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Hung SP, Liao YH, Eccleston C, Ku LJE. Developing a shortened version of the dementia knowledge assessment scale (DKAS-TC) with a sample in Taiwan: an item response theory approach. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:886. [PMID: 36418953 PMCID: PMC9682634 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03596-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 25-item Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS2) is a widely used tool for measuring knowledge of dementia. To increase the applicability of the Chinese-language version of the tool (DKAS-TC) for the general public, this study aimed to develop a shortened version using the item response theory (IRT) approach. METHODS A total of 401 participants voluntarily completed a Chinese-language version of the DKAS2 questionnaire (DKAS-TC) at the start of dementia awareness training courses in 2020 and 2021. The four Rasch family models were used to analyze the dimensionality of the shortened scale (the DKAS-s) and to confirm its accuracy in measuring dementia knowledge. RESULTS The results justified supported the use of a dichotomous response scale for responding to the DKAS-s and demonstrated good fit of the data to a Rasch model with the four dimensions of "Causes and Characteristics", "Communication and Engagement", "Care Needs", and "Risks and Health Promotion". Moreover, we shortened the DKAS-TC by selecting items that had both above-average discriminative ability and above-average information. The DKAS-s retained 64.13% of the information contained in the DKAS-TC, resulting in a 16-item scale which retained four items in each of the original four dimensions. The DKAS-s also correlated highly (≥0.95) with the DKAS-TC and exhibited a sizeable range of difficulty of dementia knowledge. CONCLUSIONS The DKAS-s is expected to be more efficient in field settings while retaining an acceptable level of psychometric properties when used as a survey instrument to measure the general public's knowledge of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Pin Hung
- grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Center of Teacher Education, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan ,grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Institute of Education, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Han Liao
- grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
| | - Claire Eccleston
- grid.1009.80000 0004 1936 826XWicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Li-Jung Elizabeth Ku
- grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No.1, University Road, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
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2
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Zipprich HM, Mendorf S, Schönenberg A, Prell T. The impact of poor medication knowledge on health-related quality of life in people with Parkinson's disease: a mediation analysis. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:1473-1482. [PMID: 34797508 PMCID: PMC9023397 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-03024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine how limited medication knowledge as one aspect of health literacy contributes to poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Demographical data, PD-specific data (MDS-Unified Parkinson's Disease-Rating Scale, Nonmotor symptom scale), and data about depressive symptoms (Beck's depression inventory), cognition (Montreal cognitive assessment), HRQoL (Short-Form Health Questionnaire-36, SF-36), and medication knowledge (names, time of taking, indication, dosage) were assessed in 193 patients with PD. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), multivariate analysis of covariance, and mediation analyses were used to study the relationship between medication knowledge and HRQoL in combination with different mediators and covariates. RESULTS Overall, 43.5% patients showed deficits in at least one of the 4 knowledge items, which was associated with higher age, number of medications per day and depression level, and poorer cognitive function, motor function, and lower education level. Using one-way MANOVA, we identified that medication knowledge significantly impacts physical functioning, social functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, and role limitations due to emotional problems. Mediation models using age, education level, and gender as covariates showed that the relationship between knowledge and SF-36 domains was fully mediated by Beck's Depression Inventory but not by Montreal Cognitive Assessment. CONCLUSIONS Patients who expressed unawareness of their medication did not necessarily have cognitive deficits; however, depressive symptoms may instead be present. This concomitant depressive symptomatology is crucial in explaining the contribution of nonadherence and decreased medication knowledge to poor quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Zipprich
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Sarah Mendorf
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Aline Schönenberg
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Tino Prell
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
- Center for Healthy Ageing, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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3
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Bucy T, Moeller K, Bowblis JR, Shippee N, Fashaw-Walters S, Winkelman T, Shippee T. Serious Mental Illness in the Nursing Home Literature: A Scoping Review. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2022; 8:23337214221101260. [PMID: 35573081 PMCID: PMC9096203 DOI: 10.1177/23337214221101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nursing homes (NH) and other institutional-based long-term care settings are not considered an appropriate place for the care of those with serious mental illness, absent other medical conditions or functional impairment that warrants skilled care. Despite policy and regulatory efforts intended to curb the unnecessary placement of people with serious mental illness (SMI) in these settings, the number of adults with SMI who receive care in NHs has continued to rise. Through a scoping review, we sought to summarize the available literature describing NH care for adults with SMI from 2000 to 2020. We found that SMI was operationalized and measured using a variety of methods and diagnoses. Most articles focused on a national sample, with the main unit of analysis being at the NH resident-level and based on analysis of secondary data sets. Understanding current evidence about the use of NHs by older adults with SMI is important to policy and practice, especially as we continue to grapple as a nation with how to provide quality care for older adults with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Bucy
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kelly Moeller
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John R Bowblis
- Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Nathan Shippee
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Tyler Winkelman
- Health, Homelessness, and Criminal Justice Lab, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tetyana Shippee
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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4
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Capuano AW, Wilson RS, Leurgans SE, Sampaio C, Farfel JM, Barnes LL, Bennett DA. Relation of Literacy and Music Literacy to Dementia in Older Black and White Brazilians. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:737-744. [PMID: 34569951 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literacy is more consistently reported than education as protective against dementia in developing regions. OBJECTIVE To study the association of verbal literacy, numeracy, and music literacy with dementia in older Black and White Brazilians with a broad spectrum of education. METHODS We studied 1,818 Black, Mixed-race, and White deceased Brazilians 65 years or older at death (mean = 79.64). Data were retrospectively obtained within 36 hours after death in a face-to-face interview with an informant, usually a family member. Dementia was classified using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. Three forms of literacy were ascertained: verbal literacy (10 questions: reading and writing), numeracy (3 questions: multiplication, percentages, and use of a calculator), and music literacy (1 question: reading music). Black (11%) and Mixed-race (23%) older adults were combined in analyses. Models adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS Dementia was identified in 531 people. Participants had 0 to 25 years of education (median = 4). More literacy was associated with lower odds of dementia (all p≤0.039). Participants that read music had about half the odds of having dementia. Participants in the highest quartile of numeracy and verbal literacy had respectively 27%and 15%lower odds of having dementia compared to the lowest quartile. Literacy was lower in Blacks (p < 0.001, except music p = 0.894) but the effect of literacy on dementia was similar (interaction p > 0.237). In secondary analyses, playing instruments without reading music was not associated with dementia (p = 0.887). CONCLUSION In a large sample of Brazilians, verbal literacy, numeracy, and music literacy were associated with lower odds of dementia. The effect was similar across races.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana W Capuano
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.,Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robert S Wilson
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sue E Leurgans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carolina Sampaio
- Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose M Farfel
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA.,Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), São Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Zipprich HM, Prell T. Difficulties in reporting purpose and dosage of prescribed medications are associated with poor cognition and depression. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251374. [PMID: 33984004 PMCID: PMC8118250 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge on prescribed medication is important for medication adherence. We determined the presence of cognitive impairment in neurological patients who report not to know reasons and dosages of their medication. Data from 350 patients were collected: sociodemographic data, German Stendal Adherence to Medication Score (SAMS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Eighty-eight (29.0%) patients did not know the reasons for taking their prescribed medication and 83 (27.4%) did not know the doses. Sixty-three (20.8%) knew neither reasons nor dosage. The latter were characterized by higher nonadherence, higher number of prescribed medication per day, lower MoCA, higher BDI, and had more often a lower education level compared with patients who knew the reasons. The MANOVA revealed a significant multivariate effect for not knowing the reasons and not knowing the dosages of medication on MoCA and BDI. Significant univariate effects for not knowing reasons were found for depressive mood, but not for cognitive performance. Significant univariate effects for not knowing dosages were found for cognitive performance, but not for depressive mood. Inaccurate medication reporting is not solely associated with cognitive problems, but also with depression, which has to be taken into account in daily practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Zipprich
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Tino Prell
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Center for Healthy Ageing, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Schmidt SL, Boechat YEM, Schmidt GJ, Nicaretta D, van Duinkerken E, Schmidt JJ. Clinical Utility of a Reaction-Time Attention Task in the Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment in Elderly with High Educational Disparity. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:691-697. [PMID: 33814451 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale is commonly used to stage cognitive impairment, despite having educational limitations. In elderly with low education, a previous study has shown that intraindividual variability of reaction time (CV) and commission errors (CE), measured using a culture-free Go/No-Go task, can reliably distinguish early Alzheimer's disease (AD) from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls. OBJECTIVE We aimed to extend the clinical utility of this culture-free Go/No-Go task in a sample with high educational disparity. METHODS One hundred and ten participants with a wide range of years of formal education (0-14 years) were randomly selected from a geriatric unit and divided based on their CDR scores into cognitively unimpaired (CDR = 0), MCI (CDR = 0.5), and early AD (CDR = 1). All underwent a 90-s reaction-time test that measured the variables previously found to predict CDR in low educated elderly. Here we added years of formal education (educational level) to the model. Multivariate analyses compared differences in group means using educational level as confounding factor. A confirmatory discriminant analyses was performed, to assess if CDR scores could be predicted by the two Go/No-Go variables in a sample with high educational disparity. RESULTS Over all three groups, differences in both CE and CV reached statistical significance (p < 0.05). The discriminant analysis demonstrated that CV and CE discriminated cognitively impaired from cognitively normal elderly. These results remained similar when discriminating MCI from cognitively unimpaired elderly. CONCLUSION The Go/No-Go task reliably discriminates elderly with MCI from elderly without cognitive impairment independent of educational disparity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio L Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yolanda Eliza Moreira Boechat
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Geriatrics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Guilherme J Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Nicaretta
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eelco van Duinkerken
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana J Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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7
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Schmidt GJ, Boechat YEM, van Duinkerken E, Schmidt JJ, Moreira TB, Nicaretta DH, Schmidt SL. Detection of Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly with a Low Educational Level Using a Reaction-Time Attention Task. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:1197-1205. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-200881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Scales for cognitive deterioration usually depend on education level. Objective: We aimed to study the clinical utility of a culture-free Go/No-Go task in a multi-ethnic cohort with low education level. Methods: Sixty-four participants with less than 4 years of formal education were included and divided on the basis of their Clinical-Dementia-Rate scores (CDR) into cognitively unimpaired (CDR = 0), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; CDR = 0.5), and early Alzheimer’s disease (AD, CDR = 1). All underwent a 90-s Continuous Visual Attention Test. This test consisted of a 90-s Go/No-go task with 72 (80%) targets and 18 (20%) non-targets. For each participant, reaction times and intraindividual variability of reaction times of all correct target responses, as well as the number of omission and commission errors were evaluated. Coefficient of variability was calculated for each participant by dividing the standard deviation of the reaction times by the mean reaction time. A MANCOVA was performed to examine between-group differences using age and sex as covariates. Discriminate analysis was performed to find the most reliable test-variable to discriminate the three groups. Results: Commission error, intraindividual variability of reaction time, and coefficient of variability progressively worsened with increasing CDR level. Discriminant analysis demonstrated that coefficient of variability was the best discriminant factor, followed by intraindividual variability of reaction time and commission error. Conclusion: The Go/No-Go task was able to discriminate people with MCI or early AD from controls in the setting of illiteracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme J. Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yolanda Eliza Moreira Boechat
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Geriatrics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Eelco van Duinkerken
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juliana J. Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tayssa B. Moreira
- Department of Geriatrics, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Denise H. Nicaretta
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio L. Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Federal University of The State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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8
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Aihara Y, Maeda K. Dementia Literacy and Willingness to Dementia Screening. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218134. [PMID: 33158014 PMCID: PMC7662832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of delayed and missed diagnoses for dementia constitutes major public concern. In this regard, inadequate knowledge and poor understanding of the condition may create a barrier to timely dementia screening. This cross-sectional study assessed dementia literacy, then identified the association between dementia literacy and willingness to undergo routine dementia screening among community-dwelling older adults in two urban areas of Japan. More specifically, structured questionnaires were distributed to a total of 854 individuals aged ≥ 65 years. A multivariate logistic regression was then used to explore the factors associated with dementia literacy and willingness to undergo routine dementia screening. Results showed that younger respondents and respondents who received dementia information from television/radio and/or paper-based sources were more likely to have high dementia literacy. While less than half of participants were willing to undergo routine dementia screening, those with higher dementia literacy were more willing to do so (albeit, not a statistically significant difference). Although there are pros and cons to routine dementia screening, it is necessary to implement such a system to detect dementia and cognitive impairment. Further, assessments should also attempt to gain information about individual beliefs and understandings related to dementia information.
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9
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Leung AYM, Molassiotis A, Zhang J, Deng R, Liu M, Van IK, Leong CSU, Leung ISH, Leung DYP, Lin X, Loke AY. Dementia Literacy in the Greater Bay Area, China: Identifying the At-Risk Population and the Preferred Types of Mass Media for Receiving Dementia Information. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2511. [PMID: 32272551 PMCID: PMC7177342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the dementia literacy of community-dwelling adults in four cities (Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Macau, and Zhuhai) of the Greater Bay Area of China, and to determine their mass media preferences for receiving dementia information. Methods: The survey was completed by 787 community-dwelling adults. Dementia literacy was indirectly measured using two validated scales-the 30-item Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale and the 20-item Dementia Attitude Scale (DAS). Participants were also asked to indicate whether they wanted to receive dementia information via digital or traditional media. Chi-square tests, logistic regressions, and MANOVA analyses were conducted. Results: Unemployed or retired people had poor attitudes towards dementia and lower levels of knowledge about dementia. Single, cohabiting, or divorced people in Hong Kong and Macau had lower DAS scores than married people. Young people and those with a secondary education preferred to get their dementia information from social media. People with a tertiary education and employed people enjoyed searching government or hospital websites for information. Middle-aged, unemployed, or retired people tended to learn about dementia from television or radio. Conclusion: It is worth educating the public about dementia and developing strategies consistent with their preferences for types of mass media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Y. M. Leung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China; (A.M.); (I.S.H.L.); (D.Y.P.L.); (A.Y.L.)
| | - Alex Molassiotis
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China; (A.M.); (I.S.H.L.); (D.Y.P.L.); (A.Y.L.)
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Community Health Services, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - June Zhang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080 China; (J.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Renli Deng
- Department of Nursing, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Zhuyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519100, China;
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macau 999078, China; (M.L.); (C.S.U.L.)
| | - Iat Kio Van
- Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Cindy Siu U Leong
- School of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macau 999078, China; (M.L.); (C.S.U.L.)
| | - Isaac S. H. Leung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China; (A.M.); (I.S.H.L.); (D.Y.P.L.); (A.Y.L.)
- Department of Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Doris Y. P. Leung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China; (A.M.); (I.S.H.L.); (D.Y.P.L.); (A.Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoling Lin
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080 China; (J.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Alice Y. Loke
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China; (A.M.); (I.S.H.L.); (D.Y.P.L.); (A.Y.L.)
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10
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Woo BKP. Dementia Literacy Issues in the Care of Chinese American Immigrants. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2019; 5:2333721419826005. [PMID: 30729150 PMCID: PMC6354290 DOI: 10.1177/2333721419826005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin K P Woo
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, CA, USA
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