1
|
Guan IA, Liu JST, Sawyer RC, Li X, Jiao W, Jiramongkol Y, White MD, Hagimola L, Passam FH, Tran DP, Liu X, Schoenwaelder SM, Jackson SP, Payne RJ, Liu X. Integrating Phenotypic and Chemoproteomic Approaches to Identify Covalent Targets of Dietary Electrophiles in Platelets. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:344-357. [PMID: 38435523 PMCID: PMC10906253 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
A large variety of dietary phytochemicals has been shown to improve thrombosis and stroke outcomes in preclinical studies. Many of these compounds feature electrophilic functionalities that potentially undergo covalent addition to the sulfhydryl side chain of cysteine residues within proteins. However, the impact of such covalent modifications on the platelet activity and function remains unclear. This study explores the irreversible engagement of 23 electrophilic phytochemicals with platelets, unveiling the unique antiplatelet selectivity of sulforaphane (SFN). SFN impairs platelet responses to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a thromboxane A2 receptor agonist while not affecting thrombin and collagen-related peptide activation. It also substantially reduces platelet thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions. Using an alkyne-integrated probe, protein disulfide isomerase A6 (PDIA6) was identified as a rapid kinetic responder to SFN. Mechanistic profiling studies revealed SFN's nuanced modulation of PDIA6 activity and substrate specificity. In an electrolytic injury model of thrombosis, SFN enhanced the thrombolytic activity of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) without increasing blood loss. Our results serve as a catalyst for further investigations into the preventive and therapeutic mechanisms of dietary antiplatelets, aiming to enhance the clot-busting power of rtPA, currently the only approved therapeutic for stroke recanalization that has significant limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivy A. Guan
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University
of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The
Heart Research Institute, The University
of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
| | - Joanna S. T. Liu
- The
Heart Research Institute, The University
of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
- School
of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Renata C. Sawyer
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University
of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The
Heart Research Institute, The University
of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
| | - Xiang Li
- Department
of Medicine, Washington University in St.
Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
- McDonnell
Genome Institute, Washington University
in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
| | - Wanting Jiao
- Ferrier Research
Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yannasittha Jiramongkol
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University
of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Charles
Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Mark D. White
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University
of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Lejla Hagimola
- School
of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Freda H. Passam
- School
of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Denise P. Tran
- Sydney
Mass Spectrometry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- School
of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Simone M. Schoenwaelder
- The
Heart Research Institute, The University
of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
- School
of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Shaun P. Jackson
- The
Heart Research Institute, The University
of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
- Charles
Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University
of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and
Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xuyu Liu
- School
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University
of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The
Heart Research Institute, The University
of Sydney, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kenny M, Pollitt AY, Patil S, Hiebner DW, Smolenski A, Lakic N, Fisher R, Alsufyani R, Lickert S, Vogel V, Schoen I. Contractility defects hinder glycoprotein VI-mediated platelet activation and affect platelet functions beyond clot contraction. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102322. [PMID: 38379711 PMCID: PMC10877441 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Active and passive biomechanical properties of platelets contribute substantially to thrombus formation. Actomyosin contractility drives clot contraction required for stabilizing the hemostatic plug. Impaired contractility results in bleeding but is difficult to detect using platelet function tests. Objectives To determine how diminished myosin activity affects platelet functions, including and beyond clot contraction. Methods Using the myosin IIA-specific pharmacologic inhibitor blebbistatin, we modulated myosin activity in platelets from healthy donors and systematically characterized platelet responses at various levels of inhibition by interrogating distinct platelet functions at each stage of thrombus formation using a range of complementary assays. Results Partial myosin IIA inhibition neither affected platelet von Willebrand factor interactions under arterial shear nor platelet spreading and cytoskeletal rearrangements on fibrinogen. However, it impacted stress fiber formation and the nanoarchitecture of cell-matrix adhesions, drastically reducing and limiting traction forces. Higher blebbistatin concentrations impaired platelet adhesion under flow, altered mechanosensing at lamellipodia edges, and eliminated traction forces without affecting platelet spreading, α-granule secretion, or procoagulant platelet formation. Unexpectedly, myosin IIA inhibition reduced calcium influx, dense granule secretion, and platelet aggregation downstream of glycoprotein (GP)VI and limited the redistribution of GPVI on the cell membrane, whereas aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate or arachidonic acid was unaffected. Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of both active contractile and passive crosslinking roles of myosin IIA in the platelet cytoskeleton. They support the hypothesis that highly contractile platelets are needed for hemostasis and further suggest a supportive role for myosin IIA in GPVI signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kenny
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alice Y. Pollitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Smita Patil
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dishon W. Hiebner
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Albert Smolenski
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Natalija Lakic
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert Fisher
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Reema Alsufyani
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sebastian Lickert
- Department of Health Sciences and Technologies, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Viola Vogel
- Department of Health Sciences and Technologies, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ingmar Schoen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review highlights how the perception of platelet function is evolving based on recent insights into platelet mechanobiology. RECENT FINDINGS The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 mediates activation of free-flowing platelets under conditions of flow acceleration through mechanisms independent of adhesion receptors and classical activation pathways. Interference with the initiation of platelet migration or with the phenotypic switch of migrating platelets to a procoagulant state aggravates inflammatory bleeding. Mechanosensing of biochemical and biophysical microenvironmental cues during thrombus formation feed into platelet contractile force generation. Measurements of single platelet contraction and bulk clot retraction show promise to identify individuals at risk for hemorrhage. SUMMARY New findings unravel novel mechanotransduction pathways and effector functions in platelets, establishing mechanobiology as a pivotal component of platelet function. These insights highlight limitations of existing treatments and offer new potential therapeutic approaches and diagnostic avenues based on mechanobiological principles. Further extensive research is required to distinguish between core hemostatic and pathological mechanisms influenced by platelet mechanosensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Schoen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology
| | - Martin Kenny
- UCD Conway SPHERE Research Group
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Smita Patil
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tunströmer K, Faxälv L, Larsson P, Lindahl TL, Boknäs N. Thrombus remodelling by reversible and irreversible P2Y 12 inhibitors. Platelets 2023; 34:2157805. [PMID: 36631918 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2157805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological inhibition of the platelet ADP-receptor P2Y12 is a cornerstone in the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Thienopyridines such as clopidogrel and prasugrel exert their antithrombotic effect by means of active metabolites that irreversibly inhibit P2Y12. Due to the short half-life of these metabolites, a subpopulation of ADP-responsive platelets will form in between dosing. With increased platelet turnover rate or poor patient compliance, the fraction of ADP-responsive platelets will increase, potentially increasing the risk for new thrombotic events. In contrast, the reversible P2Y12 inhibition produced by direct-acting ADP blockers such as ticagrelor and cangrelor inhibit the entire platelet population. In this study, we evaluated the impact of these pharmacological differences on thrombus formation in an ex vivo flow chamber model. A customized image analysis pipeline was used for automatized, large-scale identification and tracking of single platelets incorporated into the thrombus, enabling quantitative analysis of the relative contribution of inhibited and uninhibited platelets to thrombus growth and consolidation. Comparative experiments were conducted using the irreversible and reversible P2Y12 inhibitors prasugrel active metabolite (PAM) and ticagrelor, respectively. Our results show that PAM inhibited thrombus platelet recruitment more gradually than ticagrelor, with a slower onset of inhibition. Further, we show that the presence of a small fraction (<10%) of uninhibited platelets did not abrogate the antithrombotic effect of PAM to any significant extent. Finally, we demonstrate a gradual enrichment of inhibited platelets in the thrombus shell due to selective recruitment of inhibited platelets to the thrombus periphery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kjersti Tunströmer
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lars Faxälv
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pia Larsson
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tomas L Lindahl
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Niklas Boknäs
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Hematology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen L, Yu L, Chen M, Liu Y, Xu H, Wang F, Zhu J, Tian P, Yi K, Zhang Q, Xiao H, Duan Y, Li W, Ma L, Zhou F, Cheng Y, Bai L, Wang F, Xiao X, Zhu Y, Yang Y. A microfluidic hemostatic diagnostics platform: Harnessing coagulation-induced adaptive-bubble behavioral perception. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101252. [PMID: 37879336 PMCID: PMC10694630 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Clinical viscoelastic hemostatic assays, which have been used for decades, rely on measuring biomechanical responses to physical stimuli but face challenges related to high device and test cost, limited portability, and limited scalability.. Here, we report a differential pattern using self-induced adaptive-bubble behavioral perception to refresh it. The adaptive behaviors of bubble deformation during coagulation precisely describe the transformation of viscoelastic hemostatic properties, being free of the precise and complex physical devices. And the integrated bubble array chip allows microassays and enables multi-bubble tests with good reproducibility. Recognition of the developed bubble behaviors empowers automated and user-friendly diagnosis. In a prospective clinical study (clinical model development [n = 273]; clinical assay [n = 44]), we show that the diagnostic accuracies were 99.1% for key viscoelastic hemostatic assay indicators (reaction time [R], kinetics time [K], alpha angle [Angle], maximum amplitude [MA], lysis at 30 min [LY30]; n = 220) and 100% (n = 44) for hypercoagulation, healthy, and hypocoagulation diagnoses. This should provide fresh insight into existing paradigms and help more clinical needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yantong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Hongshan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiaomeng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Pengfu Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kezhen Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yongwei Duan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Linlu Ma
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- School of Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Long Bai
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310002, China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310002, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Physics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics & Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mollica MY, Beussman KM, Kandasamy A, Rodríguez LM, Morales FR, Chen J, Manohar K, Del Álamo JC, López JA, Thomas WE, Sniadecki NJ. Distinct platelet F-actin patterns and traction forces on von Willebrand factor versus fibrinogen. Biophys J 2023; 122:3738-3748. [PMID: 37434354 PMCID: PMC10541491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon vascular injury, platelets form a hemostatic plug by binding to the subendothelium and to each other. Platelet-to-matrix binding is initially mediated by von Willebrand factor (VWF) and platelet-to-platelet binding is mediated mainly by fibrinogen and VWF. After binding, the actin cytoskeleton of a platelet drives its contraction, generating traction forces that are important to the cessation of bleeding. Our understanding of the relationship between adhesive environment, F-actin morphology, and traction forces is limited. Here, we examined F-actin morphology of platelets attached to surfaces coated with fibrinogen and VWF. We identified distinct F-actin patterns induced by these protein coatings and found that these patterns were identifiable into three classifications via machine learning: solid, nodular, and hollow. We observed that traction forces for platelets were significantly higher on VWF than on fibrinogen coatings and these forces varied by F-actin pattern. In addition, we analyzed the F-actin orientation in platelets and noted that their filaments were more circumferential when on fibrinogen coatings and having a hollow F-actin pattern, while they were more radial on VWF and having a solid F-actin pattern. Finally, we noted that subcellular localization of traction forces corresponded to protein coating and F-actin pattern: VWF-bound, solid platelets had higher forces at their central region while fibrinogen-bound, hollow platelets had higher forces at their periphery. These distinct F-actin patterns on fibrinogen and VWF and their differences in F-actin orientation, force magnitude, and force localization could have implications in hemostasis, thrombus architecture, and venous versus arterial thrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molly Y Mollica
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Kevin M Beussman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Adithan Kandasamy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Junmei Chen
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Krithika Manohar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Juan C Del Álamo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - José A López
- Division of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wendy E Thomas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nathan J Sniadecki
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Resuscitation Engineering Science Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Molecular Engineering and Science Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Michael C, Pancaldi F, Britton S, Kim OV, Peshkova AD, Vo K, Xu Z, Litvinov RI, Weisel JW, Alber M. Combined computational modeling and experimental study of the biomechanical mechanisms of platelet-driven contraction of fibrin clots. Commun Biol 2023; 6:869. [PMID: 37620422 PMCID: PMC10449797 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
While blood clot formation has been relatively well studied, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the subsequent structural and mechanical clot remodeling called contraction or retraction. Impairment of the clot contraction process is associated with both life-threatening bleeding and thrombotic conditions, such as ischemic stroke, venous thromboembolism, and others. Recently, blood clot contraction was observed to be hindered in patients with COVID-19. A three-dimensional multiscale computational model is developed and used to quantify biomechanical mechanisms of the kinetics of clot contraction driven by platelet-fibrin pulling interactions. These results provide important biological insights into contraction of platelet filopodia, the mechanically active thin protrusions of the plasma membrane, described previously as performing mostly a sensory function. The biomechanical mechanisms and modeling approach described can potentially apply to studying other systems in which cells are embedded in a filamentous network and exert forces on the extracellular matrix modulated by the substrate stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Michael
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Center for Quantitative Modeling in Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Francesco Pancaldi
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Center for Quantitative Modeling in Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Samuel Britton
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Center for Quantitative Modeling in Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Oleg V Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Alina D Peshkova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Khoi Vo
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Center for Quantitative Modeling in Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Zhiliang Xu
- Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Rustem I Litvinov
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John W Weisel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Mark Alber
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
- Center for Quantitative Modeling in Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Beussman KM, Mollica MY, Leonard A, Miles J, Hocter J, Song Z, Stolla M, Han SJ, Emery A, Thomas WE, Sniadecki NJ. Black dots: High-yield traction force microscopy reveals structural factors contributing to platelet forces. Acta Biomater 2023; 163:302-311. [PMID: 34781024 PMCID: PMC9098698 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the traction forces produced by cells provides insight into their behavior and physiological function. Here, we developed a technique (dubbed 'black dots') that microcontact prints a fluorescent micropattern onto a flexible substrate to measure cellular traction forces without constraining cell shape or needing to detach the cells. To demonstrate our technique, we assessed human platelets, which can generate a large range of forces within a population. We find platelets that exert more force have more spread area, are more circular, and have more uniformly distributed F-actin filaments. As a result of the high yield of data obtainable by this technique, we were able to evaluate multivariate mixed effects models with interaction terms and conduct a clustering analysis to identify clusters within our data. These statistical techniques demonstrated a complex relationship between spread area, circularity, F-actin dispersion, and platelet force, including cooperative effects that significantly associate with platelet traction forces. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cells produce contractile forces during division, migration, or wound healing. Measuring cellular forces provides insight into their health, behavior, and function. We developed a technique that calculates cellular forces by seeding cells onto a pattern and quantifying how much each cell displaces the pattern. This technique is capable of measuring hundreds of cells without needing to detach them. Using this technique to evaluate human platelets, we find that platelets exerting more force tend to have more spread area, are more circular in shape, and have more uniformly distributed cytoskeletal filaments. Due to our high yield of data, we were able to apply statistical techniques that revealed combinatorial effects between these factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Beussman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Molly Y Mollica
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andrea Leonard
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jeffrey Miles
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - John Hocter
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Zizhen Song
- School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Moritz Stolla
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sangyoon J Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Ashley Emery
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Wendy E Thomas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nathan J Sniadecki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Resuscitation Engineering Science Unit (RESCU), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
K Sekar P, M Liang X, Jin Y, Zhou X, Hu M, Wu Y, Gao D. Comprehensive multiparameter evaluation of platelet function using a highly sensitive membrane capacitance sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 228:115192. [PMID: 36924685 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
An accurate and comprehensive assessment of platelet function is essential for managing patients who receive antiplatelet therapies or require platelet transfusion either for treating active bleeding or for prophylaxis. Platelets contribute to clotting by undergoing a series of highly regulated functional responses including adhesion, spreading, granular secretion, aggregation, and cytoskeletal contraction. However, current platelet function assays evaluate only partial aspects of this intricate process and often under non-physiological testing conditions. Herein, we describe the development of a new approach to measure multiple key platelet function-related parameters, in a more physiologically relevant ex vivo semi-rigid microenvironment using a membrane capacitance sensor (MCS). MCS response to clotting provided three sensing parameters with sensitivities towards platelet counts, stimulation strengths, and activation pathways. Live confocal fluorescent imaging of stimulated platelets on MCS suggests that the presented system can readily and accurately convert the dynamics of cytoskeletal reorganization into analyzable electrical signals. Together, this new completely electrical sensing platform can be a promising diagnostic venue to recognize the impairment of primary hemostatic functions, evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic interventions, and gain further insights into the mechanisms of platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen K Sekar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Xin M Liang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Division of Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, VA Boston Healthcare System, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ye Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, PR China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Yanyun Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Dayong Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Severin S, Consonni A, Chicanne G, Allart S, Payrastre B, Gratacap MP. SHIP1 Controls Internal Platelet Contraction and α IIbβ 3 Integrin Dynamics in Early Platelet Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020958. [PMID: 36674478 PMCID: PMC9860818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) is known to dephosphorylate PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 into PtdIns(3,4)P2 and to interact with several signaling proteins though its docking functions. It has been shown to negatively regulate platelet adhesion and spreading on a fibrinogen surface and to positively regulate thrombus growth. In the present study, we have investigated its role during the early phase of platelet activation. Using confocal-based morphometric analysis, we found that SHIP1 is involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal organization and internal contractile activity in thrombin-activated platelets. The absence of SHIP1 has no significant impact on thrombin-induced Akt or Erk1/2 activation, but it selectively affects the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway and myosin IIA relocalization to the cytoskeleton. SHIP1 interacts with the spectrin-based membrane skeleton, and its absence induces a loss of sustained association of integrins to this network together with a decrease in αIIbβ3 integrin clustering following thrombin stimulation. This αIIbβ3 integrin dynamics requires the contractile cytoskeleton under the control of SHIP1. RhoA activation, internal platelet contraction, and membrane skeleton integrin association were insensitive to the inhibition of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 synthesis or SHIP1 phosphatase activity, indicating a role for the docking properties of SHIP1 in these processes. Altogether, our data reveal a lipid-independent function for SHIP1 in the regulation of the contractile cytoskeleton and integrin dynamics in platelets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Severin
- Institut des Maladies Métabolique et Cardiovasculaire (I2MC), Inserm and Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier (UMR-1297), 1 Avenue J. Poulhes, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.-P.G.); Tel.: +33-5-31-22-41-43 (S.S.); +33-5-31-22-41-50 (M.-P.G.)
| | - Alessandra Consonni
- Institut des Maladies Métabolique et Cardiovasculaire (I2MC), Inserm and Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier (UMR-1297), 1 Avenue J. Poulhes, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaëtan Chicanne
- Institut des Maladies Métabolique et Cardiovasculaire (I2MC), Inserm and Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier (UMR-1297), 1 Avenue J. Poulhes, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Allart
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier and Inserm (UMR-1291) and CNRS (UMR-5051), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Purpan, CEDEX 3, 31024 Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- Institut des Maladies Métabolique et Cardiovasculaire (I2MC), Inserm and Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier (UMR-1297), 1 Avenue J. Poulhes, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Centre de Référence des Pathologies Plaquettaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rangueil, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Gratacap
- Institut des Maladies Métabolique et Cardiovasculaire (I2MC), Inserm and Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier (UMR-1297), 1 Avenue J. Poulhes, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.-P.G.); Tel.: +33-5-31-22-41-43 (S.S.); +33-5-31-22-41-50 (M.-P.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Litvinov RI, Weisel JW. Blood clot contraction: Mechanisms, pathophysiology, and disease. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100023. [PMID: 36760777 PMCID: PMC9903854 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A State of the Art lecture titled "Blood Clot Contraction: Mechanisms, Pathophysiology, and Disease" was presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) Congress in 2022. This was a systematic description of blood clot contraction or retraction, driven by activated platelets and causing compaction of the fibrin network along with compression of the embedded erythrocytes. The consequences of clot contraction include redistribution of the fibrin-platelet meshwork toward the periphery of the clot and condensation of erythrocytes in the core, followed by their deformation from the biconcave shape into polyhedral cells (polyhedrocytes). These structural signatures of contraction have been found in ex vivo thrombi derived from various locations, which indicated that clots undergo intravital contraction within the blood vessels. In hemostatic clots, tightly packed polyhedrocytes make a nearly impermeable seal that stems bleeding and is impaired in hemorrhagic disorders. In thrombosis, contraction facilitates the local blood flow by decreasing thrombus obstructiveness, reducing permeability, and changing susceptibility to fibrinolytic enzymes. However, in (pro)thrombotic conditions, continuous background platelet activation is followed by platelet exhaustion, refractoriness, and impaired intravital clot contraction, which is associated with weaker thrombi predisposed to embolization. Therefore, assays that detect imperfect in vitro clot contraction have potential diagnostic and prognostic values for imminent or ongoing thrombosis and thrombotic embolism. Collectively, the contraction of blood clots and thrombi is an underappreciated and understudied process that has a pathogenic and clinical significance in bleeding and thrombosis of various etiologies. Finally, we have summarized relevant new data on this topic presented during the 2022 ISTH Congress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rustem I Litvinov
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John W Weisel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Baumann J, Sachs L, Otto O, Schoen I, Nestler P, Zaninetti C, Kenny M, Kranz R, von Eysmondt H, Rodriguez J, Schäffer TE, Nagy Z, Greinacher A, Palankar R, Bender M. Reduced platelet forces underlie impaired hemostasis in mouse models of MYH9-related disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn2627. [PMID: 35584211 PMCID: PMC9116608 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease patients with mutations in the contractile protein nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA display, among others, macrothrombocytopenia and a mild-to-moderate bleeding tendency. In this study, we used three mouse lines, each with one point mutation in the Myh9 gene at positions 702, 1424, or 1841, to investigate mechanisms underlying the increased bleeding risk. Agonist-induced activation of Myh9 mutant platelets was comparable to controls. However, myosin light chain phosphorylation after activation was reduced in mutant platelets, which displayed altered biophysical characteristics and generated lower adhesion, interaction, and traction forces. Treatment with tranexamic acid restored clot retraction in the presence of tPA and reduced bleeding. We verified our findings from the mutant mice with platelets from patients with the respective mutation. These data suggest that reduced platelet forces lead to an increased bleeding tendency in patients with MYH9-related disease, and treatment with tranexamic acid can improve the hemostatic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Baumann
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine—Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Laura Sachs
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oliver Otto
- Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz—Humorale Immunreaktionen bei Kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e. V., Standort Greifswald, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ingmar Schoen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Nestler
- Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz—Humorale Immunreaktionen bei Kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carlo Zaninetti
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martin Kenny
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ruth Kranz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine—Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Johanna Rodriguez
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Zoltan Nagy
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine—Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Raghavendra Palankar
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Corresponding author. (M.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine—Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
- Corresponding author. (M.B.); (R.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Trigani KT, DeCortin M, Diamond S. ADP and thromboxane inhibitors both reduce global contraction of clot length, while thromboxane inhibition attenuates internal aggregate contraction. TH OPEN 2022; 6:e135-e143. [PMID: 35707619 PMCID: PMC9192180 DOI: 10.1055/a-1832-9293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet contractility drives clot contraction to enhance clot density and stability. Clot contraction is typically studied under static conditions, with fewer studies of wall-adherent platelet clots formed under flow. We tested the effect of inhibitors of ADP and/or thromboxane A2 (TXA2) signaling on clot contraction. Using an eight-channel microfluidic device, we perfused PPACK-treated whole blood (WB) ± acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 2-methylthioAMP (2-MeSAMP), and/or MRS-2179 over collagen (100/s) for 7.5 min, then stopped flow to observe contraction for 7.5 minutes. Two automated imaging methods scored fluorescent platelet percent contraction over the no-flow observation period: (1) “global” measurement of clot length and (2) “local” changes in surface area coverage of the numerous platelet aggregates within the clot. Total platelet fluorescence intensity (FI) decreased with concomitant decrease in global aggregate contraction when ASA, 2-MeSAMP, and/or MRS-2179 were present. Total platelet FI and global aggregate contraction were highly correlated (
R2
= 0.87). In contrast, local aggregate contraction was more pronounced than global aggregate contraction across all inhibition conditions. However, ASA significantly reduced local aggregate contraction relative to conditions without TXA2 inhibition. P-selectin display was significantly reduced by ADP and TXA2 inhibition, but there was limited detection of global or local aggregate contraction in P-selectin-positive platelets across all conditions, as expected for densely packed “core” platelets. Our results demonstrate that global aggregate contraction is inhibited by ASA, 2-MeSAMP, and MRS-2179, while ASA more potently inhibited local aggregate contraction. These results help resolve how different platelet antagonists affect global and local clot structure and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Timothy Trigani
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Michael DeCortin
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Scott Diamond
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, U Penn Vagelos Research Laboratories, Philadelphia, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Y, Jiang F, Chen Y, Ju LA. Platelet Mechanobiology Inspired Microdevices: From Hematological Function Tests to Disease and Drug Screening. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:779753. [PMID: 35126120 PMCID: PMC8811026 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.779753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet function tests are essential to profile platelet dysfunction and dysregulation in hemostasis and thrombosis. Clinically they provide critical guidance to the patient management and therapeutic evaluation. Recently, the biomechanical effects induced by hemodynamic and contractile forces on platelet functions attracted increasing attention. Unfortunately, the existing platelet function tests on the market do not sufficiently incorporate the topical platelet mechanobiology at play. Besides, they are often expensive and bulky systems that require large sample volumes and long processing time. To this end, numerous novel microfluidic technologies emerge to mimic vascular anatomies, incorporate hemodynamic parameters and recapitulate platelet mechanobiology. These miniaturized and cost-efficient microfluidic devices shed light on high-throughput, rapid and scalable platelet function testing, hematological disorder profiling and antiplatelet drug screening. Moreover, the existing antiplatelet drugs often have suboptimal efficacy while incurring several adverse bleeding side effects on certain individuals. Encouraged by a few microfluidic systems that are successfully commercialized and applied to clinical practices, the microfluidics that incorporate platelet mechanobiology hold great potential as handy, efficient, and inexpensive point-of-care tools for patient monitoring and therapeutic evaluation. Hereby, we first summarize the conventional and commercially available platelet function tests. Then we highlight the recent advances of platelet mechanobiology inspired microfluidic technologies. Last but not least, we discuss their future potential of microfluidics as point-of-care tools for platelet function test and antiplatelet drug screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Fengtao Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- The Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Lining Arnold Ju,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Extent of intravital contraction of arterial and venous thrombi and pulmonary emboli. Blood Adv 2021; 6:1708-1718. [PMID: 34972200 PMCID: PMC8941457 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ratio of compressed polyhedral to native biconcave RBCs in blood clots and thrombi is a “ruler” to measure extent of clot contraction. The extent of intravital contraction of ex vivo arterial and venous thrombi is associated with their origins, age, and embologenicity.
Blood clots and thrombi undergo platelet-driven contraction/retraction followed by structural rearrangements. We have established quantitative relationships between the composition of blood clots and extent of contraction to determine intravital contraction of thrombi and emboli based on their content. The composition of human blood clots and thrombi was quantified using histology and scanning electron microscopy. Contracting blood clots were segregated into the gradually shrinking outer layer that contains a fibrin-platelet mesh and the expanding inner portion with compacted red blood cells (RBCs). At 10% contraction, biconcave RBCs were partially compressed into polyhedral RBCs, which became dominant at 20% contraction and higher. The polyhedral/biconcave RBC ratio and the extent of contraction displayed an exponential relationship, which was used to determine the extent of intravital contraction of ex vivo thrombi, ranging from 30% to 50%. In venous thrombi, the extent of contraction decreased gradually from the older (head) to the younger (body, tail) parts. In pulmonary emboli, the extent of contraction was significantly lower than in the venous head but was similar to the body and tail, suggesting that the emboli originate from the younger portion(s) of venous thrombi. The extent of contraction in arterial cerebral thrombi was significantly higher than in the younger parts of venous thrombi (body, tail) and pulmonary emboli but was indistinguishable from the older part (head). A novel tool, named the “contraction ruler,” has been developed to use the composition of ex vivo thrombi to assess the extent of their intravital contraction, which contributes to the pathophysiology of thromboembolism.
Collapse
|
16
|
Platelet binding to polymerizing fibrin is avidity driven and requires activated αIIbβ3 but not fibrin cross-linking. Blood Adv 2021; 5:3986-4002. [PMID: 34647980 PMCID: PMC8945615 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet interaction with polymerizing fibrin is avidity driven and requires activated αIIbβ3 but not fibrin cross-linking. The mechanism by which αIIbβ3 interacts with polymerizing fibrin differs subtly from the interaction of αIIbβ3 with fibrinogen.
The molecular basis of platelet-fibrin interactions remains poorly understood despite the predominance of fibrin in thrombi. We have studied the interaction of platelets with polymerizing fibrin by adding thrombin to washed platelets in the presence of the peptide RGDW, which inhibits the initial platelet aggregation mediated by fibrinogen binding to αIIbβ3 but leaves intact a delayed increase in light transmission (delayed wave; DW) as platelets interact with the polymerizing fibrin. The DW was absent in platelets from a patient with Glanzmann thrombasthenia, indicating a requirement for αIIbβ3. The DW required αIIbb3 activation and it was inhibited by the αIIbβ3 antagonists eptifibatide and the monoclonal antibody (mAb) 7E3, but only at much higher concentrations than needed to inhibit platelet aggregation initiated by a thrombin receptor activating peptide (T6). Surface plasmon resonance and scanning electron microscopy studies both supported fibrin having greater avidity for αIIbβ3 than fibrinogen rather than greater affinity, consistent with fibrin’s multivalency. mAb 10E5, a potent inhibitor of T6-induced platelet aggregation, did not inhibit the DW, suggesting that fibrin differs from fibrinogen in its mechanism of binding. Inhibition of factor XIII–mediated fibrin cross-linking by >95% reduced the DW by only 32%. Clot retraction showed a pattern of inhibition similar to that of the DW. We conclude that activated αIIbβ3 is the primary mediator of platelet-fibrin interactions leading to clot retraction, and that the interaction is avidity driven, does not require fibrin cross-linking, and is mediated by a mechanism that differs subtly from that of the interaction of αIIbβ3 with fibrinogen.
Collapse
|
17
|
Hattori M, Sugiura N, Wazawa T, Matsuda T, Nagai T. Ratiometric Bioluminescent Indicator for a Simple and Rapid Measurement of Thrombin Activity Using a Smartphone. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13520-13526. [PMID: 34570461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hemostasis is an essential function that repairs tissues and maintains the survival of living organisms. To prevent diseases caused by the abnormality of the blood coagulation mechanism, it is important to carry out a blood test periodically by a method that is convenient and less burdensome for examiners. Thrombin is a protease that catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen, and its cleavage activity can be an index of coagulation activity. Here, we developed a ratiometric bioluminescent indicator, Thrombastor (thrombin activity sensing indicator), which reflects the thrombin cleavage activity in blood by changing the emission color from green to blue. Compared to the current thrombin activity indicator, the rapid color change of the emission indicated a 2.5-fold decrease in the Km for thrombin, and the cleavage rate was more than two times faster. By improving the absolute bioluminescence intensity, detection from a small amount of plasma could be achieved with a smartphone camera. Using Thrombastor and a versatile device, an effective diagnosis for preventing coagulation disorders can be provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Hattori
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Nae Sugiura
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuichi Wazawa
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Tomoki Matsuda
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Takeharu Nagai
- SANKEN (The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ribbat-Idel J, Stellmacher F, Jann F, Kalms N, König IR, Ohlrich M, Royl G, Klotz S, Kurz T, Kemmling A, Roessler FC. Development and reliability of the histological THROMBEX-classification rule for thrombotic emboli of acute ischemic stroke patients. Neurol Res Pract 2021; 3:50. [PMID: 34538282 PMCID: PMC8451083 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-021-00149-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thrombus histology has become a potential diagnostic tool for the etiology assessment of patients with ischemic stroke caused by embolic proximal vessel occlusion. We validated a classification rule that differentiates between cardiac and arteriosclerotic emboli in individual stroke patients. We aim to describe in detail the development of this classification rule and disclose its reliability. Methods The classification rule is based on the hypothesis that cardiac emboli arise out of separation thrombi and arteriosclerotic emboli result from agglutinative thrombi. 125 emboli recovered by thrombectomy from stroke patients and 11 thrombi serving as references for cardiac (n = 5) and arteriosclerotic emboli (n = 6) were Hematoxylin and eosin, Elastica-van Gieson and CD61 stained and rated independently by two histopathologists blinded to the presumed etiology by several pre-defined criteria. Intra- and interobserver reliabilities of all criteria were determined. Out of the different criteria, three criteria with the most satisfactory reliability values were selected to compose the classification rule that was finally adjusted to the reference thrombi. Reliabilities of the classification rule were calculated by using the emboli of stroke patients. Results The classification rule reached intraobserver reliabilities for the two raters of 92.9% and 68.2%, respectively. Interobserver reliability was 69.9%. Conclusions A new classification rule for emboli obtained from thrombectomy was established. Within the limitations of histological investigations, it is reliable and able to distinguish between cardioembolic and arteriosclerotic emboli. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s42466-021-00149-6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julika Ribbat-Idel
- Institute of Pathology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Florian Stellmacher
- Institute of Pathology, Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center, 23845, Borstel, Germany
| | - Florian Jann
- Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Klinikstraße 33, 35385, Gießen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Kalms
- Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Klinikstraße 33, 35385, Gießen, Germany
| | - Inke R König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160 (House 24), 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Ohlrich
- Department of Neurology, Sana Kliniken Lübeck GmbH, Kronsforder Allee 71-73, 23560, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Georg Royl
- Department of Neurology and Center of Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefan Klotz
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Segeberger Kliniken, Am Kurpark 1, 23795, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andrè Kemmling
- Department of Neuroradiology, Westpfalz-Klinikum, Hellmut-Hartert-Straße 1, 67655, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Florian C Roessler
- Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Klinikstraße 33, 35385, Gießen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jansen EE, Hartmann M. Clot Retraction: Cellular Mechanisms and Inhibitors, Measuring Methods, and Clinical Implications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1064. [PMID: 34440268 PMCID: PMC8394358 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets have important functions in hemostasis. Best investigated is the aggregation of platelets for primary hemostasis and their role as the surface for coagulation leading to fibrin- and clot-formation. Importantly, the function of platelets does not end with clot formation. Instead, platelets are responsible for clot retraction through the concerted action of the activated αIIbβ3 receptors on the surface of filopodia and the platelet's contractile apparatus binding and pulling at the fibrin strands. Meanwhile, the signal transduction events leading to clot retraction have been investigated thoroughly, and several targets to inhibit clot retraction have been demonstrated. Clot retraction is a physiologically important mechanism allowing: (1) the close contact of platelets in primary hemostasis, easing platelet aggregation and intercellular communication, (2) the reduction of wound size, (3) the compaction of red blood cells to a polyhedrocyte infection-barrier, and (4) reperfusion in case of thrombosis. Several methods have been developed to measure clot retraction that have been based on either the measurement of clot volume or platelet forces. Concerning the importance of clot retraction in inborn diseases, the failure of clot retraction in Glanzmann thrombasthenia is characterized by a bleeding phenotype. Concerning acquired diseases, altered clot retraction has been demonstrated in patients with coronary heart disease, stroke, bronchial asthma, uremia, lupus erythematodes, and other diseases. However, more studies on the diagnostic and prognostic value of clot retraction with methods that have to be standardized are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen E. Jansen
- Clinic for Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Matthias Hartmann
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Selvadurai MV, Moon MJ, Mountford SJ, Ma X, Zheng Z, Jennings IG, Setiabakti NM, Iman RP, Brazilek RJ, Z Abidin NA, Chicanne G, Severin S, Nicholls AJ, Wong CHY, Rinckel JY, Eckly A, Gachet C, Nesbitt WS, Thompson PE, Hamilton JR. Disrupting the platelet internal membrane via PI3KC2α inhibition impairs thrombosis independently of canonical platelet activation. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/553/eaar8430. [PMID: 32718993 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aar8430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arterial thrombosis causes heart attacks and most strokes and is the most common cause of death in the world. Platelets are the cells that form arterial thrombi, and antiplatelet drugs are the mainstay of heart attack and stroke prevention. Yet, current drugs have limited efficacy, preventing fewer than 25% of lethal cardiovascular events without clinically relevant effects on bleeding. The key limitation on the ability of all current drugs to impair thrombosis without causing bleeding is that they block global platelet activation, thereby indiscriminately preventing platelet function in hemostasis and thrombosis. Here, we identify an approach with the potential to overcome this limitation by preventing platelet function independently of canonical platelet activation and in a manner that appears specifically relevant in the setting of thrombosis. Genetic or pharmacological targeting of the class II phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3KC2α) dilates the internal membrane reserve of platelets but does not affect activation-dependent platelet function in standard tests. Despite this, inhibition of PI3KC2α is potently antithrombotic in human blood ex vivo and mice in vivo and does not affect hemostasis. Mechanistic studies reveal this antithrombotic effect to be the result of impaired platelet adhesion driven by pronounced hemodynamic shear stress gradients. These findings demonstrate an important role for PI3KC2α in regulating platelet structure and function via a membrane-dependent mechanism and suggest that drugs targeting the platelet internal membrane may be a suitable approach for antithrombotic therapies with an improved therapeutic window.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Selvadurai
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Mitchell J Moon
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Simon J Mountford
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Xiao Ma
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Zhaohua Zheng
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ian G Jennings
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Natasha M Setiabakti
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Rizani P Iman
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Rose J Brazilek
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Nurul Aisha Z Abidin
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Gaëtan Chicanne
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm U1048, Université Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Sonia Severin
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm U1048, Université Toulouse III, 31432 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Alyce J Nicholls
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Connie H Y Wong
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jean-Yves Rinckel
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anita Eckly
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Gachet
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Warwick S Nesbitt
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.,Microplatforms Research Group, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Philip E Thompson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Justin R Hamilton
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Golaszewska A, Misztal T, Marcinczyk N, Chabielska E, Rusak T. Adrenaline May Contribute to Prothrombotic Condition via Augmentation of Platelet Procoagulant Response, Enhancement of Fibrin Formation, and Attenuation of Fibrinolysis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:657881. [PMID: 34025450 PMCID: PMC8134743 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.657881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adrenaline is believed to play a role in thrombosis and hemostasis. The complex effect of its clinically relevant concentrations on thrombus formation, coagulation and fibrinolysis in human blood has never been specifically studied. Methods: Confocal microscopy was used to study thrombus formation under flow, exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) in adhered platelets, to evaluate clots density, and to measure kinetics of fibrin formation and external fibrinolysis under flow. Flow cytometry was utilized to assess PS exposure in non-adhered platelets. Kinetics of clot formation and internal fibrinolysis was evaluated by thromboelastometry. Platelet aggregation was measured by optical aggremometry. Kinetics of clot retraction was assessed by using digital camera. Results: We found that adrenaline (1-10 nM) is able to enhance platelet activation evoked by subthreshold collagen (150 ng/ml), resulting in augmentation of platelet aggregation, thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions, platelet PS exposure, and formation of platelet-fibrin clots. The development of platelet procoagulant response evoked by adrenaline + low collagen was associated with the formation of denser platelet-fibrin clots and the decrease in rate of fibrinolysis despite whether lysis was initiated inside (internal fibrinolysis) or outside the clot (external fibrinolysis). The above phenomena were abolished by the α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, rauwolscine. Adrenaline-collagen synergism, expressed as PS exposure, was significantly reduced by cyclooxygenase inhibitor (acetylsalicic acid), GPIIb/IIIa receptor blocker (tirofiban), and P2Y12 receptor antagonist (PSB 0739). Conclusion: Clinically relevant concentrations of adrenaline may significantly augment responses of human platelets in the presence of subthreshold concentrations of collagen, which should be considered during therapies involving adrenaline infusion. Routinely used antiplatelet drugs may reduce the prothrombotic state evoked by adrenaline-collagen synergism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Golaszewska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Misztal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Marcinczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rusak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The 14-3-3ζ-c-Src-integrin-β3 complex is vital for platelet activation. Blood 2021; 136:974-988. [PMID: 32584951 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019002314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several adaptor molecules bind to cytoplasmic tails of β-integrins and facilitate bidirectional signaling, which is critical in thrombosis and hemostasis. Interfering with integrin-adaptor interactions spatially or temporally to inhibit thrombosis without affecting hemostasis is an attractive strategy for the development of safe antithrombotic drugs. We show for the first time that the 14-3-3ζ-c-Src-integrin-β3 complex is formed during platelet activation. 14-3-3ζ-c-Src interaction is mediated by the -PIRLGLALNFSVFYYE- fragment (PE16) on the 14-3-3ζ and SH2-domain on c-Src, whereas the 14-3-3ζ-integrin-β3 interaction is mediated by the -ESKVFYLKMKGDYYRYL- fragment (EL17) on the 14-3-3ζ and -KEATSTF- fragment (KF7) on the β3-integrin cytoplasmic tail. The EL17-motif inhibitor, or KF7 peptide, interferes with the formation of the 14-3-3ζ-c-Src-integrin-β3 complex and selectively inhibits β3 outside-in signaling without affecting the integrin-fibrinogen interaction, which suppresses thrombosis without causing significant bleeding. This study characterized a previously unidentified 14-3-3ζ-c-Src-integrin-β3 complex in platelets and provided a novel strategy for the development of safe and effective antithrombotic treatments.
Collapse
|
23
|
Kovalenko TA, Giraud MN, Eckly A, Ribba AS, Proamer F, Fraboulet S, Podoplelova NA, Valentin J, Panteleev MA, Gonelle-Gispert C, Cook S, Lafanechère L, Sveshnikova AN, Sadoul K. Asymmetrical Forces Dictate the Distribution and Morphology of Platelets in Blood Clots. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030584. [PMID: 33800866 PMCID: PMC7998474 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hemostasis consists in the activation of platelets, which spread on the exposed extracellular matrix at the injured vessel surface. Secondary hemostasis, the coagulation cascade, generates a fibrin clot in which activated platelets and other blood cells get trapped. Active platelet-dependent clot retraction reduces the clot volume by extruding the serum. Thus, the clot architecture changes with time of contraction, which may have an important impact on the healing process and the dissolution of the clot, but the precise physiological role of clot retraction is still not completely understood. Since platelets are the only actors to develop force for the retraction of the clot, their distribution within the clot should influence the final clot architecture. We analyzed platelet distributions in intracoronary thrombi and observed that platelets and fibrin co-accumulate in the periphery of retracting clots in vivo. A computational mechanical model suggests that asymmetric forces are responsible for a different contractile behavior of platelets in the periphery versus the clot center, which in turn leads to an uneven distribution of platelets and fibrin fibers within the clot. We developed an in vitro clot retraction assay that reproduces the in vivo observations and follows the prediction of the computational model. Our findings suggest a new active role of platelet contraction in forming a tight fibrin- and platelet-rich boundary layer on the free surface of fibrin clots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Kovalenko
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str., 109029 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.K.); (N.A.P.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Marie-Noelle Giraud
- Cardiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.-N.G.); (J.V.); (S.C.)
| | - Anita Eckly
- BPPS UMR-S 1255, EFS Grand Est, FMTS, INSERM, University of Strasbourg, F-67065 Strasbourg, France; (A.E.); (F.P.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Ribba
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, F-38700 Grenoble, France; (A.-S.R.); (S.F.); (L.L.)
| | - Fabienne Proamer
- BPPS UMR-S 1255, EFS Grand Est, FMTS, INSERM, University of Strasbourg, F-67065 Strasbourg, France; (A.E.); (F.P.)
| | - Sandrine Fraboulet
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, F-38700 Grenoble, France; (A.-S.R.); (S.F.); (L.L.)
| | - Nadezhda A. Podoplelova
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str., 109029 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.K.); (N.A.P.); (M.A.P.)
- National Medical Research Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology Named after Dmitry Rogachev, 1 Samory Mashela St, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Jeremy Valentin
- Cardiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.-N.G.); (J.V.); (S.C.)
| | - Mikhail A. Panteleev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str., 109029 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.K.); (N.A.P.); (M.A.P.)
- National Medical Research Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology Named after Dmitry Rogachev, 1 Samory Mashela St, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Carmen Gonelle-Gispert
- Surgical Research Unit, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
| | - Stéphane Cook
- Cardiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; (M.-N.G.); (J.V.); (S.C.)
| | - Laurence Lafanechère
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, F-38700 Grenoble, France; (A.-S.R.); (S.F.); (L.L.)
| | - Anastasia N. Sveshnikova
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya str., 109029 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.K.); (N.A.P.); (M.A.P.)
- National Medical Research Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology Named after Dmitry Rogachev, 1 Samory Mashela St, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.N.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Karin Sadoul
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, F-38700 Grenoble, France; (A.-S.R.); (S.F.); (L.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.S.); (K.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Teeraratkul C, Irwin Z, Shadden SC, Mukherjee D. Computational investigation of blood flow and flow-mediated transport in arterial thrombus neighborhood. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 20:701-715. [PMID: 33438148 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A pathologically formed blood clot or thrombus is central to major cardiovascular diseases like heart attack and stroke. Detailed quantitative evaluation of flow and flow-mediated transport processes in the thrombus neighborhood within large artery hemodynamics is crucial for understanding disease progression and assessing treatment efficacy. This, however, remains a challenging task owing to the complexity of pulsatile viscous flow interactions with arbitrary shape and heterogeneous microstructure of realistic thrombi. Here, we address this challenge by conducting a systematic parametric simulation-based study on characterizing unsteady hemodynamics and flow-mediated transport in the neighborhood of an arterial thrombus. We use a hybrid particle-continuum-based finite element approach to handle arbitrary thrombus shape and microstructural variations. Results from a cohort of 50 different unsteady flow scenarios are presented, including unsteady vortical structures, pressure gradient across the thrombus boundary, finite time Lyapunov exponents, and dynamic coherent structures that organize advective transport. We clearly illustrate the combined influence of three key parameters-thrombus shape, microstructure, and extent of wall disease-in terms of: (a) determining hemodynamic features in the thrombus neighborhood and (b) governing the balance between advection, permeation, and diffusion to regulate transport processes in the thrombus neighborhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chayut Teeraratkul
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, United States of America
| | - Zachariah Irwin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, United States of America
| | - Shawn C Shadden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
| | - Debanjan Mukherjee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Biorheology of occlusive thrombi formation under high shear: in vitro growth and shrinkage. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18604. [PMID: 33122712 PMCID: PMC7596481 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Occlusive thrombi formed under high flow shear rates develop very rapidly in arteries and may lead to myocardial infarction or stroke. Rapid platelet accumulation (RPA) and occlusion of platelet-rich thrombi and clot shrinkage have been studied after flow arrest. However, the influence of margination and shear rate on occlusive clot formation is not fully understood yet. In this study, the influence of flow on the growth and shrinkage of a clot is investigated. Whole blood (WB) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) were perfused at high shear rates (> 3,000 s−1) through two microfluidic systems with a stenotic section under constant pressure. The stenotic section of the two devices are different in stenotic length (1,000 vs 150 μm) and contraction angle of the stenosis (15° vs 80°). In all experiments, the flow chamber occluded in the stenotic section. Besides a significantly increased lag time and decreased RPA rate for PRP compared to WB (p < 0.01), the device with a shorter stenotic section and steeper contraction angle showed a shear-dependent occlusion and lag time for both PRP and WB. This shear-dependent behavior of the platelet aggregate formation might be caused by the stenotic geometry.
Collapse
|
26
|
Schurr Y, Sperr A, Volz J, Beck S, Reil L, Kusch C, Eiring P, Bryson S, Sauer M, Nieswandt B, Machesky L, Bender M. Platelet lamellipodium formation is not required for thrombus formation and stability. Blood 2019; 134:2318-2329. [PMID: 31697813 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019002105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During platelet spreading, the actin cytoskeleton undergoes rapid rearrangement, forming filopodia and lamellipodia. Controversial data have been published on the role of lamellipodia in thrombus formation and stability. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein-family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE)-regulatory complex, which has been shown in other cells to drive lamellipodium formation by enhancing actin nucleation via the actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex, is activated by Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) interaction with the WAVE complex subunit cytoplasmic fragile X mental retardation 1-interacting protein 1 (Cyfip1). We analyzed Cyfip1flox/floxPf4-Cre mice to investigate the role of Cyfip1 in platelet function. These mice displayed normal platelet counts and a slight reduction in platelet volume. Activation of mutant platelets was only moderately reduced to all tested agonists as measured by αIIbβ3 integrin activation and P-selectin surface exposure. However, lamellipodium formation of mutant platelets was completely abolished on different matrices. Nevertheless, Cyfip1-deficient platelets formed stable thrombi on collagen fibers ex vivo and in 2 models of occlusive arterial thrombosis in vivo. Similarly, the hemostatic function and maintenance of vascular integrity during inflammation of the skin and lung were unaltered in the mutant mice. Investigation of platelet morphology in an induced thrombus under flow revealed that platelets rather form filopodia in the thrombus shell, and are flattened with filopodium-like structures when in direct contact to collagen fibers at the bottom of the thrombus. We provide for the first time direct evidence that platelet lamellipodium formation is not required for stable thrombus formation, and that morphological changes of platelets differ between a static spreading assay and thrombus formation under flow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Schurr
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital
- Rudolf Virchow Center, and
| | - Andreas Sperr
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital
- Rudolf Virchow Center, and
| | - Julia Volz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital
- Rudolf Virchow Center, and
| | - Sarah Beck
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital
- Rudolf Virchow Center, and
| | - Lucy Reil
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital
- Rudolf Virchow Center, and
| | - Charly Kusch
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital
- Rudolf Virchow Center, and
| | - Patrick Eiring
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sheila Bryson
- Beatson Institute, Cancer Research UK, Glasgow, United Kingdom; and
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital
- Rudolf Virchow Center, and
| | - Laura Machesky
- Beatson Institute, Cancer Research UK, Glasgow, United Kingdom; and
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine-Chair I, University Hospital
- Rudolf Virchow Center, and
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
An X, Jiang G, Cheng C, Lv Z, Liu Y, Wang F. Inhibition of Platelets by Clopidogrel Suppressed Ang II-Induced Vascular Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Remodeling. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e009600. [PMID: 30608200 PMCID: PMC6404205 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.009600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Platelets play a role in promoting inflammatory responses under several disease conditions. Platelets are activated in hypertensive patients. However, the mechanisms responsible for platelet‐mediating vascular inflammation are unknown. The present study investigated the role of platelets in promoting vascular inflammation following angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulation, and the efficacy of antiplatelet intervention. Methods and Results Within a mouse model of Ang II infusion (490 ng/kg per min), we measured the portion of P‐selectin–positive platelets and platelet‐monocyte (P‐M) binding in blood samples, and platelet accumulation and P‐M binding in vessels under Ang II stimulation at days 1, 3, and 7. We tested the efficacy of clopidogrel (15 mg/kg per day, followed by 5 mg/kg per day) on Ang II‐induced platelet activation, P‐M binding, vascular platelet accumulation, as well as vascular inflammation and remodeling at day 7 or 14. Clopidogrel reduced platelet vascular deposition (28.7±2.4% versus 18.3±2.9%), suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration (3.6±0.8×104/vessel versus 2.3±1.2×104/vessel) and oxidative stress, and attenuated vascular remodeling and dysfunction (55.0±5.5% versus 84.0±6.0%) following Ang II stimulation at day 7 or 14. Clopidogrel suppressed Ang II‐induced P‐M binding both at circulating (13.4±3.3% versus 5.9±2.7%) and regional (33.4±4.3% versus 11.9±2.7%) levels. Conclusions Platelets play a critical role in vascular inflammation under Ang II stimulation, with a marked promotion of P‐M binding as an important mechanism. Clopidogrel prevented vascular inflammation in Ang II‐infused mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo An
- 1 Department of Interventional Therapy the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China.,3 Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Guinan Jiang
- 1 Department of Interventional Therapy the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China.,3 Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- 4 Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Zhengshuai Lv
- 2 Department of Anesthesia the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Yang Liu
- 3 Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Feng Wang
- 1 Department of Interventional Therapy the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Misztal T, Golaszewska A, Tomasiak-Lozowska MM, Iwanicka M, Marcinczyk N, Leszczynska A, Chabielska E, Rusak T. The myeloperoxidase product, hypochlorous acid, reduces thrombus formation under flow and attenuates clot retraction and fibrinolysis in human blood. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 141:426-437. [PMID: 31279970 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (HOCl), a strong oxidant and antimicrobial agent, has been proposed to be associated with hemostatic abnormalities during inflammatory response. However, its complex impact on hemostasis is not completely understood. In this report we studied the effect of clinically relevant (micromolar) HOCl concentrations on thrombus formation under flow, kinetics of platelet-fibrin clot formation, its architecture, retraction, and lysis. We found that HOCl (up to 500 µM) did not affect kinetics of coagulation measured in whole blood. HOCl (500-1000 µM) markedly diminished thrombus formation under flow. Clot retraction rate was reduced by HOCl dose-dependently (50-500 µM). HOCl (125-500 µM) inhibited fibrinolysis in whole blood and in platelet-depleted plasma, dose-dependently. Activity of plasmin was reduced by HOCl at concentrations started from 500 µM. HOCl (up to 500 µM) did not reduce plasminogen binding to fibrin under flow. HOCl (125-500 µM) modulated architecture of fibrin- and platelet-fibrin clots towards structures made of thin and densely packed fibers. Exposure of pure fibrinogen to HOCl (10-1000 µM) resulted in formation of dityrosine and was associated with altered fibrin structure derived from such modified fibrinogen. HOCl-altered fibrin net structure was not related with modulation of platelet procoagulant response, thrombin generation, and factor XIII activity. We conclude that, in human blood, clinically relevant HOCl concentrations may inhibit thrombus formation under flow, clot retraction and fibrinolysis. Fibrinolysis and clot retraction seem to be the most sensitive to HOCl-evoked inhibition. HOCl-modified fibrinogen and altered clot structure associated with it are likely to be primary sources of attenuated fibrinolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Misztal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Agata Golaszewska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | | | - Marta Iwanicka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Natalia Marcinczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Leszczynska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Rusak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
MELEKOĞLU A, KARAHAN O. Hücre İskeleti Yapıları ve Hastalıklarla Etkileşimleri. ACTA MEDICA ALANYA 2019. [DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.528070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
30
|
Microclot array elastometry for integrated measurement of thrombus formation and clot biomechanics under fluid shear. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2051. [PMID: 31053712 PMCID: PMC6499828 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood clotting at the vascular injury site is a complex process that involves platelet adhesion and clot stiffening/contraction in the milieu of fluid flow. An integrated understanding of the hemodynamics and tissue mechanics regulating this process is currently lacking due to the absence of an experimental system that can simultaneously model clot formation and measure clot mechanics under shear flow. Here we develop a microfluidic-integrated microclot-array-elastometry system (clotMAT) that recapitulates dynamic changes in clot mechanics under physiological shear. Treatments with procoagulants and platelet antagonists and studies with diseased patient plasma demonstrate the ability of the system to assay clot biomechanics associated with common antiplatelet treatments and bleeding disorders. The changes of clot mechanics under biochemical treatments and shear flow demonstrate independent yet equally strong effects of these two stimulants on clot stiffening. This microtissue force sensing system may have future research and diagnostic potential for various bleeding disorders.
Collapse
|
31
|
Contractile forces in platelet aggregates under microfluidic shear gradients reflect platelet inhibition and bleeding risk. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1204. [PMID: 30867419 PMCID: PMC6416331 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets contract forcefully after their activation, contributing to the strength and stability of platelet aggregates and fibrin clots during blood coagulation. Viscoelastic approaches can be used to assess platelet-induced clot strengthening, but they require thrombin and fibrin generation and are unable to measure platelet forces directly. Here, we report a rapid, microfluidic approach for measuring the contractile force of platelet aggregates for the detection of platelet dysfunction. We find that platelet forces are significantly reduced when blood samples are treated with inhibitors of myosin, GPIb-IX-V, integrin αIIbβ3, P2Y12, or thromboxane generation. Clinically, we find that platelet forces are measurably lower in cardiology patients taking aspirin. We also find that measuring platelet forces can identify Emergency Department trauma patients who subsequently require blood transfusions. Together, these findings indicate that microfluidic quantification of platelet forces may be a rapid and useful approach for monitoring both antiplatelet therapy and traumatic bleeding risk. Platelet aggregates generate contractile forces that contribute to their cohesion and adhesion. Here, Ting et al. develop a microfluidic device to measure contractile forces generated by platelet aggregates, and find it can detect the response of platelets to pharmacological agents and predict bleeding risk in trauma patients.
Collapse
|
32
|
Tutwiler V, Peshkova AD, Le Minh G, Zaitsev S, Litvinov RI, Cines DB, Weisel JW. Blood clot contraction differentially modulates internal and external fibrinolysis. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:361-370. [PMID: 30582674 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Clot contraction influences the rate of fibrinolysis in vitro. Internal fibrinolysis is enhanced ∼2-fold in contracted vs. uncontracted blood clots. External fibrinolysis is ∼4-fold slower in contracted vs. uncontracted blood clots. Contraction can modulate lytic resistance and potentially the clinical outcome of thrombosis. SUMMARY: Background Fibrinolysis involves dissolution of polymeric fibrin networks that is required to restore blood flow through vessels obstructed by thrombi. The efficiency of lysis depends in part on the susceptibility of fibrin to enzymatic digestion, which is governed by the structure and spatial organization of fibrin fibers. How platelet-driven clot contraction affects the efficacy of fibrinolysis has received relatively little study. Objective Here, we examined the effects of clot contraction on the rate of internal fibrinolysis emanating from within the clot to simulate (patho)physiological conditions and external fibrinolysis initiated from the clot exterior to simulate therapeutic thrombolysis. Methods Clot contraction was prevented by inhibiting platelet myosin IIa activity, actin polymerization or platelet-fibrin(ogen) binding. Internal fibrinolysis was measured by optical tracking of clot size. External fibrinolysis was determined by the release of radioactive fibrin degradation products. Results and Conclusions Clot contraction enhanced the rate of internal fibrinolysis ∼2-fold. In contrast, external fibrinolysis was ~4-fold slower in contracted clots. This dichotomy in the susceptibility of contracted and uncontracted clots to internal vs. external lysis suggests that the rate of lysis is dependent upon the interplay between accessibility of fibrin fibers to fibrinolytic agents, including clot permeability, and the spatial proximity of the fibrin fibers that modulate the effects of the fibrinolytic enzymes. Understanding how compaction of blood clots influences clot lysis might have important implications for prevention and treatment of thrombotic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Tutwiler
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alina D Peshkova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Giang Le Minh
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei Zaitsev
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rustem I Litvinov
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Douglas B Cines
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John W Weisel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nechipurenko DY, Receveur N, Yakimenko AO, Shepelyuk TO, Yakusheva AA, Kerimov RR, Obydennyy SI, Eckly A, Léon C, Gachet C, Grishchuk EL, Ataullakhanov FI, Mangin PH, Panteleev MA. Clot Contraction Drives the Translocation of Procoagulant Platelets to Thrombus Surface. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:37-47. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
After activation at the site of vascular injury, platelets differentiate into 2 subpopulations, exhibiting either proaggregatory or procoagulant phenotype. Although the functional role of proaggregatory platelets is well established, the physiological significance of procoagulant platelets, the dynamics of their formation, and spatial distribution in thrombus remain elusive.
Approach and Results—
Using transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy of arterial thrombi formed in vivo after ferric chloride–induced injury of carotid artery or mechanical injury of abdominal aorta in mice, we demonstrate that procoagulant platelets are located at the periphery of the formed thrombi. Real-time cell tracking during thrombus formation ex vivo revealed that procoagulant platelets originate from different locations within the thrombus and subsequently translocate towards its periphery. Such redistribution of procoagulant platelets was followed by generation of fibrin at thrombus surface. Using in silico model, we show that the outward translocation of procoagulant platelets can be driven by the contraction of the forming thrombi, which mechanically expels these nonaggregating cells to thrombus periphery. In line with the suggested mechanism, procoagulant platelets failed to translocate and remained inside the thrombi formed ex vivo in blood derived from nonmuscle myosin (
MYH9
)-deficient mice. Ring-like distribution of procoagulant platelets and fibrin around the thrombus observed with blood of humans and wild-type mice was not present in thrombi of
MYH9
-knockout mice, confirming a major role of thrombus contraction in this phenomenon.
Conclusions—
Contraction of arterial thrombus is responsible for the mechanical extrusion of procoagulant platelets to its periphery, leading to heterogeneous structure of thrombus exterior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Y. Nechipurenko
- From the Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (D.Y.N., R.R.K., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Nicolas Receveur
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Alena O. Yakimenko
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Taisiya O. Shepelyuk
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (T.O.S.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Alexandra A. Yakusheva
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Roman R. Kerimov
- From the Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (D.Y.N., R.R.K., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Sergei I. Obydennyy
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Anita Eckly
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Catherine Léon
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Christian Gachet
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Ekaterina L. Grishchuk
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (E.L.G.)
| | - Fazoil I. Ataullakhanov
- From the Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (D.Y.N., R.R.K., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Department of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia (F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| | - Pierre H. Mangin
- INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, UMR_S1255, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, France (N.R., A.E., C.L., C.G., P.H.M.)
| | - Mikhail A. Panteleev
- From the Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia (D.Y.N., R.R.K., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Dmitry Rogachev National Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (D.Y.N., A.O.Y., T.O.S., A.A.Y., S.I.O., F.I.A., M.A.P.)
- Department of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia (F.I.A., M.A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu C, Yao W, Tian M, Wei J, Song Q, Qiao W. Mussel-inspired degradable antibacterial polydopamine/silica nanoparticle for rapid hemostasis. Biomaterials 2018; 179:83-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
35
|
Tunströmer K, Faxälv L, Boknäs N, Lindahl TL. Quantification of Platelet Contractile Movements during Thrombus Formation. Thromb Haemost 2018; 118:1600-1611. [PMID: 30112750 PMCID: PMC6298232 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1668151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Imaging methods based on time-lapse microscopy are important tools for studying the dynamic events that shape thrombus formation upon vascular injury. However, there is a lack of methods to translate the vast amount of visual data generated in such experiments into quantitative variables describing platelet movements that can be subjected to systematic analysis. In this study, we developed experimental and computational protocols allowing for a detailed mathematical analysis of platelet movements within a developing thrombus. We used a flow chamber-based model of thrombosis wherein a collagen strip was used to initiate platelet adhesion and activation. Combining the use of a platelet staining protocol, designed to enable identification of individual platelets, and image processing, we tracked the movements of a large number of individual platelets during thrombus formation and consolidation. These data were then processed to generate aggregate measures describing the heterogeneous movements of platelets in different areas of the thrombus and at different time points. Applying this model and its potential, to a comparative analysis on a panel of platelet inhibitors, we found that total platelet intra-thrombus movements are only slightly reduced by blocking the interactions between glycoproteins IIb/IIIa and Ib and their ligands or by inhibiting thromboxane synthesis or P2Y12 signalling. In contrast, whereas 30 to 40% of the platelets movements (for the CD42a-labelled platelets) and 20% (for the pro-coagulant platelets), within a thrombus, are contractile, i.e., towards the centre of the thrombus, this contractile component is almost totally abolished in the presence of agents inhibiting these pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kjersti Tunströmer
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lars Faxälv
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Niklas Boknäs
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Haematology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tomas L Lindahl
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Quantifying Embolism: Label‐Free Volumetric Mapping of Thrombus Structure and Kinesis in a Microfluidic System with Optical Holography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
37
|
Gaertner F, Ahmad Z, Rosenberger G, Fan S, Nicolai L, Busch B, Yavuz G, Luckner M, Ishikawa-Ankerhold H, Hennel R, Benechet A, Lorenz M, Chandraratne S, Schubert I, Helmer S, Striednig B, Stark K, Janko M, Böttcher RT, Verschoor A, Leon C, Gachet C, Gudermann T, Mederos Y Schnitzler M, Pincus Z, Iannacone M, Haas R, Wanner G, Lauber K, Sixt M, Massberg S. Migrating Platelets Are Mechano-scavengers that Collect and Bundle Bacteria. Cell 2017; 171:1368-1382.e23. [PMID: 29195076 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Blood platelets are critical for hemostasis and thrombosis and play diverse roles during immune responses. Despite these versatile tasks in mammalian biology, their skills on a cellular level are deemed limited, mainly consisting in rolling, adhesion, and aggregate formation. Here, we identify an unappreciated asset of platelets and show that adherent platelets use adhesion receptors to mechanically probe the adhesive substrate in their local microenvironment. When actomyosin-dependent traction forces overcome substrate resistance, platelets migrate and pile up the adhesive substrate together with any bound particulate material. They use this ability to act as cellular scavengers, scanning the vascular surface for potential invaders and collecting deposited bacteria. Microbe collection by migrating platelets boosts the activity of professional phagocytes, exacerbating inflammatory tissue injury in sepsis. This assigns platelets a central role in innate immune responses and identifies them as potential targets to dampen inflammatory tissue damage in clinical scenarios of severe systemic infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Gaertner
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), 13347 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Zerkah Ahmad
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhild Rosenberger
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Shuxia Fan
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Leo Nicolai
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Busch
- Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Gökce Yavuz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Manja Luckner
- Ultrastructural Research, Department Biology I, Biozentrum, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Roman Hennel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandre Benechet
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Michael Lorenz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sue Chandraratne
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Irene Schubert
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Helmer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bianca Striednig
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Stark
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marek Janko
- Department of Materials Science, Technische Universität, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ralph T Böttcher
- Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Admar Verschoor
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, Universität zu Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Catherine Leon
- UMR S949, Inserm, Université de Strasbourgh, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, 67065 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Gachet
- UMR S949, Inserm, Université de Strasbourgh, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, 67065 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80336 Munich, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Mederos Y Schnitzler
- Walther-Straub-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80336 Munich, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zachary Pincus
- Department of Developmental Biology and Department of Genetics, Washington University, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rainer Haas
- Chair of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, 80336 Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wanner
- Ultrastructural Research, Department Biology I, Biozentrum, Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Sixt
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST) Austria, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), 13347 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Endogenous fibrinolysis facilitates clot retraction in vivo. Blood 2017; 130:2453-2462. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-06-789032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Localized vascular injury with thrombin microinjection produces a fibrin network that undergoes myosin IIa–dependent retraction in vivo. Using this model, we demonstrate that endogenous fibrinolysis promotes fibrin clot retraction.
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee H, Sturgeon S, Jackson S, Hamilton J. The contribution of thrombin-induced platelet activation to thrombus growth is diminished under pathological blood shear conditions. Thromb Haemost 2017; 107:328-37. [DOI: 10.1160/th11-06-0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryDeveloping novel anti-platelet therapies is an important clinical strategy for the prevention of arterial thromboses which cause heart attacks and most strokes. Thrombin activates platelets via protease-activated receptors (PARs), and PAR antagonists are currently under investigation as antithrombotics. Yet despite these clinical advances, the importance of PARs to platelet activation during thromboses formed under pathological conditions has not been investigated. To this end, we examined the role of PAR-dependent platelet activation in thrombus formation in the presence of elevated blood shear rates. We used two in vivo thrombosis models and an ex vivo whole blood flow approach in PAR4-/-mice, whose platelets are unresponsive to thrombin, to show that the contribution of PAR-mediated platelet activation to thrombosis is diminished at pathological blood shear rates as a direct result of decreased incorporation of thrombin-activated platelets into growing thrombi. Our ex vivo observations were replicated in human whole blood treated with a PAR1 antagonist. These results define a novel, shear-regulated role for thrombin/PAR-dependent platelet activation during thrombosis and provide important insights into the conditions under which PAR antagonists may best be used for the prevention of acute coronary syndromes.
Collapse
|
40
|
Lindahl T, Faxälv L, Claesson K. Counting the platelets: a robust and sensitive quantification method for thrombus formation. Thromb Haemost 2017; 115:1178-90. [DOI: 10.1160/th15-10-0799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryFlow chambers are common tools used for studying thrombus formation in vitro. However, the use of such devices is not standardised and there is a large diversity among the flow chamber systems currently used, and also in the methods used for quantifying the thrombus development. It was the study objective to evaluate a new method for analysis and quantification of platelet thrombus formation that can facilitate comparison of results between research groups. Whole blood was drawn over a collagen patch in commercial Ibid or in-house constructed PDMS flow chambers. Five percent of the platelets were fluorescently labelled and z-stack time-lapse images were captured during thrombus formation. Images were processed in a Python script in which the number of platelets and their respective x-, yand z-positions were obtained. For comparison with existing methods the platelets were also labelled and quantified using fluorescence intensity and thrombus volume estimations by confocal microscopy. The presented method was found less sensitive to microscope and image adjustments and provides more details on thrombus development dynamics than the methods for measuring fluorescence intensity and thrombus volume estimation. The platelet count method produced comparable results with commercial and PDMS flow chambers, and could also obtain information regarding the stability of each detected platelet in the thrombus. In conclusion, quantification of thrombus formation by platelet count is a sensitive and robust method that enables measurement of platelet accumulation and platelet stability in an absolute scale that could be used for comparisons between research groups.
Collapse
|
41
|
Modeling blood flow around a thrombus using a hybrid particle–continuum approach. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2017; 17:645-663. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-017-0983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
42
|
Feghhi S, Tooley WW, Sniadecki NJ. Nonmuscle Myosin IIA Regulates Platelet Contractile Forces Through Rho Kinase and Myosin Light-Chain Kinase. J Biomech Eng 2017; 138:2546290. [PMID: 27548633 DOI: 10.1115/1.4034489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Platelet contractile forces play a major role in clot retraction and help to hold hemostatic clots against the vessel wall. Platelet forces are produced by its cytoskeleton, which is composed of actin and nonmuscle myosin filaments. In this work, we studied the role of Rho kinase, myosin light-chain kinase, and myosin in the generation of contractile forces by using pharmacological inhibitors and arrays of flexible microposts to measure platelet forces. When platelets were seeded onto microposts, they formed aggregates on the tips of the microposts. Forces produced by the platelets in the aggregates were measured by quantifying the deflection of the microposts, which bent in proportion to the force of the platelets. Platelets were treated with small molecule inhibitors of myosin activity: Y-27632 to inhibit the Rho kinase (ROCK), ML-7 to inhibit myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), and blebbistatin to inhibit myosin ATPase activity. ROCK inhibition reduced platelet forces, demonstrating the importance of the assembly of actin and myosin phosphorylation in generating contractile forces. Similarly, MLCK inhibition caused weaker platelet forces, which verifies that myosin phosphorylation is needed for force generation in platelets. Platelets treated with blebbistatin also had weaker forces, which indicates that myosin's ATPase activity is necessary for platelet forces. Our studies demonstrate that myosin ATPase activity and the regulation of actin-myosin assembly by ROCK and MLCK are needed for the generation of platelet forces. Our findings illustrate and explain the importance of myosin for clot compaction in hemostasis and thrombosis.
Collapse
|
43
|
Hosseini E, Ghasemzadeh M. Intravascular leukocyte migration through platelet thrombi: directing leukocytes to sites of vascular injury. Thromb Haemost 2017; 113:1224-35. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-08-0662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SummaryLeukocytes recruitment to thrombi supports an intimate cellular interaction leading to the enhancement of pro-coagulant functions and pro-inflammatory responses at site of vascular injury. Recent observations of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation and its mutual reactions with platelet thrombi adds more clinical interest to the growing body of knowledge in the field of platelet-leukocyte crosstalk. However, having considered thrombus as a barrier between leukocytes and injured endothelium, the full inflammatory roles of these cells during thrombosis is still ill defined. The most recent observation of neutrophils migration into the thrombi is a phenomenon that highlights the inflammatory functions of leukocytes at the site of injury. It has been hypothesised that leukocytes migration might be associated with the conveyance of highly reactive pro-inflammatory and/or procoagulant mediators to sites of vascular injury. In addition, the evidence of neutrophils migration into arterial thrombi following traumatic and ischaemia-reperfusion injury highlights the already described role of these cells in atherosclerosis. Regardless of the mechanisms behind leukocyte migration, whether these migrated cells benefit normal homeostasis by their involvement in wound healing and vascular rebuilding or they increase unwilling inflammatory responses, could be of interest for future researches that provide new insight into biological importance of leukocyte recruitment to thrombi.
Collapse
|
44
|
Gorog DA, Fayad ZA, Fuster V. Arterial Thrombus Stability. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70:2036-2047. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
45
|
Force-activatable biosensor enables single platelet force mapping directly by fluorescence imaging. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 100:192-200. [PMID: 28915383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Integrin-transmitted cellular forces are critical for platelet adhesion, activation, aggregation and contraction during hemostasis and thrombosis. Measuring and mapping single platelet forces are desired in both research and clinical applications. Conventional force-to-strain based cell traction force microscopies have low resolution which is not ideal for cellular force mapping in small platelets. To enable platelet force mapping with submicron resolution, we developed a force-activatable biosensor named integrative tension sensor (ITS) which directly converts molecular tensions to fluorescent signals, therefore enabling cellular force mapping directly by fluorescence imaging. With ITS, we mapped cellular forces in single platelets at 0.4µm resolution. We found that platelet force distribution has strong polarization which is sensitive to treatment with the anti-platelet drug tirofiban, suggesting that the ITS force map can report anti-platelet drug efficacy. The ITS also calibrated integrin molecular tensions in platelets and revealed two distinct tension levels: 12-54 piconewton (nominal values) tensions generated during platelet adhesion and tensions above 54 piconewton generated during platelet contraction. Overall, the ITS is a powerful biosensor for the study of platelet mechanobiology, and holds great potential in antithrombotic drug development and assessing platelet activity in health and disease.
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhai K, Zheng J, Tang Y, Li F, Lv Y, Zhang Y, Gao Z, Qi J, Yu B, Kou J. The saponin D39 blocks dissociation of non-muscular myosin heavy chain IIA from TNF receptor 2, suppressing tissue factor expression and venous thrombosis. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:2818-2831. [PMID: 28547925 PMCID: PMC5554322 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Non-muscular myosin heavy chain IIA (NMMHC IIA) plays a key role in tissue factor expression and venous thrombosis. Natural products might inhibit thrombosis through effects on NMMHC IIA. Here, we have shown that a natural saponin, D39, from Liriope muscari exerted anti-thrombotic activity in vivo, by targeting NMMHC IIA. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Expression and activity of tissue factor in endothelial cells were analysed in vitro by Western blot and simplified chromogenic assays. Interactions between D39 and NMMHC IIA were assessed by serial affinity chromatography and molecular docking analysis. D39-dependent interactions between NMMHC IIA and TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) were measured by immunofluorescence, co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays. Anti-thrombotic activity of D39 in vivo was evaluated with a model of inferior vena cava ligation injury in mice. KEY RESULTS D39 inhibited tissue factor expression and procoagulant activities in HUVECs and decreased thrombus weight in inferior vena cava-ligated mice dose-dependently. Serial affinity chromatography and molecular docking analysis suggested that D39 bound to NMMHC IIA. In HEK293T cells, D39 inhibited tissue factor expression evoked by NMMHC IIA overexpression. This effect was blocked by NMMHC IIA knockdown in HUVECs. D39 inhibited dissociation of NMMHC IIA from TNFR2, which subsequently modulated the Akt/GSK3β-NF-κB signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS D39 inhibited tissue factor expression and thrombus formation by modulating the Akt/GSK3β and NF-κB signalling pathways through NMMHC IIA. We identified a new natural product that targeted NMMHC IIA, as a potential treatment for thrombotic disorders and other vasculopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke‐feng Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biological and Food EngineeringSuzhou UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jin‐rong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - You‐mei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yan‐ni Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuan‐yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Medicine‐Ather&LipoBaylor Colledge of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Jin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bo‐yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun‐ping Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCMChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Budnik I, Shenkman B, Hauschner H, Zilinsky I, Savion N. Role of heterotrimeric G proteins in platelet activation and clot formation in platelets treated with integrin αIIbβ3 inhibitor. Platelets 2017; 29:265-269. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1295136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Budnik
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Shenkman
- National Hemophilia Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Hagit Hauschner
- Amalia Biron Research Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Isaac Zilinsky
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Naphtali Savion
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tomasiak-Lozowska MM, Misztal T, Rusak T, Branska-Januszewska J, Bodzenta-Lukaszyk A, Tomasiak M. Asthma is associated with reduced fibrinolytic activity, abnormal clot architecture, and decreased clot retraction rate. Allergy 2017; 72:314-319. [PMID: 27659252 DOI: 10.1111/all.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether steroid-naïve asthma modulates hemostasis. We evaluated the clot retraction rate (CRR), fibrinolysis rate (FR), clot density (CD) (by confocal microscopy), plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), and factor XIII (FXIII), NO in exhaled breath (FENO ), spirometry (FEV1 ) and eosinophil count (EOS) in 36 patients with allergic, steroid-naïve asthma and in 34 healthy controls. We observed significantly (P < 0.001) reduced CRR, FR, and FEV1 and increased FENO , EOS, PAI-1, FXIII, and CD in patients with asthma compared with controls. In patients with asthma, FR negatively correlated with CD, FXIII, PAI-1, FENO , and EOS and positively with FEV1 . FXIII positively correlated with CD. Clot retraction rate negatively correlated with FENO and positively with FEV1 (all P < 0.001). These novel findings suggest that asthma itself is associated with decreased CRR and reduced fibrinolytic potential resulting from alterations in clot architecture and elevated levels of plasma FXIII and PAI-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Tomasiak-Lozowska
- Department of Allergy and Internal Diseases; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - T. Misztal
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - T. Rusak
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - J. Branska-Januszewska
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - A. Bodzenta-Lukaszyk
- Department of Allergy and Internal Diseases; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| | - M. Tomasiak
- Department of Allergy and Internal Diseases; Medical University of Bialystok; Bialystok Poland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cuker A, Husseinzadeh H, Lebedeva T, Marturano JE, Massefski W, Lowery TJ, Lambert MP, Abrams CS, Weisel JW, Cines DB. Rapid Evaluation of Platelet Function With T2 Magnetic Resonance. Am J Clin Pathol 2016; 146:681-693. [PMID: 28028118 PMCID: PMC5225753 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqw189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The clinical diagnosis of qualitative platelet disorders (QPDs) based on light transmission aggregometry (LTA) requires significant blood volume, time, and expertise, all of which can be barriers to utilization in some populations and settings. Our objective was to develop a more rapid assay of platelet function by measuring platelet-mediated clot contraction in small volumes (35 µL) of whole blood using T2 magnetic resonance (T2MR). Methods: We established normal ranges for platelet-mediated clot contraction using T2MR, used these ranges to study patients with known platelet dysfunction, and then evaluated agreement between T2MR and LTA with arachidonic acid, adenosine diphosphate, epinephrine, and thrombin receptor activator peptide. Results: Blood from 21 healthy donors was studied. T2MR showed 100% agreement with LTA with each of the four agonists and their cognate inhibitors tested. T2MR successfully detected abnormalities in each of seven patients with known QPDs, with the exception of one patient with a novel mutation leading to Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. T2MR appeared to detect platelet function at similar or lower platelet counts than LTA. Conclusions: T2MR may provide a clinically useful approach to diagnose QPDs using small volumes of whole blood, while also providing new insight into platelet biology not evident using plasma-based platelet aggregation tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cuker
- From the Departments of Medicine
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michele P Lambert
- Hematology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Charles S Abrams
- From the Departments of Medicine
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - John W Weisel
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Douglas B Cines
- From the Departments of Medicine
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tomasiak-Lozowska MM, Rusak T, Misztal T, Bodzenta-Lukaszyk A, Tomasiak M. Reduced clot retraction rate and altered platelet energy production in patients with asthma. J Asthma 2016; 53:589-98. [PMID: 27145190 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2015.1130151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma enhances the risk of pulmonary embolism. The mechanism of this phenomenon is unclear. METHODS We evaluated the kinetics of clot formation, clot retraction rate (CRR), clot volume at 40 min, the rate of lactate production (a marker of aerobic glycolysis in platelets in contracting clots), blood eosinophil count (EOS), nitric oxide in exhaled breath (FENO), and spirometry (FEV1) in 50 healthy controls and in 81 allergic asthmatics (41 subjects with steroid-naïve asthma and 40 with steroid-treated asthma). RESULTS Thromboelastometry revealed that only steroid-treated asthmatics had slightly activated coagulation. Compared with healthy controls, whole asthmatics demonstrated (p < 0.05) reduced CRR, higher clot volume at 40 minutes, higher FENO, decreased FEV1, elevated EOS, and augmented lactate production in retracting clots. Reduced CRR was observed also in the absence of native plasma. In whole study population (asthmatics and healthy controls), CRR positively correlated with spirometry (rS = 0.668, p = <0.001) and negatively with FENO (rS = -0.543; p < 0.001), EOS (rS = -0.367, p < 0.002), and lactate production (rS = -0.791; p < 0.001). However, in steroid-treated asthmatics, the CRR did not correlate with FENO and EOS. In all study patients lactate production negatively correlated with FEV1 and positively with FENO. CONCLUSION Collectively, this data is consistent with the hypothesis that, in asthmatics, reactive nitrogen species produced in the lungs may reduce platelet contractility (and CRR) through the diminution of platelet energy production. CRR inhibition would predispose asthmatics to pulmonary embolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomasz Rusak
- b Department of Physical Chemistry , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Tomasz Misztal
- b Department of Physical Chemistry , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Anna Bodzenta-Lukaszyk
- a Department of Allergology and Internal Diseases , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Marian Tomasiak
- b Department of Physical Chemistry , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| |
Collapse
|