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Scavone M, Ghali C, Calogiuri M, Sala M, Bossi E, Mencarini T, Bozzi S, Clerici B, Birocchi S, Fioretti A, Bono V, Maugeri N, Marchetti G, Cattaneo M, Podda GM. Impairment of platelet function in both mild and severe COVID-19 patients. Br J Haematol 2023; 203:656-667. [PMID: 37615207 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Abnormalities of platelet function were reported in patients with severe COVID-19 (severe-C), but few data are available in patients with mild COVID-19 (mild-C) and after COVID-19 recovery. The aim of this study was to investigate platelet parameters in mild-C patients (n = 51), with no evidence of pneumonia, and severe-C patients (n = 49), during the acute phase and after recovery, compared to 43 healthy controls. Both mild-C and severe-C patients displayed increased circulating activated platelets, low δ-granule content (ADP, serotonin), impaired platelet activation by collagen (light transmission aggregometry) and impaired platelet thrombus formation on collagen-coated surfaces under controlled flow conditions (300/s shear rate). The observed abnormalities were more marked in severe-C patients than in mild-C patients. Overall, 61% (30/49) of mild-C and 73% (33/45) of severe-C patients displayed at least one abnormal platelet parameter. In a subgroup of just 13 patients who showed no persisting signs/symptoms of COVID-19 and were re-evaluated at least 1 month after recovery, 11 of the 13 subjects exhibited normalization of platelet parameters. In conclusion, mild abnormalities of platelet parameters were present not only in severe-C but also, albeit to a lesser extent, in mild-C patients during the acute phase of COVID-19 and normalized in most tested patients after clinical recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Scavone
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Ghali
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Calogiuri
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Sala
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Bossi
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatiana Mencarini
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bozzi
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bianca Clerici
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Birocchi
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Fioretti
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Bono
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Norma Maugeri
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Marchetti
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Department of Health Sciences, Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cattaneo
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Podda
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Ye Y, Yang L, Leng M, Wang Q, Wu J, Wan W, Wang H, Li L, Peng Y, Chai S, Meng Z. Luteolin inhibits GPVI-mediated platelet activation, oxidative stress, and thrombosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1255069. [PMID: 38026984 PMCID: PMC10644720 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1255069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Luteolin inhibits platelet activation and thrombus formation, but the mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the effects of luteolin on GPVI-mediated platelet activation in vitro and explored the effect of luteolin on thrombosis, coagulation, and platelet production in vivo. Methods: Washed human platelets were used for aggregation, membrane protein expression, ATP, Ca2+, and LDH release, platelet adhesion/spreading, and clot retraction experiments. Washed human platelets were used to detect collagen and convulxin-induced reactive oxygen species production and endogenous antioxidant effects. C57BL/6 male mice were used for ferric chloride-induced mesenteric thrombosis, collagen-epinephrine induced acute pulmonary embolism, tail bleeding, coagulation function, and luteolin toxicity experiments. The interaction between luteolin and GPVI was analyzed using solid phase binding assay and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Results: Luteolin inhibited collagen- and convulxin-mediated platelet aggregation, adhesion, and release. Luteolin inhibited collagen- and convulxin-induced platelet ROS production and increased platelet endogenous antioxidant capacity. Luteolin reduced convulxin-induced activation of ITAM and MAPK signaling molecules. Molecular docking simulation showed that luteolin forms hydrogen bonds with GPVI. The solid phase binding assay showed that luteolin inhibited the interaction between collagen and GPVI. Surface plasmon resonance showed that luteolin bonded GPVI. Luteolin inhibited integrin αIIbβ3-mediated platelet activation. Luteolin inhibited mesenteric artery thrombosis and collagen- adrenergic-induced pulmonary thrombosis in mice. Luteolin decreased oxidative stress in vivo. Luteolin did not affect coagulation, hemostasis, or platelet production in mice. Discussion: Luteolin may be an effective and safe antiplatelet agent target for GPVI. A new mechanism (decreased oxidative stress) for the anti-platelet activity of luteolin has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhaohui Meng
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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3
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Wang C, Chen M, Lu X, Yang S, Yang M, Fang Y, Lai R, Duan Z. Isolation and Characterization of Poeciguamerin, a Peptide with Dual Analgesic and Anti-Thrombotic Activity from the Poecilobdella manillensis Leech. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11097. [PMID: 37446275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
When Poecilobdella manillensis attacks its prey, the prey bleeds profusely but feels little pain. We and other research teams have identified several anticoagulant molecules in the saliva of P. manillensis, but the substance that produces the paralyzing effect in P. manillensis is not known. In this study, we successfully isolated, purified, and identified a serine protease inhibitor containing an antistasin-like domain from the salivary secretions of P. manillensis. This peptide (named poeciguamerin) significantly inhibited elastase activity and slightly inhibited FXIIa and kallikrein activity, but had no effect on FXa, trypsin, or thrombin activity. Furthermore, poeciguamerin exhibited analgesic activity in the foot-licking and tail-withdrawal mouse models and anticoagulant activity in the FeCl3-induced carotid artery thrombosis mouse model. In this study, poeciguamerin was found to be a promising elastase inhibitor with potent analgesic and antithrombotic activity for the inhibition of pain and thrombosis after surgery or in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengrou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaqun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Ren Lai
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center/National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650107, China
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Zilei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province/National & Local Joint Engineering Center of Natural Bioactive Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
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Li L, Xu X, Lv K, Zheng G, Wang H, Chen S, Huang L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Zhang L, Wang J, Qiao J, Li H, Wang X, Yao G, Fang C. Asebogenin suppresses thrombus formation via inhibition of Syk phosphorylation. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:287-307. [PMID: 36166754 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Platelet activation by exposed collagen through glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are critical pathogenic factors for arterial and venous thrombosis. Both events are regulated by spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)-mediated signalling events. Asebogenin is a dihydrochalcone whose pharmacological effects remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the antithrombotic effects of asebogenin and the underlying molecular mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Platelet aggregation was assessed using an aggregometer. Platelet P-selectin exposure, integrin activation and calcium mobilization were determined by flow cytometry. NETs formation was assessed by SYTOX Green staining and immunohistochemistry. Quantitative phosphoproteomics, microscale thermophoresis, in vitro kinase assay and molecular docking combined with dynamics simulation were performed to characterize the targets of asebogenin. The in vivo effects of asebogenin on arterial thrombosis were investigated using FeCl3 -induced and laser-induced injury models, whereas those of venous thrombosis were induced by stenosis of the inferior vena cava. KEY RESULTS Asebogenin inhibited a series of GPVI-induced platelet responses and suppressed NETs formation induced by proinflammatory stimuli. Mechanistically, asebogenin directly interfered with the phosphorylation of Syk at Tyr525/526, which is important for its activation. Further, asebogenin suppressed arterial thrombosis demonstrated by decreased platelet accumulation and fibrin generation and attenuated venous thrombosis determined by reduced neutrophil accumulation and NETs formation, without increasing bleeding risk. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Asebogenin exhibits potent antithrombotic effects by targeting Syk and is a potential lead compound for the development of efficient and safe antithrombotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xulin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Keyu Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guijuan Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lang Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Liu
- DeepKinase Biotechnologies Ltd., Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhaoming Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Biomedical Research Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Biomedical Research Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Guangmin Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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5
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Yamashita A, Asada Y. Underlying mechanisms of thrombus formation/growth in atherothrombosis and deep vein thrombosis. Pathol Int 2023; 73:65-80. [PMID: 36598039 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Thrombosis remains a leading cause of death worldwide despite technological advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The traditional view of arterial thrombus formation is that it is a platelet-dependent process, whereas that of venous thrombus formation is a coagulation-dependent process. Current pathological and basic studies on atherothrombosis and venous thrombosis have revealed the diverse participation of platelet and coagulation activation mechanisms in both thrombus initiation and growth processes during clinical thrombotic events. Atherosclerotic plaque cell-derived tissue factor contributes to fibrin formation and platelet aggregation. The degree of plaque disruption and a blood flow alteration promote atherothrombotic occlusion. While blood stasis/turbulent flow due to luminal stenosis itself initiates venous thrombus formation. The coagulation factor XI-driven propagation phase of blood coagulation plays a major role in venous thrombus growth, but a minor role in hemostasis. These lines of evidence indicate that atherothrombosis onset is affected by the thrombogenic potential of atherosclerotic plaques, the plaque disruption size, and an alteration in blood flow. Upon onset of venous thrombosis, enhancement of the propagation phase of blood coagulation under blood stasis and a hypercoagulable state contribute to large thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Yamashita
- Pathophysiology Section, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yujiro Asada
- Pathophysiology Section, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
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Pokrovskaya ID, Rhee SW, Ball KK, Kamykowski JA, Zhao OS, Cruz DRD, Cohen J, Aronova MA, Leapman RD, Storrie B. Tethered platelet capture provides a mechanism for restricting circulating platelet activation to the wound site. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100058. [PMID: 36865905 PMCID: PMC9971284 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Puncture wounding is a longstanding challenge to human health for which understanding is limited, in part, by a lack of detailed morphological data on how the circulating platelet capture to the vessel matrix leads to sustained, self-limiting platelet accumulation. Objectives The objective of this study was to produce a paradigm for self-limiting thrombus growth in a mouse jugular vein model. Methods Data mining of advanced electron microscopy images was performed from authors' laboratories. Results Wide-area transmission electron mcrographs revealed initial platelet capture to the exposed adventitia resulted in localized patches of degranulated, procoagulant-like platelets. Platelet activation to a procoagulant state was sensitive to dabigatran, a direct-acting PAR receptor inhibitor, but not to cangrelor, a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor. Subsequent thrombus growth was sensitive to both cangrelor and dabigatran and sustained by the capture of discoid platelet strings first to collagen-anchored platelets and later to loosely adherent peripheral platelets. Spatial examination indicated that staged platelet activation resulted in a discoid platelet tethering zone that was pushed progressively outward as platelets converted from one activation state to another. As thrombus growth slowed, discoid platelet recruitment became rare and loosely adherent intravascular platelets failed to convert to tightly adherent platelets. Conclusions In summary, the data support a model that we term Capture and Activate, in which the initial high platelet activation is directly linked to the exposed adventitia, all subsequent tethering of discoid platelets is to loosely adherent platelets that convert to tightly adherent platelets, and self-limiting, intravascular platelet activation over time is the result of decreased signaling intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina D Pokrovskaya
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Sung W Rhee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Kelly K Ball
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Kamykowski
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Oliver S Zhao
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Denzel R D Cruz
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua Cohen
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria A Aronova
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard D Leapman
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian Storrie
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Qureshi A, Lip GYH, Nordsletten DA, Williams SE, Aslanidi O, de Vecchi A. Imaging and biophysical modelling of thrombogenic mechanisms in atrial fibrillation and stroke. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1074562. [PMID: 36733827 PMCID: PMC9887999 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1074562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) underlies almost one third of all ischaemic strokes, with the left atrial appendage (LAA) identified as the primary thromboembolic source. Current stroke risk stratification approaches, such as the CHA2DS2-VASc score, rely mostly on clinical comorbidities, rather than thrombogenic mechanisms such as blood stasis, hypercoagulability and endothelial dysfunction-known as Virchow's triad. While detection of AF-related thrombi is possible using established cardiac imaging techniques, such as transoesophageal echocardiography, there is a growing need to reliably assess AF-patient thrombogenicity prior to thrombus formation. Over the past decade, cardiac imaging and image-based biophysical modelling have emerged as powerful tools for reproducing the mechanisms of thrombogenesis. Clinical imaging modalities such as cardiac computed tomography, magnetic resonance and echocardiographic techniques can measure blood flow velocities and identify LA fibrosis (an indicator of endothelial dysfunction), but imaging remains limited in its ability to assess blood coagulation dynamics. In-silico cardiac modelling tools-such as computational fluid dynamics for blood flow, reaction-diffusion-convection equations to mimic the coagulation cascade, and surrogate flow metrics associated with endothelial damage-have grown in prevalence and advanced mechanistic understanding of thrombogenesis. However, neither technique alone can fully elucidate thrombogenicity in AF. In future, combining cardiac imaging with in-silico modelling and integrating machine learning approaches for rapid results directly from imaging data will require development under a rigorous framework of verification and clinical validation, but may pave the way towards enhanced personalised stroke risk stratification in the growing population of AF patients. This Review will focus on the significant progress in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Qureshi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Ahmed Qureshi,
| | - Gregory Y. H. Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Nordsletten
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom,Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Steven E. Williams
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom,Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Oleg Aslanidi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adelaide de Vecchi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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8
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De Simone I, Baaten CCFMJ, Gibbins JM, Ten Cate H, Heemskerk JWM, Jones CI, van der Meijden PEJ. Repeated platelet activation and the potential of previously activated platelets to contribute to thrombus formation. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:1289-1306. [PMID: 36754678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Especially in disease conditions, platelets can encounter activating agents in circulation. OBJECTIVES To investigate the extent to which previously activated platelets can be reactivated and whether in-and reactivation applies to different aspects of platelet activation and thrombus formation. METHODS Short-and long-term effects of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) stimulation on platelet activation and aggregation potential were compared via flow cytometry and plate-based aggregation. Using fluorescence and electron microscopy, we assessed platelet morphology and content, as well as thrombus formation. RESULTS After 30 minutes of stimulation with thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 (TRAP6) or adenosine diphosphate (ADP), platelets secondarily decreased in PAC-1 binding and were less able to aggregate. The reversibility of platelets after thrombin stimulation was concentration dependent. Reactivation was possible via another receptor. In contrast, cross-linked collagen-related peptide (CRP-XL) or high thrombin stimulation evoked persistent effects in αIIbβ3 activation and platelet aggregation. However, after 60 minutes of CRP-XL or high thrombin stimulation, when αIIbβ3 activation slightly decreased, restimulation with ADP or CRP-XL, respectively, increased integrin activation again. Compatible with decreased integrin activation, platelet morphology was reversed. Interestingly, reactivation of reversed platelets again resulted in shape change and if not fully degranulated, additional secretion. Moreover, platelets that were previously activated with TRAP6 or ADP regained their potential to contribute to thrombus formation under flow. On the contrary, prior platelet triggering with CRP-XL was accompanied by prolonged platelet activity, leading to a decreased secondary platelet adhesion under flow. CONCLUSION This work emphasizes that prior platelet activation can be reversed, whereafter platelets can be reactivated through a different receptor. Reversed, previously activated platelets can contribute to thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria De Simone
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Constance C F M J Baaten
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Chris I Jones
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Paola E J van der Meijden
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Thrombosis Expertise Center, Heart and Vascular Center, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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9
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An R, Gurkan UA. Emerging functional microfluidic assays for the study of thromboinflammation in sickle cell disease. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:327-334. [PMID: 35916533 PMCID: PMC10440906 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review briefly summarizes the significant impact of thromboinflammation in sickle cell disease in relation to recent advances in biomarkers that are used in functional microfluidic assays. RECENT FINDINGS Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobinopathy that affects 100 000 Americans and millions worldwide. Patients with SCD exhibit chronic haemolysis, chronic inflammation and thrombosis, and vaso-occlusion, triggering various clinical complications, including organ damage and increased mortality and morbidity. Recent advances in functional microfluidic assays provide direct biomarkers of disease, including abnormal white blood cell and red blood cell adhesion, cell aggregation, endothelial degradation and contraction, and thrombus formation. SUMMARY Novel and emerging functional microfluidic assays are a promising and feasible strategy to comprehensively characterize thromboinflammatory reactions in SCD, which can be used for personalized risk assessment and tailored therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Umut A. Gurkan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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10
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Huang J, Jooss NJ, Fernández DI, Sickmann A, García Á, Wichapong K, Dijkgraaf I, Heemskerk JWM. Roles of Focal Adhesion Kinase PTK2 and Integrin αIIbβ3 Signaling in Collagen- and GPVI-Dependent Thrombus Formation under Shear. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 35955827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoprotein (GP)VI and integrin αIIbβ3 are key signaling receptors in collagen-dependent platelet aggregation and in arterial thrombus formation under shear. The multiple downstream signaling pathways are still poorly understood. Here, we focused on disclosing the integrin-dependent roles of focal adhesion kinase (protein tyrosine kinase 2, PTK2), the shear-dependent collagen receptor GPR56 (ADGRG1 gene), and calcium and integrin-binding protein 1 (CIB1). We designed and synthetized peptides that interfered with integrin αIIb binding (pCIB and pCIBm) or mimicked the activation of GPR56 (pGRP). The results show that the combination of pGRP with PTK2 inhibition or of pGRP with pCIB > pCIBm in additive ways suppressed collagen- and GPVI-dependent platelet activation, thrombus buildup, and contraction. Microscopic thrombus formation was assessed by eight parameters (with script descriptions enclosed). The suppressive rather than activating effects of pGRP were confined to blood flow at a high shear rate. Blockage of PTK2 or interference of CIB1 no more than slightly affected thrombus formation at a low shear rate. Peptides did not influence GPVI-induced aggregation and Ca2+ signaling in the absence of shear. Together, these data reveal a shear-dependent signaling axis of PTK2, integrin αIIbβ3, and CIB1 in collagen- and GPVI-dependent thrombus formation, which is modulated by GPR56 and exclusively at high shear. This work thereby supports the role of PTK2 in integrin αIIbβ3 activation and signaling.
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11
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Metz LM, Elvers M. Pannexin-1 Activation by Phosphorylation Is Crucial for Platelet Aggregation and Thrombus Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5059. [PMID: 35563450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pannexin-1 (PANX1) is a transmembrane protein that forms ion channels as hexamers on the plasma membrane. Electrophysiological studies prove that PANX1 has a high conductance for adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which plays an important role as a signal molecule in platelet activation. Recently, it was shown that PANX1 channels modulate platelet functions. To date, it remains unclear how PANX1 channels are activated and which signaling mechanisms are responsible for impaired hemostasis and thrombosis. Analysis of PANX1 phosphorylation at Tyr198 and Tyr308, and the impact on platelet activation and thrombus formation using genetically modified platelets or pharmacological inhibitors. Platelet activation via immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) coupled, G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCR) and thromboxane receptor (TP)-mediated signaling pathways led to increased PANX1 phosphorylation at Tyr198 and Tyr308. We identified the Src-GPVI signaling axes as the main pathway inducing PANX1 activation, while PKC and Akt play a minor role. PANX1 channels function as ATP release channels in platelets to support arterial thrombus formation. PANX1 activation is regulated by phosphorylation at Tyr198 and Tyr308 following platelet activation. These results suggest an important role of PANX1 in hemostasis and thrombosis by releasing extracellular ATP to support thrombus formation.
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12
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Yaoi H, Shida Y, Ogiwara K, Kitazawa T, Shima M, Nogami K. Emicizumab enhances thrombus formation in vitro under high shear flow conditions in whole blood from patients with type 1 and type 3 von Willebrand disease. Haemophilia 2022; 28:694-701. [PMID: 35478475 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 1 and type 3 von Willebrand disease (VWD) are caused by partial and complete, quantitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF), respectively, and factor (F)VIII/VWF complex concentrates are used for haemostatic treatment. Emicizumab, mimics activated FVIII, reduces bleeding in haemophilia A patients. The effects of emicizumab on haemostasis in both types of VWD remain to be fully established, however. AIM To examine the effects of emicizumab on thrombogenesis in type 1 and type 3 VWD. PATIENTS/METHODS Perfusion chamber experiments under high shear conditions (2500 s-1 ) combined with immunostaining were performed using whole blood samples from patients with type 1 (VWF:Ag 25 U/dl) and type 3 VWD (<1.0 U/dl). RESULTS The addition of FVIII (1 U/ml) to type 1 blood did not affect thrombus formation, whilst supplementation with VWF (1.6 U/ml) or FVIII/VWF (1 U/ml/1.6 U/ml) enhanced thrombogenesis to a similar extent. FVIII/VWF promoted thrombus formation significantly more than VWF alone, however, in type 3 blood. Emicizumab (100 μg/ml) augmented thrombus formation in type 3 blood compared to FVIII, and this potency seemed to be somewhat greater than that of VWF. Surface coverage of formed thrombus in type 3 VWD was less than that in type 1 VWD, but thrombus height was comparable in both. The addition of emicizumab to type 3 blood enhanced thrombin generation and fibrin formation compared to control IgG. CONCLUSION Emicizumab promoted mechanisms of thrombus formation in vitro in type 3 and type 1 VWD, suggesting the possibility of alternative therapeutic protocols in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Yaoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Shida
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ogiwara
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takehisa Kitazawa
- Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Gotemba, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Midori Shima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.,Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Center, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | - Keiji Nogami
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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13
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Michno A, Grużewska K, Ronowska A, Gul-Hinc S, Zyśk M, Jankowska-Kulawy A. Resveratrol Inhibits Metabolism and Affects Blood Platelet Function in Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 14:1633. [PMID: 35458194 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia contributes to vascular complications in diabetes. Resveratrol exerts anti-diabetic and anti-platelet action. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on metabolism and the function of blood platelets under static and in in vitro flow conditions in patients with type 2 diabetes. Blood obtained from 8 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with type 2 diabetes was incubated with resveratrol and perfused over collagen-coated capillaries. Isolated blood platelets were incubated with resveratrol and activated by collagen to assess platelet function, metabolism, ATP release, TXA2 production, lipid peroxidation, and gluthatione content. In the type 2 diabetes group, plasma glucose and fructosamine concentrations were significantly higher than in the healthy group. In in vitro studies, collagen-induced thrombi formation in the blood of diabetic patients was 33% higher than in the healthy group. Resveratrol reduced thrombi by over 50% in the blood of healthy and diabetic patients. TXA2 production was 47% higher in diabetic platelets than in the healthy group. Resveratrol reduced TXA2 release by 38% in healthy platelets and by 79% in diabetic platelets. Resveratrol also reduced the activities of enzymes responsible for glycolysis and oxidative metabolism in the platelets of both groups. These data indicate that the resveratrol-induced inhibition of platelet metabolism and TXA2 release may lead to a reduction of platelet function and thrombus formation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, resveratrol may be beneficial to prevent vascular complications as a future complementary treatment in aspirin-resistant diabetic patients.
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14
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Zhang C, Li X, Li H, Xie M. Abrupt formation of intracardiac thrombus during patent foramen ovale closure by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. Echocardiography 2022; 39:643-644. [PMID: 35238060 DOI: 10.1111/echo.15326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a rare case of abrupt formation of intracardiac thrombus during patent foramen ovale closure by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. This case highlights transesophageal echocardiography allows timely detection and management of intracardiac thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunquan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingxing Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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15
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Hoermann H, Krueger I, Maurus N, Reusswig F, Sun Y, Kohlmorgen C, Grandoch M, Fischer JW, Elvers M. The Proteoglycan Biglycan Modulates Platelet Adhesion and Thrombus Formation in a GPVI-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12168. [PMID: 34830059 PMCID: PMC8622445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular injury induces the exposure of subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM) important to serve as substrate for platelets to adhere to the injured vessel wall to avoid massive blood loss. Different ECM proteins are known to initiate platelet adhesion and activation. In atherosclerotic mice, the small, leucine-rich proteoglycan biglycan is important for the regulation of thrombin activity via heparin cofactor II. However, nothing is known about the role of biglycan for hemostasis and thrombosis under nonatherosclerotic conditions. METHODS The role of biglycan for platelet adhesion and thrombus formation was investigated using a recombinant protein and biglycan knockout mice. RESULTS The present study identified biglycan as important ECM protein for the adhesion and activation of platelets, and the formation of three-dimensional thrombi under flow conditions. Platelet adhesion to immobilized biglycan induces the reorganization of the platelet cytoskeleton. Mechanistically, biglycan binds and activates the major collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP)VI, because reduced platelet adhesion to recombinant biglycan was observed when GPVI was blocked and enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation in a GPVI-dependent manner was observed when platelets were stimulated with biglycan. In vivo, the deficiency of biglycan resulted in reduced platelet adhesion to the injured carotid artery and prolonged bleeding times. CONCLUSIONS Loss of biglycan in the vessel wall of mice but not in platelets led to reduced platelet adhesion at the injured carotid artery and prolonged bleeding times, suggesting a crucial role for biglycan as ECM protein that binds and activates platelets via GPVI upon vessel injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Hoermann
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.H.); (I.K.); (N.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Irena Krueger
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.H.); (I.K.); (N.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Nadine Maurus
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.H.); (I.K.); (N.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Friedrich Reusswig
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.H.); (I.K.); (N.M.); (F.R.)
| | - Yi Sun
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Christina Kohlmorgen
- Institute for Pharmacology und Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.K.); (M.G.); (J.W.F.)
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Institute for Pharmacology und Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.K.); (M.G.); (J.W.F.)
| | - Jens W. Fischer
- Institute for Pharmacology und Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (C.K.); (M.G.); (J.W.F.)
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Experimental Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (H.H.); (I.K.); (N.M.); (F.R.)
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16
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Wang C, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Jin H, Zuo Z, Wang A, Huang J, Jiang J, Kong W. Berberine and Its Main Metabolite Berberrubine Inhibit Platelet Activation Through Suppressing the Class I PI3Kβ/Rasa3/Rap1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:734603. [PMID: 34690771 PMCID: PMC8531212 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.734603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Berberine (BBR), a natural product, was reported to inhibit platelet aggregation; however, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of BBR in inhibiting platelet activation and thrombus formation. Methods: Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and Western blot were used to determine the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of BBR and its main metabolite berberrubine (M2) on platelet activation in vitro and ex vivo. Purified integrin αIIbβ3, class I PI3K kit, and molecular docking were used to identify the possible targets of BBR and M2. A carrageenan-induced mouse thrombosis model was used to evaluate the effects of BBR on thrombus formation in vivo. Results: In vitro, BBR and M2 significantly inhibited ADP-induced integrin αIIbβ3 activation, reduced the level of P-selectin on the platelet membrane, and suppressed the binding of fibrinogen to the platelets. In this process, BBR and M2 greatly suppressed the PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibited Rasa3 membrane translocation and Rap1 activation. Furthermore, BBR and M2 selectively inhibited class I PI3Kβ, perhaps through binding to its active site. The activities of BBR were stronger than those of M2. After oral administration, BBR significantly inhibited the PI3K/Akt pathway and Rap1 activation and suppressed ADP-induced platelet activation and carrageenan-induced thrombosis in mice without prolonging bleeding time. Conclusions: We reveal for the first time the possible targets and mechanisms of BBR and M2 in inhibiting platelet activation. Our research may support the future clinical application of BBR as an antiplatelet drug in the prevention or treatment of thrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- Department of Virology and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhui Zhang
- Department of Virology and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongtao Jin
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zengyan Zuo
- Department of Virology and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- New Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmei Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Virology and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Virology and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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17
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Tullemans BME, Veninga A, Fernandez DI, Aarts MJB, Eble JA, van der Meijden PEJ, Heemskerk JWM, Kuijpers MJE. Multiparameter Evaluation of the Platelet-Inhibitory Effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Used for Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11199. [PMID: 34681859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Current antiplatelet drugs for the treatment of arterial thrombosis often coincide with increased bleeding risk. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for cancer treatment inhibit platelet function, with minor reported bleeding symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare the antiplatelet properties of eight TKIs to explore their possible repurposing as antiplatelet drugs. Samples of whole blood, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), or isolated platelets from healthy donors were treated with TKI or the vehicle. Measurements of platelet aggregation, activation, intracellular calcium mobilization, and whole-blood thrombus formation under flow were performed. Dasatinib and sunitinib dose-dependently reduced collagen-induced aggregation in PRP and washed platelets; pazopanib, cabozantinib, and vatalanib inhibited this response in washed platelets only; and fostamatinib, axitinib, and lapatinib showed no/limited effects. Fostamatinib reduced thrombus formation by approximately 50% on collagen and other substrates. Pazopanib, sunitinib, dasatinib, axitinib, and vatalanib mildly reduced thrombus formation on collagen by 10–50%. Intracellular calcium responses in isolated platelets were inhibited by dasatinib (>90%), fostamatinib (57%), sunitinib (77%), and pazopanib (82%). Upon glycoprotein-VI receptor stimulation, fostamatinib, cabozantinib, and vatalanib decreased highly activated platelet populations by approximately 15%, while increasing resting populations by 39%. In conclusion, the TKIs with the highest affinities for platelet-expressed molecular targets most strongly inhibited platelet functions. Dasatinib, fostamatinib, sunitinib, and pazopanib interfered in early collagen receptor-induced molecular-signaling compared with cabozantinib and vatalanib. Fostamatinib, sunitinib, pazopanib, and vatalanib may be promising for future evaluation as antiplatelet drugs.
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18
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Bravo PLW, Jin H, Park H, Kim MS, Matsui H, Lee H, Suh JW. Antithrombotic Effect of the Ethanol Extract of Angelica gigas Nakai (AGE 232). Life (Basel) 2021; 11:939. [PMID: 34575088 PMCID: PMC8465650 DOI: 10.3390/life11090939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, are the most common causes of death in developed countries. Ischemic stroke accounts for 85% of the total cases and is caused by abnormal thrombus formation in the vessels, causing deficient blood and oxygen supply to the brain. Prophylactic treatments include the prevention of thrombus formation, of which the most used is acetylsalicylic acid (ASA); however, it is associated with a high incidence of side effects. Angelica gigas Nakai (AG) is a natural herb used to improve blood circulation via anti-platelet aggregation, one of the key processes involved in thrombus formation. We examined the antithrombotic effects of AGE 232, the ethanol extract of A. gigas Nakai. AGE 232 showed a significant reduction in death or paralysis in mice caused by collagen/epinephrine-induced thromboembolism in a dose-dependent manner and inhibition of collagen-induced human platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, AGE 232-treated mice did not show severe bleeding in the gut compared to ASA-treated mice. AGE 232 resulted in a decrease in the number of neutrophils attached to the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and lower inhibition of COX-1 in response to bleeding and damage to blood vessels, a major side effect of ASA. Therefore, AGE 232 can prevent thrombus formation and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Jin
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea; (H.J.); (H.P.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Hyunwoo Park
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea; (H.J.); (H.P.); (M.S.K.)
- Health Park Co., Ltd., Seoul 06627, Korea
| | - Min Sang Kim
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea; (H.J.); (H.P.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Hirofumi Matsui
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Hanki Lee
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea;
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea; (H.J.); (H.P.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea; (H.J.); (H.P.); (M.S.K.)
- MJ Bioefficacy Research Center, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Korea
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19
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Shih TL, Lin KH, Chen RJ, Chen TY, Kao WT, Liu JW, Wang HH, Peng HY, Sun YY, Lu WJ. A novel naphthalimide derivative reduces platelet activation and thrombus formation via suppressing GPVI. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9434-9446. [PMID: 34448532 PMCID: PMC8500964 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Naphthalimide derivatives have multiple biological activities, including antitumour and anti‐inflammatory activities. We previously synthesized several naphthalimide derivatives; of them, compound 5 was found to exert the strongest inhibitory effect on human DNA topoisomerase II activity. However, the effects of naphthalimide derivatives on platelet activation have not yet been investigated. Therefore, the mechanism underlying the antiplatelet activity of compound 5 was determined in this study. The data revealed that compound 5 (5–10 μM) inhibited collagen‐ and convulxin‐ but not thrombin‐ or U46619‐mediated platelet aggregation, suggesting that compound 5 is more sensitive to the inhibition of glycoprotein VI (GPVI) signalling. Indeed, compound 5 could inhibit the phosphorylation of signalling molecules downstream of GPVI, followed by the inhibition of calcium mobilization, granule release and GPIIb/IIIa activation. Moreover, compound 5 prevented pulmonary embolism and prolonged the occlusion time, but tended to prolong the bleeding time, indicating that it can prevent thrombus formation but may increase bleeding risk. This study is the first to demonstrate that the naphthalimide derivative compound 5 exerts antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. Future studies should modify compound 5 to synthesize more potent and efficient antiplatelet agents while minimizing bleeding risk, which may offer a therapeutic potential for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzenge-Lien Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Kao
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Hsiao Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yu Peng
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yo Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Wan-Jung Lu
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Alsamman M, Pothen J, Inoyatov M, Cruz Salcedo EM, Ramesh C. Aortic Thrombus Extending to Left Subclavian in a Patient With Diffuse Venous Thromboembolism on Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy. Cureus 2021; 13:e16698. [PMID: 34462705 PMCID: PMC8389857 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Concomitant arterial and venous thrombosis is an infrequent event often associated with malignancy, hyperhomocysteinemia, and thrombophilic conditions. Some overlapping pathophysiology mechanisms suggest an association between arterial and venous thrombosis. It is reported that thrombosis in the arterial and venous systems develops through distinct mechanisms affecting inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Recently, the aromatase inhibitors have moved to the forefront of adjuvant hormonal therapy, however, the adverse effects of these agents are not yet fully understood. It is generally accepted that tamoxifen, but not aromatase inhibitors, is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis in women with breast cancer. Here, we report an unusual case of an 87-year-old female on anastrozole therapy with aortic thrombus extending into the left subclavian artery with associated diffuse venous thromboembolism (VTE). An 87-year-old-female with a history of breast cancer in remission, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia presented to the emergency department with new onset of left arm weakness and tingling sensation. Vital signs showed respiratory rate of 20 per minute, oxygen saturation of 95% on 3 L of oxygen via nasal cannula, blood pressure of 150/79 mmHg, and pulse 81 beats per minute. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) neck showed an aortic thrombus extending into the left subclavian artery and bilateral pulmonary emboli (PE). Doppler ultrasound of the lower extremities showed a deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the left lower extremity. Echocardiography showed no patent foramen ovale. She was started on continuous heparin infusion and subsequently transitioned to an oral anticoagulation medication upon discharge. Symptomatic ischemic lesions of the upper extremity due to thrombosis of the subclavian artery are extremely rare, occurring in less than one percent of the population. While this patient had a history of early-stage breast cancer, she was on adjuvant anastrozole therapy with no evidence of recurrence or further tumor burden as per her outpatient oncologist, who also followed her during her hospital stay. She also had no prior history of thromboembolic disease or clotting disorders. Her only risk factors appear to be her age and her obesity (with a BMI over 30). Nevertheless, the extent of thromboembolism seen in this patient is greater than that might be expected with these factors. This case highlights a concomitant rarity of arterial and venous thrombosis. Also, there are not enough studies on anastrozole effect on thromboembolism. Given these risk factors, we recommend a high degree of suspicion for VTE in patients who are on anastrozole therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrhaf Alsamman
- Internal Medicine, Health Corporation of America-University of Central Florida (HCA-UCF) Consortium, Ocala, USA
| | - Joshua Pothen
- Internal Medicine, Health Corporation of America-University of Central Florida (HCA-UCF) Consortium, Ocala, USA
| | - Marialla Inoyatov
- Anesthesia, Health Corporation of America-University of Central Florida (HCA-UCF) Consortium, Ocala, USA
| | - Elis M Cruz Salcedo
- Internal Medicine, Health Corporation of America-University of Central Florida (HCA-UCF) Consortium, Ocala, USA
| | - Chembu Ramesh
- Internal Medicine, Ocala Regional Medical Center, Ocala, USA
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21
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Kake S, Kawaguchi H, Nagasato T, Yamada T, Ito T, Maruyama I, Miura N, Tanimoto A. Association Between HMGB1 and Thrombogenesis in a Hyperlipaemia-induced Microminipig Model of Atherosclerosis. In Vivo 2021; 34:1871-1874. [PMID: 32606157 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM An appropriate animal model is essential to investigate the relationship between inflammation, atherosclerosis, and thrombogenesis, and the development of preventive measures and therapies for atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Atherosclerosis was induced in Microminipigs (MMPs) using a high-fat diet. We assessed high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression levels and measured thrombus formation using a Total Thrombus Formation Analysis System (T-TAS). MMPs were divided into a normal diet (control) group and four high-fat diet groups, with differing amounts of cholesterol. After 8 weeks, blood was collected for analysis. RESULTS HMGB1 levels increased with increasing dietary cholesterol, and a negative correlation was found between HMGB1 levels and thrombus formation time. CONCLUSION T-TAS is useful in the assessment of thrombogenesis in MMPs and HMGB1 is associated with thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Kake
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Department of Comparative Animal Science, College of Life Science, Kurashiki University of Science and The Arts, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kawaguchi
- Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomoka Nagasato
- Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Research Institute, Fujimori Kogyo Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Yamada
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Ito
- Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ikuro Maruyama
- Systems Biology in Thromboregulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naoki Miura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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22
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Mitoh A, Suebe Y, Kashima T, Koyabu E, Sobu E, Okamoto E, Mitamura Y, Nishimura I. Shear stress evaluation on blood cells using computational fluid dynamics. Biomed Mater Eng 2021; 31:169-178. [PMID: 32597794 DOI: 10.3233/bme-201088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombus formation and hemolysis are important factors in developing blood pumps and mechanical heart valve prostheses. These phenomena are induced by flow properties. High shear stress induces platelet and red cell damage. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis calculates shear stress of fluid and particle pathlines of blood cells. OBJECTIVE We studied blood cell damage in a blood pump by using CFD analysis and proposed a method for estimating blood damage. METHODS We analyzed a pulsatile blood pump that was developed as a totally implantable left ventricular assist system at Tokai University. Shear stress on blood cells throughout pulsatile blood pumps were analyzed using CFD software. RESULTS Based on the assumption that the effect of shear stress on platelets is accumulated along the trace, we proposed a method for estimating blood damage using the damage parameter D. Platelet damage parameter is calculated regardless of the division time 𝛥t which is dependent on the calculation time step. The results of the simulations are in good agreement with Giersiepen's equation obtained from the experiments. CONCLUSION The history of shear stress on a particle was calculated using CFD analysis. The new damage parameter D yields a value close to that of Giersiepen's equation with small errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Mitoh
- National Institute of Technology, Tomakomai College, Tomakomai, Japan
| | | | - Tadashi Kashima
- National Institute of Technology, Tomakomai College, Tomakomai, Japan
| | - Etaro Koyabu
- National Institute of Technology, Tomakomai College, Tomakomai, Japan
| | - Eiji Sobu
- National Institute of Technology, Tomakomai College, Tomakomai, Japan
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23
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Golaszewska A, Misztal T, Marcinczyk N, Chabielska E, Rusak T. Adrenaline May Contribute to Prothrombotic Condition via Augmentation of Platelet Procoagulant Response, Enhancement of Fibrin Formation, and Attenuation of Fibrinolysis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:657881. [PMID: 34025450 PMCID: PMC8134743 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.657881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adrenaline is believed to play a role in thrombosis and hemostasis. The complex effect of its clinically relevant concentrations on thrombus formation, coagulation and fibrinolysis in human blood has never been specifically studied. Methods: Confocal microscopy was used to study thrombus formation under flow, exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) in adhered platelets, to evaluate clots density, and to measure kinetics of fibrin formation and external fibrinolysis under flow. Flow cytometry was utilized to assess PS exposure in non-adhered platelets. Kinetics of clot formation and internal fibrinolysis was evaluated by thromboelastometry. Platelet aggregation was measured by optical aggremometry. Kinetics of clot retraction was assessed by using digital camera. Results: We found that adrenaline (1-10 nM) is able to enhance platelet activation evoked by subthreshold collagen (150 ng/ml), resulting in augmentation of platelet aggregation, thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions, platelet PS exposure, and formation of platelet-fibrin clots. The development of platelet procoagulant response evoked by adrenaline + low collagen was associated with the formation of denser platelet-fibrin clots and the decrease in rate of fibrinolysis despite whether lysis was initiated inside (internal fibrinolysis) or outside the clot (external fibrinolysis). The above phenomena were abolished by the α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, rauwolscine. Adrenaline-collagen synergism, expressed as PS exposure, was significantly reduced by cyclooxygenase inhibitor (acetylsalicic acid), GPIIb/IIIa receptor blocker (tirofiban), and P2Y12 receptor antagonist (PSB 0739). Conclusion: Clinically relevant concentrations of adrenaline may significantly augment responses of human platelets in the presence of subthreshold concentrations of collagen, which should be considered during therapies involving adrenaline infusion. Routinely used antiplatelet drugs may reduce the prothrombotic state evoked by adrenaline-collagen synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Golaszewska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Misztal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Marcinczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rusak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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24
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Obermann WMJ, Brockhaus K, Eble JA. Platelets, Constant and Cooperative Companions of Sessile and Disseminating Tumor Cells, Crucially Contribute to the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:674553. [PMID: 33937274 PMCID: PMC8085416 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.674553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although platelets and the coagulation factors are components of the blood system, they become part of and contribute to the tumor microenvironment (TME) not only within a solid tumor mass, but also within a hematogenous micrometastasis on its way through the blood stream to the metastatic niche. The latter basically consists of blood-borne cancer cells which are in close association with platelets. At the site of the primary tumor, the blood components reach the TME via leaky blood vessels, whose permeability is increased by tumor-secreted growth factors, by incomplete angiogenic sprouts or by vasculogenic mimicry (VM) vessels. As a consequence, platelets reach the primary tumor via several cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Moreover, clotting factor VII from the blood associates with tissue factor (TF) that is abundantly expressed on cancer cells. This extrinsic tenase complex turns on the coagulation cascade, which encompasses the activation of thrombin and conversion of soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin. The presence of platelets and their release of growth factors, as well as fibrin deposition changes the TME of a solid tumor mass substantially, thereby promoting tumor progression. Disseminating cancer cells that circulate in the blood stream also recruit platelets, primarily by direct cell-cell interactions via different receptor-counterreceptor pairs and indirectly by fibrin, which bridges the two cell types via different integrin receptors. These tumor cell-platelet aggregates are hematogenous micrometastases, in which platelets and fibrin constitute a particular TME in favor of the cancer cells. Even at the distant site of settlement, the accompanying platelets help the tumor cell to attach and to grow into metastases. Understanding the close liaison of cancer cells with platelets and coagulation factors that change the TME during tumor progression and spreading will help to curb different steps of the metastatic cascade and may help to reduce tumor-induced thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johannes A. Eble
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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25
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Gąsecka A, Banaszkiewicz M, Nieuwland R, van der Pol E, Hajji N, Mutwil H, Rogula S, Rutkowska W, Pluta K, Eyileten C, Postuła M, Darocha S, Huczek Z, Opolski G, Filipiak KJ, Torbicki A, Kurzyna M. Prostacyclin Analogues Inhibit Platelet Reactivity, Extracellular Vesicle Release and Thrombus Formation in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1024. [PMID: 33801460 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10051024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Prostacyclin analogues (epoprostenol, treprostinil, and iloprost) induce vasodilation in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) but also inhibit platelet function. (2) Objectives: We assessed platelet function in PAH patients treated with prostacyclin analogues and not receiving prostacyclin analogues. (3) Methods: Venous blood was collected from 42 patients treated with prostacyclin analogues (49.5 ± 15.9 years, 81% female) and 38 patients not receiving prostacyclin analogues (55.5 ± 15.6 years, 74% female). Platelet reactivity was analyzed by impedance aggregometry using arachidonic acid (AA; 0.5 mM), adenosine diphosphate (ADP; 6.5 µM), and thrombin receptor-activating peptide (TRAP; 32 µM) as agonists. In a subset of patients, concentrations of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from all platelets (CD61+), activated platelets (CD61+/CD62P+), leukocytes (CD45+), and endothelial cells (CD146+) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Platelet-rich thrombus formation was measured using a whole blood perfusion system. (4) Results: Compared to controls, PAH patients treated with prostacyclin analogues had lower platelet reactivity in response to AA and ADP (p = 0.01 for both), lower concentrations of platelet and leukocyte EVs (p ≤ 0.04), delayed thrombus formation (p ≤ 0.003), and decreased thrombus size (p = 0.008). Epoprostenol did not affect platelet reactivity but decreased the concentrations of platelet and leukocyte EVs (p ≤ 0.04). Treprostinil decreased platelet reactivity in response to AA and ADP (p ≤ 0.02) but had no effect on the concentrations of EVs. All prostacyclin analogues delayed thrombus formation and decreased thrombus size (p ≤ 0.04). (5) Conclusions: PAH patients treated with prostacyclin analogues had impaired platelet reactivity, EV release, and thrombus formation, compared to patients not receiving prostacyclin analogues.
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26
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Yaoi H, Shida Y, Kitazawa T, Shima M, Nogami K. Emicizumab improves thrombus formation of type 2A von willebrand disease under high shear condition. Haemophilia 2021; 27:e194-e203. [PMID: 33555083 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2A von Willebrand disease (VWD) is common in type-2 group caused by qualitative deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Emicizumab is a bispecific antibody that mimics activated factor VIII (FVIIIa) cofactor function, and emicizumab prophylaxis substantially reduces bleeding in patients with haemophilia A. It is unknown whether emicizumab affects thrombus formation in type 2A VWD characterized by not only low FVIII levels but also the impaired platelet adhesion and aggregation. AIM To examine the coagulant potential of emicizumab in type 2A VWD. PATIENTS/METHODS Perfusion chamber experiments combined with immunostaining were performed using whole blood from 5 patients with type 2A VWD under high shear condition (2500 s-1 ). RESULTS The addition of FVIII to type 2A VWD whole blood did not augment thrombus formation, whilst supplementation with VWF or FVIII/VWF enhanced. FVIII appeared to contribute to thrombus height rather than surface coverage. The addition of emicizumab enhanced thrombus formation in type 2A VWD compared with FVIII, but this potency was less than the presence of VWF. The effect on thrombus formation mediated by emicizumab appeared to be more rapid than that by FVIII for non-requirement of activation step of FVIII, whilst that by FVIII showed more impact on thrombus formation at the late phase. CONCLUSION Emicizumab-induced enhancing effects of thrombus formation, independent on VWF, may be useful as an alternative therapy for type 2A VWD patients. These results supported a critical role for the FVIII-VWF complex facilitating thrombus formation under high shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Yaoi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Shida
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Midori Shima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Keiji Nogami
- Department of Pediatrics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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27
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Abe H, Endo K, Nogawa M, Shiba M, Miyata S, Satake M. In vitro thrombus formation and in vivo hemostasis mediated by platelets irradiated with bactericidal ultraviolet C from xenon flash under flow conditions. Transfusion 2020; 61:191-201. [PMID: 33107611 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported a flow path-ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation system for platelet concentrates (PCs) with platelet additive solution (PAS) to minimize contamination by bacteria. Here, we investigated functionalities of irradiated platelets (PLTs) in in vitro thrombus formation and in vivo hemostasis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS PAS-PCs were irradiated with flash UVC using the flow path system. Their variables (PLT count, mean platelet volume, pH, glucose, lactate, glycoprotein [GP] Ib, and activated integrin αIIbβ3) were evaluated. Static adhesion to collagen or fibrinogen was analyzed using fluorescent microscopy. Thrombus formation under flow conditions was assessed using a collagen-coated bead column. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced Akt phosphorylation was determined by western blot. In vivo hemostasis and circulatory survival of PLTs were assessed with a rabbit bleeding model. RESULTS All variables, except for GPIb expression, were slightly, but significantly, impaired after flash UVC irradiation throughout the 6-day storage period. No difference was observed in static adhesion to either collagen or fibrinogen between irradiated and nonirradiated PAS-PCs. In vitro thrombus formation of flash UVC-irradiated PAS-PCs was significantly greater than that of nonirradiated PAS-PCs. ADP-induced Akt phosphorylation was enhanced in irradiated PAS-PCs. In vivo hemostatic efficacy was comparable between the groups on Day 1. The efficacy declined in nonirradiated PAS-PCs on Day 5, while it was retained in flash UVC-irradiated PAS-PCs. Circulatory survival of PLTs was lower in irradiated PAS-PCs. CONCLUSIONS PAS-PCs irradiated with UVC from xenon flash have favorable properties to achieve hemostasis compared with nonirradiated PAS-PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Abe
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimika Endo
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nogawa
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shiba
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Miyata
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satake
- Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Misztal T, Golaszewska A, Branska-Januszewska J, Marcinczyk N, Chabielska E, Tomasiak M, Rusak T. HAuCl 4, Putative General Aquaporins Blocker, Reduces Platelet Spreading, Filopodia Formation, Procoagulant Response, and Thrombus Formation Under Flow. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1025. [PMID: 32973556 PMCID: PMC7472438 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies indicate that aquaporin (AQP) water channels have a regulatory function in human platelet secretion and in procoagulant response of murine platelets. However, the engagement of AQPs in morphological changes, procoagulant response, and thrombus formation in human blood has never been investigated. Methods: Confocal microscopy was used to study platelet spreading, filopodia formation, ballooning, and thrombus formation under flow. Flow cytometry was utilized to assess platelet phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and microparticles shedding. Kinetics of clot formation in vitro was evaluated by thromboelastometry. Mouse model of ferric chloride (III) (FeCl3)-induced thrombosis was used to investigate thrombus formation in vivo. Results: We found that chloroauric(III) acid (HAuCl4), a classical AQP inhibitor (10–100 μM), reduced spreading of human platelets on collagen-coated surfaces and inhibited filopodia formation in a fluid phase. Under flow conditions, HAuCl4 (100 μM) attenuated thrombi growth on collagen, platelet secretion, and PS exposure. Thrombus formation was restored by the addition of exogenous adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Collagen-evoked platelet procoagulant response (evaluated as PS exposure, shedding of microparticles, platelet-dependent thrombin generation, and membrane ballooning) was distinctly reduced by HAuCl4 (25–200 μM), as well as the dynamics of clot formation. In mouse model of thrombosis, reduction of surface of PS-positive cells within thrombus was observed in the presence of HAuCl4 (1–10 mg/kg). Conclusion: These results suggest that in human platelets AQPs are crucial for agonist-evoked morphological changes, thrombus formation under flow, and in development of procoagulant response. Antithrombotic effect in vivo suggests that nontoxic inhibitors of AQPs may be considered as potential candidates for a novel class of antiplatelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Misztal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agata Golaszewska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Marcinczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marian Tomasiak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rusak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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29
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Chen H, Liu D, Ge L, Wang T, Ma Z, Han Y, Duan Y, Xu X, Liu W, Yuan J, Liu J, Li R, Du R. Catestatin prevents endothelial inflammation and promotes thrombus resolution in acute pulmonary embolism in mice. Biosci Rep. 2019;39. [PMID: 31682263 PMCID: PMC6879352 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Catestatin (CTS), a catecholamine-release inhibitory peptide, exerts pleiotropic cardiac protective effects. Pulmonary embolism caused by deep vein thrombosis involving vascular dysfunction. The present study aims to investigate the effects of CTS on thrombus formation that may inhibit the development of pulmonary embolism and its potential pathway. Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) model was developed as an in vivo model. The effects of CTS on mice with APE were examined. Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) were pretreated with CTS before thrombin stimulation, and endothelial inflammation and underlying mechanisms were evaluated in vitro. That plasma CTS level was decreased in APE mice, while the number of platelets was significantly increased. The decreased circulating CTS level negatively associated with the number of platelets. CTS administration increased the survival rate of APE mice and protected against microvascular thrombosis in lung. APE-induced the increase in platelets number and plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) were inhibited by CTS. Platelets from CTS-treated APE mice showed impaired agonist-induced platelets aggregation and spreading. CTS also ameliorated APE-induced the systemic inflammatory response. In in vivo study, thrombin-induced the increase in inflammation, TLR-4 expression and p38 phosphorylation were abrogated by CTS in HPAECs. Furthermore, TLR-4 overexpression inhibited the effect of CTS on VWF release and inflammation in HPAECs. Collectively, CTS increases thrombus resolution by attenuating endothelial inflammation at partially via inhibiting TLR-4-p38 pathway. The present study may provide a novel approach for anti-thrombosis.
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30
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Ujiie N, Taniyama Y, Okamoto H, Sato C, Takaya K, Fukutomi T, Kamei T. Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer in a Patient with Protein C Deficiency: A Case Report. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 26:286-289. [PMID: 32814726 PMCID: PMC7641887 DOI: 10.5761/atcs.cr.20-00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 63-year-old man with protein C deficiency underwent thoracoscopic esophagectomy and digestive reconstruction using a gastric tube for thoracic esophageal cancer. On postoperative day 3, the gastric tube was removed because of anastomotic leakage and gastric tube necrosis. Digestive reconstruction using a free jejunal graft was attempted 140 days after the first surgery. However, thrombus formation in the artery and vein of the jejunal graft resulted in a failed reconstruction. Ten days after this surgery, digestive reconstruction using the colon was performed with intraoperative heparin administered for anticoagulation control. The surgery was successful, with no thrombus formation afterward. When performing digestive reconstruction in patients with conditions predisposing to thrombus formation, perioperative management should be completed with careful attention toward preventing thrombus formation. In particular, appropriate anticoagulation control, such as the administration of intraoperative heparin, is recommended in patients with protein C deficiency because necrosis of the reconstructed organ is likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Ujiie
- Division of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Taniyama
- Division of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okamoto
- Division of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Chiaki Sato
- Division of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kai Takaya
- Division of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukutomi
- Division of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Division of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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31
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Wei G, Xu X, Tong H, Wang X, Chen Y, Ding Y, Zhang S, Ju W, Fu C, Li Z, Zeng L, Xu K, Qiao J. Salidroside inhibits platelet function and thrombus formation through AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8151-8166. [PMID: 32352928 PMCID: PMC7244060 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Salidroside is the main bioactive component in Rhodiola rosea and possesses multiple biological and pharmacological properties. However, whether salidroside affects platelet function remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate salidroside’s effect on platelet function. Human or mouse platelets were treated with salidroside (0-20 μM) for 1 hour at 37°C. Platelet aggregation, granule secretion, and receptors expression were measured together with detection of platelet spreading and clot retraction. In addition, salidroside (20 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into mice followed by measuring tail bleeding time, arterial and venous thrombosis. Salidroside inhibited thrombin- or CRP-induced platelet aggregation and ATP release and did not affect the expression of P-selectin, glycoprotein (GP) Ibα, GPVI and αIIbβ3. Salidroside-treated platelets presented decreased spreading on fibrinogen or collagen and reduced clot retraction with decreased phosphorylation of c-Src, Syk and PLCγ2. Additionally, salidroside significantly impaired hemostasis, arterial and venous thrombus formation in mice. Moreover, in thrombin-stimulated platelets, salidroside inhibited phosphorylation of AKT (T308/S473) and GSK3β (Ser9). Further, addition of GSK3β inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of salidroside on platelet aggregation and clot retraction. In conclusion, salidroside inhibits platelet function and thrombosis via AKT/GSK3β signaling, suggesting that salidroside may be a novel therapeutic drug for treating thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Wei
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huan Tong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiamin Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Sixuan Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, China
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32
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Ren L, Li Q, You T, Zhao X, Xu X, Tang C, Zhu L. Humanin analogue, HNG, inhibits platelet activation and thrombus formation by stabilizing platelet microtubules. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4773-4783. [PMID: 32174022 PMCID: PMC7176859 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HNG, a highly potent mutant of the anti-Alzheimer peptide-humanin, has been shown to protect against ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the underlying mechanism related to platelet activation remains unknown. We proposed that HNG has an effect on platelet function and thrombus formation. In this study, platelet aggregation, granule secretion, clot retraction, integrin activation and adhesion under flow conditions were evaluated. In mice receiving HNG or saline, cremaster arterial thrombus formation induced by laser injury, tail bleeding time and blood loss were recorded. Platelet microtubule depolymerization was evaluated using immunofluorescence staining. Results showed that HNG inhibited platelet aggregation, P-selectin expression, ATP release, and αIIb β3 activation and adhesion under flow conditions. Mice receiving HNG had attenuated cremaster arterial thrombus formation, although the bleeding time was not prolonged. Moreover, HNG significantly inhibited microtubule depolymerization, enhanced tubulin acetylation in platelets stimulated by fibrinogen or microtubule depolymerization reagent, nocodazole, and inhibited AKT and ERK phosphorylation downstream of HDAC6 by collagen stimulation. Therefore, our results identified a novel role of HNG in platelet function and thrombus formation potentially through stabilizing platelet microtubules via tubulin acetylation. These findings suggest a potential benefit of HNG in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Ren
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao You
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingshun Xu
- The Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chaojun Tang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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33
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Watanabe S, Matsumoto S, Nakahara I, Ishii A, Hatano T, Mori M, Morishita E, Nagata I. A Case of Ischemic Stroke With Congenital Protein C Deficiency and Carotid Web Successfully Treated by Anticoagulant and Carotid Stenting. Front Neurol 2020; 11:99. [PMID: 32132969 PMCID: PMC7040358 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: A rare case of thromboembolic cerebral infarction due to carotid web in a patient with congenital protein C deficiency is reported. Case Presentation: A patient in her 40's with left-side hemiparesis was transferred to our hospital under continuous intravenous injection of heparin. Magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA). Conventional angiography revealed recanalization of the right MCA and a carotid web at the origin of the right internal carotid artery. Ultrasound scan of the carotid artery on the 19th day revealed thrombus formation on the distal portion of the carotid web. We performed carotid artery stenting to prevent thrombus formation by suppressing the carotid web to the vessel wall and by regulating the turbulent flow. The patient had no recurrence of stroke under-anticoagulation with warfarin during the 2-year follow-up period. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report in which an immediate thrombus formation on the carotid web was observed in a patient with congenital protein C deficiency. In a case of acute ischemic stroke with carotid web, especially when congenital coagulopathy such as protein C deficiency is suspected, careful follow-up with ultrasound imaging should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadayoshi Watanabe
- Department of Comprehensive Strokology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shoji Matsumoto
- Department of Comprehensive Strokology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nakahara
- Department of Comprehensive Strokology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akira Ishii
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taketo Hatano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke Center, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Minako Mori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eriko Morishita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Izumi Nagata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke Center, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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34
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Ampofo E, Später T, Nalbach L, Menger MD, Laschke MW. The Marine-Derived Triterpenoid Frondoside A Inhibits Thrombus Formation. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E111. [PMID: 32074969 DOI: 10.3390/md18020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The marine-derived triterpenoid frondoside A inhibits the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in cancer cells. Because this pathway is also crucially involved in platelet activation, we studied the effect of frondoside A on thrombus formation. Methods: Frondoside A effects on platelet viability, surface adhesion molecule expression, and intracellular signaling were analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blot. The effect of frondoside A was analyzed by photochemically induced thrombus formation in the mouse dorsal skinfold chamber model and by tail vein bleeding. Results: Concentrations of up to 15 µM frondoside A did not affect the viability of platelets, but reduced their surface expression of P-selectin (CD62P) and the activation of glycoprotein (GP)IIb/IIIa after agonist stimulation. Additional mechanistic analyses revealed that this was mediated by downregulation of PI3K-dependent Akt and extracellular-stimuli-responsive kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. Frondoside A significantly prolonged the complete vessel occlusion time in the mouse dorsal skinfold chamber model of photochemically induced thrombus formation and also the tail vein bleeding time when compared to vehicle-treated controls. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that frondoside A inhibits agonist-induced CD62P expression and activation of GPIIb/IIIa. Moreover, frondoside A suppresses thrombus formation. Therefore, this marine-derived triterpenoid may serve as a lead compound for the development of novel antithrombotic drugs.
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35
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Matsumoto M, Takegahara K, Inoue T, Nakaza M, Sekine T, Usuda J. 4D Flow MR Imaging Reveals a Decrease of Left Atrial Blood Flow in a Patient with Cardioembolic Cerebral Infarction after Pulmonary Left Upper Lobectomy. Magn Reson Med Sci 2020; 19:290-293. [PMID: 32051361 PMCID: PMC7809149 DOI: 10.2463/mrms.ici.2019-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 76-year-old woman who underwent left upper lobectomy for lung adenocarcinoma. Three days after the surgery, a thrombus was observed in the pulmonary vein (PV) stump. Four months after the surgery, we performed 4D flow MRI, which revealed decreased blood flow, not only in the left superior PV stump, but also over a widespread region around the left atrium-left superior PV junction. 4D flow MRI can clarify the altered hemodynamics underlying thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tatsuya Inoue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | | | | | - Jitsuo Usuda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital
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36
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Scavone M, Bozzi S, Mencarini T, Podda G, Cattaneo M, Redaelli A. Platelet Adhesion and Thrombus Formation in Microchannels: The Effect of Assay-Dependent Variables. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E750. [PMID: 31979370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic flow chambers (MFCs) allow the study of platelet adhesion and thrombus formation under flow, which may be influenced by several variables. We developed a new MFC, with which we tested the effects of different variables on the results of platelet deposition and thrombus formation on a collagen-coated surface. Methods: Whole blood was perfused in the MFC over collagen Type I for 4 min at different wall shear rates (WSR) and different concentrations of collagen-coating solutions, keeping blood samples at room temperature or 37 °C before starting the experiments. In addition, we tested the effects of the antiplatelet agent acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (antagonist of cyclooxygenase-1, 100 µM) and cangrelor (antagonist of P2Y12, 1 µM). Results: Platelet deposition on collagen (I) was not affected by the storage temperature of the blood before perfusion (room temperature vs. 37 °C); (II) was dependent on a shear rate in the range between 300/s and 1700/s; and (III) was influenced by the collagen concentration used to coat the microchannels up to a value of 10 µg/mL. ASA and cangrelor did not cause statistically significant inhibition of platelet accumulation, except for ASA at low collagen concentrations. Conclusions: Platelet deposition on collagen-coated surfaces is a shear-dependent process, not influenced by the collagen concentration beyond a value of 10 µg/mL. However, the inhibitory effect of antiplatelet drugs is better observed using low concentrations of collagen.
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37
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Li JY, Chen RJ, Huang LT, Lee TY, Lu WJ, Lin KH. Embelin as a Novel Inhibitor of PKC in the Prevention of Platelet Activation and Thrombus Formation. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101724. [PMID: 31635287 PMCID: PMC6832570 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Embelin is a quinone derivative and found in the fruits of Embelia ribes Burm.f. Embelin has been identified as a small molecular inhibitor of X-chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, and has multiple biological activities, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and antitumor effects. However, the effect of embelin in platelets remains unclear. Thus, this study investigated the antiplatelet mechanism of embelin. Our data revealed that embelin could inhibit platelet aggregation induced by various agonists, including the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu). Embelin, as well as the PKC inhibitor Ro 31-8220, markedly reduced PDBu-mediated phosphorylation of the PKC substrate, suggesting that embelin may be a PKC inhibitor for platelets. Embelin could block PKC downstream signaling and events, including the inhibition of protein kinase B and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, granule release, and glycoprotein IIbIIIa activation. Moreover, embelin could delay thrombus formation in the mesenteric microvessels of mice, but did not significantly affect the tail bleeding time. In conclusion, we demonstrated that embelin is a PKC inhibitor and possesses antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. The further analysis is necessary to more accurately determine clinical therapeutic potential of embelin in all clinical thromboembolic events with disturbance of thrombocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun Yi Li
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ray Jade Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Li Ting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu Yin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Wan Jung Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan Hung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
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38
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Govers-Riemslag JWP, Konings J, Cosemans JMEM, van Geffen JP, de Laat B, Heemskerk JWM, Dargaud Y, Ten Cate H. Impact of Deficiency of Intrinsic Coagulation Factors XI and XII on Ex Vivo Thrombus Formation and Clot Lysis. TH Open 2019; 3:e273-e285. [PMID: 31511847 PMCID: PMC6736668 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The contributions of coagulation factor XI (FXI) and FXII to human clot formation is not fully known. Patients with deficiency in FXI have a variable mild bleeding risk, whereas FXII deficiency is not associated with bleeding. These phenotypes make FXII and FXI attractive target proteins in anticoagulant therapy. Here, we studied the mechanisms of fibrin clot formation, stability, and fibrinolytic degradation in patients with severe FXI or FXII deficiency. Thrombin generation was triggered in platelet-poor (PPP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with the biological FXII trigger sulfatides. Intrinsic and extrinsic thrombus formation and degradation in whole blood were determined with rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM). Clot formation under flow was assessed by perfusion of whole blood over collagen microspots with(out) tissue factor (TF). Thrombin generation and clot formation were delayed in FXII- and FXI-deficient patients triggered with sulfatides. In FXI-deficient plasma, this delay was more pronounced in PRP compared to PPP. In whole blood of FXII-deficient patients, clots were smaller but resistance to fibrinolysis was normal. In whole blood of FXI-deficient patients, clot formation was normal but the time to complete fibrinolysis was prolonged. In flow chamber experiments triggered with collagen/TF, platelet coverage was reduced in severe compared with moderate FXI deficiency, and fibrin formation was impaired. We conclude that quantitative defects in FXII and FXI have a substantial impact on contact activation-triggered coagulation. Furthermore, FXI deficiency has a dose-dependent suppressing effect on flow-mediated and platelet/TF-dependent clot formation. These last data highlight the contribution of particularly FXI to hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José W P Govers-Riemslag
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joke Konings
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna P van Geffen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Laat
- Synapse Research Institute, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yesim Dargaud
- Unité d 'Hémostase Clinique, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Hugo Ten Cate
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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39
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Derszniak K, Przyborowski K, Matyjaszczyk K, Moorlag M, de Laat B, Nowakowska M, Chlopicki S. Comparison of Effects of Anti-thrombin Aptamers HD1 and HD22 on Aggregation of Human Platelets, Thrombin Generation, Fibrin Formation, and Thrombus Formation Under Flow Conditions. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:68. [PMID: 30842734 PMCID: PMC6391317 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HD1 and HD22 are two of the most-studied aptamers binding to thrombin exosite I and exosite, respectively. To complete of their pharmacological profiles, the effects of HD1 and HD22 on thrombin-, ristocetin-, and collagen-induced human platelet aggregation, on thrombin generation and fibrin formation in human plasma, as well as on thrombus formation in human whole blood under flow conditions were assessed. The dissociation constants for HD1 and HD22 complexes with thrombin in simulated plasma ionic buffer were also evaluated. HD1 was more potent than HD22 in terms of inhibiting thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP; 0.05-3 μM) and in washed platelets (WPs; 0.005-3 μM): approximately 8.31% (±6.99% SD) and 89.53% (±11.38% SD) for HD1 (0.5 μM) and HD22 (0.5 μM), respectively. Neither HD1 nor HD22 (3 μM) did influence platelets aggregation induced by collagen. Both of them inhibited ristocetin-induced aggregation in PRP. Surprisingly, HD1 and HD22 aptamers (3 μM) potentiated ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation in WP. HD1 reduced thrombin generation in a concentration-dependent manner [ETP at 3 μM: 1677.53 ± 55.77 (nM⋅min) vs. control 2271.71 ± 423.66 (nM⋅min)], inhibited fibrin formation (lag time at 3 μM: 33.70 min ± 8.01 min vs. control 7.91 min ± 0.91 min) and reduced thrombus formation under flow conditions [AUC30 at 3 μM: 758.30 ± 344.23 (kPa⋅min) vs. control 1553.84 ± 118.03 (kPa⋅min)]. HD22 (3 μM) also delayed thrombin generation but increased the thrombin peak. HD22 (3 μM) shortened the lag time of fibrin generation (5.40 min ± 0.26 min vs. control 7.58 min ± 1.14 min) but did not modify thrombus formation (3, 15 μM). K d values for the HD1 complex with thrombin was higher (257.8 ± 15.0 nM) than the K d for HD22 (97.6 ± 2.2 nM). In conclusion, HD1 but not HD22 represents a potent anti-thrombotic agent, confirming the major role of exosite I in the action of thrombin. HD22 aptamer blocking exosite II displays weaker anti-platelet and anti-coagulant activity, with surprising activating effects on thrombin and fibrin generation most likely induced by HD22-induced allosteric changes in thrombin dynamic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Derszniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Przyborowski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Matyjaszczyk
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martijn Moorlag
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bas de Laat
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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40
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Lu WJ, Chung CL, Chen RJ, Huang LT, Lien LM, Chang CC, Lin KH, Sheu JR. An Antithrombotic Strategy by Targeting Phospholipase D in Human Platelets. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7110440. [PMID: 30441821 PMCID: PMC6262437 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase D (PLD) is involved in many biological processes. PLD1 plays a crucial role in regulating the platelet activity of mice; however, the role of PLD in the platelet activation of humans remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether PLD is involved in the platelet activation of humans. Our data revealed that inhibition of PLD1 or PLD2 using pharmacological inhibitors effectively inhibits platelet aggregation in humans. However, previous studies have showed that PLD1 or PLD2 deletion did not affect mouse platelet aggregation in vitro, whereas only PLD1 deletion inhibited thrombus formation in vivo. Intriguingly, our data also showed that the pharmacological inhibition of PLD1 or PLD2 does not affect mouse platelet aggregation in vitro, whereas the inhibition of only PLD1 delayed thrombus formation in vivo. These findings indicate that PLD may play differential roles in humans and mice. In humans, PLD inhibition attenuates platelet activation, adhesion, spreading, and clot retraction. For the first time, we demonstrated that PLD1 and PLD2 are essential for platelet activation in humans, and PLD plays different roles in platelet function in humans and mice. Our findings also indicate that targeting PLD may provide a safe and alternative therapeutic approach for preventing thromboembolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Jung Lu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Chi Li Chung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ray Jade Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Li Ting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Li Ming Lien
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
| | - Chao Chien Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan Hung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Central Laboratory, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
| | - Joen Rong Sheu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Tang X, Chen M, Duan Z, Mwangi J, Li P, Lai R. Isolation and Characterization of Poecistasin, an Anti-Thrombotic Antistasin-Type Serine Protease Inhibitor from Leech Poecilobdella manillensis. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10110429. [PMID: 30373118 PMCID: PMC6265900 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10110429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antistasin, first identified as a potent inhibitor of the blood coagulation factor Xa, is a novel family of serine protease inhibitors. In this study, we purified a novel antistasin-type inhibitor from leech Poecilobdella manillensis called poecistasin. Amino acid sequencing of this 48-amino-acid protein revealed that poecistasin was an antistasin-type inhibitor known to consist of only one domain. Poecistasin inhibited factor XIIa, kallikrein, trypsin, and elastase, but had no inhibitory effect on factor Xa and thrombin. Poecistasin showed anticoagulant activities. It prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time and inhibited FeCl₃-induced carotid artery thrombus formation, implying its potent function in helping Poecilobdella manillensis to take a blood meal from the host by inhibiting coagulation. Poecistasin also suppressed ischemic stroke symptoms in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion mice model. Our results suggest that poecistasin from the leech Poecilobdella manillensis plays a crucial role in blood-sucking and may be an excellent candidate for the development of clinical anti-thrombosis and anti-ischemic stroke medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China.
| | - Mengrou Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zilei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
| | - James Mwangi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, China.
| | - Pengpeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ren Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Swieringa F, Spronk HM, Heemskerk JW, van der Meijden PE. Integrating platelet and coagulation activation in fibrin clot formation. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:450-460. [PMID: 30046749 PMCID: PMC6046596 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets interact with the coagulation system in a multitude of ways, not only during the phases of thrombus formation, but also in specific areas within a formed thrombus. This review discusses current concepts of platelet control of thrombin generation, fibrin formation and structure, and anticoagulation. Indicated are how combined signalling via the platelet receptors for collagen (glycoprotein VI) and thrombin induces the secretion of (anti)coagulation factors, as well as surface exposure of phosphatidylserine, thereby catalysing thrombin generation. This procoagulant platelet response is also facilitated by the adhesive complexes glycoprotein Ib-V-IX and integrin αIIbβ3. In the buildup of a platelet-fibrin thrombus, the extrinsic, tissue factor-driven coagulation pathway is predominant in early stages, while the intrinsic, factor XII pathway seems to promote at later time points. Already early generation of thrombin enforces platelet responses and stimulates intra-thrombus heterogeneity with patches of loosely aggregated, contracted, and phosphatidylserine-exposing platelets. Fibrin actively formed on the surface of activated platelets supports thrombus growth, but also captures thrombin. The fibrin distribution in a thrombus appears to rely on the local procoagulant trigger and the blood flow rate. Clinical studies support the importance of the platelet-coagulation interplay, by showing beneficial effects of combination therapy in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Swieringa
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Leibniz Institute for Analytical SciencesISASDortmundGermany
| | - Henri M.H. Spronk
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Johan W.M. Heemskerk
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Paola E.J. van der Meijden
- Department of BiochemistryCardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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García-Isla G, Olivares AL, Silva E, Nuñez-Garcia M, Butakoff C, Sanchez-Quintana D, G Morales H, Freixa X, Noailly J, De Potter T, Camara O. Sensitivity analysis of geometrical parameters to study haemodynamics and thrombus formation in the left atrial appendage. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng 2018; 34:e3100. [PMID: 29737037 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The left atrial appendage (LAA) is a complex and heterogeneous protruding structure of the left atrium (LA). In atrial fibrillation patients, it is the location where 90% of the thrombi are formed. However, the role of the LAA in thrombus formation is not fully known yet. The main goal of this work is to perform a sensitivity analysis to identify the most relevant LA and LAA morphological parameters in atrial blood flow dynamics. Simulations were run on synthetic ellipsoidal left atria models where different parameters were individually studied: pulmonary veins and mitral valve dimensions; LAA shape; and LA volume. Our computational analysis confirmed the relation between large LAA ostia, low blood flow velocities and thrombus formation. Additionally, we found that pulmonary vein configuration exerted a critical influence on LAA blood flow patterns. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the LAA and to support clinical decisions for atrial fibrillation patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe García-Isla
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andy Luis Olivares
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Etelvino Silva
- Arrhythmia Unit, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Marta Nuñez-Garcia
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constantine Butakoff
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Hernán G Morales
- Medisys, Philips Research, Paris, France
- Centro de Fisiologia del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Xavier Freixa
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jérôme Noailly
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tom De Potter
- Arrhythmia Unit, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Oscar Camara
- BCN-MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family of thiol isomerases are intracellular enzymes known to catalyze the oxidation, reduction and isomerization of disulfide bonds during protein synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum. PDI and related members of the thiol isomerase family are known to localize extracellularly where they possess various functions. Among these, the role of PDI in the initiation of thrombus formation is best characterized. PDI is secreted within seconds from activated platelets and endothelial cells at the site of vascular injury and accumulates in the developing platelet-fibrin thrombus. Inhibition of PDI by antibodies or small molecule inhibitors blocks thrombus formation. Efforts are underway to identify extracellular substrates of PDI that participate in the network pathways linking thiol isomerases to thrombus formation. ERp57, ERp5 and ERp72 also play a role in initiation of thrombus formation but their specific extracellular substrates are unknown. Areas covered: The following review gives an overview of biochemistry of vascular thiol isomerases followed by a detailed description of their role in thrombosis and its clinical implications. Expert commentary: The thiol isomerase system, by controlling the initiation of thrombus formation, provides the regulatory switch by which the normal vasculature is protected under physiologic conditions from thrombi generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Sharda
- a Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA USA
| | - Bruce Furie
- a Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA USA
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Miura Y, Ishida F, Kamei Y, Tsuji M, Shiba M, Tanemura H, Umeda Y, Shimosaka S, Suzuki H. A Case of Vertebral Artery Fusiform Aneurysm Treated by Flow Alteration: Successful Prediction of Therapeutic Effects Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. NMC Case Rep J 2017; 4:107-110. [PMID: 29018651 PMCID: PMC5629354 DOI: 10.2176/nmccrj.cr.2017-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of intracranial complicated aneurysms remains challenging. In patients with complicated aneurysms that are neither clippable nor coilable, flow alteration treatment (FAT) with a combined procedure of proximal/distal occlusion or trapping of an aneurysm with bypass surgery has been reported. However, it is difficult to predict whatever FAT can achieve aneurysmal obliteration without ischemic complications. A 69-year-old female was incidentally diagnosed with a left vertebral artery (VA) fusiform aneurysm distal to the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). Because one-year follow-up three-dimensional computed tomography angiography showed that the aneurysm grew significantly, surgical management was considered the therapy of choice. For determining treatment strategies, we assumed left VA occlusion at the proximal to the left PICA as a FAT model and performed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses. The FAT model had much lower wall shear stress and shear rate at the aneurysm dome than presumed thresholds necessary to thrombus formation, while those at the PICA were obviously higher than the thresholds, and streamlines into the left PICA from the distal VA were preserved. These findings theoretically meant that surgical occlusion of the left VA proximal to the left PICA and aneurysm would induce intra-aneurysmal thrombus formation with preservation of the left PICA flow. The treatment was performed successfully and achieved the predicted results. CFD simulations may be useful to predict effects of FAT for complicated aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Miura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzuka Kaisei Hospital, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Fujimaro Ishida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie Chuo Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kamei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi, Mie, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsuji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie Chuo Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Masato Shiba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanemura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie Chuo Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Umeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie Prefectural General Medical Center, Yokkaichi, Mie, Japan
| | - Shinichi Shimosaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie Chuo Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Lien LM, Lin KH, Huang LT, Tseng MF, Chiu HC, Chen RJ, Lu WJ. Licochalcone A Prevents Platelet Activation and Thrombus Formation through the Inhibition of PLCγ2-PKC, Akt, and MAPK Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071500. [PMID: 28704925 PMCID: PMC5535990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet activation is involved in cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke. Licochalcone A (LA), an active ingredient of licorice, exhibits multiple biological activities such as anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation. However, its role in platelet activation remains unclear. Therefore, the study investigated the antiplatelet mechanism of LA. Our data revealed that LA (2-10 μM) concentration dependently inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen, but not thrombin and U46619. LA markedly attenuated collagen-stimulated ATP release, P-selectin secretion, calcium mobilization, and GPIIbIIIa activation, but did not interfere with the collagen binding to platelets. Moreover, LA significantly reduced the activation of PLCγ2, PKC, Akt and MAPKs. Thus, LA attenuates platelet activation, possibly by inhibiting collagen receptor downstream signaling but not by blocking the collagen receptors. In addition, LA prevented adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced acute pulmonary thrombosis, fluorescein sodium-induced platelet thrombus formation, and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion-induced brain injury in mice, but did not affect normal hemostasis. This study demonstrated that LA effectively reduced platelet activation and thrombus formation, in part, through the inhibition of PLCγ2-PKC, Akt, and MAPK pathways, without the side effect of bleeding. These findings also indicate that LA may provide a safe and alternative therapeutic approach for preventing thromboembolic disorders such as stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Lien
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Central Laboratory, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Ting Huang
- Department of Medical Research and Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Fang Tseng
- Department of Medical Research and Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Hou-Chang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan.
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research and Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Jung Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research and Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Kemmner S, Lesevic H, Reents T, Schunkert H, Burgdorf C. Right ventricular thrombus formation in a patient with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia following radiofrequency ablation. Clin Case Rep 2016; 4:554-7. [PMID: 27398195 PMCID: PMC4891477 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A middle-aged female suffering from ARVD presented for routine follow-up 8 weeks after right ventricular radiofrequency ablation of recurring ventricular tachycardia. Echocardiography revealed two right ventricular thrombi in the scar area of right ventricular radiofrequency ablation. Ablation-related thromboembolic events should be considered as possible complication in patients suffering from ARVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kemmner
- Klinik für Herz‐ und KreislauferkrankungenDeutsches Herzzentrum MünchenTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Department of NephrologyKlinikum rechts der IsarTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Hasema Lesevic
- Klinik für Herz‐ und KreislauferkrankungenDeutsches Herzzentrum MünchenTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Tilko Reents
- Klinik für Herz‐ und KreislauferkrankungenDeutsches Herzzentrum MünchenTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Klinik für Herz‐ und KreislauferkrankungenDeutsches Herzzentrum MünchenTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz‐Kreislauf‐Forschung (DZHK) e.V.Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (MHA)MunichGermany
| | - Christof Burgdorf
- Klinik für Herz‐ und KreislauferkrankungenDeutsches Herzzentrum MünchenTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
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Daidone V, Barbon G, Cattini MG, Pontara E, Romualdi C, Di Pasquale I, Hosokawa K, Casonato A. Usefulness of the Total Thrombus-Formation Analysis System (T-TAS) in the diagnosis and characterization of von Willebrand disease. Haemophilia 2016; 22:949-956. [PMID: 27293213 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The heterogeneity of von Willebrand disease (VWD) makes its diagnosis a difficult task. METHODS We report here on the usefulness of a microchip-based flow-chamber system, the total thrombus-formation analysis system (T-TAS), in the identification and characterization of VWD. Thirty VWD patients and 20 healthy subjects were studied with the T-TAS platelet (PL) and atherome (AR) microchips developed for the in vitro assessment of platelet thrombus formation and fibrin-rich platelet thrombus formation respectively. RESULTS Samples from severe type 1 VWD, characterized by von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels below 10 U dL-1 , failed to occlude either the PL or the AR chip capillaries, while the occlusion times were normal in patients with mild type 1 VWD (VWF above 25 U dL-1 ). PL and/or AR chip occlusion occurred, but took longer than normal, for samples from type Vicenza and type 1 VWD patients, whose VWF levels ranged between 10 and 25 U dL-1 . No PL or AR chip capillary occlusion was seen for samples from patients with type 2A or 2B VWD featuring the absence of large VWF multimers, whereas no abnormalities emerged for type 2B patients with normal multimer patterns. CONCLUSION The T-TAS appears to be sensitive mainly to plasma VWF concentration and the presence of large multimers. Failure of the PL and AR chips to become occluded points to a lack of large VWF multimers, or type 1 VWD with VWF levels below 10 U dL-1 . Although the T-TAS does not assure a precise VWD diagnosis, it does point us in the right direction, and thus seems a useful global preliminary test.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Daidone
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Thrombohemorrhagic Disorders Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - G Barbon
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Familial Cancer Clinic and Oncoendocrinology, Padua, Italy
| | - M G Cattini
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Thrombohemorrhagic Disorders Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - E Pontara
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Thrombohemorrhagic Disorders Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| | - C Romualdi
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - I Di Pasquale
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - K Hosokawa
- Research Institute Fujimori Kogyo Co., Yokohama, Japan
| | - A Casonato
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Schuhmann MK, Gunreben I, Kleinschnitz C, Kraft P. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cerebral Thrombi Retrieved by Mechanical Thrombectomy from Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:298. [PMID: 26927082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical thrombectomy is a novel treatment option for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Only a few studies have previously suggested strategies to categorize retrieved clots according to their histologic composition. However, these reports did not analyze potential biomarkers that are of importance in stroke-related inflammation. We therefore histopathologically investigated 37 intracerebral thrombi mechanically retrieved from patients with AIS, and focused on the composition of immune cells and platelets. We also conducted correlation analyses of distinctive morphologic patterns (erythrocytic, serpentine, layered, red, white, mixed appearance) with clinical parameters. Most T cells and monocytes were detected in erythrocytic and red clots, in which the distribution of these cells was random. In contrast, von Willebrand factor (vWF)-positive areas co-localized with regions of fibrin and collagen. While clots with huge amounts of vWF seem to be associated with a high National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score at admission, histologic findings could not predict the clinical outcome at discharge. In summary, we provide the first histologic description of mechanically retrieved intracerebral thrombi regarding biomarkers relevant for inflammation in ischemic stroke.
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50
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Liu G, Liu G, Alzoubi K, Chatterjee M, Walker B, Münzer P, Luo D, Umbach AT, Elvira B, Chen H, Voelkl J, Föller M, Mak TW, Borst O, Gawaz M, Lang F. CD44 sensitivity of platelet activation, membrane scrambling and adhesion under high arterial shear rates. Thromb Haemost 2015; 115:99-108. [PMID: 26355696 DOI: 10.1160/th14-10-0847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CD44 is required for signalling of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an anti-apoptotic pro-inflammatory cytokine. MIF is expressed and released from blood platelets, key players in the orchestration of occlusive vascular disease. Nothing is known about a role of CD44 in the regulation of platelet function. The present study thus explored whether CD44 modifies degranulation (P-selectin exposure), integrin activation, caspase activity, phosphatidylserine exposure on the platelet surface, platelet volume, Orai1 protein abundance and cytosolic Ca(2+)-activity ([Ca2+]i). Platelets from mice lacking CD44 (cd44(-/-)) were compared to platelets from corresponding wild-type mice (cd44(+/+)). In resting platelets, P-selectin abundance, α(IIb)β3 integrin activation, caspase-3 activity and phosphatidylserine exposure were negligible in both genotypes and Orai1 protein abundance, [Ca2+]i, and volume were similar in cd44(-/-) and cd44(+/+) platelets. Platelet degranulation and α(IIb)β3 integrin activation were significantly increased by thrombin (0.02 U/ml), collagen related peptide (CRP, 2 µg/ml and Ca(2+)-store depletion with thapsigargin (1 µM), effects more pronounced in cd44(-/-) than in cd44(+/+) platelets. Thrombin (0.02 U/ml) increased platelet [Ca2+]i, caspase-3 activity, phosphatidylserine exposure and Orai1 surface abundance, effects again significantly stronger in cd44(-/-) than in cd44(+/+) platelets. Thrombin further decreased forward scatter in cd44(-/-) and cd44(+/+) platelets, an effect which tended to be again more pronounced in cd44(-/-) than in cd44(+/+) platelets. Platelet adhesion and in vitro thrombus formation under high arterial shear rates (1,700 s(-1)) were significantly augmented in cd44(-/-) mice. In conclusion, genetic deficiency of CD44 augments activation, apoptosis and pro-thrombotic potential of platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Florian Lang
- Florian Lang, Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, Tel.: +49 7071 29-72194, Fax: +49 7071 29-5618, E-mail:
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