Susman ES, Patino EO, Tiab SS, Dong L, Gumport NB, Sarfan LD, Hinshaw SP, Harvey AG. Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention in Youth: Long-term Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:S0890-8567(24)00240-5. [PMID:
38729603 DOI:
10.1016/j.jaac.2024.05.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
This preregistered study compared the effects of the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention (TranS-C) with psychoeducation (PE) about sleep, health, yoga, meditation, and outdoor appreciation activities on sleep and circadian functioning, health risk, and sleep health behaviors at long-term follow-up (LTFU), an average of 8 years following treatment. We also examined if more sleep health behaviors at LTFU were associated with better sleep and circadian functioning at LTFU and if better sleep and circadian functioning were associated with lower health risk at LTFU.
METHOD
At baseline, we randomly assigned adolescents with an eveningness chronotype to TranS-C (n = 89) or PE (n = 87). Of this sample, we assessed 106 young adults (mean age at follow-up = 22.5 years; n = 55 from TranS-C; n = 51 from PE) an average of 8 years following treatment.
RESULTS
Despite TranS-C (vs PE) sustaining improvement in circadian functioning through 12-month follow-up, at LTFU, there were no significant differences between the conditions on any outcome, including sleep and circadian functioning, risks in 5 health domains indexed by self-report and ecological momentary assessment, sleep health behaviors, and physical measurements. Across both conditions, measures indicating poorer sleep and circadian functioning were associated with higher health risk across multiple domains, and more sleep health behaviors were associated with lower levels of eveningness at LTFU.
CONCLUSION
These results provide an important window into the influence of development on long-term outcomes for youth and raise the possibility that interventions for youth could be enhanced with a focus on habit formation.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION
Maintaining Behavior Change: A 6-Year Follow-up of Adolescent 'Night-owls'; https://www.
CLINICALTRIALS
gov/; NCT05098782.
STUDY PREREGISTRATION INFORMATION
Long-term Follow-up of Young Adults Who Received TranS-C to Modify Eveningness Chronotype in Adolescence; https://osf.io/; d5a4g.
DIVERSITY & INCLUSION STATEMENT
We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented sexual and/or gender groups in science. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as living with a disability. One or more of the authors of this paper received support from a program designed to increase minority representation in science.
Collapse