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Alshammari H, Neilands J, Jeppesen CS, Almtoft KP, Andersen OZ, Stavropoulos A. Antimicrobial Potential of Strontium-Functionalized Titanium Against Bacteria Associated With Peri-Implantitis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e903. [PMID: 39031165 PMCID: PMC11258639 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the antimicrobial potential of strontium (Sr)-functionalized wafers against multiple bacteria associated with per-implant infections, in both mono- and multispecies biofilms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of silicon wafers functionalized with a strontium titanium oxygen coating (Sr-Ti-O) or covered only with Ti (controls) against several bacteria, either grown as a mono-species or multispecies biofilms, was assessed using a bacterial viability assay and a plate counting method. Mono-species biofilms were assessed after 2 and 24 h, while the antimicrobial effect on multispecies biofilms was assessed at Days 1, 3, and 6. The impact of Sr functionalization on the total percentage of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the multispecies biofilm, using qPCR, and gingipain activity was also assessed. RESULTS Sr-functionalized wafers, compared to controls, were associated with statistically significant less viable cells in both mono- and multispecies tests. The number of colony forming units (CFUs) within the biofilm was significantly less in Sr-functionalized wafers, compared to control wafers, for Staphylococcus aureus at all time points of evaluation and for Escherichia coli at Day 1. Gingipain activity was less in Sr-functionalized wafers, compared to control wafers, and the qPCR showed that P. gingivalis remained below detection levels at Sr-functionalized wafers, while it consisted of 15% of the total biofilm on control wafers at Day 6. CONCLUSION Sr functionalization displayed promising antimicrobial potential, possessing bactericidal and bacteriostatic ability against bacteria associated with peri-implantitis grown either as mono-species or mixed in a multispecies consortium with several common oral microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Alshammari
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of DentistryUniversity of HailHailSaudi Arabia
- Periodontology, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity of MalmöMalmöSweden
| | - Jessica Neilands
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity of MalmöMalmöSweden
| | | | | | - Ole Zoffmann Andersen
- Department of PeriodontologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Institute Straumann AGBaselSwitzerland
| | - Andreas Stavropoulos
- Periodontology, Faculty of OdontologyUniversity of MalmöMalmöSweden
- Department of PeriodontologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and PeriodontologyUniversity Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of PeriodontologyBlekinge HospitalKarlskronaSweden
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Marasli C, Katifelis H, Gazouli M, Lagopati N. Nano-Based Approaches in Surface Modifications of Dental Implants: A Literature Review. Molecules 2024; 29:3061. [PMID: 38999015 PMCID: PMC11243276 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Rehabilitation of fully or partially edentulous patients with dental implants represents one of the most frequently used surgical procedures. The work of Branemark, who observed that a piece of titanium embedded in rabbit bone became firmly attached and difficult to remove, introduced the concept of osseointegration and revolutionized modern dentistry. Since then, an ever-growing need for improved implant materials towards enhanced material-tissue integration has emerged. There is a strong belief that nanoscale materials will produce a superior generation of implants with high efficiency, low cost, and high volume. The aim of this review is to explore the contribution of nanomaterials in implantology. A variety of nanomaterials have been proposed as potential candidates for implant surface customization. They can have inherent antibacterial properties, provide enhanced conditions for osseointegration, or act as reservoirs for biomolecules and drugs. Titania nanotubes alone or in combination with biological agents or drugs are used for enhanced tissue integration in dental implants. Regarding immunomodulation and in order to avoid implant rejection, titania nanotubes, graphene, and biopolymers have successfully been utilized, sometimes loaded with anti-inflammatory agents and extracellular vesicles. Peri-implantitis prevention can be achieved through the inherent antibacterial properties of metal nanoparticles and chitosan or hybrid coatings bearing antibiotic substances. For improved corrosion resistance various materials have been explored. However, even though these modifications have shown promising results, future research is necessary to assess their clinical behavior in humans and proceed to widespread commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysa Marasli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.G.)
| | - Hector Katifelis
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.G.)
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.G.)
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.G.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Yu C, Yu Y, Lu Y, Quan K, Mao Z, Zheng Y, Qin L, Xia D. UiO-66/AgNPs Coating for Dental Implants in Preventing Bacterial Infections. J Dent Res 2024:220345241229646. [PMID: 38581213 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241229646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti)-based biomaterials lack inherent antimicrobial activities, and the dental plaque formed on the implant surface is one of the main risk factors for implant infections. Construction of an antibacterial surface can effectively prevent implant infections and enhance implant success. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) exhibit broad antibacterial activity and a low tendency to induce drug resistance, but AgNPs easily self-aggregate in the aqueous environment, which significantly impairs their antibacterial activity. In this study, UiO-66/AgNP (U/A) nanocomposite was prepared, where zirconium metal-organic frameworks (UiO-66) were employed as the confinement matrix to control the particle size and prevent aggregation of AgNPs. The bactericidal activity of U/A against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli increased nearly 75.51 and 484.50 times compared with individually synthesized Ag. The antibacterial mechanism can be attributed to the enhanced membrane rupture caused by the ultrafine AgNPs on UiO-66, leading to protein leakage and generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Then, U/A was loaded onto Ti substrates (Ti-U/A) by using self-assembly deposition methods to construct an antibacterial surface coating. Ti-U/A exhibited excellent antibacterial activities and desired biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo. The U/A nanocomposite coating technique is thus expected to be used as a promising surface modification strategy for Ti-based dental implants for preventing dental implant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yu
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Yu
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - K Quan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Mao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - L Qin
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - D Xia
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
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4
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Li J, Zheng Y, Yu Z, Kankala RK, Lin Q, Shi J, Chen C, Luo K, Chen A, Zhong Q. Surface-modified titanium and titanium-based alloys for improved osteogenesis: A critical review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23779. [PMID: 38223705 PMCID: PMC10784177 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
As implantable materials, titanium, and its alloys have garnered enormous interest from researchers for dental and orthopedic procedures. Despite their success in wide clinical applications, titanium, and its alloys fail to stimulate osteogenesis, resulting in poor bonding strength with surrounding bone tissue. Optimizing the surface topology and altered compositions of titanium and titanium-based alloys substantially promotes peri-implant bone regeneration. This review summarizes the utilization and importance of various osteogenesis components loaded onto titanium and its alloys. Further, different surface-modification methods and the release efficacy of loaded substances are emphasized. Finally, we summarize the article with prospects. We believe that further investigation studies must focus on identifying novel loading components, exploring various innovative, optimized surface-modification methods, and developing a sustained-release system on implant surfaces to improve peri-implant bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yaxin Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zihe Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Qianying Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jingbo Shi
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Aizheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Quan Zhong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Stomatology & Laboratory of Oral Tissue Engineering, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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5
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Abdulghafor MA, Mahmood MK, Tassery H, Tardivo D, Falguiere A, Lan R. Biomimetic Coatings in Implant Dentistry: A Quick Update. J Funct Biomater 2023; 15:15. [PMID: 38248682 PMCID: PMC10816551 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic dental implants are regarded as one of the recent clinical advancements in implant surface modification. Coatings with varying thicknesses and roughness may affect the dental implant surface's chemical inertness, cell adhesion, and antibacterial characteristics. Different surface coatings and mechanical surface changes have been studied to improve osseointegration and decrease peri-implantitis. The surface medication increases surface energy, leading to enhanced cell proliferation and growth factors, and, consequently, to a rise in the osseointegration process. This review provides a comprehensive update on the numerous biomimetic coatings used to improve the surface characteristics of dental implants and their applications in two main categories: coating to improve osseointegration, including the hydroxyapatite layer and nanocomposites, growth factors (BMPs, PDGF, FGF), and extracellular matrix (collagen, elastin, fibronectin, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronan, and other proteoglycans), and coatings for anti-bacterial performance, covering drug-coated dental implants (antibiotic, statin, and bisphosphonate), antimicrobial peptide coating (GL13K and human beta defensins), polysaccharide antibacterial coatings (natural chitosan and its coupling agents) and metal elements (silver, zinc, and copper).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Khalid Mahmood
- Faculty of Dentistry, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, EFS, ADES, 13284 Marseille, France;
- College of Dentistry, The American University of Iraq, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | | | - Delphine Tardivo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, EFS, ADES, 13284 Marseille, France;
| | - Arthur Falguiere
- Oral Surgery Department, Timone Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, APHM, 13284 Marseille, France
| | - Romain Lan
- Oral Surgery Department, Timone Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, APHM, CNRS, EFS, ADES, 13284 Marseille, France;
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6
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Arango-Santander S, Martinez C, Bedoya-Correa C, Sanchez-Garzon J, Franco J. Assessment of Polydopamine to Reduce Streptococcus mutans Adhesion to a Dental Polymer. Pathogens 2023; 12:1223. [PMID: 37887739 PMCID: PMC10609920 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial adhesion to the surface of materials is the first step in biofilm formation, which will lead to conditions that may compromise the health status of patients. Recently, polydopamine (PDA) has been proposed as an antibacterial material. Therefore, the objective of the current work was to assess and compare the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to the surface of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) discs that were modified using PDA following a biomimetic approach versus smooth PDA-coated PMMA surfaces. In addition, an assessment of the growth inhibition by PDA was performed. PMMA discs were manufactured and polished; soft lithography, using the topography from the Crocosmia aurea leaf, was used to modify their surface. PDA was used to smooth-coat PMMA discs by dip-coating. The growth inhibition was measured using an inhibition halo. The surfaces were characterized by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), the contact angle (CA), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Polydopamine exhibited a significant antibacterial effect when used directly on the S. mutans planktonic cells, but such an effect was not as strong when modifying the PMMA surfaces. These results open the possibility of using polydopamine to reduce the adhesion and growth of S. mutans, which might have important consequences in the dental field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Arango-Santander
- GIOM Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellin 055421, Colombia; (C.M.); (C.B.-C.); (J.F.)
| | - Carlos Martinez
- GIOM Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellin 055421, Colombia; (C.M.); (C.B.-C.); (J.F.)
| | - Claudia Bedoya-Correa
- GIOM Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellin 055421, Colombia; (C.M.); (C.B.-C.); (J.F.)
| | | | - John Franco
- GIOM Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellin 055421, Colombia; (C.M.); (C.B.-C.); (J.F.)
- Salud y Sostenibilidad Group, School of Microbiology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin 050010, Colombia
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7
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Mansoor A, Khurshid Z, Khan MT, Mansoor E, Butt FA, Jamal A, Palma PJ. Medical and Dental Applications of Titania Nanoparticles: An Overview. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12203670. [PMID: 36296859 PMCID: PMC9611494 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Currently, titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are successfully employed in human food, drugs, cosmetics, advanced medicine, and dentistry because of their non-cytotoxic, non-allergic, and bio-compatible nature when used in direct close contact with the human body. These NPs are the most versatile oxides as a result of their acceptable chemical stability, lower cost, strong oxidation properties, high refractive index, and enhanced aesthetics. These NPs are fabricated by conventional (physical and chemical) methods and the latest biological methods (biological, green, and biological derivatives), with their advantages and disadvantages in this epoch. The significance of TiO2 NPs as a medical material includes drug delivery release, cancer therapy, orthopedic implants, biosensors, instruments, and devices, whereas their significance as a dental biomaterial involves dentifrices, oral antibacterial disinfectants, whitening agents, and adhesives. In addition, TiO2 NPs play an important role in orthodontics (wires and brackets), endodontics (sealers and obturating materials), maxillofacial surgeries (implants and bone plates), prosthodontics (veneers, crowns, bridges, and acrylic resin dentures), and restorative dentistry (GIC and composites).
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsheen Mansoor
- Department of Dental Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44080, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Talal Khan
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan 60650, Pakistan;
| | - Emaan Mansoor
- Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Faaz Ahmad Butt
- Department of Materials Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi 74200, Pakistan;
| | - Asif Jamal
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Paulo J. Palma
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
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He F, Li J, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang L, Li Y, Chen H, Wang C, Liu B, Ma P, Dong G, Zhou P. Design of Cefotaxime Sodium-Loaded Polydopamine Coatings with Controlled Surface Roughness for Titanium Implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4751-4763. [PMID: 36191062 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The success rate of dental implants is limited by peri-implant infection and insufficient osseointegration. Therefore, reducing the occurrence of peri-implantitis and promoting osseointegration are in demand. A roughened surface has commonly been applied to improve the osseointegration of implants, but it will accelerate the attachment of bacteria. We have developed novel antibiotic-decorated titanium (Ti) surfaces by the immobilization of dopamine and cefotaxime sodium (CS) simultaneously. Moreover, the surface roughness of the polydopamine (PDA)/CS coating was controlled by the changes in polymerization times as determined by atomic force microscopy. Then, all antibiotic-grafted Ti surfaces could effectively prevent the adhesion and proliferation of both Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans in comparison to the pristine control. For the culture and osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) on the substrate surface, PDA/CS coating with polymerization times less than 30 min showed acceptable biocompatibility, but the upregulation of marker genes and proteins was detected when the polymerization time was more than 30 min. Moreover, the best calcium deposition results were found in the 30 min PDA/CS group with or without the addition of osteogenic factors. Therefore, our PDA/CS coating with a polymerization time of 30 min holds great potential to design dental implants with dual bacteriostatic and osteogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei He
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Yixi Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Chenggang Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Genxi Dong
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhou
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, No. 222 Tianshui South Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, P. R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No. 82 Cuiyingmen Street, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, P. R. China
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9
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Antibacterial Adhesion Strategy for Dental Titanium Implant Surfaces: From Mechanisms to Application. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040169. [PMID: 36278638 PMCID: PMC9589972 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are widely used to restore missing teeth because of their stability and comfort characteristics. Peri-implant infection may lead to implant failure and other profound consequences. It is believed that peri-implantitis is closely related to the formation of biofilms, which are difficult to remove once formed. Therefore, endowing titanium implants with anti-adhesion properties is an effective method to prevent peri-implant infection. Moreover, anti-adhesion strategies for titanium implant surfaces are critical steps for resisting bacterial adherence. This article reviews the process of bacterial adhesion, the material properties that may affect the process, and the anti-adhesion strategies that have been proven effective and promising in practice. This article intends to be a reference for further improvement of the antibacterial adhesion strategy in clinical application and for related research on titanium implant surfaces.
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10
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Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens and Public Health: The Antimicrobial Effect of Cyanobacterial-Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081003. [PMID: 35892392 PMCID: PMC9330853 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cyanobacteria are considered as green nano-factories. Manipulation of the size of biogenic silver nanoparticles is needed to produce particles that suit the different applications such as the use as antibacterial agents. The present study attempts to manipulate the size of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles produced by cyanobacteria and to test the different-sized nanoparticles against pathogenic clinical bacteria. Methods: Cyanothece-like. coccoid unicellular cyanobacterium was tested for its ability to biosynthesize nanosilver particles of different sizes. A stock solution of silver nitrate was prepared from which three different concentrations were added to cyanobacterial culture. UV-visible spectroscopy and FTIR were conducted to characterize the silver nanoparticles produced in the cell free filtrate. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) was performed to determine the size of the nanoparticles produced at each concentration. The antimicrobial bioassays were conducted on broad host methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Streptococcus sp., was conducted to detect the nanoparticle size that was most efficient as an antimicrobial agent. Results. The UV-Visible spectra showed excellent congruence of the plasmon peak characteristic of nanosilver at 450 nm for all three different concentrations, varying peak heights were recorded according to the concentration used. The FTIR of the three solutions revealed the absence of characteristic functional groups in the solution. All three concentrations showed spectra at 1636 and 2050–2290 nm indicating uniformity of composition. Moreover, DLS analysis revealed that the silver nanoparticles produced with lowest concentration of precursor AgNO3 had smallest size followed by those resulting from the higher precursor concentration. The nanoparticles resulting from highest concentration of precursor AgNO3 were the biggest in size and tending to agglomerate when their size was above 100 nm. The three types of differently-sized silver nanoparticles were used against two bacterial pathogenic strains with broad host range; MRSA-(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and Streptococcus sp. The three types of nanoparticles showed antimicrobial effects with the smallest nanoparticles being the most efficient in inhibiting bacterial growth. Discussion: Nanosilver particles biosynthesized by Cyanothece-like cyanobacterium can serve as antibacterial agent against pathogens including multi-drug resistant strains. The most appropriate nanoparticle size for efficient antimicrobial activity had to be identified. Hence, size-manipulation experiment was conducted to find the most effective size of nanosilver particles. This size manipulation was achieved by controlling the amount of starting precursor. Excessive precursor material resulted in the agglomeration of the silver nanoparticles to a size greater than 100 nm. Thereby decreasing their ability to penetrate into the inner vicinity of microbial cells and consequently decreasing their antibacterial potency. Conclusion: Antibacterial nanosilver particles can be biosynthesized and their size manipulated by green synthesis. The use of biogenic nanosilver particles as small as possible is recommended to obtain effective antibacterial agents.
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Haugen HJ, Makhtari S, Ahmadi S, Hussain B. The Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles Coated Titanium Implants: A Narrative Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15145025. [PMID: 35888492 PMCID: PMC9320431 DOI: 10.3390/ma15145025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has become an emerging research field with numerous biomedical scientific applications. Silver possesses bactericidal activities that have been harnessed for centuries; however, there is a concern about the toxic effects of silver nanoparticles. This paper aims to provide an overview of silver-treated dental implants and discuss their potential to reduce the prevalence of peri-implant diseases. An electronic search was performed using PubMed. After screening, data extraction was performed on the 45 remaining articles using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the articles demonstrated that silver nanoparticles embedded in a coating layer and/or on surface-treated titanium exhibit sound antibacterial effects and biocompatibility. Most of the reviewed studies revealed that silver nanoparticles on dental implant surfaces reduced cytotoxicity but provided a prolonged antibacterial effect. The cytotoxicity and antibacterial effect are closely linked to how the silver nanoparticles are released from the titanium surfaces, where a slower release increases cell viability and proliferation. However, to improve the clinical translation, there is still a need for more studies, especially evaluating the long-term systemic effects and studies recreating the conditions in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håvard J. Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway;
- Correspondence:
| | - Soukayna Makhtari
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (S.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Sara Ahmadi
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (S.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Badra Hussain
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway;
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12
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Arango-Santander S. Bioinspired Topographic Surface Modification of Biomaterials. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072383. [PMID: 35407716 PMCID: PMC8999667 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Physical surface modification is an approach that has been investigated over the last decade to reduce bacterial adhesion and improve cell attachment to biomaterials. Many techniques have been reported to modify surfaces, including the use of natural sources as inspiration to fabricate topographies on artificial surfaces. Biomimetics is a tool to take advantage of nature to solve human problems. Physical surface modification using animal and vegetal topographies as inspiration to reduce bacterial adhesion and improve cell attachment has been investigated in the last years, and the results have been very promising. However, just a few animal and plant surfaces have been used to modify the surface of biomaterials with these objectives, and only a small number of bacterial species and cell types have been tested. The purpose of this review is to present the most current results on topographic surface modification using animal and plant surfaces as inspiration to modify the surface of biomedical materials with the objective of reducing bacterial adhesion and improving cell behavior.
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13
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Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Coating of Dental Implants—Past and New Perspectives. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020235. [PMID: 35203837 PMCID: PMC8868456 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regarded as one of the best solutions to replace missing teeth in the oral cavity, dental implants have been the focus of plenty of studies and research in the past few years. Antimicrobial coatings are a promising solution to control and prevent bacterial infections that compromise the success of dental implants. In the last few years, new materials that prevent biofilm adhesion to the surface of titanium implants have been reported, ranging from improved methods to already established coating surfaces. The purpose of this review is to present the developed antimicrobial and antibiofilm coatings that may have the potential to reduce bacterial infections and improve the success rate of titanium dental implants. All referred coating surfaces showed high antimicrobial properties with effectiveness in biofilm control, while maintaining implant biocompatibility. We expect that by combining the use of oligonucleotide probes as a covering material with novel peri-implant adjuvant therapies, we will be able to avoid the downsides of other covering materials (such as antibiotic resistance), prevent bacterial infections, and raise the success rate of dental implants. The existing knowledge on the optimal coating material for dental implants is limited, and further research is needed before more definitive conclusions can be drawn.
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14
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Li Q, Chen L, Liu H, Ding M, Dong H, Mou Y. Therapeutic Applications of Antimicrobial Silver-Based Biomaterials in Dentistry. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:443-462. [PMID: 35115777 PMCID: PMC8805846 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s349238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial infection accounts for many dental diseases and treatment failure. Therefore, the antibacterial properties of dental biomaterials are of great importance to the long-term results of treatment. Silver-based biomaterials (AgBMs) have been widely researched as antimicrobial materials with high efficiency and relatively low toxicity. AgBMs have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties, including penetration of microbial cell membranes, damage to genetic material, contact killing, and dysfunction of bacterial proteins and enzymes. In particular, advances in nanotechnology have improved the application value of AgBMs. Hence, in many subspecialties of dentistry, AgBMs have been researched and employed, such as caries arresting or prevention, root canal sterilization, periodontal plaque inhibition, additives in dentures, coating of implants and anti-inflammatory material in oral and maxillofacial surgery. This paper aims to provide an overview of the application approaches of AgBMs in dentistry and present better guidance for oral antimicrobial therapy via the development of AgBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Ding
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Dong
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Santos EO, Oliveira PLE, de Mello TP, dos Santos ALS, Elias CN, Choi SH, de Castro ACR. Surface Characteristics and Microbiological Analysis of a Vat-Photopolymerization Additive-Manufacturing Dental Resin. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:425. [PMID: 35057143 PMCID: PMC8781660 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The wide application of additive manufacturing in dentistry implies the further investigation into oral micro-organism adhesion and biofilm formation on vat-photopolymerization (VP) dental resins. The surface characteristics and microbiological analysis of a VP dental resin, printed at resolutions of 50 μm (EG-50) and 100 μm (EG-100), were evaluated against an auto-polymerizing acrylic resin (CG). Samples were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope, a scanning white-light interferometer, and analyzed for Candida albicans (CA) and Streptococcus mutans (SM) biofilm, as well as antifungal and antimicrobial activity. EG-50 and EG-100 exhibited more irregular surfaces and statistically higher mean (Ra) and root-mean-square (rms) roughness (EG-50-Ra: 2.96 ± 0.32 µm; rms: 4.05 ± 0.43 µm/EG-100-Ra: 3.76 ± 0.58 µm; rms: 4.79 ± 0.74 µm) compared to the CG (Ra: 0.52 ± 0.36 µm; rms: 0.84 ± 0.54 µm) (p < 0.05). The biomass and extracellular matrix production by CA and SM and the metabolic activity of SM were significantly decreased in EG-50 and EG-100 compared to CG (p < 0.05). CA and SM growth was inhibited by the pure unpolymerized VP resin (48 h). EG-50 and EG-100 recorded a greater irregularity, higher surface roughness, and decreased CA and SM biofilm formation over the CG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ericles Otávio Santos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941617, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Pedro Lima Emmerich Oliveira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Escola Superior São Francisco de Assis, Santa Teresa 29650000, ES, Brazil;
| | - Thaís Pereira de Mello
- Laboratory for Advanced Studies of Emerging and Resistant Microorganisms, Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941902, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.d.M.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - André Luis Souza dos Santos
- Laboratory for Advanced Studies of Emerging and Resistant Microorganisms, Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941902, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.d.M.); (A.L.S.d.S.)
| | - Carlos Nelson Elias
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 22290270, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03772, Korea
| | - Amanda Cunha Regal de Castro
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941617, RJ, Brazil;
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16
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Lu H, Zhang Y, Xiong S, Zhou Y, Xiao L, Ma Y, Xiao Y, Wang X. Modulatory Role of Silver Nanoparticles and Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome-Modified Barrier Membrane on Macrophages and Osteogenesis. Front Chem 2021; 9:699802. [PMID: 34409016 PMCID: PMC8365089 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.699802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: As a wound dressing and barrier membrane, surface modification of polycaprolactone (PCL) is needed in order to achieve better biological activities. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold significant tissue regeneration promise. Silver nanoparticles (Ag) have been suggested as the surface modification technique for various medical devices. Materials and Methods: Ag and human bone marrow MSC (hBMSC)-derived exosomes (MSCs-exo) were used to modify the PCL scaffold. The impact of different scaffolds on immune cells and MSC proliferation and differentiation was further evaluated. Results: MSCs-exo exhibited cup-shaped morphology with a diameter around 100 nm. MSCs-exo were enriched with exosome marker CD81 and showed good internalization into recipient cells. 200 ng/ml Ag nanoparticles and MSCs-exo were further used to modify the PCL scaffold. The internalization study further indicated a similar releasing pattern of exosomes from Ag/MSCs-exo hybrid scaffolds into RAW264.7 and hBMSCs at 12 and 24 h, respectively. Macrophages play an important role during different stages of bone regeneration. The MTT and confocal microscopy study demonstrated no significant toxicity of exosome and/or Ag hybrid scaffolds for macrophages and MSCs. Inflammatory macrophages were further used to mimic the inflammatory environment. A mixed population of elongated and round morphology was noted in the exosome and Ag hybrid group, in which the proinflammatory genes and secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly reduced. In addition, the exosome and Ag hybrid scaffolds could significantly boost the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Discussion: This study highlights the possibility of using Ag nanoparticles and MSCs-exo to modify the PCL scaffold, thus providing new insight into the development of the novel immunomodulatory biomembrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shan Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yinghong Zhou
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lan Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yaping Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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17
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Bhattacharjee B, Ghosh S, Patra D, Haldar J. Advancements in release-active antimicrobial biomaterials: A journey from release to relief. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 14:e1745. [PMID: 34374498 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Escalating medical expenses due to infectious diseases are causing huge socioeconomic pressure on mankind globally. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has further aggravated this problem. Drug-resistant pathogens are also capable of forming thick biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces to thrive in a harsh environment. To address these clinical problems, various strategies including antibacterial agent delivering matrices and bactericidal coatings strategies have been developed. In this review, we have discussed various types of polymeric vehicles such as hydrogels, sponges/cryogels, microgels, nanogels, and meshes, which are commonly used to deliver antibiotics, metal nanoparticles, and biocides. Compositions of these polymeric matrices have been elaborately depicted by elucidating their chemical interactions and potential activity have been discussed. On the other hand, various implant/device-surface coating strategies which exploit the release-active mechanism of bacterial killing are discussed in elaboration. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinta Bhattacharjee
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, New Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreyan Ghosh
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, New Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Dipanjana Patra
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, New Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanta Haldar
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, New Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.,School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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18
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Nanoparticles in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080752. [PMID: 34451849 PMCID: PMC8398506 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have been receiving more attention in dentistry. Their advantageous physicochemical and biological properties can improve the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of numerous oral diseases, including dental caries, periodontal diseases, pulp and periapical lesions, oral candidiasis, denture stomatitis, hyposalivation, and head, neck, and oral cancer. NPs can also enhance the mechanical and microbiological properties of dental prostheses and implants and can be used to improve drug delivery through the oral mucosa. This paper reviewed studies from 2015 to 2020 and summarized the potential applications of different types of NPs in the many fields of dentistry.
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19
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Antimicrobial Properties of Strontium Functionalized Titanium Surfaces for Oral Applications, A Systematic Review. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11070810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the current scientific evidence of the antimicrobial potential of strontium (Sr) when used to functionalize titanium (Ti) for oral applications. Out of an initial list of 1081 potentially relevant publications identified in three electronic databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane) up to 1 February 2021, nine publications based on in vitro studies met the inclusion criteria. The antimicrobial potential of Sr was investigated on different types of functionalized Ti substrates, employing different application methods. Nine studies reported on the early, i.e., 6–24 h, and two studies on the late, i.e., 7–28 days, antimicrobial effect of Sr, primarily against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and/or Escherichia coli (E. coli). Sr-modified samples demonstrated relevant early antimicrobial potential against S. aureus in three studies; only one of which presented statistical significance values, while the other two presented only the percentage of antimicrobial rate and biofilm inhibition. A relevant late biofilm inhibition potential against S. aureus of 40% and 10%—after 7 and 14 days, respectively—was reported in one study. Combining Sr with other metal ions, i.e., silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), and fluorine (F), demonstrated a significant antimicrobial effect and biofilm inhibition against both S. aureus and E. coli. Sr ion release within the first 24 h was generally low, i.e., below 50 µg/L and 0.6 ppm; however, sustained Sr ion release for up to 30 days, while maintaining up to 90% of its original content, was also demonstrated. Thus, in most studies included herein, Sr-functionalized Ti showed a limited immediate (i.e., 24 h) antimicrobial effect, likely due to a low Sr ion release; however, with an adequate Sr ion release, a relevant antimicrobial effect, as well as a biofilm inhibition potential against S. aureus—but not E. coli—was observed at both early and late timepoints. Future studies should assess the antimicrobial potential of Ti functionalized with Sr against multispecies biofilms associated with peri-implantitis.
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20
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Liu Z, Liu X, Ramakrishna S. Surface engineering of biomaterials in orthopedic and dental implants: Strategies to improve osteointegration, bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2000116. [PMID: 33813785 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The success of biomedical implants in orthopedic and dental applications is usually limited due to insufficient bone-implant integration, and implant-related infections. Biointerfaces are critical in regulating their interactions and the desirable performance of biomaterials in biological environment. Surface engineering has been widely studied to realize better control of the interface interaction to further enhance the desired behavior of biomaterials. PURPOSE AND SCOPE This review aims to investigate surface coating strategies in hard tissue applications to address insufficient osteointegration and implant-related infection problems. SUMMARY We first focused on surface coatings to enhance the osteointegration and biocompatibility of implants by emphasizing calcium phosphate-related, nanoscale TiO2 -related, bioactive tantalum-based and biomolecules incorporated coatings. Different coating strategies such as plasma spraying, biomimetic deposition, electrochemical anodization and LENS are discussed. We then discussed techniques to construct anti-adhesive and bactericidal surface while emphasizing multifunctional surface coating techniques that combine potential osteointegration and antibacterial activities. The effects of nanotopography via TiO2 coatings on antibacterial performance are interesting and included. A smart bacteria-responsive titanium dioxide nanotubes coating is also attractive and elaborated. CONCLUSION Developing multifunctional surface coatings combining osteogenesis and antimicrobial activity is the current trend. Surface engineering methods are usually combined to obtain hierarchical multiscale surface structures with better biofunctionalization outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Liu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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21
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Fernandez CC, Sokolonski AR, Fonseca MS, Stanisic D, Araújo DB, Azevedo V, Portela RD, Tasic L. Applications of Silver Nanoparticles in Dentistry: Advances and Technological Innovation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2485. [PMID: 33801230 PMCID: PMC7957900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been successfully applied in several areas due to their significant antimicrobial activity against several microorganisms. In dentistry, AgNP can be applied in disinfection, prophylaxis, and prevention of infections in the oral cavity. In this work, the use of silver nanoparticles in dentistry and associated technological innovations was analyzed. The scientific literature was searched using PubMed and Scopus databases with descriptors related to the use of silver nanoparticles in dentistry, resulting in 90 open-access articles. The search for patents was restricted to the A61K code (International Patent Classification), using the same descriptors, resulting in 206 patents. The results found were ordered by dental specialties and demonstrated the incorporation of AgNPs in different areas of dentistry. In this context, the search for patents reaffirmed the growth of this technology and the dominance of the USA pharmaceutical industry over AgNPs product development. It could be concluded that nanotechnology is a promising area in dentistry with several applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Couto Fernandez
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (C.C.F.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Ana Rita Sokolonski
- Laboratory of Oral Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (A.R.S.); (D.B.A.)
| | - Maísa Santos Fonseca
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (C.C.F.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Danijela Stanisic
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil; (D.S.); (L.T.)
| | - Danilo Barral Araújo
- Laboratory of Oral Biochemistry, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (A.R.S.); (D.B.A.)
| | - Vasco Azevedo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Genetics, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo Dias Portela
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40140-100, Brazil; (C.C.F.); (M.S.F.)
| | - Ljubica Tasic
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil; (D.S.); (L.T.)
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22
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Singh I, Dhawan G, Gupta S, Kumar P. Recent Advances in a Polydopamine-Mediated Antimicrobial Adhesion System. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:607099. [PMID: 33510726 PMCID: PMC7835282 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.607099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug resistance developed by bacteria during antibiotic treatment has been a call to action for researchers and scientists across the globe, as bacteria and fungi develop ever increasing resistance to current drugs. Innovative antimicrobial/antibacterial materials and coatings to combat such infections have become a priority, as many infections are caused by indwelling implants (e.g., catheters) as well as improving postsurgical function and outcomes. Pathogenic microorganisms that can exist either in planktonic form or as biofilms in water-carrying pipelines are one of the sources responsible for causing water-borne infections. To combat this, researchers have developed nanotextured surfaces with bactericidal properties mirroring the topographical features of some natural antibacterial materials. Protein-based adhesives, secreted by marine mussels, contain a catecholic amino acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), which, in the presence of lysine amino acid, empowers with the ability to anchor them to various surfaces in both wet and saline habitats. Inspired by these features, a novel coating material derived from a catechol derivative, dopamine, known as polydopamine (PDA), has been designed and developed with the ability to adhere to almost all kinds of substrates. Looking at the immense potential of PDA, this review article offers an overview of the recent growth in the field of PDA and its derivatives, especially focusing the promising applications as antibacterial nanocoatings and discussing various antimicrobial mechanisms including reactive oxygen species-mediated antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Singh
- Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Gagan Dhawan
- Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Seema Gupta
- Acharya Narendra Dev College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
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23
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Oleshko O, Husak Y, Korniienko V, Pshenychnyi R, Varava Y, Kalinkevich O, Pisarek M, Grundsteins K, Pogorielova O, Mishchenko O, Simka W, Viter R, Pogorielov M. Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Properties of ZnO-Incorporated Anodic Oxide Coatings on TiZrNb Alloy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2401. [PMID: 33266240 PMCID: PMC7760791 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In a present paper, we demonstrate novel approach to form ceramic coatings with incorporated ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on low modulus TiZrNb alloy with enhanced biocompatibility and antibacterial parameters. Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) was used to integrate ZnO nanoparticles (average size 12-27 nm), mixed with Ca(H2PO2)2 aqueous solution into low modulus TiZrNb alloy surface. The TiZrNb alloys with integrated ZnO NPs successfully showed higher surface porosity and contact angle. XPS investigations showed presence of Ca ions and absence of phosphate ions in the PEO modified layer, what explains higher values of contact angle. Cell culture experiment (U2OS type) confirmed that the surface of as formed oxide-ZnO NPs demonstrated hydrophobic properties, what can affect primary cell attachment. Further investigations showed that Ca ions in the PEO coating stimulated proliferative activity of attached cells, resulting in competitive adhesion between cells and bacteria in clinical situation. Thus, high contact angle and integrated ZnO NPs prevent bacterial adhesion and considerably enhance the antibacterial property of TiZrNb alloys. A new anodic oxide coating with ZnO NPs could be successfully used for modification of low modulus alloys to decrease post-implantation complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Oleshko
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine; (O.O.); (Y.H.); (V.K.); (R.P.); (Y.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Yevheniia Husak
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine; (O.O.); (Y.H.); (V.K.); (R.P.); (Y.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Viktoriia Korniienko
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine; (O.O.); (Y.H.); (V.K.); (R.P.); (Y.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Roman Pshenychnyi
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine; (O.O.); (Y.H.); (V.K.); (R.P.); (Y.V.); (O.P.)
| | - Yuliia Varava
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine; (O.O.); (Y.H.); (V.K.); (R.P.); (Y.V.); (O.P.)
| | | | - Marcin Pisarek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry PAS, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Karlis Grundsteins
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Oksana Pogorielova
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine; (O.O.); (Y.H.); (V.K.); (R.P.); (Y.V.); (O.P.)
| | | | - Wojciech Simka
- NanoPrime, 39-200 Dębica, Poland;
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Roman Viter
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine; (O.O.); (Y.H.); (V.K.); (R.P.); (Y.V.); (O.P.)
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Maksym Pogorielov
- Medical Institute, Sumy State University, 40018 Sumy, Ukraine; (O.O.); (Y.H.); (V.K.); (R.P.); (Y.V.); (O.P.)
- NanoPrime, 39-200 Dębica, Poland;
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24
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Abstract
Dental implants are widely used in the field of oral restoration, but there are still problems leading to implant failures in clinical application, such as failed osseointegration, marginal bone resorption, and peri-implantitis, which restrict the success rate of dental implants and patient satisfaction. Poor osseointegration and bacterial infection are the most essential reasons resulting in implant failure. To improve the clinical outcomes of implants, many scholars devoted to modifying the surface of implants, especially to preparing different physical and chemical modifications to improve the osseointegration between alveolar bone and implant surface. Besides, the bioactive-coatings to promote the adhesion and colonization of ossteointegration-related proteins and cells also aim to improve the osseointegration. Meanwhile, improving the anti-bacterial performance of the implant surface can obstruct the adhesion and activity of bacteria, avoiding the occurrence of inflammation related to implants. Therefore, this review comprehensively investigates and summarizes the modifying or coating methods of implant surfaces, and analyzes the ossteointegration ability and anti-bacterial characteristics of emerging functional coatings in published references.
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25
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Alves-Barroco C, Rivas-García L, Fernandes AR, Baptista PV. Tackling Multidrug Resistance in Streptococci - From Novel Biotherapeutic Strategies to Nanomedicines. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:579916. [PMID: 33123110 PMCID: PMC7573253 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.579916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pyogenic streptococci group includes pathogenic species for humans and other animals and has been associated with enduring morbidity and high mortality. The main reason for the treatment failure of streptococcal infections is the increased resistance to antibiotics. In recent years, infectious diseases caused by pyogenic streptococci resistant to multiple antibiotics have been raising with a significant impact to public health and veterinary industry. The rise of antibiotic-resistant streptococci has been associated to diverse mechanisms, such as efflux pumps and modifications of the antimicrobial target. Among streptococci, antibiotic resistance emerges from previously sensitive populations as result of horizontal gene transfer or chromosomal point mutations due to excessive use of antimicrobials. Streptococci strains are also recognized as biofilm producers. The increased resistance of biofilms to antibiotics among streptococci promote persistent infection, which comprise circa 80% of microbial infections in humans. Therefore, to overcome drug resistance, new strategies, including new antibacterial and antibiofilm agents, have been studied. Interestingly, the use of systems based on nanoparticles have been applied to tackle infection and reduce the emergence of drug resistance. Herein, we present a synopsis of mechanisms associated to drug resistance in (pyogenic) streptococci and discuss some innovative strategies as alternative to conventional antibiotics, such as bacteriocins, bacteriophage, and phage lysins, and metal nanoparticles. We shall provide focused discussion on the advantages and limitations of agents considering application, efficacy and safety in the context of impact to the host and evolution of bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Alves-Barroco
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Lorenzo Rivas-García
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.,Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Pedro Viana Baptista
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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26
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Jafari S, Mahyad B, Hashemzadeh H, Janfaza S, Gholikhani T, Tayebi L. Biomedical Applications of TiO 2 Nanostructures: Recent Advances. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3447-3470. [PMID: 32523343 PMCID: PMC7234979 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s249441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanostructures are one of the most plentiful compounds that have emerged in various fields of technology such as medicine, energy and biosensing. Various TiO2 nanostructures (nanotubes [NTs] and nanowires) have been employed in photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing applications, greatly enhancing the detection of targets. TiO2 nanostructures, used as reinforced material or coatings for the bare surface of titanium implants, are excellent additive materials to compensate titanium implants deficiencies-like poor surface interaction with surrounding tissues-by providing nanoporous surfaces and hierarchical structures. These nanostructures can also be loaded by diversified drugs-like osteoporosis drugs, anticancer and antibiotics-and used as local drug delivery systems. Furthermore, TiO2 nanostructures and their derivatives are new emerging antimicrobial agents to overcome human pathogenic microorganisms. However, like all other nanomaterials, toxicity and biocompatibility of TiO2 nanostructures must be considered. This review highlights recent advances, along with the properties and numerous applications of TiO2-based nanostructure compounds in nano biosensing, medical implants, drug delivery and antibacterial fields. Moreover, in the present study, some recent advances accomplished on the pharmaceutical applications of TiO2 nanostructures, as well as its toxicity and biocompatibility, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Jafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Baharak Mahyad
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hadi Hashemzadeh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14117, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sajjad Janfaza
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14117, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Tooba Gholikhani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI53233, USA
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27
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Pranno N, La Monaca G, Polimeni A, Sarto MS, Uccelletti D, Bruni E, Cristalli MP, Cavallini D, Vozza I. Antibacterial Activity against Staphylococcus Aureus of Titanium Surfaces Coated with Graphene Nanoplatelets to Prevent Peri-Implant Diseases. An In-Vitro Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1568. [PMID: 32121336 PMCID: PMC7084449 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dental implants are one of the most commonly used ways to replace missing teeth. Nevertheless, the close contact with hard and soft oral tissues expose these devices to infectious peri-implant diseases. To prevent such infection, several surface treatments have been developed in the last few years to improve the antimicrobial properties of titanium dental implants. In this in-vitro pilot study, the antimicrobial activity of titanium surfaces coated with different types of graphene nanoplatelets are investigated. Six different colloidal suspensions of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were produced from graphite intercalated compounds, setting the temperature and duration of the thermal shock and varying the number of the exfoliation cycles. Titanium disks with sand-blasted and acid-etched surfaces were sprayed with 2 mL of colloidal GNPs suspensions. The size of the GNPs and the percentage of titanium disk surfaces coated by GNPs were evaluated through a field emission-scanning electron microscope. The antibacterial activity of the specimens against Staphylococcus aureus was estimated using a crystal violet assay. The dimension of GNPs decreased progressively after each sonication cycle. The two best mean percentages of titanium disk surfaces coated by GNPs were GNPs1050°/2 and GNPs1150°/2. The reduction of biofilm development was 14.4% in GNPs1150°/2, 20.1% in GNPs1150°/3, 30.3% in GNPs1050°/3, and 39.2% in GNPs1050°/2. The results of the study suggested that the surface treatment of titanium disks with GNPs represents a promising solution to improve the antibacterial activity of titanium implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pranno
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (A.P.); (I.V.)
| | - Gerardo La Monaca
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (A.P.); (I.V.)
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (A.P.); (I.V.)
| | - Maria Sabrina Sarto
- SNN Lab, Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-Science Laboratory, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy; (M.S.S.); (D.C.)
- DIAEE, Department of Astronautical, Electrical, Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Uccelletti
- BBCD, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy; (D.U.); (E.B.)
| | - Erika Bruni
- BBCD, Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy; (D.U.); (E.B.)
| | - Maria Paola Cristalli
- Department of Biotechnologies and Medico Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Domenico Cavallini
- SNN Lab, Sapienza Nanotechnology & Nano-Science Laboratory, Sapienza, University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy; (M.S.S.); (D.C.)
- DIAEE, Department of Astronautical, Electrical, Energy Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Vozza
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy; (N.P.); (A.P.); (I.V.)
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