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Lai B, Oster RA, Davis D, Bright L, Fisher G, Wilroy J, Kim Y, Young R, Wright A, Sinha T, Rimmer JH. Telehealth Movement-to-Music With Arm-Based Sprint-Intensity Interval Training to Improve Cardiometabolic Health and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e56499. [PMID: 38441939 PMCID: PMC10951837 DOI: 10.2196/56499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with mobility disabilities, including those with cerebral palsy, have limited options and limited time to exercise to manage their cardiometabolic health and cardiorespiratory fitness. Regular cardiovascular exercise during childhood is a critical health behavior for preventing health decline in adulthood. Thus, there is an urgent need for accessible, age-appropriate, convenient exercise modalities in this group. Sprint-intensity interval training (SIT), combined with telehealth procedures, may be ideal for children with disabilities. SIT includes repetitive bouts of maximal exercise effort combined with rest periods, which can be effective in eliciting comparable results to moderate-exercise training with very short training durations. OBJECTIVE This phase 1 pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the potential effects of a 12-week SIT program on indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health among children with cerebral palsy. An ancillary aim is to evaluate the feasibility of the program through several process feasibility metrics. METHODS This study uses a 2-armed parallel group design. A total of 50 physically inactive children with cerebral palsy (aged 6-17 years) will be randomly allocated into 1 of 2 groups: a 12-week SIT or a waitlist control group that continues habitual activity for 12 weeks. The SIT prescription includes 3 tele-supervised sessions per week with 30 repeated sequences of 4 seconds of maximal arm exercise, with active recovery, warm-up, and cooldown periods (for an approximately 20-minute total session). SIT includes guided videos with child-themed arm routines and music. The exercise sessions will be remotely supervised through a web-based videoconference application and include safety monitoring equipment. Outcomes are measured at pre- and postintervention (weeks 0 and 13, respectively). Health outcome measures include peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak), measured by a graded exercise test; high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and blood insulin, hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, and cholesterol using a finger stick dried blood spot test; blood pressure, using a sphygmomanometer; and body composition (total mass, total lean mass, tissue % lean, and tissue % fat) using dual x-ray absorptiometry. Feasibility will be evaluated by the following metrics: adverse events or problems experienced throughout the intervention related to participant safety; perceived enjoyment; and recruitment, enrollment, and attrition rates. RESULTS Recruitment procedures started in November 2023. All data are anticipated to be collected by February 2025. Full trial results are anticipated to be analyzed and submitted for publication by March 2025. Secondary analyses of data will be subsequently published. CONCLUSIONS This trial tests an accessible and low-cost exercise program that leverages principles of high-intensity exercise to provide a convenient program for children with physical disabilities. Knowledge obtained from this study will inform the development of a larger trial for improving the cardiometabolic health, cardiorespiratory fitness, and well-being of children with physical disabilities. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05619211; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05619211. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/56499.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Lai
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Robert A Oster
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Drew Davis
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Larsen Bright
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Gordon Fisher
- Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jereme Wilroy
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Raven Young
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ashley Wright
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Tanvee Sinha
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - James H Rimmer
- Dean's Office, School of Health Professions, National Center on Health, Physical Activity and Disability, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Leung T, Davis D, Young R, Kimani-Swanson E, Wozow C, Wen H, Kim Y, Wilroy J, Rimmer J. The Effects of Virtual Reality Tele-exergaming on Cardiometabolic Indicators of Health Among Youth With Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e40708. [PMID: 35976192 PMCID: PMC9434386 DOI: 10.2196/40708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth with cerebral palsy do not have enjoyable, accessible, and scalable exercise options that can empower them to independently maintain their cardiometabolic health. OBJECTIVE The primary aim is to examine the preliminary efficacy of a 12-week home-based virtual reality tele-exergaming intervention on several indicators of cardiometabolic health in youth with cerebral palsy compared to the wait list control. A secondary aim is to describe feasibility metrics, namely, recruitment, retention, and adherence rates; perceived enjoyment; intervention safety; and management issues. The tertiary aim is to generate a theory that reveals critical behavioral mechanisms of adherence to tele-exergaming. METHODS In this parallel group design randomized controlled trial, 34 inactive youths with cerebral palsy are randomly allocated to one of two groups: a group that immediately receives 12 weeks of virtual reality exergaming with tele-physical education or a wait list control group that undergoes their habitual activity for 12 weeks. Participants are recruited from a Children's Hospital and community network. At baseline (week 0), week 6, and week 12, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and blood insulin, hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, cholesterol, and pressure are measured by the youth and a caregiver at home using a blood spot test kit and blood pressure cuff. They will also self-measure their lung function and body weight using a peak flow meter and bathroom scale, respectively. Collections are supervised by research staff via videoconference. Changes in outcomes are compared between and within groups using exploratory statistical analyses and descriptive statistics. At postintervention or dropout, participants will undergo semistructured interviews to identify behavioral mechanisms that underly participation. RESULTS Recruitment procedures started in June 2022. All data are expected to be collected by October 2023. Full trial results are expected to be published by February 2024. Secondary analyses of data will be subsequently published. CONCLUSIONS This trial tests an innovative serious exergaming virtual reality program that includes a completely remote enrollment, assessment, and intervention tele-protocol. The knowledge obtained will inform the development of a larger effectiveness trial for improving the health and well-being of youth with cerebral palsy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05336227; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05336227. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/40708.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Drew Davis
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Raven Young
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Erin Kimani-Swanson
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Cynthia Wozow
- Division of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Huacong Wen
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jereme Wilroy
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - James Rimmer
- Dean's Office, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Sawyer B, Stone KA, Kotarsky CJ, Johnson N, Bradley A, Scheffert RA, Hackney KJ, Byun W, Stastny S. Animal-Based Dietary Protein Intake Is Not A Risk Factor For Metabolic Syndrome Among Young Or Middle-Aged Females. Nutr Metab Insights 2022; 15:11786388221107800. [PMID: 35769392 PMCID: PMC9234837 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221107800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases risk for morbidity and premature
mortality. Blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting triglycerides
(TG), blood glucose (BG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) are
factors for determining MetS. The Simple Method for Quantifying Metabolic
Syndrome (siMS) score and risk score estimate risk of MetS. The purpose for
this study was to exam the relationship of animal-based (ABP) and
plant-based protein (PLP) with MetS as estimated by siMS score and risk
score. Physical activty is another important consideration in MetS as it can
reduce blood pressure, waist circumference and blood glucose, and affect
blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. Methods: A cross-sectional study examined whether physical activity (PA) level and
dietary protein source (i.e., animal- or plant-based) among young (18-24
years) and middle-aged (45-60 years) females were associated with siMS score
and siMS risk score. Average time spent in sedentary, light, and
moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA; min/wk), steps (steps/day), energy intake
(kcal/day), percent dietary protein to total energy intake, ABP and PLP
dietary intake, and ABP:PLP ratio (g/day) were included in the analysis.
Volunteers were recruited from North Dakota and Minnesota from 2017 to
2019. Results: Eighty-one female participants (mean ± SD; young, n = 38, 20.4 ± 1.7 years,
middle-aged, 52.5 ± 4.8 years) were included in the independent
t-tests used to examine group differences in age, body
mass index, HDL, BG, TG, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference,
energy intake, energy intake percentage of total carbohydrates, fat,
protein, ABP, and PLP, ABP:PLP, siMS score, and siMS risk score. Stepwise
linear regressions were used to evaluate whether PA level and dietary
protein source were predictors of siMS score and siMS risk score among young
and middle-aged adult females. There was an inverse relationship between PLP
intake and siMS score. The model explained 6.9% of the variance in siMS risk
score (F1, 80 = 5.93). Plant-based protein intake was inversely
related to siMS risk score while light PA was positively associated with
siMS risk score. The model explained 16% of the variance in siMS risk score
(F1, 80 = 7.53). Animal-based dietary protein intake did not
impact siMS score (p = 0.180) and siMS risk score
(p = 0.283). Conclusions: Plant-based protein intake was associated with a lower risk of MetS via siMS
scores, while ABP was not associated. Given the nature of the
cross-sectional design of this study, no causal relationship can be
determined, but longitudinal studies or randomized control trials to confirm
the results from this study are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailee Sawyer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health and Nutrition Science, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX, USA
| | - Kara A Stone
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, USA
| | | | - Nathaniel Johnson
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Adam Bradley
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Rachel A Scheffert
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Kyle J Hackney
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Wonwoo Byun
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sherri Stastny
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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Kotarsky CJ, Johnson NR, Mahoney SJ, Mitchell SL, Schimek RL, Stastny SN, Hackney KJ. Time-restricted eating and concurrent exercise training reduces fat mass and increases lean mass in overweight and obese adults. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14868. [PMID: 34042299 PMCID: PMC8157764 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether time-restricted eating (TRE), also known as time-restricted feeding, was an effective dietary strategy for reducing fat mass and preserving fat-free mass while evaluating changes in cardiometabolic biomarkers, hormones, muscle performance, energy intake, and macronutrient intake after aerobic and resistance exercise training in physically inactive and overweight or obese adults. This study was a randomized, controlled trial. Overweight and obese adults (mean ± SD; age: 44 ± 7 years; body mass index [BMI]: 29.6 ± 2.6 kg/m2 ; female: 85.7%) were randomly assigned to a TRE or normal eating (NE) dietary strategy group. The TRE participants consumed all calories between 12:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m., whereas NE participants maintained their dietary habits. Both groups completed 8 weeks of aerobic exercise and supervised resistance training. Body composition, muscle performance, energy intake, macronutrient intake, physical activity, and physiological variables were assessed. A total of 21 participants completed the study (NE: n = 10; TRE: n = 11). A mild energy restriction was observed for TRE (~300 kcal/day, 14.5%) and NE (~250 kcal/day, 11.4%). Losses of total body mass were significantly greater for TRE (3.3%) relative to NE (0.2%) pre- to post-intervention, of which TRE had significantly greater losses of fat mass (9.0%) compared to NE (3.3%). Lean mass increased during the intervention for both TRE (0.6%) and NE (1.9%), with no group differences. These data support the use of TRE and concurrent exercise training as a short-term dietary strategy for reducing fat mass and increasing lean mass in overweight and obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Kotarsky
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise SciencesNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
- Department of Health and Human Physiological SciencesSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNYUSA
| | - Nathaniel R. Johnson
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise SciencesNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
| | - Sean J. Mahoney
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise SciencesNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
| | - Steven L. Mitchell
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise SciencesNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
- Department of RadiologySanford HealthFargoNDUSA
| | - Regina L. Schimek
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise SciencesNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
| | - Sherri N. Stastny
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise SciencesNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
| | - Kyle J. Hackney
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise SciencesNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNDUSA
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Abstract
A series of dried blood spot (DBS) detection methods for doping agents have been developed in the last two decades. The DBS technique minimizes invasiveness and reduces storage and shipping costs. Recently, the World Anti-Doping Agency announced the use of DBS for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games owing to the advantages of the DBS application in routine doping control. Therefore the further development of detection methods for doping agents in DBS is important and urgent. This review summarizes five aspects of DBS application in doping analysis: sample collection, storage conditions, pretreatment, instrumentation and validation according to the Prohibited List issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency, and proposes some suggestions for future studies of DBS in doping analysis.
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Validation of dried blood spot sample modifications to two commercially available COVID-19 IgG antibody immunoassays. Bioanalysis 2020; 13:13-28. [PMID: 33319585 PMCID: PMC7739400 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 antibody testing often relies on venous blood collection, which is labor-intensive, inconvenient and expensive compared with finger-stick capillary dried blood spot (DBS) collection. The purpose of our work was to determine if two commercially available anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for IgG antibodies against spike S1 subunit and nucleocapsid proteins could be validated for use with DBS. Materials & methods: Kit supplied reagents were used to extract DBS, and in-house DBS calibrators were included on every run. Results: Positive/negative concordance between DBS and serum was 100/99.3% for the spike S1 subunit assay and 100/98% for the nucleocapsid assay. Conclusion: Validation of the DBS Coronavirus disease 2019 IgG antibody assays demonstrated that serum and DBS can produce equivalent results with minimal kit modifications.
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Wrzosek M, Sawicka A, Wrzosek M, Piątkiewicz P, Tałałaj M, Nowicka G. Age at onset of obesity, transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) rs7903146 polymorphism, adiponectin levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:321-329. [PMID: 30899283 PMCID: PMC6425208 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.69638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interaction between obesity and genetic factors involved in the regulatory pathways of glucose homeostasis may play a significant role in diabetes development in the obese. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism, adiponectin levels, age at onset of obesity and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a sample of obese Polish adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 474 unrelated obese subjects were included in this study. Real-time PCR was used to detect the TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism. Serum level of adiponectin was determined by the ELISA method. Standard assays were used to measure total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and HbA1c concentrations. We used multiple logistic regression to identify factors associated with type 2 diabetes. RESULTS We found that the T allele of rs7903146 was significantly associated with T2D risk (odds ratio of 1.59 for T allele, p = 0.005). This association persisted after adjusting for confounders in the recessive model (odds ratio of 3.54 for TT genotype, p = 0.011). Serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower in diabetic subjects than in nondiabetic individuals (3.6 vs. 5.6 µg/ml, p < 0.001). Participants who were obese at age ≥ 20 years had significantly higher odds of having T2D (OR = 4.94) than those with the onset of obesity before 20 years (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the significance of the relationship between the TCF7L2 polymorphism, a person's age at onset of obesity and the prevalence of T2D, and confirms lower adiponectin levels in obese diabetics in comparison to obese nondiabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Preclinical Studies, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ada Sawicka
- Department of Geriatrics, Internal Medicine and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Orlowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Wrzosek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Piątkiewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Tałałaj
- Department of Geriatrics, Internal Medicine and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Orlowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Preclinical Studies, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Effect of glycemic state on postprandial hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia in patients with coronary artery disease. Heart Vessels 2015; 31:1446-55. [PMID: 26439243 PMCID: PMC5010579 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-015-0757-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Both postprandial hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia have been thought to play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, and to be a potent risk factor for cardiovascular event. To examine effects of glycemic state on postprandial hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), a total of 112 consecutive male pati
ents with angiographically confirmed CAD were loaded with a high-fat and high-glucose test meal. CAD patients were divided into three groups as “non-diabetic”, “prediabetic”, and “diabetic” CAD groups. The serum triglyceride (TG) and remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) levels at the 6th hour in diabetic CAD group showed significantly higher than non-diabetic CAD group, and the incremental area under the curves (iAUCs) of these levels in diabetic CAD group were significantly greater than non-diabetic CAD group (TG, P = 0.0194; RLP-C, P = 0.0219). There were no significant differences in the iAUCs of TG or RLP-C between prediabetic and non-diabetic CAD group. The AUCs of plasma insulin levels or insulin resistance index (IRI): (AUCs of insulin) × (AUCs of glucose) as the insulin resistance marker were greater in diabetic CAD group than non-diabetic CAD group (insulin, P = 0.0373; IRI, P = 0.0228). The AUCs of serum TG or RLP-C levels showed a correlation with the AUCs of plasma insulin (AUC-TG, r = 0.5437, P < 0.0001; AUC-RLP-C, r = 0.6847, P < 0.0001), and they correlated well with the insulin resistance index (AUC-TG, r = 0.7724, P < 0.0001; AUC-RLP-C, r = 0.7645, P < 0.0001). We found that the insulin resistance showed a close relationship with postprandial hyperlipidemia in CAD patients. Diabetic, but not prediabetic state, may be a risk for postprandial impaired lipid metabolism in CAD patients.
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Mathew S, Krug S, Skurk T, Halama A, Stank A, Artati A, Prehn C, Malek JA, Kastenmüller G, Römisch-Margl W, Adamski J, Hauner H, Suhre K. Metabolomics of Ramadan fasting: an opportunity for the controlled study of physiological responses to food intake. J Transl Med 2014; 12:161. [PMID: 24906381 PMCID: PMC4063233 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput screening techniques that analyze the metabolic endpoints of biological processes can identify the contributions of genetic predisposition and environmental factors to the development of common diseases. Studies applying controlled physiological challenges can reveal dysregulation in metabolic responses that may be predictive for or associated with these diseases. However, large-scale epidemiological studies with well controlled physiological challenge conditions, such as extended fasting periods and defined food intake, pose logistic challenges. Culturally and religiously motivated behavioral patterns of life style changes provide a natural setting that can be used to enroll a large number of study volunteers. Here we report a proof of principle study conducted within a Muslim community, showing that a metabolomics study during the Holy Month of Ramadan can provide a unique opportunity to explore the pre-prandial and postprandial response of human metabolism to nutritional challenges. Up to five blood samples were obtained from eleven healthy male volunteers, taken directly before and two hours after consumption of a controlled meal in the evening on days 7 and 26 of Ramadan, and after an over-night fast several weeks after Ramadan. The observed increases in glucose, insulin and lactate levels at the postprandial time point confirm the expected physiological response to food intake. Targeted metabolomics further revealed significant and physiologically plausible responses to food intake by an increase in bile acid and amino acid levels and a decrease in long-chain acyl-carnitine and polyamine levels. A decrease in the concentrations of a number of phospholipids between samples taken on days 7 and 26 of Ramadan shows that the long-term response to extended fasting may differ from the response to short-term fasting. The present study design is scalable to larger populations and may be extended to the study of the metabolic response in defined patient groups such as individuals with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
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