transcription factors mediate tissue-tissue interactions that guide root development. Finally, we discuss the possible role of stem cells in establishing the crown-to-root transition, and provide an overview of root malformations and diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Carolina Parada
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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