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Louie JD, Barrios-Camacho CM, Bromberg BH, Hintschich CA, Schwob JE. Spatiotemporal dynamics exhibited by horizontal basal cells reveal a pro-neurogenic pathway during injury-induced olfactory epithelium regeneration. iScience 2024; 27:109600. [PMID: 38650985 PMCID: PMC11033173 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Horizontal basal cells (HBCs) mediate olfactory epithelium (OE) regeneration following severe tissue injury. The dynamism of the post-injury environment is well illustrated by in silico modeling of RNA sequencing data that demonstrate an evolving HBC transcriptome. Unfortunately, spatiotemporally dynamic processes occurring within HBCs in situ remain poorly understood. Here, we show that HBCs at 24 h post-OE injury spatially redistribute a constellation of proteins, which, in turn, helped to nominate Rac1 as a regulator of HBC differentiation during OE regeneration. Using our primary culture model to activate HBCs pharmacologically, we demonstrate that concurrent Rac1 inhibition attenuates HBC differentiation potential. This in vitro functional impairment manifested in vivo as decreased HBC differentiation into olfactory sensory neurons following HBC-specific Rac1 conditional knockout. Taken together, our data potentiate the design of hyposmia-alleviating therapies and highlight aspects of in situ HBC spatiotemporal dynamics that deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Louie
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Camila M. Barrios-Camacho
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Benjamin H. Bromberg
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Constantin A. Hintschich
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James E. Schwob
- Department of Developmental, Molecular & Chemical Biology, Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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2
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Liu Y, Yang LY, Chen DX, Chang C, Yuan Q, Zhang Y, Cai Y, Wei WQ, Hao JJ, Wang MR. Tenascin-C as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 42:101888. [PMID: 38354632 PMCID: PMC10877408 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish a prognostic model of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients based on tenascin-C (TNC) expression level and clinicopathological characteristics, and to explore the therapeutic potential of TNC inhibition. METHODS The expression of TNC was detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 326 ESCC specimens and 50 normal esophageal tissues. Prognostic factors were determined by Cox regression analyses and were incorporated to establish the nomogram. The effects of TNC knockdown on ESCC cells were assessed in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to reveal signaling pathways regulated by TNC knockdown. The therapeutic significance of TNC knockdown combined with small-molecule inhibitors on cell proliferation was examined. RESULTS TNC protein was highly expressed in 48.77 % of ESCC tissues compared to only 2 % in normal esophageal epithelia (p < 0.001). The established nomogram model, based on TNC expression, pT stage, and lymph node metastasis, showed good performance on prognosis evaluation. More importantly, the reduction of TNC expression inhibited tumor cell proliferation and xenograft growth, and mainly down-regulated signaling pathways involved in tumor growth, hypoxia signaling transduction, metabolism, infection, etc. Knockdown of TNC enhanced the inhibitory effect of inhibitors targeting ErbB, PI3K-Akt, Ras and MAPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSION The established nomogram may be a promising model for survival prediction in ESCC. Reducing TNC expression enhanced the sensitivity of ESCC cells to inhibitors of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and downstream signaling pathways, providing a novel combination therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Li-Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ding-Xiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chen Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Wei
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jia-Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Ming-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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3
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Vergadi E, Kolliniati O, Lapi I, Ieronymaki E, Lyroni K, Alexaki VI, Diamantaki E, Vaporidi K, Hatzidaki E, Papadaki HA, Galanakis E, Hajishengallis G, Chavakis T, Tsatsanis C. An IL-10/DEL-1 axis supports granulopoiesis and survival from sepsis in early life. Nat Commun 2024; 15:680. [PMID: 38263289 PMCID: PMC10805706 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The limited reserves of neutrophils are implicated in the susceptibility to infection in neonates, however the regulation of neutrophil kinetics in infections in early life remains poorly understood. Here we show that the developmental endothelial locus (DEL-1) is elevated in neonates and is critical for survival from neonatal polymicrobial sepsis, by supporting emergency granulopoiesis. Septic DEL-1 deficient neonate mice display low numbers of myeloid-biased multipotent and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors in the bone marrow, resulting in neutropenia, exaggerated bacteremia, and increased mortality; defects that are rescued by DEL-1 administration. A high IL-10/IL-17A ratio, observed in newborn sepsis, sustains tissue DEL-1 expression, as IL-10 upregulates while IL-17 downregulates DEL-1. Consistently, serum DEL-1 and blood neutrophils are elevated in septic adult and neonate patients with high serum IL-10/IL-17A ratio, and mortality is lower in septic patients with high serum DEL-1. Therefore, IL-10/DEL-1 axis supports emergency granulopoiesis, prevents neutropenia and promotes sepsis survival in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Vergadi
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IMMB, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Ourania Kolliniati
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IMMB, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Lapi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IMMB, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Ieronymaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IMMB, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantina Lyroni
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IMMB, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vasileia Ismini Alexaki
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eleni Diamantaki
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katerina Vaporidi
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Hatzidaki
- Department of Neonatology/Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Helen A Papadaki
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Galanakis
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IMMB, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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4
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Park JYC, King A, Björk V, English BW, Fedintsev A, Ewald CY. Strategic outline of interventions targeting extracellular matrix for promoting healthy longevity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C90-C128. [PMID: 37154490 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00060.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM), composed of interlinked proteins outside of cells, is an important component of the human body that helps maintain tissue architecture and cellular homeostasis. As people age, the ECM undergoes changes that can lead to age-related morbidity and mortality. Despite its importance, ECM aging remains understudied in the field of geroscience. In this review, we discuss the core concepts of ECM integrity, outline the age-related challenges and subsequent pathologies and diseases, summarize diagnostic methods detecting a faulty ECM, and provide strategies targeting ECM homeostasis. To conceptualize this, we built a technology research tree to hierarchically visualize possible research sequences for studying ECM aging. This strategic framework will hopefully facilitate the development of future research on interventions to restore ECM integrity, which could potentially lead to the development of new drugs or therapeutic interventions promoting health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Cecilia Park
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Aaron King
- Foresight Institute, San Francisco, California, United States
| | | | - Bradley W English
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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Statzer C, Park JYC, Ewald CY. Extracellular Matrix Dynamics as an Emerging yet Understudied Hallmark of Aging and Longevity. Aging Dis 2023; 14:670-693. [PMID: 37191434 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The biomechanical properties of extracellular matrices (ECM) and their consequences for cellular homeostasis have recently emerged as a driver of aging. Here we review the age-dependent deterioration of ECM in the context of our current understanding of the aging processes. We discuss the reciprocal interactions of longevity interventions with ECM remodeling. And the relevance of ECM dynamics captured by the matrisome and the matreotypes associated with health, disease, and longevity. Furthermore, we highlight that many established longevity compounds promote ECM homeostasis. A large body of evidence for the ECM to qualify as a hallmark of aging is emerging, and the data in invertebrates is promising. However, direct experimental proof that activating ECM homeostasis is sufficient to slow aging in mammals is lacking. We conclude that further research is required and anticipate that a conceptual framework for ECM biomechanics and homeostasis will provide new strategies to promote health during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Statzer
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach CH-8603, Switzerland
| | - Ji Young Cecilia Park
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach CH-8603, Switzerland
| | - Collin Y Ewald
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Schwerzenbach CH-8603, Switzerland
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Piña JO, Raju R, Roth DM, Chattaraj P, Kidwai F, Faucz FR, Iben J, Mitra A, Campbell K, Fridell G, Esnault C, Dale RK, D’Souza RN. Integrated spatiotemporal transcriptomic resolution of embryonic palate osteogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.30.534875. [PMID: 37333290 PMCID: PMC10274879 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.30.534875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of osteoblasts and the subsequent formation of bone marks an important terminal phase in palate formation that leads to the separation of the oral and nasal cavities. While the developmental events that precede palatal osteogenesis are well explored, major gaps remain in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that lead to the bony union of fusing palatal shelves. Herein, the timeline of osteogenic transcriptional programming is unveiled in the embryonic palate by way of integrated bulk, single-cell, and spatially resolved RNA-seq analyses. We define spatially restricted expression patterns of key marker genes, both regulatory and structural, that are differentially expressed during palatal fusion, including the identification of several novel genes ( Deup1, Dynlrb2, Lrrc23 ) spatially restricted in expression to the palate, providing a relevant framework for future studies that identify new candidate genes for cleft palate anomalies in humans as well as the timing of mammalian embryonic palatal osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Oliver Piña
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Resmi Raju
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniela M. Roth
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, CA
| | - Parna Chattaraj
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fahad Kidwai
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabio R. Faucz
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Apratim Mitra
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kiersten Campbell
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gus Fridell
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Esnault
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ryan K. Dale
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rena N. D’Souza
- Section on Molecules & Therapies for Craniofacial & Dental Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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De Novo Generation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cellular Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020321. [PMID: 36672255 PMCID: PMC9857267 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to manufacture human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the laboratory holds enormous promise for cellular therapy of human blood diseases. Several differentiation protocols have been developed to facilitate the emergence of HSCs from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Most approaches employ a stepwise addition of cytokines and morphogens to recapitulate the natural developmental process. However, these protocols globally lack clinical relevance and uniformly induce PSCs to produce hematopoietic progenitors with embryonic features and limited engraftment and differentiation capabilities. This review examines how key intrinsic cues and extrinsic environmental inputs have been integrated within human PSC differentiation protocols to enhance the emergence of definitive hematopoiesis and how advances in genomics set the stage for imminent breakthroughs in this field.
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8
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Thomas R, Jerome JM, Dang TD, Souto EP, Mallam JN, Rowley DR. Androgen receptor variant-7 regulation by tenascin-c induced src activation. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:119. [PMID: 35948987 PMCID: PMC9364530 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone metastatic prostate cancer does not completely respond to androgen-targeted therapy and generally evolves into lethal castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Expression of AR-V7- a constitutively active, ligand independent splice variant of AR is one of the critical resistant mechanisms regulating metastatic CRPC. TNC is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, crucial for prostate cancer progression, and associated with prostate cancer bone metastases. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms that regulate AR-V7 expression in prostate cancer cells interacting with osteogenic microenvironment including TNC. METHODS Prostate cancer/preosteoblast heterotypical organoids were evaluated via immunofluorescence imaging and gene expression analysis using RT-qPCR to assess cellular compartmentalization, TNC localization, and to investigate regulation of AR-V7 in prostate cancer cells by preosteoblasts and hormone or antiandrogen action. Prostate cancer cells cultured on TNC were assessed using RT-qPCR, Western blotting, cycloheximide chase assay, and immunofluorescence imaging to evaluate (1) regulation of AR-V7, and (2) signaling pathways activated by TNC. Identified signaling pathway induced by TNC was targeted using siRNA and a small molecular inhibitor to investigate the role of TNC-induced signaling activation in regulation of AR-V7. Both AR-V7- and TNC-induced signaling effectors were targeted using siRNA, and TNC expression assessed to evaluate potential feedback regulation. RESULTS Utilizing heterotypical organoids, we show that TNC is an integral component of prostate cancer interaction with preosteoblasts. Interaction with preosteoblasts upregulated both TNC and AR-V7 expression in prostate cancer cells which was suppressed by testosterone but elevated by antiandrogen enzalutamide. Interestingly, the results demonstrate that TNC-induced Src activation regulated AR-V7 expression, post-translational stability, and nuclear localization in prostate cancer cells. Treatment with TNC neutralizing antibody, Src knockdown, and inhibition of Src kinase activity repressed AR-V7 transcript and protein. Reciprocally, both activated Src and AR-V7 were observed to upregulate autocrine TNC gene expression in prostate cancer cells. CONCLUSION Overall, the findings reveal that prostate cancer cell interactions with the cellular and ECM components in the osteogenic microenvironment plays critical role in regulating AR-V7 associated with metastatic CRPC. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintu Thomas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - John Michael Jerome
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Truong D. Dang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Eric P. Souto
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Joshua N. Mallam
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - David R. Rowley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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9
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Li R, Banjanin B, Schneider RK, Costa IG. Detection of cell markers from single cell RNA-seq with sc2marker. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:276. [PMID: 35831796 PMCID: PMC9281170 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) allows the detection of rare cell types in complex tissues. The detection of markers for rare cell types is useful for further biological analysis of, for example, flow cytometry and imaging data sets for either physical isolation or spatial characterization of these cells. However, only a few computational approaches consider the problem of selecting specific marker genes from scRNA-seq data. Results Here, we propose sc2marker, which is based on the maximum margin index and a database of proteins with antibodies, to select markers for flow cytometry or imaging. We evaluated the performances of sc2marker and competing methods in ranking known markers in scRNA-seq data of immune and stromal cells. The results showed that sc2marker performed better than the competing methods in accuracy, while having a competitive running time. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12859-022-04817-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Li
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bella Banjanin
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rebekka K Schneider
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivan G Costa
- Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Computational Genomics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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10
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Refining the migration and engraftment of short-term and long-term HSCs by enhancing homing-specific adhesion mechanisms. Blood Adv 2022; 6:4373-4391. [PMID: 35764498 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the short-term(ST)-CD34pos stem cells, studies have suggested that long-term (LT) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) found in the CD34neg stem cell pool have trouble migrating and engrafting when introduced intravenously. We set out to fully elucidate the adhesion mechanisms used by ST/LT-HSCs to migrate to the bone marrow in order to understand these deficiencies. Focusing on murine ST-HSCs(Flk2negCD34pos) and LT-HSCs(Flk2negCD34neg), we observed a distinctive expression pattern of bone marrow homing effectors necessary for the first step, namely sialyl Lewis-X(sLex;ligand for E-selectin), and the second step, namely CXCR4 (receptor for SDF-1). sLex expression was higher on Flk2negCD34pos ST-HSCs(>60%) compared to Flk2negCD34neg LT-HSCs(<10%), which correlated to binding to E-selectin. Higher levels of CXCR4 were observed on Flk2negCD34pos ST-HSCs compared to Flk2negCD34neg LT-HSCs. Interestingly, expression of CD26, a peptidase known to deactivate chemokines (i.e.SDF-1), was higher on Flk2negCD34neg LT-HSCs. Given that migration is compromised in Flk2negCD34neg LT-HSCs, we aimed to enhance their ability to migrate using recombinant fucosyltransferase 6 (rhFTVI) and DiprotinA (CD26-inhibitor). We observed that although LT-HSCs expressed low levels of sLex, in vivo engraftment was not compromised. Moreover, although both treaments enhanced migration in vitro, only pre-treatment of LT-HSCs with DiprotinA enhanced engraftment in vivo. Remarkably, fucosylation of Flk2negCD34pos ST-HSCs consistently led to their ability to transplant secondary recipients, the gold standard for testing functionality of LT-HSCs. These data suggest that treatments to overcome the molecular disparity in adhesion mechanisms among ST-HSCs and LT-HSCs, differentially influences their abilities to migrate and engraft in vivo and boosts ST-HSCs engraftment in vivo.
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11
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Krenn PW, Montanez E, Costell M, Fässler R. Integrins, anchors and signal transducers of hematopoietic stem cells during development and in adulthood. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 149:203-261. [PMID: 35606057 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the apex of the hierarchically organized blood cell production system, are generated in the yolk sac, aorta-gonad-mesonephros region and placenta of the developing embryo. To maintain life-long hematopoiesis, HSCs emigrate from their site of origin and seed in distinct microenvironments, called niches, of fetal liver and bone marrow where they receive supportive signals for self-renewal, expansion and production of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), which in turn orchestrate the production of the hematopoietic effector cells. The interactions of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with niche components are to a large part mediated by the integrin superfamily of adhesion molecules. Here, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the functional properties of integrins and their activators, Talin-1 and Kindlin-3, for HSPC generation, function and fate decisions during development and in adulthood. In addition, we discuss integrin-mediated mechanosensing for HSC-niche interactions, ex vivo protocols aimed at expanding HSCs for therapeutic use, and recent approaches targeting the integrin-mediated adhesion in leukemia-inducing HSCs in their protecting, malignant niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Krenn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Eloi Montanez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Costell
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain; Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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12
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Liang L, Pan Y, Bin L, Liu Y, Huang W, Li R, Lai KP. Immunotoxicity mechanisms of perfluorinated compounds PFOA and PFOS. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132892. [PMID: 34780734 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated and polyfluorinated compounds (PFASs) are a class of synthetic chemical substances that are widely used in human production and life, such as fire-fighting foams, textiles and clothing, surfactants, and surface protective agents. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are the most abundant and common perfluorinated compounds in biota and humans. Currently, PFOA and PFOS have been listed in the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, and their production has been halted in many countries. However, because the high-energy carbon-fluorine bond can make it resistant to hydrolysis, photolysis, microbial degradation, and vertebrate metabolism, PFOA and PFOS show environmental persistence and bioaccumulation and hence, are of great concern to humans and wildlife. PFOA and PFOS have toxic effects on the immune system of the body. This article reviewed the effects of PFOA and PFOS on immune organs such as the spleen, bone marrow, and thymus of mice and zebrafish, and the effects on non-specific immune functions such as the skin barrier, intestinal mucosal barrier, and humoral immunity. We also reviewed the influence of specific immune functions based on cellular immunity, and further summarized the possible immune toxicity mechanisms such as AIM2 inflammasome activation, gene dysregulation, and signal pathway disorders caused by PFOA and PFOS. The aim of this review was to provide a reference for further understanding of the immunotoxicity and the responsible mechanism of PFOA and PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyun Liang
- School of Lingui Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China; Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Yongling Pan
- School of Lingui Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China; Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Lihua Bin
- School of Lingui Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China; Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Lingui Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China; Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China
| | - Rong Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China.
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China.
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13
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The extracellular matrix of hematopoietic stem cell niches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114069. [PMID: 34838648 PMCID: PMC8860232 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive overview of different classes of ECM molecules in the HSC niche. Overview of current knowledge on role of biophysics of the HSC niche. Description of approaches to create artificial stem cell niches for several application. Importance of considering ECM in drug development and testing.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the life-long source of all types of blood cells. Their function is controlled by their direct microenvironment, the HSC niche in the bone marrow. Although the importance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the niche by orchestrating niche architecture and cellular function is widely acknowledged, it is still underexplored. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the ECM in HSC niches. For this purpose, we first briefly outline HSC niche biology and then review the role of the different classes of ECM molecules in the niche one by one and how they are perceived by cells. Matrix remodeling and the emerging importance of biophysics in HSC niche function are discussed. Finally, the application of the current knowledge of ECM in the niche in form of artificial HSC niches for HSC expansion or targeted differentiation as well as drug testing is reviewed.
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14
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Da Ros F, Persano L, Bizzotto D, Michieli M, Braghetta P, Mazzucato M, Bonaldo P. Emilin-2 is a component of bone marrow extracellular matrix regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and hematopoietic progenitors. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:2. [PMID: 35012633 PMCID: PMC8744352 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dissection of mechanisms involved in the regulation of bone marrow microenvironment through cell–cell and cell–matrix contacts is essential for the detailed understanding of processes underlying bone marrow activities both under physiological conditions and in hematologic malignancies. Here we describe Emilin-2 as an abundant extracellular matrix component of bone marrow stroma. Methods Immunodetection of Emilin-2 was performed in bone marrow sections of mice from 30 days to 6 months of age. Emilin-2 expression was monitored in vitro in primary and mesenchymal stem cell lines under undifferentiated and adipogenic conditions. Hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors in bone marrow of 3- to 10-month-old wild-type and Emilin-2 null mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Emilin-2 is deposited in bone marrow extracellular matrix in an age-dependent manner, forming a meshwork that extends from compact bone boundaries to the central trabecular regions. Emilin-2 is expressed and secreted by both primary and immortalized bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, exerting an inhibitory action in adipogenic differentiation. In vivo Emilin-2 deficiency impairs the frequency of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in bone marrow during aging. Conclusion Our data provide new insights in the contribution of bone marrow extracellular matrix microenvironment in the regulation of stem cell niches and hematopoietic progenitor differentiation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02674-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Da Ros
- SOSd Cell Stem Unit, Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Center CRO-IRCSS, 33081, Aviano, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Persano
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.,IRP - Pediatric Research Institute, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Dario Bizzotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Michieli
- SOSd Cell Therapy and High Dose Chemotherapy, National Cancer Center CRO- IRCCS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Mazzucato
- SOSd Cell Stem Unit, Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Center CRO-IRCSS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy. .,CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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15
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Liu B, Tao C, Wu Z, Yao H, Wang DA. Engineering strategies to achieve efficient in vitro expansion of haematopoietic stem cells: development and improvement. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1734-1753. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells are the basis for building and maintaining lifelong haematopoietic mechanisms and important resources for the treatment of blood disorders. Haematopoietic niches are microenvironment in the body where...
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16
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Cai Y, Wang S, Qu J, Belmonte JCI, Liu GH. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:231-238. [PMID: 35303745 PMCID: PMC8968747 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapies, including stem cell transplantation and rejuvenation of stem cells in situ, are promising avenues for tackling a broad range of diseases. Stem cells can both self-renew and differentiate into other cell types, and play a significant role in the regulation of tissue homeostasis and regeneration after cell degeneration or injury. However, stem cell exhaustion or dysfunction increases with age and impedes the normal function of multiple tissues and systems. Thus, stem cell therapies could provide a solution to aging and age-associated diseases. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanisms that regulate stem cell regeneration. We also summarize potential strategies for rejuvenating stem cells that leverage intrinsic and extrinsic factors. These approaches may pave the way toward therapeutic interventions aiming at extending both health and life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si Wang
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Qu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author: Jing Qu, PhD, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China. Tel: +86-10-64807768;
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Juan Carlos Izpisúa-Belmonte, PhD, Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, USA. Tel: (858) 453-4100 x1130;
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Guanghui Liu, PhD, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China. Tel: +86-10-64807852;
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17
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Lin J, Zeng J, Sun W, Liu K, Enkhbat M, Yi D, Harati J, Liu J, Kingshott P, Chen B, Ma F, Wang PY. Colloidal Self-Assembled Patterns Maintain the Pluripotency and Promote the Hemopoietic Potential of Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:771773. [PMID: 34869369 PMCID: PMC8636751 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.771773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of blood cells in a significant amount for clinical uses is still challenging. Human pluripotent stem cells-derived hemopoietic cells (hPSC-HCs) are a promising cell source to generate blood cells. Previously, it has been shown that the attached substrates are crucial in the maintenance or differentiation of hPSCs. In this study, a new family of artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) called colloidal self-assembled patterns (cSAPs: #1-#5) was used for the expansion of mouse and human PSCs. The optimized cSAP (i.e., #4 and #5) was selected for subsequent hemopoietic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Results showed that the hematopoietic potential of hESCs was enhanced approx 3-4 folds on cSAP #5 compared to the flat control. The cell population of hematopoietic progenitors (i.e., CD34+CD43+ cells) and erythroid progenitors (i.e., CD71+GPA+ cells) were enhanced 4 folds at day 8 and 3 folds at day 14. RNA sequencing analysis of cSAP-derived hESCs showed that there were 300 genes up-regulated and 627 genes down-regulated compared to the flat control. The enriched signaling pathways, including up-regulation (i.e., Toll-like receptor, HIF-1a, and Notch) or down-regulation (i.e., FAs, MAPK, JAK/STAT, and TGF-β) were classic in the maintenance of hESC phenotype Real time PCR confirmed that the expression of focal adhesion (PTK2, VCL, and CXCL14) and MAPK signaling (CAV1) related genes was down-regulated 2-3 folds compared to the flat control. Altogether, cSAP enhances the pluripotency and the hematopoietic potential of hESCs that subsequently generates more blood-like cells. This study reveals the potential of cSAPs on the expansion and early-stage blood cell lineage differentiation of hPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiahui Zeng
- Stem Cell Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Wencui Sun
- Stem Cell Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Myagmartsend Enkhbat
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Danying Yi
- Stem Cell Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Javad Harati
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Stem Cell Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Peter Kingshott
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Bo Chen
- Stem Cell Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Stem Cell Center, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Chengdu, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
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18
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Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C in Heart Diseases-The Role of Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115828. [PMID: 34072423 PMCID: PMC8198581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein and an original member of the matricellular protein family. TNC is transiently expressed in the heart during embryonic development, but is rarely detected in normal adults; however, its expression is strongly up-regulated with inflammation. Although neither TNC-knockout nor -overexpressing mice show a distinct phenotype, disease models using genetically engineered mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed multiple significant roles for TNC in responses to injury and myocardial repair, particularly in the regulation of inflammation. In most cases, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by aggravating inflammation/fibrosis. Furthermore, accumulating clinical evidence has shown that high TNC levels predict adverse ventricular remodeling and a poor prognosis in patients with various heart diseases. Since the importance of inflammation has attracted attention in the pathophysiology of heart diseases, this review will focus on the roles of TNC in various types of inflammatory reactions, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive fibrosis, myocarditis caused by viral infection or autoimmunity, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The utility of TNC as a biomarker for the stratification of myocardial disease conditions and the selection of appropriate therapies will also be discussed from a clinical viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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19
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Correa-Gallegos D, Jiang D, Rinkevich Y. Fibroblasts as confederates of the immune system. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:147-162. [PMID: 34036608 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblastic stromal cells are as diverse, in origin and function, as the niches they fashion in the mammalian body. This cellular variety impacts the spectrum of responses elicited by the immune system. Fibroblast influence on the immune system keeps evolving our perspective on fibroblast roles and functions beyond just a passive structural part of organs. This review discusses the foundations of fibroblastic stromal-immune crosstalk, under the scope of stromal heterogeneity as a basis for tissue-specific tutoring of the immune system. Focusing on the skin as a relevant immunological organ, we detail the complex interactions between distinct fibroblast populations and immune cells that occur during homeostasis, injury repair, scarring, and disease. We further review the relevance of fibroblastic stromal cell heterogeneity and how this heterogeneity is central to regulate the immune system from its inception during embryonic development into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan Correa-Gallegos
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Dongsheng Jiang
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuval Rinkevich
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
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20
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Jain M, Dev R, Doddapattar P, Kon S, Dhanesha N, Chauhan AK. Integrin α9 regulates smooth muscle cell phenotype switching and vascular remodeling. JCI Insight 2021; 6:147134. [PMID: 34027892 PMCID: PMC8262341 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.147134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) remains a significant cause of in-stent restenosis. Integrins, which are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors, play a crucial role in SMC biology by binding to the extracellular matrix protein with the actin cytoskeleton within the SMC. Integrin α9 plays an important role in cell motility and autoimmune diseases; however, its role in SMC biology and remodeling remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that stimulated human coronary SMCs upregulate α9 expression. Targeting α9 in stimulated human coronary SMCs, using anti-integrin α9 antibody, suppresses synthetic phenotype and inhibits SMC proliferation and migration. To provide definitive evidence, we generated an SMC-specific α9-deficient mouse strain. Genetic ablation of α9 in SMCs suppressed synthetic phenotype and reduced proliferation and migration in vitro. Mechanistically, suppressed synthetic phenotype and reduced proliferation were associated with decreased focal adhesion kinase/steroid receptor coactivator signaling and downstream targets, including phosphorylated ERK, p38 MAPK, glycogen synthase kinase 3β, and nuclear β-catenin, with reduced transcriptional activation of β-catenin target genes. Following vascular injury, SMC-specific α9-deficient mice or wild-type mice treated with murine anti-integrin α9 antibody exhibited reduced injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia at day 28 by limiting SMC migration and proliferation. Our findings suggest that integrin α9 regulates SMC biology, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Jain
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rishabh Dev
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Prakash Doddapattar
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Shigeyuki Kon
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nirav Dhanesha
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Anil K Chauhan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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21
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Xu S, Zhang T, Cao Z, Zhong W, Zhang C, Li H, Song J. Integrin-α9β1 as a Novel Therapeutic Target for Refractory Diseases: Recent Progress and Insights. Front Immunol 2021; 12:638400. [PMID: 33790909 PMCID: PMC8005531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.638400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins refer to heterodimers consisting of subunits α and β. They serve as receptors on cell membranes and interact with extracellular ligands to mediate intracellular molecular signals. One of the least-studied members of the integrin family is integrin-α9β1, which is widely distributed in various human tissues and organs. Integrin-α9β1 regulates the physiological state of cells through a variety of complex signaling pathways to participate in the specific pathological processes of some intractable diseases. In recent years, an increasing amount of research has focused on the role of α9β1 in the molecular mechanisms of different refractory diseases and its promising potential as a therapeutic target. Accordingly, this review introduces and summarizes recent research related to integrin-α9β1, describes the synergistic functions of α9β1 and its corresponding ligands in cancer, autoimmune diseases, nerve injury and thrombosis and, more importantly, highlights the potential of α9β1 as a distinctive target for the treatment of these intractable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjie Zhong
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuangwei Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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22
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Chen J, Hendriks M, Chatzis A, Ramasamy SK, Kusumbe AP. Bone Vasculature and Bone Marrow Vascular Niches in Health and Disease. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:2103-2120. [PMID: 32845550 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone vasculature and bone marrow vascular niches supply oxygen, nutrients, and secrete angiocrine factors required for the survival, maintenance, and self-renewal of stem and progenitor cells. In the skeletal system, vasculature creates nurturing niches for bone and blood-forming stem cells. Blood vessels regulate hematopoiesis and drive bone formation during development, repair, and regeneration. Dysfunctional vascular niches induce skeletal aging, bone diseases, and hematological disorders. Recent cellular and molecular characterization of the bone marrow microenvironment has provided unprecedented insights into the complexity, heterogeneity, and functions of the bone vasculature and vascular niches. The bone vasculature is composed of distinct vessel subtypes that differentially regulate osteogenesis, hematopoiesis, and disease conditions in bones. Further, bone marrow vascular niches supporting stem cells are often complex microenvironments involving multiple different cell populations and vessel subtypes. This review provides an overview of the emerging vascular cell heterogeneity in bone and the new roles of the bone vasculature and associated vascular niches in health and disease. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Chen
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michelle Hendriks
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandros Chatzis
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Saravana K Ramasamy
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anjali P Kusumbe
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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23
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Tenascin-C Function in Glioma: Immunomodulation and Beyond. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1272:149-172. [PMID: 32845507 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48457-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
First identified in the 1980s, tenascin-C (TNC) is a multi-domain extracellular matrix glycoprotein abundantly expressed during the development of multicellular organisms. TNC level is undetectable in most adult tissues but rapidly and transiently induced by a handful of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a variety of pathological conditions including infection, inflammation, fibrosis, and wound healing. Persistent TNC expression is associated with chronic inflammation and many malignancies, including glioma. By interacting with its receptor integrin and a myriad of other binding partners, TNC elicits context- and cell type-dependent function to regulate cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. TNC operates as an endogenous activator of toll-like receptor 4 and promotes inflammatory response by inducing the expression of multiple pro-inflammatory factors in innate immune cells such as microglia and macrophages. In addition, TNC drives macrophage differentiation and polarization predominantly towards an M1-like phenotype. In contrast, TNC shows immunosuppressive function in T cells. In glioma, TNC is expressed by tumor cells and stromal cells; high expression of TNC is correlated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Besides promoting glioma invasion and angiogenesis, TNC has been found to affect the morphology and function of tumor-associated microglia/macrophages in glioma. Clinically, TNC can serve as a biomarker for tumor progression; and TNC antibodies have been utilized as an adjuvant agent to deliver anti-tumor drugs to target glioma. A better mechanistic understanding of how TNC impacts innate and adaptive immunity during tumorigenesis and tumor progression will open new therapeutic avenues to treat brain tumors and other malignancies.
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24
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Tawara I, Yoshida T. Tenascin-C in cardiac disease: a sophisticated controller of inflammation, repair, and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C781-C796. [PMID: 32845719 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00353.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein classified as a matricellular protein that is generally upregulated at high levels during physiological and pathological tissue remodeling and is involved in important biological signaling pathways. In the heart, TNC is transiently expressed at several important steps during embryonic development and is sparsely detected in normal adult heart but is re-expressed in a spatiotemporally restricted manner under pathological conditions associated with inflammation, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive cardiac fibrosis, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and Kawasaki disease. Despite its characteristic and spatiotemporally restricted expression, TNC knockout mice develop a grossly normal phenotype. However, various disease models using TNC null mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed many important functions for TNC and multiple molecular cascades that control cellular responses in inflammation, tissue repair, and even myocardial regeneration. TNC has context-dependent diverse functions and, thus, may exert both harmful and beneficial effects in damaged hearts. However, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by proinflammatory and profibrotic effects in most cases. Its specific expression also makes TNC a feasible diagnostic biomarker and target for molecular imaging to assess inflammation in the heart. Several preclinical studies have shown the utility of TNC as a biomarker for assessing the prognosis of patients and selecting appropriate therapy, particularly for inflammatory heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
| | - Isao Tawara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
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25
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Zanetti C, Krause DS. "Caught in the net": the extracellular matrix of the bone marrow in normal hematopoiesis and leukemia. Exp Hematol 2020; 89:13-25. [PMID: 32755619 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the bone marrow microenvironment on normal hematopoiesis, but also leukemia, has largely been accepted. However, the focus has been predominantly on the role of various cell types or cytokines maintaining hematopoietic stem cells or protecting leukemia stem cells from different therapies. A frequently overlooked component of the bone marrow microenvironment is the extracellular matrix, which not only provides a mechanical scaffold, but also serves as a source of growth factors. We discuss here how extracellular matrix proteins directly or indirectly modulate hematopoietic stem cell physiology and influence leukemia progression. It is hoped that existing and future studies on this topic may propel forward the possibility of augmenting normal hematopoiesis and improving therapies for leukemia, for instance, by targeting of the extracellular matrix in the bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Zanetti
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniela S Krause
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Frankfurt, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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26
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Role of the Bone Marrow Milieu in Multiple Myeloma Progression and Therapeutic Resistance. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2020; 20:e752-e768. [PMID: 32651110 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of the plasma cells within the bone marrow (BM). Studies have shown that the cellular and noncellular components of the BM milieu, such as cytokines and exosomes, play an integral role in MM pathogenesis and progression by mediating drug resistance and inducing MM proliferation. Moreover, the BM microenvironment of patients with MM facilitates cancer tolerance and immune evasion through the expansion of regulatory immune cells, inhibition of antitumor effector cells, and disruption of the antigen presentation machinery. These are of special relevance, especially in the current era of cancer immunotherapy. An improved understanding of the supportive role of the MM BM microenvironment will allow for the development of future therapies targeting MM in the context of the BM milieu to elicit deeper and more durable responses. In the present review, we have discussed our current understanding of the role of the BM microenvironment in MM progression and resistance to therapy and discuss novel potential approaches to alter its pro-MM function.
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27
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Kimura T, Tajiri K, Sato A, Sakai S, Wang Z, Yoshida T, Uede T, Hiroe M, Aonuma K, Ieda M, Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C accelerates adverse ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction by modulating macrophage polarization. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:614-624. [PMID: 30295707 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Tenascin-C (TN-C) is an extracellular matrix protein undetected in the normal adult heart, but expressed in several heart diseases associated with inflammation. We previously reported that serum TN-C levels of myocardial infarction (MI) patients were elevated during the acute stage, and that patients with high peak TN-C levels were at high risk of left ventricular (LV) remodelling and poor outcome, suggesting that TN-C could play a significant role in the progression of ventricular remodelling. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms associated with this process remain unknown. We aimed to elucidate the role and underlying mechanisms associated with TN-C in adverse remodelling after MI. METHODS AND RESULTS MI was induced by permanent ligation of the coronary artery of TN-C knockout (TN-C-KO) and wild type (WT) mice. In WT mice, TN-C was expressed at the borders between intact and necrotic areas, with a peak at 3 days post-MI and observed in the immediate vicinity of infiltrating macrophages. TN-C-KO mice were protected from ventricular adverse remodelling as evidenced by a higher LV ejection fraction as compared with WT mice (19.0 ± 6.3% vs. 10.6 ± 4.4%; P < 0.001) at 3 months post-MI. During the acute phase, flow-cytometric analyses showed a decrease in F4/80+CD206lowCD45+ M1 macrophages and an increase in F4/80+CD206highCD45+ M2 macrophages in the TN-C-KO heart. To clarify the role of TN-C on macrophage polarization, we examined the direct effect of TN-C on bone marrow-derived macrophages in culture, observing that TN-C promoted macrophage shifting into an M1 phenotype via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Under M2-skewing conditions, TN-C suppressed the expression of interferon regulatory factor 4, a key transcription factor that controls M2-macrophage polarization, via TLR4, thereby inhibiting M2 polarization. CONCLUSION These results suggested that TN-C accelerates LV remodelling after MI, at least in part, by modulating M1/M2-macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taizo Kimura
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakai
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Uede
- Department of Matrix Medicine, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Michiaki Hiroe
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan.,National Center of Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Aonuma
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masaki Ieda
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
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28
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Costa MHG, Monteiro TS, Cardoso S, Cabral JMS, Ferreira FC, da Silva CL. Three-Dimensional Co-culture of Human Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells and Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in a Biomimetic Hematopoietic Niche Microenvironment. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2002:101-119. [PMID: 30367359 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2018_181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of cellular therapies to treat hematological malignancies has motivated researchers to investigate ex vivo culture systems capable of expanding the number of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) before transplantation. The strategies exploited to achieve relevant cell numbers have relied on culture systems that lack biomimetic niche cues thought to be essential to promote HSPC maintenance and proliferation. Although stromal cells adhered to 2-D surfaces can be used to support the expansion of HSPC ex vivo, culture systems aiming to incorporate cell-cell interactions in a more intricate 3-D environment can better contribute to recapitulate the bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic niche in vitro.Herein, we describe the development of a 3-D co-culture system of human umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived CD34+ cells and BM mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) spheroids in a microwell-based platform that allows to attain large numbers of spheroids with uniform sizes. Further comparison with a traditional 2-D co-culture system exploiting the supportive features of feeder layers of MSC is provided, while functional in vitro assays to assess the features of HSPC expanded in the 2-D vs. 3-D MSC co-culture systems are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta H G Costa
- Department of Bioengineering and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago S Monteiro
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas de Computadores - Microsystems and Nanotechnology (INESC-MN), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana Cardoso
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas de Computadores - Microsystems and Nanotechnology (INESC-MN), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Lisbon Campus, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Frederico Castelo Ferreira
- Department of Bioengineering and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Lisbon Campus, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia L da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. .,The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Lisbon Campus, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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29
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Bone marrow niche-derived extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes influence the progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2020; 34:1540-1552. [PMID: 31919471 PMCID: PMC7266746 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0674-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Specific and reciprocal interactions with the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) govern the course of hematological malignancies. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), secreted by leukemia cells, facilitates tumor progression via remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the BMM. Hypothesizing that leukemias may instruct the BMM to degrade the ECM, we show, that MMP-9-deficiency in the BMM prolongs survival of mice with BCR-ABL1-induced B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) compared with controls and reduces leukemia-initiating cells. MMP-9-deficiency in the BMM leads to reduced degradation of proteins of the ECM and reduced invasion of B-ALL. Using various in vivo and in vitro assays, as well as recipient mice deficient for the receptor for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α (TNFR1) we demonstrate that B-ALL cells induce MMP-9-expression in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and possibly other cells of the BMM via a release of TNFα. MMP-9-expression in MSC is mediated by activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) downstream of TNFR1. Consistently, knockdown of TNF-α in B-ALL-initiating cells or pharmacological inhibition of MMP-9 led to significant prolongation of survival in mice with B-ALL. In summary, leukemia cell-derived Tnfα induced MMP-9-expression by the BMM promoting B-ALL progression. Inhibition of MMP-9 may act as an adjunct to existing therapies.
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30
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Benova A, Tencerova M. Obesity-Induced Changes in Bone Marrow Homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:294. [PMID: 32477271 PMCID: PMC7235195 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by low-grade inflammation, which is accompanied by increased accumulation of immune cells in peripheral tissues including adipose tissue (AT), skeletal muscle, liver and pancreas, thereby impairing their primary metabolic functions in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Obesity has also shown to have a detrimental effect on bone homeostasis by altering bone marrow and hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and thus impairing bone integrity and immune cell properties. The origin of immune cells arises in the bone marrow, which has been shown to be affected with the obesogenic condition via increased cellularity and shifting differentiation and function of hematopoietic and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in favor of myeloid progenitors and increased bone marrow adiposity. These obesity-induced changes in the bone marrow microenvironment lead to dramatic bone marrow remodeling and compromising immune cell functions, which in turn affect systemic inflammatory conditions and regulation of whole-body metabolism. However, there is limited information on the inflammatory secretory factors creating the bone marrow microenvironment and how these factors changed during metabolic complications. This review summarizes recent findings on inflammatory and cellular changes in the bone marrow in relation to obesity and further discuss whether dietary intervention or physical activity may have beneficial effects on the bone marrow microenvironment and whole-body metabolism.
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31
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Zhang S, Sui Y, Fu X, Feng Y, Luo Z, Zhang Y, Wei S. Specific complexes derived from extracellular matrix facilitate generation of structural and drug-responsive human salivary gland microtissues through maintenance stem cell homeostasis. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 14:284-294. [PMID: 31833667 DOI: 10.1002/term.2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cultured salivary glands (SGs) microtissues hold great potentials for clinical research. However, most SGs microtissues still lack convincing structure and function due to poor supplementation of factors to maintain stem cell homeostasis. Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in regulating stem cell behavior. Thus, it is necessary to model stem cell microenvironment in vitro by supplementing culture medium with proteins derived from ECM. We prepared specific complexes from human SG ECM (s-Ecx) and analyzed the components of the s-Ecx. Human SG epithelial and mesenchymal cells were used to generate microtissues, and the optimum seeding cell number and ratio of two cell types were determined. Then, the s-Ecx was introduced to the culture medium to assess its effect on stem cell behavior. Multiple specific factors were presented in s-Ecx. s-Ecx promoted maintenance of the stem cell and formation of specific structures resembling that of salivary glands and containing mucins, which suggested stem cell differentiation potential. Moreover, treatment of the microtissues with s-Ecx increased their sensitivity to neurotransmitters. On the basis of the analysis of components, we believed that the presented growth factors are able to interact with stem cell they encountered in vivo, which promote the capacity to maintain stem cell homeostasis. This work provided foundations to study molecular mechanism of stem cell homeostasis in SGs and develop novel therapies for dry mouth through new drug discovery and disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Sui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanrui Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zuyuan Luo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Shicheng Wei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Central Laboratory, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
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32
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Nakamura-Ishizu A, Matsumura T, Stumpf PS, Umemoto T, Takizawa H, Takihara Y, O'Neil A, Majeed ABBA, MacArthur BD, Suda T. Thrombopoietin Metabolically Primes Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Megakaryocyte-Lineage Differentiation. Cell Rep 2019; 25:1772-1785.e6. [PMID: 30428347 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During acute myelosuppression or thrombocytopenia, bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic cells respond rapidly to replenish peripheral blood platelets. While the cytokine thrombopoietin (Thpo) both regulates platelet production and maintains HSC potential, whether Thpo controls megakaryocyte (Mk)-lineage differentiation of HSCs is unclear. Here, we show that Thpo rapidly upregulates mitochondrial activity in HSCs, an activity accompanied by differentiation to an Mk lineage. Moreover, in unperturbed hematopoiesis, HSCs with high mitochondrial activity exhibit Mk-lineage differentiation in vitro and myeloid lineage-biased reconstitution in vivo. Furthermore, Thpo skewed HSCs to express the tetraspanin CD9, a pattern correlated with mitochondrial activity. Mitochondria-active HSCs are resistant to apoptosis and oxidative stress upon Thpo stimulation. Thpo-regulated mitochondrial activity associated with mitochondrial translocation of STAT3 phosphorylated at serine 727. Overall, we report an important role for Thpo in regulating rapid Mk-lineage commitment. Thpo-dependent changes in mitochondrial metabolism prime HSCs to undergo direct differentiation to an Mk lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Nakamura-Ishizu
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, MD6, 117599 Singapore, Singapore; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City 860-0811, Japan.
| | - Takayoshi Matsumura
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, MD6, 117599 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick S Stumpf
- Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Terumasa Umemoto
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City 860-0811, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yuji Takihara
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, MD6, 117599 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aled O'Neil
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, MD6, 117599 Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ben D MacArthur
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City 860-0811, Japan; Mathematical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Centre for Human Development Stem Cells and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, MD6, 117599 Singapore, Singapore; International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City 860-0811, Japan.
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33
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Metalloproteases: On the Watch in the Hematopoietic Niche. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:1053-1070. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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34
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Sivan U, De Angelis J, Kusumbe AP. Role of angiocrine signals in bone development, homeostasis and disease. Open Biol 2019; 9:190144. [PMID: 31575330 PMCID: PMC6833221 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal vasculature plays a central role in the maintenance of microenvironments for osteogenesis and haematopoiesis. In addition to supplying oxygen and nutrients, vasculature provides a number of inductive factors termed as angiocrine signals. Blood vessels drive recruitment of osteoblast precursors and bone formation during development. Angiogenesis is indispensable for bone repair and regeneration. Dysregulation of the angiocrine crosstalk is a hallmark of ageing and pathobiological conditions in the skeletal system. The skeletal vascular bed is complex, heterogeneous and characterized by distinct capillary subtypes (type H and type L), which exhibit differential expression of angiocrine factors. Furthermore, distinct blood vessel subtypes with differential angiocrine profiles differentially regulate osteogenesis and haematopoiesis, and drive disease states in the skeletal system. This review provides an overview of the role of angiocrine signals in bone during homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unnikrishnan Sivan
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Jessica De Angelis
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Anjali P Kusumbe
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
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35
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Li H, Lim HC, Zacharaki D, Xian X, Kenswil KJG, Bräunig S, Raaijmakers MHGP, Woods NB, Hansson J, Scheding S. Early growth response 1 regulates hematopoietic support and proliferation in human primary bone marrow stromal cells. Haematologica 2019; 105:1206-1215. [PMID: 31371413 PMCID: PMC7193482 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.216648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) are key elements of the hematopoietic environment and they play a central role in bone and bone marrow physiology. However, how key stromal cell functions are regulated is largely unknown. We analyzed the role of the immediate early response transcription factor EGR1 as key stromal cell regulator and found that EGR1 was highly expressed in prospectively-isolated primary BMSC, down-regulated upon culture, and low in non-colony-forming CD45neg stromal cells. Furthermore, EGR1 expression was lower in proliferative regenerating adult and fetal primary cells compared to adult steady-state BMSC. Overexpression of EGR1 in stromal cells induced potent hematopoietic stroma support as indicated by an increased production of transplantable CD34+CD90+ hematopoietic stem cells in expansion co-cultures. The improvement in bone marrow stroma support function was mediated by increased expression of hematopoietic supporting genes, such as VCAM1 and CCL28. Furthermore, EGR1 overexpression markedly decreased stromal cell proliferation whereas EGR1 knockdown caused the opposite effects. These findings thus show that EGR1 is a key stromal transcription factor with a dual role in regulating proliferation and hematopoietic stroma support function that is controlling a genetic program to co-ordinate the specific functions of BMSC in their different biological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhe Li
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hooi-Ching Lim
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dimitra Zacharaki
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Xiaojie Xian
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Keane J G Kenswil
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sandro Bräunig
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Niels-Bjarne Woods
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hansson
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Scheding
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden .,Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Skåne, Sweden
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36
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Bone marrow sinusoidal endothelium as a facilitator/regulator of cell egress from the bone marrow. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 137:43-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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37
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Shrestha KR, Yoo SY. Phage-Based Artificial Niche: The Recent Progress and Future Opportunities in Stem Cell Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4038560. [PMID: 31073312 PMCID: PMC6470417 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4038560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells can be the best option for treating intractable diseases in regenerative medicine, and they occur when these cells reside in a special microenvironment, called the "stem cell niche." Thus, the niche is crucial for the effective performance of the stem cells in both in vivo and in vitro since the niche provides its functional cues by interacting with stem cells chemically, physically, or topologically. This review provides a perspective on the different types of artificial niches including engineered phage and how they could be used to recapitulate or manipulate stem cell niches. Phage-based artificial niche engineering as a promising therapeutic strategy for repair and regeneration of tissues is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitiz Raj Shrestha
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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38
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Nakamura N, Kimura T, Nam K, Fujisato T, Iwata H, Tsuji T, Kishida A. Induction of in Vivo Ectopic Hematopoiesis by a Three-Dimensional Structured Extracellular Matrix Derived from Decellularized Cancellous Bone. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5669-5680. [PMID: 33405698 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An in vitro blood production system could be an alternative to blood donation. We constructed a hematopoietic microenvironment using decellularized cancellous bones (DCBs) as scaffolds to sustain hematopoietic stem cells and supporting cells. The subcutaneous implantation of DCBs into mice with or without human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) revealed that regardless of the presence of hMSCs DCBs were recellularized by some host cells and induced hematopoiesis. The ability of DCB to promote hematopoiesis was investigated by focusing on the components and the structure of cancellous bone, specifically reticular and adipose tissues and trabecular bone. Two decellularization methods were used to prepare DCBs. The DCBs differed concerning reticular tissue and adipose tissue. DCBs with these tissues could be recellularized at the original cellular location. An implantation experiment with DCBs revealed that they were very favorable for the persistent homing of hematopoietic stem cells. In addition, DCBs promoted ectopic hematopoiesis. The findings indicate that reticular tissues are important in directing hematopoiesis of DCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Nakamura
- College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama-shi, Saitama 337-8570, Japan.,Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kimura
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kwangwoo Nam
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Toshiya Fujisato
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroo Iwata
- Institute for Frontier Medical Science, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuji
- Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, 2-2-3 minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Akio Kishida
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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39
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Brown Y, Hua S, Tanwar PS. Extracellular matrix-mediated regulation of cancer stem cells and chemoresistance. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 109:90-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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40
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Nemkov T, D'Alessandro A, Reisz JA. Metabolic underpinnings of leukemia pathology and treatment. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2019; 2:e1139. [PMID: 32721091 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinogenic transformation of white blood cells during hematopoiesis leads to the development of leukemia, a cancer characterized by incompetent immune cells and a disruption of normal bone marrow function. Leukemias are diverse in type, affected population, prognosis, and treatment regimen, yet a common theme in leukemia is the dysregulated metabolism of leukemic cells and leukemic stem cells with respect to their noncancerous counterparts. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, we highlight current findings that elucidate metabolic traits unique to the four major types of leukemia, which confer carcinogenic survival but can be potentially exploited for therapeutic intervention. These metabolic features can work in conjunction with or be independent of unique aspects of the bone marrow microenvironment that can also influence cell survival and proliferation, thus sustaining carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION Deepening our understanding of the interactions of leukemias with their niche environments in vivo will inform future treatments for leukemia, particularly for those that are refractive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and other therapeutic mainstays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Julie A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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41
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Burgess JK, Weckmann M, Karsdal MA. The message from the matrix-should we listen more closely? J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:S230-S233. [PMID: 30997184 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.01.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC (Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Weckmann
- Division of Pediatric Pneumology & Allergology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Centrum Lübeck, Member of Airway Research Center North (ARCN) of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany
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42
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Divieti Pajevic P, Krause DS. Osteocyte regulation of bone and blood. Bone 2019; 119:13-18. [PMID: 29458123 PMCID: PMC6095825 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This past decade has witnessed a renewed interest in the function and biology of matrix-embedded osteocytes and these cells have emerged as master regulators of bone homeostasis. They secrete two very powerful proteins, sclerostin, a Wnt-inhibitor, that suppresses bone formation, and receptor-activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL), a cytokine required for osteoclastogenesis. Neutralizing antibodies against these proteins are currently used for the treatment of osteoporosis. Recent studies however, ascribed yet another function to osteocytes: the control of hematopoiesis and the HSPC niche, directly and through secreted factors. In the absence of osteocytes there is an increase in HSC mobilization and abnormal lymphopoiesis whereas in the absence of Gsα signaling in these cells there is an increase of myeloid cells. How exactly osteocytes control hematopoiesis or the HSPC niche is still not completely understood. In this review we summarize the actions of osteocytes in bone and then analyze the effects of these cells on hematopoiesis. Future directions and gaps in current knowledge are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela S Krause
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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43
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Pardo-Saganta A, Calvo IA, Saez B, Prosper F. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Stem Cell Maintenance. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-019-0149-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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44
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Carlson P, Dasgupta A, Grzelak CA, Kim J, Barrett A, Coleman IM, Shor RE, Goddard ET, Dai J, Schweitzer EM, Lim AR, Crist SB, Cheresh DA, Nelson PS, Hansen KC, Ghajar CM. Targeting the perivascular niche sensitizes disseminated tumour cells to chemotherapy. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:238-250. [PMID: 30664790 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0267-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The presence of disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in bone marrow is predictive of poor metastasis-free survival of patients with breast cancer with localized disease. DTCs persist in distant tissues despite systemic administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. Many assume that this is because the majority of DTCs are quiescent. Here, we challenge this notion and provide evidence that the microenvironment of DTCs protects them from chemotherapy, independent of cell cycle status. We show that chemoresistant DTCs occupy the perivascular niche (PVN) of distant tissues, where they are protected from therapy by vascular endothelium. Inhibiting integrin-mediated interactions between DTCs and the PVN, driven partly by endothelial-derived von Willebrand factor and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, sensitizes DTCs to chemotherapy. Importantly, chemosensitization is achieved without inducing DTC proliferation or exacerbating chemotherapy-associated toxicities, and ultimately results in prevention of bone metastasis. This suggests that prefacing adjuvant therapy with integrin inhibitors is a viable clinical strategy to eradicate DTCs and prevent metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Carlson
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Arko Dasgupta
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Candice A Grzelak
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeanna Kim
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexander Barrett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ilsa M Coleman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryann E Shor
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Erica T Goddard
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jinxiang Dai
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emma M Schweitzer
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrea R Lim
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah B Crist
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David A Cheresh
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter S Nelson
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cyrus M Ghajar
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
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45
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Singh A, Yadav CB, Tabassum N, Bajpeyee AK, Verma V. Stem cell niche: Dynamic neighbor of stem cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 98:65-73. [PMID: 30563738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell niche is a specialized and dynamic microenvironment around the stem cells which plays a critical role in maintaining the stemness properties of stem cells. Over the years, advancement in the research activity has revealed the various important aspects of stem cell niche including cell-cell interaction, cell-extracellular matrix interaction, a large number of soluble signaling factors and various biochemical and biophysical cues (such as oxygen tension, flow, and shear and pore size). Stem cells have the potential to be a powerful tool in regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal property and immense differentiation potential. Recent progresses in in vitro culture conditions of embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells have enabled the researchers to investigate and understand the role of the microenvironment in stem cell properties. The engineered artificial stem cell niche has led to a better execution of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Here we elucidate the key components of stem cell niche and their role in niche engineering and stem cell therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuman Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, Nehru Science Complex, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - C B Yadav
- Centre of Biotechnology, Nehru Science Complex, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - N Tabassum
- Centre of Biotechnology, Nehru Science Complex, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - A K Bajpeyee
- Centre of Biotechnology, Nehru Science Complex, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - V Verma
- Centre of Biotechnology, Nehru Science Complex, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India.
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46
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Wenk C, Garz AK, Grath S, Huberle C, Witham D, Weickert M, Malinverni R, Niggemeyer J, Kyncl M, Hecker J, Pagel C, Mulholland CB, Müller-Thomas C, Leonhardt H, Bassermann F, Oostendorp RAJ, Metzeler KH, Buschbeck M, Götze KS. Direct modulation of the bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell compartment by azacitidine enhances healthy hematopoiesis. Blood Adv 2018; 2:3447-3461. [PMID: 30518537 PMCID: PMC6290099 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018022053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are crucial components of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment essential for regulating self-renewal, survival, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the stem cell niche. MSCs are functionally altered in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and exhibit an altered methylome compared with MSCs from healthy controls, thus contributing to disease progression. To determine whether MSCs are amenable to epigenetic therapy and if this affects their function, we examined growth, differentiation, and HSPC-supporting capacity of ex vivo-expanded MSCs from MDS patients in comparison with age-matched healthy controls after direct treatment in vitro with the hypomethylating agent azacitidine (AZA). Strikingly, we find that AZA exerts a direct effect on healthy as well as MDS-derived MSCs such that they favor support of healthy over malignant clonal HSPC expansion in coculture experiments. RNA-sequencing analyses of MSCs identified stromal networks regulated by AZA. Notably, these comprise distinct molecular pathways crucial for HSPC support, foremost extracellular matrix molecules (including collagens) and interferon pathway components. Our study demonstrates that the hypomethylating agent AZA exerts its antileukemic activity in part through a direct effect on the HSPC-supporting BM niche and provides proof of concept for the therapeutic potential of epigenetic treatment of diseased MSCs. In addition, our comprehensive data set of AZA-sensitive gene networks represents a valuable framework to guide future development of targeted epigenetic niche therapy in myeloid malignancies such as MDS and acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Wenk
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Garz
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja Grath
- Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Huberle
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Denis Witham
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marie Weickert
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Roberto Malinverni
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus ICO-Germany Trias I Pujol-Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Julia Niggemeyer
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michèle Kyncl
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Judith Hecker
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Charlotta Pagel
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Heinrich Leonhardt
- Department of Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany; and
- German Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Klaus H Metzeler
- Laboratory for Leukemia Diagnostics, Department of Medicine III, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany; and
- German Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Buschbeck
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus ICO-Germany Trias I Pujol-Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Program for Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Katharina S Götze
- Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany; and
- German Cancer Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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47
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Cai J, Lu W, Du S, Guo Z, Wang H, Wei W, Shen X. Tenascin-C Modulates Cell Cycle Progression to Enhance Tumour Cell Proliferation through AKT/FOXO1 Signalling in Pancreatic Cancer. J Cancer 2018; 9:4449-4462. [PMID: 30519351 PMCID: PMC6277647 DOI: 10.7150/jca.25926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease with an extremely poor prognosis that is characterized by a rich extracellular matrix (ECM). Tenascin-C (TNC) is a component of the ECM and plays a role in tumour progression. In this study, we reported that TNC is overexpressed in PDAC tissues and is correlated with tumour stage and cyclin D1 expression. Cyclin D1 is key regulator of the cell cycle G1/S transition. Further experiments revealed that TNC promotes G1/S transition through AKT signalling. TNC/AKT increases the expression of cyclin D1 by enhancing the transcriptional activity of β-catenin, whereas the translocation of FOXO1 from the nucleus results in the downregulation of p27Kip1. Cyclin D1 and p27Kip1 regulate the activity of cyclin D1-CDK4 complexes and retinoblastoma (Rb), and then they stimulate the progression of G1/S transition and tumour cell proliferation. In conclusion, TNC exerts its activating effect on the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through its functional target AKT/FOXO1/β-catenin. The molecular mechanisms that drive PDAC progression will be useful for the development of molecular markers and the evaluation of patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cai
- School of medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Shaoxia Du
- School of medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhongkui Guo
- School of medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu West Road, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xiaohong Shen
- School of medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
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48
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Quantitative spatial analysis of haematopoiesis-regulating stromal cells in the bone marrow microenvironment by 3D microscopy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2532. [PMID: 29955044 PMCID: PMC6023894 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinusoidal endothelial cells and mesenchymal CXCL12-abundant reticular cells are principal bone marrow stromal components, which critically modulate haematopoiesis at various levels, including haematopoietic stem cell maintenance. These stromal subsets are thought to be scarce and function via highly specific interactions in anatomically confined niches. Yet, knowledge on their abundance, global distribution and spatial associations remains limited. Using three-dimensional quantitative microscopy we show that sinusoidal endothelial and mesenchymal reticular subsets are remarkably more abundant than estimated by conventional flow cytometry. Moreover, both cell types assemble in topologically complex networks, associate to extracellular matrix and pervade marrow tissues. Through spatial statistical methods we challenge previous models and demonstrate that even in the absence of major specific interaction forces, virtually all tissue-resident cells are invariably in physical contact with, or close proximity to, mesenchymal reticular and sinusoidal endothelial cells. We further show that basic structural features of these stromal components are preserved during ageing. The bone marrow microenvironment modulates haematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Here, the authors use 3D microscopy to map the topography of haematopoietic stem cell niche stromal components.
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49
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Kim HY, Baek S, Han NR, Lee E, Park CK, Lee ST. Identification of integrin heterodimers functioning on the surface of undifferentiated porcine primed embryonic stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1221-1227. [PMID: 29809293 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In vitro expansion of undifferentiated porcine primed embryonic stem (ES) cells is facilitated by use of non-cellular niches that mimic three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments enclosing an inner cell mass of porcine blastocysts. Therefore, we investigated the integrin heterodimers on the surface of undifferentiated porcine primed ES cells for the purpose of developing a non-cellular niche to support in vitro maintenance of the self-renewal ability of porcine primed ES cells. Immunocytochemistry and a fluorescence immunoassay were performed to assess integrin α and β subunit levels, and attachment and antibody inhibition assays were used to evaluate the function of integrin heterodimers. The integrin α3 , α5 , α6 , α9 , αV , and β1 subunits, but not the α1 , α2 , α4 , α7 , and α8 subunits, were identified on the surface of undifferentiated porcine primed ES cells. Subsequently, significant increase of their adhesion to fibronectin, tenascin C, and vitronectin were observed and functional blocking of integrin heterodimer α5 β1 , α9 β1 , or αV β1 showed significantly inhibited adhesion to fibronectin, tenascin C, or vitronectin. No integrin α6 β1 heterodimer-mediated adhesion to laminin was detected. These results demonstrate that active α5 β1 , α9 β1 , and αV β1 integrin heterodimers are present on the surface of undifferentiated porcine primed ES cells, together with inactive integrin α3 (presumed) and α6 subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Young Kim
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Song Baek
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Na Rae Han
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Eunsong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Choon-Keun Park
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
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50
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Bello AB, Park H, Lee SH. Current approaches in biomaterial-based hematopoietic stem cell niches. Acta Biomater 2018; 72:1-15. [PMID: 29578087 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate and replenish blood and immune cells. While there is a growing demand for autologous and allogeneic HSC transplantation owing to the increasing incidence of hereditary and hematologic diseases, the low population of HSCs in cord-blood and bone marrow (the main source of HSCs) hinders their medical applicability. Several cytokine and growth factor-based methods have been developed to expand the HSCs in vitro; however, the expansion rate is low, or the expanded cells fail to survive upon engraftment. This is at least in part because the overly simplistic polystyrene culture substrates fail to fully replicate the microenvironments or niches where these stem cells live. Bone marrow niches are multi-dimensional, complex systems that involve both biochemical (cells, growth factors, and cytokines) and physiochemical (stiffness, O2 concentration, and extracellular matrix presentation) factors that regulate the quiescence, proliferation, activation, and differentiation of the HSCs. Although several studies have been conducted on in vitro HSC expansion via 2D and 3D biomaterial-based platforms, additional work is required to engineer an effective biomaterial platform that mimics bone marrow niches. In this study, the factors that regulate the HSC in vivo were explained and their applications in the engineering of a bone marrow biomaterial-based platform were discussed. In addition, current approaches, challenges, and the future direction of a biomaterial-based culture and expansion of the HSC were examined. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are multipotent cells that can differentiate and replace the blood and immune cells of the body. However, in vivo, there is a low population of these cells, and thus their use in biotherapeutic and medical applications is limited (i.e., bone marrow transplantation). In this review, the biochemical factors (growth factors, cytokines, co-existing cells, ECM, gas concentrations, and differential gene expression) that may regulate the over-all fate of HSC, in vivo, were summarized and discussed. Moreover, different conventional and recent biomaterial platforms were reviewed, and their potential in generating a biomaterial-based, BM niche-mimicking platform for the efficient growth and expansion of clinically relevant HSCs in-vitro, was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Bacero Bello
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-Si 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-Si 13488, Republic of Korea.
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