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Sharma P, Kumar Singh A, Senapati S, Singh Kapoor H, Devi Goyal L, Kaur B, Kamra P, Khetarpal P. Genetic Variants of Steroidogenesis and Gonadotropin Pathways and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2024; 22:15-26. [PMID: 37878274 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants are predisposing factors to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a multifactorial condition that often gets triggered due to various environmental factors. The study investigates the association of the variants of genes that are involved in the steroidogenesis pathway or gonadotropin pathway with the risk of PCOS. Appropriate keywords for predetermined genes were used to search in PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Central Cochrane Library up to January 11, 2023. PROSPERO (CRD42022275425). Inclusion criteria: (a) case-control study; (b) genotype or allelic data. Exclusion criteria were: (a) duplicate studies; (b) clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analysis or conference abstract, case reports; (c) other than the English language; (d) having insufficient data; e) genetic variants for which meta-analysis has been reported recently and does not have a scope of the update. Various genetic models were applied as per data availability. Overall 12 variants of 7 genes were selected for the analysis. Relevant data were extracted from 47 studies which include 10,584 PCOS subjects and 16,150 healthy controls. Meta-analysis indicates a significant association between TOX3 rs4784165 [ORs = 1.08, 95% CI (1.00-1.16)], HMGA2 rs2272046 [ORs = 2.73, 95% CI (1.97-3.78)], YAP1 rs1894116 [OR = 1.22, 95% CI (1.13-1.33)] and increased risk of PCOS. Whereas FSHR rs2268361 [ORs = 0.84, 95% CI (0.78-0.89)] is associated with decreased PCOS risk. When sensitivity analysis was carried out, the association became significant for CYP19 rs700519 and FSHR rs6165 under an additive model. In addition, C9Orf3 rs3802457 became significantly associated with decreased PCOS risk with the removal of one study. Insignificant association was observed for CYP19A (rs2470152), FSHR (rs2349415, rs6166), C9Orf3 (rs4385527), GnRH1 (rs6185) and risk of PCOS. Our findings suggest association of CYP19A (rs700519), TOX3 (rs4784165), HMGA2 (rs2272046), FSHR (rs6165, rs2268361), C9orf3 (rs3802457), and YAP1 (rs1894116) with risk for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Sharma
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Abhilash Kumar Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sabyasachi Senapati
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | | | - Lajya Devi Goyal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Bathinda, India
| | - Balpreet Kaur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Bathinda, India
| | - Pooja Kamra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kamra Hospital, Malout, India
| | - Preeti Khetarpal
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Muccee F, Ashraf NM, Razak S, Afsar T, Hussain N, Husain FM, Shafique H. Exploring the association of ESR1 and ESR2 gene SNPs with polycystic ovary syndrome in human females: a comprehensive association study. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:27. [PMID: 38281964 PMCID: PMC10823698 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects a significant proportion of human females worldwide and is characterized by hormonal, metabolic, and reproductive dysfunctions, including infertility, irregular menstrual cycles, acanthosis nigricans, and hirsutism. Mutations in the estrogen receptor genes ESR1 and ESR2, involved in normal follicular development and ovulation, can contribute to development of the PCOS. The present study focuses on investigating the potential correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ESR1 and ESR2 genes and the incidence of this syndrome. METHODS For this study, SNPs in ESR1 and ESR2 genes were retrieved from the ENSEMBL database and analyzed for their effect on mutated proteins using different bioinformatics tools including SIFT, PolyPhen, CADD, REVEL, MetaLR, I-Mutant, CELLO2GO, ProtParam, SOPMA, SWISS-MODEL and HDDOCK. RESULTS All the SNPs documented in the present study were deleterious. All the SNPs except rs1583384537, rs1450198518, and rs78255744 decreased protein stability. Two variants rs1463893698 and rs766843910 in the ESR2 gene altered the localization of mutated proteins i.e. in addition to the nucleus, proteins were also found in mitochondria and extracellular, respectively. SNPs rs104893956 in ESR1 and rs140630557, rs140630557, rs1596423459, rs766843910, rs1596405923, rs762454979 and rs1384121511 in ESR2 gene significantly changed the secondary structure of proteins (2D). SNPs that markedly changed 3D configuration included rs1554259481, rs188957694 and rs755667747 in ESR1 gene and rs1463893698, rs140630557, rs1596423459, rs766843910, rs1596405923, rs762454979 and rs1384121511 in ESR2 gene. Variants rs1467954450 (ESR1) and rs140630557 (ESR2) were identified to reduce the binding tendency of ESRα and β receptors with estradiol as reflected by the docking scores i.e. -164.97 and -173.23, respectively. CONCLUSION Due to the significant impact on the encoded proteins, these variants might be proposed as biomarkers to predict the likelihood of developing PCOS in the future and for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Muccee
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore, 52254, Pakistan.
| | - Naeem Mahmood Ashraf
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore, 52254, Pakistan
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, 64141, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, P. O. Box 112612, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Shafique
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Kaur M, Singh S, Kaur A. Polymorphisms in FSHR modulating susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome: an updated meta-analysis. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:183. [PMID: 37653412 PMCID: PMC10472705 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01238-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two polymorphisms, rs6165 and rs6166 located in the intracellular domain of FSHR has been reported to affect folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis and oocyte maturation. Several studies have highlighted the role of FSHR polymorphisms in PCOS but the findings are conflicting. A meta-analysis was carried out to decipher the emerging perspectives. METHODOLOGY A comprehensive literature search was made using PubMed, PCOSkb, and Google Scholar. New Ottawa Scale has been utilized to evaluate the quality of each article. To evaluate the strength of association under different genetic models of rs6165 and rs6166 polymorphisms, odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. RESULTS A total of 20 articles were selected for the present study. In pooled analysis and after the stratification by ethnicity, polymorphism rs6165 remains unrelated to the onset of PCOS. Besides, rs6166 exhibits significant protection in the Indian population under recessive, additive, and allele models (OR = 0.7, CI: 0.54-0.9, p = 0.006, OR = 0.65, CI: 0.48-0.89, p = 0.006, OR = 0.82, CI: 0.7-0.95, p = 0.01, respectively) and low to moderate risk in the Caucasian population under allele model (OR = 1.17, CI: 1.04-1.32, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that GG genotype of rs6166 provides protection against PCOS, in a population-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Sukhjashanpreet Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Anupam Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Vieira IH, Carvalho AF, Almeida Reis S, Carreira AL, Dias C, Fernandes S, Ferreira AF, Rodrigues D, Sousa AP, Ramalho-Santos J, Ramalhinho AC, Moura Ramos M, Paiva I, Cortesão P, Almeida-Santos AT. Association Between Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR) rs6166 and Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) rs2234693 Polymorphisms and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Risk, Phenotype, and Reproductive Outcomes in an Infertile Portuguese Population. Cureus 2023; 15:e35690. [PMID: 37012960 PMCID: PMC10066722 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder often leading to anovulatory infertility. PCOS pathophysiology is still unclear and several potential genetic susceptibility factors have been proposed. The effect of polymorphisms in two genesrelated to follicular recruitment and development, the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), have been studied in different populations with contradictory results. AIMS To evaluate the influence of FSHR rs6166 (c.2039A>G) and of ESR1 rs2234693 (Pvull c.453-397 T > C) polymorphisms on PCOS risk, phenotype, and response to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotyping of the FSHR rs6166 and the ESR1 rs2234693 polymorphisms was performed in PCOS women and a control group undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data, genotype frequency, and IVF outcomes were compared between groups. RESULTS We evaluated 88 PCOS women and 80 controls. There was no significant difference in the genotype distribution of FSHR rs6166 polymorphism between PCOS women and controls (AA 31.8%/AS 48.9%/SS 19.3% in PCOS women vs AA 37.5%/AS 40.0%/SS 22.5% in controls; p = 0.522). The same was true for the ESR1 rs2234693 (CC 24.1%/CT 46.0%/TT 29.9% in PCOS women vs CC 18.8%/CT 48.8%/TT 32.5% in controls; p = 0.697). In PCOS women, we found higher follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels on the third day of the menstrual cycle associated with the SS variant of the FSHR polymorphism (9.2 vs 6.2 ± 1.6 and 5.6 ± 1.6 mUI/mL; p = 0.011). We did not find other associations between the baseline hormonal parameters, antral follicle count, and response measures to COS with FSHR or ESR1 genotypes. We found, however, a need for higher cumulative doses of FSH for COS in patients with the SS variant of the FSHR rs6166 polymorphism (1860.5 ± 627.8 IU for SSvs 1498.1 ± 359.3 for AA and 1425.4 ± 474.8 for SA; p = 0.046 and p = 0.046). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that in the population, FSHR rs6166and ESR1 rs2234693 polymorphisms do not influence the risk of developing PCOS nor do they influence the patient's phenotype and IVF success. However, the SS variant of the FSHR rs6166 polymorphism may be associated with FSH resistance requiring higher FSH doses for COS.
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Alarcón-Granados MC, Moreno-Ortíz H, Esteban-Pérez CI, Ferrebuz-Cardozo A, Camargo-Villalba GE, Forero-Castro M. Assessment of THADA gene polymorphisms in a sample of Colombian women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A pilot study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09673. [PMID: 35711992 PMCID: PMC9194581 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial and polygenic endocrine-metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. SNPs in the THADA gene have been identified as PCOS risk loci. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of five polymorphisms in a sample of Colombian women with PCOS, and their association with clinical and endocrine-metabolic parameters. Forty-nine women with PCOS and forty-nine healthy women were included. Allelic discrimination was performed in the THADA gene by iPLEX and the MassARRAY system (Agena Bioscience). Haploview software was conducted to analyze the linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotypes of polymorphisms. There was an association between the genotypes TT of rs12468394, CC + AA of rs12468394, and GG of rs6544661 and an increase in the levels of free testosterone. The CC + AA of rs12468394 genotype also was associated with an increase of androstenedione levels. THADA gene SNPs were not associated with PCOS risk. There was very strong LD among the SNPs. No significant differences in the frequency of haplotypes between groups were observed. The statistical power of this analysis is low because of the small number of samples analyzed. Additional studies involving large populations of Colombian women with PCOS are needed to verify the role of the THADA gene in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Camila Alarcón-Granados
- Facultad de Ciencias. Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (GICBUPTC). Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia
| | | | | | - Atilio Ferrebuz-Cardozo
- Programa de Medicina. Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud. Universidad de Boyacá, Tunja, Colombia
| | | | - Maribel Forero-Castro
- Facultad de Ciencias. Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (GICBUPTC). Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia
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Xu XL, Huang ZY, Yu K, Li J, Fu XW, Deng SL. Estrogen Biosynthesis and Signal Transduction in Ovarian Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:827032. [PMID: 35299973 PMCID: PMC8921451 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.827032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen mainly binds to estrogen receptors (ERs) to regulate menstrual cycles and reproduction. The expression of ERalpha (ERα), ERbeta (ERβ), and G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) mRNA could be detected in ovary, suggesting that they play an important role in estrogen signal transduction in ovary. And many studies have revealed that abnormal expression of estrogen and its receptors is closely related to ovarian disease or malignant tumors. With the continuous development and research of animal models, tissue-specific roles of both ERα and ERβ have been demonstrated in animals, which enable people to have a deeper understanding of the potential role of ER in regulating female reproductive diseases. Nevertheless, our current understanding of ERs expression and function in ovarian disease is, however, incomplete. To elucidate the biological mechanism behind ERs in the ovary, this review will focus on the role of ERα and ERβ in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), ovarian cancer and premature ovarian failure (POF) and discuss the major challenges of existing therapies to provide a reference for the treatment of estrogen target tissue ovarian diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ling Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Yuan Huang
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kun Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiang-Wei Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Role of Single Nucleotide Variants in FSHR, GNRHR, ESR2 and LHCGR Genes in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11122327. [PMID: 34943568 PMCID: PMC8700743 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women, affecting up to 16.6% of reproductive-age women. PCOS symptoms in adolescents comprise oligomenorrhoea/amenorrhoea and biochemical and/or clinical hyperandrogenism. Long-term health risks of PCOS patients include infertility, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Genetic factors have been proven to play a role in development of the syndrome and its symptoms. Objective: To investigate single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the GNRHR, ESR2, LHCGR and FSHR genes in adolescent patients with PCOS and their association with PCOS symptoms. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study comprising of 152 adolescents: 63 patients with PCOS, 22 patients at risk of developing PCOS and 67 healthy controls. Participants were recruited from out-patients attending a gynaecologist at the Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia, between January 2017 and December 2020. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood, and SNVs in the GNRHR, ESR2, LHCGR and FSHR genes were genotyped. The distributions of SNV genotypes were compared among the three groups and genotype-phenotype associations within the PCOS group were evaluated. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in the distributions of genotypes for GNRHR (rs104893837), ESR2 (rs4986938), LHCGR (rs2293275) and FSHR (rs6166, rs6165, rs2349415) among PCOS patients, risk patients and healthy controls. Within the PCOS group, ESR2 rs4986938 minor allele homozygous patients had a significantly higher level of total testosterone than major allele homozygous patients and heterozygous patients. A significantly higher total testosterone level was also observed in PCOS patients carrying the LHCGR rs2293275 minor allele compared with major allele homozygous patients. Conclusions: The SNVs ESR2 rs4986938 and LHCGR rs2293275 play a role in the phenotypic characteristics of PCOS. To fully uncover their influence on the development of PCOS and its symptoms, further studies of larger cohorts and a follow up of this study sample through to adulthood are required. Furthermore, studies of adolescent PCOS patients conducted prior to the latest European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) criteria (2018) should be re-evaluated as the study groups might include risk patients according to these updated criteria, thereby potentially significantly impacting the published results.
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Yu L, Wang L, Tao W, Zhang W, Yang S, Wang J, Fei J, Peng R, Wu Y, Zhen X, Shao H, Gu W, Li R, Wu BL, Wang H. LHCGR and ALMS1 defects likely cooperate in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome indicated by double-mutant mice. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:384-395. [PMID: 34147365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder with evidence of polygenetic components, and obesity may be a risk factor for hyperandrogenism. Previous studies have shown that LHCGR is enriched in the ovary and LHCGR deficiency causes infertility without typical PCOS phenotypes. ALMS1 is implicated in obesity and hyperandrogenism, the common phenotypes among PCOS patients. Through whole-exome sequencing of 22 PCOS families and targeted candidate gene sequencing of additional 65 sporadic PCOS patients, we identified potential causative mutations in LHCGR and ALMS1 in a sibling-pair PCOS family and three sporadic PCOS patients. The expression of LHCGRL638P in granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN) cells promoted cyclic adenosine monophosphate production and granulosa cell proliferation, indicating that LHCGRL638P is an activating mutation. LhcgrL642P/L642P mice showed an irregular estrous cycle, reduced follicles with dynamic folliculogenesis, and increased testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), and dehydroepiandrosterone. Lhcgr+/L642PAlms1+/PB mice displayed increased T and E2 but decreased late secondary and preovulatory follicles. We showed that activating mutation of LHCGR likely plays important roles in the pathophysiology of PCOS involving abnormal reproductive physiology, whereas ALMS1 deficiency may promote anovulatory infertility via elevated androgens, suggesting that the disturbed LHCGR and ALMS1 cooperatively induce PCOS phenotypes, characterized as anovulation and hyperandrogenemia frequently observed in PCOS patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Children's Hospital, Institutes of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wufan Tao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China; Institute of Developmental Biology & Molecular Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA; Reproductive Medicine Centre, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shuanghao Yang
- Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA; Chigene Translational Medicine Research Center, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA; Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jia Fei
- Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA; Zhongke Genetics and Reproductive Medicine Institute, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yiming Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Children's Hospital, Institutes of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China; Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiumei Zhen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong Shao
- Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Weiyue Gu
- Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA; Chigene Translational Medicine Research Center, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bai-Lin Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Children's Hospital, Institutes of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China; Boston Children's Hospital and NGS collaboration, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA.
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Children's Hospital, Institutes of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at School of Life Sciences, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Zhou S, Wen S, Sheng Y, Yang M, Shen X, Chen Y, Kang D, Xu L. Association of Estrogen Receptor Genes Polymorphisms With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Based on Observational Studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:726184. [PMID: 34671317 PMCID: PMC8521002 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.726184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Controversial results existed in amounts of studies investigating the authentic association of estrogen receptor genes (ESR1 and ESR2) polymorphisms with the occurrence and progression of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The inconsistency might result from different loci, sample sizes, and ethnicities. To find the potential correlations between ESR1/ESR2 polymorphisms and PCOS risk, we conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively summarize current studies in a large combined population. METHODS Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG, and VIP up to February 28, 2021. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) scoring system. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated to synthesize data in five genetic models. Subgroup analyses were conducted by ethnicity. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42021239200. RESULTS A total of 8 studies involving 1,522 PCOS patients and 4,198 controls were included. No evidence demonstrated the association of ESR1 rs2234693 (OR=1.07 95%CI 0.98-1.18), ESR1 rs9340799 (OR=0.99 95%CI 0.69-1.43), or ESR2 rs4986938 (OR=1.06 95%CI 0.81-1.38) polymorphisms and PCOS risk in five genetic models. According to stratified subgroup analyses, ethnicity was considered the major source of heterogeneity. No publication bias was found in eligible studies. CONCLUSION The present meta-analysis found no significant associations between the variants of ESR1 rs2234693, ESR1 rs9340799, ESR2 rs4936938, and individual PCOS susceptibility, even if ethnicity was taken into account. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (available from https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO) with the ID number CRD42021239200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongcheng Sheng
- Department of Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meina Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Deying Kang
- Department of Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center of Biostatistics, Design, Measurement and Evaluation (CBDME), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Liangzhi Xu,
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Wang W, La Y, Li F, Liu S, Pan X, Li C, Zhang X. Molecular Characterization and Expression Profiles of the Ovine LHβ Gene and Its Association with Litter Size in Chinese Indigenous Small-Tailed Han Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030460. [PMID: 32164242 PMCID: PMC7143468 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Litter size is one of the most important reproductive traits in sheep, and the luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide (LHβ) plays an important role in mammalian follicular development. In this study, we cloned and analyzed the cDNA sequence of the ovine LHβ gene, and the expression patterns of LHβ were determined. Furthermore, the synonymous mutation g.727C > T detected in the LHβ gene was confirmed to be significantly associated with litter size (p < 0.01). These findings support LHβ g.727C > T as a genetic marker for litter size in sheep. Abstract The luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide (LHβ) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted by basophilic granular cells of the adenohypophysis, and plays an important role in mammalian follicular development. In this study, we cloned and analyzed the cDNA sequence of the ovine LHβ gene. RT-qPCR analysis showed that ovine LHβ was widely expressed in tissues, with significantly higher expression in the hypophysis than that in other tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, rumen, duodenum, muscle, fat, hypothalamus, and sex glands) (p < 0.01). Hypophyseal expression of LHβ mRNA in lamb increased with age and reached a peak at 70 days, although a slight decrease was observed at 84 days of age. In addition, the synonymous mutation g.727C > T detected in the LHβ gene was confirmed to be significantly associated with the litter size (p < 0.01). Ewes carrying the TT genotype produced more lambs than those carrying the TC and CC genotypes (0.42 and 0.39 per delivery, respectively; p < 0.05). Our results confirm the association of ovine LHβ with litter size in Small-Tailed Han Sheep and implicate LHβ as a candidate for improving reproductive traits in agricultural sheep breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.); (X.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Yongfu La
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.); (X.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Fadi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.); (X.P.); (C.L.)
- Engineering Laboratory of Sheep Breeding and Reproduction Biotechnology in Gansu Province, Minqin 730020, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.); (X.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Xiangyu Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.); (X.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Chong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.); (X.P.); (C.L.)
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.W.); (Y.L.); (F.L.); (S.L.); (X.P.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0931-7631-225
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Douma Z, Dallel M, Bahia W, Ben Salem A, Hachani Ben Ali F, Almawi WY, Lautier C, Haydar S, Grigorescu F, Mahjoub T. Association of estrogen receptor gene variants (ESR1 and ESR2) with polycystic ovary syndrome in Tunisia. Gene 2020; 741:144560. [PMID: 32169631 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SNV (single nucleotide variation) in estrogen receptor (ESR1 and ESR2) genes are susceptibility markers for complex diseases, such as cancer, metabolic disorders and women infertility. We explored six widely used SNVs in ESR1 (rs2234693, rs9340799, rs3798577, rs3020314) and ESR2 (rs1256049, rs4986938) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women from Tunisia (n = 254) compared to controls (n = 170). Genotyping was performed by RFLP-PCR or real-time PCR and analyzed in GoldenHelix statistical package. Logistic regression revealed association of rs2234693, rs3798577 and rs3020314 (ESR1) and rs1256049 (ESR2), the association of rs2234693 (C/T) being the strongest with P < 4.81 × 10-6, 2.88 × 10-5 after Bonferroni correction, OR 0.31, 95%CI (0.18-0.53)). Correlations were found with LH, LH/FSH or hyperandrogenism and even more significant with metabolic syndrome (rs9340799) and hyperglycemia (rs3798577). Among 14 haplotypes reconstructed in ESR1gene, four haplotypes (H1 to H4) were associated with PCOS the strongest being that of H1 (P < 0.002) supported by Bonferroni (P < 0.033) and permutation tests (P < 4 x10-4). In haplotype trend regression, concordant correlations were found with insulin resistance (P < 0.033) for H2 and with high blood pressure for H3 (P < 0.048). While these data revealed influential role on metabolic rather and hormonal features of PCOS, the association of rs2234693 was the strongest among all ethnic populations studied thus far giving a new insight on estrogen receptor gene variation in distant North African populations and their role in metabolic alteration of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeineb Douma
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Dallel
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Weal Bahia
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Assila Ben Salem
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Wassim Y Almawi
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan and Faculty of Sciences, El-Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Corinne Lautier
- University of Montpellier, UMR204 NUTRIPASS (IRD, UM, SupAgro), Montpellier, France
| | - Sara Haydar
- University of Montpellier, UMR204 NUTRIPASS (IRD, UM, SupAgro), Montpellier, France
| | - Florin Grigorescu
- University of Montpellier, UMR204 NUTRIPASS (IRD, UM, SupAgro), Montpellier, France; Institut Convergences Migrations, Collège de France, Paris, France.
| | - Touhemi Mahjoub
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases (LR12ES07), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Shaaban Z, Khoradmehr A, Jafarzadeh Shirazi MR, Tamadon A. Pathophysiological mechanisms of gonadotropins- and steroid hormones-related genes in etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:3-16. [PMID: 30944702 PMCID: PMC6437453 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2018.31776.7646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy in women, which, unlike its impact on fertility and health of women, there is no clear understanding about the causal mechanisms of this pathogenesis. The aim of this review paper is to investigate the pathophysiological pathways affecting the PCOS etiology, based on functions of gonadotropins- and steroid hormones-related genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Due to different hormonal and metabolic signs of this complex disorder, different hypotheses are mentioned about etiology of this syndrome. Because of the heterogeneity of the reasons given for this syndrome and the spread of the effective genes in its pathophysiology, most of genes affected by sex-related hormonal imbalances are examined for discriminative diagnosis. For this purpose, published articles and reviews dealing with genetic evaluation of PCOS in women in peer-reviewed journals in PubMed and Google Scholar databases were included in this review. RESULTS In previous studies, it has been well demonstrated that PCOS in some individuals have a genetic origin. Pathophysiological functions of genes are primarily responsible for the synthesis of proteins that have role in PCOS before hyperandrogenism including GnRHR, FSHβ, FSHR, LHCGR, CYP19A1, HSD17B, AR and SHBG, and their effects in PCOS of human have been confirmed. CONCLUSION Hormonal imbalances are the first reason mentioned in PCOS etiology, and usually characterized with menstrual irregularities in PCOS women. Hyperandrogenism and gonadotropin secretion disorders are shown in PCOS condition, which are related to steroidogenesis pathways and hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis disturbances, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shaaban
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproduction Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Laven JSE. Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR) Polymorphisms and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:23. [PMID: 30809190 PMCID: PMC6379247 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine abnormality in women of reproductive age typically presenting with chronic oligo- or anovulation, clinical, or biochemical hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). Restoring mono-ovulation is the ultimate goal of ovulation induction and most women do respond to ovulation inducing agents causing their Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels to rise. Familial clustering and the results from twin studies strongly support an underlying genetic basis for PCOS. Recent Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genetic variants being genome wide significantly associated with PCOS. Amongst those are variants in or near the Luteinizing hormone (LH) and FSH receptor genes as well as a variant in the FSH-β gene. The aim of this review is to summarize the available evidence as to whether single nucleotide polymorphisms are able to modify the PCOS phenotype or whether they constitute a risk factor for the syndrome. Data on the role of FSHR polymorphisms in PCOS are conflicting. It seems that in large Chinese studies FSHR polymorphisms are not associated with either PCOS risk or with PCOS treatment outcome. However, in large scale studies in Caucasians these polymorphisms seem to influence the risk of having PCOS. Moreover, these studies also showed that some polymorphisms might affect some clinical features of PCOS as well as treatment outcome. Although most research has focussed on the role of FSHR polymorphisms there seems to be also some evidence showing that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LHCG-Receptor as well as those in FSH-β gene might also alter the phenotype of PCOS. In conclusion most studies confirm that FSHR polymorphisms do alter the phenotype of PCOS in that they either alter the response to exogenous FSH or hat they increase the risk of having PCOS.
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Jiao X, Chen W, Zhang J, Wang W, Song J, Chen D, Zhu W, Shi Y, Yu X. Variant Alleles of the ESR1, PPARG, HMGA2, and MTHFR Genes Are Associated With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Risk in a Chinese Population: A Case-Control Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:504. [PMID: 30214429 PMCID: PMC6125305 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of 6-8%. Although the etiology of PCOS has been investigated extensively, the association between genetic predisposition and PCOS risk is largely unknown. In this study, we genotyped 63 SNPs in 10 genes among 361 PCOS patients and 331 healthy controls in a Chinese Han population. The following variant alleles were significantly associated with decreased PCOS risk: ESR1 rs9340799 (P = 0.000), PPARG rs709154 (P = 0.013), and rs1151996 (P = 0.013), HMGA2 rs2272046 (P = 0.000), MTHFR rs1801133 (P = 0.000). Accordingly, the following genotypes at various loci were associated with reduced PCOS risk: GA genotype at rs9340799 (P < 0.0001) in ESR1, TA genotype at rs709154(P < 0.0001) in PPARG and CA genotype at rs2272046 (P < 0.0001) in HMGA2. Moreover, GA genotype at rs1999805 (P = 0.013) in ESR1 and TT genotype at rs1801133 in MTHFR (P < 0.0001) correlated with elevated PCOS risk. Furthermore, haplotype analysis revealed significant differences in haplotype distributions of CYP11A1, ESR2 and PPARG gene between cases and controls. In addition to confirming that ESR1 rs9340799, HMGA2 rs2272046 and MTHFR rs1801133 are related to the risk of PCOS, these findings also provide the first evidence that PPARG rs709154 and ESR1 rs1999805 are significantly associated with PCOS risk in a Chinese population. Further functional studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianting Jiao
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Translation Medicine Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiye Wang
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjiao Song
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Chen
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenting Zhu
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaodan Yu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Pediatric Translation Medicine Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaodan Yu ;
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Maduro MR. In the Spotlight. Reprod Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719116638976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Saxena R, Georgopoulos NA, Braaten TJ, Bjonnes AC, Koika V, Panidis D, Welt CK. Han Chinese polycystic ovary syndrome risk variants in women of European ancestry: relationship to FSH levels and glucose tolerance. Hum Reprod 2015; 30:1454-9. [PMID: 25904635 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are PCOS risk variants identified in women of Han Chinese ethnicity also associated with risk of PCOS or the phenotypic features of PCOS in European women? SUMMARY ANSWER One variant, rs2268361-T, in the intron of FSHR was associated with PCOS and lower FSH levels, while another variant rs705702-G near the RAB5B and SUOX genes was associated with insulin and glucose levels after oral glucose testing in women with PCOS of European ethnicity. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Three of the eleven variants associated with PCOS in the Han Chinese genome-wide association studies were also associated with PCOS in at least one European population when corrected for multiple testing (DENND1A, THADA and YAP1). However, additional replication is needed to establish the importance of these variants in European women and to determine the relationship to PCOS phenotypic traits. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The study was a case-control examination in a discovery cohort of women with PCOS (n = 485) and controls (n = 407) from Boston (Boston 1). Replication was performed in women from Greece (cases n = 884 and controls n = 311) and an additional cohort from Boston (Boston electronic medical record (EMR); n = 350 cases and n = 1258 controls). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS Women had PCOS defined by the National Institutes of Health criteria in Boston 1 and Greece (n = 783), with additional subjects fulfilling the Rotterdam criteria (hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovary morphology and regular menses) in Greece (n = 101). Controls in Boston and Greece had regular menstrual cycles and no hyperandrogenism. The second cohort from Boston was defined using the EMR and natural language processing. Allele frequencies for variants associated with PCOS in Han Chinese women were examined in PCOS cases and controls, along with the relationship to quantitative traits. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A variant rs2268361-T in an intron of FSHR was associated with PCOS (0.84 [0.76-0.93], OR [95% CI]; P = 0.002). The rs2268361-T was associated with lower FSH levels (-0.15 ± 0.05; P = 0.0029). A variant rs705702-G near RAB5B and SUOX was associated with insulin (-0.16 ± 0.05, P = 0.0029) and glucose levels (-0.20 ± 0.05, P = 0.0002) 120 min after an oral glucose test. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The study was large and contained replication cohorts, but was limited by a small number of controls in the Greek cohort and a small number of cases in the second Boston cohort. The second Boston group was identified using electronic medical record review, but was validated for the cardinal features of PCOS. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study demonstrates a cross-ethnic PCOS risk locus in FSHR in women of European ancestry with PCOS. The variant may influence FSH receptor responsiveness as suggested by the associated change in FSH levels. The relationship between a variant near RAB5B and SUOX and glucose stimulated insulin and glucose levels suggests an influence of one of these genes on glucose tolerance, but the absence of a relationship with PCOS points to potential differences in the international PCOS patient populations. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The project was supported by Award Number R01HD065029 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development, Award Number 1 UL1 RR025758, Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, from the National Center for Research Resources, award 1-10-CT-57 from the American Diabetes Association and the Partners Healthcare Center for Personalized Genetics Project Grant. C.K.W. is a consultant for Takeda Pharmaceuticals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00166569.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Saxena
- Department of Anaesthesia and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N A Georgopoulos
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - T J Braaten
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - A C Bjonnes
- Department of Anaesthesia and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V Koika
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece
| | - D Panidis
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Greece Division of Endocrinology and Human Reproduction, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - C K Welt
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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