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Wen C, Zeng Q, Zhou R, Xie L, Yu J, Zhang C, Wang J, Yu Y, Gu Y, Cao G, Feng Y, Wang M. Characterization of local white matter microstructural alterations in Alzheimer's disease: A reproducible study. Comput Biol Med 2024; 179:108750. [PMID: 38996551 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a close association with microstructural alterations in white matter (WM). Current studies lack the characterization and further validation of specific regions in WM fiber tracts in AD. This study subdivided fiber tracts into multiple fiber clusters on the basis of automated fiber clustering and performed quantitative analysis along the fiber clusters to identify local WM microstructural alterations in AD. Diffusion tensor imaging data from a public dataset (53 patients with AD and 70 healthy controls [HCs]) and a clinical dataset (27 patients with AD and 19 HCs) were included for mutual validation. Whole-brain tractograms were automatically subdivided into 800 clusters through the automatic fiber clustering approach. Then, 100 segments were divided along the clusters, and the diffusion properties of each segment were calculated. Results showed that patients with AD had significantly lower fraction anisotropy (FA) and significantly higher mean diffusivity (MD) in some regions of the fiber clusters in the cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus, external capsule, and corpus callosum than HCs. Importantly, these changes were reproducible across the two datasets. Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between FA and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and a negative correlation between MD and MMSE in these clusters. The accuracy of the constructed classifier reached 89.76% with an area under the curve of 0.93. This finding indicates that this study can effectively identify local WM microstructural changes in AD and provides new insight into the analysis and diagnosis of WM abnormalities in patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Wen
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qingrun Zeng
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Ronghui Zhou
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lei Xie
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jiangli Yu
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chengzhe Zhang
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jingqiang Wang
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yan Yu
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yixin Gu
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Guoquan Cao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yuanjing Feng
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Meihao Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Sumbul‐Sekerci B, Velioglu HA, Sekerci A. Diabetes-related clinical and microstructural white matter changes in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3533. [PMID: 38715429 PMCID: PMC11077244 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Although there exists substantial epidemiological evidence indicating an elevated risk of dementia in individuals with diabetes, our understanding of the neuropathological underpinnings of the association between Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. This study aims to unveil the microstructural brain changes associated with T2DM in AD and identify the clinical variables contributing to these changes. METHODS In this retrospective study involving 64 patients with AD, 31 individuals had concurrent T2DM. The study involved a comparative analysis of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) images and clinical features between patients with and without T2DM. The FSL FMRIB software library was used for comprehensive preprocessing and tractography analysis of DTI data. After eddy current correction, the "bedpost" model was utilized to model diffusion parameters. Linear regression analysis with a stepwise method was used to predict the clinical variables that could lead to microstructural white matter changes. RESULTS We observed a significant impairment in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) among patients with AD who also had T2DM. This impairment in patients with AD and T2DM was associated with an elevation in creatine levels. CONCLUSION The white matter microstructure in the left SLF appears to be sensitive to the impairment of kidney function associated with T2DM in patients with AD. The emergence of AD in association with T2DM may be driven by mechanisms distinct from the typical AD pathology. Compromised renal function in AD could potentially contribute to impaired white matter integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Sumbul‐Sekerci
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of PharmacyBezmialem Vakıf UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Halil Aziz Velioglu
- Center for Psychiatric NeuroscienceFeinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of MedicineIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Abdusselam Sekerci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineBezmialem Vakif UniversityIstanbulTurkey
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Zhou Y, Wei L, Gao S, Wang J, Hu Z. Characterization of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging revealing relationships between white matter disconnection and behavioral disturbances in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1209378. [PMID: 37360170 PMCID: PMC10285107 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1209378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
White matter disconnection is the primary cause of cognition and affection abnormality in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Adequate understanding of behavioral disturbances, such as cognition and affection abnormality in MCI, can help to intervene and slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) promptly. Diffusion MRI is a non-invasive and effective technique for studying white matter microstructure. This review searched the relevant papers published from 2010 to 2022. Sixty-nine studies using diffusion MRI for white matter disconnections associated with behavioral disturbances in MCI were screened. Fibers connected to the hippocampus and temporal lobe were associated with cognition decline in MCI. Fibers connected to the thalamus were associated with both cognition and affection abnormality. This review summarized the correspondence between white matter disconnections and behavioral disturbances such as cognition and affection, which provides a theoretical basis for the future diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Lan Wei
- Business School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Song Gao
- College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Information Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Kritikos M, Huang C, Clouston SAP, Pellecchia AC, Mejia-Santiago S, Carr MA, Hagan T, Kotov R, Gandy S, Sano M, Horton M, Bromet EJ, Lucchini RG, Luft BJ. DTI Connectometry Analysis Reveals White Matter Changes in Cognitively Impaired World Trade Center Responders at Midlife. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:1075-1089. [PMID: 35964183 PMCID: PMC9730899 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 8% of responders who participated in the search and rescue efforts at the World Trade Center (WTC) following 9/11 developed early-onset cognitive impairment (CI). Approximately 23% were also diagnosed with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). OBJECTIVE To shed light on the pathophysiology of these WTC-related conditions, we examined diffusion connectometry to identify altered white matter tracts in WTC responders with CI and/or PTSD compared to unaffected responders. METHODS 99 WTC responders (mean age 56 years) consisting of CI-/PTSD- (n = 27), CI+/PTSD- (n = 25), CI-/PTSD+ (n = 24), and CI+/PTSD+ (n = 23) were matched on age, sex, occupation, race, and education. Cognitive status was determined using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and PTSD status was determined using the DSM-IV SCID. Diffusion tensor imaging was acquired on a 3T Siemens Biograph mMR scanner. Connectometry analysis was used to examine whole-brain tract-level differences in white matter integrity as reflected by fractional anisotropy (FA) values after adjusting for confounders. RESULTS Analyses identified that FA was negatively correlated with CI and PTSD status in the fornix, cingulum, forceps minor of the corpus callosum and the right uncinate fasciculus. Furthermore, FA was negatively correlated with PTSD status, regardless of CI status in the superior thalamic radiation and the cerebellum. CONCLUSION This is the first connectometry study to examine altered white matter tracts in a sample of WTC responders with CI and/or PTSD. Results from this study suggest that WTC responders with early-onset CI may be experiencing an early neurodegenerative process characterized by decreased FA in white matter tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minos Kritikos
- Program in Public Health and Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Chuan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Sean A. P. Clouston
- Program in Public Health and Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Alison C. Pellecchia
- Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Mejia-Santiago
- Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Melissa A. Carr
- Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Hagan
- Department of Radiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx NY, 10468
- Department of Psychiatry and Mount Sinai Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Cognitive Health and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry and Mount Sinai Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Cognitive Health and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinair, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evelyn J. Bromet
- Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Roberto G. Lucchini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinair, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Luft
- Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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5
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White matter changes from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 121:1435-1447. [PMID: 32170607 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-020-01322-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have reported that both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) revealed microstructural changes [fractional anisotropy (FA)]. However, these results were not conclusive. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to identify the consistent FA alterations and the differences between MCI and AD. Case-control studies investigating MCI and AD using FA were searched in the online databases. The quantitative FA value of cognition-related brain regions was extracted and the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using fixed or random effect models. Twenty six studies with a total of 1,021 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Significantly decreased FA in patients with AD were identified in the left frontal lobe, corpus callosum (CC), fornix, hippocampus (HP), cingulate gyrus (CG), cingulate bundle (CB), uncinate fasciculus (UF), superior longitudinal fasciculus(SLF), the inferior fronto-occipital fascicles (IFOF), and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus(ILF) relative to MCI in this meta-analysis. This study provides objective and quantitative evidence that AD is associated with FA alteration within left frontal lobe, CC, FX, HP, CG, CB, and UF may suggest the key regions of the process from MCI to AD.
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Shin J, Rowley J, Chowdhury R, Jolicoeur P, Klein D, Grova C, Rosa-Neto P, Kobayashi E. Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus' Role in Visual Processing and Language Comprehension: A Combined MEG-DTI Study. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:875. [PMID: 31507359 PMCID: PMC6716060 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) is a white matter tract that connects the occipital and the temporal lobes. ILF abnormalities have been associated with deficits in visual processing and language comprehension in dementia patients, thus suggesting that its integrity is important for semantic processing. However, it remains elusive whether ILF microstructural organization per se impacts the visual semantic processing efficiency in the healthy brain. The present study aims to investigate whether there is an association between ILF’s microstructural organization and visual semantic processing at the individual level. We hypothesized that the efficiency of visual semantic processing positively correlates with the degree of anisotropy of the ILF. We studied 10 healthy right-handed subjects. We determined fractional anisotropy (FA) of the ILF using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We extracted N400m latency and amplitude from magnetoencephalography (MEG) signals during a visual semantic decision task. N400m and mean FA of the ILF were left lateralized with the higher FA value in the left hemisphere. Inter-individual analysis showed that FA of the ILF negatively correlated with the N400m latency and amplitude, which suggests that high ILF anisotropy is associated with more efficient semantic processing. In summary, our findings provide supporting evidence for a role of the ILF in language comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Shin
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jared Rowley
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rasheda Chowdhury
- Multimodal Functional Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Jolicoeur
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Denise Klein
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Grova
- Multimodal Functional Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Multimodal Functional Imaging Lab, PERFORM Centre, Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eliane Kobayashi
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Ashrafi F, Taheri MS, Farzaneh A, Behnam B, Ahmadi MA. Cognitive functions and white matter lesions on magnetic resonance images in a sample of normal Iranian population with cardiovascular risk factors. Neuroradiol J 2019; 32:108-114. [PMID: 30674224 DOI: 10.1177/1971400919825862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Due to a suggestive three-way relationship between brain structural disorders, microvascular lesions, and cognitive impairments, we aimed to examine the association of the volume and number of white matter hyperintensity lesions and lacunar infarcts with cognitive impairment among patients with cardiovascular risk factors in a sample of the Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on a total number of 156 normal subjects aged 30-74 years with cardiovascular risk factors. We used the Framingham general cardiovascular risk factors prediction model to calculate the likelihood of each risk factor. The total number of lacunar infarcts and the volume of white matter hyperintensity lesion were calculated in brain magnetic resonance imaging. Cognition status was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire. RESULTS An adverse association was revealed between Montreal Cognitive Assessment score and different cardiovascular risk profiles including the Framingham body mass index score ( p < 0.001) and the Framingham lipid score ( p < 0.001). The total volume of white matter hyperintensity was negatively associated with total Montreal Cognitive Assessment cognition score ( p < 0.001). Our study also showed an adverse association between total number of lacunar infarcts and total Montreal Cognitive Assessment cognition score ( p = 0.038) and with some cognition components including memory ( p = 0.013), attention ( p = 0.037), abstraction ( p = 0.046), and orientation ( p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Periventricular lesions are associated with impaired memory, language, and visuoconstruction while subcortical lesions are associated with impairment in naming, attention, language, and abstraction functions in normal subjects with cardiovascular risk factors but without cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Ashrafi
- 1 Functional neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Sanei Taheri
- 2 Department of Radiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Farzaneh
- 3 Department of Neurology, Shohada Tajrish hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behdad Behnam
- 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Firuzgar hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Arab Ahmadi
- 5 Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yu J, Lam CLM, Lee TMC. White matter microstructural abnormalities in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis of whole-brain and ROI-based studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:405-416. [PMID: 29092777 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Studies that examined white matter (WM) alterations in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) abound. This timely meta-analysis aims to synthesize the results of these studies. Seventy-seven studies (totalNaMCI=1844) were included. Fourteen region-of-interest-based (ROI-based) (k≥8;NaMCI≥284 per ROI) and two activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses (fractional anisotropy [FA]: k=15;NaMCI=463; mean diffusivity [MD]: k=8;NaMCI=193) were carried out. Among the many significant ROI-related findings, reliable FA and MD alterations in the fornix, uncinate fasciculus, and parahippocampal cingulum were observed in aMCI. Larger effects were observed in MD relative to FA. The ALE meta-analysis revealed a significant FA decrease among aMCI subjects in the posterior corona radiata. These results provide robust evidence of the presence of WM abnormalities in aMCI. Our findings also highlight the importance of carrying out both ROI-based and whole-brain-based research to obtain a complete picture of WM microstructural alterations associated with the condition..
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Charlene L M Lam
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tatia M C Lee
- The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Institute of Clinical Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Bladowska J, Zimny A, Knysz B, Małyszczak K, Kołtowska A, Szewczyk P, Gąsiorowski J, Furdal M, Sąsiadek MJ. Evaluation of early cerebral metabolic, perfusion and microstructural changes in HCV-positive patients: a pilot study. J Hepatol 2013; 59:651-7. [PMID: 23680314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The aim of the study was to evaluate early metabolic perfusion, and microstructural cerebral changes in patients with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and normal appearing brain on plain MR using advanced MR techniques, as well as to assess correlations of MR measurements with the liver histology activity index (HAI). METHODS Fifteen HCV-positive patients and 18 control subjects underwent single voxel MR spectroscopy (MRS), perfusion weighted imaging (PWI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), using a 1.5T MR unit. MRS metabolite ratios (NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, mI/Cr) were calculated. PWI values of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were assessed from 8 areas including several cortical locations, basal ganglia, and fronto-parietal white matter. DTI fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained from 14 white matter tracts. RESULTS Compared to controls, HCV-positive patients showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower NAA/Cr ratios within frontal and parietal white matters, lower rCBV values within frontal and temporo-parietal cortices, decreased FA values, as well as increased ADC values in several white matter tracts. We also found elevated rCBV values in basal ganglia regions. The increase in mI/Cr and Cho/Cr ratio was correlated with a higher HAI score. CONCLUSIONS The results of advanced MR techniques indicate neurotoxicity of HCV reflected by neuronal impairment within white matter, cortical hypoperfusion, and disintegrity within several white matter tracts. Hyperperfusion in basal ganglia may be an indicator of brain inflammation in HCV patients. Our findings may suggest a biologic link between HCV-related liver disease and cerebral dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bladowska
- Department of General Radiology, Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Chair of Radiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
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