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Bayrami A, Sojoudi M, Rahim Pouran S, Habibi-Yangjeh A, Sojoudi S. Linum usitatissimum Delivery over Chitosan Nanobiopolymer: Enhanced Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Condition. IET Nanobiotechnol 2024; 2024:6693566. [PMID: 39050969 PMCID: PMC11268972 DOI: 10.1049/2024/6693566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, chitosan nanoparticle (CHIT) was used as a safe and biocompatible matrix to carry flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) extract (FSE). The number of main features and bio-interface properties of CHIT-FSE were determined by SEM, DLS, FTIR, XRD, TGA, and zeta potential analyses and compared to those of chitosan lacking FSE. A GC-MS analysis was also conducted to reveal the bioactive compounds of FSE. The active anchoring of the FSE phytomolecules over chitosan nanoparticles with enhanced thermal and structural stability was correspondingly verified. Subsequently, the influence of CHIT-FSE, CHIT-TPP, and FSE supplementation was assessed on hormonal and biochemical markers of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in female rats and compared with untreated and healthy control groups. After 16 days of treatment, CHIT-FSE represented the best performance for controlling the serum levels of the studied biochemical (lipid profile and blood glucose level) and hormonal (insulin, testosterone, luteinizing, and follicle-stimulating hormone) parameters. Considering the negligible therapeutic activity of CHIT-TPP, the enhanced activity of CHIT-FSE compared to only FSE was expounded based on the potent action of chitosan nanoparticles in enhanced stabilization, bioavailability, transport, and permeability of the therapeutically important phytomolecules. As per the results of this investigation, supporting medically important biomolecules over chitosan can enhance their therapeutic effectiveness in controlling PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Bayrami
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil P.O. Box 179, Iran
| | - Maryam Sojoudi
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil P.O. Box 179, Iran
| | - Shima Rahim Pouran
- Department of Environmental and Occupational HealthSocial Determinants of Health Research CentreArdabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Aziz Habibi-Yangjeh
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil P.O. Box 179, Iran
| | - Sanaz Sojoudi
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil P.O. Box 179, Iran
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Peña N, Amézaga J, Marrugat G, Landaluce A, Viar T, Arce J, Larruskain J, Lekue J, Ferreri C, Ordovás JM, Tueros I. Competitive season effects on polyunsaturated fatty acid content in erythrocyte membranes of female football players. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2023; 20:2245386. [PMID: 37605439 PMCID: PMC10446798 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2245386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An optimal and correctly balanced metabolic status is essential to improve sports performance in athletes. Recent advances in omic tools, such as the lipid profile of the mature erythrocyte membranes (LPMEM), allow to have a comprehensive vision of the nutritional and metabolic status of these individuals to provide personalized recommendations for nutrients, specifically, the essential omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, individuating deficiencies/unbalances that can arise from both habitual diet and sportive activity. This work aimed to study the LPMEM in professional female football players during the football season for the first time and compare it with those defined as optimal values for the general population and a control group. METHODS An observational study was carried out on female football players from the Athletic Club (Bilbao) playing in the first division of the Spanish league. Blood samples were collected at three points: at the beginning, mid-season, and end of the season for three consecutive seasons (2019-2020, 2020-2021, and 2021-2022), providing a total of 160 samples from 40 women. The LPMEM analysis was obtained by GC-FID by published method and correlated to other individual data, such as blood biochemical parameters, body composition, and age. RESULTS We observed a significant increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (p 0.048) and total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (p 0.021) in the first season. In the second season, we observed a buildup in the membrane arachidonic acid (AA) (p < .001) and PUFA (p < .001) contents when high training accumulated. In comparison with the benchmark of average population values, 69% of the football players showed lower levels of omega-6 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA), whereas 88%, 44%, and 81% of the participants showed increased values of AA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and the ratio of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (SFA/MUFA), respectively. Regarding relationships between blood biochemical parameters, body composition, and age with LPMEM, we observed some mild negative correlations, such as AA and SFA/MUFA ratio with vitamin D levels (coefficient = -0.34 p = .0019 and coefficient = -.25 p = .042); DGLA with urea and cortisol (coefficient = -0.27 p < .006 and coefficient = .28 p < .0028) and AA with age (coefficient = -0.33 p < .001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, relevant variations in several fatty acids of the membrane fatty acid profile of elite female football players were observed during the competitive season and, in comparison with the general population, increased PUFA contents were confirmed, as reported in other sportive activities, together with the new aspect of DGLA diminution, an omega-6 involved in immune and anti-inflammatory responses. Our results highlight membrane lipidomics as a tool to ascertain the molecular profile of elite female football players with a potential application for future personalized nutritional strategies (diet and supplementation) to address unbalances created during the competitive season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nere Peña
- Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA). Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, AZTI, Food Research, Derio, Spain
| | - Javier Amézaga
- Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA). Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, AZTI, Food Research, Derio, Spain
| | - Gerard Marrugat
- Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA). Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, AZTI, Food Research, Derio, Spain
| | | | | | - Julen Arce
- Athletic Club, Medical Services, Lezama, Spain
| | | | | | - Carla Ferreri
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica E la Fotoreattività, Bologna, Italy
| | - José María Ordovás
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA-HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Consortium CIBERObn, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itziar Tueros
- Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA). Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, AZTI, Food Research, Derio, Spain
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Sun J, Su Y, Wang L, Lv F, Wu H. Nutrients and antioxidant properties of enzymatically hydrolyzed anchovy ( Engraulis japonicus) paste. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2022.2129793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Sun
- School of Environment and Bioengineering, Nantong College of Science and Technology, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongchang Su
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Linghua Wang
- Technology Department of Zhejiang Eiifne Marine Biological Products Co,Ltd, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Lv
- School of Environment and Bioengineering, Nantong College of Science and Technology, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- School of Environment and Bioengineering, Nantong College of Science and Technology, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Wang YY, Zhang JX, Tian T, Gao MY, Zhu QR, Xie W, Fu LM, Wang SK, Dai Y. Dietary patterns in association with the risk of elevated blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting plasma glucose among adults in Jiangsu Province of China. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:69-79. [PMID: 34920942 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aimed to identify unique dietary patterns, and to examine the correlation of dietary patterns with elevated blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) among adults in Jiangsu Province of China. METHODS AND RESULTS 4951 individuals were selected in this cross-sectional study from nutrition and health survey in Jiangsu Province in 2014. Factor analysis was used to identify the dietary patterns. Higher quartile of the cereals-seafood-dairy dietary pattern was inversely associated with high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (composed to Q1, OR = 0.834, 95% CI: 0.700∼0.993, P < 0.05) and FPG (composed to Q1, OR = 0.725, 95% CI: 0.609-0.862, P < 0.05), while higher quartile of the traditional Jiangsu dietary pattern was positively associated with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (composed to Q1, OR = 1.395, 95% CI: 1.067∼1.825, P < 0.05) and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) (composed to Q1, OR = 1.238, 95% CI: 1.020∼1.503, P < 0.05). Higher scores of the refined food-oriented dietary pattern was inversely related to high triglycerides (TG) (composed to Q1, OR = 0.665, 95% CI: 0.551∼0.802, P < 0.05), but was positively related to high TC (composed to Q1, OR = 2.179, 95% CI: 1.817∼2.614), high LDL (composed to Q1, OR = 2.431, 95% CI: 2.037∼2.902, P < 0.05) and elevated FPG (composed to Q1, OR = 1.734, 95% CI: 1.458∼2.061, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Different structure of dietary patterns do affect the blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting plasma glucose among adults in Jiangsu Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jing-Xian Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Tian
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Min-Yue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qian-Rang Zhu
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ling-Meng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shao-Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yue Dai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Lv F, Zhong C, Wu S, Wang L, Wu H, Sun J. Variations of nutritional and putrescent compositions during enzymolysis of Acetes chinensis. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2021.1917666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lv
- Schoool of Environment and Bioengineering, Nantong College of Science and Technology, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenhui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shuiqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian Province, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Linghua Wang
- R&D, Zhejiang Eiifne Marine Biological Products Co., Ltd, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Schoool of Environment and Bioengineering, Nantong College of Science and Technology, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Sun
- Schoool of Environment and Bioengineering, Nantong College of Science and Technology, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Ritz PP, Rogers MB, Zabinsky JS, Hedrick VE, Rockwell JA, Rimer EG, Kostelnik SB, Hulver MW, Rockwell MS. Dietary and Biological Assessment of the Omega-3 Status of Collegiate Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228834. [PMID: 32348305 PMCID: PMC7190167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA) are associated with cardiovascular health, brain function, reduction of inflammation, and several other physiological roles of importance to competitive athletes. The ω-3 FA status of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I athletes has not been well-described. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ω-3 FA status of NCAA Division I athletes using dietary and biological assessment methodology. Athletes from nine NCAA Division I institutions from throughout the U.S. (n = 1,528, 51% male, 34 sports represented, 19.9 ± 1.4 years of age) completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess ω-3 FA from diet and supplements. Omega-3 Index (O3i) was evaluated in a sub-set of these participants (n = 298, 55% male, 21 sports represented, 20.0 ± 1.3 years of age) using dried blood spot sampling. Only 6% (n = 93) of athletes achieved the Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics’ recommendation to consume 500 mg DHA+EPA per day. Use of ω-3 FA supplements was reported by 15% (n = 229) of participants. O3i was 4.33 ± 0.81%, with no participants meeting the O3i benchmark of 8% associated with the lowest risk of cardiovascular disease. Every additional weekly serving of fish or seafood was associated with an absolute O3i increase of 0.27%. Overall, sub-optimal ω-3 FA status was observed among a large, geographically diverse group of male and female NCAA Division I athletes. These findings may inform interventions aimed at improving ω-3 FA status of collegiate athletes. Further research on athlete-specific ω-3 FA requirements is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P. Ritz
- Athletics Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Mark B. Rogers
- Athletics Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Jennifer S. Zabinsky
- Athletics Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Valisa E. Hedrick
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - John A. Rockwell
- Department of Medicine, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, VA, United States of America
| | - Ernest G. Rimer
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
- Athletics Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Samantha B. Kostelnik
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Matthew W. Hulver
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute Roanoke, Roanoke, VA, United States of America
- Fralin Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Michelle S. Rockwell
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
- Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute Roanoke, Roanoke, VA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Blue MN, Trexler ET, Hirsch KR, Smith-Ryan AE. A profile of body composition, omega-3 and vitamin D in National Football League players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 59:87-93. [PMID: 29498249 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.08122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body composition (percent body fat [%BF]), omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D (VitD) status are important components of an athlete's individual physiological profile, as each measure has potential to influence performance, inflammation, and injury recovery. The purpose of this study was to characterize %BF, omega-3, and VitD in a subset of professional football athletes. Secondary analyses investigated changes in %BF, omega-3, and VitD, throughout a competitive season, and evaluated the relationship between physiological variables, race, and injury prevalence. METHODS Forty-two professional football players (age: 24.0±2.4 years; height: 186.8±5.9 cm; weight: 108.8±19.4 kg) volunteered to participate. A-mode ultrasonography measured %BF and the percentage of highly unsaturated fatty acid content comprised of omega-3s was determined by an omega-3 bloodspot test. VitD levels and injury prevalence were obtained from the team athletic trainer. RESULTS Omega-3 was moderately correlated with VitD (R=0.397, P=0.030). Throughout the season there was a significant decrease in omega-3 percentage (∆=-2.47±5.48%, P=0.030), no change in body composition (∆=0.26±1.97%, P=0.482) and a significant increase in VitD (∆=9.03±19.46 ng/mL, P=0.015). VitD was significantly higher in white athletes (48.00±13.73 ng/mL) than black athletes (27.09±9.28 ng/mL; P<0.001) and athletes of other races (23.33±4.73 ng/mL; P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS Throughout the season, %BF was maintained, VitD levels increased, and omega-3 decreased. White athletes had significantly higher VitD levels than athletes of all other races. There were no differences in the physiological variables between injury severity categories. The results from the current study provides support for the potential importance of VitD and omega-3 supplementation for professional football athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malia N Blue
- Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric T Trexler
- Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katie R Hirsch
- Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Abbie E Smith-Ryan
- Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA - .,Human Movement Science Curriculum, Department of Allied Health Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Raizada MK, Sable DM, Chowdhery A, Chavan MS, Rajpurohit LS. Omega 3: a novel treatment agent in oral submucous fibrosis: a pilot study. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:439-442. [PMID: 28027413 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic debilitating disease and a premalignant condition of the oral cavity. It is well known for its impervious nature to medical therapy. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, its role in OSF is still not known. This preliminary study assessed the efficacy of systemic omega 3 in this disease. METHODS A randomized single-blinded controlled trial was designed, and a total of 10 clinically confirmed adult patients with OSF were included in the study. Group A was given biweekly intralesional injections of dexamethasone 1.5 ml and hyaluronidase 1500 IU mixed with lignocaine for 6 weeks and a placebo for 3 months. Group B was also given similar intralesional injections but with 1 gm of omega 3 three times daily continuously for 3 months. Patients were followed every month for 3 months and then after 6 months. RESULTS Significant improvement was noted among all clinical parameters (interincisal distance, tongue protrusion, cheek flexibility, and visual analogue scale) in both the groups. Intergroup comparison showed significant reduction in burning sensation in group B; that is, P value was 0.005, while improvement in rest of the three clinical features was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Omega 3 can be used as an adjunctive treatment option in patients with OSF to reduce subjective symptoms. More studies should be conducted with a larger sample size to study the effect of omega 3 in patients with OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milanjeet Kaur Raizada
- Oral Medicine & Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Digamber M Sable
- Oral Medicine & Radiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College & Hospital, DPU, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Asha Chowdhery
- Department of Oral and Medicine & Radiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahesh Shivaji Chavan
- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ladu Singh Rajpurohit
- Department of Public health dentistry, Dr. D.Y.Patil Dental College & Hospital, DPU, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Kamat SG, Roy R. Evaluation of the effect of n-3 PUFA-rich dietary fish oils on lipid profile and membrane fluidity in alloxan-induced diabetic mice (Mus musculus). Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 416:117-29. [PMID: 27101827 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Marine fishes are important to health due to their high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids particularly those of the omega-3 family. These fatty acids play an important role in various physiological processes and as a consequence they may modulate and even prevent some human diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the effect of fish oils of different origins (Sardinella longiceps, Rastrelliger kanagurta and Clarias batrachus) on lipid metabolism and membrane fluidity in diabetes. Alloxan was injected in repetitive doses for 1 month (100 mg/kg body weight every 5th day) to induce diabetes in Swiss albino mice. 10 % S. longiceps, R. kanagurta or C. batrachus fish oil was freshly blended with pellet feed which was provided to diabetic mice for 1 month. The serum lipid profile (serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, VLDL and LDL) along with liver, kidney and heart tissue lipid profile (i.e. triglyceride, total cholesterol, glycolipid and phospholipid) was analysed. Besides, the enzymatic activity of HMG-CoA reductase, HMG-CoA synthase and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase along with the membrane fluidity of these tissues was evaluated. Altered tissue lipid composition, enzyme activities and membrane fluidity due to diabetes were returned towards normal with the supplementation of 10 % fish oils. Fish oil from S. longiceps brought maximum changes in level of neutral lipid composition in heart, and increased the concentration of phospholipid and decreased the activity of HMG-CoA reductase in comparison with the fish oil from R. kanagurta and C. batrachus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramaballav Roy
- Department of Zoology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa, 403206, India.
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Sinnott R, Maddela RL, Bae S, Best T. The effect of dietary supplements on the quality of life of retired professional football players. Glob J Health Sci 2012; 5:13-26. [PMID: 23445692 PMCID: PMC4776780 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v5n2p13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Professional football players may experience negative health consequences when they retire such as chronic pain, cognitive problems as well as other consequences of sports-related injuries. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with multiple nutrients on the quality of life of retired football players. Fifteen retired players received daily supplementation of fish oil with cholecalciferol, antioxidants, natural vitamins and minerals, polysaccharides and phytosterol-amino acid complex for 6 months. Using an open-labeled repeated measures design, volunteers completed self-report assessment measures at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months. Outcome measures were CDC HRQOL-4, WHOQOL-BREF, POMS, MFQ and pain self-assessment. General health rating improvement on CDC HRQOL-4 from month 1 was sustained to month 6 (p<0.0001). Mental health days improved at 6 months (p<0.05). WHOQOL-BREF showed increased health satisfaction at all measurement points (p<0.05) and the Physical and Psychological Domain Scores at 6 months (p<0.05). MFQ General Rating of Memory improved at 3 and 6 months (p<0.05). Vigor scale in POMS was significant at 3 months (p<0.05). Decreased pain was noted only for the elbow at month 1 and the knee at month 3 (p<0.05). No adverse events were reported. Results of this study offer preliminary insight into using dietary supplements to support and optimize quality of life in retired football players. Further research using a placebo-controlled design is needed to characterize the potential benefit to physical and psychological well-being of multiple dietary supplementations for this cohort.
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Maroon JC, Bost J. Concussion management at the NFL, college, high school, and youth sports levels. Neurosurgery 2011; 58:51-6. [PMID: 21916127 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0b013e3182269efe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Maroon
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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