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Jadaun P, Shah P, Harshithkumar R, Said MS, Bhoite SP, Bokuri S, Ravindran S, Mishra N, Mukherjee A. Antiviral and ROS scavenging potential of Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava leaves extract against HIV-1 infection. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:82. [PMID: 36934258 PMCID: PMC10024014 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03916-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy is the only treatment option for HIV-infected patients; however, it has certain drawbacks in terms of developing multiple toxic side effects. Thus, there is a continuous need to explore safe and efficacious anti-retroviral agents. Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava are known for their various biological activities. In this study, we characterized the bioactive fractions of methanolic leaves extract from both plants using the High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) technique, followed by the investigation of their potential as anti-HIV-1 and antioxidant agents through in vitro mechanistic assays. The anti-HIV-1 activity was examined in TZM-bl cells through luciferase gene assay against two different clades of HIV-1 strains, whereas the intracellular ROS generation was analyzed by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting. Additionally, the mechanisms of action of these phyto-extracts were determined through the Time-of-addition assay. The characterization of Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava leaves extract through HR-ESI-MS fragmentation showed high enrichment of various alkaloids, glycosides, lipids, phenolic compounds, terpenes, and fatty acids like bioactive constituents. Both the phyto-extracts were found to be less toxic and exhibited potent antiviral activity against HIV-1 strains. Furthermore, the phyto-extracts also showed a decreased intracellular ROS in HIV-1 infected cells due to their high antioxidant potential. Overall, our study suggests the anti-HIV-1 potential of Carica papaya Linn and Psidium guajava leaves extract due to the synergistic action of multiple bioactive constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prachibahen Shah
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International Deemed University, Pune, 412115, MH, India
| | - R Harshithkumar
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, 411026, MH, India
| | | | | | - Sowmya Bokuri
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International Deemed University, Pune, 412115, MH, India
| | - Selvan Ravindran
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International Deemed University, Pune, 412115, MH, India
| | - Neetu Mishra
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International Deemed University, Pune, 412115, MH, India
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2
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Shahrajabian MH, Sun W. The Importance of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Intervention and Treatment of HIV while Considering its Safety and Efficacy. Curr HIV Res 2023; 21:331-346. [PMID: 38047360 DOI: 10.2174/011570162x271199231128092621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have been considered a potential resource for the development of novel therapeutic agents, since time immemorial. It is an opportunity to discover cost-effective and safe drugs at the earliest, with the goal to hit specific targets in the HIV life cycle. Natural products with inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus are terpenes, coumarins, flavonoids, curcumin, proteins, such as lectins, laccases, bromotyrosines, and ribosome-inactivating proteins. Terpenes inhibit virus fusion, lectins and flavonoids have an inhibitory impact on viral binding, curcumin and flavonoids inhibit viral DNA integration. The most important medicinal plants which have been used in traditional Chinese medicinal sciences with anti-HIV properties are Convallaria majalis, Digitalis lanata, Cassia fistula, Croton macrostachyus, Dodonaea angustifolia, Ganoderma lucidum, Trametes versicolor, Coriolus versicolor, Cordyceps sinensis, Gardenia jasminoides, Morus alba, Scutellaria baicalensis, Ophiopogon japonicus, Platycodon grandiflorus, Fritillaria thunbergii, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Trichosanthes kirilowii, Citrus reticulata, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Rheum officinale, Poria cocos, Rheum palmatum, Astragalus membranaceus, Morinda citrifolia, Potentilla kleiniana, Artemisia capillaris, Sargassum fusiforme, Piperis longi fructus, Stellera chamaejasme, Curcumae rhizoma, Dalbergia odorifera lignum, Arisaematis Rhizoma preparatum, and Phellodendron amurense. The information provided is gathered from randomized control experiments, review articles, and analytical studies and observations, which are obtained from different literature sources, such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct from July 2000 to August 2023. The aim of this review article is to survey and introduce important medicinal plants and herbs that have been used for the treatment of HIV, especially the medicinal plants that are common in traditional Chinese medicine, as research to date is limited, and more evidence is required to confirm TCM,s efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenli Sun
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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3
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Xu XY, Wang DY, Li YP, Deyrup ST, Zhang HJ. Plant-derived lignans as potential antiviral agents: a systematic review. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 21:239-289. [PMID: 34093097 PMCID: PMC8165688 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are one of the most important sources of antiviral agents and lead compounds. Lignans are a large class of natural compounds comprising two phenyl propane units. Many of them have demonstrated biological activities, and some of them have even been developed as therapeutic drugs. In this review, 630 lignans, including those obtained from medicinal plants and their chemical derivatives, were systematically reviewed for their antiviral activity and mechanism of action. The compounds discussed herein were published in articles between 1998 and 2020. The articles were identified using both database searches (e.g., Web of Science, Pub Med and Scifinder) using key words such as: antiviral activity, antiviral effects, lignans, HBV, HCV, HIV, HPV, HSV, JEV, SARS-CoV, RSV and influenza A virus, and directed searches of scholarly publisher's websites including ACS, Elsevier, Springer, Thieme, and Wiley. The compounds were classified on their structural characteristics as 1) arylnaphthalene lignans, 2) aryltetralin lignans, 3) dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans, 4) dibenzylbutane lignans, 5) tetrahydrofuranoid and tetrahydrofurofuranoid lignans, 6) benzofuran lignans, 7) neolignans, 8) dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans and homolignans, and 9) norlignans and other lignoids. Details on isolation and antiviral activities of the most active compounds within each class of lignan are discussed in detail, as are studies of synthetic lignans that provide structure-activity relationship information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ya Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200 P. R. China
| | - Dong-Ying Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 P. R. China
| | - Stephen T. Deyrup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Loudonville, NY 12211 USA
| | - Hong-Jie Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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4
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Huang Z, Lumb JP. Mimicking oxidative radical cyclizations of lignan biosynthesis using redox-neutral photocatalysis. Nat Chem 2020; 13:24-32. [PMID: 33349693 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-00603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative cyclizations create many unique chemical structures that are characteristic of biologically active natural products. Many of these reactions are catalysed by 'non-canonical' or 'thwarted' iron oxygenases and appear to involve long-lived radicals. Mimicking these biosynthetic transformations with chemical equivalents has been a long-standing goal of synthetic chemists but the fleeting nature of radicals, particularly under oxidizing conditions, makes this challenging. Here we use redox-neutral photocatalysis to generate radicals that are likely to be involved in the biosynthesis of lignan natural products. We present the total syntheses of highly oxidized dibenzocyclooctadienes, which feature densely fused, polycyclic frameworks that originate from a common radical progenitor. We show that multiple factors control the fate of the proposed biosynthetic radicals, as they select between 5- or 11-membered ring cyclizations and a number of different terminating events. Our syntheses create new opportunities to explore the medicinal properties of these natural products, while shedding light on their biosynthetic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Philip Lumb
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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5
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Chinsembu KC. Chemical diversity and activity profiles of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors from plants. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Ge YZ, Zhou B, Xiao RX, Yuan XJ, Zhou H, Xu YC, Wainberg MA, Han YS, Yue JM. A new class of HIV-1 inhibitors and the target identification via proteomic profiling. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Han Y, Mesplède T, Xu H, Quan Y, Wainberg MA. The antimalarial drug amodiaquine possesses anti-ZIKA virus activities. J Med Virol 2018; 90:796-802. [PMID: 29315671 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak has emerged as a global health threat, particularly in tropical areas, over the past few years. No antiviral therapy or vaccine is available at present. For these reasons, repurposing clinically approved drugs against ZIKV infection may provide rapid and cost-effective global health benefits. Here, we explored this strategy and screened eight FDA-approved drugs for antiviral activity against ZIKV using a cell-based assay. Our results show that the antimalarial drug amodiaquine has anti-ZIKV activity with EC50 at low micromolar concentrations in cell culture. We further characterized amodiaquine antiviral activity against ZIKV and found that it targets early events of the viral replication cycle. Altogether, our results suggest that amodiaquine may be efficacious for the treatment of ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshan Han
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thibault Mesplède
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hongtao Xu
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yudong Quan
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark A Wainberg
- McGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Zhernov YV, Kremb S, Helfer M, Schindler M, Harir M, Mueller C, Hertkorn N, Avvakumova NP, Konstantinov AI, Brack-Werner R, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Perminova IV. Supramolecular combinations of humic polyanions as potent microbicides with polymodal anti-HIV-activities. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00960c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Anti-HIV potency of humic PAs is governed by scaffolds diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury V. Zhernov
- State Research Center “Institute of Immunology” of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - Stephan Kremb
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Markus Helfer
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Michael Schindler
- University Hospital Tübingen
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases
- Tübingen
- Germany
| | - Mourad Harir
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Constanze Mueller
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Norbert Hertkorn
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Nadezhda P. Avvakumova
- Samara State Medical University
- Department of General, Bioinorganic and Bioorganic Chemistry
- Samara
- Russia
| | | | - Ruth Brack-Werner
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Neuherberg
- Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry
- Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health
- Neuherberg
- Germany
- Technical University of Munich
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