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Alzahrani NS, Almarwani AM. The effect of HIV on patients' lives: a phenomenological qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2315634. [PMID: 38340013 PMCID: PMC10860465 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2315634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection poses a significant threat to the immune system, compromising the body's ability to combat diseases and infections. The Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia reported an HIV incidence rate of 3 cases per 10,000 individuals. This study aimed to gain insight into the lived experience of Saudi patients living with HIV. METHODS Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, this study conducted in-depth interviews with 16 HIV patients (10 men, 6 women) between January 2023 and May 2023. RESULTS Thematic data analysis highlighted three overarching themes and four subthemes. "Fear of the Future" encompassed subthemes including the fear of infecting a family member, fear of marriage, fear of employment recruitment, and fear of scandals. "Hopelessness" reflected the profound emotional state experienced by patients. "Overcoming Adversity" captured the resilience and strength demonstrated by individuals facing the challenges of living with HIV. CONCLUSION Saudi patients diagnosed with HIV encounter numerous obstacles in their daily lives. The fear of the future, including concerns such as infecting family members, marriage prospects, employment opportunities, and potential social repercussions, significantly impacts their overall well-being. By understanding the lived experience of HIV patients in Saudi Arabia, healthcare providers and policymakers can better support and enhance the quality of life for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif S. Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Kyne LT, Yudin MH, Bekele T, Loutfy M, Rourke SB, Watson J, Nguemo Djiometio J, Antoniou T, Globerman J, McGee A, Kennedy VL. Understanding the Importance of Fatherhood among Men Living with HIV in Ontario. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2021; 20:23259582211016133. [PMID: 34000889 PMCID: PMC8135195 DOI: 10.1177/23259582211016133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While pregnancy and motherhood have become paramount clinical issues for women living with HIV, parenting has received less attention among men living with HIV (MLWH). We conducted a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study assessing fertility desires and intentions of MLWH using a 5-point Likert scale based on the question: "Being a father is important to me". Logistic regression models were fit to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for significant correlates. Of the 276 respondents, 118 were heterosexual, 158 were gay, bisexual, 2-spirit, or queer (GBTQ), 55% had never parented before, and 65% wanted to parent. 191 (69%) respondents agreed that fatherhood was important to them. In unadjusted analyses, heterosexuality (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.03), African/Caribbean/Black ethnicity (OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.12 to 2.19), African/Caribbean birthplace (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.05), and history of parenting (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.10 to 2.39) were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with importance of fatherhood. However, none of these variables were significant in adjusted analyses. From the unadjusted model, factors such as sexual orientation, ethnicity, and current parenthood may influence how MLWH value fatherhood, suggesting HIV and fatherhood is complex and must be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Thomas Kyne
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark H Yudin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,10071St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tsegaye Bekele
- 269770Ontario HIV Treatment Network (OHTN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mona Loutfy
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean B Rourke
- 10071St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Watson
- 10071St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Tony Antoniou
- 10071St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Globerman
- 269770Ontario HIV Treatment Network (OHTN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam McGee
- 269770Ontario HIV Treatment Network (OHTN), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - V Logan Kennedy
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Khademi N, Zanganeh A, Saeidi S, Teimouri R, Khezeli M, Jamshidi B, Yigitcanlar T, Salimi Y, Almasi A, Gholami Kiaee K. Quality of life of HIV-infected individuals: insights from a study of patients in Kermanshah, Iran. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:203. [PMID: 33622262 PMCID: PMC7903600 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quality of life (QOL) is one of the major factors to assessing the health and wellbeing of People living with HIV (PLWH). Likewise, improved QOL is among the prominent goals of patient treatment. This study was conducted to investigate the QOL of PLWH in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 364 PLWH of Kermanshah between 2016 and 2017. Outpatients were selected as the sample through the convenience sampling method from HIV Positive Clients of Kermanshah Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center. The reasons for the selection of outpatients include: (a) some patients were substance users, homeless or did not have a fixed address to follow-up; (b) addresses and personal details that were registered on the first admission were incorrect or incomplete; (c) due to financial issues, some were forced to relocate frequently and were difficult to track; (d) some patients were convicts or prisoners, making it hard to find them after their release; (e) some of them were from other provinces, where managing access was not easy/possible. Data was collected using WHOQOL-HIV BREF questionnaire (Persian Version). Data also analyzed with STATA 14, and SPSS 23 using T-test and multiple regression. Results This study showed that mean (SD) age of PLWH was 40.21 (10.45) years. Females had better QOL than males except for spirituality, religion and personal beliefs. The gender differences disappeared in multivariate results. A significant association was observed between education and the independence, environment, and spirituality domains of QOL. In addition, being married was correlated with overall QOL, psychological and social relationships domains of QOL of PLWH. Drug use was a behavioral factor with negative influence on the QOL. Conclusion This study found that marital status and drug use were the main predictors of various domains of QOL. Drug use was a behavioral factor with a negative influence on the QOL. Hence, it is recommended that health professionals, planners, and policymakers take effective measures to improve the status quo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Khademi
- Vice Chancellery for Disease Prevention and Control, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Zanganeh
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Shahram Saeidi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Teimouri
- UniSA Creative, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Mehdi Khezeli
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Babak Jamshidi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Tan Yigitcanlar
- School of Built Environment, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yahya Salimi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Almasi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kobra Gholami Kiaee
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Siegel K, Meunier É, Tocco JU, Lekas HM. Reproductive Desires and Considerations of HIV-Positive Men in Heterosexual Relationships in New York City. AIDS Behav 2018; 22:1736-1749. [PMID: 28726042 PMCID: PMC5786488 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-017-1864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive desires of HIV-positive men have been investigated far less than those of HIV-positive women, especially in the US. This qualitative study of a sample of 94 HIV-positive men in New York City who were in a relationship with a woman of reproductive age examined their reasons for wanting a child as well as the conditions under which they would feel ready to attempt conception. Participants felt a child would make them feel normal, give meaning to their lives, or make others in their life happy. Although they reported HIV-related concerns (i.e., horizontal or vertical transmission, reinfection, or shortened life expectancy), participants mostly discussed factors unrelated to HIV (e.g., finances, housing, incarceration, substance abuse, or relationships) as deterrents to acting on their desire to having a child. When providing information on safer conception, healthcare providers should be aware of the broad desires and factors informing HIV-positive men's reproductive goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolynn Siegel
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, 722 West 168th Street, 9th Fl., New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Étienne Meunier
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, 722 West 168th Street, 9th Fl., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jack Ume Tocco
- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen-Maria Lekas
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, 722 West 168th Street, 9th Fl., New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
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Haapa T, Suominen T, Paavilainen E, Kylmä J. Experiences of living with a sexually transmitted disease: an integrative review. Scand J Caring Sci 2017; 32:999-1011. [PMID: 29193238 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This integrative review describes experiences related to living with a sexually transmitted disease (STD). DESIGN The data search was conducted using the CINAHL, MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO and PubMed databases between the years 2000 and 2016. A manual search was also used. The retrieved data consisted of 33 original articles which were analysed using deductive and inductive content analysis. RESULTS Based on the results, an infected person has a need for information about STDs and experiences emotions such as a loss of purity and control over his/her body. In addition, the ego of the infected person is wounded due to the infection. Concerns about the results of treatments, suffering side effects, and experiences of unprofessional behaviour by nursing staff are related to the treatment of an STD. Having an STD in everyday life means coping with a changing condition, but there are resources that can provide support. The quality of life can also be negatively affected by an STD, and a future with an STD can manifest different hopes and concerns. In relation to other people, an STD has a marked effect, especially concerning sexual relations. The person's sex life can fade away; however, it may remain as an enjoyable experience. The infected person may also adopt safer sexual behaviours or continue with a risk-taking behaviour. CONCLUSION The results of this review can be used in the development of nursing practices, as well as be used in the prevention of STDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Haapa
- Nursing Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Suominen
- Nursing Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eija Paavilainen
- Nursing Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Kylmä
- Nursing Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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Kennedy VL, Collins M, Yudin MH, Serghides L, Walmsley S, Angel JB, Ongoiba F, Powis J, Smaill F, Tharao W, Rachlis A, Silverman M, Sandre R, Regier DA, Loutfy M. Exploring the Factors Considered by People Living with HIV and Their Partners during Preconception. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2016; 16:239-246. [PMID: 28485707 DOI: 10.1177/2325957416682089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Data are lacking on factors that may impact conception-related decision-making among individuals living with HIV. This study's aim was to shed light on these considerations. Participants were invited to complete a survey on preconception considerations. A rank-ordered logit model was fit to estimate the relative importance of listed consideration factors; the interaction of HIV status and the factors was assessed. Fifty-nine participants living with HIV and 18 partners (11 HIV-negative participants and 7 living with HIV) were included. Risk of vertical and horizontal HIV transmission and the effect of antiretroviral therapy on the fetus were the top considerations. However, individuals living with HIV prioritized vertical transmission, whereas HIV-negative participants prioritized horizontal transmission. Other factors of importance were probability of conception, stress of trying to conceive, cost associated with fertility clinics, and stigma associated with certain conception methods. This study builds our understanding of the preconception considerations for people living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Logan Kennedy
- 1 Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Micaela Collins
- 1 Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark H Yudin
- 1 Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,4 Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lena Serghides
- 1 Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,5 SA Rotman Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,6 Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,7 Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon Walmsley
- 6 Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,8 Division of Infectious Diseases, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,9 Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan B Angel
- 10 Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,11 Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa Hospital-General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fanta Ongoiba
- 12 Africans in Partnership Against AIDS, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeff Powis
- 13 Division of Infectious Diseases, Toronto East General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fiona Smaill
- 14 Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wangari Tharao
- 15 Women's Health in Women's Hands, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anita Rachlis
- 4 Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,16 Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Silverman
- 17 Infectious Disease Care Program, London, Ontario, Canada.,18 Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University (The University of Western Ontario), London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roger Sandre
- 19 HAVEN Program, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean A Regier
- 20 Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,21 School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mona Loutfy
- 1 Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,4 Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Weber S, Zakaras JM, Hilliard S, Cohan D, Dworkin SL. "Is It All Right for Me to Have a Baby or Not?": Men Living With HIV Discuss Fertility Desires and Interactions With Providers. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2016; 28:118-129. [PMID: 28010827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To our knowledge, no study in the United States has qualitatively examined fertility desires, experiences communicating with health care providers about sexual and reproductive health, and attitudes toward reproductive counseling and services in men living with HIV (MLWH) who have sex with women. We conducted focus groups and interviews with MLWH (N = 17) who have sex with women seeking HIV care in San Francisco. The men conveyed limited awareness of safer conception strategies. While many men expressed the desire to have a child, most reported that their providers had not discussed reproduction with them. Participants highlighted the lack of HIV services for men who have sex with women and the need for improved reproductive counseling. We make recommendations for providers who work with MLWH who have sex with women and for patient-centered materials on safer conception, sexual HIV transmission risk reduction, and family planning strategies.
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Ma Q, Wu F, Henderson G, Rennie S, Rich ZC, Cheng Y, Hu F, Cai W, Tucker JD. 'I can coexist with HIV': a qualitative study of perceptions of HIV cure among people living with HIV in Guangzhou, China. J Virus Erad 2016; 2:170-4. [PMID: 27482457 PMCID: PMC4967969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about perceptions of HIV cure among people living with HIV (PLHIV), despite them being crucial stakeholders in ongoing HIV cure research. A qualitative research study was conducted in Guangzhou, China, to explore the perceptions of HIV cure among PLHIV in relation to their views on HIV treatment, stigma and social identity. We conducted in-depth interviews with 22 PLHIV from September 2014 to June 2015. Our qualitative data revealed three major themes: (1) Representations of HIV cure: PLHIV generally thought HIV cure was distant from them; (2) Possibility of HIV cure: ideas about the possibility of HIV cure ranged from optimism to scepticism and pessimism; and (3) Life without HIV cure: some participants had adjusted well to the chronic condition of HIV and ART adherence. Although some PLHIV looked forward to HIV being cured, most of the PLHIV in our study had little interest in it. On the contrary, many felt it is more important and realistic to have access to better ART medication and more education for the general public to decrease HIV stigma today rather than develop a cure for tomorrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Ma
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases at UNC-Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill,
USA
| | - Feng Wu
- University of North Carolina Project-China,
Guangzhou,
China,Center for Medical Humanities,Zhongshan School of Medicine,
Sun Yat-sen University,
Guangzhou,
China,School of Sociology and Anthropology,
Sun Yat-sen University,
Guangzhou,
China
| | - Gail Henderson
- Department of Social Medicine,
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
USA
| | - Stuart Rennie
- Department of Social Medicine,
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
USA
| | - Zachary C. Rich
- University of North Carolina Project-China,
Guangzhou,
China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Center for Medical Humanities,Zhongshan School of Medicine,
Sun Yat-sen University,
Guangzhou,
China,School of Sociology and Anthropology,
Sun Yat-sen University,
Guangzhou,
China
| | - Fengyu Hu
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital,
Guangzhou,
China
| | - Weiping Cai
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital,
Guangzhou,
China
| | - Joseph D. Tucker
- University of North Carolina Project-China,
Guangzhou,
China,Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases at UNC-Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill,
USA,Corresponding author: Joseph D. Tucker,
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Project-China,
No. 2 Lujing Road,
Guangzhou,
China,
510095
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‘I can coexist with HIV’: a qualitative study of perceptions of HIV cure among people living with HIV in Guangzhou, China. J Virus Erad 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30465-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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