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Zhang YJ, Cheng Y, Tang HL, Yue Q, Cai XY, Lu ZJ, Hao YX, Dai AX, Hou T, Liu HX, Kong N, Ji XY, Lu CH, Xu SL, Huang K, Zeng X, Wen YQ, Ma WY, Guan JT, Lin Y, Zheng WB, Pan H, Wu J, Wu RH, Wei NL. APOE ε4-associated downregulation of the IL-7/IL-7R pathway in effector memory T cells: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39129310 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele exerts a significant influence on peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS The present study enrolled 54 patients diagnosed with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD; including 28 APOE ε4 carriers and 26 non-carriers). Plasma inflammatory cytokine concentration was assessed, alongside bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). RESULTS Plasma tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ, and interleukin (IL)-33 levels increased in the APOE ε4 carriers but IL-7 expression notably decreased. A negative correlation was observed between plasma IL-7 level and the hippocampal atrophy degree. Additionally, the expression of IL-7R and CD28 also decreased in PBMCs of APOE ε4 carriers. ScRNA-seq data results indicated that the changes were mainly related to the CD4+ Tem (effector memory) and CD8+ Tem T cells. DISCUSSION These findings shed light on the role of the downregulated IL-7/IL-7R pathway associated with the APOE ε4 allele in modulating neuroinflammation and hippocampal atrophy. HIGHLIGHTS The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele decreases plasma interleukin (IL)-7 and aggravates hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. Plasma IL-7 level is negatively associated with the degree of hippocampal atrophy. The expression of IL-7R signaling decreased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of APOE ε4 carriers Dysregulation of the IL-7/IL-7R signal pathways enriches T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Liang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Yi Cai
- Department of Pathology, Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - An-Xiang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ting Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hao-Xin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Nan Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chang-Hao Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Sheng-Liang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ya-Qi Wen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wan-Yin Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ji-Tian Guan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zheng
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Family Medicine, Shantou Longhu People's Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ren-Hua Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Nai-Li Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Min J, Yang S, Cai Y, Vanderwall DR, Wu Z, Li S, Liu S, Liu B, Wang J, Ding Y, Chen J, Jiang C, Wren JD, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Greco C, Kanie T, Peng J, Zhang XA. Tetraspanin Tspan8 restrains interferon signaling to stabilize intestinal epithelium by directing endocytosis of interferon receptor. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:154. [PMID: 37204469 PMCID: PMC10484302 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation can impair intestinal barrier, while increased epithelial permeability can lead to inflammation. In this study, we found that the expression of Tspan8, a tetraspanin expressed specifically in epithelial cells, is downregulated in mouse model of ulcerative disease (UC) but correlated with those of cell-cell junction components, such as claudins and E-cadherin, suggesting that Tspan8 supports intestinal epithelial barrier. Tspan8 removal increases intestinal epithelial permeability and upregulates IFN-γ-Stat1 signaling. We also demonstrated that Tspan8 coalesces with lipid rafts and facilitates IFNγ-R1 localization at or near lipid rafts. As IFN-γ induces its receptor undergoing clathrin- or lipid raft-dependent endocytosis and IFN-γR endocytosis plays an important role in Jak-Stat1 signaling, our analysis on IFN-γR endocytosis revealed that Tspan8 silencing impairs lipid raft-mediated but promotes clathrin-mediated endocytosis of IFN-γR1, leading to increased Stat1 signaling. These changes in IFN-γR1 endocytosis upon Tspan8 silencing correlates with fewer lipid raft component GM1 at the cell surface and more clathrin heavy chain in the cells. Our findings indicate that Tspan8 determines the IFN-γR1 endocytosis route, to restrain Stat1 signaling, stabilize intestine epithelium, and subsequently prevent intestine from inflammation. Our finding also implies that Tspan8 is needed for proper endocytosis through lipid rafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Min
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Shenglan Yang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Yang Cai
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - David R Vanderwall
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Shuping Li
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Songlan Liu
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Beibei Liu
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Yingjun Ding
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Junxiong Chen
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Chao Jiang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | | | - Anna Csiszar
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Céline Greco
- Department of Pain and Palliative Care Unit, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Tomoharu Kanie
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Junmin Peng
- Departments of Structural Biology and Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Xin A Zhang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA.
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3
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Dehler CE, Boudinot P, Collet B, Martin SM. Phylogeny and expression of tetraspanin CD9 paralogues in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 146:104735. [PMID: 37187444 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
CD9 is a member of the tetraspanin family, which is characterised by a unique domain structure and conserved motifs. In mammals, CD9 is found in tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TEMs) on the surface of virtually every cell type. CD9 has a wide variety of roles, including functions within the immune system. Here we show the first in-depth analysis of the cd9 gene family in salmonids, showing that this gene has expanded to six paralogues in three groups (cd9a, cd9b, cd9c) through whole genome duplication events. We suggest that through genome duplications, cd9 has undergone subfunctionalisation in the paralogues and that cd9c1 and cd9c2 in particular are involved in antiviral responses in salmonid fish. We show that these paralogues are significantly upregulated in parallel to classic interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) active in the antiviral response. Expression analysis of cd9 may therefore become an interesting target to assess teleost responses to viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola E Dehler
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Pierre Boudinot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Bertrand Collet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - SamuelA M Martin
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
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Di Trani CA, Cirella A, Arrizabalaga L, Bella Á, Fernandez-Sendin M, Russo-Cabrera JS, Gomar C, Olivera I, Bolaños E, González-Gomariz J, Álvarez M, Etxeberria I, Palencia B, Teijeira Á, Melero I, Berraondo P, Aranda F. Intracavitary adoptive transfer of IL-12 mRNA-engineered tumor-specific CD8 + T cells eradicates peritoneal metastases in mouse models. Oncoimmunology 2022; 12:2147317. [PMID: 36531687 PMCID: PMC9757485 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2147317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that local delivery of tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes engineered to transiently express single-chain IL-12 mRNA is highly efficacious. Peritoneal dissemination of cancer is a frequent and often fatal patient condition usually diagnosed when the tumor burden is too large and hence uncontrollable with current treatment options. In this study, we have modeled intracavitary adoptive T cell therapy with OVA-specific OT-I T cells electroporated with IL-12 mRNA to treat B16-OVA and PANC02-OVA tumor spread in the peritoneal cavity. Tumor localization in the omentum and the effects of local T-cell encounter with the tumor antigens were monitored, the gene expression profile evaluated, and the phenotypic reprogramming of several immune subsets was characterized. Intraperitoneal administration of T cells promoted homing to the omentum more effectively than intravenous administration. Transient IL-12 expression was responsible for a favorable reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment, longer persistence of transferred T lymphocytes in vivo, and the development of immunity to endogenous antigens following primary tumor eradication. The efficacy of the strategy was at least in part recapitulated with the adoptive transfer of lower affinity transgenic TCR-bearing PMEL-1 T lymphocytes to treat the aggressive intraperitoneally disseminated B16-F10 tumor. Locoregional adoptive transfer of transiently IL-12-armored T cells appears to offer promising therapeutic advantages in terms of anti-tumor efficacy to treat peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Augusta Di Trani
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Assunta Cirella
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leire Arrizabalaga
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ángela Bella
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Myriam Fernandez-Sendin
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joan Salvador Russo-Cabrera
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celia Gomar
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Olivera
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Bolaños
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - José González-Gomariz
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Álvarez
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain,Spanish Center for Biomedical Research Network in Oncology (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñaki Etxeberria
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Belen Palencia
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Teijeira
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain,Spanish Center for Biomedical Research Network in Oncology (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain,Spanish Center for Biomedical Research Network in Oncology (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain,Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Department of Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,CONTACT Fernando Aranda Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain,Spanish Center for Biomedical Research Network in Oncology (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
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Wu IW, Wu YL, Yang HY, Hsu CK, Chang LC, Twu YC, Chang YL, Chung WH, Yang CW, Hsieh WP, Su SC. Deep immune profiling of patients with renal impairment unveils distinct immunotypes associated with disease severity. Clin Kidney J 2022; 16:78-89. [PMID: 36726440 PMCID: PMC9871851 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is pathologically correlated with a sophisticated milieu of innate and adaptive immune dysregulation, but the underlying immunological disturbances remain poorly understood. Methods To address this, we comprehensively interrogated cellular and soluble elements of the immune system by using high-dimensional flow cytometry to analyze peripheral blood mononuclear cells and performing cytokine/chemokine profiling of serum samples, respectively, in a cohort of 69 patients and 19 non-CKD controls. Results Altered serum levels of several cytokines/chemokines were identified, among which concentrations of stem cell factor (SCF) were found to be elevated with the progression of CKD and inversely correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Deep immunophenotyping analyses reveal a global change in immune modulation associated with CKD severity. Specifically, a decrease in the subsets of CD56dim natural killer (NK) cells (KLRG-1+CD38+CD64+CD15+CD197+) and monocytes (KLRG-1+CD38+PD-1+) was detected in severe CKD compared with controls and mild CKD. In addition, comparisons between mild and severe CKD demonstrated a loss of a mature B cell population (PD-1+CD197+IgD+HLA-DR+) in the advanced stages of disease. Further, we identified immunophenotypic markers to discriminate mild CKD from the controls, among which the portion of CD38+ monocytes was of particular value in early diagnosis. Conclusions Our data unveil severity-specific immunological signatures perturbed in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Wen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lun Wu
- Institute of Statistics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkuo, Taiwan,Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cheng-Kai Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Lun-Ching Chang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Yuh-Ching Twu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chang
- Advanced Immunology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkuo, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Chung
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkuo, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ping Hsieh
- Institute of Statistics, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Targeting CD38 in Neoplasms and Non-Cancer Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174169. [PMID: 36077708 PMCID: PMC9454480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CD38 remains an interesting target for anticancer therapy. Its relatively high abundance in neoplasms and crucial impact on NAD+/cADPR metabolism and the activity of T cells allows for changing the immune response in autoimmune diseases, neoplasms, and finally the induction of cell death. Antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity is responsible for cell death induced by targeting the tumor with anti-CD38 antibodies, such as daratumumab. A wide range of laboratory experiments and clinical trials show an especially promising role of anti-CD38 therapy against multiple myeloma, NK cell lymphomas, and CD19- B-cell malignancies. More studies are required to include more diseases in the therapeutic protocols involving the modulation of CD38 activity. Abstract CD38 is a myeloid antigen present both on the cell membrane and in the intracellular compartment of the cell. Its occurrence is often enhanced in cancer cells, thus making it a potential target in anticancer therapy. Daratumumab and isatuximab already received FDA approval, and novel agents such as MOR202, TAK079 and TNB-738 undergo clinical trials. Also, novel therapeutics such as SAR442085 aim to outrank the older antibodies against CD38. Multiple myeloma and immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis may be effectively treated with anti-CD38 immunotherapy. Its role in other hematological malignancies is also important concerning both diagnostic process and potential treatment in the future. Aside from the hematological malignancies, CD38 remains a potential target in gastrointestinal, neurological and pulmonary system disorders. Due to the strong interaction of CD38 with TCR and CD16 on T cells, it may also serve as the biomarker in transplant rejection in renal transplant patients. Besides, CD38 finds its role outside oncology in systemic lupus erythematosus and collagen-induced arthritis. CD38 plays an important role in viral infections, including AIDS and COVID-19. Most of the undergoing clinical trials focus on the use of anti-CD38 antibodies in the therapy of multiple myeloma, CD19- B-cell malignancies, and NK cell lymphomas. This review focuses on targeting CD38 in cancer and non-cancerous diseases using antibodies, cell-based therapies and CD38 inhibitors. We also provide a summary of current clinical trials targeting CD38.
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Olingy C, Alimadadi A, Araujo DJ, Barry D, Gutierrez NA, Werbin MH, Arriola E, Patel SP, Ottensmeier CH, Dinh HQ, Hedrick CC. CD33 Expression on Peripheral Blood Monocytes Predicts Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842653. [PMID: 35493454 PMCID: PMC9046782 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has transformed cancer medicine, with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy now well-utilized for treating NSCLC. Still, not all patients with NSCLC respond positively to anti-PD-1 therapy, and some patients acquire resistance to treatment. There remains an urgent need to find markers predictive of anti-PD-1 responsiveness. To this end, we performed mass cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 26 patients with NSCLC during anti-PD-1 treatment. Patients who responded to anti-PD-1 ICB displayed significantly higher levels of antigen-presenting myeloid cells, including CD9+ nonclassical monocytes, and CD33hi classical monocytes. Using matched pre-post treatment samples, we found that the baseline pre-treatment frequencies of CD33hi monocytes predicted patient responsiveness to anti-PD-1 therapy. Moreover, some of these classical and nonclassical monocyte subsets were associated with reduced immunosuppression by T regulatory (CD4+FOXP3+CD25+) cells in the same patients. Our use of machine learning corroborated the association of specific monocyte markers with responsiveness to ICB. Our work provides a high-dimensional profile of monocytes in NSCLC and links CD33 expression on monocytes with anti-PD-1 effectiveness in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Olingy
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ahmad Alimadadi
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Daniel J. Araujo
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David Barry
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Norma A. Gutierrez
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Max Hardy Werbin
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edurne Arriola
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Christian H. Ottensmeier
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Huy Q. Dinh
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Catherine C. Hedrick
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Catherine C. Hedrick,
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8
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Li G, Li PL. Lysosomal TRPML1 Channel: Implications in Cardiovascular and Kidney Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1349:275-301. [PMID: 35138619 PMCID: PMC9899368 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4254-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal ion channels mediate ion flux from lysosomes and regulate membrane potential across the lysosomal membrane, which are essential for lysosome biogenesis, nutrient sensing, lysosome trafficking, lysosome enzyme activity, and cell membrane repair. As a cation channel, the transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) channel is mainly expressed on lysosomes and late endosomes. Recently, the normal function of TRPML1 channels has been demonstrated to be important for the maintenance of cardiovascular and renal glomerular homeostasis and thereby involved in the pathogenesis of some cardiovascular and kidney diseases. In arterial myocytes, it has been found that Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP), an intracellular second messenger, can induce Ca2+ release through the lysosomal TRPML1 channel, leading to a global Ca2+ release response from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). In podocytes, it has been demonstrated that lysosomal TRPML1 channels control lysosome trafficking and exosome release, which contribute to the maintenance of podocyte functional integrity. The defect or functional deficiency of lysosomal TRPML1 channels has been shown to critically contribute to the initiation and development of some chronic degeneration or diseases in the cardiovascular system or kidneys. Here we briefly summarize the current evidence demonstrating the regulation of lysosomal TRPML1 channel activity and related signaling mechanisms. We also provide some insights into the canonical and noncanonical roles of TRPML1 channel dysfunction as a potential pathogenic mechanism for certain cardiovascular and kidney diseases and associated therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Piedra-Quintero ZL, Wilson Z, Nava P, Guerau-de-Arellano M. CD38: An Immunomodulatory Molecule in Inflammation and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:597959. [PMID: 33329591 PMCID: PMC7734206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.597959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD38 is a molecule that can act as an enzyme, with NAD-depleting and intracellular signaling activity, or as a receptor with adhesive functions. CD38 can be found expressed either on the cell surface, where it may face the extracellular milieu or the cytosol, or in intracellular compartments, such as endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear membrane, and mitochondria. The main expression of CD38 is observed in hematopoietic cells, with some cell-type specific differences between mouse and human. The role of CD38 in immune cells ranges from modulating cell differentiation to effector functions during inflammation, where CD38 may regulate cell recruitment, cytokine release, and NAD availability. In line with a role in inflammation, CD38 appears to also play a critical role in inflammatory processes during autoimmunity, although whether CD38 has pathogenic or regulatory effects varies depending on the disease, immune cell, or animal model analyzed. Given the complexity of the physiology of CD38 it has been difficult to completely understand the biology of this molecule during autoimmune inflammation. In this review, we analyze current knowledge and controversies regarding the role of CD38 during inflammation and autoimmunity and novel molecular tools that may clarify current gaps in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zayda L. Piedra-Quintero
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Zachary Wilson
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Biomedical Science Undergraduate Program, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Porfirio Nava
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), México City, México
| | - Mireia Guerau-de-Arellano
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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10
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Perros AJ, Esguerra‐Lallen A, Rooks K, Chong F, Engkilde‐Pedersen S, Faddy HM, Hewlett E, Naidoo R, Tung J, Fraser JF, Tesar P, Ziegenfuss M, Smith S, O’Brien D, Flower RL, Dean MM. Coronary artery bypass grafting is associated with immunoparalysis of monocytes and dendritic cells. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4791-4803. [PMID: 32180339 PMCID: PMC7176880 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) triggers a systemic inflammatory response that may contribute to adverse outcomes. Dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes are immunoregulatory cells potentially affected by CABG, contributing to an altered immune state. This study investigated changes in DC and monocyte responses in CABG patients at 5 time-points: admission, peri-operative, ICU, day 3 and day 5. Whole blood from 49 CABG patients was used in an ex vivo whole blood culture model to prospectively assess DC and monocyte responses. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was added in parallel to model responses to an infectious complication. Co-stimulatory and adhesion molecule expression and intracellular mediator production was measured by flow cytometry. CABG modulated monocyte and DC responses. In addition, DC and monocytes were immunoparalysed, evidenced by failure of co-stimulatory and adhesion molecules (eg HLA-DR), and intracellular mediators (eg IL-6) to respond to LPS stimulation. DC and monocyte modulation was associated with prolonged ICU length of stay and post-operative atrial fibrillation. DC and monocyte cytokine production did not recover by day 5 post-surgery. This study provides evidence that CABG modulates DC and monocyte responses. Using an ex vivo model to assess immune competency of CABG patients may help identify biomarkers to predict adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis J. Perros
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- School of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Critical Care Research Group (CCRG)The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Arlanna Esguerra‐Lallen
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Critical Care Research Group (CCRG)The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Adult Intensive Care ServicesThe Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Kelly Rooks
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Fenny Chong
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Sanne Engkilde‐Pedersen
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Critical Care Research Group (CCRG)The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Adult Intensive Care ServicesThe Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Helen M. Faddy
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- School of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- School of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of the Sunshine CoastPetrieQLDAustralia
| | - Elise Hewlett
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Rishendran Naidoo
- Cardiothoracic Surgery ProgramThe Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - John‐Paul Tung
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- School of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Critical Care Research Group (CCRG)The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - John F. Fraser
- School of MedicineUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Critical Care Research Group (CCRG)The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Adult Intensive Care ServicesThe Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Peter Tesar
- Cardiothoracic Surgery ProgramThe Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Marc Ziegenfuss
- Adult Intensive Care ServicesThe Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Susan Smith
- Cardiothoracic Surgery ProgramThe Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Donalee O’Brien
- Cardiothoracic Surgery ProgramThe Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Robert L. Flower
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Melinda M. Dean
- Research and DevelopmentAustralian Red Cross LifebloodBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- Critical Care Research Group (CCRG)The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia
- School of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of the Sunshine CoastPetrieQLDAustralia
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11
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Glaría E, Valledor AF. Roles of CD38 in the Immune Response to Infection. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010228. [PMID: 31963337 PMCID: PMC7017097 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD38 is a multifunctional protein widely expressed in cells from the immune system and as a soluble form in biological fluids. CD38 expression is up-regulated by an array of inflammatory mediators, and it is frequently used as a cell activation marker. Studies in animal models indicate that CD38 functional expression confers protection against infection by several bacterial and parasitic pathogens. In addition, infectious complications are associated with anti-CD38 immunotherapy. Although CD38 displays receptor and enzymatic activities that contribute to the establishment of an effective immune response, recent work raises the possibility that CD38 might also enhance the immunosuppressive potential of regulatory leukocytes. This review integrates the current knowledge on the diversity of functions mediated by CD38 in the host defense to infection.
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12
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Effect of melatonin on T/B cell activation and immune regulation in pinealectomy mice. Life Sci 2019; 242:117191. [PMID: 31863775 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is an indole neuroendocrine hormone that is mainly secreted by the pineal gland to regulate circadian rhythm, antioxidation, and immune regulation. Melatonin plays an important role in T cell-mediated immune responses against cancer, infections, and the development of many autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of melatonin on T/B cell activation in pinealectomy mice. The improved pinealectomy procedure for mice presented in this study is a good animal model to be used in follow-up studies on melatonin. After pinealectomy, the tissue removed was identified as the pineal body using HE staining. The effects of melatonin supplementation on T cell activation and activation-related changes to the MAPK/NF-κ B pathways were analyzed by flow cytometry and real-time PCR. We found that expression levels of Th1, Th2 and Th17-related cytokines in peripheral blood were lower in mice that had undergone pinealectomy, compared with normal mice. After melatonin supplementation, cytokine levels rapidly increased within a short period of time, which resulted in the gradual recovery of cytokine expression levels. Moreover, activation of T/B cells in mice was weakened and decreased after pineal gland removal. Melatonin was found to inhibit the expression of TLR3, p38, JNK, and MAPK/NF-κ B within a short period (2 weeks) of melatonin replenishment. This inhibition gradually weakened with time, since the degree of inhibition is negatively related with the dosage of melatonin. In conclusion, melatonin may regulate the activation of T/B cells, playing a critical role in the regulation of immune balance.
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13
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Deng QW, Zhang J, Li T, He WM, Fang L, Lee HC, Zhao YJ. The transferrin receptor CD71 regulates type II CD38, revealing tight topological compartmentalization of intracellular cyclic ADP-ribose production. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15293-15303. [PMID: 31434741 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD38 molecule (CD38) catalyzes biogenesis of the calcium-mobilizing messenger cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR). CD38 has dual membrane orientations, and type III CD38, with its catalytic domain facing the cytosol, has low abundance but is efficient in cyclizing cytosolic NAD to produce cADPR. The role of cell surface type II CD38 in cellular cADPR production is unknown. Here we modulated type II CD38 expression and assessed the effects of this modulation on cADPR levels. We developed a photoactivatable cross-linking probe based on a CD38 nanobody, and, combining it with MS analysis, we discovered that cell surface CD38 interacts with CD71. CD71 knockdown increased CD38 levels, and CD38 knockout reciprocally increased CD71, and both could be cocapped and coimmunoprecipitated. We constructed a chimera comprising the N-terminal segment of CD71 and a CD38 nanobody to mimic CD71's ligand property. Overexpression of this chimera induced a dramatically large decrease in CD38 via lysosomes. Remarkably, cellular cADPR levels did not decrease correspondingly. Bafilomycin-mediated blockade of lysosomal degradation greatly elevated active type II CD38 by trapping it in the lysosomes but also did not increase cADPR levels. Retention of type II CD38 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by expressing an ER construct that prevented its transport to the cell surface likewise did not change cADPR levels. These results provide first and direct evidence that cADPR biogenesis occurs in the cytosol and is catalyzed mainly by type III CD38 and that type II CD38, compartmentalized in the ER or lysosomes or on the cell surface, contributes only minimally to cADPR biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingzi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei Ming He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Hon Cheung Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong Juan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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14
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Brosseau C, Colas L, Magnan A, Brouard S. CD9 Tetraspanin: A New Pathway for the Regulation of Inflammation? Front Immunol 2018; 9:2316. [PMID: 30356731 PMCID: PMC6189363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD9 belongs to the tetraspanin superfamily. Depending on the cell type and associated molecules, CD9 has a wide variety of biological activities such as cell adhesion, motility, metastasis, growth, signal transduction, differentiation, and sperm-egg fusion. This review focuses on CD9 expression by hematopoietic cells and its role in modulating cellular processes involved in the regulation of inflammation. CD9 is functionally very important in many diseases and is involved either in the regulation or in the mediation of the disease. The role of CD9 in various diseases, such as viral and bacterial infections, cancer and chronic lung allograft dysfunction, is discussed. This review focuses also on its interest as a biomarker in diseases. Indeed CD9 is primarily known as a specific exosome marker however, its expression is now recognized as an anti-inflammatory marker of monocytes and macrophages. It was also described as a marker of murine IL-10-competent Breg cells and IL-10-secreting CD9+ B cells were associated with better allograft outcome in lung transplant patients, and identified as a new predictive biomarker of long-term survival. In the field of cancer, CD9 was both identified as a favorable prognostic marker or as a predictor of metastatic potential depending on cancer types. Finally, this review discusses strategies to target CD9 as a therapeutic tool. Because CD9 can have opposite effects depending on the situation, the environment and the pathology, modulating CD9 expression or blocking its effects seem to be a new promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Brosseau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Luc Colas
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut du Thorax, Plateforme Transversale d'Allergologie, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Magnan
- Institut du Thorax, Plateforme Transversale d'Allergologie, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut du thorax, Inserm UMR 1087, CNRS UMR 6291, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
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15
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Saiz ML, Rocha-Perugini V, Sánchez-Madrid F. Tetraspanins as Organizers of Antigen-Presenting Cell Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1074. [PMID: 29875769 PMCID: PMC5974036 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) include dendritic cells, monocytes, and B cells. APCs internalize and process antigens, producing immunogenic peptides that enable antigen presentation to T lymphocytes, which provide the signals that trigger T-cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, and lead to adaptive immune responses. After detection of microbial antigens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), APCs migrate to secondary lymphoid organs where antigen presentation to T lymphocytes takes place. Tetraspanins are membrane proteins that organize specialized membrane platforms, called tetraspanin-enriched microdomains, which integrate membrane receptors, like PRR and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II), adhesion proteins, and signaling molecules. Importantly, through the modulation of the function of their associated membrane partners, tetraspanins regulate different steps of the immune response. Several tetraspanins can positively or negatively regulate the activation threshold of immune receptors. They also play a role during migration of APCs by controlling the surface levels and spatial arrangement of adhesion molecules and their subsequent intracellular signaling. Finally, tetraspanins participate in antigen processing and are important for priming of naïve T cells through the control of T-cell co-stimulation and MHC-II-dependent antigen presentation. In this review, we discuss the role of tetraspanins in APC biology and their involvement in effective immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Saiz
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vera Rocha-Perugini
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Pathophysiology Research Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Katikaneni DS, Jin L. B cell MHC class II signaling: A story of life and death. Hum Immunol 2018; 80:37-43. [PMID: 29715484 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
MHC class II regulates B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation during cognate B cell-T cell interaction. This is, in part, due to the MHC class II signaling in B cells. Activation of MHC Class II in human B cells or "primed" murine B cells leads to tyrosine phosphorylation, calcium mobilization, AKT, ERK, JNK activation. In addition, crosslinking MHC class II with monoclonal Abs kill malignant human B cells. Several humanized anti-HLA-DR/MHC class II monoclonal Abs entered clinical trials for lymphoma/leukemia and MHC class II-expressing melanomas. Mechanistically, MHC class II is associated with a wealth of transmembrane proteins including the B cell-specific signaling proteins CD79a/b, CD19 and a group of four-transmembrane proteins including tetraspanins and the apoptotic protein MPYS/STING. Furthermore, MHC class II signals are compartmentalized in the tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of MHC class II signaling in B cells focusing on its physiological significance and the therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sai Katikaneni
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Lei Jin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States.
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17
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Peng Y, Baulier E, Ke Y, Young A, Ahmedli NB, Schwartz SD, Farber DB. Human embryonic stem cells extracellular vesicles and their effects on immortalized human retinal Müller cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194004. [PMID: 29538408 PMCID: PMC5851617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by virtually every cell of all organisms are involved in processes of intercellular communication through the delivery of their functional mRNAs, proteins and bioactive lipids. We previously demonstrated that mouse embryonic stem cell-released EVs (mESEVs) are able to transfer their content to different target retinal cells, inducing morphological and biochemical changes in them. The main objective of this paper is to characterize EVs derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESEVs) and investigate the effects that they have on cultured retinal glial, progenitor Müller cells, which are known to give rise to retinal neurons under specific conditions. This would allow us to establish if hESEVs have a pro-regenerative potential not yet described that could be used in the future for treatment of human retinal degenerative diseases. Initially, we showed that hESEVs are heterogeneous in size, contain mRNAs and proteins involved in the induction and maintenance of stem cell pluripotency and can be internalized by cultured Müller cells. After a single exposure to hESEVs these cells display changes in their gene expression profile, and with multiple exposures they de-differentiate and trans-differentiate into retinal neuronal precursors. hESEVs were then fractionated into microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXOs), which were characterized by size, specific surface proteins and biochemical/molecular components. We demonstrate that despite the similar internalization of non-fractionated hESEVs, MVs and EXOs by Müller progenitor cells, in vitro, only the release of MVs' cargo into the cells' cytoplasm induces specific changes in their levels of pluripotency mRNAs and early retinal proteins. EXOs do not produce any detectable effect. Thus, we conclude that MVs and MVs-containing hESEVs are promising agents that possibly could promote the regeneration of diseased or damaged retinas in vivo through inducing glial Müller cells to become replacement neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqian Peng
- Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Edouard Baulier
- Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Yifeng Ke
- Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Alejandra Young
- Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Novruz B. Ahmedli
- Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Steven D. Schwartz
- Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Debora B. Farber
- Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Brain Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
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18
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Van Blerkom J, Zimmermann S. Ganglioside-enriched microdomains define an oolemma that is functionally polarized with respect to fertilizability in the mouse. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 33:458-475. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Lion J, Taflin C, Cross AR, Robledo-Sarmiento M, Mariotto E, Savenay A, Carmagnat M, Suberbielle C, Charron D, Haziot A, Glotz D, Mooney N. HLA Class II Antibody Activation of Endothelial Cells Promotes Th17 and Disrupts Regulatory T Lymphocyte Expansion. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:1408-20. [PMID: 26614587 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation is the most successful treatment option for patients with end-stage renal disease, and chronic antibody-mediated rejection is the principal cause of allograft loss. Predictive factors for chronic rejection include high levels of HLA alloantibodies (particularly HLA class II) and activation of graft endothelial cells (ECs). The mechanistic basis for this association is unresolved. We used an experimental model of HLA-DR antibody stimulation of microvascular ECs to examine the mechanisms underlying the association between HLA class II antibodies, EC activation and allograft damage. Activation of ECs with the F(Ab')2 fragment of HLA-DR antibody led to phosphorylation of Akt, ERK and MEK and increased IL-6 production by ECs cocultured with allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in an Akt-dependent manner. We previously showed that HLA-DR-expressing ECs induce polarization of Th17 and FoxP3(bright) regulatory T cell (Treg) subsets. Preactivation of ECs with anti-HLA-DR antibody redirected EC allogenicity toward a proinflammatory response by decreasing amplification of functional Treg and by further increasing IL-6-dependent Th17 expansion. Alloimmunized patient serum containing relevant HLA-DR alloantibodies selectively bound and increased EC secretion of IL-6 in cocultures with PBMCs. These data contribute to understanding of potential mechanisms of antibody-mediated endothelial damage independent of complement activation and FcR-expressing effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lion
- Inserm, UMRs 1160, Paris, France
| | - C Taflin
- Inserm, UMRs 1160, Paris, France.,Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - A Savenay
- Inserm, UMRs 1160, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Histocompatibilité, Paris, France
| | - M Carmagnat
- Inserm, UMRs 1160, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Histocompatibilité, Paris, France
| | - C Suberbielle
- Inserm, UMRs 1160, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Histocompatibilité, Paris, France
| | - D Charron
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - A Haziot
- Inserm, UMRs 1160, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - D Glotz
- Inserm, UMRs 1160, Paris, France.,Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - N Mooney
- Inserm, UMRs 1160, Paris, France.,Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
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20
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Cross AR, Lion J, Loiseau P, Charron D, Taupin JL, Glotz D, Mooney N. Donor Specific Antibodies are not only directed against HLA-DR: Minding your Ps and Qs. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:1092-1100. [PMID: 27060781 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
During solid organ transplantation, interactions between recipient and donor immune cells occur chiefly in the allograft microvasculature. All three HLA class II antigens, DR, DP and DQ, have been detected on renal EC with a markedly increased expression of HLA class II observed in renal allografts undergoing rejection. Recent studies of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) have exposed the prevalence of de novo DSA directed against HLA-DQ, as well as a strong association between these antibodies and allograft damage. The HLA-DQ molecule can be distinguished from the other class II antigens by its transcription, expression and peptide repertoire. The distinct intragraft expression and immunogenicity of HLA-DQ may contribute to the incidence of HLA-DQ DSA, as well as directing the DSA-mediated damage. The possibility of HLA class II antigen-specific signaling in EC may reveal different mechanisms of allograft damage that act in tandem with complement-dependent injury. This review addresses the features of the HLA-DQ heterodimer that may underlie the high incidence of HLA-DQ directed DSA and their association with allograft damage. We also consider existing data in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation concerning HLA directed DSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Cross
- INSERM UMRs 1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France
| | - Julien Lion
- INSERM UMRs 1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France
| | - Pascale Loiseau
- INSERM UMRs 1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France; Laboratoire de Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France
| | - Dominique Charron
- Laboratoire de Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013, France
| | - Jean-Luc Taupin
- INSERM UMRs 1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France; Laboratoire de Histocompatibilité, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013, France
| | - Denis Glotz
- INSERM UMRs 1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France; Service de Néphrologie et Transplantation, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013, France
| | - Nuala Mooney
- INSERM UMRs 1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris 75010, France; LabEx Transplantex, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris 75010, France.
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21
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Hennies CM, Lehn MA, Janssen EM. Quantitating MHC class II trafficking in primary dendritic cells using imaging flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods 2015; 423:18-28. [PMID: 25967952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Presentation of antigenic peptides in MHC class II (MHCII) on dendritic cells (DCs) is the first step in the activation of antigen-specific CD4(+)T cells. The expression of surface MHCII-peptide complexes is tightly regulated as the frequency of MHCII-peptide complexes can affect the magnitude, as well as the phenotype of the ensuing CD4(+)T cell response. The surface MHCII-peptide levels are determined by the balance between expression of newly generated complexes, complex internalization, and their subsequent re-emergence or degradation. However, the molecular mechanisms that underpin these processes are still poorly understood. Here we describe a multispectral imaging flow cytometry assay to visualize MHCII trafficking that can be used as a tool to dissect the molecular mechanisms that regulate MHCII homeostasis in primary mouse and human DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra M Hennies
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maria A Lehn
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Edith M Janssen
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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22
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Anderson HA, Roche PA. MHC class II association with lipid rafts on the antigen presenting cell surface. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1853:775-80. [PMID: 25261705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
MHC class II (MHC-II) molecules function by binding peptides derived from either self or foreign proteins and expressing these peptides on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) for recognition by CD4 T cells. MHC-II is known to exist on clusters on the surface of APCs, and a variety of biochemical and functional studies have suggested that these clusters represent lipid raft microdomain-associated MHC-II. This review will summarize data exploring the biosynthesis of raft-associated MHC-II and the role that lipid raft association plays in regulating T cell activation by APCs. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Nanoscale membrane organisation and signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard A Anderson
- Division of Therapeutic Proteins, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Paul A Roche
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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23
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Chen Q, Ross AC. All-trans-retinoic acid and CD38 ligation differentially regulate CD1d expression and α-galactosylceramide-induced immune responses. Immunobiology 2014; 220:32-41. [PMID: 25248321 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The MHC class-I like molecule CD1d presents glycolipid antigens and thereby activates invariant natural killer-T (NKT) cells. However, little is understood regarding the regulation of its expression. All-trans-retinoic acid (RA) and CD38, which is itself a target of RA, both independently regulate the differentiation of antigen presenting cells. In the current study, we treated human THP-1 cells and murine splenic cells with RA, with and without antibody-mediated ligation of cell-surface CD38. Whereas a physiological concentration (20 nM) of RA alone rapidly and markedly increased CD1d protein in THP-1 cells, there was a marked synergy between RA and ligation of CD38 with antibody to CD38. Moreover, RA and CD38 ligation differentially regulated CD1d protein distribution between the cell surface and intracellular compartments, as, whereas RA mainly increased intracellular CD1d protein, ligation of CD38 increased CD1d protein both at the cell surface and intracellularly. By confocal microscopy, CD1d was located close to the plasma membrane but only partially overlapped with LAMP1, a late endosomes/lysosomal marker. Furthermore, RA and/or CD38 ligation increased splenocyte proliferation and differentiation after treatment with the CD1 ligand α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer), evidenced by an increase in the number of splenic dendritic cells, NKT cells, and germinal center plasmacytes. RA also differentially regulated αGalCer-induced cytokine expression, increasing IL-4 and decreasing IFNγ production by total spleen cells and the NKT cell population. Our results indicate a previously unknown mechanism in which RA and CD38 differentially yet cooperatively regulate CD1d expression and antigen-presenting function, which could be important for the enhancement of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Chen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States
| | - A Catharine Ross
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
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24
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Eisenbacher JL, Schrezenmeier H, Jahrsdörfer B, Kaltenmeier C, Rojewski MT, Yildiz T, Beyer T, Erle A, Wiegmann DS, Grassl S, Hang R, Körper S, Wiesneth M, Lotze MT, Lotfi R. S100A4 and Uric Acid Promote Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Induction of IL-10+/IDO+ Lymphocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:6102-10. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1303144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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ten Broeke T, Wubbolts R, Stoorvogel W. MHC class II antigen presentation by dendritic cells regulated through endosomal sorting. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2013; 5:a016873. [PMID: 24296169 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a016873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
For the initiation of adaptive immune responses, dendritic cells present antigenic peptides in association with major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) to naïve CD4(+) T lymphocytes. In this review, we discuss how antigen presentation is regulated through intracellular processing and trafficking of MHCII. Newly synthesized MHCII is chaperoned by the invariant chain to endosomes, where peptides from endocytosed pathogens can bind. In nonactivated dendritic cells, peptide-loaded MHCII is ubiquitinated and consequently sorted by the ESCRT machinery to intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies, ultimately leading to lysosomal degradation. Ubiquitination of newly synthesized MHCII is blocked when dendritic cells are activated, now allowing its transfer to the cell surface. This mode of regulation for MHCII is a prime example of how molecular processing and sorting at multivesicular bodies can determine the expression of signaling receptors at the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toine ten Broeke
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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Contribution of NADPH oxidase to membrane CD38 internalization and activation in coronary arterial myocytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71212. [PMID: 23940720 PMCID: PMC3737089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase-mediated Ca2+ signaling pathway importantly contributes to the vasomotor response in different arteries. Although there is evidence indicating that the activation of CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase is associated with CD38 internalization, the molecular mechanism mediating CD38 internalization and consequent activation in response to a variety of physiological and pathological stimuli remains poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that CD38 may sense redox signals and is thereby activated to produce cellular response and that the NADPH oxidase isoform, NOX1, is a major resource to produce superoxide (O2·−) in coronary arterial myocytes (CAMs) in response to muscarinic receptor agonist, which uses CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase signaling pathway to exert its action in these CAMs. These findings led us hypothesize that NOX1-derived O2·− serves in an autocrine fashion to enhance CD38 internalization, leading to redox activation of CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase activity in mouse CAMs. To test this hypothesis, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and a membrane protein biotinylation assay were used in the present study. We first demonstrated that CD38 internalization induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1) was inhibited by silencing of NOX1 gene, but not NOX4 gene. Correspondingly, NOX1 gene silencing abolished ET-1-induced O2·− production and increased CD38-ADP-ribosylcyclase activity in CAMs, while activation of NOX1 by overexpression of Rac1 or Vav2 or administration of exogenous O2·− significantly increased CD38 internalization in CAMs. Lastly, ET-1 was found to markedly increase membrane raft clustering as shown by increased colocalization of cholera toxin-B with CD38 and NOX1. Taken together, these results provide direct evidence that Rac1-NOX1-dependent O2·− production mediates CD38 internalization in CAMs, which may represent an important mechanism linking receptor activation with CD38 activity in these cells.
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Li PL, Zhang Y, Abais JM, Ritter JK, Zhang F. Cyclic ADP-Ribose and NAADP in Vascular Regulation and Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 2:63-85. [PMID: 24749015 DOI: 10.1166/msr.2013.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), two intracellular Ca2+ mobilizing second messengers, have been recognized as a fundamental signaling mechanism regulating a variety of cell or organ functions in different biological systems. Here we reviewed the literature regarding these ADP-ribosylcyclase products in vascular cells with a major focus on their production, physiological roles, and related underlying mechanisms mediating their actions. In particular, several hot topics in this area of research are comprehensively discussed, which may help understand some of the controversial evidence provided by different studies. For example, some new models are emerging for the agonist receptor coupling of CD38 or ADP-ribosylcyclase and for the formation of an acidic microenvironment to facilitate the production of NAADP in vascular cells. We also summarized the evidence regarding the NAADP-mediated two-phase Ca2+ release with a slow Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) and corresponding physiological relevance. The possibility of a permanent structural space between lysosomes and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), as well as the critical role of lysosome trafficking in phase 2 Ca2+ release in response to some agonists are also explored. With respect to the molecular targets of NAADP within cells, several possible candidates including SR ryanodine receptors (RyRs), lysosomal transient receptor potential-mucolipin 1 (TRP-ML1) and two pore channels (TPCs) are presented with supporting and opposing evidence. Finally, the possible role of NAADP-mediated regulation of lysosome function in autophagy and atherogenesis is discussed, which may indicate a new direction for further studies on the pathological roles of cADPR and NAADP in the vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA 23298, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA 23298, USA
| | - Justine M Abais
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA 23298, USA
| | - Joseph K Ritter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA 23298, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA 23298, USA
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28
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High density lipoproteins and atherosclerosis: emerging aspects. J Geriatr Cardiol 2013; 9:401-7. [PMID: 23341845 PMCID: PMC3545258 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1263.2011.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
High density lipoproteins (HDL) promote the efflux of excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver for excretion. This ability is responsible for the most relevant anti-atherogenic effect of HDL. The ability of HDL to promote cholesterol efflux results also in the modulation of a series of responses in the immune cells involved in atherosclerosis, including monocyte-macrophages, B and T lymphocytes. Furthermore, during inflammation, the composition of this class of lipoproteins varies to a large extent, thus promoting the formation of dysfunctional HDL. The aim of this review is to discuss the emerging role of HDL in modulating the activity of immune cells and immune-inflammatory mediators during atherogenesis.
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29
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Hara-Yokoyama M. Glycosylation Regulates CD38 Assembly on the Cell Surface. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2013. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.25.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Norata GD, Catapano AL. HDL and adaptive immunity: A tale of lipid rafts. Atherosclerosis 2012; 225:34-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vences-Catalán F, Rajapaksa R, Levy S, Santos-Argumedo L. The CD19/CD81 complex physically interacts with CD38 but is not required to induce proliferation in mouse B lymphocytes. Immunology 2012; 137:48-55. [PMID: 22564057 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In B lymphocytes, the cell surface receptor CD38 is involved in apoptosis of immature B cells, proliferation and differentiation of mature B cells. Although CD38 has been establish as a receptor, its signaling has been only partially characterized. As a result of the lack of signaling motifs in the cytoplasmic domain, CD38 must use a co-receptor to induce signaling within the cell. Accordingly, CD38 has been associated with different receptors such as the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex on T cells, CD16 on natural killer cells and MHC class II molecules on monocytes. The CD19/CD81 complex has been proposed as a co-receptor for CD38 in human B lymphocytes, but little or no characterization has been performed in mice. In this study the contribution of the CD19/CD81 complex in murine CD38 signaling was evaluated. Proliferation assays were performed using CD19(-/-) or CD81(-/-) deficient mice; CFSE-labeled B lymphocytes from wild-type mice and CD19(-/-) , CD81(-/-) and CD38(-/-) deficient mice were stimulated with agonistic antibodies against CD38. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence were also performed to detect protein-protein interactions. Our results indicate that the CD19/CD81 complex interacts with CD38 but this interaction is not required to induce proliferation in mouse B lymphocytes, suggesting that other receptors may contribute to the proliferation induced by CD38 in B lymphocytes.
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32
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Wu F, Su P, Chen L, Li M, Liu X, Li Q. Cloning of arctic lamprey Lethenteron camtschaticum cd9 with roles in the immune response. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2012; 81:1147-1157. [PMID: 22957860 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03299.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the cd9 gene, a member of the tetraspanin superfamily and involved in various cellular processes, was cloned from Lethenteron camtschaticum. Both real-time PCR and immunohistochemical assays showed broad distribution of cd9 in various L. camtschaticum tissues. In addition, expression levels of Cd9 mRNA were up-regulated in the liver and heart after stimulation by lipopolysaccharide. Flow cytometric analyses demonstrated that cd9 was detected on the leukocytes and that the expression level was higher on granulocytes than on lymphocytes, which implied that cd9 was mainly involved in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
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33
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Reglero-Real N, Marcos-Ramiro B, Millán J. Endothelial membrane reorganization during leukocyte extravasation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:3079-99. [PMID: 22573182 PMCID: PMC11114893 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-0987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte trafficking from the bloodstream to inflamed tissues across the endothelial barrier is an essential response in innate immunity. Leukocyte adhesion, locomotion, and diapedesis induce signaling in endothelial cells and this is accompanied by a profound reorganization of the endothelial cell surfaces that is only starting to be unveiled. Here we review the current knowledge on the leukocyte-mediated alterations of endothelial membrane dynamics and their role in promoting leukocyte extravasation. The formation of protein- and lipid-mediated cell adhesion nanodomains at the endothelial apical surface, the extension of micrometric apical membrane docking structures, which are derived from microvilli and embrace adhered leukocytes, as well as the vesicle-trafficking pathways that are required for efficient leukocyte diapedesis, are discussed. The coordination between these different endothelial membrane-remodeling events probably provides the road map for transmigrating leukocytes to find exit points in the vessel wall, in a context of severe mechanical and inflammatory stress. A better understanding of how vascular endothelial cells respond to immune cell adhesion should enable new therapeutic strategies to be developed that can abrogate uncontrolled leukocyte extravasation in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Reglero-Real
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Marcos-Ramiro
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Millán
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Sharma R, Ghasparian A, Robinson JA, McCullough KC. Synthetic virus-like particles target dendritic cell lipid rafts for rapid endocytosis primarily but not exclusively by macropinocytosis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43248. [PMID: 22905240 PMCID: PMC3419204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
DC employ several endocytic routes for processing antigens, driving forward adaptive immunity. Recent advances in synthetic biology have created small (20-30 nm) virus-like particles based on lipopeptides containing a virus-derived coiled coil sequence coupled to synthetic B- and T-cell epitope mimetics. These self-assembling SVLP efficiently induce adaptive immunity without requirement for adjuvant. We hypothesized that the characteristics of DC interaction with SVLP would elaborate on the roles of cell membrane and intracellular compartments in the handling of a virus-like entity known for its efficacy as a vaccine. DC rapidly bind SVLP within min, co-localised with CTB and CD9, but not caveolin-1. In contrast, internalisation is a relatively slow process, delivering SVLP into the cell periphery where they are maintained for a number of hrs in association with microtubules. Although there is early association with clathrin, this is no longer seen after 10 min. Association with EEA-1(+) early endosomes is also early, but proteolytic processing appears slow, the SVLP-vesicles remaining peripheral. Association with transferrin occurs rarely, and only in the periphery, possibly signifying translocation of some SVLP for delivery to B-lymphocytes. Most SVLP co-localise with high molecular weight dextran. Uptake of both is impaired with mature DC, but there remains a residual uptake of SVLP. These results imply that DC use multiple endocytic routes for SVLP uptake, dominated by caveolin-independent, lipid raft-mediated macropinocytosis. With most SVLP-containing vesicles being retained in the periphery, not always interacting with early endosomes, this relates to slow proteolytic degradation and antigen retention by DC. The present characterization allows for a definition of how DC handle virus-like particles showing efficacious immunogenicity, elements valuable for novel vaccine design in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Sharma
- Institute of Virology and Immunoprophylaxis, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
| | - Arin Ghasparian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - John A. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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35
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Hara-Yokoyama M, Kukimoto-Niino M, Terasawa K, Harumiya S, Podyma-Inoue KA, Hino N, Sakamoto K, Itoh S, Hashii N, Hiruta Y, Kawasaki N, Mishima-Tsumagari C, Kaitsu Y, Matsumoto T, Wakiyama M, Shirouzu M, Kasama T, Takayanagi H, Utsunomiya-Tate N, Takatsu K, Katada T, Hirabayashi Y, Yokoyama S, Yanagishita M. Tetrameric interaction of the ectoenzyme CD38 on the cell surface enables its catalytic and raft-association activities. Structure 2012; 20:1585-95. [PMID: 22863568 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2012.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The leukocyte cell-surface antigen CD38 is the major nicotinamide adenide dinucleotide glycohydrolase in mammals, and its ectoenzyme activity is involved in calcium mobilization. CD38 is also a raft-dependent signaling molecule. CD38 forms a tetramer on the cell surface, but the structural basis and the functional significance of tetramerization have remained unexplored. We identified the interfaces contributing to the homophilic interaction of mouse CD38 by site-specific crosslinking on the cell surface with an expanded genetic code, based on a crystallographic analysis. A combination of the three interfaces enables CD38 to tetramerize: one interface involving the juxtamembrane α-helix is responsible for the formation of the core dimer, which is further dimerized via the other two interfaces. This dimerization of dimers is required for the catalytic activity and the localization of CD38 in membrane rafts. The glycosylation prevents further self-association of the tetramer. Accordingly, the tetrameric interaction underlies the multifaceted actions of CD38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Hara-Yokoyama
- Section of Biochemistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
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HDL and ApoA-I inhibit antigen presentation-mediated T cell activation by disrupting lipid rafts in antigen presenting cells. Atherosclerosis 2012; 225:105-14. [PMID: 22862966 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depletion of cholesterol by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) on peptide-loaded antigen presenting cells (APCs) inhibits antigen presentation and T cell activation. However, whether membrane cholesterol efflux induced by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) also results in inhibition of antigen presentation and T cell activation is still unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Various types of APCs, including B cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), were first loaded with antigen, then incubated with HDL and apoA-I to decrease cellular membrane cholesterol content. After being treated with HDL and apoA-I, APCs demonstrated decreased potential to activate T cells, and this decrease correlated with an increase in cholesterol efflux from APCs. Cholesterol repletion reversed the inhibitory effects of HDL and apoA-I, demonstrating that the observed reduction in T cell proliferation is mediated through cholesterol. Furthermore, lipid raft analysis showed that HDL and apoA-I reduced cholesterol and major histocompatibility (MHC) class II protein content in lipid rafts, suggesting that cholesterol efflux from APCs to HDL and apoA-I inhibits antigen presentation and T cell activation by reducing lipid rafts assembly in APCs. CONCLUSION HDL and apoA-I inhibit the capacity of APCs to stimulate T cell activation, and this inhibition can be attributed to cholesterol efflux and the ensuing disruption of plasma membrane lipid rafts in APCs. Overall, these findings suggest that cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL and apoA-I may serve to link immunity and cardioprotection.
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The CD49d/CD29 complex is physically and functionally associated with CD38 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leukemia 2012; 26:1301-12. [PMID: 22289918 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CD49d and CD38 are independent negative prognostic markers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Their associated expression marks a disease subset with a highly aggressive clinical course. Here, we demonstrate a constitutive physical association between the CD49d/CD29 integrin complex and CD38 in primary CLL cells and B-cell lines by (i) cocapping, (ii) coimmunoprecipitation and (iii) cell adhesion experiments using CD49d-specific substrates (vascular-cell adhesion molecule-1 or CS-1/H89 fibronectin fragments). The role of CD38 in CD49d-mediated cell adhesion was studied in CD49d(+)CD38(+) and CD49d(+)CD38(-) primary CLL cells, and confirmed using CD38 transfectants of the originally CD49d(+)CD38(-) CLL-derived cell line Mec-1. Results indicate that CD49d(+)CD38(+) cells adhered more efficiently onto CD49d-specific substrates than CD49d(+)CD38(-) cells (P < 0.001). Upon adhesion, CD49d(+)CD38(+) cells underwent distinctive changes in cell shape and morphology, with higher levels of phosphorylated Vav-1 than CD49d(+)CD38(-) cells (P = 0.0006) and a more complex distribution of F-actin to the adhesion sites. Lastly, adherent CD49d(+)CD38(+) cells were more resistant to serum-deprivation-induced (P < 0.001) and spontaneous (P = 0.03) apoptosis than the CD49d(+)CD38(-) counterpart. Altogether, our results point to a direct role for CD38 in enhancing CD49d-mediated adhesion processes in CLL, thus providing an explanation for the negative clinical impact exerted by these molecules when coexpressed in neoplastic cells.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HDLs possess several physiological activities that may explain their antiatherosclerotic properties. Among them, the most relevant is the ability of HDL to promote the efflux of excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver for excretion. RECENT FINDINGS The ability of HDL to promote cholesterol efflux results also in the modulation of a series of responses in the immune cells involved in atherosclerosis, including monocyte-macrophages, B and T lymphocytes. HDL also acts as a reservoir for a number of biologically active substances that may impact the immune system, and as the HDL composition varies to a large extent during inflammation. SUMMARY The understanding of how these interactions take place and how biologically active substances can be delivered to relevant targets during atherogenesis is of great interest and may provide a better understanding for the role of HDL in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe D Norata
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Centro SISA per lo Studio dell'Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy
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Akuthota P, Melo RCN, Spencer LA, Weller PF. MHC Class II and CD9 in human eosinophils localize to detergent-resistant membrane microdomains. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 46:188-95. [PMID: 21885678 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0335oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils function in murine allergic airways inflammation as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In murine professional APC cell types, optimal functioning of MHC Class II depends on its lateral association in plasma membranes and colocalization with the tetraspanin CD9 into detergent-resistant membrane microdomains (DRMs). With human eosinophils, we evaluated the localization of MHC Class II (HLA-DR) to DRMs and the functional significance of such localization. In granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-stimulated human eosinophils, antibody cross-linked HLA-DR colocalized by immunofluorescence microscopy focally on plasma membranes with CD9 and the DRM marker ganglioside GM1. In addition, HLA-DR coimmunoprecipitates with CD9 after chemical cross-linking of CD9. HLA-DR and CD9 were localized by Western blotting in eosinophil DRM subcellular fractions. DRM disruption with the cholesterol-depleting agent methyl-β-cyclodextrin decreased eosinophil surface expression of HLA-DR and CD9. We show that CD9 is abundant on the surface of eosinophils, presenting the first electron microscopy data of the ultrastructural immunolocalization of CD9 in human eosinophils. Disruption of HLA-DR-containing DRMs decreased the ability of superantigen-loaded human eosinophils to stimulate CD4(+) T-cell activation (CD69 expression), proliferation, and cytokine production. Our results, which demonstrate that eosinophil MHC Class II localizes to DRMs in association with CD9 in a functionally significant manner, represent a novel insight into the organization of the antigen presentation complex of human eosinophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Akuthota
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Emerging role of high density lipoproteins as a player in the immune system. Atherosclerosis 2011; 220:11-21. [PMID: 21783193 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
High density lipoproteins (HDL) possess a number of physiological activities. The most studied and, perhaps, better understood is the ability of HDL to promote excess cholesterol efflux from peripheral tissues and transport to the liver for excretion, a mechanism believed to confer protection against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The ability of HDL to modulate cholesterol bioavailability in the lipid rafts, membrane microdomains enriched in glycosphingolipids and cholesterol, is evolutionary conserved and affects the properties of cells involved in the innate and adaptive immune response, tuning inflammatory response and antigen presentation functions in macrophages as well as B and T cell activation. Also sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P), a major active sphingolipid carried by HDL, is of relevance in the pathogenesis of several immuno-inflammatory disorders through the modulation of macrophage and lymphocyte functions. Furthermore, HDL influence the humoral innate immunity by modulating the activation of the complement system and the expression of pentraxin 3 (PTX3). Finally, in humans, HDL levels and functions are altered in several immune-mediated disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus eritematosus, Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis as well as during inflammatory responses. Altogether these observations suggest that the effects of HDL in immunity could be related, to either the ability of HDL to modulate cholesterol content in immune cell lipid rafts and to their role as reservoir for several biologically active substances that may impact the immune system.
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Busman-Sahay K, Sargent E, Harton JA, Drake JR. The Ia.2 epitope defines a subset of lipid raft-resident MHC class II molecules crucial to effective antigen presentation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:6710-7. [PMID: 21543648 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous work established that binding of the 11-5.2 anti-I-A(k) mAb, which recognizes the Ia.2 epitope on I-A(k) class II molecules, elicits MHC class II signaling, whereas binding of two other anti-I-A(k) mAbs that recognize the Ia.17 epitope fail to elicit signaling. Using a biochemical approach, we establish that the Ia.2 epitope recognized by the widely used 11-5.2 mAb defines a subset of cell surface I-A(k) molecules predominantly found within membrane lipid rafts. Functional studies demonstrate that the Ia.2-bearing subset of I-A(k) class II molecules is critically necessary for effective B cell-T cell interactions, especially at low Ag doses, a finding consistent with published studies on the role of raft-resident class II molecules in CD4 T cell activation. Interestingly, B cells expressing recombinant I-A(k) class II molecules possessing a β-chain-tethered hen egg lysosome peptide lack the Ia.2 epitope and fail to partition into lipid rafts. Moreover, cells expressing Ia.2(-) tethered peptide-class II molecules are severely impaired in their ability to present both tethered peptide or peptide derived from exogenous Ag to CD4 T cells. These results establish the Ia.2 epitope as defining a lipid raft-resident MHC class II conformer vital to the initiation of MHC class II-restricted B cell-T cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Busman-Sahay
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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Kissner TL, Ruthel G, Alam S, Ulrich RG, Fernandez S, Saikh KU. Activation of MyD88 signaling upon staphylococcal enterotoxin binding to MHC class II molecules. PLoS One 2011; 6:e15985. [PMID: 21283748 PMCID: PMC3024394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligands binding to Toll-like receptor (TLR), interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1R), or IFN-γR1 are known to trigger MyD88-mediated signaling, which activates pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. Recently we reported that staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEA or SEB), which bind to MHC class II molecules on APCs and cross link T cell receptors, activate MyD88- mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. We also reported that MyD88−/− mice were resistant to SE- induced toxic shock and had reduced levels of serum cytokines. In this study, we investigated whether MHC class II- SE interaction by itself is sufficient to activate MyD88 in MHC class II+ cells and induce downstream pro-inflammatory signaling and production of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Here we report that human monocytes treated with SEA, SEB, or anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibodies up regulated MyD88 expression, induced activation of NF-kB, and increased expression of IL-1R1 accessory protein, TNF-α and IL-1β. MyD88 immunoprecipitated from cell extracts after SEB stimulation showed a greater proportion of MyD88 phosphorylation compared to unstimulated cells indicating that MyD88 was a component of intracellular signaling. MyD88 downstream proteins such as IRAK4 and TRAF6 were also up regulated in monocytes after SEB stimulation. In addition to monocytes, primary B cells up regulated MyD88 in response to SEA or SEB stimulation. Importantly, in contrast to primary B cells, MHC class II deficient T2 cells had no change of MyD88 after SEA or SEB stimulation, whereas MHC class II-independent activation of MyD88 was elicited by CpG or LPS. Collectively, these results demonstrate that MHC class II utilizes a MyD88-mediated signaling mechanism when in contact with ligands such as SEs to induce pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri L. Kissner
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gordon Ruthel
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shahabuddin Alam
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Robert G. Ulrich
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stefan Fernandez
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kamal U. Saikh
- Department of Immunology, Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tze LE, Horikawa K, Domaschenz H, Howard DR, Roots CM, Rigby RJ, Way DA, Ohmura-Hoshino M, Ishido S, Andoniou CE, Degli-Esposti MA, Goodnow CC. CD83 increases MHC II and CD86 on dendritic cells by opposing IL-10-driven MARCH1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. J Exp Med 2011; 208:149-65. [PMID: 21220452 PMCID: PMC3023131 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20092203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective vaccine adjuvants must induce expression of major histocompatibility (MHC) class II proteins and the costimulatory molecule CD86 on dendritic cells (DCs). However, some adjuvants elicit production of cytokines resulting in adverse inflammatory consequences. Development of agents that selectively increase MHC class II and CD86 expression without triggering unwanted cytokine production requires a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms influencing the production and degradation of MHC class II and CD86 in DCs. Here, we investigate how CD83, an immunoglobulin protein expressed on the surface of mature DCs, promotes MHC class II and CD86 expression. Using mice with an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mutation eliminating the transmembrane (TM) region of CD83, we found that the TM domain of CD83 enhances MHC class II and CD86 expression by blocking MHC class II association with the ubiquitin ligase MARCH1. The TM region of CD83 blocks interleukin 10-driven, MARCH1-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of MHC class II and CD86 in DCs. Exploiting this posttranslational pathway for boosting MHC class II and CD86 expression on DCs may provide an opportunity to enhance the immunogenicity of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina E. Tze
- Immunology Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Keisuke Horikawa
- Immunology Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Heather Domaschenz
- Immunology Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Debbie R. Howard
- Immunology Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Carla M. Roots
- Immunology Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Robert J. Rigby
- Immunology Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - David A. Way
- Immunology Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Mari Ohmura-Hoshino
- Laboratory for Infectious Immunity, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishido
- Laboratory for Infectious Immunity, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Christopher E. Andoniou
- Immunology and Virology Program, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti
- Immunology and Virology Program, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Christopher C. Goodnow
- Immunology Department, John Curtin School of Medical Research, the Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
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Kawano N, Yoshida K, Miyado K, Yoshida M. Lipid rafts: keys to sperm maturation, fertilization, and early embryogenesis. J Lipids 2011; 2011:264706. [PMID: 21490798 PMCID: PMC3068481 DOI: 10.1155/2011/264706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell membranes are composed of many different lipids and protein receptors, which are important for regulating intracellular functions and cell signaling. To orchestrate these activities, the cell membrane is compartmentalized into microdomains that are stably or transiently formed. These compartments are called "lipid rafts". In gamete cells that lack gene transcription, distribution of lipids and proteins on these lipid rafts is focused during changes in their structure and functions such as starting flagella movement and membrane fusion. In this paper, we describe the role of lipid rafts in gamete maturation, fertilization, and early embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Kawano
- Division of Gamete and Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yoshida
- Biomedical Engineering Center, Toin University of Yokohama, Yokohama 225-8502, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyado
- Division of Gamete and Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Manabu Yoshida
- Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Miura, Kanagawa 238-0225, Japan
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Porter KA, Kelley LN, Nekorchuk MD, Jones JH, Hahn AB, de Noronha CMC, Harton JA, Duus KM. CIITA enhances HIV-1 attachment to CD4+ T cells leading to enhanced infection and cell depletion. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 185:6480-8. [PMID: 21041720 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Activated CD4(+) T cells are more susceptible to HIV infection than resting T cells; the reason for this remains unresolved. Induction of CIITA and subsequent expression of the MHC class II isotype HLA-DR are hallmarks of CD4(+) T cell activation; therefore, we investigated the role of CIITA expression in T cells during HIV infection. CIITA-expressing SupT1 cells display enhanced virion attachment in a gp160/CD4-dependent manner, which results in increased HIV infection, virus release, and T cell depletion. Although increased attachment and infection of T cells correlated with HLA-DR surface expression, Ab blocking, transient expression of HLA-DR without CIITA, and short hairpin RNA knockdown demonstrate that HLA-DR does not directly enhance susceptibility of CIITA-expressing cells to HIV infection. Further analysis of the remaining MHC class II isotypes, HLA-DP and HLA-DQ, MHC class I isotypes, HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C, and the class II Ag presentation genes, invariant chain and HLA-DM, demonstrate that these proteins likely do not contribute to CIITA enhancement of HIV infection. Finally, we demonstrate that in activated primary CD4(+) T cells as HLA-DR/CIITA expression increases there is a corresponding increase in virion attachment. Overall, this work suggests that induction of CIITA expression upon CD4(+) T cell activation contributes to enhanced attachment, infection, virus release, and cell death through an undefined CIITA transcription product that may serve as a new antiviral target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Porter
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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Zumaquero E, Muñoz P, Cobo M, Lucena G, Pavón EJ, Martín A, Navarro P, García-Pérez A, Ariza-Veguillas A, Malavasi F, Sancho J, Zubiaur M. Exosomes from human lymphoblastoid B cells express enzymatically active CD38 that is associated with signaling complexes containing CD81, Hsc-70 and Lyn. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:2692-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Khandelwal S, Roche PA. Distinct MHC class II molecules are associated on the dendritic cell surface in cholesterol-dependent membrane microdomains. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:35303-10. [PMID: 20833718 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.147793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Very small amounts of MHC class II-peptide complexes expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are capable of stimulating antigen-specific CD4 T cells. There is intense interest to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which these small amounts of MHC-II can cluster, cross-link T cell receptors, and promote T cell proliferation. We now demonstrate that a significant fraction of the total pool of MHC-II molecules on the surface of dendritic cells is physically associated in macromolecular aggregates. These MHC-II/MHC-II interactions have been probed by co-immunoprecipitation analysis of the MHC-II I-A molecule with the related I-E molecule. These molecular associations are maintained in gentle detergents but are disrupted in harsh detergents such as Triton X-100. MHC-II I-A/I-E interactions are disrupted when plasma membrane cholesterol is extracted using methyl β-cyclodextrin, suggesting that lipid raft microdomains are important mediators of these MHC-II interactions. Although it has been proposed that tetraspanin proteins regulate molecular clustering, aggregation, and co-immunoprecipitation in APCs, genetic deletion of the tetraspanin family members CD9 or CD81 had no effect on MHC-II I-A/I-E binding. These data demonstrate that the presence of distinct forms of MHC-II with plasma membrane lipid rafts is required for MHC-II aggregation in APCs and provides a molecular mechanism allowing dendritic cells expressing small amounts of MHC-II-peptide complexes to cross-link and stimulate CD4 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Khandelwal
- Experimental Immunology Branch, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Wang SH, Yuan SG, Peng DQ, Zhao SP. High-density lipoprotein affects antigen presentation by interfering with lipid raft: a promising anti-atherogenic strategy. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 160:137-42. [PMID: 20059478 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.04068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. Immunomodulation of atherosclerosis emerges as a promising approach to prevention and treatment of this widely prevalent disease. The function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to promote reverse cholesterol transport may explain the ability of its protection against atherosclerosis. Findings that HDL and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) inhibited the ability of antigen presenting cells (APCs) to stimulate T cells might be attributed to lipid raft, a cholesterol-rich microdomain exhibiting functional properties depending largely upon its lipid composition. Thus, modulating cholesterol in lipid raft may provide a promising anti-atherogenic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Transcutaneous immunization with novel lipid-based adjuvants induces protection against gastric Helicobacter pylori infection. Vaccine 2009; 27:6983-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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50
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Haylett RS, Koch N, Rink L. MHC class II molecules activate NFAT and the ERK group of MAPK through distinct signaling pathways in B cells. Eur J Immunol 2009; 39:1947-55. [PMID: 19544309 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200838992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
MHC class II (MHC-II) molecules are capable of transducing signals with the help of associated molecules. Although the search to find associated molecules over the past few years has been fruitful, it remains clear that not all signaling components and their mechanisms of action have been identified. In this study, we investigated calcium and MAPK signaling pathways using the BJAB and Raji human B cell lines. We demonstrate that calcium mobilization is an isotype-independent event that triggers the dephosphorylation of NFAT. We also show that BCR activation followed by MHC-II ligation increases the activation of NFAT. This signaling pathway differs from MHC-II-mediated MAP activation, where MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation are isotype-specific events, which correspond to the induction of c-Fos and formation of AP-1. Future studies should elucidate the intertwined, intricate signaling cascades triggered by BCR and MHC-II leading to humoral immune responses.
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