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Song Y, Liu P, Qi X, Shi XL, Wang YS, Guo D, Luo H, Du ZJ, Wang MY. Helicobacter pylori infection delays neutrophil apoptosis and exacerbates inflammatory response. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:1145-1156. [PMID: 39056165 DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2360798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Understanding molecular mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced inflammation is important for developing new therapeutic strategies for gastrointestinal diseases.Materials & methods: We designed an H. pylori-neutrophil infection model and explored the effects of H. pylori infection on neutrophils.Results: H. pylori infected neutrophils showed a low level of apoptosis. H. pylori stimulation activated the NACHT/LRR/PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3)-gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pathway for interleukin (IL)-1β secretion. However, IL-1β secretion was not completely dependent on GSDMD, as inhibition of autophagy significantly reduced IL-1β release, and autophagy-related molecules were significantly upregulated in H. pylori-infected neutrophils.Conclusion: Therefore, H. pylori infection inhibits neutrophils apoptosis and induces IL-1β secretion through autophagy. These findings may be utilized to formulate therapeutic strategies against H. pylori mediated chronic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Song
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
| | - Xi Qi
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lin Shi
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Yu-Shan Wang
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
| | - Hong Luo
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, PR China
| | - Zong-Jun Du
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China
| | - Ming-Yi Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, PR China
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, PR China
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Wang Z, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Wu L, Wang L, Lin Q, Wan B. An Intriguing Structural Modification in Neutrophil Migration Across Blood Vessels to Inflammatory Sites: Progress in the Core Mechanisms. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:67-75. [PMID: 37962751 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The role and function of neutrophils are well known, but we still have incomplete understanding of the mechanisms by which neutrophils migrate from blood vessels to inflammatory sites. Neutrophil migration is a complex process that involves several distinct steps. To resist the blood flow and maintain their rolling, neutrophils employ tether and sling formation. They also polarize and form pseudopods and uropods, guided by hierarchical chemotactic agents that enable precise directional movement. Meanwhile, chemotactic agents secreted by neutrophils, such as CXCL1, CXCL8, LTB4, and C5a, can recruit more neutrophils and amplify their response. In the context of diapedesis neutrophils traverse the endothelial cells via two pathways: the transmigratory cup and the lateral border recycling department. These structures aid in overcoming the narrow pore size of the endothelial barrier, resulting in more efficient transmembrane migration. Interestingly, neutrophils exhibit a preference for the paracellular pathway over the transcellular pathway, likely due to the former's lower resistance. In this review, we will delve into the intricate process of neutrophil migration by focusing on critical structures that underpins this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yufang Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yulei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Liangquan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Qiuqi Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Bing Wan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
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Shao BZ, Liu MZ, Zhu DN, Yan H, Ke P, Wei W, Han T, Liu C. Depletion of β-arrestin-1 in macrophages enhances atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111085. [PMID: 37866313 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy in atherosclerotic plaque macrophage contributes to the alleviation of atherosclerosis through the promotion of lipid metabolism. β-arrestins are multifunctional proteins participating various kinds of cellular signaling pathways. Here we aimed to determine the role of β-arrestin-1, an important member of β-arrestin family, in atherosclerosis, and whether autophagy was involved in this process. ApoE-/-β-arrestin-1fl/flLysM-Cre mice were created through bone marrow transplantation for the atherosclerosis model with conditional myeloid knocking out β-arrestin-1. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were used for the in vitro studies. Oil red O staining was used to detect the lesional area. F4/80, Masson trichrome and picro-Sirius red staining were applied for the determination of plaque stability. Real-time PCR was used for the detection of levels of lipid metabolism-related receptors. Electron microscopy and tandem fluorescent mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid was applied to test autophagy level. We found that β-arrestin-1 was highly increased in expression in plaque macrophage on the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Conditional myeloid knocking out β-arrestin-1 largely promotes plaque formation and vulnerability. In murine macrophage with lipid loading, knocking down β-arrestin-1 enhanced foam cell formation and levels of plasma and cellular cholesterol, while overexpressing β-arrestin-1 led to the opposite effects. The alleviative effects induced by macrophage β-arrestin-1 in atherosclerosis were involved in autophagy, based on the reduction of autophagy level with the knocking down of macrophage β-arrestin-1 and administration of autophagy inhibitors which largely attenuated the decreasing effect on foam cell formation. Our results demonstrated for the first time that macrophage β-arrestin-1 protected against atherosclerosis through the induction of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Zong Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Meng-Zhen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Dan-Ni Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Ping Ke
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University/Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433 China.
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4
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Damascena HL, Silveira WAA, Castro MS, Fontes W. Neutrophil Activated by the Famous and Potent PMA (Phorbol Myristate Acetate). Cells 2022; 11:2889. [PMID: 36139464 PMCID: PMC9496763 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review will briefly outline the major signaling pathways in PMA-activated neutrophils. PMA is widely used to understand neutrophil pathways and formation of NETs. PMA activates PKC; however, we highlight some isoforms that contribute to specific functions. PKC α, β and δ contribute to ROS production while PKC βII and PKC ζ are involved in cytoskeleton remodeling. Actin polymerization is important for the chemotaxis of neutrophils and its remodeling is connected to ROS balance. We suggest that, although ROS and production of NETs are usually observed together in PMA-activated neutrophils, there might be a regulatory mechanism balancing both. Interestingly, we suggest that serine proteases might determine the PAD4 action. PAD4 could be responsible for the activation of the NF-κB pathway that leads to IL-1β release, triggering the cleavage of gasdermin D by serine proteases such as elastase, leading to pore formation contributing to release of NETs. On the other hand, when serine proteases are inhibited, NETs are formed by citrullination through the PAD4 pathway. This review puts together results from the last 31 years of research on the effects of PMA on the neutrophil and proposes new insights on their interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wagner Fontes
- Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
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Abstract
Pten is one of the most frequently mutated tumour suppressor gene in cancer. PTEN is generally altered in invasive cancers such as glioblastomas, but its function in collective cell migration and invasion is not fully characterised. Herein, we report that the loss of PTEN increases cell speed during collective migration of non-tumourous cells both in vitro and in vivo. We further show that loss of PTEN promotes LKB1-dependent phosphorylation and activation of the major metabolic regulator AMPK. In turn AMPK increases VASP phosphorylation, reduces VASP localisation at cell-cell junctions and decreases the interjunctional transverse actin arcs at the leading front, provoking a weakening of cell-cell contacts and increasing migration speed. Targeting AMPK activity not only slows down PTEN-depleted cells, it also limits PTEN-null glioblastoma cell invasion, opening new opportunities to treat glioblastoma lethal invasiveness. Pten is a tumour suppressor gene that is associated with highly invasive cancers such as glioblastoma. Here the authors show that PTEN loss results in increased migratory behaviour, which can be countered by targeting AMPK activity.
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6
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Silva GPD, Fernandes DC, Vigliano MV, Pinto FA, Fonseca END, Santos SVM, Marques PR, Gayer CRM, Velozo LSM, Lima CKFD, Palhares de Miranda AL, Justo MDG, Sabino KCDC, Coelho MGP. Echinodorus macrophyllus: Hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives reduces neutrophil migration through modulation of cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandin in the air-pouch model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114757. [PMID: 34673225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Brazil, Echinodorus macrophyllus (Alismataceae), popularly known as chapéu-de-couro, is used to treat inflammatory diseases. Previous studies have shown a significant decrease in the acute inflammation for the aqueous extract of E. macrophyllus (AEEm) and its ethanolic fraction (Fr20). AIM OF THE STUDY This work fractionated Fr20, identified the fraction and substances responsible for the in vivo anti-inflammatory property, and demonstrated important immunomodulatory mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fr20 was fractionated using Sephadex LH-20, and the most active fraction was chromatographically analyzed (HPLC-DAD and UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS). Leukotriene B4, Prostaglandin E2, and cytokines were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and in vivo acute inflammation by the air pouch model. RESULTS The subfractions SF1, SF3, and mainly the SF4 decreased NO levels (p < 0.05). SF3 and SF4 showed high DPPH scavenger activity. SF1 was more effective than SF4 in reducing vasodilation, redness, and leukocyte migration into the 4-h air pouch. SF1 inhibited 90.5% (100 mg/kg) and SF4 54.0% (50 mg/kg), mainly affecting the number of neutrophils. SF1 and SF4 reduced the protein level in the exudate. SF1 was also more effective in inhibiting neutrophil migration in a transwell assay (46.3%) and reduced (86.1%) the Leukotriene B4 level in the exudate. After five days of treatment, some SF1 anti-inflammatory mechanisms were evaluated in the air pouch's 24 h exudate and tissue. Despite the high level of inflammation of the control group in this condition, SF1 confirmed the decrease in the protein level and neutrophils migration into the pouch. It decreased the number of bone marrow cells, indicating a systemic effect of SF1. SF1 also decreased TNF-α (87%), IL-1β (77%), CKCL1/KC (71.3%), and PGE2 (97.8%) and increased IL-10 (74.1%) levels in the air pouch exudate. Phytochemical analysis of SF1 indicates mainly hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives. CONCLUSION Hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives present in SF1 are related to the crucial anti-inflammatory mechanisms of E. macrophyllus, decreasing the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, CKCL1/KC, LTB4, and PGE2 on the exudate. These results explain the reduction of vasodilatation, erythema, and neutrophil migration into the air pouch model, confirming this plant's anti-inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girlaine Pereira da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniele Corrêa Fernandes
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Vieira Vigliano
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Araújo Pinto
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Nunes da Fonseca
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Shirley Vânia Moura Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Marques
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Machado Gayer
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leosvaldo Salazar Marques Velozo
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Luisa Palhares de Miranda
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria da Graça Justo
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia Costa de Carvalho Sabino
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marsen Garcia Pinto Coelho
- Department of Biochemistry and, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Papa A, Pandolfi PP. PTEN in Immunity. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:95-115. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Ding X, Kambara H, Guo R, Kanneganti A, Acosta-Zaldívar M, Li J, Liu F, Bei T, Qi W, Xie X, Han W, Liu N, Zhang C, Zhang X, Yu H, Zhao L, Ma F, Köhler JR, Luo HR. Inflammasome-mediated GSDMD activation facilitates escape of Candida albicans from macrophages. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6699. [PMID: 34795266 PMCID: PMC8602704 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27034-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most common cause of fungal sepsis. Inhibition of inflammasome activity confers resistance to polymicrobial and LPS-induced sepsis; however, inflammasome signaling appears to protect against C. albicans infection, so inflammasome inhibitors are not clinically useful for candidiasis. Here we show disruption of GSDMD, a known inflammasome target and key pyroptotic cell death mediator, paradoxically alleviates candidiasis, improving outcomes and survival of Candida-infected mice. Mechanistically, C. albicans hijacked the canonical inflammasome-GSDMD axis-mediated pyroptosis to promote their escape from macrophages, deploying hyphae and candidalysin, a pore-forming toxin expressed by hyphae. GSDMD inhibition alleviated candidiasis by preventing C. albicans escape from macrophages while maintaining inflammasome-dependent but GSDMD-independent IL-1β production for anti-fungal host defenses. This study demonstrates key functions for GSDMD in Candida's escape from host immunity in vitro and in vivo and suggests that GSDMD may be a potential therapeutic target in C. albicans-induced sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xionghui Ding
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Hiroto Kambara
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rongxia Guo
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key laboratory for prevention and control of hematological disease treatment related infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Apurva Kanneganti
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Maikel Acosta-Zaldívar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jiajia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key laboratory for prevention and control of hematological disease treatment related infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key laboratory for prevention and control of hematological disease treatment related infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Ting Bei
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wanjun Qi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xuemei Xie
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wenli Han
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ningning Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Cunling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hongbo Yu
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway West Roxbury, Boston, MA, 02132, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Fengxia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key laboratory for prevention and control of hematological disease treatment related infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Julia R Köhler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Enders Research Building, Room 814, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Peng Z, Zhao C, Du X, Yang Y, Li Y, Song Y, Fang B, Zhang Y, Qin X, Zhang Y, Li X, Wang Z, Li X, Liu G. Autophagy Induced by Palmitic Acid Regulates Neutrophil Adhesion Through the Granule-Dependent Degradation of αMβ2 Integrin in Dairy Cows With Fatty Liver. Front Immunol 2021; 12:726829. [PMID: 34691032 PMCID: PMC8529007 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.726829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
β2 integrins are critical for neutrophil firm adhesion, trans-endothelial migration, and the recruitment to the inflamed tissue. Autophagy is implicated in cell migration and tumor metastasis through facilitating the turnover of β1 integrins; however, whether autophagy is able to control neutrophil migration by promoting the degradation of β2 integrins is unexplored. Here, we show that high blood levels of palmitic acid (PA) strongly triggered neutrophil autophagy activation, leading to adhesion deficiency in dairy cows with fatty liver. The three neutrophil granule subtypes, namely, azurophil granules (AGs), specific granules (SGs), and gelatinase granules (GGs), were engulfed by the autophagosomes for degradation, resulting in an increased vacuolation in fatty liver dairy cow neutrophils. Importantly, the adhesion-associated molecules CD11b and CD18 distributed on AGs, SGs, and GGs were degraded with the three granule subtypes by autophagy. Moreover, FGA, Hsc70, and TRIM21 mediated the degradation of cytosolic oxidized–ubiquitinated CD11b and CD18. Collectively, our results demonstrate that high blood PA triggers neutrophil autophagy-dependent vacuolation and granule-dependent adhesion deficiency, decreasing neutrophil mobility, and impairing the innate immune system of dairy cow with fatty liver. This theory extends the category of autophagy in maintaining granule homeostasis and provides a novel strategy to improve the immune of dairy cows with metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Baochen Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xia Qin
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guowen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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10
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Fan Y, Teng Y, Loison F, Pang A, Kasorn A, Shao X, Zhang C, Ren Q, Yu H, Zheng Y, Cancelas JA, Manis J, Chai L, Park SY, Zhao L, Xu Y, Feng S, Silberstein LE, Ma F, Luo HR. Targeting multiple cell death pathways extends the shelf life and preserves the function of human and mouse neutrophils for transfusion. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/604/eabb1069. [PMID: 34321317 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Clinical outcomes from granulocyte transfusion (GTX) are disadvantaged by the short shelf life and compromised function of donor neutrophils. Spontaneous neutrophil death is heterogeneous and mediated by multiple pathways. Leveraging mechanistic knowledge and pharmacological screening, we identified a combined treatment, caspases-lysosomal membrane permeabilization-oxidant-necroptosis inhibition plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CLON-G), which altered neutrophil fate by simultaneously targeting multiple cell death pathways. CLON-G prolonged human and mouse neutrophil half-life in vitro from less than 1 day to greater than 5 days. CLON-G-treated aged neutrophils had equivalent morphology and function to fresh neutrophils, with no impairment to critical effector functions including phagocytosis, bacterial killing, chemotaxis, and reactive oxygen species production. Transfusion with stored CLON-G-treated 3-day-old neutrophils enhanced host defenses, alleviated infection-induced tissue damage, and prolonged survival as effectively as transfusion with fresh neutrophils in a clinically relevant murine GTX model of neutropenia-related bacterial pneumonia and systemic candidiasis. Last, CLON-G treatment prolonged the shelf life and preserved the function of apheresis-collected human GTX products both ex vivo and in vivo in immunodeficient mice. Thus, CLON-G treatment represents an effective and applicable clinical procedure for the storage and application of neutrophils in transfusion medicine, providing a therapeutic strategy for improving GTX efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Hematological Disease Treatment Related Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yan Teng
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fabien Loison
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aiming Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Hematological Disease Treatment Related Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Anongnard Kasorn
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xinqi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Hematological Disease Treatment Related Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Cunling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Hematological Disease Treatment Related Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Qian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Hematological Disease Treatment Related Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, West Roxbury, MA 02132, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jose A Cancelas
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Hoxworth Blood Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - John Manis
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Li Chai
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Li Zhao
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Hematological Disease Treatment Related Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Sizhou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Hematological Disease Treatment Related Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Leslie E Silberstein
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fengxia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, CAMS Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Hematological Disease Treatment Related Infection, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 288 Nanjing Road, Tianjin 300020, China.
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School; Division of Blood Bank, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital; and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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Michael M, McCormick B, Anderson KE, Karmakar U, Vermeren M, Schurmans S, Amour A, Vermeren S. The 5-Phosphatase SHIP2 Promotes Neutrophil Chemotaxis and Recruitment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:671756. [PMID: 33953730 PMCID: PMC8089392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.671756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant circulating leukocytes in humans have key roles in host defense and in the inflammatory response. Agonist-activated phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are important regulators of many facets of neutrophil biology. PIP3 is subject to dephosphorylation by several 5’ phosphatases, including SHIP family phosphatases, which convert the PI3K product and lipid second messenger phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) into PI(3,4)P2, a lipid second messenger in its own right. In addition to the leukocyte restricted SHIP1, neutrophils express the ubiquitous SHIP2. This study analyzed mice and isolated neutrophils carrying a catalytically inactive SHIP2, identifying an important regulatory function in neutrophil chemotaxis and directionality in vitro and in neutrophil recruitment to sites of sterile inflammation in vivo, in the absence of major defects of any other neutrophil functions analyzed, including, phagocytosis and the formation of reactive oxygen species. Mechanistically, this is explained by a subtle effect on global 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositide species. This work identifies a non-redundant role for the hitherto overlooked SHIP2 in the regulation of neutrophils, and specifically, neutrophil chemotaxis/trafficking. It completes an emerging wider understanding of the complexity of PI3K signaling in the neutrophil, and the roles played by individual kinases and phosphatases within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Michael
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Barry McCormick
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E Anderson
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Utsa Karmakar
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthieu Vermeren
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stéphane Schurmans
- Laboratory of Functional Genetics, GIGA Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Augustin Amour
- Adaptive Immunity Research Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja Vermeren
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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12
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Jiang Q, Zhao Y, Shui Y, Zhou X, Cheng L, Ren B, Chen Z, Li M. Interactions Between Neutrophils and Periodontal Pathogens in Late-Onset Periodontitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:627328. [PMID: 33777839 PMCID: PMC7994856 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.627328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-onset periodontitis is associated with a series of inflammatory reactions induced by periodontal pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone pathogen involved in periodontitis. Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in the periodontal pocket/gingival crevice and inflamed periodontal tissues. They form a “wall” between the dental plaque and the junctional epithelium, preventing microbial invasion. The balance between neutrophils and the microbial community is essential to periodontal homeostasis. Excessive activation of neutrophils in response to periodontal pathogens can induce tissue damage and lead to periodontitis persistence. Therefore, illuminating the interactions between neutrophils and periodontal pathogens is critical for progress in the field of periodontitis. The present review aimed to summarize the interactions between neutrophils and periodontal pathogens in late-onset periodontitis, including neutrophil recruitment, neutrophil mechanisms to clear the pathogens, and pathogen strategies to evade neutrophil-mediated elimination of bacteria. The recruitment is a multi-step process, including tethering and rolling, adhesion, crawling, and transmigration. Neutrophils clear the pathogens mainly by phagocytosis, respiratory burst responses, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. The mechanisms that pathogens activate to evade neutrophil-mediated killing include impairing neutrophil recruitment, preventing phagocytosis, uncoupling killing from inflammation, and resistance to ROS, degranulation products, and NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yusen Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Montaño-Rendón F, Grinstein S, Walpole GFW. Monitoring Phosphoinositide Fluxes and Effectors During Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Phagocytosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:626136. [PMID: 33614656 PMCID: PMC7890364 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.626136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic re-organization of cellular membranes in response to extracellular stimuli is fundamental to the cell physiology of myeloid and lymphoid cells of the immune system. In addition to maintaining cellular homeostatic functions, remodeling of the plasmalemma and endomembranes endow leukocytes with the potential to relay extracellular signals across their biological membranes to promote rolling adhesion and diapedesis, migration into the tissue parenchyma, and to ingest foreign particles and effete cells. Phosphoinositides, signaling lipids that control the interface of biological membranes with the external environment, are pivotal to this wealth of functions. Here, we highlight the complex metabolic transitions that occur to phosphoinositides during several stages of the leukocyte lifecycle, namely diapedesis, migration, and phagocytosis. We describe classical and recently developed tools that have aided our understanding of these complex lipids. Finally, major downstream effectors of inositides are highlighted including the cytoskeleton, emphasizing the importance of these rare lipids in immunity and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Montaño-Rendón
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sergio Grinstein
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Glenn F W Walpole
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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14
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Taylor H, Laurence ADJ, Uhlig HH. The Role of PTEN in Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2019; 9:cshperspect.a036996. [PMID: 31501268 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The lipid and protein phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) controls the differentiation and activation of multiple immune cells. PTEN acts downstream from T- and B-cell receptors, costimulatory molecules, cytokine receptors, integrins, and also growth factor receptors. Loss of PTEN activity in human and mice is associated with cellular and humoral immune dysfunction, lymphoid hyperplasia, and autoimmunity. Although most patients with PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) have no immunological symptoms, a subclinical immune dysfunction is present in many, and clinical immunodeficiency in few. Comparison of the immune phenotype caused by PTEN haploinsufficiency in PHTS, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) gain-of-function in activated PI3K syndrome, and mice with conditional biallelic Pten deletion suggests a threshold model in which coordinated activity of several phosphatases control the PI3K signaling in a cell-type-specific manner. Emerging evidence highlights the role of PTEN in polygenic autoimmune disorders, infection, and the immunological response to cancer. Targeting the PI3K axis is an emerging therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Taylor
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Arian D J Laurence
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.,Department of Haematology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London WC1E 6AG, United Kingdom
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
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15
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The Msp Protein of Treponema denticola Interrupts Activity of Phosphoinositide Processing in Neutrophils. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00553-19. [PMID: 31481407 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00553-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a significant health burden, causing tooth loss and poor oral and overall systemic health. Dysbiosis of the oral biofilm and a dysfunctional immune response drive chronic inflammation, causing destruction of soft tissue and alveolar bone supporting the teeth. Treponema denticola, a spirochete abundant in the plaque biofilm of patients with severe periodontal disease, perturbs neutrophil function by modulating appropriate phosphoinositide (PIP) signaling. Through a series of immunoblotting and quantitative PCR (qPCR) experiments, we show that Msp does not alter the gene transcription or protein content of key enzymes responsible for PIP3 signaling: 3' phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), or 5' Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase 1 (SHIP1). Instead, using immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we found that Msp activates PTEN through dephosphorylation specifically at the S380 site. Msp in intact organisms or outer membrane vesicles also restricts PIP signaling. SHIP1 phosphatase release was assessed using chemical inhibition and immunoprecipitation to show that Msp moderately decreases SHIP1 activity. Msp also prevents secondary activation of the PTEN/PI3K response. We speculate that this result is due to the redirection of the PIP3 substrate away from SHIP1 to PTEN. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed a redistribution of PTEN from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane following exposure to Msp, which may contribute to PTEN activation. Mechanisms of how T. denticola modulates and evades the host immune response are still poorly described, and here we provide further mechanistic evidence of how spirochetes modify PIP signaling to dampen neutrophil function. Understanding how oral bacteria evade the immune response to perpetuate the cycle of inflammation and infection is critical for combating periodontal disease to improve overall health outcomes.
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16
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Revising PTEN in the Era of Immunotherapy: New Perspectives for an Old Story. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101525. [PMID: 31658667 PMCID: PMC6826982 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as the new therapeutic frontier of cancer treatment, showing enormous survival benefits in multiple tumor diseases. Although undeniable success has been observed in clinical trials, not all patients respond to treatment. Different concurrent conditions can attenuate or completely abrogate the usefulness of immunotherapy due to the activation of several escape mechanisms. Indeed, the tumor microenvironment has an almost full immunosuppressive profile, creating an obstacle to therapeutic treatment. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) governs a plethora of cellular processes, including maintenance of genomic stability, cell survival/apoptosis, migration, and metabolism. The repertoire of PTEN functions has recently been expanded to include regulation of the tumor microenvironment and immune system, leading to a drastic reevaluation of the canonical paradigm of PTEN action with new potential implications for immunotherapy-based approaches. Understanding the implication of PTEN in cancer immunoediting and immune evasion is crucial to develop new cancer intervention strategies. Recent evidence has shown a double context-dependent role of PTEN in anticancer immunity. Here we summarize the current knowledge of PTEN’s role at a crossroads between tumor and immune compartments, highlighting the most recent findings that are likely to change future clinical practice.
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17
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McCormick B, Craig HE, Chu JY, Carlin LM, Canel M, Wollweber F, Toivakka M, Michael M, Astier AL, Norton L, Lilja J, Felton JM, Sasaki T, Ivaska J, Hers I, Dransfield I, Rossi AG, Vermeren S. A Negative Feedback Loop Regulates Integrin Inactivation and Promotes Neutrophil Recruitment to Inflammatory Sites. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 203:1579-1588. [PMID: 31427445 PMCID: PMC6731454 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are abundant circulating leukocytes that are rapidly recruited to sites of inflammation in an integrin-dependent fashion. Contrasting with the well-characterized regulation of integrin activation, mechanisms regulating integrin inactivation remain largely obscure. Using mouse neutrophils, we demonstrate in this study that the GTPase activating protein ARAP3 is a critical regulator of integrin inactivation; experiments with Chinese hamster ovary cells indicate that this is not restricted to neutrophils. Specifically, ARAP3 acts in a negative feedback loop downstream of PI3K to regulate integrin inactivation. Integrin ligand binding drives the activation of PI3K and of its effectors, including ARAP3, by outside-in signaling. ARAP3, in turn, promotes localized integrin inactivation by negative inside-out signaling. This negative feedback loop reduces integrin-mediated PI3K activity, with ARAP3 effectively switching off its own activator, while promoting turnover of substrate adhesions. In vitro, ARAP3-deficient neutrophils display defective PIP3 polarization, adhesion turnover, and transendothelial migration. In vivo, ARAP3-deficient neutrophils are characterized by a neutrophil-autonomous recruitment defect to sites of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry McCormick
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E Craig
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Y Chu
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Canel
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Wollweber
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Matilda Toivakka
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Melina Michael
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Anne L Astier
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, INSERM U1043, CNRS U5282, Université Toulouse, 31024 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - Laura Norton
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna Lilja
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jennifer M Felton
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Department of Biochemical Pathophysiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; and
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, INSERM U1043, CNRS U5282, Université Toulouse, 31024 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
| | - Ingeborg Hers
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Dransfield
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja Vermeren
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom;
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18
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PTENα promotes neutrophil chemotaxis through regulation of cell deformability. Blood 2019; 133:2079-2089. [PMID: 30926592 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2019-01-899864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are a major component of immune defense and are recruited through neutrophil chemotaxis in response to invading pathogens. However, the molecular mechanism that controls neutrophil chemotaxis remains unclear. Here, we report that PTENα, the first isoform identified in the PTEN family, regulates neutrophil deformability and promotes chemotaxis of neutrophils. A high level of PTENα is detected in neutrophils and lymphoreticular tissues. Homozygous deletion of PTENα impairs chemoattractant-induced migration of neutrophils. We show that PTENα physically interacts with cell membrane cross-linker moesin through its FERM domain and dephosphorylates moesin at Thr558, which disrupts the association of filamentous actin with the plasma membrane and subsequently induces morphologic changes in neutrophil pseudopodia. These results demonstrate that PTENα acts as a phosphatase of moesin and modulates neutrophil-mediated host immune defense. We propose that PTENα signaling is a potential target for the treatment of infections and immune diseases.
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19
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Ren C, Yuan Q, Braun M, Zhang X, Petri B, Zhang J, Kim D, Guez-Haddad J, Xue W, Pan W, Fan R, Kubes P, Sun Z, Opatowsky Y, Polleux F, Karatekin E, Tang W, Wu D. Leukocyte Cytoskeleton Polarization Is Initiated by Plasma Membrane Curvature from Cell Attachment. Dev Cell 2019; 49:206-219.e7. [PMID: 30930167 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cell polarization is important for various biological processes. However, its regulation, particularly initiation, is incompletely understood. Here, we investigated mechanisms by which neutrophils break their symmetry and initiate their cytoskeleton polarization from an apolar state in circulation for their extravasation during inflammation. We show here that a local increase in plasma membrane (PM) curvature resulting from cell contact to a surface triggers the initial breakage of the symmetry of an apolar neutrophil and is required for subsequent polarization events induced by chemical stimulation. This local increase in PM curvature recruits SRGAP2 via its F-BAR domain, which in turn activates PI4KA and results in PM PtdIns4P polarization. Polarized PM PtdIns4P is targeted by RPH3A, which directs PIP5K1C90 and subsequent phosphorylated myosin light chain polarization, and this polarization signaling axis regulates neutrophil firm attachment to endothelium. Thus, this study reveals a mechanism for the initiation of cell cytoskeleton polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Qianying Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Martha Braun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, the First affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Björn Petri
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases Mouse Phenomics Resource Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Dongjoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Julia Guez-Haddad
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Wenzhi Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Weijun Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Paul Kubes
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases Mouse Phenomics Resource Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, and Calvin, Phoebe, and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Zhaoxia Sun
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yarden Opatowsky
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Franck Polleux
- Department of Neuroscience, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Erdem Karatekin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Nanobiology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris, France.
| | - Wenwen Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Dianqing Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Vascular Biology and Therapeutic Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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20
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Feng SL, Zhou LW, Lü SQ, Zhang Y. Dynamic seesaw model for rapid signaling responses in eukaryotic chemotaxis. Phys Biol 2018; 15:056004. [PMID: 29757152 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/aac45b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Directed movement of eukaryotic cells toward spatiotemporally varied chemotactic stimuli enables rapid intracellular signaling responses. While macroscopic cellular manifestation is shaped by balancing external stimuli strength with finite internal delays, the organizing principles of the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be clarified. Here, we developed a novel modeling framework based on a simple seesaw mechanism to elucidate how cells repeatedly reverse polarity. As a key feature of the modeling, the bottom module of bidirectional molecular transport is successively controlled by three upstream modules of signal reception, initial signal processing, and Rho GTPase regulation. Our simulations indicated that an isotropic cell is polarized in response to a graded input signal. By applying a reversal gradient to a chemoattractant signal, lamellipod-specific molecules (i.e. PIP3 and PI3K) disappear, first from the cell front, and then they redistribute at the opposite side, whereas functional molecules at the rear of the cell (i.e. PIP2 and PTEN) act oppositely. In particular, the model cell exhibits a seesaw-like spatiotemporal pattern for the establishment of front and rear and interconversion, consistent with those related experimental observations. Increasing the switching frequency of the chemotactic gradient causes the cell to stay in a trapped state, further supporting the proposed dynamics of eukaryotic chemotaxis with the underlying cytoskeletal remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Liang Feng
- Institute of mechanical engineering and mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China. Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering and Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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21
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Elich M, Sauer K. Regulation of Hematopoietic Cell Development and Function Through Phosphoinositides. Front Immunol 2018; 9:931. [PMID: 29780388 PMCID: PMC5945867 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most paramount receptor-induced signal transduction mechanisms in hematopoietic cells is production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)trisphosphate (PIP3) by class I phosphoinositide 3 kinases (PI3K). Defective PIP3 signaling impairs almost every aspect of hematopoiesis, including T cell development and function. Limiting PIP3 signaling is particularly important, because excessive PIP3 function in lymphocytes can transform them and cause blood cancers. Here, we review the key functions of PIP3 and related phosphoinositides in hematopoietic cells, with a special focus on those mechanisms dampening PIP3 production, turnover, or function. Recent studies have shown that beyond “canonical” turnover by the PIP3 phosphatases and tumor suppressors phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and SH2 domain-containing inositol-5-phosphatase-1 (SHIP-1/2), PIP3 function in hematopoietic cells can also be dampened through antagonism with the soluble PIP3 analogs inositol(1,3,4,5)tetrakisphosphate (IP4) and inositol-heptakisphosphate (IP7). Other evidence suggests that IP4 can promote PIP3 function in thymocytes. Moreover, IP4 or the kinases producing it limit store-operated Ca2+ entry through Orai channels in B cells, T cells, and neutrophils to control cell survival and function. We discuss current models for how soluble inositol phosphates can have such diverse functions and can govern as distinct processes as hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis, neutrophil macrophage and NK cell function, and development and function of B cells and T cells. Finally, we will review the pathological consequences of dysregulated IP4 activity in immune cells and highlight contributions of impaired inositol phosphate functions in disorders such as Kawasaki disease, common variable immunodeficiency, or blood cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Elich
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Karsten Sauer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Oncology R&D, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, San Diego, CA, United States
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22
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Leal NRF, Vigliano MV, Pinto FA, de Sousa TV, Velozo LSM, Sabino KCC, Justo MDG, Coelho MGP. Anti-inflammatory effect of diterpenes-enriched fractions from Pterodon polygalaeflorus through inhibition of macrophage migration and cytokine production. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:808-820. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of Pterodon polygalaeflorus hexane extract (HE) and its fractions on macrophage migration in vitro and in vivo.
Methods
Hexane extract from P. polygalaeflorus fruits was fractionated and yielded four fractions. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with samples to evaluate cell viability (MTT assay), cell migration (wound healing and transwell assays), CD14 expression (flow cytometry), iNOS and cytokine mRNA expression (RT-qPCR), NO (Griess reaction) and cytokine (ELISA) production. In vivo migration was evaluated on the thioglycollate-induced peritonitis model. Qualitative analysis was performed by GC-MS.
Key findings
All fractions inhibited the NO production by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Fr3 and Fr4 presented the lowest IC50 values. The expressions of iNOS and IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 cytokines were inhibited by Fr3 and Fr4, whereas the CD14 expression was only inhibited by Fr3. All the samples inhibited RAW 264.7 migration in the wound healing and transwell assays. Fr3 and Fr4 reduced the migration of Mac-1+Gr-1− cells to the peritoneum and presented in their compositions: 6α-hydroxy-7β-acetoxyvouacapan-17β-oate, methyl 6α,7β-dihydroxyvouacapan-17β-oate, methyl 6α-acetoxy-7β-hydroxyvouacapan-17β-oate, geranylgeraniol and 14,15-epoxy-geranylgeraniol.
Conclusions
The anti-inflammatory effects of Fr3 and Fr4 involve inhibition of cell migration, iNOS expression and NO production, cytokine expression (mRNA and proteins) and CD14 expression (Fr3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Regina F Leal
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Vieira Vigliano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiana A Pinto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thayane V de Sousa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leosvaldo S M Velozo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia C C Sabino
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria da Graça Justo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marsen Garcia Pinto Coelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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23
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Pulido R. PTEN Inhibition in Human Disease Therapy. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020285. [PMID: 29385737 PMCID: PMC6017825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN is a major homeostatic regulator, by virtue of its lipid phosphatase activity against phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3], which downregulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR prosurvival signaling, as well as by its protein phosphatase activity towards specific protein targets. PTEN catalytic activity is crucial to control cell growth under physiologic and pathologic situations, and it impacts not only in preventing tumor cell survival and proliferation, but also in restraining several cellular regeneration processes, such as those associated with nerve injury recovery, cardiac ischemia, or wound healing. In these conditions, inhibition of PTEN catalysis is being explored as a potentially beneficial therapeutic intervention. Here, an overview of human diseases and conditions in which PTEN inhibition could be beneficial is presented, together with an update on the current status of specific small molecule inhibitors of PTEN enzymatic activity, their use in experimental models, and their limitations as research or therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
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24
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Azcutia V, Parkos CA, Brazil JC. Role of negative regulation of immune signaling pathways in neutrophil function. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 103:10.1002/JLB.3MIR0917-374R. [PMID: 29345376 PMCID: PMC6203665 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir0917-374r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play a critical role in host defense against infection and in the resolution of inflammation. However, immune responses mediated by PMN must be tightly regulated to facilitate elimination of invading pathogens without inducing detrimental inflammation and host tissue damage. Specific engagement of cell surface immunoreceptors by a diverse range of extracellular signals regulates PMN effector functions through differential activation of intracellular signaling cascades. Although mechanisms of PMN activation mediated via cell signaling pathways have been well described, less is known about negative regulation of PMN function by immune signaling cascades. Here, we provide an overview of immunoreceptor-mediated negative regulation of key PMN effector functions including maturation, migration, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species release, degranulation, apoptosis, and NET formation. Increased understanding of mechanisms of suppression of PMN effector functions may point to possible future therapeutic targets for the amelioration of PMN-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Azcutia
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Charles A. Parkos
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Jennifer C. Brazil
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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25
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Jones MM, Vanyo ST, Visser MB. The C-terminal region of the major outer sheath protein of Treponema denticola inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2017; 32:375-389. [PMID: 28296262 PMCID: PMC5585023 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Treponema denticola is an oral spirochete strongly associated with severe periodontal disease. A prominent virulence factor, the major outer sheath protein (Msp), disorients neutrophil chemotaxis by altering the cellular phosphoinositide balance, leading to impairment of downstream chemotactic events including actin rearrangement, Rac1 activation, and Akt activation in response to chemoattractant stimulation. The specific regions of Msp responsible for interactions with neutrophils remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of truncated Msp regions on neutrophil chemotaxis and associated signaling pathways. Murine neutrophils were treated with recombinant protein truncations followed by assessment of chemotaxis and associated signal pathway activation. Chemotaxis assays indicate sequences within the C-terminal region; particularly the first 130 amino acids, have the strongest inhibitory effect on neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophils incubated with the C-terminal region protein also demonstrated the greatest inhibition of Rac1 activation, increased phosphoinositide phosphatase activity, and decreased Akt activation; orchestrating impairment of chemotaxis. Furthermore, incubation with antibodies specific to only the C-terminal region blocked the Msp-induced inhibition of chemotaxis and denaturing the protein restored Rac1 activation. Msp from the strain OTK, with numerous amino acid substitutions throughout the polypeptide, including the C-terminal region compared with strain 35405, showed increased ability to impair neutrophil chemotaxis. Collectively, these results indicate that the C-terminal region of Msp is the most potent region to modulate neutrophil chemotactic signaling and that specific sequences and structures are likely to be required. Knowledge of how spirochetes dampen the neutrophil response is limited and Msp may represent a novel therapeutic target for periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M. Jones
- State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main St, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Stephen T. Vanyo
- State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main St, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Michelle B. Visser
- State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main St, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
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26
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Brandmaier A, Hou SQ, Demaria S, Formenti SC, Shen WH. PTEN at the interface of immune tolerance and tumor suppression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [PMID: 29527223 DOI: 10.1007/s11515-017-1443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PTEN is well known to function as a tumor suppressor that antagonizes oncogenic signaling and maintains genomic stability. The PTEN gene is frequently deleted or mutated in human cancers and the wide cancer spectrum associated with PTEN deficiency has been recapitulated in a variety of mouse models of Pten deletion or mutation. Pten mutations are highly penetrant in causing various types of spontaneous tumors that often exhibit resistance to anticancer therapies including immunotherapy. Recent studies demonstrate that PTEN also regulates immune functionality. OBJECTIVE To understand the multifaceted functions of PTEN as both a tumor suppressor and an immune regulator. METHODS This review will summarize the emerging knowledge of PTEN function in cancer immunoediting. In addition, the mechanisms underlying functional integration of various PTEN pathways in regulating cancer evolution and tumor immunity will be highlighted. RESULTS Recent preclinical and clinical studies revealed the essential role of PTEN in maintaining immune homeostasis, which significantly expands the repertoire of PTEN functions. Mechanistically, aberrant PTEN signaling alters the interplay between the immune system and tumors, leading to immunosuppression and tumor escape. CONCLUSION Rational design of personalized anti-cancer treatment requires mechanistic understanding of diverse PTEN signaling pathways in modulation of the crosstalk between tumor and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Brandmaier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sheng-Qi Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Silvia C Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wen H Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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27
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Zhu H, Kwak HJ, Liu P, Bajrami B, Xu Y, Park SY, Nombela-Arrieta C, Mondal S, Kambara H, Yu H, Chai L, Silberstein LE, Cheng T, Luo HR. Reactive Oxygen Species-Producing Myeloid Cells Act as a Bone Marrow Niche for Sterile Inflammation-Induced Reactive Granulopoiesis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:2854-2864. [PMID: 28235862 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Both microbial infection and sterile inflammation augment bone marrow (BM) neutrophil production, but whether the induced accelerated granulopoiesis is mediated by a common pathway and the nature of such a pathway are poorly defined. We recently established that BM myeloid cell-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) externally regulate myeloid progenitor proliferation and differentiation in bacteria-elicited emergency granulopoiesis. In this article, we show that BM ROS levels are also elevated during sterile inflammation. Similar to in microbial infection, ROS were mainly generated by the phagocytic NADPH oxidase in Gr1+ myeloid cells. The myeloid cells and their ROS were uniformly distributed in the BM when visualized by multiphoton intravital microscopy, and ROS production was both required and sufficient for sterile inflammation-elicited reactive granulopoiesis. Elevated granulopoiesis was mediated by ROS-induced phosphatase and tensin homolog oxidation and deactivation, leading to upregulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 signaling and increased progenitor cell proliferation. Collectively, these results demonstrate that, although infection-induced emergency granulopoiesis and sterile inflammation-elicited reactive granulopoiesis are triggered by different stimuli and are mediated by distinct upstream signals, the pathways converge to NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production by BM myeloid cells. Thus, BM Gr1+ myeloid cells represent a key hematopoietic niche that supports accelerated granulopoiesis in infective and sterile inflammation. This niche may be an excellent target in various immune-mediated pathologies or immune reconstitution after BM transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hyun-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Peng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Besnik Bajrami
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Subhanjan Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hiroto Kambara
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Department of Hematopathology, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA 02132
| | - Li Chai
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 and.,Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Tao Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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28
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da Silva GP, Fernandes DC, Vigliano MV, da Fonseca EN, Santos SVM, Marques PR, Justo MDG, Sabino KCDC, Coelho MGP. Flavonoid-enriched fraction from Echinodorus macrophyllus aqueous extract exhibits high in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 68:1584-1596. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli (Alismataceae) is popularly used as an infusion to treat inflammatory diseases. This work fractionated the aqueous extract of E. macrophyllus (AEEm) to improve its anti-inflammatory effects.
Methods
Aqueous extract of E. macrophyllus was fractionated by Sephadex LH-20 and analysed by HPLC-DAD. Anti-inflammatory action was evaluated, in vivo, by air pouch model (total leucocyte, protein and leukotriene B4 (LTB4)), and, in vitro, by neutrophil migration (transwell assay) and its Mac1 expression (flow cytometry), and RAW 264.7 nitric oxide (NO) production (Griess reaction).
Key findings
Fr20 reduced total leucocyte at 2.5 mg/kg (29.7%) while ethanolic extract of E. macrophyllus (EAEm) increased it (94.0%). Fr20 showed higher (P < 0.05) inhibition (89.8%) of LTB4 in exudate than EAEm (75.0%). Fr20 and EAEm decreased exudate protein and inflammatory infiltrate in pouch tissues, in-vitro neutrophil migration, and NO production. Otherwise, Fr40 did not reduce leucocytes and exudate protein (until 50 mg/kg) nor tissue inflammation, and increased in-vitro NO production. The inhibition of neutrophil migration by EAEm, but not Fr20, was dependent on reduced Mac-1 expression.
Conclusions
The fractionation of AEEm provided a more potent anti-inflammatory fraction containing flavonoids (Fr20) that reduces the migration of neutrophils and LTB4 release, probably contributing to its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girlaine Pereira da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniele Corrêa Fernandes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Vieira Vigliano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Nunes da Fonseca
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Shirley Vânia Moura Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Marques
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria da Graça Justo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia Costa de Carvalho Sabino
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marsen Garcia Pinto Coelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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29
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Bajrami B, Zhu H, Kwak HJ, Mondal S, Hou Q, Geng G, Karatepe K, Zhang YC, Nombela-Arrieta C, Park SY, Loison F, Sakai J, Xu Y, Silberstein LE, Luo HR. G-CSF maintains controlled neutrophil mobilization during acute inflammation by negatively regulating CXCR2 signaling. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1999-2018. [PMID: 27551153 PMCID: PMC5030805 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Luo et al. report that CXCR2 ligands are responsible for rapid neutrophil mobilization during early-stage acute inflammation and that G-CSF suppresses this mobilization by negatively regulating CXCR2-mediated intracellular signaling. Cytokine-induced neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow to circulation is a critical event in acute inflammation, but how it is accurately controlled remains poorly understood. In this study, we report that CXCR2 ligands are responsible for rapid neutrophil mobilization during early-stage acute inflammation. Nevertheless, although serum CXCR2 ligand concentrations increased during inflammation, neutrophil mobilization slowed after an initial acute fast phase, suggesting a suppression of neutrophil response to CXCR2 ligands after the acute phase. We demonstrate that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), usually considered a prototypical neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine, was expressed later in the acute inflammatory response and unexpectedly impeded CXCR2-induced neutrophil mobilization by negatively regulating CXCR2-mediated intracellular signaling. Blocking G-CSF in vivo paradoxically elevated peripheral blood neutrophil counts in mice injected intraperitoneally with Escherichia coli and sequestered large numbers of neutrophils in the lungs, leading to sterile pulmonary inflammation. In a lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury model, the homeostatic imbalance caused by G-CSF blockade enhanced neutrophil accumulation, edema, and inflammation in the lungs and ultimately led to significant lung damage. Thus, physiologically produced G-CSF not only acts as a neutrophil mobilizer at the relatively late stage of acute inflammation, but also prevents exaggerated neutrophil mobilization and the associated inflammation-induced tissue damage during early-phase infection and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besnik Bajrami
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hyun-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Subhanjan Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Qingming Hou
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Guangfeng Geng
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Kutay Karatepe
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yu C Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - César Nombela-Arrieta
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Fabien Loison
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jiro Sakai
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Leslie E Silberstein
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
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30
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Du Y, Zhang YW, Pu R, Han X, Hu JP, Zhang HW, Wang HY, Cao GW. Phosphatase and tensin homologue genetic polymorphisms and their interactions with viral mutations on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Chin Med J (Engl) 2015; 128:1005-13. [PMID: 25881591 PMCID: PMC4832937 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.155057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some HBV mutants and dysregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) may promote the development of HCC synergistically. We aimed to test the effects of PTEN genetic polymorphisms and their interactions with important HBV mutations on the development of HCC in HBV-infected subjects. Methods: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to genotype PTEN polymorphisms (rs1234220, rs2299939, rs1234213) in 1012 healthy controls, 302 natural clearance subjects, and 2011 chronic HBV-infected subjects including 1021 HCC patients. HBV mutations were determined by sequencing. The associations of PTEN polymorphisms and their interactions with HBV mutations with HCC risk were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Rs1234220 C allele was significantly associated with HCC risk compared to healthy controls (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07–1.69) and HCC-free HBV-infected subjects (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.01–1.57). rs1234220 C allele was significantly associated with increased frequencies of HCC-risk A1652G, C1673T, and C1730G mutations in genotype B HBV-infected subjects. Rs2299939 GT genotype was inversely associated with HCC risk in HBV-infected patients (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.62–0.92). The interaction of rs2299939 variant genotypes (GT+TT) with A3054T mutation significantly increased HCC risk (AOR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.08–5.35); whereas its interaction with C3116T mutation significantly reduced HCC risk (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.18–0.66). These significant effects were only evident in males after stratification. Conclusions: PTEN polymorphisms and their interactions with HBV mutations may contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis in males. The host-virus interactions are important in identifying HBV-infected subjects who are more likely to develop HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guang-Wen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a critical negative regulator of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathway, members of which play integral roles in natural killer (NK) cell development and function. However, the functions of PTEN in NK cell biology remain unknown. Here, we used an NK cell-specific PTEN-deletion mouse model to define the ramifications of intrinsic NK cell PTEN loss in vivo. In these mice, there was a significant defect in NK cell numbers in the bone marrow and peripheral organs despite increased proliferation and intact peripheral NK cell maturation. Unexpectedly, we observed a significant expansion of peripheral blood NK cells and the premature egress of NK cells from the bone marrow. The altered trafficking of NK cells from peripheral organs into the blood was due to selective hyperresponsiveness to the blood localizing chemokine S1P. To address the importance of this trafficking defect to NK cell immune responses, we investigated the ability of PTEN-deficient NK cells to traffic to a site of tumor challenge. PTEN-deficient NK cells were defective at migrating to distal tumor sites but were more effective at clearing tumors actively introduced into the peripheral blood. Collectively, these data identify PTEN as an essential regulator of NK cell localization in vivo during both homeostasis and malignancy.
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Abstract
The importance of PTEN in cellular function is underscored by the frequency of its deregulation in cancer. PTEN tumor-suppressor activity depends largely on its lipid phosphatase activity, which opposes PI3K/AKT activation. As such, PTEN regulates many cellular processes, including proliferation, survival, energy metabolism, cellular architecture, and motility. More than a decade of research has expanded our knowledge about how PTEN is controlled at the transcriptional level as well as by numerous posttranscriptional modifications that regulate its enzymatic activity, protein stability, and cellular location. Although the role of PTEN in cancers has long been appreciated, it is also emerging as an important factor in other diseases, such as diabetes and autism spectrum disorders. Our understanding of PTEN function and regulation will hopefully translate into improved prognosis and treatment for patients suffering from these ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Worby
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0721;
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Abstract
Neutrophils play critical roles in innate immunity and host defense. However, excessive neutrophil accumulation or hyper-responsiveness of neutrophils can be detrimental to the host system. Thus, the response of neutrophils to inflammatory stimuli needs to be tightly controlled. Many cellular processes in neutrophils are mediated by localized formation of an inositol phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3), at the plasma membrane. The PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 signaling pathway is negatively regulated by lipid phosphatases and inositol phosphates, which consequently play a critical role in controlling neutrophil function and would be expected to act as ideal therapeutic targets for enhancing or suppressing innate immune responses. Here, we comprehensively review current understanding about the action of lipid phosphatases and inositol phosphates in the control of neutrophil function in infection and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Subhanjan Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA
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Myeloid cell-derived reactive oxygen species externally regulate the proliferation of myeloid progenitors in emergency granulopoiesis. Immunity 2015; 42:159-71. [PMID: 25579427 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms controlling infection-induced emergency granulopoiesis are poorly defined. Here we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations in the bone marrow (BM) were elevated during acute infection in a phagocytic NADPH oxidase-dependent manner in myeloid cells. Gr1(+) myeloid cells were uniformly distributed in the BM, and all c-kit(+) progenitor cells were adjacent to Gr1(+) myeloid cells. Inflammation-induced ROS production in the BM played a critical role in myeloid progenitor expansion during emergency granulopoiesis. ROS elicited oxidation and deactivation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), resulting in upregulation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 signaling in BM myeloid progenitors. We further revealed that BM myeloid cell-produced ROS stimulated proliferation of myeloid progenitors via a paracrine mechanism. Taken together, our results establish that phagocytic NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS production by BM myeloid cells plays a critical role in mediating emergency granulopoiesis during acute infection.
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Moving towards a paradigm: common mechanisms of chemotactic signaling in Dictyostelium and mammalian leukocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:3711-47. [PMID: 24846395 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemotaxis, or directed migration of cells along a chemical gradient, is a highly coordinated process that involves gradient sensing, motility, and polarity. Most of our understanding of chemotaxis comes from studies of cells undergoing amoeboid-type migration, in particular the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum and leukocytes. In these amoeboid cells the molecular events leading to directed migration can be conceptually divided into four interacting networks: receptor/G protein, signal transduction, cytoskeleton, and polarity. The signal transduction network occupies a central position in this scheme as it receives direct input from the receptor/G protein network, as well as feedback from the cytoskeletal and polarity networks. Multiple overlapping modules within the signal transduction network transmit the signals to the actin cytoskeleton network leading to biased pseudopod protrusion in the direction of the gradient. The overall architecture of the networks, as well as the individual signaling modules, is remarkably conserved between Dictyostelium and mammalian leukocytes, and the similarities and differences between the two systems are the subject of this review.
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Yue S, Rao J, Zhu J, Busuttil RW, Kupiec-Weglinski JW, Lu L, Wang X, Zhai Y. Myeloid PTEN deficiency protects livers from ischemia reperfusion injury by facilitating M2 macrophage differentiation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:5343-5353. [PMID: 24771857 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Although the role of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in regulating cell proliferation is well established, its function in immune responses remains to be fully appreciated. In the current study, we analyzed myeloid-specific PTEN function in regulating tissue inflammatory immune response in a murine liver partial warm ischemia model. Myeloid-specific PTEN knockout (KO) resulted in liver protection from ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) by deviating the local innate immune response against ischemia reperfusion toward the regulatory type: expression of proinflammatory genes was selectively decreased and anti-inflammatory IL-10 was simultaneously increased in ischemia reperfusion livers of PTEN KO mice compared with those of wild-type (WT) mice. PI3K inhibitor and IL-10-neutralizing Abs, but not exogenous LPS, recreated liver IRI in these KO mice. At the cellular level, Kupffer cells and peritoneal macrophages isolated from KO mice expressed higher levels of M2 markers and produced lower TNF-α and higher IL-10 in response to TLR ligands than did their WT counterparts. They had enhanced Stat3- and Stat6-signaling pathway activation, but diminished Stat1-signaling pathway activation, in response to TLR4 stimulation. Inactivation of Kupffer cells by gadolinium chloride enhanced proinflammatory immune activation and increased IRI in livers of myeloid PTEN KO mice. Thus, myeloid PTEN deficiency protects livers from IRI by facilitating M2 macrophage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yue
- Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jianhua Rao
- Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiansu Province, China
| | - Jianjun Zhu
- Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ronald W Busuttil
- Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jerzy W Kupiec-Weglinski
- Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiansu Province, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiansu Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhai
- Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Jo H, Loison F, Luo HR. Microtubule dynamics regulates Akt signaling via dynactin p150. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1707-16. [PMID: 24726838 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Following activation at the plasma membrane, Akt is subsequently deactivated in the cytoplasm. Although activation and deactivation of Akt must sometimes be separated in order to elicit and control cellular responses, the exact details of the spatiotemporal organization of Akt signaling are incompletely understood. Here we show that microtubule dynamics specifically modulate the deactivation phase of Akt signaling. Localization of Akt to microtubules sustains its activity, while disruption of microtubules attenuates Akt signaling independent of its initial activation. Conversely, stabilization of microtubules elevates Akt signaling both in vitro and in muscle tissues in vivo. Localization of Akt to microtubules is mediated by the microtubule binding protein dynactin p150, which is shown to be a direct target of Akt. Finally, microtubule disruption-induced Akt deactivation contributes to delayed cell cycle progression and accelerated cell death. Taken together, we revealed that, after initiation, the overall intensity and duration of oncogenic Akt signaling are determined by microtubule dynamics, a mechanism that could be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakryul Jo
- Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Fabien Loison
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine, Harvard Medical School and Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 USA; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Phayathai Campus, 272 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine, Harvard Medical School and Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
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Pten regulates homeostasis and inflammation-induced migration of myelocytes in zebrafish. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:17. [PMID: 24598081 PMCID: PMC4015859 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-7-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is frequently observed in hematopoietic malignancies. Although PTEN has been implicated in maintaining the quiescence of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), its role in hematopoiesis during ontogeny remains largely unexplored. METHODS The expression of hematopoietic marker genes was analyzed via whole mount in situ hybridization assay in ptena and ptenb double mutant zebrafish. The embryonic myelopoiesis was characterized by living imaging and whole mount in situ immunofluorescence with confocal microscopy, as well as cell-specific chemical staining for neutrophils and macrophages. Analyses of the involved signaling pathway were carried out by inhibitor treatment and mRNA injection. RESULTS Pten-deficient zebrafish embryos exhibited a strikingly increased number of myeloid cells, which were further characterized as being immune deficient. In accordance with this finding, the inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) or the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) corrected the expansive myelopoiesis in the pten-deficient embryos. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the expression of cebpa, a critical transcription factor in myeloid precursor cells, was downregulated in the pten-deficient myeloid cells, whereas the injection of cebpa mRNA markedly ameliorated the dysmyelopoiesis induced by the loss of pten. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide in vivo evidence that definitive myelopoiesis in zebrafish is critically regulated by pten via the elevation of cebpa expression.
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Gambardella L, Vermeren S. Molecular players in neutrophil chemotaxis-focus on PI3K and small GTPases. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:603-12. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1112564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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40
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Blüml S, Friedrich M, Lohmeyer T, Sahin E, Saferding V, Brunner J, Puchner A, Mandl P, Niederreiter B, Smolen JS, Schabbauer G, Redlich K. Loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in myeloid cells controls inflammatory bone destruction by regulating the osteoclastogenic potential of myeloid cells. Ann Rheum Dis 2013; 74:227-33. [PMID: 24078675 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Local bone destruction in rheumatic diseases, which often leads to disability and severely reduced quality of life, is almost exclusively mediated by osteoclasts. Therefore, it is important to understand pathways regulating the generation of osteoclasts. Here, we analysed the impact of the Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase (PI3K)/Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) axis on osteoclast generation and bone biology under basal and inflammatory conditions. METHODS We analysed osteoclastogenesis of wildtype (wt) and PTEN(-/-) cells in vitro and in vivo, pit resorption and qPCR of osteoclasts in vitro. Mice with a myeloid cell-specific deletion of PTEN and wt littermate mice were investigated by bone histomorphometry and clinical and histological assessment in the human tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-transgenic (hTNFtg) arthritis model. RESULTS We show that myeloid-specific PTEN(-/-) mice display increased osteoclastogenesis in vitro and in vivo compared to wt mice. Loss of PTEN did not affect the generation or survival of osteoclast precursor cells. However, PTEN deficiency greatly enhanced receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL)-induced expression of the master transcription factor of osteoclastogenesis, nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), resulting in markedly increased terminal differentiation of osteoclasts in vitro. We also observed increased osteoclastogenesis under inflammatory conditions in the hTNFtg mouse model of arthritis, where hTNFtg/myeloid-specific PTEN(-/-) mice displayed enhanced local bone destruction as well as osteoclast formation in the inflamed joints. The extent of synovial inflammation, however, as well as recruitment of osteoclast precursor cells was not different between wt and myeloid-specific PTEN(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that loss of PTEN and, therefore, sustained PI3-Kinase signalling in myeloid cells especially, elevates the osteoclastogenic potential of myeloid cells, leading to enhanced inflammatory local bone destruction. Therefore, although our study allows no direct translational conclusion since we used a conditional knockout approach, the therapeutic targeting of the PI3-Kinase pathway may be of benefit in preventing structural joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Blüml
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Friedrich
- Institute for Physiology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Lohmeyer
- Institute for Physiology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emine Sahin
- Institute for Physiology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Saferding
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Brunner
- Institute for Physiology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonia Puchner
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Mandl
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Niederreiter
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef S Smolen
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Schabbauer
- Institute for Physiology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kurt Redlich
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Liu G, Bi Y, Wang R, Shen B, Zhang Y, Yang H, Wang X, Liu H, Lu Y, Han F. Kinase AKT1 negatively controls neutrophil recruitment and function in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:2680-90. [PMID: 23904165 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are critically involved in host defense and inflammatory injury. However, intrinsic signaling mechanisms controlling neutrophil recruitment and activities are poorly defined. In this article, we showed that protein kinase AKT1 (also known as PKBα) is the dominant isoform expressed in neutrophils and is downregulated upon bacterial infection and neutrophil activation. AKT1 deficiency resulted in severe disease progression accompanied by recruitment of neutrophils and enhanced bactericidal activity in the acute inflammatory lung injury (ALI) and the Staphylococcus aureus infection mouse models. Moreover, the depletion of neutrophils efficiently reversed the aggravated inflammatory response, but adoptive transfer of AKT1(-/-) neutrophils could potentiate the inflammatory immunity, indicating an intrinsic effect of the neutrophil in modulating inflammation in AKT1(-/-) mice. In the ALI model, the infiltration of neutrophils into the inflammatory site was associated with enhanced migration capacity, whereas inflammatory stimuli could promote neutrophil apoptosis. In accordance with these findings, neutralization of CXCR2 attenuated neutrophil infiltration and delayed the occurrence of inflammation. Finally, the enhanced bactericidal activity and inflammatory immunity of AKT-deficient neutrophils were mediated by a STAT1-dependent, but not a mammalian target of rapamycin-dependent, pathway. Thus, our findings indicated that the AKT1-STAT1 signaling axis negatively regulates neutrophil recruitment and activation in ALI and S. aureus infection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwei Liu
- Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200023, People's Republic of China.
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Locke FL, Zha YY, Zheng Y, Driessens G, Gajewski TF. Conditional deletion of PTEN in peripheral T cells augments TCR-mediated activation but does not abrogate CD28 dependency or prevent anergy induction. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:1677-85. [PMID: 23851688 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PTEN is thought to play a critical role in T cell activation by negatively regulating the PI3K signaling pathway important for cellular activation, growth, and proliferation. To directly eliminate PTEN in postthymic T cells for studies of functional effects, we used CAR transgenic × PTEN(flox/flox) mice, which enabled gene deletion using a Cre adenovirus in vitro. These mice were also immunized to generate stable Th1 clones that could have PTEN deleted when desired. PTEN-deleted T cells exhibited enhanced IL-2 production, proliferation, and Akt phosphorylation upon TCR/CD28 engagement, whereas T cell survival was not potentiated. Gene expression profiling revealed a small subset of induced genes that were augmented upon PTEN deletion. However, PTEN-deficient T cells still required CD28 costimulation for IL-2 production and remained susceptible to anti-CD3-induced anergy. The absence of PTEN within the CD8 T cell compartment led to markedly increased cytolytic activity following an allogeneic MLR in vitro, without increasing autologous MLR activity. Our results indicate that deletion of PTEN can augment the activation of postthymic T cells but does not mediate CD28 independence or anergy resistance. Nonetheless, PTEN inhibition may be a viable target for immune potentiation owing to increased cytokine production by activated CD4(+) cells and increased cytotoxicity by CD8(+) T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick L Locke
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Visser MB, Sun CX, Koh A, Ellen RP, Glogauer M. Treponema denticola major outer sheath protein impairs the cellular phosphoinositide balance that regulates neutrophil chemotaxis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66209. [PMID: 23755300 PMCID: PMC3670873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The major outer sheath protein (Msp) of Treponema denticola inhibits neutrophil polarization and directed chemotaxis together with actin dynamics in vitro in response to the chemoattractant N-formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylanine (fMLP). Msp disorients chemotaxis through inhibition of a Rac1-dependent signaling pathway, but the upstream mechanisms are unknown. We challenged murine bone marrow neutrophils with enriched native Msp to determine the role of phospholipid modifying enzymes in chemotaxis and actin assembly downstream of fMLP-stimulation. Msp modulated cellular phosphoinositide levels through inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) together with activation of the lipid phosphatase, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN). Impaired phosphatidylinositol[(3,4,5)]-triphosphate (PIP3) levels prevented recruitment and activation of the downstream mediator Akt. Release of the actin capping proteins gelsolin and CapZ in response to fMLP was also inhibited by Msp exposure. Chemical inhibition of PTEN restored PIP3 signaling, as measured by Akt activation, Rac1 activation, actin uncapping, neutrophil polarization and chemotaxis in response to fMLP-stimulation, even in the presence of Msp. Transduction with active Rac1 also restored fMLP-mediated actin uncapping, suggesting that Msp acts at the level of PIP3 in the hierarchical feedback loop of PIP3 and Rac1 activation. Taken together, Msp alters the phosphoinositide balance in neutrophils, impairing the cell “compass”, which leads to inhibition of downstream chemotactic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle B Visser
- Matrix Dynamics Group, Dental Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Domingo-Gonzalez R, Moore BB. Defective pulmonary innate immune responses post-stem cell transplantation; review and results from one model system. Front Immunol 2013; 4:126. [PMID: 23745124 PMCID: PMC3662877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious pulmonary complications limit the success of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as a therapy for malignant and non-malignant disorders. Susceptibility to pathogens in both autologous and allogeneic HSCT recipients persists despite successful immune reconstitution. As studying the causal effects of these immune defects in the human population can be limiting, a bone marrow transplant (BMT) mouse model can be used to understand the defect in mounting a productive innate immune response post-transplantation. When syngeneic BMT is performed, this system allows the study of BMT-induced alterations in innate immune cell function that are independent of the confounding effects of immunosuppressive therapy and graft-versus-host disease. Studies from several laboratories, including our own show that pulmonary susceptibility to bacterial infections post-BMT are largely due to alterations in the lung alveolar macrophages. Changes in these cells post-BMT include cytokine and eicosanoid dysregulations, scavenger receptor alterations, changes in micro RNA profiles, and alterations in intracellular signaling molecules that limit bacterial phagocytosis and killing. The changes that occur highlight mechanisms that promote susceptibility to infections commonly afflicting HSCT recipients and provide insight into therapeutic targets that may improve patient outcomes post-HSCT.
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Yuan M, Wang X, Zhan Q, Duan X, Yang Q, Xia J. Association of PTEN genetic polymorphisms with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in the Han Chinese population. J Clin Neurosci 2012; 19:1641-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sakai J, Li J, Subramanian KK, Mondal S, Bajrami B, Hattori H, Jia Y, Dickinson BC, Zhong J, Ye K, Chang CJ, Ho YS, Zhou J, Luo HR. Reactive oxygen species-induced actin glutathionylation controls actin dynamics in neutrophils. Immunity 2012; 37:1037-49. [PMID: 23159440 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of actin dynamics is pivotal for cellular processes such as cell adhesion, migration, and phagocytosis and thus is crucial for neutrophils to fulfill their roles in innate immunity. Many factors have been implicated in signal-induced actin polymerization, but the essential nature of the potential negative modulators are still poorly understood. Here we report that NADPH oxidase-dependent physiologically generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) negatively regulate actin polymerization in stimulated neutrophils via driving reversible actin glutathionylation. Disruption of glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1), an enzyme that catalyzes actin deglutathionylation, increased actin glutathionylation, attenuated actin polymerization, and consequently impaired neutrophil polarization, chemotaxis, adhesion, and phagocytosis. Consistently, Grx1-deficient murine neutrophils showed impaired in vivo recruitment to sites of inflammation and reduced bactericidal capability. Together, these results present a physiological role for glutaredoxin and ROS- induced reversible actin glutathionylation in regulation of actin dynamics in neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Sakai
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Department of Lab Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Germena G, Hirsch E. PI3Ks and small GTPases in neutrophil migration: two sides of the same coin. Mol Immunol 2012; 55:83-6. [PMID: 23137593 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is a key event in physiological processes such as embryonic development, tissue repair, angiogenesis and immune responses. Alteration of the migration program is an important component in multiple pathologies, including chronic inflammation, autoimmunity and tumor metastasis. Understanding of the precise mechanisms at the basis of cellular migration may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic approach for these diseases. Recent evidences show that the interplay between the lipid kinases phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3Ks) and small GTPases play a critical role in driving cell migration. In this review we will describe the role of these molecules and the interaction between their signal cascades in leukocyte polarization and amoeboid migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Germena
- Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Ittner A, Block H, Reichel CA, Varjosalo M, Gehart H, Sumara G, Gstaiger M, Krombach F, Zarbock A, Ricci R. Regulation of PTEN activity by p38δ-PKD1 signaling in neutrophils confers inflammatory responses in the lung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 209:2229-46. [PMID: 23129748 PMCID: PMC3501357 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20120677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Deletion of p38 MAP kinase p38 d results in decreased alveolar neutrophil accumulation and attenuation of acute lung injury through activation of protein kinase D1 and PTEN. Despite their role in resolving inflammatory insults, neutrophils trigger inflammation-induced acute lung injury (ALI), culminating in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a frequent complication with high mortality in humans. Molecular mechanisms underlying recruitment of neutrophils to sites of inflammation remain poorly understood. Here, we show that p38 MAP kinase p38δ is required for recruitment of neutrophils into inflammatory sites. Global and myeloid-restricted deletion of p38δ in mice results in decreased alveolar neutrophil accumulation and attenuation of ALI. p38δ counteracts the activity of its downstream target protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in neutrophils and myeloid-restricted inactivation of PKD1 leads to exacerbated lung inflammation. Importantly, p38δ and PKD1 conversely regulate PTEN activity in neutrophils, thereby controlling their extravasation and chemotaxis. PKD1 phosphorylates p85α to enhance its interaction with PTEN, leading to polarized PTEN activity, thereby regulating neutrophil migration. Thus, aberrant p38δ–PKD1 signaling in neutrophils may underlie development of ALI and life-threatening ARDS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Ittner
- Institute of Cell Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)) is a key signaling molecule in chemotaxis, a directed cell migration toward chemoattractants. PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) is transiently generated by chemotactic stimulation and activates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton at the leading edge of migrating cells. In a recent study, we demonstrated that PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) directly binds to three members of the actin-based motor protein myosin I (myosin ID, IE and IF) in Dictyostelium discoideum and recruits these proteins to the plasma membrane of the leading edge. The PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)-regulated membrane recruitment of myosin I induced chemoattractant-stimulated actin polymerization and was therefore required for chemotaxis. Similarly, human myosin IF was translocated to the plasma membrane through interactions with PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) upon chemotactic stimulation in a neutrophil cell line. Interestingly, we also found that the three PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)-binding myosin I proteins function in phagocytosis, which involves both PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) signaling and actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Our findings provide an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which class I myosin transmits PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3) signals to the actin cytoskeleton.
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50
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Reddy SDN, Pakala SB, Molli PR, Sahni N, Karanam NK, Mudvari P, Kumar R. Metastasis-associated protein 1/histone deacetylase 4-nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase complex regulates phosphatase and tensin homolog gene expression and function. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:27843-50. [PMID: 22700976 PMCID: PMC3431680 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.348474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is widely overexpressed in human cancers and is associated with malignant phenotypic changes contributing to morbidity in the associated diseases. Here we discovered for the first time that MTA1, a master chromatin modifier, transcriptionally represses the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor gene, by recruiting class II histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) along with the transcription factor Yin-Yang 1 (YY1) onto the PTEN promoter. We also found evidence of an inverse correlation between the expression levels of MTA1 and PTEN in physiologically relevant breast cancer microarray datasets. We found that MTA1 up-regulation leads to a decreased expression of PTEN protein and stimulation of PI3K as well as phosphorylation of its signaling targets. Accordingly, selective down-regulation of MTA1 in breast cancer cells increases PTEN expression and inhibits stimulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling. Collectively, these findings provide a mechanistic role for MTA1 in transcriptional repression of PTEN, leading to modulation of the resulting signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirigiri Divijendra Natha Reddy
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Suresh B. Pakala
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Poonam R. Molli
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Neil Sahni
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Narasimha Kumar Karanam
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Prakriti Mudvari
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20037
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