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Xu J, Fan P, Yang J, Yin M, Wu J, Chen C, Ni J. Causal relationship between circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 and Parkinson's disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1333289. [PMID: 38699559 PMCID: PMC11064709 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1333289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Linear associations between circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels and Parkinson's disease (PD) have been evidenced in observational studies. Yet, the causal relationship between IGF-1 levels and PD remains obscure. We conducted Mendelian randomization to examine the correlation between genetically predicted IGF-1 levels and PD. Methods By reviewing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that are publicly accessible, we uncovered SNPs linked to both serum concentrations of IGF-1 and PD. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was carried out to evaluate the individual effect of IGF-1 on PD. Results In a primary causal effects model in MR analysis, employing the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, IGF-1 levels exhibited a notable association with the risk of PD (OR, 1.020, 95% CI, 1.003-1.038, p = 0.0215). Multiple evaluations revealed that horizontal pleiotropy was improbable to distort the main results (MR-Egger: P PD intercept =0.719), and no bias was detected by leave-one-out analysis. Conclusion This study unearthed evidence indicating that heightened IGF-1 levels might be causally correlated with an increased risk of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Peidong Fan
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital Affiliated of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiacheng Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Mingjuan Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jindong Ni
- Maternal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
- Precision Laboratory, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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2
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Cao X, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Li Y, Gao L, Wang X, Sun L. Identification of critical mitochondrial hub gene for facial nerve regeneration. Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 102:179-193. [PMID: 38086039 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in nerve regeneration, yet the impact of gene expression changes related to mitochondria in facial nerve regeneration remains unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed the expression profile of the facial motor nucleus (FMN) using data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE162977). By comparing different time points in the data, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Additionally, we collected mitochondria-related genes from the Gene Ontology (GO) database and intersected them with the DEGs, resulting in the identification of mitochondria-related DEGs (MIT-DEGs). To gain further insights, we performed functional enrichment and pathway analysis of the MIT-DEGs. To explore the interactions among these MIT-DEGs, we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using the STRING database and identified hub genes using the Degree algorithm of Cytoscape software. To validate the relevance of these genes to nerve regeneration, we established a rat facial nerve injury (FNI) model and conducted a series of experiments. Through these experiments, we confirmed three MIT-DEGs (Myc, Lyn, and Cdk1) associated with facial nerve regeneration. Our findings provide valuable insights into the transcriptional changes of mitochondria-related genes in the FMN following FNI, which can contribute to the development of new treatment strategies for FNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Cao
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Chaker SC, Saad M, Mayes T, Lineaweaver WC. Burn Injury-related Growth Factor Expressions and Their Potential Roles in Burn-related Neuropathies. J Burn Care Res 2024; 45:25-31. [PMID: 37978864 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irad184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In the context of burn injury, growth factors (GFs) play a significant role in mediating the complex local and systematic processes that occur. Among the many systemic complications that arise following a burn injury, peripheral neuropathy remains one of the most common. Despite the broad understanding of the effects GFs have on multiple tissues, their potential implications in both wound healing and neuropathy remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this review aims to investigate the expression patterns of GFs prominent during the burn wound healing process and explore the potential contributions these GFs have on the development of burn-related peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Chaker
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232USA
| | - Mariam Saad
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232USA
| | - Taylor Mayes
- Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132USA
| | - William C Lineaweaver
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232USA
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Wan T, Zhang FS, Qin MY, Jiang HR, Zhang M, Qu Y, Wang YL, Zhang PX. Growth factors: Bioactive macromolecular drugs for peripheral nerve injury treatment - Molecular mechanisms and delivery platforms. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116024. [PMID: 38113623 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive macromolecular drugs known as Growth Factors (GFs), approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), have found successful application in clinical practice. They hold significant promise for addressing peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs). Peripheral nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) loaded with GFs, in the context of tissue engineering, can ensure sustained and efficient release of these bioactive compounds. This, in turn, maintains a stable, long-term, and effective GF concentration essential for treating damaged peripheral nerves. Peripheral nerve regeneration is a complex process that entails the secretion of various GFs. Following PNI, GFs play a pivotal role in promoting nerve cell growth and survival, axon and myelin sheath regeneration, cell differentiation, and angiogenesis. They also regulate the regenerative microenvironment, stimulate plasticity changes post-nerve injury, and, consequently, expedite nerve structure and function repair. Both exogenous and endogenous GFs, including NGF, BDNF, NT-3, GDNF, IGF-1, bFGF, and VEGF, have been successfully loaded onto NGCs using techniques like physical adsorption, blend doping, chemical covalent binding, and engineered transfection. These approaches have effectively promoted the repair of peripheral nerves. Numerous studies have demonstrated similar tissue functional therapeutic outcomes compared to autologous nerve transplantation. This evidence underscores the substantial clinical application potential of GFs in the domain of peripheral nerve repair. In this article, we provide an overview of GFs in the context of peripheral nerve regeneration and drug delivery systems utilizing NGCs. Looking ahead, commercial materials for peripheral nerve repair hold the potential to facilitate the effective regeneration of damaged peripheral nerves and maintain the functionality of distant target organs through the sustained release of GFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wan
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Feng-Shi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Ming-Yu Qin
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215026, China
| | - Hao-Ran Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Pei-Xun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China; National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China; Peking University People's Hospital Qingdao Hospital, Qingdao 266000, China.
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Cao Z, Min J, Tan Q, Si K, Yang H, Xu C. Circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 and brain health: Evidence from 369,711 participants in the UK Biobank. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:140. [PMID: 37608387 PMCID: PMC10463341 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01288-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) deficiency on cognitive decline have been consistently reported in animal studies, but the relationship between IGF-1 and human brain health remains controversial. Our study aimed to investigate the associations of serum IGF-1 concentrations with some brain-related disorders and neuroimaging features. METHODS This prospective study included 369,711 participants (55.8 ± 8.1 years) from the UK biobank who had serum IGF-1 measured and were free from brain-related disorders of interest - dementia, stroke, and Parkinson's disease (PD) - at enrollment (2006-2010). Restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazards models were used to detect the associations between IGF-1 concentrations and brain-related diseases. In addition, general linear regressions were applied to explore the relationship between IGF-1 concentrations and neuroimaging features (volumes of white matter, grey matter, and hippocampus and white matter hyperintensity) among a sub-sample of 36,458 participants with magnetic resonance imaging data collected since 2014. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.6 years, a total of 4,857 dementia, 6,240 stroke, and 2,116 PD cases were documented. The dose-response analyses yielded U-shaped relationships between IGF-1 concentrations and risks of dementia and stroke (P < 0.001 for non-linearity), with the lowest risks at 18 nmol/L and 26 nmol/L, respectively. A positive linear relationship was observed between IGF-1 concentrations and risk of PD (P = 0.163 for non-linearity). Moreover, neuroimaging analyses showed that higher IGF-1 concentrations were associated with greater volumes of white matter (β = 2.98 × 10-4, P < 0.001) and hippocampus (β = 3.37 × 10-4, P = 0.002) and smaller white matter hyperintensity (β = -3.12 × 10-3, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Apart from the diverse associations with neuroimaging features, both low and high IGF-1 concentrations are associated with increased risks of dementia and stroke and higher IGF-1 concentrations are linked to a higher risk of PD, highlighting the potential of IGF-1 as a biomarker for risk stratification of brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cao
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, NO.2318, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Min
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, NO.2318, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Qilong Tan
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Keyi Si
- Department of Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, NO.2318, Yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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Kim J, Hong N, Choi J, Moon JH, Kim EH, Hong JW, Lee EJ, Kim SG, Ku CR. Sex differences in mortality in patients with acromegaly: a nationwide cohort study in Korea. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:225-234. [PMID: 37548222 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The results of previous studies on sex differences in mortality and comorbidities among patients with acromegaly are diverse. We assessed sex differences in mortality and the risk of complications in patients with acromegaly. METHODS We included 1884 patients with acromegaly with 1:50 age- and sex-matched 94 200 controls using the Korean nationwide claims database from 2009 to 2019. RESULTS During the median 5.51 years of follow-up, the acromegaly group had higher all-cause mortality than the control group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38-2.19), with higher risk in women than men (HR 2.17 vs 1.36). The most common cause of death was malignancy. Women with acromegaly aged ≥50 years exhibited significantly higher mortality than men with acromegaly aged ≥50 years (HR 1.74 vs 0.96). In a treatment subgroup other than surgery alone, women had a higher risk of mortality than men (HR 2.82 vs 1.58). Sex differences in mortality among patients with acromegaly remained equal after adjustment for the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, smoking, fasting plasma glucose, creatinine, and total cholesterol. Patients with acromegaly had elevated risks of developing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), atrial fibrillation, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), diabetes mellitus (DM), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), Parkinson's disease (PD), depression, and malignancy than age- and sex-matched controls, with a higher risk of OSA and DM in women than men. CONCLUSIONS The risk of mortality and complications in patients with acromegaly compared to age- and sex-matched controls was higher in women than in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea, 10444
- Yonsei University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
| | - Namki Hong
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
| | - Jimi Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 02841
| | - Ju Hyung Moon
- Pituitary Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
| | - Eui Hyun Kim
- Pituitary Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
| | - Jae Won Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea, 10380
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
- Pituitary Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
| | - Sin Gon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 02841
| | - Cheol Ryong Ku
- Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
- Pituitary Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
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Wang S, Hou K, Gui S, Ma Y, Wang S, Zhao S, Zhu X. Insulin-like growth factor 1 in heat stress-induced neuroinflammation: novel perspective about the neuroprotective role of chromium. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:23. [PMID: 37676529 PMCID: PMC10441889 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) can cause a series of stress responses, resulting in numerous negative effects on the body, such as the diminished food intake, carcass quality and reproductive capacity. In addition to the negative effects on the peripheral system, HS leads to central nervous system (CNS) disorders given its toll on neuroinflammation. This neuroinflammatory process is mainly mediated by microglia and astrocytes, which are involved in the activation of glial cells and the secretion of cytokines. While the regulation of inflammatory signaling has a close relationship with the expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), HS-induced neuroinflammation is closely related to the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Moreover, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are key players in the development of neuroinflammation. Chromium (Cr) has been widely shown to have neuroprotective effects in both humans and animals, despite the lack of mechanistic evidence. Evidence has shown that Cr supplementation can increase the levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a major neurotrophic factor with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This review highlights recent advances in the attenuating effects and potential mechanisms of Cr-mediated IGF-1 actions on HS-induced neuroinflammation, providing presently existing evidence supporting the neuroprotective role of Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Kanghui Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Siqi Gui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Bertagnoli LE, Seist R, Batts S, Stankovic KM. Potential Ototoxicity of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Signaling Inhibitors: An In Silico Drug Repurposing Study of the Regenerating Cochlear Neuron Transcriptome. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103485. [PMID: 37240591 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) connect cochlear hair cells with higher auditory pathways and their degeneration due to drug toxicity (ototoxicity) contributes to hearing loss. This study aimed to identify drug classes that are negatively correlated with the transcriptome of regenerating SGNs. Human orthologs of differentially expressed genes within the regenerating neonatal mouse SGN transcriptome were entered into CMap and the LINCS unified environment and perturbation-driven gene expression was analyzed. The CMap connectivity scores ranged from 100 (positive correlation) to -100 (negative correlation). Insulin-like growth factor 1/receptor (IGF-1/R) inhibitors were highly negatively correlated with the regenerating SGN transcriptome (connectivity score: -98.87). A systematic literature review of clinical trials and observational studies reporting otologic adverse events (AEs) with IGF-1/R inhibitors identified 108 reports (6141 treated patients). Overall, 16.9% of the treated patients experienced any otologic AE; the rate was highest for teprotumumab (42.9%). In a meta-analysis of two randomized placebo-controlled trials of teprotumumab, there was a significantly higher risk of hearing-related (pooled Peto OR [95% CI]: 7.95 [1.57, 40.17]) and of any otologic AEs (3.56 [1.35, 9.43]) with teprotumumab vs. a placebo, whether or not dizziness/vertigo AEs were included. These results call for close audiological monitoring during IGF-1-targeted treatment, with prompt referral to an otolaryngologist should otologic AEs develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lino E Bertagnoli
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Seist
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Shelley Batts
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Axonal Regeneration: Underlying Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123186. [PMID: 36551942 PMCID: PMC9775075 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Axons in the peripheral nervous system have the ability to repair themselves after damage, whereas axons in the central nervous system are unable to do so. A common and important characteristic of damage to the spinal cord, brain, and peripheral nerves is the disruption of axonal regrowth. Interestingly, intrinsic growth factors play a significant role in the axonal regeneration of injured nerves. Various factors such as proteomic profile, microtubule stability, ribosomal location, and signalling pathways mark a line between the central and peripheral axons' capacity for self-renewal. Unfortunately, glial scar development, myelin-associated inhibitor molecules, lack of neurotrophic factors, and inflammatory reactions are among the factors that restrict axonal regeneration. Molecular pathways such as cAMP, MAPK, JAK/STAT, ATF3/CREB, BMP/SMAD, AKT/mTORC1/p70S6K, PI3K/AKT, GSK-3β/CLASP, BDNF/Trk, Ras/ERK, integrin/FAK, RhoA/ROCK/LIMK, and POSTN/integrin are activated after nerve injury and are considered significant players in axonal regeneration. In addition to the aforementioned pathways, growth factors, microRNAs, and astrocytes are also commendable participants in regeneration. In this review, we discuss the detailed mechanism of each pathway along with key players that can be potentially valuable targets to help achieve quick axonal healing. We also identify the prospective targets that could help close knowledge gaps in the molecular pathways underlying regeneration and shed light on the creation of more powerful strategies to encourage axonal regeneration after nervous system injury.
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Androschuk AM, Tam TH, Mahou R, Lo C, Salter MW, Sefton MV. Methacrylic acid-based biomaterials promote peripheral innervation in the subcutaneous space of mice. Biomaterials 2022; 289:121764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jones EJ, Chiou S, Atherton PJ, Phillips BE, Piasecki M. Ageing and exercise-induced motor unit remodelling. J Physiol 2022; 600:1839-1849. [PMID: 35278221 PMCID: PMC9314090 DOI: 10.1113/jp281726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A motor unit (MU) comprises the neuron cell body, its corresponding axon and each of the muscle fibres it innervates. Many studies highlight age-related reductions in the number of MUs, yet the ability of a MU to undergo remodelling and to expand to rescue denervated muscle fibres is also a defining feature of MU plasticity. Remodelling of MUs involves two coordinated processes: (i) axonal sprouting and new branching growth from adjacent surviving neurons, and (ii) the formation of key structures around the neuromuscular junction to resume muscle-nerve communication. These processes rely on neurotrophins and coordinated signalling in muscle-nerve interactions. To date, several neurotrophins have attracted focus in animal models, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factors I and II. Exercise in older age has demonstrated benefits in multiple physiological systems including skeletal muscle, yet evidence suggests this may also extend to peripheral MU remodelling. There is, however, a lack of research in humans due to methodological limitations which are easily surmountable in animal models. To improve mechanistic insight of the effects of exercise on MU remodelling with advancing age, future research should focus on combining methodological approaches to explore the in vivo physiological function of the MU alongside alterations of the localised molecular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor J. Jones
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC–Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing ResearchNottingham NIHR Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Shin‐Yi Chiou
- School of SportExercise, and Rehabilitation Sciences, MRC‐Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Centre for Human Brain HealthUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Philip J. Atherton
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC–Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing ResearchNottingham NIHR Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Bethan E. Phillips
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC–Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing ResearchNottingham NIHR Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Mathew Piasecki
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing & Physiology (COMAP), MRC–Versus Arthritis Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing ResearchNottingham NIHR Biomedical Research CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Papier K, Knuppel A, Perez-Cornago A, Watts EL, Tong TYN, Schmidt JA, Allen N, Key TJ, Travis RC. Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of 25 common conditions: outcome-wide analyses in the UK Biobank study. Eur J Epidemiol 2022; 37:25-34. [PMID: 34746972 PMCID: PMC8791904 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-021-00811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While there is strong epidemiological evidence that circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is associated with a higher risk of several cancers, little is known about its association with non-cancer outcomes. We investigated associations of circulating IGF-I with risk of 25 common conditions, other than cancer, in a large British cohort. Study participants were 318,749 middle-aged adults enrolled in the UK Biobank Study. Serum IGF-I concentration was measured in samples collected at baseline (2006-2010), and re-measured in 12,334 participants after an average of 4.3 years. We followed-up participants over an average of 11.5 years by linking to hospital admissions and mortality registries. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regressions estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between circulating IGF-I and 25 common conditions, using the repeated IGF-I measurements to correct for regression dilution bias. After correction for multiple testing (P < 0.002), IGF-I was positively associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (HR per 5 nmol/l higher concentration = 1.12, 95% CI 1.08-1.16), and inversely associated with varicose veins (0.90, 0.85-0.95), cataracts (0.97, 0.95-0.99), diabetes (0.92, 0.90-0.95), and iron deficiency anaemia (0.90, 0.86-0.93). The associations for cataracts and diabetes attenuated when restricted to cases diagnosed after five or more years of follow-up, suggesting that these associations were likely affected by reverse causality. Higher IGF-I concentration might be associated with the risk for several conditions, but genetic studies are needed to clarify which associations may be causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Papier
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Anika Knuppel
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Eleanor L Watts
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Tammy Y N Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Julie A Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Naomi Allen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Timothy J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
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Assessment of lower limb peripheral nerves with ultrasound in patients with traumatic amputation. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 67:357-364. [PMID: 34870124 PMCID: PMC8606988 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2021.7926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
This study aims to assess the sciatic nerve (SN), common peroneal nerve (CPN), and tibial nerve (TN) by ultrasound in patients with traumatic lower limb amputation (LLA) and to examine the possible relationship between ultrasonographic and clinical findings.
Patients and methods
This cross-sectional study included a total of 33 male patients (mean age: 36.6±8.7 years; range, 21 to 48 years) who had LLA due to traumatic injury between May 2019 and April 2020. Amputation and prosthesis use and functional K level of activity were recorded. Ultrasound examinations were performed to measure the cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of the SN, CPN, and TN bilaterally at the same levels. The values from the normal sides were accepted as controls.
Results
The CSA values were greater on the amputated sides than the non-amputated sides for SN (p=0.001), TN (p=0.001), and CPN (p=0.015), regardless of the activity level. The amputated side SN (p=0.001), TN (p=0.001), and CPN (p=0.016) were thicker in patients with level of K4 activity than the non-amputated side. For the patients with K3 activity level, larger TN CSA values were determined on the amputated side, compared to those at the K4 level (p=0.035). The SN was found to be greater in patients using microprocessor-controlled knee prosthesis (p=0.032) and TN was larger in hypobaric sealing membrane users on the amputated sides (p=0.041).
Conclusion
The SN, CPN, and TN were found to be larger in all patients on the amputated sides and in patients with K4 activity level. Based on these findings, the K3 activity level and the use of hypobaric sealing membrane seems to affect the CSA values of TN. Additionally, the use of microprocessor knee prosthesis affects the CSA values of SN. We believe that these results may be essential for the analysis or prediction of lower extremity nerve involvement according to the K activity level and the use of prosthesis in patients with traumatic LLA.
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Kimura T, Yamada H, Teraoka M, Joko T, Iwata S, Tabata Y, Wakisaka H, Hato N. Intratympanic Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Administration Via the Otic Bulla in a Severe Facial Paralysis Model. Otol Neurotol 2021; 42:e1376-e1381. [PMID: 34224549 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS We investigated the treatment effect of intratympanic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on severe facial paralysis in guinea pigs. BACKGROUND The use of regenerative medicine involving growth factors has been reported in the treatment of peripheral nerve diseases. IGF-1 plays a crucial role in nerve regeneration. METHODS We performed the following procedures on guinea pigs. In the normal group (n = 7), no procedure was performed. In the saline (n = 7) and IGF-1 (n = 7) groups, facial paralysis was induced by freezing of the facial canal. Subsequently, in the saline and IGF-1 groups, a gelatin hydrogel impregnated with 100 μL saline and 400 μg/100 μL IGF-1, respectively, was placed in the facial canal. Facial nerve functions were evaluated using three test batteries: facial movement observation, electrophysiological testing, and histological assessment. RESULTS At 10 weeks postoperatively, the facial movement scores for the IGF-1 group were improved compared to those in the saline group. The conductive velocity was significantly faster in the IGF-1 group than in the saline group. There was a significant between-group difference in the nerve fiber number and myelin thickness. CONCLUSION Intratympanic IGF-1 administration improved facial nerve regeneration. This novel method could provide prompt ambulatory regenerative treatment and reduce the incidence of poor recovery in patients with severe facial paralysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kimura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University
| | - Hiroyuki Yamada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University
| | - Masato Teraoka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University
| | - Tomonori Joko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University
| | - Shinji Iwata
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University
| | - Yasuhiro Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Hiroyuki Wakisaka
- Laboratory of Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ehime, Japan
| | - Naohito Hato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University
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Tarnawski AS, Ahluwalia A. The Critical Role of Growth Factors in Gastric Ulcer Healing: The Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Clinical Implications. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081964. [PMID: 34440733 PMCID: PMC8392882 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of gastric ulcer healing. A gastric ulcer (GU) is a deep defect in the gastric wall penetrating through the entire mucosa and the muscularis mucosae. GU healing is a regeneration process that encompasses cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, migration, re-epithelialization, formation of granulation tissue, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, interactions between various cells and the matrix, and tissue remodeling, all resulting in scar formation. All these events are controlled by cytokines and growth factors (e.g., EGF, TGFα, IGF-1, HGF, bFGF, TGFβ, NGF, VEGF, angiopoietins) and transcription factors activated by tissue injury. These growth factors bind to their receptors and trigger cell proliferation, migration, and survival pathways through Ras, MAPK, PI3K/Akt, PLC-γ, and Rho/Rac/actin signaling. The triggers for the activation of these growth factors are tissue injury and hypoxia. EGF, its receptor, IGF-1, HGF, and COX-2 are important for epithelial cell proliferation, migration, re-epithelialization, and gastric gland reconstruction. VEGF, angiopoietins, bFGF, and NGF are crucial for blood vessel regeneration in GU scars. The serum response factor (SRF) is essential for VEGF-induced angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and blood vessel and muscle restoration. Local therapy with cDNA of human recombinant VEGF165 in combination with angiopoietin1, or with the NGF protein, dramatically accelerates GU healing and improves the quality of mucosal restoration within ulcer scars. The future directions for accelerating and improving healing include local gene and protein therapies with growth factors, their combinations, and the use of stem cells and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej S. Tarnawski
- Medical Research Service, VA Long Beach Healthcare System Long Beach, 5901 East Seventh Street, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Digestive Health Institute, The University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Correspondence: (A.S.T.); (A.A.); Tel.: +1-(562)-826-5813 (A.A.); Fax: +1-(562)-826-5675 (A.A.)
| | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- Medical Research Service, VA Long Beach Healthcare System Long Beach, 5901 East Seventh Street, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
- Correspondence: (A.S.T.); (A.A.); Tel.: +1-(562)-826-5813 (A.A.); Fax: +1-(562)-826-5675 (A.A.)
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Kishimoto I, Ohnishi H, Yamahara K, Nakagawa T, Yamashita M, Omori K, Yamamoto N. Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes the extension of Tracheal Epithelium in an in Vitro Tracheal organ culture model. Auris Nasus Larynx 2021; 48:441-450. [PMID: 33041094 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rapid epithelialization is crucial to maintain tracheal patency and prevent potential graft failure in tracheal reconstruction after tracheal resection for cancer with tracheal infiltration or tracheal stenosis. Insulin-like growth factor 1 is a liver-secreted endocrine molecule that controls cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and has been reported to promote epithelialization in several organs. Here, we utilized mouse tracheal organ cultures to examine the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on tracheal epithelialization. METHODS The trachea was resected from thirteen-week-old female ICR mice, and cut into small plate-shaped tracheal sections. First, the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Secondly, the tracheal sections were cultured for seven days in the culture medium, and the morphological change during the seven-day culture was assessed by immunohistochemistry, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the tracheal sections were cultured for 48 h with different concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (0, 0.1, 1 and 10 µg/mL) in the culture medium, and the extension length of the tracheal epithelium during culture was measured in order to assess the effect of topical IGF1 on tracheal epithelialization. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry showed that insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor was expressed in tracheal epithelium. Immunohistochemistry, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and scanning electron microscopy showed that the tracheal organ cultures were stable for at least seven days without apparent morphological damage. The effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on tracheal epithelialization was examined in plate-shaped tracheal sections cultured in medium supplemented with or without insulin-like growth factor 1 for 48 h. We also found that the epithelial edge of plate-shaped tracheal sections extended further along the surface of the tracheal section in culture medium containing insulin-like growth factor 1 compared with that in culture medium without insulin-like growth factor 1. CONCLUSION The current study using an in vitro mouse tracheal organ culture model demonstrated that topical insulin-like growth factor 1 treatment promoted the extension of tracheal epithelium, suggesting the potential utility of insulin-like growth factor 1 in aiding rapid tracheal epithelialization in patients requiring tracheal reconstruction using tissue-engineered tracheas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Kishimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroe Ohnishi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamahara
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Shizuoka City Hospital, 10-93 Ohte-machi, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-8630, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masaru Yamashita
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 420-8527, Japan
| | - Koichi Omori
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Norio Yamamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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17
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Lindborg JA, Tran NM, Chenette DM, DeLuca K, Foli Y, Kannan R, Sekine Y, Wang X, Wollan M, Kim IJ, Sanes JR, Strittmatter SM. Optic nerve regeneration screen identifies multiple genes restricting adult neural repair. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108777. [PMID: 33657370 PMCID: PMC8009559 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) trauma interrupts neural networks and, because axonal regeneration is minimal, neurological deficits persist. Repair via axonal growth is limited by extracellular inhibitors and cell-autonomous factors. Based on results from a screen in vitro, we evaluate nearly 400 genes through a large-scale in vivo regeneration screen. Suppression of 40 genes using viral-driven short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) promotes retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon regeneration after optic nerve crush (ONC), and most are validated by separate CRISPR-Cas9 editing experiments. Expression of these axon-regeneration-suppressing genes is not significantly altered by axotomy. Among regeneration-limiting genes, loss of the interleukin 22 (IL-22) cytokine allows an early, yet transient, inflammatory response in the retina after injury. Reduced IL-22 drives concurrent activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) pathways and upregulation of multiple neuron-intrinsic regeneration-associated genes (RAGs). Including IL-22, our screen identifies dozens of genes that limit CNS regeneration. Suppression of these genes in the context of axonal damage could support improved neural repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane A Lindborg
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Nicholas M Tran
- Center for Brain Science and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Devon M Chenette
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Kristin DeLuca
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Yram Foli
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Ramakrishnan Kannan
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Yuichi Sekine
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Xingxing Wang
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Marius Wollan
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - In-Jung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA
| | - Joshua R Sanes
- Center for Brain Science and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen M Strittmatter
- Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Repair, Departments of Neurology and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06536, USA.
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Jalali MS, Saki G, Farbood Y, Azandeh SS, Mansouri E, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Sarkaki A. Therapeutic effects of Wharton's jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on behaviors, EEG changes and NGF-1 in rat model of the Parkinson's disease. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 113:101921. [PMID: 33600923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human Wharton's jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (hWJ-MSCs) have shown beneficial effects in improving the dopaminergic cells in the Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, the effects of hWJ-MSCs on hyperalgesia, anxiety deficiency and Pallidal local electroencephalogram (EEG) impairment, alone and combined with L-dopa, were examined in a rat model of PD. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: 1) sham, 2) PD, 3) PD + C (Cell therapy), 4) PD + C+D (Drug), and 5) PD + D. PD was induced by injection of 6-OHDA (16 μg/2 μl into medial forebrain bundle (MFB)). PD + C group received hWJ-MSCs (1 × 106 cells, intravenous (i.v.)) twice post PD induction. PD + C+D groups received hWJ-MSCs combined with L-Dopa/Carbidopa, (10/30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)). PD + D group received L-Dopa/Carbidopa alone. Four months later, analgesia, anxiety-like behaviors, were evaluated and Pallidal local EEG was recorded. Level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was measured in the striatum and dopaminergic neurons were counted in substantia nigra (SNc). According to data, MFB-lesioned rats showed hyperalgesia in tail flick, anxiety-like symptoms in cognitive tests, impairment of electrical power of pallidal local EEG as field potential, count of dopaminergic neurons in SNc and level of IGF-1 in striatum. These complications restored significantly by MSCs treatment (p < 0.001). Our findings confirm that chronic treatment with hWJ-MSC, alone and in combination with L-Dopa, improved nociception and cognitive deficit in PD rats which may be the result of increasing IGF-1 and protect the viability of dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sadat Jalali
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Saki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Farbood
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Azandeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Sugiyama M, Ito T, Furukawa T, Hirayama A, Kakehata S. The effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on the recovery of facial nerve function in a guinea pig model of facial palsy. J Physiol Sci 2020; 70:28. [PMID: 32513097 PMCID: PMC10717557 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-020-00755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the treatment of peripheral facial nerve palsy was investigated using an animal model. The facial nerve within the temporal bone was exposed and compressed by clamping. The animals were treated with either IGF-1 or saline which was topically administered by a gelatin-based sustained-release hydrogel via an intratemporal route. The recovery from facial nerve palsy was evaluated at 8 weeks postoperatively based on eyelid closure, complete recovery rate, electroneurography and number of axons found on the facial nerve. IGF-1 treatment resulted in significant improvement in the changes of the degree of eyelid closure over the total time period and complete recovery rate. A separate study showed that IGF-1 receptor mRNA was expressed in facial nerves up to 14 days after the nerve-clamping procedure. IGF-1 was thus found to be effective in the treatment of peripheral facial nerve palsy when topically applied using a sustained-release gelatin-based hydrogel via an intratemporal route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoyasu Sugiyama
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ito
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Furukawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirayama
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiji Kakehata
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
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20
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Li J, Liu Y, Liu HQ, Chen L, Li RJ. Ketogenic Diet Potentiates Electrical Stimulation-Induced Peripheral Nerve Regeneration after Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury in Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900535. [PMID: 31914235 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Recent findings indicate that the ketogenic diet (KD) is neuroprotective and electrical stimulation (ES) can improve functional recovery from peripheral nerve injury. However, it is not clear whether KD and ES play a synergistical role in the peripheral nerve recovery following injury. METHODS AND RESULTS A KD consisting of a 3:1 ratio of fat to carbohydrate + protein is used and is coupled with ES treatment in a rat model of peripheral nerve crush injury. Neuromuscular recovery is evaluated by electromyography, and axonal regeneration and myelination by histological methods. The effects on insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF-1 receptor expression in peripheral nerve tissue, pre- and post-nerve injury, are also investigated. The combination of KD and ES synergistically increases muscle force in biceps femoris and gluteus maximus and prevents development of hypersensitivity in biceps femoris. It promotes peripheral nerve regeneration by increasing total axons, axon density, and axonal diameter, as well as myelin thickness and axon/fiber ratio. These effects are due to modulation of the IGF system as the treatment expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor in regenerated nerve tissue. CONCLUSION The results establish that KD and ES promote peripheral nerve regeneration. Patients recovering from peripheral nerve injury may benefit from this combinational approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Li
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 XinMin Street, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 XinMin Street, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Huan-Qiu Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 XinMin Street, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 XinMin Street, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Jun Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 XinMin Street, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
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Yazar U, Çakır E, Boz C, Çobanoğlu Ü, Baykal S. Electrophysiological, functional and histopathological assessments of high dose melatonin on regeneration after blunt sciatic nerve injury. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 72:370-377. [PMID: 31952974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the curative effects of high-dose (100 mg/kg) melatonin on peripheral nerve injury. Forty male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups as sham, vehicle, melatonin, and ischemia and their right sciatic nerves were exposed. The process was terminated in the sham group. In the other groups, nerve injury was induced by clip compression. The vehicle group was intraperitoneally administered ethanol 0.1 cc (melatonin solvent), while the melatonin group was intraperitoneally administered a single dose of melatonin (100 mg/kg). Following the surgery, sciatic nerve functional index (SFI) was measured using walking track analysis on days 7, 14, and 21, and latency, amplitude, and muscle action potentials (MAP) field values were measured using electroneuromyography (ENMG) on day 21. Histopathologically, edema, axonal degeneration, myelin damage, and inflammatory response were evaluated in all groups. SFI values were noted to be statistically significantly different among the vehicle, melatonin, and ischemia groups, and the melatonin group showed a faster recovery. In the ENMG evaluations, higher amplitude and field values in the melatonin group indicated that melatonin accelerated peripheral nerve recovery. Histopathologically, although fibers with loss of myelin were identified in the melatonin group, the myelin sheath was preserved in general and the axonal structure was noted to be normal. A single injection of high-dose melatonin was found to preserve myelin sheath, prevent axonal loss, and accelerate functional recovery during the nerve regeneration in peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Yazar
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Ertuğrul Çakır
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Cavit Boz
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ümit Çobanoğlu
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Baykal
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Trabzon, Turkey
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González Porto SA, Domenech N, Blanco FJ, Centeno Cortés A, Rivadulla Fernández C, Álvarez Jorge Á, Sánchez Ibáñez J, Rendal Vázquez E. Intraneural IFG-1 in Cryopreserved Nerve Isografts Increase Neural Regeneration and Functional Recovery in the Rat Sciatic Nerve. Neurosurgery 2019; 85:423-431. [PMID: 30060164 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was found to stimulate Schwann cell mitosis. Exogenous IGF-1 may improve nerve regeneration after cryopreservation. OBJECTIVE To evaulate the effect of intraneural administration of IGF-1 in cryopreserved nerve isografts. METHODS Eighteen millimeter grafts were used for bridging an 18-mm defect in the rat sciatic nerve. A total of 57 rats were randomly divided into three groups: (1) autograft (Group 1); (2) cryopreserved isograft (Group 2); (3) cryopreserved isograft with intraneural IGF-1 administration (Group 3). 12 weeks after surgery, functional recovery (Sciatic functional index [SFI], Swing speed [SS], nerve conduction velocity [NCV], amplitude of compound motor action potentials [CMAP], and gastrocnemius muscle index [GMI]) and nerve regeneration (myelin sheath area, total fiber counts, fiber density, and fiber width) were all evaluated. RESULTS The intraneural injection of IGF-1 significantly improved SFI and SS at weeks 10 and 12. There were no statistical differences between Groups 1 and 3 in any of the SFI or SS evaluations. CMAP and NCV in Group 1 were significantly higher than in Groups 2 and 3, and Group 3 had significantly higher CMAP and NCV compared to Group 2. No significant differences were found in fiber width. The number of nerve fibers, percentage of myelinated fibers, fiber density, and GMI was significantly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2, but no significant differences were found between Groups 1 and 3. CONCLUSION The results show that intraneural injection of IGF-1 in an 18 mm cryopreserved isograft improve axonal regeneration and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nieves Domenech
- Biobanco A Coruña, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), A Coruña, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación de Proteómica-PBR2-ProteoRed/ISCIII-Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alberto Centeno Cortés
- Centro Tecnológico de Formación XXIAC, Instituto de Investigacións Biomédicas de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Casto Rivadulla Fernández
- Grupo de Neurociencia e Control Motor, NEUROcom, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Fisioterapia e Medicina, Instituto de Investigacións Biomédicas de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ángel Álvarez Jorge
- Servicio de Cirugía Plástica, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jacinto Sánchez Ibáñez
- Unidad de Criobiología, Banco de Tejidos, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Esther Rendal Vázquez
- Unidad de Criobiología, Banco de Tejidos, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), Servicio Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), A Coruña, Spain
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Lopez J, Quan A, Budihardjo J, Xiang S, Wang H, Kiron Koshy, Cashman C, Lee WPA, Hoke A, Tuffaha S, Brandacher G. Growth Hormone Improves Nerve Regeneration, Muscle Re-innervation, and Functional Outcomes After Chronic Denervation Injury. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3117. [PMID: 30816300 PMCID: PMC6395714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the efficacy of systemic growth hormone (GH) therapy in ameliorating the deleterious effects of chronic denervation (CD) injury on nerve regeneration and resulting motor function. Using a forelimb CD model, 4 groups of Lewis rats were examined (n = 8 per group): Group-1 (negative control) 8 weeks of median nerve CD followed by ulnar-to-median nerve transfer; Group-2 (experimental) 8 weeks of median nerve CD followed by ulnar-to-median nerve transfer and highly purified lyophilized pituitary porcine GH treatment (0.6 mg/day); Group-3 (positive control) immediate ulnar-to-median nerve transfer without CD; Group-4 (baseline) naïve controls. All animals underwent weekly grip strength testing and were sacrificed 14 weeks following nerve transfer for histomorphometric analysis of median nerve regeneration, flexor digitorum superficialis atrophy, and neuromuscular junction reinnervation. In comparison to untreated controls, GH-treated animals demonstrated enhanced median nerve regeneration as measured by axon density (p < 0.005), axon diameter (p < 0.0001), and myelin thickness (p < 0.0001); improved muscle re-innervation (27.9% vs 38.0% NMJs re-innervated; p < 0.02); reduced muscle atrophy (1146 ± 93.19 µm2 vs 865.2 ± 48.33 µm2; p < 0.02); and greater recovery of motor function (grip strength: p < 0.001). These findings support the hypothesis that GH-therapy enhances axonal regeneration and maintains chronically-denervated muscle to thereby promote motor re-innervation and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Lopez
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy Quan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua Budihardjo
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sinan Xiang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Howard Wang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kiron Koshy
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - W P Andrew Lee
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmet Hoke
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sami Tuffaha
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Dam DHM, Paller AS. Gangliosides in Diabetic Wound Healing. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 156:229-239. [PMID: 29747815 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An organized series of complicated biological and molecular phenomena is required for normal skin wound healing. These processes depend on normal cellular responses to cytokines, growth factors, and other mediators, such as clotting factors, prostaglandins, free radicals, and nitric oxide. In diabetic ulcers, impaired responses to these molecules lead to abnormalities in vascularization, innervation, matrix reconstruction, and reepithelialization of wounds. keratinocyte migration and proliferation on an extracellular matrix is critical in reepithelialization, but the response to growth factors is blunted in diabetes, including the insulin/IGF-1signaling axis. Ganglioside GM3, a sialylated epidermal glycosphingolipid, has been identified as a key mediator of the inhibition of insulin/IGF-1 signaling in response to factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and hyperglycemia. Decreased expression of GM3 and the enzyme required for its synthesis, GM3 synthase (GM3S), leads to increased insulin/IGF-1 receptor signaling and accelerated keratinocyte migration, even in the presence of high glucose levels. GM3 depletion in GM3S knockout diabetic mice and diet-induced diabetic mice treated topically with nanoconstruct-mediated GM3S-targeting gene regulation also accelerates wound healing. These recent observations, coupled with evidence that GM3 depletion reverses distal innervation abnormalities in diabetic mice, suggest that GM3-depleting strategies are a promising new approach for human diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy S Paller
- Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.
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25
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Allbright KO, Bliley JM, Havis E, Kim D, Dibernardo GA, Grybowski D, Waldner M, James IB, Sivak WN, Rubin JP, Marra KG. Delivery of adipose‐derived stem cells in poloxamer hydrogel improves peripheral nerve regeneration. Muscle Nerve 2018; 58:251-260. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.26094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kassandra O. Allbright
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Bliley
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Emmanuelle Havis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Deok‐Yeol Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Gabriella A. Dibernardo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Damian Grybowski
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Matthias Waldner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Isaac B. James
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Wesley N. Sivak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - J. Peter Rubin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
| | - Kacey G. Marra
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh3550 Terrace Street 6B, Scaife Hall Pittsburgh Pennsylvania15261 USA
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26
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Increased cutaneous miR-let-7d expression correlates with small nerve fiber pathology in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. Pain 2017; 157:2493-2503. [PMID: 27429177 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic widespread pain condition probably comprising subgroups with different underlying pathomechanisms. There is increasing evidence for small nerve fiber impairment in subgroups of patients with FMS. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate molecular factors determining nerve de- and re-generation. We investigated whether systemic and cutaneous miRNA expression in patients with FMS is related to small nerve fiber pathology. We confirmed previous findings of disturbed small fiber function and reduced intraepidermal nerve fiber density in subgroups of patients with FMS. We found 51 aberrantly expressed miRNAs in white blood cells of patients with FMS, of which miR-let-7d correlated with reduced small nerve fiber density in patients with FMS. Furthermore, we demonstrated miR-let-7d and its downstream target insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor as being aberrantly expressed in skin of patients with FMS with small nerve fiber impairment. Our study gives further evidence of small nerve fiber pathology in FMS subgroups and provides a missing link in the pathomechanism that may lead to small fiber loss in subgroups of patients with FMS.
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27
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Zhu S, Ge J, Liu Z, Liu L, Jing D, Ran M, Wang M, Huang L, Yang Y, Huang J, Luo Z. Circadian Rhythm Influences the Promoting Role of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Rats. Front Neurol 2017; 8:101. [PMID: 28360885 PMCID: PMC5350136 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm (CR) plays a critical role in the treatment of several diseases. However, the role of CR in the treatment of peripheral nerve defects has not been studied. It is also known that the pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) can provide a beneficial microenvironment to quicken the process of nerve regeneration and to enhance the quality of reconstruction. In this study, we evaluate the impact of CR on the promoting effect of PEMF on peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. We used the self-made “collagen-chitosan” nerve conduits to bridge the 15-mm nerve gaps in Sprague-Dawley rats. Our results show that PEMF stimulation at daytime (DPEMF) has most effective outcome on nerve regeneration and rats with DPEMF treatment achieve quickly functional recovery after 12 weeks. These findings indicate that CR is an important factor that determines the promoting effect of PEMF on peripheral nerve regeneration. PEMF exposure in the daytime enhances the functional recovery of rats. Our study provides a helpful guideline for the effective use of PEMF mediations experimentally and clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jun Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, 323rd Hospital of PLA, Xi'an, China; Department of Anatomy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongyang Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, 161st Hospital of PLA , Wuhan , China
| | - Da Jing
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Mingzi Ran
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Meng Wang
- General Political Department Hospital of PLA , Beijing , China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Yafeng Yang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Jinghui Huang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , China
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28
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Huang P, Zhou Z, Shi F, Shao G, Wang R, Wang J, Wang K, Ding W. Effects of the IGF-1/PTEN/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway on male reproduction in rats subjected to water immersion and restraint stress. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5116-5124. [PMID: 27779666 PMCID: PMC5355674 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)/Akt/forkhead box (FoxO) signaling pathway on male reproduction in rats subjected to water immersion and restraint stress (WRS). Sperm morphology, sperm malformation rate, and serum testosterone concentration were analyzed following WRS. In addition, the expression levels and immunolocalization of IGF-1, PTEN, Akt and FoxO proteins, as well as the rate of cell apoptosis in rat testes, were investigated. The results indicated that sperm malformation rate, serum testosterone concentration, and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells were increased in the testes after WRS. Furthermore, IGF-1 and FoxO1 proteins were predominantly localized in the sperm cytoplasm during the late stages of spermatogenesis. FoxO1 protein was also localized in Leydig cell cytoplasm. PTEN and total Akt proteins were predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and spermatogonia. PTEN protein was also detected in vascular endothelial cells. In addition, IGF-1, PTEN, Akt1, Akt2, FoxO3 and FoxO4 gene expression levels were upregulated following WRS, and peaked after 7 h of WRS. During the recovery period, the expression levels of these genes gradually returned to normal levels. The present study demonstrated that WRS induced sperm damage in the testes. In addition, the results indicated that the IGF-1/PTEN/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway may serve an anti-stress role in the testes of rats subjected to WRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Huang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Zhengrong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P.R. China
| | - Genbao Shao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Jintian Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Kangxin Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu 212400, P.R. China
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29
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Luo TD, Alton TB, Apel PJ, Cai J, Barnwell JC, Sonntag WE, Smith TL, Li Z. Effects of age and insulin-like growth factor-1 on rat neurotrophin receptor expression after nerve injury. Muscle Nerve 2016; 54:769-75. [PMID: 26970089 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurotrophin receptors, such as p75(NTR) , direct neuronal response to injury. Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) mediates the increase in p75(NTR) during aging. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of aging and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) treatment on recovery after peripheral nerve injury. METHODS Young and aged rats underwent tibial nerve transection with either local saline or IGF-1 treatment. Neurotrophin receptor mRNA and protein expression were quantified. RESULTS Aged rats expressed elevated baseline IGF-1R (34% higher, P = 0.01) and p75(NTR) (68% higher, P < 0.01) compared with young rats. Post-injury, aged animals expressed significantly higher p75(NTR) levels (68.5% above baseline at 4 weeks). IGF-1 treatment suppressed p75(NTR) gene expression at 4 weeks (17.2% above baseline, P = 0.002) post-injury. CONCLUSIONS Local IGF-1 treatment reverses age-related declines in recovery after peripheral nerve injuries by suppressing p75(NTR) upregulation and pro-apoptotic complexes. IGF-1 may be considered a viable adjuvant therapy to current treatment modalities. Muscle Nerve 54: 769-775, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- T David Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA
| | - Timothy B Alton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA
| | - Peter J Apel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA
| | - Jiaozhong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA
| | - Jonathan C Barnwell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA
| | - William E Sonntag
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Thomas L Smith
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157, USA.
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30
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Kostereva NV, Wang Y, Fletcher DR, Unadkat JV, Schnider JT, Komatsu C, Yang Y, Stolz DB, Davis MR, Plock JA, Gorantla VS. IGF-1 and Chondroitinase ABC Augment Nerve Regeneration after Vascularized Composite Limb Allotransplantation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156149. [PMID: 27272754 PMCID: PMC4896437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired nerve regeneration and inadequate recovery of motor and sensory function following peripheral nerve repair remain the most significant hurdles to optimal functional and quality of life outcomes in vascularized tissue allotransplantation (VCA). Neurotherapeutics such as Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) and chondroitinase ABC (CH) have shown promise in augmenting or accelerating nerve regeneration in experimental models and may have potential in VCA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low dose IGF-1, CH or their combination (IGF-1+CH) on nerve regeneration following VCA. We used an allogeneic rat hind limb VCA model maintained on low-dose FK506 (tacrolimus) therapy to prevent rejection. Experimental animals received neurotherapeutics administered intra-operatively as multiple intraneural injections. The IGF-1 and IGF-1+CH groups received daily IGF-1 (intramuscular and intraneural injections). Histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate outcomes at five weeks. Overall, compared to controls, all experimental groups showed improvements in nerve and muscle (gastrocnemius) histomorphometry. The IGF-1 group demonstrated superior distal regeneration as confirmed by Schwann cell (SC) immunohistochemistry as well as some degree of extrafascicular regeneration. IGF-1 and CH effectively promote nerve regeneration after VCA as confirmed by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya V. Kostereva
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Trauma Surgery, East Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Derek R. Fletcher
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jignesh V. Unadkat
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jonas T. Schnider
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chiaki Komatsu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Donna B. Stolz
- Center for Biological Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Davis
- United States Army Institute for Surgical Research, San Antonio Military Medical Center, 3698 Chambers Road, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jan A. Plock
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Vijay S. Gorantla
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplant Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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31
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Bernhard FP, Heinzel S, Binder G, Weber K, Apel A, Roeben B, Deuschle C, Maechtel M, Heger T, Nussbaum S, Gasser T, Maetzler W, Berg D. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) in Parkinson's Disease: Potential as Trait-, Progression- and Prediction Marker and Confounding Factors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150552. [PMID: 26967642 PMCID: PMC4788352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biomarkers indicating trait, progression and prediction of pathology and symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) often lack specificity or reliability. Investigating biomarker variance between individuals and over time and the effect of confounding factors is essential for the evaluation of biomarkers in PD, such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). MATERIALS AND METHODS IGF-1 serum levels were investigated in up to 8 biannual visits in 37 PD patients and 22 healthy controls (HC) in the longitudinal MODEP study. IGF-1 baseline levels and annual changes in IGF-1 were compared between PD patients and HC while accounting for baseline disease duration (19 early stage: ≤3.5 years; 18 moderate stage: >4 years), age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and common medical factors putatively modulating IGF-1. In addition, associations of baseline IGF-1 with annual changes of motor, cognitive and depressive symptoms and medication dose were investigated. RESULTS PD patients in moderate (130±26 ng/mL; p = .004), but not early stages (115±19, p>.1), showed significantly increased baseline IGF-1 levels compared with HC (106±24 ng/mL; p = .017). Age had a significant negative correlation with IGF-1 levels in HC (r = -.47, p = .028) and no correlation in PD patients (r = -.06, p>.1). BMI was negatively correlated in the overall group (r = -.28, p = .034). The annual changes in IGF-1 did not differ significantly between groups and were not correlated with disease duration. Baseline IGF-1 levels were not associated with annual changes of clinical parameters. DISCUSSION Elevated IGF-1 in serum might differentiate between patients in moderate PD stages and HC. However, the value of serum IGF-1 as a trait-, progression- and prediction marker in PD is limited as IGF-1 showed large inter- and intraindividual variability and may be modulated by several confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix P. Bernhard
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heinzel
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Binder
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Children`s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karin Weber
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Children`s Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Anja Apel
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Roeben
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Deuschle
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Maechtel
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Heger
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Nussbaum
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research (HIH), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tuebingen, Germany
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IGF-1 as an Important Endogenous Growth Factor for Recovery from Impaired Urethral Continence Function in Rats with Simulated Childbirth Injury. J Urol 2016; 195:1927-35. [PMID: 26767520 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the functional role of endogenous IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) in the recovery phase of stress urinary incontinence induced by simulated childbirth trauma using an IGF-1 receptor inhibitor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Simulated birth trauma was induced by vaginal distension in female Sprague Dawley® rats. The IGF-1 receptor antagonist JB-1 (10 and 100 μg/kg per day) or vehicle was continuously delivered from 1 day before vaginal distension for 7 days using subcutaneous osmotic pumps. Seven, 14 and 21 days after vaginal distension the effect of JB-1 treatment was examined by functional analyses, including leak point and urethral baseline pressure, and urethral responses during passive increments in intravesical pressure, as well as molecular analyses in urethral tissues, including phosphorylation of Akt, apoptotic changes and peripheral nerve density using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS On functional analyses vehicle treated rats with vaginal distension had significantly decreased leak point and urethral baseline pressure, and urethral responses at 7 days, which recovered to the normal level 14 and 21 days after vaginal distension. In the JB-1 treated vaginal distension group leak point and urethral baseline pressure, and urethral responses were still significantly reduced 21 days after vaginal distension. On molecular analyses JB-1 treatment increased apoptotic cells, induced a significant decrease in phosphorylated Akt and prolonged the decrease of peripheral nerve density in urethral tissues. CONCLUSIONS Suppression of endogenous IGF-1 activity delayed recovery from stress urinary incontinence induced by simulated childbirth trauma in rats. Thus, IGF-1 is likely to be an important endogenous mediator for functional recovery from childbirth related stress urinary incontinence. This suggests that IGF-1 could be an effective target for treating stress urinary incontinence in women.
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Gümüs B, Kuyucu E, Erbas O, Kazimoglu C, Oltulu F, Bora OA. Effect of oxytocin administration on nerve recovery in the rat sciatic nerve damage model. J Orthop Surg Res 2015; 10:161. [PMID: 26466786 PMCID: PMC4607250 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-015-0301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growth factors such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have been shown to play a role in the healing process of nerve injury. Recent researches have also shown that oxytocin administration activates these growth factors of importance for the healing of nerve tissue. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of oxytocin on peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. Methods Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were underwent transection damage model on the right sciatic nerve and defective damage model on the left sciatic nerve. The animals were assigned to one of two groups: control group or treatment group (received 80 mg/kg oxytocin intraperitoneally for 12 weeks). The sciatic nerve was examined, both functionally (on the basis of climbing platform test) and histologically (on the basis of axon count), 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after the injury. Also, stereomicroscopic and electrophysiological evaluations were carried out. Results Significantly greater improvements in electrophysiological recordings and improved functional outcome measures were presented in the treatment group at 12-week follow-up. Stereomicroscopic examinations disclosed prominent increases in vascularization on proximal cut edges in the oxytocin group in comparison with the control group. Higher axon counts were also found in this group. Conclusion Intraperitoneal oxytocin administration resulted in accelerated functional, histological, and electrophysiological recovery after different sciatic injury models in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Gümüs
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ersin Kuyucu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. .,Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Istanbul Medipol University, TEM Avrupa Göztepe çıkışı, No: 1 Bağcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Oytun Erbas
- Department of Physiology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cemal Kazimoglu
- Department of Orthopedics, Katip Celebi University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatih Oltulu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Osman Arslan Bora
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Sasagawa Y, Tachibana O, Doai M, Tonami H, Iizuka H. Median nerve conduction studies and wrist magnetic resonance imaging in acromegalic patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Pituitary 2015; 18:695-700. [PMID: 25663441 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-015-0642-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) often occurs with acromegaly; however, the pathophysiology of CTS in acromegalic patients remains unclear. This study evaluated the median nerve in acromegalic patients with and without CTS. METHODS We examined the median nerves of 21 acromegalic patients (eight patients with CTS and 13 patients without CTS) using electrophysiological nerve conduction studies and wrist magnetic resonance images. They underwent transsphenoidal surgery to resect their growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas. The median nerves of the patients with CTS were reassessed by the same studies. RESULTS The sensory conduction velocity was significantly later in the median nerves of patients with CTS than in patients without CTS (34.9 vs. 45.8 m/s, respectively; P = 0.006). In the wrist magnetic resonance images, the cross-sectional area of the median nerve in CTS patients and non-CTS patients was 18.7 and 10.5 mm(2), respectively. The median nerve was significantly larger in patients with CTS than in patients without CTS (P < 0.003). The flattering ratio of the median nerve and palmar deviation of the flexor retinaculum were not significantly different between the two patient groups. After tumor resection, the nerve conduction velocities improved in patients with CTS, but the nerve remained enlarged. The CTS symptoms disappeared in all patients, except one. CONCLUSIONS The median nerves of acromegalic patients with CTS were enlarged and had impaired nerve conduction. This finding represents a predominant intrinsic feature in the pathophysiology of the disease rather than an extrinsic feature such as a thickened transverse carpal ligament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Sasagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan,
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Mychasiuk R, Hehar H, Ma I, Esser MJ. Dietary intake alters behavioral recovery and gene expression profiles in the brain of juvenile rats that have experienced a concussion. Front Behav Neurosci 2015; 9:17. [PMID: 25698949 PMCID: PMC4318392 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Concussion and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) research has made minimal progress diagnosing who will suffer from lingering symptomology or generating effective treatment strategies. Research demonstrates that dietary intake affects many biological systems including brain and neurological health. This study determined if exposure to a high fat diet (HFD) or caloric restriction (CR) altered post-concussion susceptibility or resiliency using a rodent model of pediatric concussion. Rats were maintained on HFD, CR, or standard diet (STD) throughout life (including the prenatal period and weaning). At postnatal day 30, male and female rats experienced a concussion or a sham injury which was followed by 17 days of testing. Prefrontal cortex and hippocampus tissue was collected for molecular profiling. Gene expression changes in BDNF, CREB, DNMT1, FGF-2, IGF1, LEP, PGC-1α, SIRT1, Tau, and TERT were analyzed with respect to injury and diet. Analysis of telomere length (TL) using peripheral skin cells and brain tissue found that TL in skin significantly correlated with TL in brain tissue and TL was affected by dietary intake and injury status. With respect to mTBI outcomes, diet was correlated with recovery as animals on the HFD often displayed poorer performance than animals on the CR diet. Molecular analysis demonstrated that diet induced epigenetic changes that can be associated with differences in individual predisposition and resiliency to post-concussion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richelle Mychasiuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Harleen Hehar
- Faculty of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Irene Ma
- Faculty of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael J Esser
- Faculty of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary Calgary, AB, Canada
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Ngangan AV, Waring JC, Cooke MT, Mandrycky CJ, McDevitt TC. Soluble factors secreted by differentiating embryonic stem cells stimulate exogenous cell proliferation and migration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:26. [PMID: 24564947 PMCID: PMC4055104 DOI: 10.1186/scrt415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stem cells are being investigated as catalysts of tissue regeneration to either directly replace or promote cellularity lost as a result of traumatic injury or degenerative disease. In many reports, despite low numbers of stably integrated cells, the transient presence of cells delivered or recruited to sites of tissue remodeling globally benefits functional recovery. Such findings have motivated the need to determine how paracrine factors secreted from transplanted cells may be capable of positively impacting endogenous repair processes and somatic cell responses. METHODS Embryonic stem cells were differentiated as embryoid bodies (EBs) in vitro and media conditioned by EBs were collected at different intervals of time. Gene and protein expression analysis of several different growth factors secreted by EBs were examined by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis, respectively, as a function of time. The proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and endothelial cells treated with EB conditioned media was examined compared with unconditioned and growth media controls. RESULTS The expression of several growth factors, including bone morphogenic protein-4, insulin-like growth factors and vascular endothelial growth factor-A, increased during the course of embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation as EBs. Conditioned media collected from EBs at different stages of differentiation stimulated proliferation and migration of both fibroblasts and endothelial cells, based on 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation and transwell assays, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results demonstrate that differentiating ESCs express increasing amounts of various growth factors over time that altogether are capable of stimulating mitogenic and motogenic activity of exogenous cell populations.
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Kim KJ, Yoo HD, Kim YH, Lee YA, Kim BJ, Jung MS, Kang HG, Lee JH, Ryu BY. Enhancement of in vitro culture efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from deer antlers. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-013-1124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Sumino Y, Yoshikawa S, Mimata H, Yoshimura N. Therapeutic Effects of IGF-1 on Stress Urinary Incontinence in Rats with Simulated Childbirth Trauma. J Urol 2014; 191:529-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.08.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Sumino
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshikawa
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hiromitsu Mimata
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Mohr R, Neckel P, Zhang Y, Stachon S, Nothelfer K, Schaeferhoff K, Obermayr F, Bonin M, Just L. Molecular and cell biological effects of 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine on progenitor cells of the enteric nervous system in vitro. Stem Cell Res 2013; 11:1191-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Targeting tumor micro-environment for design and development of novel anti-angiogenic agents arresting tumor growth. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 113:333-54. [PMID: 24139944 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis: a process of generation of new blood vessels has been proved to be necessary for sustained tumor growth and cancer progression. Inhibiting angiogenesis pathway has long been remained a significant hope for the development of novel, effective and target orientated antitumor agents arresting the tumor proliferation and metastasis. The process of neoangiogenesis as a biological process is regulated by several pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, especially vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, hypoxia inducible factor 1 and transforming growth factor. Every endothelial cell destined for vessel formation is equipped with receptors for these angiogenic peptides. Moreover, numerous other angiogenic cytokines such as platelet derived growth factor (PGDF), placenta growth factor (PGF), nerve growth factor (NGF), stem-cell factor (SCF), and interleukins-2, 4, 6 etc. These molecular players performs critical role in regulating the angiogenic switch. Couple of decade's research in molecular aspects of tumor biology has unraveled numerous structural and functional mysteries of these angiogenic peptides. In present article, a detailed update on the functional and structural peculiarities of the various angiogenic peptides is described focusing on structural opportunities made available that has potential to be used to modulate function of these angiogenic peptides in developing therapeutic agents targeting neoplastic angiogenesis. The data may be useful in the mainstream of developing novel anticancer agents targeting tumor angiogenesis. We also discuss major therapeutic agents that are currently used in angiogenesis associated therapies as well as those are subject of active research or are in clinical trials.
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Growth inhibition and compensation in response to neonatal hypoxia in rats. Pediatr Res 2013; 74:111-20. [PMID: 23842077 PMCID: PMC3737398 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2013.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia (Hx) is an important disease mechanism in prematurity, childhood asthma, and obesity. In children, Hx results in chronic inflammation. METHODS We investigated the effects of Hx (12% O2) during postnatal days 2-20 in rats. Control groups were normoxic control (Nc), and normoxic growth restricted (Gr) (14-pup litters). RESULTS The Hx-exposed and Gr rats had similar decreases in growth. Hx increased plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and decreased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. Hx resulted in hypertrophy of the right ventricle (RV) but disproportionate decrements in limb skeletal muscle (SM) growth. miR-206 was depressed in the hypertrophied RV of Hx rats but was increased in growth-retarded SM. Hx resulted in decreased RV messenger RNA (mRNA) level for myostatin but had no effect on SM myostatin. The mRNA for Hx-sensitive factors such as hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was depressed in the RV of Hx rats, suggesting negative feedback. CONCLUSION The results indicate that Hx induces a proinflammatory state that depresses growth-regulating mechanisms and that tissues critical for survival, such as the heart, can escape from this general regulatory program to sustain life. This study identifies accessible biomarkers for evaluating the impact of interventions designed to mitigate the long-term deleterious consequences of Hx that all too often occur in babies born prematurely.
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Ichim TE, Warbington T, Cristea O, Chin JL, Patel AN. Intracavernous administration of bone marrow mononuclear cells: a new method of treating erectile dysfunction? J Transl Med 2013; 11:139. [PMID: 23758954 PMCID: PMC3718667 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While PDE5 inhibitors have revolutionized treatment of ED, approximately 30% of patients are non-responsive. A significant cause of this is vascular and smooth muscle dysfunction, as well as nerve atrophy. Autologous administration of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) has been performed in over 2000 cardiac patients without adverse effects, for stimulation of angiogenesis/regeneration. Despite its ease of access, and dependence on effective vasculature for function, comparatively little has been perform in terms of BMMC therapy for ED. Here we outline the rationale for use of autologous BMMC in patients with ED, as well as provide early safety data on the first use of this procedure clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Ichim
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Huntington Beach, CA, USA.
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Kilic A, Ojo B, Rajfer RA, Konopka G, Hagg D, Jang E, Akelina Y, Mao JJ, Rosenwasser MP, Tang P. Effect of white adipose tissue flap and insulin-like growth factor-1 on nerve regeneration in rats. Microsurgery 2013; 33:367-75. [DOI: 10.1002/micr.22101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayhan Kilic
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Columbia University; New York NY
| | - Bukola Ojo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Columbia University; New York NY
| | | | - Geoffrey Konopka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Columbia University; New York NY
| | - Daniel Hagg
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory; Columbia University College of Dental Medicine; New York NY
| | - Eugene Jang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Columbia University; New York NY
| | - Yelena Akelina
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Columbia University; New York NY
| | - Jeremy J. Mao
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory; Columbia University College of Dental Medicine; New York NY
| | | | - Peter Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Columbia University; New York NY
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Huang P, Zhou Z, Wang H, Wei Q, Zhang L, Zhou X, Hutz RJ, Shi F. Effect of the IGF-1/PTEN/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway on the development and healing of water immersion and restraint stress-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Int J Mol Med 2012; 30:650-8. [PMID: 22735908 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and Akt [also known as protein kinase B (PKB)] proteins have been reported to exhibit gastroprotective effects by reducing water immersion and restraint stress (WRS)-induced gastric mucosal cellular apoptosis. To confirm whether the IGF-1/PTEN/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway is effective in protecting against gastric ulcers, our current study was conducted to examine the expression and localization of IGF-1, phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), Akt and O subfamily of forkhead box (FoxO) proteins, caspase-3 activity and the number of apoptotic cells in gastric mucosa of rats subjected to WRS. Our results demonstrated that WRS induced gastric ulcers by enhancing cell apoptosis in rat gastric mucosa. In addition, in normal rat gastric mucosa, PTEN, total Akt and FoxO1 were found mainly in the cell cytoplasm of fundic glands in the lamina propria close to the muscularis mucosa. In addition, strong staining of IGF-1, FoxO3a and FoxO4 in the gastric mucosa was primarily concentrated in the cell cytoplasm of the fundic glands in whole lamina propria. However, in rat gastric ulcers, IGF-1, total Akt, FoxO3a and FoxO4 were localized in proximity to the base of the ulcer margin and were also present in the granulation tissues of the gastric ulcers. Moreover, in the rat gastric ulcers, the mRNA transcript levels of IGF-1, PTEN, Akt-1, Akt-2, FoxO3 and FoxO4 were upregulated in the gastric ulcer margin, with a peak between Days 4 and 8 following 7 h of WRS. In conclusion, our results imply that the IGF-1/PTEN/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway plays a certain role(s) in the protection against ulceration through the regulation of cellular apoptosis as observed in the development and healing of rat gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
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Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) causes overproduction of IL-8, an angiogenic cytokine and stimulates neovascularization in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:8562-74. [PMID: 22272091 PMCID: PMC3257088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12128562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis factors are produced in response to hypoxic or ischemic insult at the site of pathology, which will cause neovascularization. Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) exerts potent proliferative, angiogenic and anti-apoptotic effects in target tissues. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of IGF-1 on circulating level of angiogenic cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8), in experimentally-induced myocardial ischemia in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, IGF-1 treated (2 μg/kg/day subcutaneously, for 5 and 10 days), isoproterenol (ISO) treated (85 mg/kg, subcutaneously for two days) and ISO with IGF-1 treated (for 5 and 10 days). Heart weight, serum IGF-1, IL-8 and cardiac marker enzymes (CK-MB and LDH) were recorded after 5 and 10 days of treatment. Histopathological analyses of the myocardium were also done. There was a significant increase in serum cardiac markers with ISO treatment indicating myocardial infarction in rats. IGF-1 level increased significantly in ISO treated groups and the level of IGF-1 was significantly higher after 10 days of treatment. IL-8 level increased significantly after ISO treatment after 5 and 10 days and IGF-1 concurrent treatment to ISO rats had significantly increased IL-8 levels. Histopathologically, myocyte necrosis and nuclear pyknosis were reduced significantly in IGF-1 treated group and there were numerous areas of capillary sprouting suggestive of neovascularization in the myocardium. Thus, IGF-1 protects the ischemic myocardium with increased production of circulating angiogenic cytokine, IL-8 and increased angiogenesis.
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Engineered insulin-like growth factor-1 for improved smooth muscle regeneration. Biomaterials 2011; 33:494-503. [PMID: 22014943 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been shown to induce potent mitogenic responses in various cell types, yet its sustained local delivery is still an underdeveloped domain in the clinic. We report here an engineered IGF-1 that facilitates extended local delivery to a site through its immobilization capacity within fibrin. Through recombinant fusion with a substrate sequence tag derived from α(2)-plasmin inhibitor (α(2)PI(1-8)), the resulting variant, α(2)PI(1-8)-IGF-1, was covalently incorporated into fibrin matrices during normal thrombin/factor XIIIa-mediated polymerization. Bioactivity of the variant was confirmed to be equivalent to wild type (WT) IGF-1 via IGF-1 receptor phosphorylation and cell proliferation studies in urinary tract-derived cells in 2-D. Assessment of functional retention within 3-D fibrin matrices demonstrated that incorporation of α(2)PI(1-8)-IGF-1 induced a 1.3- and 1.5-fold more robust proliferative response in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) than WT IGF-1 and negative control matrices, respectively, when release was not contained. Sustained α(2)PI(1-8)-IGF-1 availability at bladder lesion sites in vivo evoked a considerable increase in SMC proliferation and a favorable host tissue response after 28 days in rats. We conclude that the sustained local IGF-1 availability from fibrin provided by our variant protein enhances smooth muscle regeneration better than the WT form of the protein.
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Saceda J, Isla A, Santiago S, Morales C, Odene C, Hernández B, Deniz K. Effect of recombinant human growth hormone on peripheral nerve regeneration: Experimental work on the ulnar nerve of the rat. Neurosci Lett 2011; 504:146-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Pita-Thomas W, Nieto-Sampedro M, Maza RM, Nieto-Diaz M. Factors promoting neurite outgrowth during deer antler regeneration. J Neurosci Res 2011; 88:3034-47. [PMID: 20629188 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Every year male deers completely regenerate their antlers. During this process, antlers are reinnervated by sensory fibers, growing at the highest rate recorded for any adult mammal. Despite its clinical potential, only a few studies have dealt with this fascinating phenomenon. Among the possible factors underlying fast growth of the antler's innervation, the effects of the antler's endocrine and paracrine factors were evaluated, using an in vitro assay for sensory neurite growth. We found that soluble molecules secreted by the velvet, the modified skin that covers the antler, strongly promote neurite outgrowth. Using specific blocking antibodies, we demonstrated that nerve growth factor is partially responsible for these effects, although other unidentified molecules are also involved. On the contrary, neither endocrine serum factors nor antler substrates promoted neurite outgrowth, although antler substrata from deep velvet layers cause neurite outgrowth orientation. Taken together, our results point to the existence in the deep velvet of an environment that promotes oriented axon growth, in agreement with the distribution of the antler innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Pita-Thomas
- Experimental Neurology Unit, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Toledo, Spain.
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Lisa M, Haleagrahara N, Chakravarthi S. Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Reduces ischemic changes and increases circulating angiogenic factors in experimentally - induced myocardial infarction in rats. Vasc Cell 2011; 3:13. [PMID: 21651821 PMCID: PMC3131242 DOI: 10.1186/2045-824x-3-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease is a global health concern in the present day with limited therapies. Extensive efforts have been devoted to find molecular therapies to enhance perfusion and function of the ischemic myocardium. Aim of the present study was to look into the effects of insulin like growth factor -1 (IGF-1) on circulating angiogenic factors after myocardial ischemia in rats. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 10-days control, myocardial infarction, IGF-1 alone (2 μg/rat/day) and ISO+IGF-1 groups. Isoproterenol (ISO), a synthetic catecholamine was used to induce myocardial infarction. Serum transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were checked after 10-days of IGF-1 administration. Results There was a significant increase in heart weight after IGF-1 treatment. A significant increase in cardiac enzyme level (CK-MB and LDH) was seen in isoproterenol treated rats when compared to control group. IGF-1treatment induced a significant increase in serum angiogenic factors, IGF-1, VEGF and TGF beta levels. IGF-1 also reduced the ischemic changes in the myocardium when compared to the isoproterenol alone treated group. Conclusions In conclusion, treatment with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in myocardial infarction significantly increased circulating angiogenic growth factors like IGF-1, VEGF and TGF beta thus, protecting against myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathews Lisa
- Division of Human Biology, Faculty of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Nagaraja Haleagrahara
- Division of Human Biology, Faculty of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
| | - Srikumar Chakravarthi
- Division of Pathology, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
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Su WW, Lee KT, Yeh YT, Soon MS, Wang CL, Yu ML, Wang SN. Association of circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 with hepatocellular carcinoma: one cross-sectional correlation study. J Clin Lab Anal 2011; 24:195-200. [PMID: 20486202 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.20320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies. This study aimed to investigate the association of changes in circulating IGF-1 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The radioimmunoassay was used to analyze serum IGF-1 levels of 65 HCC patients and 165 healthy subjects. Serum IGF-1 levels were significantly decreased in the HCC patients as compared with the healthy subjects (158.46+/-105.07 vs. 247.63+/-149.96 ng/mL, P<0.001). Furthermore, insulin resistance was significantly higher in the HCC patients than the healthy subjects (P=0.027). In addition, the significant correlations of serum IGF-1 levels with age and insulin resistance in the healthy subjects were not noted in the HCC patients. Intriguingly, individuals with hepatitis C virus (HCV), not hepatitis B virus, had remarkably decreased IGF-1 levels in both groups of the HCC patients and healthy subjects. Moreover, in the HCV subgroup, serum IGF-1 levels were significantly reduced in the HCC patients than the healthy subjects (113.14+/-71.28 vs. 172.42+/-74.02 ng/mL, P=0.003). In conclusion, decreased serum IGF-1 levels were associated with HCC and the decrease was remarkably noted in those patients concomitant with chronic hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wen Su
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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