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Monterroso PS, Knight K, Roesler MA, Sample JM, Poynter JN. Remote Field Application of Digital Technology for Hearing Assessments in a Cohort of Pediatric Germ Cell Tumor Survivors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:1177-1184. [PMID: 38869488 PMCID: PMC11371521 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-24-0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer survivors treated with platinum-based chemotherapy are at risk of treatment-induced hearing loss. Accurate evaluation of hearing thresholds has historically been limited to clinical audiometry, which is logistically challenging and expensive to include in epidemiologic studies. We evaluated the feasibility of using a remote, tablet-based hearing assessment in a cohort of pediatric germ cell tumor survivors treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. METHODS Survivors from the GCT Outcomes and Late effects Data (GOLD) study were recruited to the pilot study (n = 100). Study personnel conducted remote hearing assessments of standard and extended high frequency thresholds using validated tablet-based audiometry (SHOEBOX, Inc.). T tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests evaluated differences in assessment characteristics between children and adults. Agreement between self-reported and measured hearing loss was calculated using Cohen κ. RESULTS We were able to reach 136/168 (81%) eligible participants, of which 100 (74%) agreed to participate. Successful completion of the remote hearing assessment was high [97%; 20 children (ages 7-17), 77 adults (ages 18-31)]. The mean assessment length was 37.6 minutes, and the mean turnaround time was 8.3 days. We observed hearing loss at standard frequencies in 21% of participants. Agreement between self-reported and measured hearing loss was significant (P value = 1.41 × 10-7), with 83.5% concordance. CONCLUSIONS Hearing loss measured using the remote assessment aligns with self-reporting and rates of hearing loss reported in the literature for this population. IMPACT Remote application of tablet-based audiometry is a feasible and efficacious method for measuring hearing in epidemiologic studies with participants spread across large geographic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo S Monterroso
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kristin Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Michelle A Roesler
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jeannette M Sample
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jenny N Poynter
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Kuye A, Dauda M, Ameh AO, Danladi MI, Atuman YJ, Kia GSN, Häsler B. An assessment of the operationality and factors influencing the effectiveness of rabies surveillance in Gombe State, Nigeria. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012154. [PMID: 38713728 PMCID: PMC11108123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Rabies remains a burden in Africa, disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable despite the availability of effective vaccines. Nigeria, the most populous African country, needs rapid disease control actions and commitments to achieve the goal of eliminating dog-mediated rabies by 2030. Surveillance is an essential element of effective disease control strategies. This study examined the current state of operationality of the rabies surveillance system for early case detection and management in Gombe state, Nigeria, through a One Health lens. It further examined the barriers impeding the effectiveness of the surveillance based on the perception of surveillance workers. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to assess the structure of the system and its functioning. Data on dog bite and rabid cases obtained from the veterinary services in Gombe state were analysed descriptively. A total of 13 key informants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis to explore in depth the factors that influenced the operationality of the system. A total of 157 potential human exposures to rabies were identified in this study, out of which two people reportedly died at the health facility after showing symptoms highly suggestive of rabies. In terms of rabies surveillance and control, cross-sectoral collaboration was found between the human health and veterinary sectors for risk assessment of potential rabies exposures and its management. Some identified factors affecting the operations of the surveillance were inadequate funding, lack of infrastructure, lack of feedback from higher authorities and insufficient knowledge of rabies prevention and management. To improve the capacity for case detection and management within the state, the appropriate authorities may focus on increasing awareness about the disease to the populace to increase the number of cases identified by the system, employ more workers and strengthen the surveillance capability of existing workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebanwo Kuye
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Mishel Dauda
- Regional Disease Surveillance Enhancement Project (REDISSE), Gombe State Ministry of Agriculture and Animal husbandry, Gombe, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Yakubu Joel Atuman
- Bauchi Outstation Diagnostic Laboratory, National Veterinary Research Institute, Jos Plateau State, Vom, Nigeria
| | - Grace Sabo Nok Kia
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Barbara Häsler
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
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Alahmari AA, Almuzaini Y, Alamri F, Alenzi R, Khan AA. Strengthening global health security through health early warning systems: A literature review and case study. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17 Suppl 1:85-95. [PMID: 38368245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Disease transmission is dependent on a variety of factors, including the characteristics of an event, such as crowding and shared accommodations, the potential of participants having prolonged exposure and close contact with infectious individuals, the type of activities, and the characteristics of the participants, such as their age and immunity to infectious agents [1-3]. Effective control of outbreaks of infectious diseases requires rapid diagnosis and intervention in high-risk settings. As a result, syndromic and event-based surveillance may be used to enhance the responsiveness of the surveillance system [1]. In public health, surveillance is collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data across time to inform decision-making and aid policy implementation [1]. In this review article we aimed to provide an overview of the principles, types, uses, advantages, and limitations of surveillance systems and to highlight the importance of early warning systems in response to the information received by disease surveillance. The study conducted a comprehensive literature search using several databases, selecting, and reviewing 78 articles that covered different types of surveillance systems, their applications, and their impact on controlling infectious diseases. The article also presents a case study from the Hajj gathering, which highlighted the development, evaluation, and impact of early warning systems on response to the information received by disease surveillance. The study concludes that ongoing disease surveillance should be accompanied by well-designed early warning and response systems, and continuous efforts should be invested in evaluating and validating these systems to minimize the risk of reporting delays and reducing the risk of outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Alahmari
- Global Center of Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yasir Almuzaini
- Global Center of Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alamri
- Global Center of Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anas A Khan
- Global Center of Mass Gatherings Medicine, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Naderi M, Khoshdel AR, Sharififar S, Moghaddam AD, Zareiyan A. Respond quickly and effectively! Components of the military health surveillance system in natural disasters: A qualitative study. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:383. [PMID: 38333165 PMCID: PMC10852165 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1592_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data by health surveillance systems provide timely and comprehensive surveillance of public health, identification health priorities, and, consequently, a quick and timely response to reduce damage during natural disasters. Since military forces appear as first responders at the scene of accidents, the present study aimed to identify the components of the military health care system during natural disasters. MATERIALS AND METHOD Qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews were analyzed via the conventional content analysis approach to identify the components of the military health care system in natural disasters. The participants consisted of 13 experts who were experienced in providing health services in the military and the civilian health care system during natural disasters in January 2022 to June 2022. RESULT The identified components were classified into four main categories, namely, pre-requisite components (comprehensive health care, defined position, and providing information), driving components (system efficiency, effective communication), operational components (contingent performance, effective response), and promotional components (purposeful support, pre-disaster preparation). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the military health surveillance system is a cooperative service for the national health system in which data is essential for making decisions on health and treatment measures during disasters. This study-by identifying four categories of the important components in the design, implementation, and development of the military health surveillance system-provides a comprehensive view of an appropriate and evidence-based military surveillance system in disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Naderi
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Nursing Faculty, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Simintaj Sharififar
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arasb Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Zareiyan
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Nursing Faculty, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Thompson V, Shirinde J, Mbonane TP. Knowledge, attitude and practices on notifiable diseases among environmental health practitioners in the City of Johannesburg: A cross-sectional study. Health SA 2022; 27:1980. [PMID: 36570093 PMCID: PMC9772748 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Notifiable diseases, a public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries, require mandatory reporting and play a significant role in disease prevention and control. Environmental health practitioners are responsible for reporting and investigating notifiable diseases. Aim The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices on notifiable diseases among environmental health practitioners within a metropolitan municipality. Setting The study was conducted in the seven regions of the City of Johannesburg in Gauteng province, South Africa. Methods A cross-sectional and descriptive study was used. One hundred and thirty-five participants were randomly sampled. The data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed using version 27 of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. All ethical considerations such as permissions, ethical clearance and informed consent were observed throughout the study. Results The majority of participants (n = 64; 47.4%) were aged between 30 and 39 years and had a BTech/Honours degree (n = 106; 78.5%). A total of 106 (78.5%) participants had received formal training, while 83.7% (n = 113) of the participants understood notifiable diseases. Years of experience had a significant negative correlation with the 'need to report notifiable diseases' (r = -0.193; p = 0.025). Conclusion The results could facilitate a knowledge improvement programme that includes a structured training programme and standard operating procedures. The study results cannot be generalised to the whole country; hence, the recommendation of a national survey on similar phenomena should be considered. Contribution The study findings could assist in improving the role of environmental health services in reporting and investigating notifiable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velisha Thompson
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Joyce Shirinde
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Tshwane, South Africa
| | - Thokozani P. Mbonane
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Youssef D, Yaghi A, Jouny A, Abou-Abbas L, Chammaa H, Ghosn N. Converting the existing disease surveillance from a paper-based to an electronic-based system using district health information system (DHIS-2) for real-time information: the Lebanese experience. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:395. [PMID: 35337327 PMCID: PMC8957192 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Ministry of Public Health in Lebanon is in the process of converting the surveillance reporting from a cumbersome paper-based system to a web-based electronic platform (DHIS-2) to have real-time information for early detection of alerts and outbreaks and for initiating a prompt response. OBJECTIVES This paper aimed to document the Lebanese experience in implementing DHIS-2 for the disease surveillance system. It also targets to assess the improvement of reporting rates and timeliness of the reported data and to disclose the encountered challenges and opportunities. METHODOLOGY This is a retrospective description of processes involved in the implementation of the DHIS-2 tool in Lebanon. Initially, it was piloted for the school-based surveillance in 2014; then its use was extended in May 2017 to cover other specific surveillance systems. This included all surveillance programs collecting aggregate data from hospitals, medical centers, dispensaries, or laboratories at the first stage. As part of the national roll-out process, the online application was developed. The customized aggregated-based datasets, organization units, user accounts, specific and generic dashboards were generated. More than 80 training sessions were conducted throughout the country targeting 1290 end-users including health officers at the national and provincial levels, focal persons who were working in all public and private hospitals, laboratories, and medical centers as well. Completeness and timeliness of reported data were compared before and after the implementation of DHIS-2. The unveiled challenges and the main lessons learned during the roll-out process were discussed. RESULTS For laboratory-based surveillance, completeness of reporting increased from 70.8% in May to 89.6% in October. Timeliness has improved from 25 to 74%. For medical centers, an improvement of 8.1% for completeness and 9.4% in timeliness was recorded before and after training sessions. For zero reporting, completeness remains the same (88%) and timeliness has improved from 74 to 87%. The main challenges faced during the implementation of DHIS-2 were mainly infrastructural and system-related in addition to poor internet connectivity, limited workforce, and frequent changes to DHIS-2 versions. CONCLUSION Implementation of DHIS-2 improved timeliness and completeness for aggregated data reporting. Continued on-site support, monitoring, and system enhancement are needed to improve the performance of DHIS-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalal Youssef
- Epidemiological Surveillance Program, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Clinical Trial Program, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ayat Yaghi
- Epidemiological Surveillance Program, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abbas Jouny
- Epidemiological Surveillance Program, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Linda Abou-Abbas
- Epidemiological Surveillance Program, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Houssam Chammaa
- World Health Organization, Lebanon country office, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nada Ghosn
- Epidemiological Surveillance Program, Ministry of Public Health, Beirut, Lebanon
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Akpan GU, Bello IM, Mohamed HF, Touray K, Kipterer J, Ngofa R, Oyaole DR, Atagbaza A, Ticha JM, Manengu C, Chikwanda C, Nshuti MB, Omoleke S, Oviaesu D, Diallo M, Ndoutabe M, Seaman V, Mkanda P. The digitization of Active Surveillance: An insight-based evaluation of Interactive visualization of active case search for Polio surveillance to support decision making in Africa (Preprint). JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022. [DOI: 10.2196/37450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Spread of Epidemic Disease on Edge-Weighted Graphs from a Database: A Case Study of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094432. [PMID: 33921934 PMCID: PMC8122399 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of infectious diseases is a priority in the field of public health. This has generated the inclusion of several disciplines and tools that allow for analyzing the dissemination of infectious diseases. The aim of this manuscript is to model the spreading of a disease in a population that is registered in a database. From this database, we obtain an edge-weighted graph. The spreading was modeled with the classic SIR model. The model proposed with edge-weighted graph allows for identifying the most important variables in the dissemination of epidemics. Moreover, a deterministic approximation is provided. With database COVID-19 from a city in Chile, we analyzed our model with relationship variables between people. We obtained a graph with 3866 vertices and 6,841,470 edges. We fitted the curve of the real data and we have done some simulations on the obtained graph. Our model is adjusted to the spread of the disease. The model proposed with edge-weighted graph allows for identifying the most important variables in the dissemination of epidemics, in this case with real data of COVID-19. This valuable information allows us to also include/understand the networks of dissemination of epidemics diseases as well as the implementation of preventive measures of public health. These findings are important in COVID-19's pandemic context.
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Bartlow AW, Middlebrook EA, Romero AT, Fair JM. How Cooperative Engagement Programs Strengthen Sequencing Capabilities for Biosurveillance and Outbreak Response. Front Public Health 2021; 9:648424. [PMID: 33732679 PMCID: PMC7956948 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.648424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The threat of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases continues to be a challenge to public and global health security. Cooperative biological engagement programs act to build partnerships and collaborations between scientists and health professionals to strengthen capabilities in biosurveillance. Biosurveillance is the systematic process of detecting, reporting, and responding to especially dangerous pathogens and pathogens of pandemic potential before they become outbreaks, epidemics, and pandemics. One important tool in biosurveillance is next generation sequencing. Expensive sequencing machines, reagents, and supplies make it difficult for countries to adopt this technology. Cooperative engagement programs help by providing funding for technical assistance to strengthen sequencing capabilities. Through workshops and training, countries are able to learn sequencing and bioinformatics, and implement these tools in their biosurveillance programs. Cooperative programs have an important role in building and sustaining collaborations among institutions and countries. One of the most important pieces in fostering these collaborations is trust. Trust provides the confidence that a successful collaboration will benefit all parties involved. With sequencing, this enables the sharing of pathogen samples and sequences. Obtaining global sequencing data helps to identify unknown etiological agents, track pathogen evolution and infer transmission networks throughout the duration of a pandemic. Having sequencing technology in place for biosurveillance generates the capacity to provide real-time data to understand and respond to pandemics. We highlight the need for these programs to continue to strengthen sequencing in biosurveillance. By working together to strengthen sequencing capabilities, trust can be formed, benefitting global health in the face of biological threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W. Bartlow
- Biosecurity and Public Health, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
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Morris SR, Natori Y, Salguero D, Mantero A, Ma R, de Lima Corvino DF, Fernandez A, Lazo A, Vu CA, Bjork L, Serota D, Quevedo J, Vega A, Maxam M, DeRonde K, Barreiro P, Raccamarich P, Alvarez MR, Skiada D, Balan S, Ramanathan M, Holt G, Gonzales-Zamora J, Baracco GJ, Doblecki-Lewis S, Abbo LM, Lichtenberger PN, Alcaide ML. Development of a Standardized Data Collection Tool for Evaluation and Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa320. [PMID: 32959015 PMCID: PMC7454902 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 ) is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease that had not been previously described and for which clinicians need to rapidly adapt their daily practice. The novelty of SARS-CoV-2 produced significant gaps in harmonization of definitions, data collection, and outcome reporting to identify patients who would benefit from potential interventions. METHODS We describe a multicenter collaboration to develop a comprehensive data collection tool for the evaluation and management of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients. The proposed tool was developed by a multidisciplinary working group of infectious disease physicians, intensivists, and infectious diseases/antimicrobial stewardship pharmacists. The working group regularly reviewed literature to select important patient characteristics, diagnostics, and outcomes for inclusion. The data collection tool consisted of spreadsheets developed to collect data from the electronic medical record and track the clinical course after treatments. RESULTS Data collection focused on demographics and exposure epidemiology, prior medical history and medications, signs and symptoms, diagnostic test results, interventions, clinical outcomes, and complications. During the pilot validation phase, there was <10% missing data for most domains and components. Team members noted improved efficiency and decision making by using the tool during interdisciplinary rounds. CONCLUSIONS We present the development of a COVID-19 data collection tool and propose its use to effectively assemble harmonized data of hospitalized individuals with COVID-19. This tool can be used by clinicians, researchers, and quality improvement healthcare teams. It has the potential to facilitate interdisciplinary rounds, provide comparisons across different hospitalized populations, and adapt to emerging challenges posed by the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Morris
- Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yoichiro Natori
- Miami Transplant Institute, Jackson Health System, Division of infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Douglas Salguero
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Alejandro Mantero
- University of Miami, Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ruixuan Ma
- University of Miami, Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Anmary Fernandez
- Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Alex Lazo
- Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Christine A Vu
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lauren Bjork
- Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Pharmacy, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - David Serota
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jennifer Quevedo
- University of Miami Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ana Vega
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Meshell Maxam
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kailynn DeRonde
- Jackson Memorial Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Pablo Barreiro
- Hospital Carlos III—La Paz, Unit of Infectious Diseases, European University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Raccamarich
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Dimitra Skiada
- Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shuba Balan
- Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Maya Ramanathan
- Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Gregory Holt
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jose Gonzales-Zamora
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Gio J Baracco
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
- Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Infectious Disease Section, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Susanne Doblecki-Lewis
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lilian M Abbo
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Paola N Lichtenberger
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
- Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Infectious Disease Section, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Maria L Alcaide
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Miami, Florida, USA
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The population randomization observation process (PROP) assessment method: using systematic habitation observations of street segments to establish household-level epidemiologic population samples. Int J Health Geogr 2019; 18:24. [PMID: 31703586 PMCID: PMC6842250 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-019-0190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying and intervening on health disparities requires representative community public health data. For cities with high vacancy and transient populations, traditional methods of population estimation for refining random samples are not feasible. The aim of this project was to develop a novel method for systematic observations to establish community epidemiologic samples. RESULTS We devised a four-step population randomization observation process for Flint, Michigan, USA: (1) Use recent total population data for community areas (i.e., neighborhoods) to establish the proportional sample size for each area, (2) Randomly select street segments of each community area, (3) Deploy raters to conduct observations about habitation for each randomly selected segment, and (4) Complete observations for second and third street segments, depending on vacancy levels. We implemented this systematic observation process on 400 randomly selected street segments. Of these, 130 (32.5%) required assessment of secondary segments due to high vacancy. Among the 130 primary segments, 28 (21.5%) required assessment of tertiary (or more) segments. For 71.5% of the 400 primary street segments, there was consensus among raters on whether the dwelling inhabited or uninhabited. CONCLUSION Houses observed with this method could have easily been considered uninhabited via other methods. This could cause residents of ambiguous dwellings (likely to be the most marginalized residents with highest levels of unmet health needs) to be underrepresented in the resultant sample.
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M Bublitz F, Oetomo A, S Sahu K, Kuang A, X Fadrique L, E Velmovitsky P, M Nobrega R, P Morita P. Disruptive Technologies for Environment and Health Research: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, and Internet of Things. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3847. [PMID: 31614632 PMCID: PMC6843531 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this descriptive research paper is to initiate discussions on the use of innovative technologies and their potential to support the research and development of pan-Canadian monitoring and surveillance activities associated with environmental impacts on health and within the health system. Its primary aim is to provide a review of disruptive technologies and their current uses in the environment and in healthcare. Drawing on extensive experience in population-level surveillance through the use of technology, knowledge from prior projects in the field, and conducting a review of the technologies, this paper is meant to serve as the initial steps toward a better understanding of the research area. In doing so, we hope to be able to better assess which technologies might best be leveraged to advance this unique intersection of health and environment. This paper first outlines the current use of technologies at the intersection of public health and the environment, in particular, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT). The paper provides a description for each of these technologies, along with a summary of their current applications, and a description of the challenges one might face with adopting them. Thereafter, a high-level reference architecture, that addresses the challenges of the described technologies and could potentially be incorporated into the pan-Canadian surveillance system, is conceived and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico M Bublitz
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
- Center for Strategic Technologies in Health (NUTES), State University of Paraiba (UEPB), Campina Grande, PB 58429-500, Brazil.
| | - Arlene Oetomo
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Kirti S Sahu
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Amethyst Kuang
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Laura X Fadrique
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Pedro E Velmovitsky
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Raphael M Nobrega
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Plinio P Morita
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada.
- Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2J 0E2, Canada.
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
- eHealth Innovation, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
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Butler RB, Cheadle A, Aschman DJ, Riske B, Senter S, McLaughlin KM, Young G, Ahuja S, Forsberg AD. National needs assessment of patients treated at the United States Federally-Funded Hemophilia Treatment Centers. Haemophilia 2015; 22:e11-7. [PMID: 26517156 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The National Hemophilia Program Coordinating Center, with the U.S. Regional Hemophilia Network conducted a national needs assessment of U.S. Hemophilia Treatment Center (HTC) patients. The objectives were to determine: (i) To what extent do patients report that they receive needed services and education; (ii) How well do the services provided meet their needs; and (iii) What are the patients' perspectives about their care. METHODS A survey was mailed to active patients of 129 HTCs. Respondents completed the anonymous surveys on line or returned them by mail. Questions focused on management and information, access and barriers to care, coping, resources, and transition. RESULTS Of 24 308 questionnaires mailed, 4004 (16.5%) were returned. Most respondents reported very few gaps in needed services or information and reported that services and information met their needs. Over 90% agreed or strongly agreed that care was patient-centred and rated HTC care as important or very important. Identified gaps included dietary advice, genetic testing, information on ageing, sexual health and basic needs resources. Minority respondents reported more barriers. CONCLUSION This survey is the largest assessment of the HTC population. Respondents reported that the services and information provided by the HTCs met their needs. Quality improvement opportunities include transition and services related to ageing and sexual health. Further investigation of barriers to care for minorities is underway. Results will help develop national priorities to better serve all patients in the US. HTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Butler
- The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Hemostasis and Thrombosis Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Cheadle
- Center for Community Health and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D J Aschman
- National Hemophilia Program Coordinating Center, Riverwoods, IL, USA
| | - B Riske
- University of Colorado Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - S Senter
- Center for Community Health and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - K M McLaughlin
- Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - G Young
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Ahuja
- Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A D Forsberg
- National Hemophilia Program Coordinating Center, Riverwoods, IL, USA
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