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Zhang Y, Kang Z, Liu M, Wang L, Liu F. Single-cell omics identifies inflammatory signaling as a trans-differentiation trigger in mouse embryos. Dev Cell 2024; 59:961-978.e7. [PMID: 38508181 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Trans-differentiation represents a direct lineage conversion; however, insufficient characterization of this process hinders its potential applications. Here, to explore a potential universal principal for trans-differentiation, we performed single-cell transcriptomic analysis of endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT), endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in mouse embryos. We applied three scoring indexes of entropies, cell-type signature transcription factor expression, and critical transition signals to show common features underpinning the fate plasticity of transition states. Cross-model comparison identified inflammatory-featured transition states and a common trigger role of interleukin-33 in promoting fate conversions. Multimodal profiling (integrative transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analysis) demonstrated the inflammatory regulation of hematopoietic specification. Furthermore, multimodal omics and fate-mapping analyses showed that endothelium-specific Spi1, as an inflammatory effector, governs appropriate chromatin accessibility and transcriptional programs to safeguard EHT. Overall, our study employs single-cell omics to identify critical transition states/signals and the common trigger role of inflammatory signaling in developmental-stress-induced fate conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhixin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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2
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Thambyrajah R, Maqueda M, Neo WH, Imbach K, Guillén Y, Grases D, Fadlullah Z, Gambera S, Matteini F, Wang X, Calero-Nieto FJ, Esteller M, Florian MC, Porta E, Benedito R, Göttgens B, Lacaud G, Espinosa L, Bigas A. Cis inhibition of NOTCH1 through JAGGED1 sustains embryonic hematopoietic stem cell fate. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1604. [PMID: 38383534 PMCID: PMC10882055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from the hemogenic endothelium (HE) in the aorta- gonads-and mesonephros (AGM) region and reside within Intra-aortic hematopoietic clusters (IAHC) along with hematopoietic progenitors (HPC). The signalling mechanisms that distinguish HSCs from HPCs are unknown. Notch signaling is essential for arterial specification, IAHC formation and HSC activity, but current studies on how Notch segregates these different fates are inconsistent. We now demonstrate that Notch activity is highest in a subset of, GFI1 + , HSC-primed HE cells, and is gradually lost with HSC maturation. We uncover that the HSC phenotype is maintained due to increasing levels of NOTCH1 and JAG1 interactions on the surface of the same cell (cis) that renders the NOTCH1 receptor from being activated. Forced activation of the NOTCH1 receptor in IAHC activates a hematopoietic differentiation program. Our results indicate that NOTCH1-JAG1 cis-inhibition preserves the HSC phenotype in the hematopoietic clusters of the embryonic aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshana Thambyrajah
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Maqueda
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wen Hao Neo
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kathleen Imbach
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Guillén
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniela Grases
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zaki Fadlullah
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stefano Gambera
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Matteini
- Stem Cell Aging Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program for advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia (P-CMR[C]), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fernando J Calero-Nieto
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Carolina Florian
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
- Stem Cell Aging Group, Regenerative Medicine Program, The Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Program for advancing the Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine of Catalonia (P-CMR[C]), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Porta
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Benedito
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Georges Lacaud
- Cancer Research UK Stem Cell Biology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lluis Espinosa
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Program in Cancer Research. Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red (CIBER), Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Liu Y, Zuo X, Chen P, Hu X, Sheng Z, Liu A, Liu Q, Leng S, Zhang X, Li X, Wang L, Feng Q, Li C, Hou M, Chu C, Ma S, Wang S, Peng J. Deciphering transcriptome alterations in bone marrow hematopoiesis at single-cell resolution in immune thrombocytopenia. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:347. [PMID: 36202780 PMCID: PMC9537316 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder, in which megakaryocyte dysfunction caused by an autoimmune reaction can lead to thrombocytopenia, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell transcriptome profiling of bone marrow CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to determine defects in megakaryopoiesis in ITP. Gene expression, cell-cell interactions, and transcriptional regulatory networks varied in HSPCs of ITP, particularly in immune cell progenitors. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis indicated that there was an impaired megakaryopoiesis of ITP. Flow cytometry confirmed that the number of CD9+ and HES1+ cells from Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs decreased in ITP. Liquid culture assays demonstrated that CD9+Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs tended to differentiate into megakaryocytes; however, this tendency was not observed in ITP patients and more erythrocytes were produced. The percentage of megakaryocytes differentiated from CD9+Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs was 3-fold higher than that of the CD9− counterparts from healthy controls (HCs), whereas, in ITP patients, the percentage decreased to only 1/4th of that in the HCs and was comparable to that from the CD9− HSPCs. Additionally, when co-cultured with pre-B cells from ITP patients, the differentiation of CD9+Lin−CD34+CD45RA− HSPCs toward the megakaryopoietic lineage was impaired. Further analysis revealed that megakaryocytic progenitors (MkP) can be divided into seven subclusters with different gene expression patterns and functions. The ITP-associated DEGs were MkP subtype-specific, with most DEGs concentrated in the subcluster possessing dual functions of immunomodulation and platelet generation. This study comprehensively dissects defective hematopoiesis and provides novel insights regarding the pathogenesis of ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xinyi Zuo
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zi Sheng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Anli Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shaoqiu Leng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Limei Wang
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chaoyang Li
- Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chong Chu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Shihui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China. .,Shangdong Key Laboratory of Immunochematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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4
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Mimicry of embryonic circulation enhances the hoxa hemogenic niche and human blood development. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111339. [PMID: 36103836 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Precursors of the adult hematopoietic system arise from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region shortly after the embryonic circulation is established. Here, we develop a microfluidic culture system to mimic the primitive embryonic circulation and address the hypothesis that circulatory flow and shear stress enhance embryonic blood development. Embryonic (HOXA+) hematopoiesis was derived from human pluripotent stem cells and induced from mesoderm by small-molecule manipulation of TGF-β and WNT signaling (SB/CHIR). Microfluidic and orbital culture promoted the formation of proliferative CD34+RUNX1C-GFP+SOX17-mCHERRY+ precursor cells that were released into the artificial circulation from SOX17+ arterial-like structures. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis delineated extra-embryonic (yolk sac) and HOXA+ embryonic blood differentiation pathways. SB/CHIR and circulatory flow enhance hematopoiesis by the formation of proliferative HOXA+RUNX1C+CD34+ precursor cells that differentiate into monocyte/macrophage, granulocyte, erythrocyte, and megakaryocyte progenitors.
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5
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Challenges in Cell Fate Acquisition to Scid-Repopulating Activity from Hemogenic Endothelium of hiPSCs Derived from AML Patients Using Forced Transcription Factor Expression. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121915. [PMID: 35741044 PMCID: PMC9221973 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) represents a major goal in regenerative medicine and is believed would follow principles of early development. HSCs arise from a type of endothelial cell called a “hemogenic endothelium” (HE), and human HSCs are experimentally detected by transplantation into SCID or other immune-deficient mouse recipients, termed SCID-Repopulating Cells (SRC). Recently, SRCs were detected by forced expression of seven transcription factors (TF) (ERG, HOXA5, HOXA9, HOXA10, LCOR, RUNX1, and SPI1) in hPSC-derived HE, suggesting these factors are deficient in hPSC differentiation to HEs required to generate HSCs. Here we derived PECAM-1-, Flk-1-, and VE-cadherin-positive endothelial cells that also lack CD45 expression (PFVCD45−) which are solely responsible for hematopoietic output from iPSC lines reprogrammed from AML patients. Using HEs derived from AML patient iPSCs devoid of somatic leukemic aberrations, we sought to generate putative SRCs by the forced expression of 7TFs to model autologous HSC transplantation. The expression of 7TFs in hPSC-derived HE cells from an enhanced hematopoietic progenitor capacity was present in vitro, but failed to acquire SRC activity in vivo. Our findings emphasize the benefits of forced TF expression, along with the continued challenges in developing HSCs for autologous-based therapies from hPSC sources.
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6
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Xie X, Geng C, Li X, Liao J, Li Y, Guo Y, Wang C. Roles of gastrointestinal polypeptides in intestinal barrier regulation. Peptides 2022; 151:170753. [PMID: 35114316 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is a dynamic entity that is organized as a multilayer system and includes various intracellular and extracellular elements. The gut barrier functions in a coordinated manner to impede the passage of antigens, toxins, and microbiome components and simultaneously preserves the balanced development of the epithelial barrier and the immune system and the acquisition of tolerance to dietary antigens and intestinal pathogens.Numerous scientific studies have shown a significant association between gut barrier damage and gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease and hepatic fibrosis. Various internal and external factors regulate the intestinal barrier. Gastrointestinal peptides originate from enteroendocrine cells in the luminal digestive tract and are critical gut barrier regulators. Recent studies have demonstrated that gastrointestinal peptides have a therapeutic effect on digestive tract diseases, enhancing epithelial barrier activity and restoring the gut barrier. This review demonstrates the roles and mechanisms of gastrointestinal polypeptides, especially somatostatin (SST) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), in intestinal barrier regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Division of Digestive Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Liao
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanni Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaoyu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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7
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Thambyrajah R, Bigas A. Notch Signaling in HSC Emergence: When, Why and How. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030358. [PMID: 35159166 PMCID: PMC8833884 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) sustains blood homeostasis throughout life in vertebrates. During embryonic development, HSCs emerge from the aorta-gonads and mesonephros (AGM) region along with hematopoietic progenitors within hematopoietic clusters which are found in the dorsal aorta, the main arterial vessel. Notch signaling, which is essential for arterial specification of the aorta, is also crucial in hematopoietic development and HSC activity. In this review, we will present and discuss the evidence that we have for Notch activity in hematopoietic cell fate specification and the crosstalk with the endothelial and arterial lineage. The core hematopoietic program is conserved across vertebrates and here we review studies conducted using different models of vertebrate hematopoiesis, including zebrafish, mouse and in vitro differentiated Embryonic stem cells. To fulfill the goal of engineering HSCs in vitro, we need to understand the molecular processes that modulate Notch signaling during HSC emergence in a temporal and spatial context. Here, we review relevant contributions from different model systems that are required to specify precursors of HSC and HSC activity through Notch interactions at different stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshana Thambyrajah
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (A.B.); Tel.: +34-933160437 (R.T.); +34-933160440 (A.B.)
| | - Anna Bigas
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (A.B.); Tel.: +34-933160437 (R.T.); +34-933160440 (A.B.)
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8
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Wu N, Cheng CJ, Zhong JJ, He JC, Zhang ZS, Wang ZG, Sun XC, Liu H. Essential role of MALAT1 in reducing traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1776-1784. [PMID: 35017438 PMCID: PMC8820691 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.332156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As a highly evolutionary conserved long non-coding RNA, metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) was first demonstrated to be related to lung tumor metastasis by promoting angiogenesis. To investigate the role of MALAT1 in traumatic brain injury, we established mouse models of controlled cortical impact and cell models of oxygen-glucose deprivation to mimic traumatic brain injury in vitro and in vivo. The results revealed that MALAT1 silencing in vitro inhibited endothelial cell viability and tube formation but increased migration. In MALAT1-deficient mice, endothelial cell proliferation in the injured cortex, functional vessel density and cerebral blood flow were reduced. Bioinformatic analyses and RNA pull-down assays validated enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) as a downstream factor of MALAT1 in endothelial cells. Jagged-1, the Notch homolog 1 (NOTCH1) agonist, reversed the MALAT1 deficiency-mediated impairment of angiogenesis. Taken together, our results suggest that MALAT1 controls the key processes of angiogenesis following traumatic brain injury in an EZH2/NOTCH1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong-Jie Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun-Chi He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhao-Si Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Chuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing; Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao Campus), Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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9
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Xiao ST, Kuang CY. Endothelial progenitor cells and coronary artery disease: Current concepts and future research directions. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:8953-8966. [PMID: 34786379 PMCID: PMC8567528 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i30.8953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular injury is a frequent pathology in coronary artery disease. To repair the vasculature, scientists have found that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have excellent properties associated with angiogenesis. Over time, research on EPCs has made encouraging progress regardless of pathology or clinical technology. This review focuses on the origins and cell markers of EPCs, and the connection between EPCs and coronary artery disease. In addition, we summarized various studies of EPC-capturing stents and EPC infusion therapy, and aim to learn from past technology to predict the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen-Tong Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550003, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Chun-Yan Kuang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550003, Guizhou Province, China
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10
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Allam AH, Charnley M, Pham K, Russell SM. Developing T cells form an immunological synapse for passage through the β-selection checkpoint. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:e201908108. [PMID: 33464309 PMCID: PMC7814350 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201908108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-selection checkpoint of T cell development tests whether the cell has recombined its genomic DNA to produce a functional T cell receptor β (TCRβ). Passage through the β-selection checkpoint requires the nascent TCRβ protein to mediate signaling through a pre-TCR complex. In this study, we show that developing T cells at the β-selection checkpoint establish an immunological synapse in in vitro and in situ, resembling that of the mature T cell. The immunological synapse is dependent on two key signaling pathways known to be critical for the transition beyond the β-selection checkpoint, Notch and CXCR4 signaling. In vitro and in situ analyses indicate that the immunological synapse promotes passage through the β-selection checkpoint. Collectively, these data indicate that developing T cells regulate pre-TCR signaling through the formation of an immunological synapse. This signaling platform integrates cues from Notch, CXCR4, and MHC on the thymic stromal cell to allow transition beyond the β-selection checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H. Allam
- Optical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mirren Charnley
- Optical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim Pham
- Optical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah M. Russell
- Optical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia
- Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Australia
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Abdelgawad ME, Desterke C, Uzan G, Naserian S. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling and characterization of endothelial progenitor cells: new approach for finding novel markers. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:145. [PMID: 33627177 PMCID: PMC7905656 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are promising candidates for the cellular therapy of peripheral arterial and cardiovascular diseases. However, hitherto there is no specific marker(s) defining precisely EPCs. Herein, we are proposing a new in silico approach for finding novel EPC markers. Methods We assembled five groups of chosen EPC-related genes/factors using PubMed literature and Gene Ontology databases. This shortened database of EPC factors was fed into publically published transcriptome matrix to compare their expression between endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), HUVECs, and two adult endothelial cell types (ECs) from the skin and adipose tissue. Further, the database was used for functional enrichment on Mouse Phenotype database and protein-protein interaction network analyses. Moreover, we built a digital matrix of healthy donors’ PBMCs (33 thousand single-cell transcriptomes) and analyzed the expression of these EPC factors. Results Transcriptome analyses showed that BMP2, 4, and ephrinB2 were exclusively highly expressed in EPCs; the expression of neuropilin-1 and VEGF-C were significantly higher in EPCs and HUVECs compared with other ECs; Notch 1 was highly expressed in EPCs and skin-ECs; MIR21 was highly expressed in skin-ECs; PECAM-1 was significantly higher in EPCs and adipose ECs. Moreover, functional enrichment of EPC-related genes on Mouse Phenotype and STRING protein database has revealed significant relations between chosen EPC factors and endothelial and vascular functions, development, and morphogenesis, where ephrinB2, BMP2, and BMP4 were highly expressed in EPCs and were connected to abnormal vascular functions. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses have revealed that among the EPC-regulated markers in transcriptome analyses, (i) ICAM1 and Endoglin were weekly expressed in the monocyte compartment of the peripheral blood; (ii) CD163 and CD36 were highly expressed in the CD14+ monocyte compartment whereas CSF1R was highly expressed in the CD16+ monocyte compartment, (iii) L-selectin and IL6R were globally expressed in the lymphoid/myeloid compartments, and (iv) interestingly, PLAUR/UPAR and NOTCH2 were highly expressed in both CD14+ and CD16+ monocytic compartments. Conclusions The current study has identified novel EPC markers that could be used for better characterization of EPC subpopulation in adult peripheral blood and subsequent usage of EPCs for various cell therapy and regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Essameldin Abdelgawad
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biotechnology Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Innovative Cellular Microenvironment Optimization Platform (ICMOP), Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. .,Inserm UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800, Villejuif, France. .,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.
| | - Christophe Desterke
- Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.,Inserm UMR-S-MD A9, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - Georges Uzan
- Inserm UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800, Villejuif, France.,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Sina Naserian
- Inserm UMR-S-MD 1197, Hôpital Paul Brousse - Bâtiment Lavoisier, 12-14 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800, Villejuif, France. .,Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France. .,CellMedEx, Saint Maur des Fossés, France.
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12
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Trombetta-Lima M, Assis-Ribas T, Cintra RC, Campeiro JD, Guerreiro JR, Winnischofer SMB, Nascimento ICC, Ulrich H, Hayashi MAF, Sogayar MC. Impact of Reck expression and promoter activity in neuronal in vitro differentiation. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1985-1994. [PMID: 33619662 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reck (REversion-inducing Cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs) tumor suppressor gene encodes a multifunctional glycoprotein which inhibits the activity of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and has the ability to modulate the Notch and canonical Wnt pathways. Reck-deficient neuro-progenitor cells undergo precocious differentiation; however, modulation of Reck expression during progression of the neuronal differentiation process is yet to be characterized. In the present study, we demonstrate that Reck expression levels are increased during in vitro neuronal differentiation of PC12 pheochromocytoma cells and P19 murine teratocarcinoma cells and characterize mouse Reck promoter activity during this process. Increased Reck promoter activity was found upon induction of differentiation in PC12 cells, in accordance with its increased mRNA expression levels in mouse in vitro models. Interestingly, Reck overexpression, prior to the beginning of the differentiation protocol, led to diminished efficiency of the neuronal differentiation process. Taken together, our findings suggest that increased Reck expression at early stages of differentiation diminishes the number of neuron-like cells, which are positive for the beta-3 tubulin marker. Our data highlight the importance of Reck expression evaluation to optimize in vitro neuronal differentiation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Trombetta-Lima
- Núcleo de Terapia Celular e Molecular (NUCEL), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Rua Pangaré, 100 (Cidade Universitária), São Paulo, SP, 05360-130, Brazil
| | - Thais Assis-Ribas
- Núcleo de Terapia Celular e Molecular (NUCEL), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Rua Pangaré, 100 (Cidade Universitária), São Paulo, SP, 05360-130, Brazil
| | - Ricardo C Cintra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Joana D Campeiro
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua 3 de Maio 100, Ed INFAR, 3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Juliano R Guerreiro
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Paulista (UNIP), São Paulo, SP, 05347-020, Brazil
| | - Sheila M B Winnischofer
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Isis C C Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mirian A F Hayashi
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua 3 de Maio 100, Ed INFAR, 3º andar, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil.
| | - Mari C Sogayar
- Núcleo de Terapia Celular e Molecular (NUCEL), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Rua Pangaré, 100 (Cidade Universitária), São Paulo, SP, 05360-130, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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13
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Li Y, Wang D, Wang H, Huang X, Wen Y, Wang B, Xu C, Gao J, Liu J, Tong J, Wang M, Su P, Ren S, Ma F, Li H, Bresnick EH, Zhou J, Shi L. A splicing factor switch controls hematopoietic lineage specification of pluripotent stem cells. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e50535. [PMID: 33319461 PMCID: PMC7788460 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) leads to transcriptome diversity in eukaryotic cells and is one of the key regulators driving cellular differentiation. Although AS is of crucial importance for normal hematopoiesis and hematopoietic malignancies, its role in early hematopoietic development is still largely unknown. Here, by using high-throughput transcriptomic analyses, we show that pervasive and dynamic AS takes place during hematopoietic development of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). We identify a splicing factor switch that occurs during the differentiation of mesodermal cells to endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Perturbation of this switch selectively impairs the emergence of EPCs and hemogenic endothelial progenitor cells (HEPs). Mechanistically, an EPC-induced alternative spliced isoform of NUMB dictates EPC specification by controlling NOTCH signaling. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the splicing factor SRSF2 regulates splicing of the EPC-induced NUMB isoform, and the SRSF2-NUMB-NOTCH splicing axis regulates EPC generation. The identification of this splicing factor switch provides a new molecular mechanism to control cell fate and lineage specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Ding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Yuqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - BingRui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Changlu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Jinhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Jingyuan Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Mengge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Sirui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Feng Ma
- Institute of Blood TransfusionChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChengduChina
| | - Hong‐Dong Li
- School of Computer Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Emery H Bresnick
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research InstituteDepartment of Cell and Regenerative BiologySchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyNational Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjinChina
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14
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Zohorsky K, Mequanint K. Designing Biomaterials to Modulate Notch Signaling in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:383-410. [PMID: 33040694 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The design of cell-instructive biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is at a crossroads. Although the conventional tissue engineering approach is top-down (cells seeded to macroporous scaffolds and mature to form tissues), bottom-up tissue engineering strategies are becoming appealing. With such developments, we can study cell signaling events, thus enabling functional tissue assembly in physiologic and diseased models. Among many important signaling pathways, the Notch signaling pathway is the most diverse in its influence during tissue morphogenesis and repair following injury. Although Notch signaling is extensively studied in developmental biology and cancer biology, our knowledge of designing biomaterial-based Notch signaling platforms and incorporating Notch signaling components into engineered tissue systems is limited. By incorporating Notch signaling to tissue engineering scaffolds, we can direct cell-specific responses and improve engineered tissue maturation. This review will discuss recent progress in the development of Notch signaling biomaterials as a promising target to control cellular fate decisions, including the influences of ligand identity, biophysical material cues, ligand presentation strategies, and mechanotransduction. Notch signaling is consequently of interest to direct, control, and reprogram cellular behavior on a biomaterial surface. We anticipate that discussions in this article will allow for enhanced knowledge and insight into designing Notch targeted biomaterials for various tissue engineering and cell fate determinations. Impact statement Notch signaling is recognized as an important pathway in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; however, there is no systematic review on this topic. The comprehensive review and perspectives presented here provide an in-depth discussion on ligand presentation strategies both in 2D and in 3D cell culture environments involving biomaterials/scaffolds. In addition, this review article provides insight into the challenges in designing cell surrogate biomaterials capable of providing Notch signals. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first review relevant to the fields of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Zohorsky
- School of Biomedical Engineering and The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Kibret Mequanint
- School of Biomedical Engineering and The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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15
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Wang H, Wang M, Wang Y, Wen Y, Chen X, Wu D, Su P, Zhou W, Shi L, Zhou J. MSX2 suppression through inhibition of TGFβ signaling enhances hematopoietic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:147. [PMID: 32248833 PMCID: PMC7132876 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01653-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strategies of generating functional blood cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) remain largely unsuccessful due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of hematopoietic development. Endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) serves as the pivotal mechanism for the onset of hematopoiesis and is negatively regulated by TGF-β signaling. However, little is known about the underlying details of TGF-β signaling during EHT. Methods In this study, by applying genome-wide gene profiling, we identified muscle segment homeobox2 (MSX2) as a potential mediator of TGF-β signaling during EHT. We generated MSX2-deleted human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology and induced them to undergo hematopoietic differentiation. The role of MSX2 in hematopoiesis and functional regulation of TGFβ signaling in EHT was studied. Results We identified MSX2 as a novel regulator of human hematopoiesis. MSX2 deletion promotes the production of hematopoietic cells from hESCs. Functional and bioinformatics studies further demonstrated that MSX2 deletion augments hematopoietic differentiation of hESCs by facilitating EHT. Mechanistically, MSX2 acts as a downstream target of TGFβ signaling to mediate its function during EHT. Conclusions Our results not only improve the understanding of EHT, but may also provide novel insight into the efficient production of functional blood cells from hPSCs for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Mengge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, National Health and Family Planning Commission; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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16
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Singh BN, Gong W, Das S, Theisen JWM, Sierra-Pagan JE, Yannopoulos D, Skie E, Shah P, Garry MG, Garry DJ. Etv2 transcriptionally regulates Yes1 and promotes cell proliferation during embryogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9736. [PMID: 31278282 PMCID: PMC6611806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Etv2, an Ets-transcription factor, governs the specification of the earliest hemato-endothelial progenitors during embryogenesis. While the transcriptional networks during hemato-endothelial development have been well described, the mechanistic details are incompletely defined. In the present study, we described a new role for Etv2 as a regulator of cellular proliferation via Yes1 in mesodermal lineages. Analysis of an Etv2-ChIPseq dataset revealed significant enrichment of Etv2 peaks in the upstream regions of cell cycle regulatory genes relative to non-cell cycle genes. Our bulk-RNAseq analysis using the doxycycline-inducible Etv2 ES/EB system showed increased levels of cell cycle genes including E2f4 and Ccne1 as early as 6 h following Etv2 induction. Further, EdU-incorporation studies demonstrated that the induction of Etv2 resulted in a ~2.5-fold increase in cellular proliferation, supporting a proliferative role for Etv2 during differentiation. Next, we identified Yes1 as the top-ranked candidate that was expressed in Etv2-EYFP+ cells at E7.75 and E8.25 using single cell RNA-seq analysis. Doxycycline-mediated induction of Etv2 led to an increase in Yes1 transcripts in a dose-dependent fashion. In contrast, the level of Yes1 was reduced in Etv2 null embryoid bodies. Using bioinformatics algorithms, biochemical, and molecular biology techniques, we show that Etv2 binds to the promoter region of Yes1 and functions as a direct upstream transcriptional regulator of Yes1 during embryogenesis. These studies enhance our understanding of the mechanisms whereby Etv2 governs mesodermal fate decisions early during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhairab N Singh
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Wuming Gong
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Satyabrata Das
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Joshua W M Theisen
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Javier E Sierra-Pagan
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Demetris Yannopoulos
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Erik Skie
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Pruthvi Shah
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Mary G Garry
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Daniel J Garry
- Medicine Department and the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. .,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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17
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Wang M, Wang H, Wen Y, Chen X, Liu X, Gao J, Su P, Xu Y, Zhou W, Shi L, Zhou J. MEIS2 regulates endothelial to hematopoietic transition of human embryonic stem cells by targeting TAL1. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:340. [PMID: 30526668 PMCID: PMC6286587 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite considerable progress in the development of methods for hematopoietic differentiation, efficient generation of transplantable hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and other genuine functional blood cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is still unsuccessful. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying hematopoietic differentiation of hESCs is highly demanded. Methods In this study, by using whole-genome gene profiling, we identified Myeloid Ectopic Viral Integration Site 2 homolog (MEIS2) as a potential regulator of hESC early hematopoietic differentiation. We deleted MEIS2 gene in hESCs using the CRISPR/CAS9 technology and induced them to hematopoietic differentiation, megakaryocytic differentiation. Results In this study, we found that MEIS2 deletion impairs early hematopoietic differentiation from hESCs. Furthermore, MEIS2 deletion suppresses hemogenic endothelial specification and endothelial to hematopoietic transition (EHT), leading to the impairment of hematopoietic differentiation. Mechanistically, TAL1 acts as a downstream gene mediating the function of MEIS2 during early hematopoiesis. Interestingly, unlike MEIS1, MEIS2 deletion exerts minimal effects on megakaryocytic differentiation and platelet generation from hESCs. Conclusions Our findings advance the understanding of human hematopoietic development and may provide new insights for large-scale generation of functional blood cells for clinical applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1074-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Science and Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Jiaxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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18
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Bertucci TB, Dai G. Biomaterial Engineering for Controlling Pluripotent Stem Cell Fate. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9068203. [PMID: 30627175 PMCID: PMC6304878 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9068203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) represent an exciting cell source for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and differentiation capacities. The majority of current PSC protocols rely on 2D cultures and soluble factors to guide differentiation; however, many other environmental signals are beginning to be explored using biomaterial platforms. Biomaterials offer new opportunities to engineer the stem cell niches and 3D environments for exploring biophysical and immobilized signaling cues to further our control over stem cell fate. Here, we review the biomaterial platforms that have been engineered to control PSC fate. We explore how altering immobilized biochemical cues and biophysical cues such as dimensionality, stiffness, and topography can enhance our control over stem cell fates. Finally, we highlight biomaterial culture systems that assist in the translation of PSC technologies for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Bertucci
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Guohao Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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19
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Uenishi GI, Jung HS, Kumar A, Park MA, Hadland BK, McLeod E, Raymond M, Moskvin O, Zimmerman CE, Theisen DJ, Swanson S, J Tamplin O, Zon LI, Thomson JA, Bernstein ID, Slukvin II. NOTCH signaling specifies arterial-type definitive hemogenic endothelium from human pluripotent stem cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1828. [PMID: 29739946 PMCID: PMC5940870 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
NOTCH signaling is required for the arterial specification and formation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and lympho-myeloid progenitors in the embryonic aorta-gonad-mesonephros region and extraembryonic vasculature from a distinct lineage of vascular endothelial cells with hemogenic potential. However, the role of NOTCH signaling in hemogenic endothelium (HE) specification from human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) has not been studied. Here, using a chemically defined hPSC differentiation system combined with the use of DLL1-Fc and DAPT to manipulate NOTCH, we discover that NOTCH activation in hPSC-derived immature HE progenitors leads to formation of CD144+CD43−CD73−DLL4+Runx1 + 23-GFP+ arterial-type HE, which requires NOTCH signaling to undergo endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition and produce definitive lympho-myeloid and erythroid cells. These findings demonstrate that NOTCH-mediated arterialization of HE is an essential prerequisite for establishing definitive lympho-myeloid program and suggest that exploring molecular pathways that lead to arterial specification may aid in vitro approaches to enhance definitive hematopoiesis from hPSCs. It is unclear whether arterial specification is required for hematopoietic stem cell formation. Here, the authors use a chemically defined human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) differentiation system to show the role of NOTCH signaling in forming arterial-type hemogenic endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene I Uenishi
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Ho Sun Jung
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Mi Ae Park
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Brandon K Hadland
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Ethan McLeod
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Matthew Raymond
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Oleg Moskvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Catherine E Zimmerman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Derek J Theisen
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Scott Swanson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Owen J Tamplin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - James A Thomson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53707, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Irwin D Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Igor I Slukvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53715, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53792, USA. .,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53707, USA.
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20
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Leung A, Zulick E, Skvir N, Vanuytsel K, Morrison TA, Naing ZH, Wang Z, Dai Y, Chui DHK, Steinberg MH, Sherr DH, Murphy GJ. Notch and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Impact Definitive Hematopoiesis from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1004-1019. [PMID: 29569827 PMCID: PMC6099224 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) stand to revolutionize the way we study human development, model disease, and eventually, treat patients. However, these cell sources produce progeny that retain embryonic and/or fetal characteristics. The failure to mature to definitive, adult‐type cells is a major barrier for iPSC‐based disease modeling and drug discovery. To directly address these concerns, we have developed a chemically defined, serum and feeder‐free–directed differentiation platform to generate hematopoietic stem‐progenitor cells (HSPCs) and resultant adult‐type progeny from iPSCs. This system allows for strict control of signaling pathways over time through growth factor and/or small molecule modulation. Through direct comparison with our previously described protocol for the production of primitive wave hematopoietic cells, we demonstrate that induced HSPCs are enhanced for erythroid and myeloid colony forming potential, and strikingly, resultant erythroid‐lineage cells display enhanced expression of adult β globin indicating definitive pathway patterning. Using this system, we demonstrate the stage‐specific roles of two key signaling pathways, Notch and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), in the derivation of definitive hematopoietic cells. We illustrate the stage‐specific necessity of Notch signaling in the emergence of hematopoietic progenitors and downstream definitive, adult‐type erythroblasts. We also show that genetic or small molecule inhibition of the AHR results in the increased production of CD34+CD45+ HSPCs while conversely, activation of the same receptor results in a block of hematopoietic cell emergence. Results presented here should have broad implications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and future clinical translation of iPSC‐derived blood cells. Stem Cells2018;36:1004–1019
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Leung
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth Zulick
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas Skvir
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kim Vanuytsel
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tasha A Morrison
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zaw Htut Naing
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Dai
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David H K Chui
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin H Steinberg
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David H Sherr
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George J Murphy
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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22
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Miragaia RJ, Zhang X, Gomes T, Svensson V, Ilicic T, Henriksson J, Kar G, Lönnberg T. Single-cell RNA-sequencing resolves self-antigen expression during mTEC development. Sci Rep 2018; 8:685. [PMID: 29330484 PMCID: PMC5766627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The crucial capability of T cells for discrimination between self and non-self peptides is based on negative selection of developing thymocytes by medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs). The mTECs purge autoreactive T cells by expression of cell-type specific genes referred to as tissue-restricted antigens (TRAs). Although the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) protein is known to promote the expression of a subset of TRAs, its mechanism of action is still not fully understood. The expression of TRAs that are not under the control of AIRE also needs further characterization. Furthermore, expression patterns of TRA genes have been suggested to change over the course of mTEC development. Herein we have used single-cell RNA-sequencing to resolve patterns of TRA expression during mTEC development. Our data indicated that mTEC development consists of three distinct stages, correlating with previously described jTEC, mTEChi and mTEClo phenotypes. For each subpopulation, we have identified marker genes useful in future studies. Aire-induced TRAs were switched on during jTEC-mTEC transition and were expressed in genomic clusters, while otherwise the subsets expressed largely overlapping sets of TRAs. Moreover, population-level analysis of TRA expression frequencies suggested that such differences might not be necessary to achieve efficient thymocyte selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J Miragaia
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Xiuwei Zhang
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
- University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Tomás Gomes
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Valentine Svensson
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Tomislav Ilicic
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Johan Henriksson
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Gozde Kar
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Tapio Lönnberg
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom.
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom.
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
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23
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Lu H, Jiang J, Gao Y. The cloning and activity of human Hes1 gene promoter. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3164-3169. [PMID: 29257279 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to obtain and analyze the activity of the human Hes1 gene promoter. The genomic DNA of human HeLa cell was used as template, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the 5' end sequence of Hes1 gene and then the amplified segment was connected to pMD18‑T vector. Subsequently, double enzyme digestion was used for identification and the sequence was detected; the promoter with the correct sequence was inserted into pGL3‑Basic, and the sequence was identified by double enzyme digestion. The recombinant DNA with correct sequence was transiently transfected into cervical cancer cells, and the dual luciferase reporter gene assay system was used to detect the activity of the promoter. The results demonstrated that the human Hes1 gene promoter amplified by PCR was the same as that of the sequence in the gene bank, and the dual luciferase reporter gene assay system demonstrated that there was promoter activity in cervical cancer cells. In conclusion, the Hes1 luciferase reporter recombinant vector was successfully established and transfected into HeLa cells to verify that it has promoter activity, and the core area of the promoter has several tumor‑promoting and tumor suppressor genes. This provides a basis for understanding the regulatory mechanism of Hes1 transcription and translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Jinqun Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory, Yuebei People's Hospital, Shaoguan, Guangdong 512026, P.R. China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
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24
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Lin Y, Gil CH, Yoder MC. Differentiation, Evaluation, and Application of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:2014-2025. [PMID: 29025705 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology paves the way to generate large numbers of patient-specific endothelial cells (ECs) that can be potentially delivered for regenerative medicine in patients with cardiovascular disease. In the last decade, numerous protocols that differentiate EC from iPSC have been developed by many groups. In this review, we will discuss several common strategies that have been optimized for human iPSC-EC differentiation and subsequent studies that have evaluated the potential of human iPSC-EC as a cell therapy or as a tool in disease modeling. In addition, we will emphasize the importance of using in vivo vessel-forming ability and in vitro clonogenic colony-forming potential as a gold standard with which to evaluate the quality of human iPSC-EC derived from various protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lin
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research (Y.L., C.-H.G., M.C.Y.) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.L., M.C.Y.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Chang-Hyun Gil
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research (Y.L., C.-H.G., M.C.Y.) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.L., M.C.Y.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis
| | - Mervin C Yoder
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research (Y.L., C.-H.G., M.C.Y.) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Y.L., M.C.Y.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
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25
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Transdifferentiated Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells are a New Potential Cell Source for Endothelial Regeneration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5590. [PMID: 28717251 PMCID: PMC5514066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is widely implicated in cardiovascular pathological changes and development of vascular disease. In view of the fact that the spontaneous endothelial cell (EC) regeneration is a slow and insufficient process, it is of great interest to explore alternative cell sources capable of generating functional ECs. Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) composes the majority of the vascular wall and retains phenotypic plasticity in response to various stimuli. The aim of this study is to test the feasibility of the conversion of SMC into functional EC through the use of reprogramming factors. Human SMCs are first dedifferentiated for 4 days to achieve a vascular progenitor state expressing CD34, by introducing transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC. These SMC-derived progenitors are then differentiated along the endothelial lineage. The SMC-converted ECs exhibit typical endothelial markers expression and endothelial functions in vitro, in vivo and in disease model. Further comprehensive analysis indicates that mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition is requisite to initiate SMCs reprogramming into vascular progenitors and that members of the Notch signalling pathway regulate further differentiation of the progenitors into endothelial lineage. Together, we provide the first evidence of the feasibility of the conversion of human SMCs towards endothelial lineage through an intermediate vascular progenitor state induced by reprogramming.
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26
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Hrstka SCL, Li X, Nelson TJ. NOTCH1-Dependent Nitric Oxide Signaling Deficiency in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Revealed Through Patient-Specific Phenotypes Detected in Bioengineered Cardiogenesis. Stem Cells 2017; 35:1106-1119. [PMID: 28142228 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a severe congenital heart defect (CHD) attributable to multifactorial molecular underpinnings. Multiple genetic loci have been implicated to increase the risk of disease, yet genotype-phenotype relationships remain poorly defined. Whole genome sequencing complemented by cardiac phenotype from five individuals in an HLHS-affected family enabled the identification of NOTCH1 as a prioritized candidate gene linked to CHD in three individuals with mutant allele burden significantly impairing Notch signaling in the HLHS-affected proband. To better understand a mechanistic basis through which NOTCH1 contributes to heart development, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were created from the HLHS-affected parent-proband triad and differentiated into cardiovascular cell lineages for molecular characterization. HLHS-affected hiPSCs exhibited a deficiency in Notch signaling pathway components and a diminished capacity to generate hiPSC-cardiomyocytes. Optimization of conditions to procure HLHS-hiPSC-cardiomyocytes led to an approach that compensated for dysregulated nitric oxide (NO)-dependent Notch signaling in the earliest specification stages. Augmentation of HLHS-hiPSCs with small molecules stimulating NO signaling in the first 4 days of differentiation provided a cardiomyocyte yield equivalent to the parental hiPSCs. No discernable differences in calcium dynamics were observed between the bioengineered cardiomyocytes derived from the proband and the parents. We conclude that in vitro modeling with HLHS-hiPSCs bearing NOTCH1 mutations facilitated the discovery of a NO-dependent signaling component essential for cardiovascular cell lineage specification. Potentiation of NO signaling with small therapeutic molecules restored cardiogenesis in vitro and may identify a potential therapeutic target for patients affected by functionally compromised NOTCH1 variants. Stem Cells 2017;35:1106-1119.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybil C L Hrstka
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xing Li
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Timothy J Nelson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,General Internal Medicine and Transplant Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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27
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Kim HR, Lee JH, Heo HR, Yang SR, Ha KS, Park WS, Han ET, Song H, Hong SH. Improved hematopoietic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells via estrogen receptor signaling pathway. Cell Biosci 2016; 6:50. [PMID: 27583127 PMCID: PMC5006567 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aside from its importance in reproduction, estrogen (E2) is known to regulate the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in rodents. However, the regulatory role of E2 in human hematopoietic system has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of E2 on hematopoietic differentiation using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Results E2 improved hematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs via estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α)-dependent pathway. During hematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs, ER-α is persistently maintained and hematopoietic phenotypes (CD34 and CD45) were exclusively detected in ER-α positive cells. Interestingly, continuous E2 signaling is required to promote hematopoietic output from hPSCs. Supplementation of E2 or an ER-α selective agonist significantly increased the number of hemangioblasts and hematopoietic progenitors, and subsequent erythropoiesis, whereas ER-β selective agonist did not. Furthermore, ICI 182,780 (ER antagonist) completely abrogated the E2-induced hematopoietic augmentation. Not only from hPSCs but also from human umbilical cord bloods, does E2 signaling potentiate hematopoietic development, suggesting universal function of E2 on hematopoiesis. Conclusions Our study identifies E2 as positive regulator of human hematopoiesis and suggests that endocrine factors such as E2 influence the behavior of hematopoietic stem cells in various physiological conditions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13578-016-0111-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ryun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 689 Sampyeong-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-400 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Lee
- Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5 Canada
| | - Hye-Ryeon Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehakgil 1, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haengseok Song
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 689 Sampyeong-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-400 Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Kangwondaehakgil 1, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701 Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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28
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Slukvin II. Generating human hematopoietic stem cells in vitro -exploring endothelial to hematopoietic transition as a portal for stemness acquisition. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:4126-4143. [PMID: 27391301 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Advances in cellular reprogramming technologies have created alternative platforms for the production of blood cells, either through inducing pluripotency in somatic cells or by way of direct conversion of nonhematopoietic cells into blood cells. However, de novo generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with robust and sustained multilineage engraftment potential remains a significant challenge. Hemogenic endothelium (HE) has been recognized as a unique transitional stage of blood development from mesoderm at which HSCs arise in certain embryonic locations. The major aim of this review is to summarize historical perspectives and recent advances in the investigation of endothelial to hematopoietic transition (EHT) and HSC formation in the context of aiding in vitro approaches to instruct HSC fate from human pluripotent stem cells. In addition, direct conversion of somatic cells to blood and HSCs and progression of this conversion through HE stage are discussed. A thorough understanding of the intrinsic and microenvironmental regulators of EHT that lead to the acquisition of self-renewal potential by emerging blood cells is essential to advance the technologies for HSC production and expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor I Slukvin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin Graduate School, Madison, WI, USA
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29
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Tsolis KC, Bagli E, Kanaki K, Zografou S, Carpentier S, Bei ES, Christoforidis S, Zervakis M, Murphy C, Fotsis T, Economou A. Proteome Changes during Transition from Human Embryonic to Vascular Progenitor Cells. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1995-2007. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C. Tsolis
- Department
of Protein structure and Proteomics Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FORTH, 70013 Iraklio, Crete, Greece
- Department
of Biology, University of Crete, 70013 Iraklio, Crete, Greece
| | - Eleni Bagli
- Division
of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FORTH, 45110 Ioaninna, Greece
| | - Katerina Kanaki
- Department
of Protein structure and Proteomics Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FORTH, 70013 Iraklio, Crete, Greece
| | - Sofia Zografou
- Division
of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FORTH, 45110 Ioaninna, Greece
| | - Sebastien Carpentier
- SYBIOMA, KU Leuven facility for Systems Biology Based Mass Spectrometry, B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Ekaterini S. Bei
- School
of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Savvas Christoforidis
- Division
of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FORTH, 45110 Ioaninna, Greece
- Laboratory
of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Michalis Zervakis
- School
of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Greece
| | - Carol Murphy
- Division
of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FORTH, 45110 Ioaninna, Greece
- School
of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Theodore Fotsis
- Division
of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FORTH, 45110 Ioaninna, Greece
- Laboratory
of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- School
of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Anastassios Economou
- Department
of Protein structure and Proteomics Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology - FORTH, 70013 Iraklio, Crete, Greece
- Department
of Biology, University of Crete, 70013 Iraklio, Crete, Greece
- SYBIOMA, KU Leuven facility for Systems Biology Based Mass Spectrometry, B-3000 Leuven Belgium
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30
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Lin TC, Lin CS, Tsai TN, Cheng SM, Lin WS, Cheng CC, Wu CH, Hsu CH. Stimulatory Influences of Far Infrared Therapy on the Transcriptome and Genetic Networks of Endothelial Progenitor Cells Receiving High Glucose Treatment. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2016; 31:414-28. [PMID: 27122901 DOI: 10.6515/acs20141201c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a fundamental role in vascular repair and angiogenesis- related diseases. It is well-known that the process of angiogenesis is faulty in patients with diabetes. Long-term exposure of peripheral blood EPCs to high glucose (HG-EPCs) has been shown to impair cell proliferation and other functional competencies. Far infrared (FIR) therapy can promote ischemia-induced angiogenesis in diabetic mice and restore high glucose-suppressed endothelial progenitor cell functions both in vitro and in vivo. However, the detail mechanisms and global transcriptome alternations are still unclear. METHODS In this study, we investigated the influences of FIR upon HG-EPC gene expressions. EPCs were obtained from the peripheral blood and treated with high glucose. These cells were then subjected to FIR irradiation and functional assays. RESULTS Those genes responsible for fibroblast growth factors, Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription and prostaglandin signaling pathways were significantly induced in HG-EPCs after FIR treatment. On the other hand, mouse double minute 2 homolog, genes involved in glycogen metabolic process, and genes involved in cardiac fibrosis were down-regulated. We also observed complex genetic networks functioning in FIR-treated HG-EPCs, in which several genes, such as GATA binding protein 3, hairy and enhancer of split-1, Sprouty Homolog 2, MAPK and Sirtuin 1, acted as hubs to maintain the stability and connectivity of the whole genetic network. CONCLUSIONS Deciphering FIR-affected genes will not only provide us with new knowledge regarding angiogenesis, but also help to develop new biomarkers for evaluating the effects of FIR therapy. Our findings may also be adapted to develop new methods to increase EPC activities for treating diabetes-related ischemia and metabolic syndrome-associated cardiovascular disorders. KEY WORDS Endothelial progenitor cell; Far infrared; Microarray; Systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chiao Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Sheng Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Neng Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Meng Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiang Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsueng Hsu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Sugimura R. Bioengineering Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche toward Regenerative Medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 99:212-220. [PMID: 26527127 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The scope of this chapter is to introduce the current consensus of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche biology to bioengineering field so that can apply to regenerative medicine. A decade of research has been addressing "what is HSC niche", then next step is "how it advances medicine". The demand to improve HSC transplantation has advanced the methodology to expand HSC in vitro. Still precise modeling of bone marrow (BM) is demanded by bioengineering HSC niche in vitro. Better understanding of HSC niche is essential toward this progress. Now it would be the time to apply the knowledge of HSC niche field to the venue of bioengineering, so that a promising new approach to regenerative medicine might appear. This chapter describes the current consensus of niche that endothelial cell and perivascular mesenchymal stromal cell maintain HSC, expansion of cord blood HSC by small molecules, bioengineering efforts to model HSC niche by microfluidics chip, organoids, and breakthroughs to induce HSC from heterologous types of cells.
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32
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Hong X, Le Bras A, Margariti A, Xu Q. Reprogramming towards endothelial cells for vascular regeneration. Genes Dis 2016; 3:186-197. [PMID: 30258888 PMCID: PMC6147164 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial damage and dysfunction are implicated in cardiovascular pathological changes and the development of vascular diseases. In view of the fact that the spontaneous endothelial cell (EC) regeneration is a slow and insufficient process, it is of great significance to explore alternative cell sources capable of generating functional ECs to repair damaged endothelium. Indeed, recent achievements of cell reprogramming to convert somatic cells to other cell types provide new powerful approaches to study endothelial regeneration. Based on progress in the research field, the present review aims to summarize the strategies and mechanisms of generating endothelial cells through reprogramming from somatic cells, and to examine what this means for the potential application of cell therapy in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechong Hong
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Le Bras
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, UK
| | - Andriana Margariti
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Cardiovascular Division, King's College London BHF Centre, London, UK
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33
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Progress and obstacles towards generating hematopoietic stem cells from pluripotent stem cells. Curr Opin Hematol 2016; 22:317-23. [PMID: 26049752 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the potential to provide an inexhaustible source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that could be used in disease modeling and in clinical applications such as transplantation. Although the goal of deriving definitive HSCs from PSCs has not been achieved, recent studies indicate that progress is being made. This review will provide information on the current status of deriving HSCs from PSCs, and will highlight existing challenges and obstacles. RECENT FINDINGS Recent strides in HSC generation from PSCs has included derivation of developmental intermediates, identification of transcription factors and small molecules that support hematopoietic derivation, and the development of strategies to recapitulate niche-like conditions. SUMMARY Despite considerable progress in defining the molecular events driving derivation of hematopoietic progenitor cells from PSCs, the generation of robust transplantable HSCs from PSCs remains elusive. We propose that this goal can be facilitated by better understanding of the regulatory pathways governing HSC identity, development of HSC supportive conditions, and examining the marrow homing properties of PSC-derived HSCs.
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Shi X, Yan C, Liu B, Yang C, Nie X, Wang X, Zheng J, Wang Y, Zhu Y. miR-381 Regulates Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation via Regulating Hes1 Expression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138973. [PMID: 26431046 PMCID: PMC4591969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells are self-renewing, multipotent and undifferentiated precursors that retain the capacity for differentiation into both glial (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) and neuronal lineages. Neural stem cells offer cell-based therapies for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and spinal cord injuries. However, their cellular behavior is poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs involved in cell development, proliferation and differentiation through regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level. The role of miR-381 in the development of neural stem cells remains unknown. In this study, we showed that overexpression of miR-381 promoted neural stem cells proliferation. It induced the neural stem cells differentiation to neurons and inhibited their differentiation to astrocytes. Furthermore, we identified HES1 as a direct target of miR-381 in neural stem cells. Moreover, re-expression of HES1 impaired miR-381-induced promotion of neural stem cells proliferation and induce neural stem cells differentiation to neurons. In conclusion, miR-381 played important role in neural stem cells proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Chunhua Yan
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Baoquan Liu
- Department of anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Xuedan Nie
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Jiaolin Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Yulan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
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35
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Kang L, Mao J, Tao Y, Song B, Ma W, Lu Y, Zhao L, Li J, Yang B, Li L. MicroRNA-34a suppresses the breast cancer stem cell-like characteristics by downregulating Notch1 pathway. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:700-708. [PMID: 25783790 PMCID: PMC4471794 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play pivotal roles in cancer stem cell regulation. Previous studies have shown that microRNA-34a (miR-34a) is downregulated in human breast cancer. However, it is unknown whether and how miR-34a regulates breast cancer stem cells. Notch signaling is one of the most important pathways in stem cell maintenance and function. In this study, we verified that miR-34a directly and functionally targeted Notch1 in MCF-7 cells. We reported that miR-34a negatively regulated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and breast cancer stem cell propagation by downregulating Notch1. The expression of miR-34a was negatively correlated with tumor stages, metastasis, and Notch1 expression in breast cancer tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-34a increased chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel (PTX) by downregulating the Notch1 pathway. Mammosphere formation and expression of the stemness factor ALDH1 were also reduced in the cells treated with miR-34a and PTX compared to those treated with PTX alone. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-34a inhibited breast cancer stemness and increased the chemosensitivity to PTX partially by downregulating the Notch1 pathway, suggesting that miR-34a/Notch1 play an important role in regulating breast cancer stem cells. Thus miR-34a is a potential target for prevention and therapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Kang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Stem Cell Research of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yajun Tao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Stem Cell Research of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Stem Cell Research of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Stem Cell Research of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lijing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiazhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Stem Cell Research of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, China
| | - Lianhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Stem Cell Research of Liaoning Province, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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36
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Salci KR, Lee JB, Mitchell RR, Orlando L, Fiebig-Comyn A, Shapovalova Z, Bhatia M. Acquisition of pluripotency through continued environmental influence on OCT4-induced plastic human fibroblasts. Stem Cell Res 2015; 15:221-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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37
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Ayllón V, Bueno C, Ramos-Mejía V, Navarro-Montero O, Prieto C, Real PJ, Romero T, García-León MJ, Toribio ML, Bigas A, Menendez P. The Notch ligand DLL4 specifically marks human hematoendothelial progenitors and regulates their hematopoietic fate. Leukemia 2015; 29:1741-53. [PMID: 25778099 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling is essential for definitive hematopoiesis, but its role in human embryonic hematopoiesis is largely unknown. We show that in hESCs the expression of the Notch ligand DLL4 is induced during hematopoietic differentiation. We found that DLL4 is only expressed in a sub-population of bipotent hematoendothelial progenitors (HEPs) and segregates their hematopoietic versus endothelial potential. We demonstrate at the clonal level and through transcriptome analyses that DLL4(high) HEPs are enriched in endothelial potential, whereas DLL4(low/-) HEPs are committed to the hematopoietic lineage, albeit both populations still contain bipotent cells. Moreover, DLL4 stimulation enhances hematopoietic differentiation of HEPs and increases the amount of clonogenic hematopoietic progenitors. Confocal microscopy analysis of whole differentiating embryoid bodies revealed that DLL4(high) HEPs are located close to DLL4(low/-) HEPs, and at the base of clusters of CD45+ cells, resembling intra-aortic hematopoietic clusters found in mouse embryos. We propose a model for human embryonic hematopoiesis in which DLL4(low/-) cells within hemogenic endothelium receive Notch-activating signals from DLL4(high) cells, resulting in an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition and their differentiation into CD45+ hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ayllón
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells & Development Laboratory, GENyO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - C Bueno
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Ramos-Mejía
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells & Development Laboratory, GENyO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - O Navarro-Montero
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells & Development Laboratory, GENyO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - C Prieto
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P J Real
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells & Development Laboratory, GENyO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - T Romero
- Gene Regulation, Stem Cells & Development Laboratory, GENyO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - M J García-León
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM-SO), CSIC-UAM, Campus de la Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M L Toribio
- Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM-SO), CSIC-UAM, Campus de la Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Bigas
- Program in Cancer Research, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Menendez
- 1] Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain [2] Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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38
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Gori JL, Butler JM, Chan YY, Chandrasekaran D, Poulos MG, Ginsberg M, Nolan DJ, Elemento O, Wood BL, Adair JE, Rafii S, Kiem HP. Vascular niche promotes hematopoietic multipotent progenitor formation from pluripotent stem cells. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1243-54. [PMID: 25664855 DOI: 10.1172/jci79328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) represent an alternative hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) source for treating hematopoietic disease. The limited engraftment of human PSC-derived (hPSC-derived) multipotent progenitor cells (MPP) has hampered the clinical application of these cells and suggests that MPP require additional cues for definitive hematopoiesis. We hypothesized that the presence of a vascular niche that produces Notch ligands jagged-1 (JAG1) and delta-like ligand-4 (DLL4) drives definitive hematopoiesis. We differentiated hes2 human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and Macaca nemestrina-induced PSC (iPSC) line-7 with cytokines in the presence or absence of endothelial cells (ECs) that express JAG1 and DLL4. Cells cocultured with ECs generated substantially more CD34+CD45+ hematopoietic progenitors compared with cells cocultured without ECs or with ECs lacking JAG1 or DLL4. EC-induced cells exhibited Notch activation and expressed HSC-specific Notch targets RUNX1 and GATA2. EC-induced PSC-MPP engrafted at a markedly higher level in NOD/SCID/IL-2 receptor γ chain-null (NSG) mice compared with cytokine-induced cells, and low-dose chemotherapy-based selection further increased engraftment. Long-term engraftment and the myeloid-to-lymphoid ratio achieved with vascular niche induction were similar to levels achieved for cord blood-derived MPP and up to 20-fold higher than those achieved with hPSC-derived MPP engraftment. Our findings indicate that endothelial Notch ligands promote PSC-definitive hematopoiesis and production of long-term engrafting CD34+ cells, suggesting these ligands are critical for HSC emergence.
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39
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Arnold KM, Opdenaker LM, Flynn D, Sims-Mourtada J. Wound healing and cancer stem cells: inflammation as a driver of treatment resistance in breast cancer. CANCER GROWTH AND METASTASIS 2015; 8:1-13. [PMID: 25674014 PMCID: PMC4315129 DOI: 10.4137/cgm.s11286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between wound healing and cancer has long been recognized. The mechanisms that regulate wound healing have been shown to promote transformation and growth of malignant cells. In addition, chronic inflammation has been associated with malignant transformation in many tissues. Recently, pathways involved in inflammation and wound healing have been reported to enhance cancer stem cell (CSC) populations. These cells, which are highly resistant to current treatments, are capable of repopulating the tumor after treatment, causing local and systemic recurrences. In this review, we highlight proinflammatory cytokines and developmental pathways involved in tissue repair, whose deregulation in the tumor microenvironment may promote growth and survival of CSCs. We propose that the addition of anti-inflammatory agents to current treatment regimens may slow the growth of CSCs and improve therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Arnold
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc., Newark, DE, USA. ; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Lynn M Opdenaker
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc., Newark, DE, USA. ; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Daniel Flynn
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc., Newark, DE, USA. ; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jennifer Sims-Mourtada
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Christiana Care Health Services, Inc., Newark, DE, USA. ; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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40
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Notch1 acts via Foxc2 to promote definitive hematopoiesis via effects on hemogenic endothelium. Blood 2015; 125:1418-26. [PMID: 25587036 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-04-568170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic and vascular development share many common features, including cell surface markers and sites of origin. Recent lineage-tracing studies have established that definitive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells arise from vascular endothelial-cadherin(+) hemogenic endothelial cells of the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, but the genetic programs underlying the specification of hemogenic endothelial cells remain poorly defined. Here, we discovered that Notch induction enhances hematopoietic potential and promotes the specification of hemogenic endothelium in differentiating cultures of mouse embryonic stem cells, and we identified Foxc2 as a highly upregulated transcript in the hemogenic endothelial population. Studies in zebrafish and mouse embryos revealed that Foxc2 and its orthologs are required for the proper development of definitive hematopoiesis and function downstream of Notch signaling in the hemogenic endothelium. These data establish a pathway linking Notch signaling to Foxc2 in hemogenic endothelial cells to promote definitive hematopoiesis.
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41
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Guiu J, Bergen DJM, De Pater E, Islam ABMMK, Ayllón V, Gama-Norton L, Ruiz-Herguido C, González J, López-Bigas N, Menendez P, Dzierzak E, Espinosa L, Bigas A. Identification of Cdca7 as a novel Notch transcriptional target involved in hematopoietic stem cell emergence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:2411-23. [PMID: 25385755 PMCID: PMC4235648 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20131857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Guiu et al. use ChIP-on-chip analysis for the Notch partner RBPj, using embryonic tissue from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region to identify potential novel Notch target genes involved in HSC emergence. They show that c-MYC–responsive gene Cdca7 is expressed in different HSC and progenitor subpopulations and that CDCA7 is important for maintaining the undifferentiated phenotype. Cdca7 acts downstream of Notch in HSCs in zebrafish, mouse, and human, indicating a highly conserved Notch/RBPj/Cdca7 axis in hematopoietic development. Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) specification occurs in the embryonic aorta and requires Notch activation; however, most of the Notch-regulated elements controlling de novo HSC generation are still unknown. Here, we identify putative direct Notch targets in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) embryonic tissue by chromatin precipitation using antibodies against the Notch partner RBPj. By ChIP-on-chip analysis of the precipitated DNA, we identified 701 promoter regions that were candidates to be regulated by Notch in the AGM. One of the most enriched regions corresponded to the Cdca7 gene, which was subsequently confirmed to recruit the RBPj factor but also Notch1 in AGM cells. We found that during embryonic hematopoietic development, expression of Cdca7 is restricted to the hematopoietic clusters of the aorta, and it is strongly up-regulated in the hemogenic population during human embryonic stem cell hematopoietic differentiation in a Notch-dependent manner. Down-regulation of Cdca7 mRNA in cultured AGM cells significantly induces hematopoietic differentiation and loss of the progenitor population. Finally, using loss-of-function experiments in zebrafish, we demonstrate that CDCA7 contributes to HSC emergence in vivo during embryonic development. Thus, our study identifies Cdca7 as an evolutionary conserved Notch target involved in HSC emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Guiu
- Program de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dylan J M Bergen
- Program de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma De Pater
- Erasmus MC Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Abul B M M K Islam
- Research Unit on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Verónica Ayllón
- Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (Genyo), Pfizer-University of Granada-Andalusian Government, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Leonor Gama-Norton
- Program de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Ruiz-Herguido
- Program de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessica González
- Program de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria López-Bigas
- Research Unit on Biomedical Informatics, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Menendez
- José Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Cell Therapy Program, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Dzierzak
- Erasmus MC Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lluis Espinosa
- Program de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Program de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Thyroid cancer is one of the most rapidly increasing malignancies. The reasons for this increase is not completely known, but increases in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas along with the enhanced detection of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas are probably all contributing factors. Although most cases of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas are associated with an excellent prognosis, a small percentage of patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas as well as most patients with poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas have recurrent and/or metastatic disease that is often fatal. The cancer stem-like cell (CSC) model suggests that a small number of cells within a cancer, known as CSCs, are responsible for resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as for recurrent and metastatic disease. This review discusses current studies about thyroid CSCs, the processes of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition that provide plasticity to CSC growth, in addition to the role of microRNAs in CSC development and regulation. Understanding the biology of CSCs, EMT and the metastatic cascade should lead to the design of more rational targeted therapies for highly aggressive and fatal thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Guo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heather Hardin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ricardo V Lloyd
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Zhejiang, China
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Kushwah R, Guezguez B, Lee JB, Hopkins CI, Bhatia M. Pleiotropic roles of Notch signaling in normal, malignant, and developmental hematopoiesis in the human. EMBO Rep 2014; 15:1128-38. [PMID: 25252682 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201438842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is evolutionarily conserved across species and plays an important role in regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival. It has been implicated in several different hematopoietic processes including early hematopoietic development as well as adult hematological malignancies in humans. This review focuses on recent developments in understanding the role of Notch signaling in the human hematopoietic system with an emphasis on hematopoietic initiation from human pluripotent stem cells and regulation within the bone marrow. Based on recent insights, we summarize potential strategies for treatment of human hematological malignancies toward the concept of targeting Notch signaling for fate regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kushwah
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute (SCC-RI), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Borhane Guezguez
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute (SCC-RI), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute (SCC-RI), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Claudia I Hopkins
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute (SCC-RI), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mickie Bhatia
- McMaster Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute (SCC-RI), Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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44
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HES1 as an Independent Prognostic Marker in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2014; 45:466-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s12029-014-9648-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Vanden Oever MJ, Tolar J. Advances in understanding and treating dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. F1000PRIME REPORTS 2014; 6:35. [PMID: 24860657 PMCID: PMC4017907 DOI: 10.12703/p6-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of inherited disorders that can be both systemic and life-threatening. Standard treatments for the most severe forms of this disorder, typically limited to palliative care, are ineffective in reducing the morbidity and mortality due to complications of the disease. Emerging therapies—such as the use of allogeneic cellular therapy, gene therapy, and protein therapy—have all shown promise, but it is likely that several approaches will need to be combined to realize a cure. For recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, each particular therapeutic approach has added to our understanding of type VII collagen (C7) function and the basic biology surrounding the disease. The efficacy of these therapies and the mechanisms by which they function also give us insight into developing future strategies for treating this and other extracellular matrix disorders.
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Hematopoietic specification from human pluripotent stem cells: current advances and challenges toward de novo generation of hematopoietic stem cells. Blood 2013; 122:4035-46. [PMID: 24124087 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-07-474825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant advances in cellular reprogramming technologies and hematopoietic differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have already enabled the routine production of multiple lineages of blood cells in vitro and opened novel opportunities to study hematopoietic development, model genetic blood diseases, and manufacture immunologically matched cells for transfusion and cancer immunotherapy. However, the generation of hematopoietic cells with robust and sustained multilineage engraftment has not been achieved. Here, we highlight the recent advances in understanding the molecular and cellular pathways leading to blood development from hPSCs and discuss potential approaches that can be taken to facilitate the development of technologies for de novo production of hematopoietic stem cells.
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Roy A, Haldar S, Basak NP, Banerjee S. Molecular cross talk between Notch1, Shh and Akt pathways during erythroid differentiation of K562 and HEL cell lines. Exp Cell Res 2013; 320:69-78. [PMID: 24095799 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoiesis is a tightly regulated process dependent on extrinsic signals conveyed by the bone marrow niche. The signalling pathways thus activated or repressed do not act in isolation; rather an intricate cross talk among these pathways ensues homoeostasis within the erythroid compartment. In this study, we describe the effects of two such signalling pathways namely the Notch1 and the Shh pathway on erythropoiesis in immortalised K562 and HEL cell lines as well as the cross talk that ensues between them. We show that while activation of the Notch1 pathway inhibits differentiation of erythroid lineage cell lines as well as in in-vitro primary erythroid cultures from the human CD34(+) cells; Shh pathway favours erythroid differentiation. Further, the Notch1 pathway activates the Akt pathway and constitutively active Akt partially mimics the effect of Notch1 activation on erythropoiesis. Moreover, the Notch1, Akt and Shh pathways were found to cross talk with each other. In this process, activation of Notch1 was found to down regulate the Shh pathway independent of Akt activation. Significantly, Notch1 not only down regulated the Shh pathway, but also inhibited recombinant Shh mediated erythropoiesis. Our study thus reveals an intricate crosstalk among the Notch1, Shh and Akt pathways wherein Notch1 emerges as a key regulator of erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Roy
- Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700064, India
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Liu N, Zhang J, Ji C. The emerging roles of Notch signaling in leukemia and stem cells. Biomark Res 2013; 1:23. [PMID: 24252593 PMCID: PMC4177577 DOI: 10.1186/2050-7771-1-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway plays a critical role in maintaining the balance between cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and is a highly conserved signaling pathway that regulates normal development in a context- and dose-dependent manner. Dysregulation of Notch signaling has been suggested to be key events in a variety of hematological malignancies. Notch1 signaling appears to be the central oncogenic trigger in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), in which the majority of human malignancies have acquired mutations that lead to constitutive activation of Notch1 signaling. However, emerging evidence unexpectedly demonstrates that Notch signaling can function as a potent tumor suppressor in other forms of leukemia. This minireview will summarize recent advances related to the roles of activated Notch signaling in human lymphocytic leukemia, myeloid leukemia, stem cells and stromal microenvironment, and we will discuss the perspectives of Notch signaling as a potential therapeutic target as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P, R, China.
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