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Zhao H, Zhao H, Ji S. A Mesenchymal stem cell Aging Framework, from Mechanisms to Strategies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1420-1440. [PMID: 38727878 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are extensively researched for therapeutic applications in tissue engineering and show significant potential for clinical use. Intrinsic or extrinsic factors causing senescence may lead to reduced proliferation, aberrant differentiation, weakened immunoregulation, and increased inflammation, ultimately limiting the potential of MSCs. It is crucial to comprehend the molecular pathways and internal processes responsible for the decline in MSC function due to senescence in order to devise innovative approaches for rejuvenating senescent MSCs and enhancing MSC treatment. We investigate the main molecular processes involved in senescence, aiming to provide a thorough understanding of senescence-related issues in MSCs. Additionally, we analyze the most recent advancements in cutting-edge approaches to combat MSC senescence based on current research. We are curious whether the aging process of stem cells results in a permanent "memory" and if cellular reprogramming may potentially revert the aging epigenome to a more youthful state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Zhao
- Nanbu County People's Hospital, Nanchong City, 637300, Sichuan Province, China
- Jinzhou Medical University, No.82 Songpo Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Houming Zhao
- Graduate School of PLA Medical College, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuaifei Ji
- Graduate School of PLA Medical College, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100083, China.
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2
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Sekelova T, Danisovic L, Cehakova M. Rejuvenation of Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Prevent Age-Related Changes in Synovial Joints. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231200065. [PMID: 37766590 PMCID: PMC10540599 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231200065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal/medicinal stem/signaling cells (MSCs), well known for regenerative potential, have been involved in hundreds of clinical trials. Even if equipped with reparative properties, aging significantly decreases their biological activity, representing a major challenge for MSC-based therapies. Age-related joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis, are associated with the accumulation of senescent cells, including synovial MSCs. An impaired ability of MSCs to self-renew and differentiate is one of the main contributors to the human aging process. Moreover, senescent MSCs (sMSCs) are characterized by the senescence-messaging secretome (SMS), which is typically manifested by the release of molecules with an adverse effect. Many factors, from genetic and metabolic pathways to environmental stressors, participate in the regulation of the senescent phenotype of MSCs. To better understand cellular senescence in MSCs, this review discusses the characteristics of sMSCs, their role in cartilage and synovial joint aging, and current rejuvenation approaches to delay/reverse age-related pathological changes, providing evidence from in vivo experiments as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Sekelova
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Piestany, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Piestany, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Cehakova
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Piestany, Slovakia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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3
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Sheng X, Wang S, Huang M, Fan K, Wang J, Lu Q. Bioinformatics Analysis of the Key Genes and Pathways in Multiple Myeloma. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:6999-7016. [PMID: 36090706 PMCID: PMC9462443 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s377321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the differentially expressed genes between multiple myeloma and healthy whole blood samples by bioinformatics analysis, find out the key genes involved in the occurrence, development and prognosis of multiple myeloma, and analyze and predict their functions. Methods The gene chip data GSE146649 was downloaded from the GEO expression database. The gene chip data GSE146649 was analyzed by R language to obtain the genes with different expression in multiple myeloma and healthy samples, and the cluster analysis heat map was constructed. At the same time, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of these DEGs were established by STRING and Cytoscape software. The gene co-expression module was constructed by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). The hub genes were identified from key gene and central gene. TCGA database was used to analyze the expression of differentially expressed genes in patients with multiple myeloma. Finally, the expression level of TNFSF11 in whole blood samples from patients with multiple myeloma was analyzed by RT qPCR. Results We identified four genes (TNFSF11, FGF2, SGMS2, IGFBP7) as hub genes of multiple myeloma. Then, TCGA database was used to analyze the survival of TNFSF11, FGF2, SGMS2 and IGFBP7 in patients with multiple myeloma. Finally, the expression level of TNFSF11 in whole blood samples from patients with multiple myeloma was analyzed by RT qPCR. Conclusion The study suggests that TNFSF11, FGF2, SGMS2 and IGFBP7 are important research targets to explore the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinge Sheng
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Clinical Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meijiao Huang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiwen Fan
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanyi Lu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Quanyi Lu, Tel +86 13600959425, Email
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4
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Prevenzano I, Leone A, Longo M, Nicolò A, Cabaro S, Collina F, Panarese I, Botti G, Formisano P, Napoli R, Beguinot F, Miele C, Nigro C. Glyoxalase 1 knockdown induces age-related β-cell dysfunction and glucose intolerance in mice. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52990. [PMID: 35620868 PMCID: PMC9253754 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight control of glycemia is a major treatment goal for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clinical studies indicated that factors other than poor glycemic control may be important in fostering T2DM progression. Increased levels of methylglyoxal (MGO) associate with complications development, but its role in the early steps of T2DM pathogenesis has not been defined. Here, we show that MGO accumulation induces an age-dependent impairment of glucose tolerance and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mice knockdown for glyoxalase 1 (Glo1KD). This metabolic alteration associates with the presence of insular inflammatory infiltration (F4/80-positive staining), the islet expression of senescence markers, and higher levels of cytokines (MCP-1 and TNF-α), part of the senescence-activated secretory profile, in the pancreas from 10-month-old Glo1KD mice, compared with their WT littermates. In vitro exposure of INS832/13 β-cells to MGO confirms its casual role on β-cell dysfunction, which can be reverted by senolytic treatment. These data indicate that MGO is capable to induce early phenotypes typical of T2D progression, paving the way for novel prevention approaches to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Prevenzano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Alessia Leone
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Michele Longo
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Antonella Nicolò
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Serena Cabaro
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Francesca Collina
- Pathology UnitIstituto Nazionale Tumori‐IRCCS‐Fondazione G.PascaleNaplesItaly
| | - Iacopo Panarese
- Unità di Anatomia PatologicaDipartimento di Salute Mentale e Fisica e Medicina PreventivaUniversità degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli"NaplesItaly
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific DirectionIstituto Nazionale Tumori‐IRCCS‐Fondazione G.PascaleNaplesItaly
| | - Pietro Formisano
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Raffaele Napoli
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Claudia Miele
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Cecilia Nigro
- URT Genomics of Diabetes‐IEOSCNR & Department of Translational Medicine – Federico IIUniversity of NaplesNaplesItaly
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5
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Sheppard AJ, Barfield AM, Barton S, Dong Y. Understanding Reactive Oxygen Species in Bone Regeneration: A Glance at Potential Therapeutics and Bioengineering Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:836764. [PMID: 35198545 PMCID: PMC8859442 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.836764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the complex mechanism by which skeletal tissue heals has been well described, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal tissue regeneration is less understood. It has been widely recognized that a high level of ROS is cytotoxic and inhibits normal cellular processes. However, with more recent discoveries, it is evident that ROS also play an important, positive role in skeletal tissue repair, specifically fracture healing. Thus, dampening ROS levels can potentially inhibit normal healing. On the same note, pathologically high levels of ROS cause a sharp decline in osteogenesis and promote nonunion in fracture repair. This delicate balance complicates the efforts of therapeutic and engineering approaches that aim to modulate ROS for improved tissue healing. The physiologic role of ROS is dependent on a multitude of factors, and it is important for future efforts to consider these complexities. This review first discusses how ROS influences vital signaling pathways involved in the fracture healing response, including how they affect angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation. The latter half glances at the current approaches to control ROS for improved skeletal tissue healing, including medicinal approaches, cellular engineering, and enhanced tissue scaffolds. This review aims to provide a nuanced view of the effects of ROS on bone fracture healing which will inspire novel techniques to optimize the redox environment for skeletal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Sheppard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Ann Marie Barfield
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Shane Barton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Yufeng Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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6
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Shin HR, Kim BS, Kim HJ, Yoon H, Kim WJ, Choi JY, Ryoo HM. Excessive osteoclast activation by osteoblast paracrine factor RANKL is a major cause of the abnormal long bone phenotype in Apert syndrome model mice. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2155-2168. [PMID: 35048384 PMCID: PMC9303724 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling pathway plays important roles in the development and growth of the skeleton. Apert syndrome caused by gain‐of‐function mutations of FGFR2 results in aberrant phenotypes of the skull, midface, and limbs. Although short limbs are representative features in patients with Apert syndrome, the causative mechanism for this limb defect has not been elucidated. Here we quantitatively confirmed decreases in the bone length, bone mineral density, and bone thickness in the Apert syndrome model of gene knock‐in Fgfr2S252W/+ (EIIA‐Fgfr2S252W/+) mice. Interestingly, despite these bone defects, histological analysis showed that the endochondral ossification process in the mutant mice was similar to that in wild‐type mice. Tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase staining revealed that trabecular bone loss in mutant mice was associated with excessive osteoclast activity despite accelerated osteogenic differentiation. We investigated the osteoblast–osteoclast interaction and found that the increase in osteoclast activity was due to an increase in the Rankl level of osteoblasts in mutant mice and not enhanced osteoclastogenesis driven by the activation of FGFR2 signaling in bone marrow‐derived macrophages. Consistently, Col1a1‐Fgfr2S252W/+ mice, which had osteoblast‐specific expression of Fgfr2 S252W, showed significant bone loss with a reduction of the bone length and excessive activity of osteoclasts was observed in the mutant mice. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that the imbalance in osteoblast and osteoclast coupling by abnormally increased Rankl expression in Fgfr2S252W/+ mutant osteoblasts is a major causative mechanism for bone loss and short long bones in Fgfr2S252W/+ mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Rim Shin
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heein Yoon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Je-Yong Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Skeletal Disease Analysis Center, Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center (KMPC), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Mo Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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7
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Lehmann J, Narcisi R, Franceschini N, Chatzivasileiou D, Boer CG, Koevoet WJLM, Putavet D, Drabek D, van Haperen R, de Keizer PLJ, van Osch GJVM, Ten Berge D. WNT/beta-catenin signalling interrupts a senescence-induction cascade in human mesenchymal stem cells that restricts their expansion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:82. [PMID: 35048158 PMCID: PMC8770385 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Senescence, the irreversible cell cycle arrest of damaged cells, is accompanied by a deleterious pro-inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescence and the SASP are major factors in aging, cancer, and degenerative diseases, and interfere with the expansion of adult cells in vitro, yet little is known about how to counteract their induction and deleterious effects. Paracrine signals are increasingly recognized as important senescence triggers and understanding their regulation and mode of action may provide novel opportunities to reduce senescence-induced inflammation and improve cell-based therapies. Here, we show that the signalling protein WNT3A counteracts the induction of paracrine senescence in cultured human adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We find that entry into senescence in a small subpopulation of MSCs triggers a secretome that causes a feed-forward signalling cascade that with increasing speed induces healthy cells into senescence. WNT signals interrupt this cascade by repressing cytokines that mediate this induction of senescence. Inhibition of those mediators by interference with NF-κB or interleukin 6 signalling reduced paracrine senescence in absence of WNT3A and promoted the expansion of MSCs. Our work reveals how WNT signals can antagonize senescence and has relevance not only for expansion of adult cells but can also provide new insights into senescence-associated inflammatory and degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Lehmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Section Molecular Cancer Research, Division LAB, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Narcisi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja Franceschini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danai Chatzivasileiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy G Boer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy J L M Koevoet
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Putavet
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Section Molecular Cancer Research, Division LAB, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dubravka Drabek
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Harbour Biomed, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rien van Haperen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Harbour Biomed, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter L J de Keizer
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Section Molecular Cancer Research, Division LAB, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Derk Ten Berge
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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8
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Mi L, Hu J, Li N, Gao J, Huo R, Peng X, Zhang N, Liu Y, Zhao H, Liu R, Zhang L, Xu K. The Mechanism of Stem Cell Aging. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1281-1293. [PMID: 35000109 PMCID: PMC9033730 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10317-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have self-renewal ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. They have tissue repair capabilities and are essential for maintaining the tissue homeostasis. The depletion of stem cells is closely related to the occurrence of body aging and aging-related diseases. Therefore, revealing the molecular mechanisms of stem cell aging will set new directions for the therapeutic application of stem cells, the study of aging mechanisms, and the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases. This review comprehensively describes the molecular mechanisms related to stem cell aging and provides the basis for further investigations aimed at developing new anti-stem cell aging strategies and promoting the clinical application of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Mi
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Junping Hu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jinfang Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Rongxiu Huo
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Xinyue Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Hanxi Zhao
- Silc Business School, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ruiling Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Department of Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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9
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Yi J, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Chen X, Qi R, Liang R, Wang Y, Wang F, Zhong Y, Zhang X, Chin G, Liu Q, Zhou W, Liu H, Chen J, Ouyang H. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:552-565. [PMID: 35511745 PMCID: PMC9154331 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used as functional components in tissue engineering. However, the immunogenicity and limited pro-angiogenic efficacy of MSCs greatly limited their pro-regenerative ability in allogenic treatment. Herein, utilizing a chemically defined cocktail in the culture system, including cytokines, small molecules, structural protein, and other essential components, we generated the immunoprivileged and pro-angiogenic cells (IACs) derived from human adipose tissues. Conventional adipose-derived MSCs (cADSCs) were used as a control in all the experiments. IACs show typical MSC properties with enhanced stemness capacity and a robust safety profile. IACs induce a significantly milder immune response of allogenic peripheral blood mononuclear cells in an H3K27me3-HLA axis-dependent manner. IACs, through superior paracrine effects, further promote nitric oxide production, anti-apoptotic ability, and the tube formation of human vein endothelial cells. Embedded in a photo-reactive hydrogel (Gel) termed as GelMA/HA-NB/LAP for tissue engineering treatment, IACs promote faster tissue regeneration in a xenogeneic full-thickness skin defect model, eliciting a milder immune response and enhanced blood vessel formation in IACs-treated defect areas. Together with its excellent pro-regenerative potential and robust safety, our findings suggest that IACs may be a promising candidate for clinically relevant stem cell and tissue engineering therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Yi
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuri Chen
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rujie Qi
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Renjie Liang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuliang Zhong
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianzhu Zhang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Grace Chin
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Liu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiansong Chen Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding authors: Hongwei Ouyang, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China.
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10
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Guo X, Wang J, Zou W, Wei W, Guan X, Liu J. Exploring microenvironment strategies to delay mesenchymal stem cell senescence. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 31:38-52. [PMID: 34913751 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently emerged as an important candidate for cell therapy and tissue regeneration. However, some limitations in translational research and therapies still exist, such as insufficient cell supply, inadequate differentiation potential, and decreased immune capacity, all of which result from replicative senescence during long-term in vitro culture. In vitro, stem cells lack a protective microenvironment owing to the absence of physical and biochemical cues compared with the in vivo niche, which provides dynamic physicochemical and biological cues. This difference results in accelerated aging after long-term in vitro culture. Therefore, it remains a great challenge to delay replicative senescence in culture. Constructing a microenvironment to delay replicative senescence of MSCs by maintaining their phenotypes, properties, and functions is a feasible strategy to solve this problem and has made measurable progress both in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Here, we review the current knowledge on the characteristics of senescent MSCs, explore the molecular mechanisms of MSCs senescence, describe the niche of MSCs, and discuss some current microenvironment strategies to delay MSCs replicative senescence that can broaden their range of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunhui Guo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 74710, Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, Dalian, China;
| | - Jiayi Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 74710, Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, Dalian, Dalian, China;
| | - Wei Zou
- Liaoning Normal University, 66523, College of Life Sciences, Dalian, China;
| | - Wenjuan Wei
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 74710, Dalian, China, 116011;
| | - Xin Guan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 74710, Dalian, China, 116011;
| | - Jing Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 74710, Dalian, China, 116011;
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11
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Rajagopal K, Ramesh S, Madhuri V. Early Addition of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide Regulates the Hypertrophic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cartilage 2021; 13:143S-152S. [PMID: 31896268 PMCID: PMC8804866 DOI: 10.1177/1947603519894727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into hyaline cartilage is complicated by terminal hypertrophic differentiation. In growth plate, parathyroid hormone-related peptide (1-34) (PTHrP) plays a crucial role in maintaining chondrocytes in their proliferation state by counteracting the hypertrophic differentiation. This study aims to test the effect of PTHrP supplementation at different time points on chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and assess the final quality of differentiated chondrocytes. METHODS Human periosteum and bone marrow MSCs isolated from 3 patient samples (donor unmatched) were characterized by flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation. The cells were differentiated into chondrocytes in the presence of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and the PTHrP (1-34) was added from 4th or 14th day of culture. The outcome was analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression. RESULTS Flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation confirmed that the cells isolated from periosteum and bone marrow exhibited the phenotype of MSCs. During chondrogenic differentiation, pellets that received PTHrP from the 4th day of culture showed a significant reduction in hypertrophic markers (COL10A1 and RUNX) than the addition of PTHrP from the 14th day and TGF-β alone treated samples. Furthermore, 4th day supplementation of PTHrP significantly improved the expression of cartilage-specific markers (COL2A1, SOX9, ACAN) in both periosteum and bone marrow-derived MSCs. Histology and immunostaining with collagen type X data corroborated the gene expression outcomes. CONCLUSION The outcome showed that supplementing PTHrP from the 4th day of chondrogenic differentiation produced better chondrocytes with less hypertrophic markers in both bone marrow and periosteal-derived MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Rajagopal
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, a Unit of
InStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu,
India,Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics,
Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowmya Ramesh
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, a Unit of
InStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu,
India,Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics,
Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vrisha Madhuri
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, a Unit of
InStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu,
India,Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics,
Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Vrisha Madhuri, Professor, Department of
Paediatric Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, First Floor, Paul Brand
Building, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Farooq M, Khan AW, Kim MS, Choi S. The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) Signaling in Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113242. [PMID: 34831463 PMCID: PMC8622657 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a large family of secretory molecules that act through tyrosine kinase receptors known as FGF receptors. They play crucial roles in a wide variety of cellular functions, including cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, morphogenesis, and differentiation, as well as in tissue repair and regeneration. The signaling pathways regulated by FGFs include RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)–protein kinase B (AKT), phospholipase C gamma (PLCγ), and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT). To date, 22 FGFs have been discovered, involved in different functions in the body. Several FGFs directly or indirectly interfere with repair during tissue regeneration, in addition to their critical functions in the maintenance of pluripotency and dedifferentiation of stem cells. In this review, we summarize the roles of FGFs in diverse cellular processes and shed light on the importance of FGF signaling in mechanisms of tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Farooq
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (M.F.); (A.W.K.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Abdul Waheed Khan
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (M.F.); (A.W.K.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Moon Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (M.F.); (A.W.K.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Sangdun Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (M.F.); (A.W.K.); (M.S.K.)
- S&K Therapeutics, Ajou University Campus Plaza 418, 199 Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16502, Korea
- Correspondence:
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13
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Li A, Guo F, Pan Q, Chen S, Chen J, Liu HF, Pan Q. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy: Hope for Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:728190. [PMID: 34659214 PMCID: PMC8516390 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.728190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. Although previous studies have demonstrated that SLE is related to the imbalance of cells in the immune system, including B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells, etc., the mechanisms underlying SLE pathogenesis remain unclear. Therefore, effective and low side-effect therapies for SLE are lacking. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for autoimmune diseases, particularly SLE, has gained increasing attention. This therapy can improve the signs and symptoms of refractory SLE by promoting the proliferation of Th2 and Treg cells and inhibiting the activity of Th1, Th17, and B cells, etc. However, MSC therapy is also reported ineffective in some patients with SLE, which may be related to MSC- or patient-derived factors. Therefore, the therapeutic effects of MSCs should be further confirmed. This review summarizes the status of MSC therapy in refractory SLE treatment and potential reasons for the ineffectiveness of MSC therapy from three perspectives. We propose various MSC modification methods that may be beneficial in enhancing the immunosuppression of MSCs in SLE. However, their safety and protective effects in patients with SLE still need to be confirmed by further experimental and clinical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Fengbiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Quanren Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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14
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Yang J, Liu M, Hong D, Zeng M, Zhang X. The Paradoxical Role of Cellular Senescence in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722205. [PMID: 34458273 PMCID: PMC8388842 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence occurs in proliferating cells as a consequence of various triggers including telomere shortening, DNA damage, and inappropriate expression of oncogenes. The senescent state is accompanied by failure to reenter the cell cycle under mitotic stimulation, resistance to cell death and enhanced secretory phenotype. A growing number of studies have convincingly demonstrated a paradoxical role for spontaneous senescence and therapy-induced senescence (TIS), that senescence may involve both cancer prevention and cancer aggressiveness. Cellular senescence was initially described as a physiological suppressor mechanism of tumor cells, because cancer development requires cell proliferation. However, there is growing evidence that senescent cells may contribute to oncogenesis, partly in a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-dependent manner. On the one hand, SASP prevents cell division and promotes immune clearance of damaged cells, thereby avoiding tumor development. On the other hand, SASP contributes to tumor progression and relapse through creating an immunosuppressive environment. In this review, we performed a review to summarize both bright and dark sides of senescence in cancer, and the strategies to handle senescence in cancer therapy were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongchun Hong
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Musheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Leek CC, Soulas JM, Bhattacharya I, Ganji E, Locke RC, Smith MC, Bhavsar JD, Polson SW, Ornitz DM, Killian ML. Deletion of Fibroblast growth factor 9 globally and in skeletal muscle results in enlarged tuberosities at sites of deltoid tendon attachments. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:1778-1795. [PMID: 34091985 PMCID: PMC8639753 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth of most bony tuberosities, like the deltoid tuberosity (DT), rely on the transmission of muscle forces at the tendon-bone attachment during skeletal growth. Tuberosities distribute muscle forces and provide mechanical leverage at attachment sites for joint stability and mobility. The genetic factors that regulate tuberosity growth remain largely unknown. In mouse embryos with global deletion of fibroblast growth factor 9 (Fgf9), the DT size is notably enlarged. In this study, we explored the tissue-specific regulation of DT size using both global and targeted deletion of Fgf9. RESULTS We showed that cell hypertrophy and mineralization dynamics of the DT, as well as transcriptional signatures from skeletal muscle but not bone, were influenced by the global loss of Fgf9. Loss of Fgf9 during embryonic growth led to increased chondrocyte hypertrophy and reduced cell proliferation at the DT attachment site. This endured hypertrophy and limited proliferation may explain the abnormal mineralization patterns and locally dysregulated expression of markers of endochondral development in Fgf9null attachments. We then showed that targeted deletion of Fgf9 in skeletal muscle leads to postnatal enlargement of the DT. CONCLUSION Taken together, we discovered that Fgf9 may play an influential role in muscle-bone cross-talk during embryonic and postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor C Leek
- College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Soulas
- College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Iman Bhattacharya
- College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Elahe Ganji
- College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ryan C Locke
- College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Megan C Smith
- College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jaysheel D Bhavsar
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Shawn W Polson
- College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Megan L Killian
- College of Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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16
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Iwata T, Mizuno N, Ishida S, Kajiya M, Nagahara T, Kaneda-Ikeda E, Yoshioka M, Munenaga S, Ouhara K, Fujita T, Kawaguchi H, Kurihara H. Functional Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence During Cell Passages. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:321-336. [PMID: 33559812 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00969-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is an effective periodontal regenerative therapy. MSCs are multipotent, have self-renewal ability, and can differentiate into periodontal cells. However, senescence is inevitable for MSCs. In vitro, cell senescence can be induced by long-term culture with/without cell passage. However, the regulatory mechanism of MSC senescence remains unclear. Undifferentiated MSC-specific transcription factors can regulate MSC function. Herein, we identified the regulatory transcription factors involved in MSC senescence and elucidated their mechanisms of action. We cultured human MSCs (hMSCs) with repetitive cell passages to induce cell senescence and evaluated the mRNA and protein expression of cell senescence-related genes. Additionally, we silenced the cell senescence-induced transcription factors, GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6) and SRY-box 11 (SOX11), and investigated senescence-related signaling pathways. With repeated passages, the number of senescent cells increased, while the cell proliferation capacity decreased; GATA6 mRNA expression was upregulated and that of SOX11 was downregulated. Repetitive cell passages decreased Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway-related gene expression. Silencing of GATA6 and SOX11 regulated Wnt and BMP signaling pathway-related genes and affected cell senescence-related genes; moreover, SOX11 silencing regulated GATA6 expression. Hence, we identified them as pair of regulatory transcription factors for cell senescence in hMSCs via the Wnt and BMP signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - N Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - S Ishida
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - M Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - T Nagahara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - E Kaneda-Ikeda
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - M Yoshioka
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - S Munenaga
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - K Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - T Fujita
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - H Kawaguchi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- Department of General Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - H Kurihara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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17
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Rajagopal K, Madhuri V. Comparing the chondrogenic potential of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells derived from the infrapatellar fat pad, periosteum & bone marrow. Indian J Med Res 2021; 154:732-742. [PMID: 35532591 PMCID: PMC9210523 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_93_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Rabbit model is commonly used to demonstrate the proof of concept in cartilage tissue engineering. However, limited studies have attempted to find an ideal source of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cartilage repair. This study aimed to compare the in vitro chondrogenic potential of rabbit MSCs isolated from three sources namely infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), periosteum (P) and bone marrow (BM). Methods: Rabbit MSCs from three sources were isolated and characterized using flow cytometry and multi-lineage differentiation assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using trypan blue dye exclusion test; in vitro chondrogenic potential was evaluated by histology and gene expression and the outcomes were compared amongst the three MSC sources. Results: MSCs from three sources shared similar morphology and expressed >99 per cent positive for CD44 and CD81 and <3 per cent positive for negative markers CD34, CD90 and human leukocyte antigen – DR isotype (HLA-DR). The BM-MSCs and IFP-MSCs showed significantly higher cell proliferation (P<0.001) than the P-MSCs from passage 4. Histologically, BM-MSCs formed a thicker cartilage pellet (P<0.01) with abundant matrix deposition than IFP and P-MSCs during chondrogenic differentiation. The collagen type 2 staining was significantly (P<0.05) higher in BM-MSCs than the other two sources. These outcomes were further confirmed by gene expression, where the BM-MSCs demonstrated significantly higher expression (P<0.01) of cartilage-specific markers (COL2A1, SOX9 and ACAN) with less hypertrophy. Interpretation & conclusions: This study demonstrated that BM-MSCs had superior chondrogenic potential and generated better cartilage than IFP and P-MSCs in rabbits. Thus, BM-MSCs remain a promising candidate for rabbit articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Rajagopal
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedic; Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vrisha Madhuri
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedic; Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Ren Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Du B, Yang J, Liu L, Zhang Q. Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel with Adjustable Stiffness for Mesenchymal Stem Cell 3D Culture via Related Molecular Mechanisms to Maintain Stemness and Induce Cartilage Differentiation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2601-2613. [PMID: 35014377 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The stemness and differentiation characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in three-dimensional (3D) culture are of great significance for stem cell therapy and cartilage tissue engineering repair. Moreover, due to their mechanical sensitivity, scaffold materials play important roles in various cell behaviors in 3D culture. In this study, the mechanical strength of hydrogel scaffolds was adjusted by changing the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid (HA). It was proven that BMSCs in a low-strength hydrogel could maintain stemness properties by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway for 1 week, while the high-molecular-weight hydrogel with a higher mechanical strength had the potential to promote the direction of cartilage differentiation of BMSCs by opening transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4)/Ca2+ molecular channels, also increasing the expression of type II collagen and SOX9 in BMSCs. This research has a certain reference value for the design of biomaterials for BMSCs' delivery in vivo, as well as the formulation of cartilage repair drug delivery programs based on molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Yunping Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Bo Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Lingrong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Qiqing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China.,Fujian Bote Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, P. R. China
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19
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High cut-off dialysis mitigates pro-calcific effects of plasma on vascular progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1144. [PMID: 33441772 PMCID: PMC7807056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80016-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mortality of patients with end-stage renal disease tremendously exceeds that of the general population due to excess cardiovascular morbidity. Large middle-sized molecules (LMM) including pro-inflammatory cytokines are major drivers of uremic cardiovascular toxicity and cannot be removed sufficiently by conventional high-flux (HFL) hemodialysis. We tested the ability of plasma from 19 hemodialysis patients participating in a trial comparing HFL with high cut-off (HCO) membranes facilitating removal of LMM to induce calcification in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) functioning as vascular progenitors. HCO dialysis favorably changed plasma composition resulting in reduced pro-calcific activity. LMM were removed more effectively by HCO dialysis including FGF23, a typical LMM we found to promote osteoblastic differentiation of MSC. Protein-bound uremic retention solutes with known cardiovascular toxicity but not LMM inhibited proliferation of MSC without direct toxicity in screening experiments. We could not attribute the effect of HCO dialysis on MSC calcification to distinct mediators. However, we found evidence of sustained reduced inflammation that might parallel other anti-calcifying mechanisms such as altered generation of extracellular vesicles. Our findings imply protection of MSC from dysfunctional differentiation by novel dialysis techniques targeted at removal of LMM. HCO dialysis might preserve their physiologic role in vascular regeneration and improve outcomes in dialysis patients.
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20
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Chen J, Hendriks M, Chatzis A, Ramasamy SK, Kusumbe AP. Bone Vasculature and Bone Marrow Vascular Niches in Health and Disease. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:2103-2120. [PMID: 32845550 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone vasculature and bone marrow vascular niches supply oxygen, nutrients, and secrete angiocrine factors required for the survival, maintenance, and self-renewal of stem and progenitor cells. In the skeletal system, vasculature creates nurturing niches for bone and blood-forming stem cells. Blood vessels regulate hematopoiesis and drive bone formation during development, repair, and regeneration. Dysfunctional vascular niches induce skeletal aging, bone diseases, and hematological disorders. Recent cellular and molecular characterization of the bone marrow microenvironment has provided unprecedented insights into the complexity, heterogeneity, and functions of the bone vasculature and vascular niches. The bone vasculature is composed of distinct vessel subtypes that differentially regulate osteogenesis, hematopoiesis, and disease conditions in bones. Further, bone marrow vascular niches supporting stem cells are often complex microenvironments involving multiple different cell populations and vessel subtypes. This review provides an overview of the emerging vascular cell heterogeneity in bone and the new roles of the bone vasculature and associated vascular niches in health and disease. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Chen
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michelle Hendriks
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandros Chatzis
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Saravana K Ramasamy
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anjali P Kusumbe
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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21
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Sanjurjo-Rodriguez C, Altaie A, Mastbergen S, Baboolal T, Welting T, Lafeber F, Pandit H, McGonagle D, Jones E. Gene Expression Signatures of Synovial Fluid Multipotent Stromal Cells in Advanced Knee Osteoarthritis and Following Knee Joint Distraction. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:579751. [PMID: 33178674 PMCID: PMC7591809 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.579751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder. Although joint replacement remains the standard of care for knee OA patients, knee joint distraction (KJD), which works by temporarily off-loading the joint for 6–8 weeks, is becoming a novel joint-sparing alternative for younger OA sufferers. The biological mechanisms behind KJD structural improvements remain poorly understood but likely involve joint-resident regenerative cells including multipotent stromal cells (MSCs). In this study, we hypothesized that KJD leads to beneficial cartilage-anabolic and anti-catabolic changes in joint-resident MSCs and investigated gene expression profiles of synovial fluid (SF) MSCs following KJD as compared with baseline. To obtain further insights into the effects of local biomechanics on MSCs present in late OA joints, SF MSC gene expression was studied in a separate OA arthroplasty cohort and compared with subchondral bone (SB) MSCs from medial (more loaded) and lateral (less loaded) femoral condyles from the same joints. In OA arthroplasty cohort (n = 12 patients), SF MSCs expressed lower levels of ossification- and hypotrophy-related genes [bone sialoprotein (IBSP), parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2)] than did SB MSCs. Interestingly, SF MSCs expressed 5- to 50-fold higher levels of transcripts for classical extracellular matrix turnover molecules matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3), all (p < 0.05) potentially indicating greater cartilage remodeling ability of OA SF MSCs, compared with SB MSCs. In KJD cohort (n = 9 patients), joint off-loading resulted in sustained, significant increase in SF MSC colonies’ sizes and densities and a notable transcript upregulation of key cartilage core protein aggrecan (ACAN) (weeks 3 and 6), as well as reduction in pro-inflammatory C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression (weeks 3 and 6). Additionally, early KJD changes (week 3) were marked by significant increases in MSC chondrogenic commitment markers gremlin 1 (GREM1) and growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5). In combination, our results reveal distinct transcriptomes on joint-resident MSCs from different biomechanical environments and show that 6-week joint off-loading leads to transcriptional changes in SF MSCs that may be beneficial for cartilage regeneration. Biomechanical factors should be certainly considered in the development of novel MSC-based therapies for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sanjurjo-Rodriguez
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences department, CIBER-BBN, Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC)-Centre of Advanced Scientific Researches (CICA), University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ala Altaie
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Mastbergen
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Baboolal
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Floris Lafeber
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hemant Pandit
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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22
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Zhou X, Hong Y, Zhang H, Li X. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence and Rejuvenation: Current Status and Challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:364. [PMID: 32582691 PMCID: PMC7283395 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has been intensively investigated and shown promising results in the treatment of various diseases due to their easy isolation, multiple lineage differentiation potential and immunomodulatory effects. To date, hundreds of phase I and II clinical trials using MSCs have been completed and many are ongoing. Accumulating evidence has shown that transplanted allogeneic MSCs lose their beneficial effects due to immunorejection. Nevertheless, the function of autologous MSCs is adversely affected by age, a process termed senescence, thus limiting their therapeutic potential. Despite great advances in knowledge, the potential mechanisms underlying MSC senescence are not entirely clear. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that contribute to MSC senescence is crucial when exploring novel strategies to rejuvenate senescent MSCs. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the biological features of senescent MSCs and the recent progress made regarding the underlying mechanisms including epigenetic changes, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction and telomere shortening. We also summarize the current approaches to rejuvenate senescent MSCs including gene modification and pretreatment strategies. Collectively, rejuvenation of senescent MSCs is a promising strategy to enhance the efficacy of autologous MSC-based therapy, especially in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimei Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Shakya A, Imado E, Nguyen PK, Matsuyama T, Horimoto K, Hirata I, Kato K. Oriented immobilization of basic fibroblast growth factor: Bioengineered surface design for the expansion of human mesenchymal stromal cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8762. [PMID: 32472000 PMCID: PMC7260242 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
E. coli expressed recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) with histidine-tag (bFGF-His) was immobilized onto the surface of a glass plate modified with a Ni(II)-chelated alkanethiol monolayer. The immobilization is expected to take place through the coordination between Ni(II) and His-tag. The bFGF-immobilized surface was exposed to citrate buffer solution to refold in situ the surface-immobilized bFGF. The secondary structure of immobilized bFGF-His was analyzed by solid-phase circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Immortalized human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) were cultured on the bFGF-His-immobilized surface to examine their proliferation. CD spectroscopy revealed that the immobilized bFGF initially exhibited secondary structure rich in α-helix and that the spectrum was gradually transformed to exhibit the formation of β-strands upon exposure to citrate buffer solution, approaching to the spectrum of native bFGF. The rate of hMSC proliferation was 1.2-fold higher on the bFGF-immobilized surface treated with in situ citrate buffer, compared to the polystyrene surface. The immobilized bFGF-His treated in situ with citrate buffer solution seemed to be biologically active because its secondary structure approached its native state. This was well demonstrated by the cell culture experiments. From these results we conclude that immobilization of bFGF on the culture substrate serves to enhance proliferation of hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Shakya
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eiji Imado
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Phuong Kim Nguyen
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Tamamo Matsuyama
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kotaro Horimoto
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Isao Hirata
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Department of Biomaterials, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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24
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Horton ER, Vallmajo‐Martin Q, Martin I, Snedeker JG, Ehrbar M, Blache U. Extracellular Matrix Production by Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Hydrogels Facilitates Cell Spreading and Is Inhibited by FGF-2. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901669. [PMID: 32129003 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In native tissues, the interaction between cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) is reciprocal, as cells not only receive signals from the ECM but also actively remodel it through secretion of cell-derived ECM. However, very little is known about the reciprocal interaction between cells and their secreted ECM within synthetic biomaterials that mimic the ECM for use in engineering of tissues for regenerative medicine or as tissue models. Here, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels with fully defined biomaterial properties are used to investigate the emerging role of cell-derived ECM on culture outcomes. It is shown that human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) secrete ECM proteins into the pericellular space early after encapsulation and that, even in the absence of material-presented cell adhesion motifs, cell-derived fibronectin enables cell spreading. Then, it is investigated how different culture conditions influence MSC ECM expression in hydrogels. Most strikingly, it is found by RNA sequencing that the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) changes ECM gene expression and, in particular, decreases the expression of structural ECM components including fibrillar collagens. In summary, this work shows that cell-derived ECM is a guiding cue in 3D hydrogels and that FGF-2 is a potentially important ECM regulator within bioengineered cell and tissue systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R. Horton
- Biotech Research and Innovation CentreUniversity of Copenhagen Copenhagen 2200 Denmark
| | - Queralt Vallmajo‐Martin
- Department of ObstetricsUniversity and University Hospital of Zürich Zürich 8091 Switzerland
- Institute of BioengineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity Hospital BaselUniversity of Basel Basel 4031 Switzerland
| | - Jess G. Snedeker
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH Zürich Zürich 8092 Switzerland
- Balgrist University HospitalUniversity of Zürich Zürich 8008 Switzerland
| | - Martin Ehrbar
- Department of ObstetricsUniversity and University Hospital of Zürich Zürich 8091 Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Blache
- Department of ObstetricsUniversity and University Hospital of Zürich Zürich 8091 Switzerland
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH Zürich Zürich 8092 Switzerland
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25
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Chen L, Fukuda N, Shimizu S, Kobayashi H, Tanaka S, Nakamura Y, Matsumoto T, Abe M. Role of complement 3 in renin generation during the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C981-C990. [PMID: 32208992 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00461.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We showed that increased expression of complement 3 (C3) induces dedifferentiation of mesenchymal cells and epithelial mesenchymal transition, which activate the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) that contributes to cardiovascular and renal remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). In the present study, to investigate contributions of C3 to the development of the pathogenesis of hypertension, we evaluated the formation of renin-producing cells and roles of C3 in renin generation during differentiation of primary bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from C57BL/6 mice, Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, and SHRs to smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with transforming growth factor-β1. The expression of renin transiently increased with increases in transcription factor liver X receptor α (LXRα), and expression of C3 and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) increased during differentiation of MSCs from C57BL/6 mice, WKY rats, and SHRs to SMCs. Exogenous C3a stimulated renin and LXRα expression accompanied by nuclear translocation of LXRα. C3a receptor antagonist SB290157 suppressed renin and LXRα expression, with inhibition of nuclear translocation of LXRα during the differentiation of mouse MSCs to SMCs. The expression of C3 and KLF5 was significantly higher in the differentiated cells from SHRs compared with the cells from WKY rats during differentiation. Renin-producing cells were formed during differentiation of MSCs to SMCs, and renin generation was observed in undifferentiated SMCs, in which transient expression of renin in the differentiated cells with lower differentiation stage was stronger from SHRs than that from WKY rats. Expression and nuclear localization of LXRα in the differentiated cells from SHRs were stronger than that from WKY rats. C3 was important in forming and maintaining this undifferentiated state of SMCs from MSCs to generate renin with increases in transcription factor LXRα and KLF5. Increases in C3 expression maintain the undifferentiated state of SMCs from MSCs to generate renin that activates RAS and contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Center, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichi Shimizu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Tanaka
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakamura
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Matsumoto
- Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Barinda AJ, Ikeda K, Nugroho DB, Wardhana DA, Sasaki N, Honda S, Urata R, Matoba S, Hirata KI, Emoto N. Endothelial progeria induces adipose tissue senescence and impairs insulin sensitivity through senescence associated secretory phenotype. Nat Commun 2020; 11:481. [PMID: 31980643 PMCID: PMC6981212 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14387-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular senescence is thought to play a crucial role in an ageing-associated decline of organ functions; however, whether vascular senescence is causally implicated in age-related disease remains unclear. Here we show that endothelial cell (EC) senescence induces metabolic disorders through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Senescence-messaging secretomes from senescent ECs induced a senescence-like state and reduced insulin receptor substrate-1 in adipocytes, which thereby impaired insulin signaling. We generated EC-specific progeroid mice that overexpressed the dominant negative form of telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 under the control of the Tie2 promoter. EC-specific progeria impaired systemic metabolic health in mice in association with adipose tissue dysfunction even while consuming normal chow. Notably, shared circulation with EC-specific progeroid mice by parabiosis sufficiently transmitted the metabolic disorders into wild-type recipient mice. Our data provides direct evidence that EC senescence impairs systemic metabolic health, and thus establishes EC senescence as a bona fide risk for age-related metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agian Jeffilano Barinda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakitamachi, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya 6, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Koji Ikeda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakitamachi, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Dhite Bayu Nugroho
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakitamachi, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Donytra Arby Wardhana
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakitamachi, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Naoto Sasaki
- Laboratory of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakitamachi, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Sakiko Honda
- Department of Cardiology, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ryota Urata
- Department of Cardiology, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Satoaki Matoba
- Department of Cardiology, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki, Chuo, Kobe, 6500017, Japan
| | - Noriaki Emoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakitamachi, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki, Chuo, Kobe, 6500017, Japan
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27
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Yao L, Yu F, Xu Y, Wang Y, Zuo Y, Wang C, Ye L. DNA damage response manages cell cycle restriction of senile multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:809-818. [PMID: 31664596 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs) are promising to treat a variety of traumatic and degenerative diseases. However, in vitro-passage aging induces cell cycle arrest and a series of genetic and biological changes, which greatly limits ex vivo cell number expansion and further clinical application of MMSCs. In most cases, DNA damage and DNA damage response (DDR) act as the main cause and executor of cellular senescence respectively. Mechanistically, DNA damage signals induce cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair via DDR. If the DNA damage is indelible, MMSCs would entry into a permanent cell cycle arrest. It should be noted that apart from DDR signaling, certain proliferation or metabolism pathways are also occupied in DNA damage related cell cycle arrest. New findings of these aspects will also be summarized in this study. In summary, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of DDR associated cell cycle regulation and other major molecular signaling in the senescence of MMSCs. Above knowledge could contribute to improve the limited capacity of in vitro expansion of MMSCs, and then promote their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fanyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yining Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yitian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanqin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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McKenzie J, Smith C, Karuppaiah K, Langberg J, Silva MJ, Ornitz DM. Osteocyte Death and Bone Overgrowth in Mice Lacking Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors 1 and 2 in Mature Osteoblasts and Osteocytes. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:1660-1675. [PMID: 31206783 PMCID: PMC6744314 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathways have well-established roles in skeletal development, with essential functions in both chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. In mice, previous conditional knockout studies suggested distinct roles for FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) signaling at different stages of osteogenesis and a role for FGFR2 in osteoblast maturation. However, the potential for redundancy among FGFRs and the mechanisms and consequences of stage-specific osteoblast lineage regulation were not addressed. Here, we conditionally inactivate Fgfr1 and Fgfr2 in mature osteoblasts with an Osteocalcin (OC)-Cre or Dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1)-CreER driver. We find that young mice lacking both receptors or only FGFR1 are phenotypically normal. However, between 6 and 12 weeks of age, OC-Cre Fgfr1/Fgfr2 double- and Fgfr1 single-conditional knockout mice develop a high bone mass phenotype with increased periosteal apposition, increased and disorganized endocortical bone with increased porosity, and biomechanical properties that reflect increased bone mass but impaired material properties. Histopathological and gene expression analyses show that this phenotype is preceded by a striking loss of osteocytes and accompanied by activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These data identify a role for FGFR1 signaling in mature osteoblasts/osteocytes that is directly or indirectly required for osteocyte survival and regulation of bone mass during postnatal bone growth. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer McKenzie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Craig Smith
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kannan Karuppaiah
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua Langberg
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew J Silva
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David M Ornitz
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Abdel Moniem EM, El-Batran MM, Halawa AM, Gomaa DH, Eldeen GN, Aly RM. Optimizing a serum-free/xeno-free culture medium for culturing and promoting the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:15. [PMID: 31304181 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.06.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) hold great promise for utilization in tissue repair and regenerative medicine. Routinely, culture media used for culturing stem cells are supplemented with animal serum for promoting growth and successful maintenance of stem cells. However, there is a growing demand for optimizing a well-defined culture media that could safely increase the efficacy and reproducibility of the cultured cells. In this study, we aimed at optimizing a serum-free/xeno-free culture medium. Methods A cocktail of various supplements intended to enrich DPSCs proliferation in defined concentrations was designed. It consisted of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (hbFGF), insulin transferrin selenium (ITS), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), Beta mercaptoethanol and cholesterol. The effect of this optimized media on the proliferation of DPSCs was assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis (FACS) of early apoptotic marker annexin V. Expression of stemness-related genes (OCT4, SOX and NANOG) was assessed by qRT-PCR. Results Proliferation results by MTT illustrated a significant increase in the proliferation rate of DPSCs cultured in the proposed media. FACS analysis of annexin V expression was nil. Expression of OCT4, SOX and NANOG genes was also up-regulated. Conclusions The proposed combination of supplements utilized in the proposed culture media successfully increased the proliferation potential of DPSCs in addition to enhancing the stemness properties. Thus, it can be considered a promising and safe substitute to traditional animal derived supplements like fetal bovine serum (FBS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Mohamed Abdel Moniem
- Department of Basic Dental Science, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Mahmoud El-Batran
- Department of Basic Dental Science, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mahmoud Halawa
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Hazem Gomaa
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Nour Eldeen
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riham Mohamed Aly
- Department of Basic Dental Science, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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30
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling in pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1875. [PMID: 30755670 PMCID: PMC6372586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The FGF receptor signaling pathway is recurrently involved in the leukemogenic processes. Oncogenic fusions of FGFR1 with various fusion partners were described in myeloid proliferative neoplasms, and overexpression and mutations of FGFR3 are common in multiple myeloma. In addition, fibroblast growth factors are abundant in the bone marrow, and they were shown to enhance the survival of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Here we investigate the effect of FGFR stimulation on pediatric BCP-ALL cells in vitro, and search for mutations with deep targeted next-generation sequencing of mutational hotspots in FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3. In 481 primary BCP-ALL cases, 28 samples from 19 unique relapsed BCP-ALL cases, and twelve BCP-ALL cell lines we found that mutations are rare (4/481 = 0.8%, 0/28 and 0/12) and do not affect codons which are frequently mutated in other malignancies. However, recombinant ligand FGF2 reduced the response to prednisolone in several BCP-ALL cell lines in vitro. We therefore conclude that FGFR signaling can contribute to prednisolone resistance in BCP-ALL cells, but that activating mutations in this receptor tyrosine kinase family are very rare.
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31
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Javidi-Sharifi N, Martinez J, English I, Joshi SK, Scopim-Ribeiro R, Viola SK, Edwards DK, Agarwal A, Lopez C, Jorgens D, Tyner JW, Druker BJ, Traer E. FGF2-FGFR1 signaling regulates release of Leukemia-Protective exosomes from bone marrow stromal cells. eLife 2019; 8:e40033. [PMID: 30720426 PMCID: PMC6363389 DOI: 10.7554/elife.40033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective signaling from the leukemia microenvironment leads to leukemia cell persistence, development of resistance, and disease relapse. Here, we demonstrate that fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) from bone marrow stromal cells is secreted in exosomes, which are subsequently endocytosed by leukemia cells, and protect leukemia cells from tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Expression of FGF2 and its receptor, FGFR1, are both increased in a subset of stromal cell lines and primary AML stroma; and increased FGF2/FGFR1 signaling is associated with increased exosome secretion. FGFR inhibition (or gene silencing) interrupts stromal autocrine growth and significantly decreases secretion of FGF2-containing exosomes, resulting in less stromal protection of leukemia cells. Likewise, Fgf2 -/- mice transplanted with retroviral BCR-ABL leukemia survive significantly longer than their +/+ counterparts when treated with TKI. Thus, inhibition of FGFR can modulate stromal function, reduce exosome secretion, and may be a therapeutic option to overcome resistance to TKIs. Editorial note This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline Martinez
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Isabel English
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Sunil K Joshi
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | | | - Shelton K Viola
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - David K Edwards
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Anupriya Agarwal
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Claudia Lopez
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Center for Spatial Systems BiomedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Danielle Jorgens
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Center for Spatial Systems BiomedicineOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer BiologyOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
| | - Brian J Druker
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteChevy ChaseUnited States
| | - Elie Traer
- Knight Cancer InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
- Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandUnited States
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Abdallah BM, Alzahrani AM, Abdel-Moneim AM, Ditzel N, Kassem M. A simple and reliable protocol for long-term culture of murine bone marrow stromal (mesenchymal) stem cells that retained their in vitro and in vivo stemness in long-term culture. Biol Proced Online 2019; 21:3. [PMID: 30733647 PMCID: PMC6357407 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-019-0091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow derived stromal stem cells (BMSCs) are a clonogenic cell population that is characterized by self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential into osteoblasts, and other mesenchymal cell types. Mouse BMSCs (mBMSCs) are difficult to be cultured and propagated in vitro due to their replicative senescent phenotype, heterogeneity and high contamination with plastic adherent hematopoietic progenitors (HPCs). In this study, we described long-term culture of homogenous population of mBMSCs using simple and highly reproducible approach based on frequent subculturing (FS) at fixed split ratio in the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). RESULTS Cultured mBMSCs using this protocol (mBMSCs-FS) showed long-term survival in culture > 70 population doubling (PD) and retained their characteristic surface markers and differentiation capacity into osteoblast and adipocyte lineages. When compared to the clonal bone marrow-derived cell line ST2, mBMSCs-FS displayed more enhanced osteoblast differentiation potential and responsiveness to osteogenic factors including BMPs, IGF-1, PDGF, TGFβ1,3, FGF, cAMP, Wnt3a and VEGF. In addition, unlike ST2 cells, mBMSCs-FS maintained capacity to form ectopic bone and bone marrow stroma upon in vivo transplantation in immune-compromising mice, even at high PD levels. Interestingly, by applying the same FS + bFGF protocol, we succeeded to obtain long-term cultures of primary neonatal calvarial osteoprogenitor cells (OBs) that were cultured for more than 70 PD and maintained in vitro and in vivo osteoblast differentiation capacities. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide a simple and reliable protocol for generating long-term cultures of mBMSCs and OBs with retained high in vitro and in vivo osteoblast differentiation capacities for use in pre-clinical and molecular mechanism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem M. Abdallah
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia
- Endocrine Research (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Abdullah M. Alzahrani
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf M. Abdel-Moneim
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nicholas Ditzel
- Endocrine Research (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Endocrine Research (KMEB), Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, DanStem (Danish Stem Cell Center), Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Mahmoud M, Abu-Shahba N, Azmy O, El-Badri N. Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Biology and Functionality: Implications for Autologous Transplantation. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 15:194-217. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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34
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Liu S, Stroncek DF, Zhao Y, Chen V, Shi R, Chen J, Ren J, Liu H, Bae HJ, Highfill SL, Jin P. Single cell sequencing reveals gene expression signatures associated with bone marrow stromal cell subpopulations and time in culture. J Transl Med 2019; 17:23. [PMID: 30635013 PMCID: PMC6330466 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are a heterogeneous population that participates in wound healing, immune modulation and tissue regeneration. Next generation sequencing was used to analyze transcripts from single BMSCs in order to better characterize BMSC subpopulations. Methods Cryopreserved passage 2 BMSCs from one healthy subject were cultured through passage 10. The transcriptomes of bulk BMSCs from designated passages were analyzed with microarrays and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). For some passages, single BMSCs were separated using microfluidics and their transcriptomes were analyzed by RNA-Seq. Results Transcriptome analysis by microarray and RNA-Seq of unseparated BMSCs from passages 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 and 10 yielded similar results; both data sets grouped passages 4 and 6 and passages 9 and 10 together and genes differentially expressed among these early and late passage BMSCs were similar. 3D Diffusion map visualization of single BMSCs from passages 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9 clustered passages 3 and 9 into two distinct groups, but there was considerable overlap for passages 4, 6 and 8 cells. Markers for early passage, FGFR2, and late passage BMSCs, PLAT, were able to identify three subpopulations within passage 3 BMSCs; one that expressed high levels of FGFR2 and low levels of PLAT; one that expressed low levels of FGFR2 and high levels of PLAT and one that expressed intermediate levels of FGFR2 and low levels of PLAT. Conclusions Single BMSCs can be separated by microfluidics and their transcriptome analyzed by next generation sequencing. Single cell analysis of early passage BMSCs identified a subpopulation of cells expressing high levels of FGFR2 that might include skeletal stem cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1766-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Liu
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - David F Stroncek
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA.
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Victoria Chen
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Rongye Shi
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- Center for Human Immunology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiaqiang Ren
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Hui Liu
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Hee Joon Bae
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Steven L Highfill
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Ping Jin
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
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Wang Y, Chen S, Yan Z, Pei M. A prospect of cell immortalization combined with matrix microenvironmental optimization strategy for tissue engineering and regeneration. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:7. [PMID: 30627420 PMCID: PMC6321683 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a major hurdle for primary cell-based tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Telomere erosion, oxidative stress, the expression of oncogenes and the loss of tumor suppressor genes all may account for the cellular senescence process with the involvement of various signaling pathways. To establish immortalized cell lines for research and clinical use, strategies have been applied including internal genomic or external matrix microenvironment modification. Considering the potential risks of malignant transformation and tumorigenesis of genetic manipulation, environmental modification methods, especially the decellularized cell-deposited extracellular matrix (dECM)-based preconditioning strategy, appear to be promising for tissue engineering-aimed cell immortalization. Due to few review articles focusing on this topic, this review provides a summary of cell senescence and immortalization and discusses advantages and limitations of tissue engineering and regeneration with the use of immortalized cells as well as a potential rejuvenation strategy through combination with the dECM approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- 1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196 USA.,2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Song Chen
- 3Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, 610083 Sichuan China
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Ming Pei
- 1Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, PO Box 9196, 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506-9196 USA.,4WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA
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Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) are expressed throughout all stages of skeletal development. In the limb bud and in cranial mesenchyme, FGF signaling is important for formation of mesenchymal condensations that give rise to bone. Once skeletal elements are initiated and patterned, FGFs regulate both endochondral and intramembranous ossification programs. In this chapter, we review functions of the FGF signaling pathway during these critical stages of skeletogenesis, and explore skeletal malformations in humans that are caused by mutations in FGF signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
| | - Pierre J Marie
- UMR-1132 Inserm (Institut national de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) and University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
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Efremov YR, Proskurina AS, Potter EA, Dolgova EV, Efremova OV, Taranov OS, Ostanin AA, Chernykh ER, Kolchanov NA, Bogachev SS. Cancer Stem Cells: Emergent Nature of Tumor Emergency. Front Genet 2018; 9:544. [PMID: 30505319 PMCID: PMC6250818 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional analysis of 167 genes overexpressed in Krebs-2 tumor initiating cells was performed. In the first part of the study, the genes were analyzed for their belonging to one or more of the three groups, which represent the three major phenotypic manifestation of malignancy of cancer cells, namely (1) proliferative self-sufficiency, (2) invasive growth and metastasis, and (3) multiple drug resistance. 96 genes out of 167 were identified as possible contributors to at least one of these fundamental properties. It was also found that substantial part of these genes are also known as genes responsible for formation and/or maintenance of the stemness of normal pluri-/multipotent stem cells. These results suggest that the malignancy is simply the ability to maintain the stem cell specific genes expression profile, and, as a consequence, the stemness itself regardless of the controlling effect of stem niches. In the second part of the study, three stress factors combined into the single concept of "generalized cellular stress," which are assumed to activate the expression of these genes, were defined. In addition, possible mechanisms for such activation were identified. The data obtained suggest the existence of a mechanism for the de novo formation of a pluripotent/stem phenotype in the subpopulation of "committed" tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav R Efremov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia S Proskurina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Potter
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenia V Dolgova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oksana V Efremova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg S Taranov
- The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Ostanin
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena R Chernykh
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey S Bogachev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Sun X, Zhu Y, Yin HY, Guo ZY, Xu F, Xiao B, Jiang WL, Guo WM, Meng HY, Lu SB, Wang Y, Peng J. Differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into Schwann cell-like cells through intermittent induction: potential advantage of cellular transient memory function. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:133. [PMID: 29751848 PMCID: PMC5948899 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a worldwide issue associated with severe social and economic burden. Autologous nerve grafting, the gold standard treatment for peripheral nerve defects, still has a number of technical limitations. Tissue engineering technology is a novel therapeutic strategy, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising seed cells for nerve tissue engineering. However, the efficiency of traditional methods for inducing the differentiation of MSCs to Schwann cell-like cells (SCLCs) remains unsatisfactory. Methods Here, we propose an intermittent induction method with alternate use of complete and incomplete induction medium to induce differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) to SCLCs. The time dependence of traditional induction methods and the efficiency of the intermittent induction method and traditional induction methods were evaluated and compared using immunocytochemistry, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and co-culture with the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in vitro. Cell transplantation was used to compare the effects of the traditional induction method and the intermittent induction method in repairing sciatic nerve defects in vivo. Results The results of the present study indicated that the intermittent induction method is more efficient than traditional methods for inducing ASCs to differentiate into SCLCs. In addition, SCLCs induced by this method were closer to mature myelinating Schwann cells and were capable of secreting neurotrophins and promoting DRG axon regeneration in vitro. Furthermore, SCLCs induced by the intermittent induction method could repair sciatic nerve defects in rats by cell transplantation in vivo more effectively than those produced by traditional methods. Conclusion Intermittent induction represents a novel strategy for obtaining seed cells for use in nerve tissue engineering. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0884-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Sun
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, No.94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, No.21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - He-Yong Yin
- Department of Surgery, Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Nussbaumstr. 20, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhi-Yuan Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Li Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, No.1 Dahua Road, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Min Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ye Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Bi Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China. .,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, PLA, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China. .,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226007, People's Republic of China.
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Reactive Oxygen Species, Superoxide Dimutases, and PTEN-p53-AKT-MDM2 Signaling Loop Network in Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Regulation. Cells 2018; 7:cells7050036. [PMID: 29723979 PMCID: PMC5981260 DOI: 10.3390/cells7050036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that can differentiate to various specialized cells, which have the potential capacity to differentiate properly and accelerate recovery in damaged sites of the body. This stem cell technology has become the fundamental element in regenerative medicine. As reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been reported to adversely influence stem cell properties, it is imperative to attenuate the extent of ROS to the promising protective approach with MSCs’ regenerative therapy. Oxidative stress also affects the culture expansion and longevity of MSCs. Therefore, there is great need to identify a method to prevent oxidative stress and replicative senescence in MSCs. Phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10/Protein kinase B, PKB (PTEN/AKT) and the tumor suppressor p53 pathway have been proven to play a pivotal role in regulating cell apoptosis by regulating the oxidative stress and/or ROS quenching. In this review, we summarize the current research and our view of how PTEN/AKT and p53 with their partners transduce signals downstream, and what the implications are for MSCs’ biology.
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Ghanmi S, Trigui M, Baya W, Ellouz Z, Elfeki A, Charfi S, Fricain JC, Keskes H. The periosteum-like effect of fresh human amniotic membrane on bone regeneration in a rabbit critical-sized defect model. Bone 2018. [PMID: 29524678 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of fresh human amniotic membrane (FHAM) as a substitute of periosteum to enhance bone regeneration in critical-sized defects. METHODS Tibial diaphyseal bone defects were created in forty New Zealand white rabbits and treated with FHAM or left empty. Treatment groups consisted of: FHAM implanted in the place of removed periosteum (FHAMP group); FHFAM implanted to fill the entire defect (FHAMF group) compared to negative control group; empty defect with removing the periosteum (NC group) and positive control group; and empty defect without removing the periosteum (PC group). Bone regeneration was evaluated by radiographic, micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and histological analyses at 4 and 8weeks post-surgery. RESULTS Radiographic and μ-CT analysis demonstrated clearly enhanced new bone formation in positive control group (PC) and FHAMP group compared to negative control group (NC) and FHAMF group. Histological staining exhibited remaining woven bones and cartilage matrix in the FHAMP group, immature lamellar bone with medellury cavity and marrow bone formation in PC group from 4weeks post-operatively. For FHAMF group, a little new bone formation was detected only from 8weeks post-operatively, and an absence of any sign of healing in NC group at both time points. CONCLUSION The results provide that FHAM increases bone regeneration in critical-sized defects when it is implanted in the place of the removed periosteum, but its additive effect does not have the same effect of the natural periosteum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ghanmi
- Experimental Surgery of the Musculoskeletal System Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia; Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, U1026, Inserm, University of Bordeaux, France.
| | - Moez Trigui
- Experimental Surgery of the Musculoskeletal System Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Walid Baya
- Experimental Surgery of the Musculoskeletal System Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zoubaier Ellouz
- Experimental Surgery of the Musculoskeletal System Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfatteh Elfeki
- Animal Ecophysiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Science, Department of Life Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Charfi
- Anatomy and Pathology Services, Hospital Habib Bourgiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Hassib Keskes
- Experimental Surgery of the Musculoskeletal System Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
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Promotion of Cell-Based Therapy: Special Focus on the Cooperation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy and Gene Therapy for Clinical Trial Studies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1119:103-118. [PMID: 30155859 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine (RM) is a promising new field of medicine that has mobilized several new tools to repair or replace lost or damaged cells or tissues by stimulating natural regenerative mechanisms nearby cell and tissue-based therapy approaches. However, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) based therapy has been shown to be safe and effective to a certain degree in multiple clinical trial studies (CTSs) of several diseases, in most MSC CTSs the efficacy of treatment has been reported low. Therefore, researchers have focused on efficacy enhancing of MSC to improve migratory and homing, survival, stemness, differentiation and other therapeutic applicable properties by using different approaches. Gene therapy is one of the experimental technique tools that uses genes to change cells for therapeutic and investigation purposes. In this study has been focused on genetically modified MSCs for use in RM with an emphasis on CTSs. We highlight the basic concept of genetic modifications and also discuss recent clinical studies aspects. Recently reviewed studies show that MSC therapy with assistant gene therapy can be used in cancer therapy, heart diseases, Fanconi anemia and several other diseases.
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42
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Vertès AA. Methods and practices to diversify cell-based products. Regen Med 2017; 12:997-1013. [PMID: 29243940 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal signaling cell (MSC)-based products represent emerging treatments in various therapeutic areas including cardiometabolic, inflammation, autoimmunity, orthopedics, wound healing and oncology. Exploring innovation beyond minimally manipulated plastic-adherent ex vivo expanded allogeneic MSCs enables product delineation. Product delineation is on the critical path to maximize clinical benefits and market access. An innovation framework is presented here along various innovation dimensions comprising composition-of-matter by means of positive cell surface markers, formulation varying for example the cell dose or the preservation mode and medium, manufacturing to adapt the secretome of MSCs to the condition of interest, the mode of delivery and corresponding delivery devices, as well as molecular engineering and biomarkers. The rationale of the innovation space thus described applies generally to all cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain A Vertès
- London Business School, UK & NxR Biotechnologies GmbH, Basel, Switzerland
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43
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Wang W, Yeung KWK. Bone grafts and biomaterials substitutes for bone defect repair: A review. Bioact Mater 2017; 2:224-247. [PMID: 29744432 PMCID: PMC5935655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 876] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone grafts have been predominated used to treat bone defects, delayed union or non-union, and spinal fusion in orthopaedic clinically for a period of time, despite the emergency of synthetic bone graft substitutes. Nevertheless, the integration of allogeneic grafts and synthetic substitutes with host bone was found jeopardized in long-term follow-up studies. Hence, the enhancement of osteointegration of these grafts and substitutes with host bone is considerably important. To address this problem, addition of various growth factors, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and platelet rich plasma (PRP), into structural allografts and synthetic substitutes have been considered. Although clinical applications of these factors have exhibited good bone formation, their further application was limited due to high cost and potential adverse side effects. Alternatively, bioinorganic ions such as magnesium, strontium and zinc are considered as alternative of osteogenic biological factors. Hence, this paper aims to review the currently available bone grafts and bone substitutes as well as the biological and bio-inorganic factors for the treatments of bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, 1 Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kelvin W K Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic Trauma, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, 1 Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, China
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A Novel Technique for Accelerated Culture of Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells that Allows for Sustained Multipotency. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13334. [PMID: 29042571 PMCID: PMC5645326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regularly utilized for translational therapeutic strategies including cell therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine and are frequently used in preclinical mouse models for both mechanistic studies and screening of new cell based therapies. Current methods to culture murine MSCs (mMSCs) select for rapidly dividing colonies and require long-term expansion. These methods thus require months of culture to generate sufficient cell numbers for feasibility studies in a lab setting and the cell populations often have reduced proliferation and differentiation potential, or have become immortalized cells. Here we describe a simple and reproducible method to generate mMSCs by utilizing hypoxia and basic fibroblast growth factor supplementation. Cells produced using these conditions were generated 2.8 times faster than under traditional methods and the mMSCs showed decreased senescence and maintained their multipotency and differentiation potential until passage 11 and beyond. Our method for mMSC isolation and expansion will significantly improve the utility of this critical cell source in pre-clinical studies for the investigation of MSC mechanisms, therapies, and cell manufacturing strategies.
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Abstract
In addition to their conventional role as a conduit system for gases, nutrients, waste products or cells, blood vessels in the skeletal system play active roles in controlling multiple aspects of bone formation and provide niches for hematopoietic stem cells that reside within the bone marrow. In addition, recent studies have highlighted roles for blood vessels during bone healing. Here, we provide an overview of the architecture of the bone vasculature and discuss how blood vessels form within bone, how their formation is modulated, and how they function during development and fracture repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor K Sivaraj
- Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Münster D-48149, Germany
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Münster D-48149, Germany
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Inubushi T, Nozawa S, Matsumoto K, Irie F, Yamaguchi Y. Aberrant perichondrial BMP signaling mediates multiple osteochondromagenesis in mice. JCI Insight 2017; 2:90049. [PMID: 28768899 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE) is characterized by the development of numerous benign bony tumors (osteochondromas). Although it has been well established that MHE is caused by mutations in EXT1 and EXT2, which encode glycosyltransferase essential for heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis, the cellular origin and molecular mechanisms of MHE remain elusive. Here, we show that in Ext1 mutant mice, osteochondromas develop from mesenchymal stem cell-like progenitor cells residing in the perichondrium, and we show that enhanced BMP signaling in these cells is the primary signaling defect that leads to osteochondromagenesis. We demonstrate that progenitor cells in the perichondrium, including those in the groove of Ranvier, highly express HS and that Ext1 ablation targeted to the perichondrium results in the development of osteochondromas. Ext1-deficient perichondrial progenitor cells show enhanced BMP signaling and increased chondrogenic differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Consistent with the functional role for enhanced BMP signaling in osteochondromagenesis, administration of the small molecule BMP inhibitor LDN-193189 suppresses osteochondroma formation in two MHE mouse models. Together, our results demonstrate a role for enhanced perichondrial BMP signaling in osteochondromagenesis in mice, and they suggest the possibility of pharmacological treatment of MHE with BMP inhibitors.
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Mistriotis P, Andreadis ST. Vascular aging: Molecular mechanisms and potential treatments for vascular rejuvenation. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 37:94-116. [PMID: 28579130 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor contributing to vascular dysfunction and the progression of vascular diseases. In this review, we discuss the causes and mechanisms of vascular aging at the tissue and cellular level. We focus on Endothelial Cell (EC) and Smooth Muscle Cell (SMC) aging due to their critical role in mediating the defective vascular phenotype. We elaborate on two categories that contribute to cellular dysfunction: cell extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Extrinsic factors reflect systemic or environmental changes which alter EC and SMC homeostasis compromising vascular function. Intrinsic factors induce EC and SMC transformation resulting in cellular senescence. Replenishing or rejuvenating the aged/dysfunctional vascular cells is critical to the effective repair of the vasculature. As such, this review also elaborates on recent findings which indicate that stem cell and gene therapies may restore the impaired vascular cell function, reverse vascular aging, and prolong lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mistriotis
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Stelios T Andreadis
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA; Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
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Predicting the Remaining Lifespan and Cultivation-Related Loss of Osteogenic Capacity of Bone Marrow Multipotential Stromal Cells Applicable across a Broad Donor Age Range. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:6129596. [PMID: 28298930 PMCID: PMC5337353 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6129596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives. Culture expanded multipotential stromal cells (MSCs) have considerable potential for bone regeneration therapy but their wider use is constrained by the lack of simple and predictive assays of functional potency. Extended passaging leads to loss of multipotency but speed of decline depends on MSC donor age. The aim of this study was to develop an assay predictive of MSC culture longevity applicable to a broad donor age range. Materials and Methods. Bone marrow (BM, n = 7) was obtained from a diverse range (2–72 years) of healthy donors. MSCs were culture expanded to senescence and their osteoprogenitor content, gene expression profiles, epigenetic signature, and telomere behaviour were measured throughout. Output data was combined for modelling purposes. Results. Regardless of donor age, cultures' osteoprogenitor content correlated better with remaining lifespan (population doublings before senescence, PD-BS) than proliferative history (accrued PDs). Individual gene's expression or telomere length did not predict PD-BS but methylation of individual CpG islands did, PRAMEF2 in particular (r = 0.775). Coupling the steep relationship of relative SPARC expression with PD-BS (r = −0.753) the formula SPARC × 1/PREMEF2 gave an improved correlation (r = −0.893). Conclusion. A formula based on SPARC mRNA and PRAMEF2 methylation may be used to predict remaining BM-MSC longevity and related loss of multipotentiality independent of donor age.
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Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Inhibits Apoptosis and Promotes Proliferation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Isolated from Patients with Type 2 Diabetes by Reducing Cellular Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3027109. [PMID: 28168007 PMCID: PMC5267085 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3027109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting increasing number of people in developed countries. Therefore new strategies for treatment of T2D and its complications are of special interest. Nowadays, cellular therapies involving mesenchymal stromal cells that reside in adipose tissue (ASCs) constitute a promising approach; however, there are still many obstacles concerning safety and effectiveness that need to be overcome before ASCs could be engaged for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. One of the challenges is preventing ASCs from deterioration caused by elevated oxidative stress present in diabetes milieu. In the current study we investigated the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) treatment on ASCs isolated from patients with diagnosed T2D. We demonstrate here that cell exposition to bFGF in 5 and 10 ng/mL dosages results in improved morphology, increased proliferative activity, reduced cellular senescence and apoptosis, and decreased oxidative stress, indicating recovery of ASCs' function impaired by T2D. Therefore our results provide a support for bFGF as a potential therapeutic agent for improving stem cell-based approaches for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
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Sisakhtnezhad S, Alimoradi E, Akrami H. External factors influencing mesenchymal stem cell fate in vitro. Eur J Cell Biol 2016; 96:13-33. [PMID: 27988106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have extensive potentials, which make them attractive candidates for the developmental biology, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. However, the use of MSCs is limited by their scarceness in tissues and in culture conditions. They also exhibit various degrees of potency which subsequently influencing their applications. Nowadays, questions remain about how self-renewal and differentiation of MSCs can be controlled in vitro and in vivo, how they will behave and migrate to the right place and how they modulate the immune system. Therefore, identification of factors and culture conditions to affect the fate and function of MSCs may be effective to enhance their applications in clinical situations. Studies have indicated that the fate of MSCs in culture is influenced by various external factors, including the specific cell source, donor age, plating density, passage number and plastic surface quality. Some other factors such as cell culture media and their supplementary factors, O2 concentration, mechano-/electro-stimuli and three-dimensional scaffolds are also shown to be influential. This review addresses the current state of MSC research for describing and discussing the findings about external factors that influence the fate and function of MSCs. Additionally, the new discoveries and suggestions regarding their molecular mechanisms will be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Alimoradi
- Department of biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hassan Akrami
- Department of biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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