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Yuan X, Sabzvar MK, Patil AD, Chinnaswamy K, Howie KL, Andhavaram R, Wang B, Siegler MA, Dumaz A, Stuckey JA, Corey SJ, Maciejewski JP, Visconte V, Yang CY. Comprehensive Analyses of the Effects of the Small-Molecule Inhibitor of the UHM Domain in the Splicing Factor U2AF1 in Leukemia Cells. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4477663. [PMID: 38883705 PMCID: PMC11177969 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4477663/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in RNA splicing factor genes including SF3B1, U2AF1, SRSF2, and ZRSR2 have been reported to contribute to development of myeloid neoplasms including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Chemical tools targeting cells carrying these mutant genes remain limited and underdeveloped. Among the four proteins, mutant U2AF1 (U2AF1mut) acquires an altered 3' splice site selection preference and co-operates with the wild-type U2AF1 (U2AF1wt) to change various gene isoform patterns to support MDS cells survival and proliferation. U2AF1 mutations in MDS cells are always heterozygous and the cell viability is reduced when exposed to additional insult affecting U2AF1wt function. To investigate if the pharmacological inhibition of U2AF1wt function can provoke drug-induced vulnerability of cells harboring U2AF1 mut , we conducted a fragment-based library screening campaign to discover compounds targeting the U2AF homology domain (UHM) in U2AF1 that is required for the formation of the U2AF1/U2AF2 complex to define the 3' splice site. The most promising hit (SF1-8) selectively inhibited growth of leukemia cell lines overexpressingU2AF1 mut and human primary MDS cells carrying U2AF1 mut . RNA-seq analysis of K562-U2AF1mut following treatment with SF1-8 further revealed alteration of isoform patterns for a set of proteins that impair or rescue pathways associated with endocytosis, intracellular vesicle transport, and secretion. Our data suggested that further optimization of SF1-8 is warranted to obtain chemical probes that can be used to evaluate the therapeutic concept of inducing lethality to U2AF1 mut cells by inhibiting the U2AF1wt protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Mona Kazemi Sabzvar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Amol D Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | | | - Kathryn L Howie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ramaraju Andhavaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Borwyn Wang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Arda Dumaz
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jeanne A Stuckey
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Seth J Corey
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Valeria Visconte
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Chao-Yie Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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D'Amico S, Dall'Olio L, Rollo C, Alonso P, Prada-Luengo I, Dall'Olio D, Sala C, Sauta E, Asti G, Lanino L, Maggioni G, Campagna A, Zazzetti E, Delleani M, Bicchieri ME, Morandini P, Savevski V, Arroyo B, Parras J, Zhao LP, Platzbecker U, Diez-Campelo M, Santini V, Fenaux P, Haferlach T, Krogh A, Zazo S, Fariselli P, Sanavia T, Della Porta MG, Castellani G. MOSAIC: An Artificial Intelligence-Based Framework for Multimodal Analysis, Classification, and Personalized Prognostic Assessment in Rare Cancers. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2024; 8:e2400008. [PMID: 38875514 DOI: 10.1200/cci.24.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Rare cancers constitute over 20% of human neoplasms, often affecting patients with unmet medical needs. The development of effective classification and prognostication systems is crucial to improve the decision-making process and drive innovative treatment strategies. We have created and implemented MOSAIC, an artificial intelligence (AI)-based framework designed for multimodal analysis, classification, and personalized prognostic assessment in rare cancers. Clinical validation was performed on myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a rare hematologic cancer with clinical and genomic heterogeneities. METHODS We analyzed 4,427 patients with MDS divided into training and validation cohorts. Deep learning methods were applied to integrate and impute clinical/genomic features. Clustering was performed by combining Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction + Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (UMAP + HDBSCAN) methods, compared with the conventional Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP). Linear and AI-based nonlinear approaches were compared for survival prediction. Explainable AI (Shapley Additive Explanations approach [SHAP]) and federated learning were used to improve the interpretation and the performance of the clinical models, integrating them into distributed infrastructure. RESULTS UMAP + HDBSCAN clustering obtained a more granular patient stratification, achieving a higher average silhouette coefficient (0.16) with respect to HDP (0.01) and higher balanced accuracy in cluster classification by Random Forest (92.7% ± 1.3% and 85.8% ± 0.8%). AI methods for survival prediction outperform conventional statistical techniques and the reference prognostic tool for MDS. Nonlinear Gradient Boosting Survival stands in the internal (Concordance-Index [C-Index], 0.77; SD, 0.01) and external validation (C-Index, 0.74; SD, 0.02). SHAP analysis revealed that similar features drove patients' subgroups and outcomes in both training and validation cohorts. Federated implementation improved the accuracy of developed models. CONCLUSION MOSAIC provides an explainable and robust framework to optimize classification and prognostic assessment of rare cancers. AI-based approaches demonstrated superior accuracy in capturing genomic similarities and providing individual prognostic information compared with conventional statistical methods. Its federated implementation ensures broad clinical application, guaranteeing high performance and data protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio D'Amico
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Train s.r.l., Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cesare Rollo
- Computational Biomedicine Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Patricia Alonso
- Department of Signals, Systems and Radiocommunications, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Claudia Sala
- Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca Asti
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Lanino
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Zazzetti
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Borja Arroyo
- Department of Signals, Systems and Radiocommunications, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Parras
- Department of Signals, Systems and Radiocommunications, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lin Pierre Zhao
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis/University Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic 1, Hematology and Cellular Therapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Diez-Campelo
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Valeria Santini
- Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi & University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis/University Paris 7, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Santiago Zazo
- Department of Signals, Systems and Radiocommunications, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Piero Fariselli
- Computational Biomedicine Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Sanavia
- Computational Biomedicine Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Giovanni Della Porta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gastone Castellani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy (DIFA), Bologna, Italy
- Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Bologna, Italy
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Garcia-Manero G, Matsuno RK, McBride A, Mohammed H, Idryo D, Broome R, Herriman A, Johnson T, Wilkinson K, Schrag A, Johanson C, Izano M, Makinde A, Mukherjee S. Clinical Outcomes and Healthcare Resource Utilization for Patients With Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes Treated With Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2024:S2152-2650(24)00178-2. [PMID: 38871557 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Real-world studies of lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS) are limited. We evaluated treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) among patients with LR-MDS treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in the United States. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study included patients with LR-MDS who initiated treatment with ESAs between January 1, 2016 and June 30, 2019. The primary analysis assessed patient demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, clinical outcomes (hematologic response, transfusion requirements, disease progression), and HCRU (medical encounters, laboratory tests, and medication use). Subgroup analyses of patients repeatedly treated with ESA therapy evaluated selected clinical outcomes and primary ESA failure by SF3B1 mutational status, per recently updated NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines©). RESULTS A total of 142 patients were included with a median follow-up time of 17 months (interquartile range [IQR], 7-33). Median age at ESA initiation was 79 years (IQR, 73-85). Patients were predominantly male (54%), overweight or obese (32% and 23%, respectively), of White race (96%) and non-Hispanic ethnicity (89%). Overall, 57% patients were initially treated with darbepoetin alfa and 43% with epoetin alfa. Clinical outcomes were poor, and there was a significant burden on both the health system and individual patients treated with ESA therapies. Hematologic improvement- erythroid was only seen in 26% of 142 patients treated with ESAs, and 65% of 82 retreated patients experienced primary ESA failure. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that primary ESA failure is largely unrecognized and that many patients should be considered for alternative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sudipto Mukherjee
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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Zhang L, Deeb G, Deeb KK, Vale C, Peker Barclift D, Papadantonakis N. Measurable (Minimal) Residual Disease in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms (MDS): Current State and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1503. [PMID: 38672585 PMCID: PMC11048433 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic Neoplasms (MDS) have been traditionally studied through the assessment of blood counts, cytogenetics, and morphology. In recent years, the introduction of molecular assays has improved our ability to diagnose MDS. The role of Measurable (minimal) Residual Disease (MRD) in MDS is evolving, and molecular and flow cytometry techniques have been used in several studies. In this review, we will highlight the evolving concept of MRD in MDS, outline the various techniques utilized, and provide an overview of the studies reporting MRD and the correlation with outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - George Deeb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kristin K. Deeb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Colin Vale
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Deniz Peker Barclift
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Nikolaos Papadantonakis
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Jing Q, Zhou C, Zhang J, Zhang P, Wu Y, Zhou J, Tong X, Li Y, Du J, Wang Y. Role of reactive oxygen species in myelodysplastic syndromes. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:53. [PMID: 38616283 PMCID: PMC11017617 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00570-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as typical metabolic byproducts of aerobic life and play a pivotal role in redox reactions and signal transduction pathways. Contingent upon their concentration, ROS production not only initiates or stimulates tumorigenesis but also causes oxidative stress (OS) and triggers cellular apoptosis. Mounting literature supports the view that ROS are closely interwoven with the pathogenesis of a cluster of diseases, particularly those involving cell proliferation and differentiation, such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and chronic/acute myeloid leukemia (CML/AML). OS caused by excessive ROS at physiological levels is likely to affect the functions of hematopoietic stem cells, such as cell growth and self-renewal, which may contribute to defective hematopoiesis. We review herein the eminent role of ROS in the hematological niche and their profound influence on the progress of MDS. We also highlight that targeting ROS is a practical and reliable tactic for MDS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangan Jing
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
- HEALTH BioMed Research & Development Center, Health BioMed Co., Ltd, Ningbo, 315803, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoting Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunyi Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junyu Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangmin Tong
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jing Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
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Platzbecker U, Santini V, Fenaux P, Sekeres MA, Savona MR, Madanat YF, Díez-Campelo M, Valcárcel D, Illmer T, Jonášová A, Bělohlávková P, Sherman LJ, Berry T, Dougherty S, Shah S, Xia Q, Sun L, Wan Y, Huang F, Ikin A, Navada S, Feller F, Komrokji RS, Zeidan AM. Imetelstat in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes who have relapsed or are refractory to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (IMerge): a multinational, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2024; 403:249-260. [PMID: 38048786 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01724-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unmet medical needs remain in patients with red blood cell transfusion-dependent (RBC-TD) lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS) who are not responding to or are ineligible for erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). Imetelstat, a competitive telomerase inhibitor, showed promising results in a phase 2 trial. We aimed to compare the RBC transfusion independence (RBC-TI) rate with imetelstat versus placebo in patients with RBC-TD LR-MDS. METHODS In phase 3 of IMerge, a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 118 sites including university hospitals, cancer centres, and outpatient clinics in 17 countries, patients (aged ≥18 years) with ESA-relapsed, ESA-refractory, or ESA-ineligible LR-MDS (low or intermediate-1 risk disease as per International Prognostic Scoring System [IPSS] criteria) were randomly assigned via a computer-generated schedule (2:1) to receive imetelstat 7·5 mg/kg or placebo, administered as a 2-h intravenous infusion, every 4 weeks until disease progression, unacceptable toxic effects, or withdrawal of consent. Randomisation was stratified by previous RBC transfusion burden and IPSS risk group. Patients, investigators, and those analysing the data were masked to group assignment. The primary endpoint was 8-week RBC-TI, defined as the proportion of patients without RBC transfusions for at least 8 consecutive weeks starting on the day of randomisation until subsequent anti-cancer therapy, if any. Primary efficacy analyses were performed in the intention-to-treat population, and safety analyses were conducted in patients who received at least one dose of trial medication or placebo. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02598661; substudy active and recruiting). FINDINGS Between Sept 11, 2019, and Oct 13, 2021, 178 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned (118 to imetelstat and 60 to placebo). 111 (62%) were male and 67 (38%) were female. 91 (77%) of 118 patients had discontinued treatment by data cutoff in the imetelstat group versus 45 (75%) in the placebo group; a further one patient in the placebo group did not receive treatment. Median follow-up was 19·5 months (IQR 12·0-23·4) in the imetelstat group and 17·5 months (12·1-22·7) in the placebo group. In the imetelstat group, 47 (40% [95% CI 30·9-49·3]) patients had an RBC-TI of at least 8 weeks versus nine (15% [7·1-26·6]) in the placebo group (rate difference 25% [9·9 to 36·9]; p=0·0008). Overall, 107 (91%) of 118 patients receiving imetelstat and 28 (47%) of 59 patients receiving placebo had grade 3-4 treatment-emergent adverse events. The most common treatment-emergent grade 3-4 adverse events in patients taking imetelstat were neutropenia (80 [68%] patients who received imetelstat vs two [3%] who received placebo) and thrombocytopenia (73 [62%] vs five [8%]). No treatment-related deaths were reported. INTERPRETATION Imetelstat offers a novel mechanism of action with durable transfusion independence (approximately 1 year) and disease-modifying activity for heavily transfused patients with LR-MDS who are not responding to or are ineligible for ESAs. FUNDING Janssen Research & Development before April 18, 2019, and Geron Corporation thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Platzbecker
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, Infectious Diseases, and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Valeria Santini
- MDS Unit, AOU Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université de Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Mikkael A Sekeres
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael R Savona
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yazan F Madanat
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Maria Díez-Campelo
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - David Valcárcel
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Jonášová
- 1st Medical Department-Hematology, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Bělohlávková
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine-Haematology, Charles University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | - Qi Xia
- Geron Corporation, Parsippany, NJ, USA
| | - Libo Sun
- Geron Corporation, Parsippany, NJ, USA
| | - Ying Wan
- Geron Corporation, Parsippany, NJ, USA
| | - Fei Huang
- Geron Corporation, Parsippany, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Amer M Zeidan
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine and Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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7
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Mosquera Orgueira A, Perez Encinas MM, Diaz Varela NA, Mora E, Díaz-Beyá M, Montoro MJ, Pomares H, Ramos F, Tormo M, Jerez A, Nomdedeu JF, De Miguel Sanchez C, Leonor A, Cárcel P, Cedena Romero MT, Xicoy B, Rivero E, del Orbe Barreto RA, Diez-Campelo M, Benlloch LE, Crucitti D, Valcárcel D. Machine Learning Improves Risk Stratification in Myelodysplastic Neoplasms: An Analysis of the Spanish Group of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Hemasphere 2023; 7:e961. [PMID: 37841754 PMCID: PMC10569758 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of hematological stem cell disorders characterized by dysplasia, cytopenias, and increased risk of acute leukemia. As prognosis differs widely between patients, and treatment options vary from observation to allogeneic stem cell transplantation, accurate and precise disease risk prognostication is critical for decision making. With this aim, we retrieved registry data from MDS patients from 90 Spanish institutions. A total of 7202 patients were included, which were divided into a training (80%) and a test (20%) set. A machine learning technique (random survival forests) was used to model overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS). The optimal model was based on 8 variables (age, gender, hemoglobin, leukocyte count, platelet count, neutrophil percentage, bone marrow blast, and cytogenetic risk group). This model achieved high accuracy in predicting OS (c-indexes; 0.759 and 0.776) and LFS (c-indexes; 0.812 and 0.845). Importantly, the model was superior to the revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) and the age-adjusted IPSS-R. This difference persisted in different age ranges and in all evaluated disease subgroups. Finally, we validated our results in an external cohort, confirming the superiority of the Artificial Intelligence Prognostic Scoring System for MDS (AIPSS-MDS) over the IPSS-R, and achieving a similar performance as the molecular IPSS. In conclusion, the AIPSS-MDS score is a new prognostic model based exclusively on traditional clinical, hematological, and cytogenetic variables. AIPSS-MDS has a high prognostic accuracy in predicting survival in MDS patients, outperforming other well-established risk-scoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Mosquera Orgueira
- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Department of Hematology, Instituto de Investigacións Sanitarias de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Mateo Perez Encinas
- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Department of Hematology, Instituto de Investigacións Sanitarias de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Elvira Mora
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - María Julia Montoro
- Department of Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Pomares
- Hematology Department., Hospital Duran i Reynals. Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals. Institut Català d’Oncologia, Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Ramos
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario de León, Spain
| | - Mar Tormo
- Servicio de Hematología. Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Spain
| | - Andres Jerez
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Morales Meseguer, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Josep F Nomdedeu
- Hematology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Arenillas Leonor
- Laboratoris de Citologia Hematològica i Citogenètica, servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar. GRETNHE- Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Cárcel
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Público Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Blanca Xicoy
- HU German Trias i Pujol - Institut Català d’ Oncologia, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Eugenia Rivero
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | - Rafael Andres del Orbe Barreto
- Edif. Laboratorios, planta baja., Hospital Universitario Cruces Servicio de Hematología. Sección Eritropatología – Hem. Molecular, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Maria Diez-Campelo
- Hematology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University Hospital of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis E. Benlloch
- Grupo Español de Síndromes Mielodisplásicos (GESMD), Valencia, Spain
| | - Davide Crucitti
- Instituto de Investigacions Sanitarias de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - David Valcárcel
- Department of Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Bahaj W, Kewan T, Gurnari C, Durmaz A, Ponvilawan B, Pandit I, Kubota Y, Ogbue OD, Zawit M, Madanat Y, Bat T, Balasubramanian SK, Awada H, Ahmed R, Mori M, Meggendorfer M, Haferlach T, Visconte V, Maciejewski JP. Novel scheme for defining the clinical implications of TP53 mutations in myeloid neoplasia. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:91. [PMID: 37537667 PMCID: PMC10401750 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TP53 mutations (TP53MT) occur in diverse genomic configurations. Particularly, biallelic inactivation is associated with poor overall survival in cancer. Lesions affecting only one allele might not be directly leukemogenic, questioning the presence of cryptic biallelic subclones in cases with dismal prognosis. METHODS We have collected clinical and molecular data of 7400 patients with myeloid neoplasms and applied a novel model by identifying an optimal VAF cutoff using a statistically robust strategy of sampling-based regression on survival data to accurately classify the TP53 allelic configuration and assess prognosis more precisely. RESULTS Overall, TP53MT were found in 1010 patients. Following the traditional criteria, 36% of the cases were classified as single hits, while 64% exhibited double hits genomic configuration. Using a newly developed molecular algorithm, we found that 579 (57%) patients had unequivocally biallelic, 239 (24%) likely contained biallelic, and 192 (19%) had most likely monoallelic TP53MT. Interestingly, our method was able to upstage 192 out of 352 (54.5%) traditionally single hit lesions into a probable biallelic category. Such classification was further substantiated by a survival-based model built after re-categorization. Among cases traditionally considered monoallelic, the overall survival of those with probable monoallelic mutations was similar to the one of wild-type patients and was better than that of patients with a biallelic configuration. As a result, patients with certain biallelic hits, regardless of the disease subtype (AML or MDS), had a similar prognosis. Similar results were observed when the model was applied to an external cohort. In addition, single-cell DNA studies unveiled the biallelic nature of previously considered monoallelic cases. CONCLUSION Our novel approach more accurately resolves TP53 genomic configuration and uncovers genetic mosaicism for the use in the clinical setting to improve prognostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waled Bahaj
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Tariq Kewan
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Ph.D. in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Arda Durmaz
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ben Ponvilawan
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ishani Pandit
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Olisaemeka D Ogbue
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Misam Zawit
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yazan Madanat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Taha Bat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Hussein Awada
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Ramsha Ahmed
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Minako Mori
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | | | | | - Valeria Visconte
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9620 Carnegie Ave N Building, Building NE6-250, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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9
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Ramos PM, Choi J, Campbell CD, Wang YA, Pallaud C, Dickinson M, Verma A, Mittelman M, Platzbecker U, Cherif H, Fenaux P. Next-generation sequencing of baseline genetic mutations and outcomes of eltrombopag and azacitidine therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and thrombocytopenia: Data from the SUPPORT clinical trial. EJHAEM 2023; 4:876-881. [PMID: 37601870 PMCID: PMC10435669 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Eltrombopag has been previously shown to be effective in reversing azacitidine-mediated thrombocytopenia. This was further investigated in the SUPPORT trial, a phase III study assessing the efficacy/safety of eltrombopag plus azacitidine in patients with intermediate- to high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes and thrombocytopenia. The results did not support a clinical benefit for the addition of eltrombopag to azacitidine. We investigated if the somatic mutational profiles in the patient cohort were associated with treatment outcomes. Based on the available data, we observed no imbalance in the mutational profiles between treatment arms or a clear association between identified somatic mutations and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeea Choi
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals CorporationEast HanoverNew JerseyUSA
| | | | - Ying A. Wang
- Novartis Global Drug DevelopmentCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
- Present address:
Bayer Pharmaceuticals CorporationCambridgeMAUSA
| | | | - Michael Dickinson
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
| | - Amit Verma
- Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of MedicineAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Moshe Mittelman
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Medical Clinical and PoliclinicHematology and Cellular TherapyUniversity Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Honar Cherif
- Department of Medical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Hôpital AvicenneAssistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris/University Paris XIIIBobignyFrance
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10
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Toribio-Castelló S, Castaño S, Villaverde-Ramiro Á, Such E, Arnán M, Solé F, Díaz-Beyá M, Díez-Campelo M, del Rey M, González T, Hernández-Rivas JM. Mutational Profile Enables the Identification of a High-Risk Subgroup in Myelodysplastic Syndromes with Isolated Trisomy 8. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3822. [PMID: 37568638 PMCID: PMC10417840 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 8 (+8) is the most frequent trisomy in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and is associated with clinical heterogeneity and intermediate cytogenetic risk when found in isolation. The presence of gene mutations in this group of patients and the prognostic significance has not been extensively analyzed. Targeted deep sequencing was performed in a cohort of 79 MDS patients showing isolated +8. The most frequently mutated genes were: TET2 (38%), STAG2 (34.2%), SRSF2 (29.1%) and RUNX1 (26.6%). The mutational profile identified a high-risk subgroup with mutations in STAG2, SRSF2 and/or RUNX1, resulting in shorter time to acute myeloid leukemia progression (14 months while not reached in patients without these mutations, p < 0.0001) and shorter overall survival (23.7 vs. 46.3 months, p = 0.001). Multivariate analyses revealed the presence of mutations in these genes as an independent prognostic factor in MDS showing +8 isolated (HR: 3.1; p < 0.01). Moreover, 39.5% and 15.4% of patients classified as low/intermediate risk by the IPSS-R and IPSS-M, respectively, were re-stratified as a high-risk subgroup based on the mutational status of STAG2, SRSF2 and RUNX1. Results were validated in an external cohort (n = 2494). In summary, this study validates the prognosis significance of somatic mutations shown in IPSS-M and adds STAG2 as an important mutated gene to consider in this specific subgroup of patients. The mutational profile in isolated +8 MDS patients could, therefore, offer new insights for the correct management of patients with a higher risk of leukemic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Toribio-Castelló
- IBSAL, IBMCC, CSIC, Cancer Research Center, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (S.T.-C.); (J.M.H.-R.)
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.D.-C.); (T.G.)
- CIBERONC, Research Group CB16/12/00233, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sandra Castaño
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángela Villaverde-Ramiro
- IBSAL, IBMCC, CSIC, Cancer Research Center, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (S.T.-C.); (J.M.H.-R.)
| | - Esperanza Such
- Hematology Department, Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Arnán
- Hematology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO)-Hospital Duran i Reynals, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francesc Solé
- MDS Group, Institut de Recerca Contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Badalona, Spain
| | - Marina Díaz-Beyá
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Díez-Campelo
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.D.-C.); (T.G.)
- CIBERONC, Research Group CB16/12/00233, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mónica del Rey
- IBSAL, IBMCC, CSIC, Cancer Research Center, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (S.T.-C.); (J.M.H.-R.)
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.D.-C.); (T.G.)
| | - Teresa González
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.D.-C.); (T.G.)
| | - Jesús María Hernández-Rivas
- IBSAL, IBMCC, CSIC, Cancer Research Center, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (S.T.-C.); (J.M.H.-R.)
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.D.-C.); (T.G.)
- CIBERONC, Research Group CB16/12/00233, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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11
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Kewan T, Durmaz A, Bahaj W, Gurnari C, Terkawi L, Awada H, Ogbue OD, Ahmed R, Pagliuca S, Awada H, Kubota Y, Mori M, Ponvilawan B, Al-Share B, Patel BJ, Carraway HE, Scott J, Balasubramanian SK, Bat T, Madanat Y, Sekeres MA, Haferlach T, Visconte V, Maciejewski JP. Molecular patterns identify distinct subclasses of myeloid neoplasia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3136. [PMID: 37253784 PMCID: PMC10229666 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic mutations drive the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. While morphological and clinical features have dominated the classical criteria for diagnosis and classification, incorporation of molecular data can illuminate functional pathobiology. Here we show that unsupervised machine learning can identify functional objective molecular clusters, irrespective of anamnestic clinico-morphological features, despite the complexity of the molecular alterations in myeloid neoplasia. Our approach reflects disease evolution, informed classification, prognostication, and molecular interactions. We apply machine learning methods on 3588 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and secondary acute myeloid leukemia to identify 14 molecularly distinct clusters. Remarkably, our model shows clinical implications in terms of overall survival and response to treatment even after adjusting to the molecular international prognostic scoring system (IPSS-M). In addition, the model is validated on an external cohort of 412 patients. Our subclassification model is available via a web-based open-access resource ( https://drmz.shinyapps.io/mds_latent ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Kewan
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Arda Durmaz
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Department, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Waled Bahaj
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Carmelo Gurnari
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Ph.D. in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Laila Terkawi
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hussein Awada
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Olisaemeka D Ogbue
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ramsha Ahmed
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Simona Pagliuca
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Hassan Awada
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Minako Mori
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ben Ponvilawan
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bayan Al-Share
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Bhumika J Patel
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hetty E Carraway
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jacob Scott
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Department, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Suresh K Balasubramanian
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Taha Bat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yazan Madanat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mikkael A Sekeres
- Division of Hematology, Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Valeria Visconte
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Jaroslaw P Maciejewski
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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12
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Kaastrup K, Gillberg L, Mikkelsen SU, Ørskov AD, Schöllkopf C, Mortensen BK, Porse B, Hansen JW, Grønbæk K. LEP promoter methylation in the initiation and progression of clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance and myelodysplastic syndrome. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:91. [PMID: 37237325 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01505-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic non-clonal cytopenia (ICUS) and clonal cytopenia (CCUS) are common in the elderly population. While these entities have similar clinical presentations with peripheral blood cytopenia and less than 10% bone marrow dysplasia, their malignant potential is different and the biological relationship between these disorders and myeloid neoplasms such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is not fully understood. Aberrant DNA methylation has previously been described to play a vital role in MDS and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis. In addition, obesity confers a poorer prognosis in MDS with inferior overall survival and a higher rate of AML transformation. In this study, we measured DNA methylation of the promoter for the obesity-regulated gene LEP, encoding leptin, in hematopoietic cells from ICUS, CCUS and MDS patients and healthy controls. We investigated whether LEP promoter methylation is an early event in the development of myeloid neoplasms and whether it is associated with clinical outcome. RESULTS We found that blood cells of patients with ICUS, CCUS and MDS all have a significantly hypermethylated LEP promoter compared to healthy controls and that LEP hypermethylation is associated with anemia, increased bone marrow blast percentage, and lower plasma leptin levels. MDS patients with a high LEP promoter methylation have a higher risk of progression, shorter progression-free survival, and inferior overall survival. Furthermore, LEP promoter methylation was an independent risk factor for the progression of MDS in a multivariate Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, hypermethylation of the LEP promoter is an early and frequent event in myeloid neoplasms and is associated with a worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Kaastrup
- The Epi-/Genome Lab, Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linn Gillberg
- The Epi-/Genome Lab, Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine U Mikkelsen
- The Epi-/Genome Lab, Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas D Ørskov
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Bo K Mortensen
- Department of Hematology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Bo Porse
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob W Hansen
- The Epi-/Genome Lab, Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Grønbæk
- The Epi-/Genome Lab, Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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13
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Sauta E, Robin M, Bersanelli M, Travaglino E, Meggendorfer M, Zhao LP, Caballero Berrocal JC, Sala C, Maggioni G, Bernardi M, Di Grazia C, Vago L, Rivoli G, Borin L, D'Amico S, Tentori CA, Ubezio M, Campagna A, Russo A, Mannina D, Lanino L, Chiusolo P, Giaccone L, Voso MT, Riva M, Oliva EN, Zampini M, Riva E, Nibourel O, Bicchieri M, Bolli N, Rambaldi A, Passamonti F, Savevski V, Santoro A, Germing U, Kordasti S, Santini V, Diez-Campelo M, Sanz G, Sole F, Kern W, Platzbecker U, Ades L, Fenaux P, Haferlach T, Castellani G, Della Porta MG. Real-World Validation of Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System for Myelodysplastic Syndromes. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:2827-2842. [PMID: 36930857 PMCID: PMC10414702 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous myeloid neoplasms in which a risk-adapted treatment strategy is needed. Recently, a new clinical-molecular prognostic model, the Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-M) was proposed to improve the prediction of clinical outcome of the currently available tool (Revised International Prognostic Scoring System [IPSS-R]). We aimed to provide an extensive validation of IPSS-M. METHODS A total of 2,876 patients with primary MDS from the GenoMed4All consortium were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS IPSS-M improved prognostic discrimination across all clinical end points with respect to IPSS-R (concordance was 0.81 v 0.74 for overall survival and 0.89 v 0.76 for leukemia-free survival, respectively). This was true even in those patients without detectable gene mutations. Compared with the IPSS-R based stratification, the IPSS-M risk group changed in 46% of patients (23.6% and 22.4% of subjects were upstaged and downstaged, respectively).In patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), IPSS-M significantly improved the prediction of the risk of disease relapse and the probability of post-transplantation survival versus IPSS-R (concordance was 0.76 v 0.60 for overall survival and 0.89 v 0.70 for probability of relapse, respectively). In high-risk patients treated with hypomethylating agents (HMA), IPSS-M failed to stratify individual probability of response; response duration and probability of survival were inversely related to IPSS-M risk.Finally, we tested the accuracy in predicting IPSS-M when molecular information was missed and we defined a minimum set of 15 relevant genes associated with high performance of the score. CONCLUSION IPSS-M improves MDS prognostication and might result in a more effective selection of candidates to HSCT. Additional factors other than gene mutations can be involved in determining HMA sensitivity. The definition of a minimum set of relevant genes may facilitate the clinical implementation of the score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Sauta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marie Robin
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)/University Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Matteo Bersanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Travaglino
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lin-Pierre Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)/University Paris 7, Paris, France
| | | | - Claudia Sala
- Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Maggioni
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Bernardi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Di Grazia
- Hematology and Transplant Center, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Rivoli
- Hematology and Transplant Center, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Saverio D'Amico
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marta Ubezio
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Campagna
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Mannina
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Lanino
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Chiusolo
- Hematology, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli & Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Giaccone
- Stem Cell Transplant Program, Department of Oncology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Hematology, Policlinico Tor Vergata & Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Riva
- Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Esther Natalie Oliva
- Hematology, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Matteo Zampini
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Riva
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Niccolo’ Bolli
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Passamonti
- Hematology, ASST Sette Laghi, Ospedale di Circolo of Varese, Varese, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Victor Savevski
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Armando Santoro
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University, University Clinic, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Shahram Kordasti
- Haematology, Guy's Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King's College, London, United Kingdom
- Hematology Department and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, DISCLIMO-Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valeria Santini
- Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi & University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Diez-Campelo
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Guillermo Sanz
- Hematology, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesc Sole
- Institut de Recerca Contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic 1, Hematology and Cellular Therapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lionel Ades
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)/University Paris 7, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Fenaux
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hôpital Saint-Louis/Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)/University Paris 7, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Matteo Giovanni Della Porta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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14
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Zamanillo I, Poza M, Ayala R, Rapado I, Martinez-Lopez J, Cedena MT. Impact of IPSS-M implementation in real-life clinical practice. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1199023. [PMID: 37274292 PMCID: PMC10233005 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1199023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The IPSS-M is a recently published score for risk stratification in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), based on clinical and molecular data. We aimed to evaluate its relevance on treatment choice in a real-life setting. Methods We retrospectively collected clinical, cytogenetic and molecular data from 166 MDS patients. We calculated IPSS-R and IPSS-M scores and compared Overall Survival (OS) and Leukemia Free Survival (LFS). We also analyzed which patients would have been affected by the re-stratification in terms of clinical management. Results We found that 86.1% of the patients had at least one genetic alteration. The most frequent mutated genes were SF3B1 (25.9%), DNMT3A (16.8%) and ASXL1 (14.4%). IPSS-M re-stratified 48.2% of the patients, of which 16.9% were downgraded and 31.3% were upgraded. IPSS-M improved outcome prediction, with a Harrell's c-index of 0.680 vs 0.626 for OS and 0.801 vs 0.757 for LFS. In 22.2% of the cohort, the reclassification of the IPSS-M could potentially affect clinical management; 17.4% of the patients would be eligible for treatment intensification and 4.8% for treatment reduction. Conclusions IPSS-M implementation in clinical practice could imply different treatment approaches in a significant number of patients. Our work validates IPSS-M in an external cohort and confirms its applicability in a real-life setting.
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15
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Bahaj W, Kewan T, Gurnari C, Durmaz A, Ponvilawan B, Pandit I, Kubota Y, Ogbue OD, Zawit M, Madanat Y, Bat T, Balasubramanian SK, Awada H, Ahmed R, Mori M, Meggendorfer M, Haferlach T, Visconte V, Maciejewski JP. Novel Scheme for Defining the Clinical Implications of TP53 Mutations in Myeloid Neoplasia. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2656206. [PMID: 36945617 PMCID: PMC10029089 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2656206/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: TP53 mutations ( TP53 MT ) occur in diverse genomic configurations. Particularly, biallelic inactivation is associated with poor overall survival in cancer. Lesions affecting only one allele might not be directly leukemogenic, questioning the presence of cryptic biallelic subclones in cases with dismal prognosis. Methods: We have collected clinical and molecular data of 7400 patients with myeloid neoplasms and applied a novel model to properly resolve the allelic configuration of TP53 MT and assess prognosis more precisely. Results: Overall, TP53 MT were found in 1010 patients. Following the traditional criteria, 36% of cases were classified as single hits while 64% exhibited double hits genomic configuration. Using a newly developed molecular algorithm, we found that 579 (57%) patients had unequivocally biallelic, 239 (24%) likely contained biallelic, and 192 (19%) had most likely monoallelic TP53 MT . Such classification was further substantiated by a survival-based model built after re-categorization. Among cases traditionally considered monoallelic, the overall survival of those with probable monoallelic mutations was similar to the one of wild-type patients and was better than that of patients with a biallelic configuration. As a result, patients with certain biallelic hits, regardless of the disease subtype (AML or MDS), had a similar prognosis. Similar results were observed when the model was applied to an external cohort. These results were recapitulated by single-cell DNA studies, which unveiled the biallelic nature of previously considered monoallelic cases. Conclusion: Our novel approach more accurately resolves TP53 genomic configuration and uncovers genetic mosaicism for the use in the clinical setting to improve prognostic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Taha Bat
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
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16
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Brett VE, Lechevalier N, Trimoreau F, Dussiau C, Dimicoli-Salazar S, Coster L, Luquet I, Nadal N, Ribourtout B, Chapiro E, Lefebvre C, Tondeur S, Balducci E, Nguyen-Khac F, Borie C, Radford-Weiss I, Barin C, Eclache V, Mansier O, Bidet A. The presence of a chromosomal abnormality in cytopenia without dysplasia identifies a category of high-risk clonal cytopenia of unknown significance. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2023; 62:139-151. [PMID: 36412977 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are hematological malignancies classically defined by the presence of cytopenia(s) and dysmorphic myeloid cells. It is now known that MDS can be preceded by a pre-malignant condition called clonal cytopenia of unknown significance (CCUS), which associates a clonality marker with cytopenia in the absence of criteria of dysplasia. However, to date, it is not clear whether chromosomal abnormalities should be considered in the definition of CCUS or if they carry a prognostic impact in CCUS patients. In this study, we analyzed the clinico-biological features and outcomes of 34 patients who presented with one or more cytopenias, an absence of significant dysplasia, and a presence of a chromosomal abnormality (CA). We named this entity chromosomal abnormality with cytopenia of undetermined significance (CACtUS). We show that these patients are slightly older than MDS patients and that they more frequently presented with normocytic anemia. Most CACtUS patients exhibited only one unbalanced CA. The number and type of mutations were comparable between CACtUS patients and MDS patients. Regardless of the cytogenetic abnormality, the clinicobiological characteristics, overall survival, and risk of progression to high-risk (HR) MDS were similar between CACtUS patients and low-risk MDS patients. Thus, we suggest that CACtUS patients can be considered as HR-CCUS and should receive the follow-up regimen recommended for MDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Franck Trimoreau
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Charles Dussiau
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U1034, Biology of cardiovascular disease, Pessac, France
| | | | - Lucie Coster
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Toulouse, site IUCT-O, Toulouse, France.,Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
| | - Isabelle Luquet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Toulouse, site IUCT-O, Toulouse, France.,Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
| | - Nathalie Nadal
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Service de génétique chromosomique et moléculaire, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Bénédicte Ribourtout
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Elise Chapiro
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Christine Lefebvre
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Laboratoire de Cytogénétique des Hémopathies, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvie Tondeur
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU St-Etienne, St Etienne, France
| | - Estelle Balducci
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Paul Brousse, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Florence Nguyen-Khac
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Claire Borie
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Paul Brousse, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Radford-Weiss
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Carole Barin
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Laboratoire de cytogénétique hématologique, Service de génétique, CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Virginie Eclache
- Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH).,Hopital Pitié-Salpétrière, AP-HP, France
| | - Olivier Mansier
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U1034, Biology of cardiovascular disease, Pessac, France
| | - Audrey Bidet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Groupe Francophone de Cytogénétique Hématologique (GFCH)
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17
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Zhou C, Zheng F, Xu L, Zhang X, Chang Y, Mo X, Sun Y, Huang X, Wang Y. Mutation of the TP53 gene in acute lymphoblastic leukemia does not affect survival outcomes after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:977-985. [PMID: 36251447 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that TP53 mutation is correlated with insufficient therapy response and unfavorable prognosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Few studies have investigated the impact of TP53 mutation in ALL patients after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT). We completed a retrospective study of 65 ALL patients with available TP53 status who underwent haplo-HSCT. They were divided into a TP53 mutation group (TP53mut ) and a TP53 wild-type (TP53wt ) group. TP53mut showed comparable 2-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) rates (13.1% vs 12.5%, P = .96) and 2-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) (74.2% vs 77.4%, P = .80) with TP53wt . No significant differences in 2-year overall survival (OS) rates (82.9% vs 87.3%, P = .61) or 2-year NRM rates (12.7% vs 10.2%, P = .69) were observed in TP53mut and TP53wt patients. Multivariate analysis suggested that white blood cell (WBC) count at initial diagnosis (>50 × 109 /L: hazard ratio [HR] = 3.860, P = .016) and age (>40 years old: HR = 4.120, P = .012) are independent risk factors for 2-year LFS. Our study showed that TP53 mutations may not be related to the unfavorable impact on survival in ALL patients after treatment with haplo-HSCT. The present results suggested that haplo-HSCT may eliminate the poor prognosis effect of TP53 mutation in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Zhou
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Zheng
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lanping Xu
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjun Chang
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Mo
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqian Sun
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Research Unit of Key Technique for Diagnosis and Treatments of Hematologic Malignancies, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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18
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Weiß E, Walter W, Meggendorfer M, Baer C, Haferlach C, Haferlach T, Kern W. Identification of a specific immunophenotype associated with a consistent pattern of genetic mutations including SRFS2 and gene expression profile in MDS. CYTOMETRY. PART B, CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2023; 104:173-182. [PMID: 35088567 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases classified by comprehensive diagnostics. Identification of homogeneous subgroups is desirable to understand differences in clinical course and to develop targeted treatment approaches. We identified a specific CD11b/CD16 expression pattern in granulocytes associated with reduced CD45 expression in myeloid progenitor cells (MPC) in MDS cases and assessed its genetic background by whole genome (WGS) and whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS). METHODS The cohort consisted of 32 MDS cases with the specific aberrant immunophenotype. Since all these 32 cases were found to be SRSF2 mutated additional 51 SRSF2 mutated MDS cases without this specific immunophenotype were selected as controls. For all cases WGS and WTS were performed. RESULTS The immunophenotype newly identified in SRSF2 mutated MDS patients is characterized (1) by a specific maturation pattern, i.e. an increase of CD11b expression without CD16 expression followed by an increase in CD16 expression without further CD11b expression and (2) by only dim CD45 expression of MPC. STAG2 mutations were exclusively found in MDS cases with the specific immunophenotype (17/32, 53% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). Hence, >50% of cases with the specific immunophenotype were characterized by co-mutations in SRSF2 and STAG2. In addition, cluster analysis revealed a specific gene expression profile of such cases. CONCLUSION We here for the first time describe a specific immunophenotype which defines MDS cases with SRSF2 mutations and a consistent and specific mutational and gene expression profile. This comprehensive data warrants analysis of further such cases to assess the feasibility of defining a new sub-entity of MDS.
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19
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Huber S, Haferlach T, Müller H, Meggendorfer M, Hutter S, Hoermann G, Baer C, Kern W, Haferlach C. MDS subclassification-do we still have to count blasts? Leukemia 2023; 37:942-945. [PMID: 36813994 PMCID: PMC10079547 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Huber
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Torsten Haferlach
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Müller
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Manja Meggendorfer
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Hutter
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Constance Baer
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kern
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Haferlach
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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20
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Hoff FW, Madanat YF. Molecular Drivers of Myelodysplastic Neoplasms (MDS)-Classification and Prognostic Relevance. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040627. [PMID: 36831294 PMCID: PMC9954608 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) form a broad spectrum of clonal myeloid malignancies arising from hematopoietic stem cells that are characterized by progressive and refractory cytopenia and morphological dysplasia. Recent advances in unraveling the underlying pathogenesis of MDS have led to the identification of molecular drivers and secondary genetic events. With the overall goal of classifying patients into relevant disease entities that can aid to predict clinical outcomes and make therapeutic decisions, several MDS classification models (e.g., French-American-British, World Health Organization, and International Consensus Classification) as well as prognostication models (e.g., International Prognostic Scoring system (IPSS), the revised IPSS (IPSS-R), and the molecular IPSS (IPSS-M)), have been developed. The IPSS-M is the first model that incorporates molecular data for individual genes and facilitates better prediction of clinical outcome parameters compared to older versions of this model (i.e., overall survival, disease progression, and leukemia-free survival). Comprehensive classification and accurate risk prediction largely depend on the integration of genetic mutations that drive the disease, which is crucial to improve the diagnostic work-up, guide treatment decision making, and direct novel therapeutic options. In this review, we summarize the most common cytogenetic and genomic drivers of MDS and how they impact MDS prognosis and treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fieke W. Hoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8565, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8565, USA
| | - Yazan F. Madanat
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8565, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8565, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-214-648-5502; Fax: +1-214-648-4152
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21
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Baer C, Huber S, Hutter S, Meggendorfer M, Nadarajah N, Walter W, Platzbecker U, Götze KS, Kern W, Haferlach T, Hoermann G, Haferlach C. Risk prediction in MDS: independent validation of the IPSS-M-ready for routine? Leukemia 2023; 37:938-941. [PMID: 36725896 PMCID: PMC10079546 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01831-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Constance Baer
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Sandra Huber
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Hutter
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Manja Meggendorfer
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Niroshan Nadarajah
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Wencke Walter
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic 1, Hematology and Cellular Therapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katharina S Götze
- Technical University of Munich (TUM), School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine III, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kern
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Torsten Haferlach
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Haferlach
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
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22
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Liu W, Li D, Lu T, Zhang H, Chen Z, Ruan Q, Zheng Z, Chen L, Guo J. Comprehensive analysis of RNA-binding protein SRSF2-dependent alternative splicing signature in malignant proliferation of colorectal carcinoma. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102876. [PMID: 36623729 PMCID: PMC9926302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2) can lead to tumorigenesis, but its molecular mechanism in colorectal cancer is currently unknown. Herein, we found SRSF2 to be highly expressed in human colorectal cancer (CRC) samples compared with normal tissues. Both in vitro and in vivo, SRSF2 significantly accelerated the proliferation of colon cancer cells. Using RNA-seq, we screened and identified 33 alternative splicing events regulated by SRSF2. Knockdown of SLMAP-L or CETN3-S splice isoform could suppress the growth of colon cancer cells, predicting their role in malignant proliferation of colon cancer cells. Mechanistically, the in vivo crosslinking immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated the direct binding of the RNA recognition motif of SRSF2 protein to SLMAP and CETN3 pre-mRNAs. SRSF2 activated the inclusion of SLMAP alternative exon 24 by binding to constitutive exon 25, while SRSF2 facilitated the exclusion of CETN3 alternative exon 5 by binding to neighboring exon 6. Knockdown of SRSF2, its splicing targets SLMAP-L, or CETN3-S caused colon cancer cells to arrest in G1 phase of the cell cycle. Rescue of SLMAP-L or CETN3-S splice isoform in SRSF2 knockdown colon cancer cells could effectively reverse the inhibition of cell proliferation by SRSF2 knockdown through mediating cell cycle progression. Importantly, the percentage of SLMAP exon 24 inclusion increased and CETN3 exon 5 inclusion decreased in CRC samples compared to paired normal samples. Collectively, our findings identify that SRSF2 dysregulates colorectal carcinoma proliferation at the molecular level of splicing regulation and reveal potential splicing targets in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Lu
- National Center for Colorectal Diseases, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haosheng Zhang
- Institute of Modern Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengxin Chen
- National Center for Colorectal Diseases, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinli Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Science and Technology Experimental Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Huber S, Haferlach T, Meggendorfer M, Hutter S, Hoermann G, Baer C, Kern W, Haferlach C. SF3B1 mutated MDS: Blast count, genetic co-abnormalities and their impact on classification and prognosis. Leukemia 2022; 36:2894-2902. [PMID: 36261576 PMCID: PMC9712089 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01728-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently, MDS with mutated SF3B1 and blast count <5% was proposed as distinct entity with favorable prognosis by the international working group for the prognosis of MDS (IWG-PM), the 5th edition of the WHO classification and the International Consensus Classification. To further characterize this entity with respect to the genomic landscape, AML transformation rate and clinical outcome, we analyzed 734 MDS patients by whole genome sequencing. SF3B1 mutations were identified in 31% (n = 231), most frequently accompanied by TET2 mutations (29%). 144/231 (62%) SF3B1mut samples fulfilled entity criteria proposed by IWG-PM (SF3B1ent). These cases were associated with longer survival, lower AML transformation rate, normal karyotypes and harbored less accompanying mutations compared to SF3B1mut samples not falling into the proposed SF3B1 entity (SF3B1nent). Of SF3B1mut cases 7% (15/231; SF3B1ent: 3/144 [2%]; SF3B1nent: 12/87 [14%]) progressed to AML compared to 15% SF3B1 wild-type patients (75/503). Of these 15 SF3B1mut cases, 10 (67%) showed RUNX1 mutations at MDS or AML stage. Multivariate analysis revealed that del(5q) and RUNX1 mutations were independent negative prognostic factors for overall survival, while blast count >5% was not. In conclusion, SF3B1mut MDS has a favorable prognosis independent of blast count if karyotype and RUNX1 mutations are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Huber
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Torsten Haferlach
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Manja Meggendorfer
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Hutter
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Constance Baer
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kern
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Haferlach
- MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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A sex-informed approach to improve the personalised decision making process in myelodysplastic syndromes: a multicentre, observational cohort study. Lancet Haematol 2022; 10:e117-e128. [PMID: 36436542 PMCID: PMC9886555 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(22)00323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex is a major source of diversity among patients and a sex-informed approach is becoming a new paradigm in precision medicine. We aimed to describe sex diversity in myelodysplastic syndromes in terms of disease genotype, phenotype, and clinical outcome. Moreover, we sought to incorporate sex information into the clinical decision-making process as a fundamental component of patient individuality. METHODS In this multicentre, observational cohort study, we retrospectively analysed 13 284 patients aged 18 years or older with a diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndrome according to 2016 WHO criteria included in the EuroMDS network (n=2025), International Working Group for Prognosis in MDS (IWG-PM; n=2387), the Spanish Group of Myelodysplastic Syndromes registry (GESMD; n=7687), or the Düsseldorf MDS registry (n=1185). Recruitment periods for these cohorts were between 1990 and 2016. The correlation between sex and genomic features was analysed in the EuroMDS cohort and validated in the IWG-PM cohort. The effect of sex on clinical outcome, with overall survival as the main endpoint, was analysed in the EuroMDS population and validated in the other three cohorts. Finally, novel prognostic models incorporating sex and genomic information were built and validated, and compared to the widely used revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04889729. FINDINGS The study included 7792 (58·7%) men and 5492 (41·3%) women. 10 906 (82·1%) patients were White, and race was not reported for 2378 (17·9%) patients. Sex biases were observed at the single-gene level with mutations in seven genes enriched in men (ASXL1, SRSF2, and ZRSR2 p<0·0001 in both cohorts; DDX41 not available in the EuroMDS cohort vs p=0·0062 in the IWG-PM cohort; IDH2 p<0·0001 in EuroMDS vs p=0·042 in IWG-PM; TET2 p=0·031 vs p=0·035; U2AF1 p=0·033 vs p<0·0001) and mutations in two genes were enriched in women (DNMT3A p<0·0001 in EuroMDS vs p=0·011 in IWG-PM; TP53 p=0·030 vs p=0·037). Additionally, sex biases were observed in co-mutational pathways of founding genomic lesions (splicing-related genes, predominantly in men, p<0·0001 in both the EuroMDS and IWG-PM cohorts), in DNA methylation (predominantly in men, p=0·046 in EuroMDS vs p<0·0001 in IWG-PM), and TP53 mutational pathways (predominantly in women, p=0·0073 in EuroMDS vs p<0·0001 in IWG-PM). In the retrospective EuroMDS cohort, men had worse median overall survival (81·3 months, 95% CI 70·4-95·0 in men vs 123·5 months, 104·5-127·5 in women; hazard ratio [HR] 1·40, 95% CI 1·26-1·52; p<0·0001). This result was confirmed in the prospective validation cohorts (median overall survival was 54·7 months, 95% CI 52·4-59·1 in men vs 74·4 months, 69·3-81·2 in women; HR 1·30, 95% CI 1·23-1·35; p<0·0001 in the GEMSD MDS registry; 40·0 months, 95% CI 33·4-43·7 in men vs 54·2 months, 38·6-63·8 in women; HR 1·23, 95% CI 1·08-1·36; p<0·0001 in the Dusseldorf MDS registry). We developed new personalised prognostic tools that included sex information (the sex-informed prognostic scoring system and the sex-informed genomic scoring system). Sex maintained independent prognostic power in all prognostic systems; the highest performance was observed in the model that included both sex and genomic information. A five-to-five mapping between the IPSS-R and new score categories resulted in the re-stratification of 871 (43·0%) of 2025 patients from the EuroMDS cohort and 1003 (42·0%) of 2387 patients from the IWG-PM cohort by using the sex-informed prognostic scoring system, and of 1134 (56·0%) patients from the EuroMDS cohort and 1265 (53·0%) patients from the IWG-PM cohort by using the sex-informed genomic scoring system. We created a web portal that enables outcome predictions based on a sex-informed personalised approach. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that a sex-informed approach can improve the personalised decision making process in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and should be considered in the design of clinical trials including low-risk patients. FUNDING European Union (Horizon 2020 and Transcan programs), Italian Association for Cancer Research, Italian Ministry of Health, and Italian Ministry of University and Research.
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Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a family of myeloid cancers with diverse genotypes and phenotypes characterized by ineffective haematopoiesis and risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Some epidemiological data indicate that MDS incidence is increasing in resource-rich regions but this is controversial. Most MDS cases are caused by randomly acquired somatic mutations. In some patients, the phenotype and/or genotype of MDS overlaps with that of bone marrow failure disorders such as aplastic anaemia, paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) and AML. Prognostic systems, such as the revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R), provide reasonably accurate predictions of survival at the population level. Therapeutic goals in individuals with lower-risk MDS include improving quality of life and minimizing erythrocyte and platelet transfusions. Therapeutic goals in people with higher-risk MDS include decreasing the risk of AML transformation and prolonging survival. Haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) can cure MDS, yet fewer than 10% of affected individuals receive this treatment. However, how, when and in which patients with HCT for MDS should be performed remains controversial, with some studies suggesting HCT is preferred in some individuals with higher-risk MDS. Advances in the understanding of MDS biology offer the prospect of new therapeutic approaches.
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Xie Z, Chen EC, Stahl M, Zeidan AM. Prognostication in myelodysplastic syndromes (neoplasms): Molecular risk stratification finally coming of age. Blood Rev 2022; 59:101033. [PMID: 36357283 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2022.101033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Accurate risk prognostication is central to the management of myelodysplastic syndromes, given the widely heterogeneous clinical outcomes of these bone marrow failure disorders. Over the past decade, the rapidly expanding compendium of molecular lesions in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) has offered unprecedented insight into MDS pathobiology. Recently, molecular prognostic models such as the Molecular International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-M) have leveraged the wellspring of genetic data to improve upon traditional risk models such as the Revised IPSS (IPSS-R), but also added substantial complexity. In this review, we highlight early MDS prognostic models, the significant advancements in MDS genomics since then, and the recent advent of molecular based prognostic models. We conclude by discussing important opportunities and challenges in the management of MDS as we arrive at the molecular frontier.
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The Biological and Clinical Consequences of RNA Splicing Factor U2AF1 Mutation in Myeloid Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184406. [PMID: 36139566 PMCID: PMC9496927 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) is one of the most important RNA splicing genes involved in regulating the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. U2AF1 mutation is a genetic driver event in the initiation of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and frequently occurs in myeloid malignancies. U2AF1 mutation can severely impair hematopoiesis, drive tumor progression, adversely affect disease prognosis, and promote leukemic transformation. This review summarizes the biological and clinical implications of the oncogenic role of U2AF1 mutation in myeloid tumors. Our work provides important and comprehensive insights into the development of the U2AF1 mutation as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for myeloid malignancies. Abstract Mutations of spliceosome genes have been frequently identified in myeloid malignancies with the large-scale application of advanced sequencing technology. U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1), an essential component of U2AF heterodimer, plays a pivotal role in the pre-mRNA splicing processes to generate functional mRNAs. Over the past few decades, the mutation landscape of U2AF1 (most frequently involved S34 and Q157 hotspots) has been drawn in multiple cancers, particularly in myeloid malignancies. As a recognized early driver of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), U2AF1 mutates most frequently in MDS, followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Here, for the first time, we summarize the research progress of U2AF1 mutations in myeloid malignancies, including the correlations between U2AF1 mutations with clinical and genetic characteristics, prognosis, and the leukemic transformation of patients. We also summarize the adverse effects of U2AF1 mutations on hematopoietic function, and the alterations in downstream alternative gene splicing and biological pathways, thus providing comprehensive insights into the roles of U2AF1 mutations in the myeloid malignancy pathogenesis. U2AF1 mutations are expected to be potential novel molecular markers for myeloid malignancies, especially for risk stratification, prognosis assessment, and a therapeutic target of MDS patients.
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Rodriguez-Sevilla JJ, Calvo X, Arenillas L. Causes and Pathophysiology of Acquired Sideroblastic Anemia. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13091562. [PMID: 36140729 PMCID: PMC9498732 DOI: 10.3390/genes13091562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The sideroblastic anemias are a heterogeneous group of inherited and acquired disorders characterized by anemia and the presence of ring sideroblasts in the bone marrow. Ring sideroblasts are abnormal erythroblasts with iron-loaded mitochondria that are visualized by Prussian blue staining as a perinuclear ring of green-blue granules. The mechanisms that lead to the ring sideroblast formation are heterogeneous, but in all of them, there is an abnormal deposition of iron in the mitochondria of erythroblasts. Congenital sideroblastic anemias include nonsyndromic and syndromic disorders. Acquired sideroblastic anemias include conditions that range from clonal disorders (myeloid neoplasms as myelodysplastic syndromes and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms with ring sideroblasts) to toxic or metabolic reversible sideroblastic anemia. In the last 30 years, due to the advances in genomic techniques, a deep knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms has been accomplished and the bases for possible targeted treatments have been established. The distinction between the different forms of sideroblastic anemia is based on the study of the characteristics of the anemia, age of diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and the performance of laboratory analysis involving genetic testing in many cases. This review focuses on the differential diagnosis of acquired disorders associated with ring sideroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xavier Calvo
- Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Hematological Neoplasms (GRETNHE), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonor Arenillas
- Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Group of Translational Research on Hematological Neoplasms (GRETNHE), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +349-3248-3036; Fax: +349-3248-3131
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Murakami K, Tamura S, Maruyama A, Naitoh T, Teramoto K, Mikasa Y, Tanaka M, Murata S, Kato S. Renal Leukemic Infiltration Overlapping Acute Focal Bacterial Nephritis during Myelodysplastic Syndrome: An Autopsy Case Report. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58081060. [PMID: 36013527 PMCID: PMC9412618 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Renal leukemic infiltration is uncommon in myeloid neoplasms, including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). A 76-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever and dyspnea. He was diagnosed with MDS with multilineage dysplasia and acute focal bacterial nephritis (AFBN) based on clinical, laboratory, and radiological investigations. Antibiotic treatment temporarily improved his condition, but the radiological image of AFBN remained. His condition gradually deteriorated into multiple organ failure, and he unfortunately died on the 31st day of hospitalization. Autopsy findings revealed significantly increased p53-positive blasts in the bone marrow and renal parenchyma overlapping AFBN, suggesting leukemic transformation and renal infiltration. This case emphasizes the need to review the diagnosis when antibiotic treatment is ineffective in MDS patients with AFBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishu Murakami
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tamura
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-73-441-0603; Fax: +81-73-447-2360
| | - Anna Maruyama
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- First Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Tomomi Naitoh
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Kan Teramoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Yurina Mikasa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Masaoh Tanaka
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shinichi Murata
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
| | - Seiya Kato
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan
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Illango J, Sreekantan Nair A, Gor R, Wijeratne Fernando R, Malik M, Siddiqui NA, Hamid P. A Systematic Review of the Role of Runt-Related Transcription Factor 1 (RUNX1) in the Pathogenesis of Hematological Malignancies in Patients With Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes. Cureus 2022; 14:e25372. [PMID: 35765406 PMCID: PMC9233622 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) mutations are the most common mutations in various hematological malignancies, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Mono-allelic RUNX1 mutations in germline cells may cause familial platelet disorder (FPD), an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome (IBMFS) associated with an increased lifetime risk of AML. It is suspected that additional RUNX1 mutations may play a role in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies in IBMFS. This review aims to study the role of RUNX1 mutations in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies in patients with IBMFS. A PubMed database search was conducted using the following medical subject heading (MeSH) terms: “inherited bone marrow failure syndromes,” “hematological neoplasms,” “gene expression regulation, leukemic,” “RUNX1 protein, human,” “RUNX1 protein, mouse,” and “Neutropenia, Severe Congenital, Autosomal recessive.” Three studies published in 2020 were identified as meeting our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Leukemic progression in severe congenital neutropenia was used as a disease model to evaluate the clinical, molecular, and mechanistic basis of RUNX1 mutations identified in hematological malignancies. Studies in mice and genetically reprogrammed or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have shown that isolated RUNX1 mutations are weakly leukemogenic and only initiate hyperproduction of immature hematopoietic cells when in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor (GCSF3R) mutations. Despite this, whole-exome sequencing (WES) performed on leukemogenic transformed cells revealed that all AML cells had an additional mutation in the CXXC finger protein 4 (CXXC4) gene that caused hyperproduction of the ten-eleven translocation (TET2) protein. This protein causes inflammation in cells with RUNX1 mutations. This process is thought to be critical for clonal myeloid malignant transformation (CMMT) of leukemogenic cells. In conclusion, the combinations of GCSF3R and RUNX1 mutations have a prominent effect on myeloid differentiation resulting in the hyperproduction of myeloblasts. In other studies, it has been noted that the mutations in GCSF3R and RUNX1 genes are not sufficient for the full transformation of leukemogenic cells to AML, and an additional clonal mutation in the CXXC4 gene is essential for full transformation to occur. These data have implicitly demonstrated that RUNX1 mutations are critical in the pathogenesis of various hematological malignancies, and further investigations into the role of RUNX1 are paramount for the development of new cancer treatments.
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Clinical, Morphological and Clonal Progression of VEXAS Syndrome in the Context of Myelodysplasia Treated with Azacytidine. Clin Hematol Int 2022; 4:52-55. [PMID: 35950209 PMCID: PMC9358783 DOI: 10.1007/s44228-022-00002-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Gargallo P, Molero M, Bilbao C, Stuckey R, Carrillo-Cruz E, Hermosín L, Pérez-López O, Jiménez-Velasco A, Soria E, Lázaro M, Carbonell P, Yáñez Y, Gómez I, Izquierdo-García M, Valero-García J, Ruiz C, Such E, Calabria I. Next-Generation DNA Sequencing-Based Gene Panel for Diagnosis and Genetic Risk Stratification in Onco-Hematology. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081986. [PMID: 35454892 PMCID: PMC9030630 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A suitable diagnostic classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemias requires testing for a large number of molecular biomarkers. Next-generation sequencing is a technology able to integrate identification of the vast majority of them in a single test. This manuscript includes the design, analytical validation and clinical feasibility evaluation of a molecular diagnostic kit for onco-hematological diseases. It is based on sequencing of the coding regions of 76 genes (seeking single-nucleotide variants, small insertions or deletions and CNVs), as well as the search for fusions in 27 target genes. The kit has also been designed to detect large CNVs throughout the genome by including specific probes and employing a custom bioinformatics approach. The analytical and clinical feasibility validation of the Haematology OncoKitDx panel has been carried out from the sequencing of 170 patient samples from 6 hospitals (in addition to the use of commercial reference samples). The analytical validation showed sensitivity and specificity close to 100% for all the parameters evaluated, with a detection limit of 2% for SNVs and SVs, and 20% for CNVs. Clinically relevant mutations were detected in 94% of all patients. An analysis of the correlation between the genetic risk classification of AML (according to ELN 2017) established by the hospitals and that obtained by the Haematology OncoKitDx panel showed an almost perfect correlation (K = 0.94). Among the AML samples with a molecular diagnosis, established by the centers according to the WHO, the Haematology OncoKitDx analysis showed the same result in 97% of them. The panel was able to adequately differentiate between MPN subtypes and also detected alterations that modified the diagnosis (FIP1L1-PDGFRA). Likewise, the cytogenetic risk derived from the CNV plot generated by the NGS panel correlated substantially with the results of the conventional karyotype (K = 0.71) among MDS samples. In addition, the panel detected the main biomarkers of prognostic value among patients with ALL. This validated solution enables a reliable analysis of a large number of molecular biomarkers from a DNA sample in a single assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Gargallo
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-212-340 (ext. 3333)
| | - Merche Molero
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Cristina Bilbao
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Ruth Stuckey
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (C.B.); (R.S.)
| | - Estrella Carrillo-Cruz
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (E.C.-C.); (E.S.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIS/CSIC/CIBERONC), Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hermosín
- Hematology Department, Hospital de Jerez, Carr Madrid-Cádiz, 11407 Jerez de la Frontera, Spain;
| | - Olga Pérez-López
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, 41009 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Antonio Jiménez-Velasco
- Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, IBIMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Elena Soria
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain; (E.C.-C.); (E.S.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIS/CSIC/CIBERONC), Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marián Lázaro
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Paula Carbonell
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Yania Yáñez
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Iria Gómez
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Marta Izquierdo-García
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Jennifer Valero-García
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Carlos Ruiz
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
| | - Esperanza Such
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Hematology Research Group, Department of Medicine, La Fe Health Research Institute, University of Valencia, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Inés Calabria
- Health In Code Group, Oncology Department, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (M.M.); (M.L.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (I.G.); (M.I.-G.); (J.V.-G.); (C.R.); (I.C.)
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Xing T, Lyu ZS, Duan CW, Zhao HY, Tang SQ, Wen Q, Zhang YY, Lv M, Wang Y, Xu LP, Zhang XH, Huang XJ, Kong Y. Dysfunctional bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells are involved in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. J Transl Med 2022; 20:144. [PMID: 35351133 PMCID: PMC8962499 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of heterogeneous myeloid clonal disorders characterized by ineffective haematopoiesis and immune deregulation. Emerging evidence has shown the effect of bone marrow (BM) endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in regulating haematopoiesis and immune balance. However, the number and functions of BM EPCs in patients with different stages of MDS remain largely unknown. Methods Patients with MDS (N = 30), de novo acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) (N = 15), and healthy donors (HDs) (N = 15) were enrolled. MDS patients were divided into lower-risk MDS (N = 15) and higher-risk MDS (N = 15) groups according to the dichotomization of the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System. Flow cytometry was performed to analyse the number of BM EPCs. Tube formation and migration assays were performed to evaluate the functions of BM EPCs. In order to assess the gene expression profiles of BM EPCs, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed. BM EPC supporting abilities of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), leukaemia cells and T cells were assessed by in vitro coculture experiments. Results Increased but dysfunctional BM EPCs were found in MDS patients compared with HDs, especially in patients with higher-risk MDS. RNA-seq indicated the progressive change and differences of haematopoiesis- and immune-related pathways and genes in MDS BM EPCs. In vitro coculture experiments verified that BM EPCs from HDs, lower-risk MDS, and higher-risk MDS to AML exhibited a progressively decreased ability to support HSCs, manifested as elevated apoptosis rates and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and decreased colony-forming unit plating efficiencies of HSCs. Moreover, BM EPCs from higher-risk MDS patients demonstrated an increased ability to support leukaemia cells, characterized by increased proliferation, leukaemia colony-forming unit plating efficiencies, decreased apoptosis rates and apoptosis-related genes. Furthermore, BM EPCs induced T cell differentiation towards more immune-tolerant cells in higher-risk MDS patients in vitro. In addition, the levels of intracellular ROS and the apoptosis ratios were increased in BM EPCs from MDS patients, especially in higher-risk MDS patients, which may be therapeutic candidates for MDS patients. Conclusion Our results suggest that dysfunctional BM EPCs are involved in MDS patients, which indicates that improving haematopoiesis supporting ability and immuneregulation ability of BM EPCs may represent a promising therapeutic approach for MDS patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03354-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xing
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Shi Lyu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Cai-Wen Duan
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health and Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Qian Tang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wen
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lv
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Ping Xu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Kong
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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TP53 Expression and Mutational Analysis in Hematological Malignancy in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030724. [PMID: 35328276 PMCID: PMC8946951 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumor protein 53 (TP53) is a tumor-suppressor gene and plays an essential role in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, genomic stability, and DNA repair. Although it is the most often mutated gene in human cancer, it has respectively low frequency in hematological malignancy but is significantly linked with complex karyotype, poor prognosis, and chemotherapeutic response. Nevertheless, the prevalence and prognostic role of TP53 mutations in hematological malignancy in Saudi patients are not well reported. We, therefore, aim to assess the frequency of TP53 mutations in hematological malignancies in Saudi Arabia. Method: 20 different hematological malignancy samples were tested using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique for TP53 deletion detection and next-generation sequencing (NGS) targeted panel was applied on 10 samples for mutations identification specifically TP53 mutation. Results: TP53 deletion was detected in 6 of 20 samples by FISH. Most of the 6 patients with TP53 deletion had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and majority of them were child. NGS result revealed one heterozygous missense mutation in exon 5 of the TP53 gene (c. G9963A, p.H175R). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, the TP53 mutation is novel variant, and the first time we are reporting their association with myelodysplastic syndromic individual with complex karyotype. This study recommends further analysis of genomic mutations on bigger cohorts, utilizing high throughput technologies.
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[The prognostic significance of pretransplantation evaluation of IPSS-R and WPSS in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2022; 43:247-254. [PMID: 35405784 PMCID: PMC9072064 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of the revised international prognostic scoring system (IPSS-R) and the WHO prognostic scoring system (WPSS) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: The clinical data of 184 patients with MDS who received allo-HSCT from July 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. IPSS-R and WPSS were performed at diagnosis and before transplantation. The prognostic values of IPSS-R and WPSS and potential risk factors were explored. Results: With a median follow-up of 21.9 (0.5-47.5) months, the two-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were (75.1±3.4)% and (71.6±3.6)% , respectively. The two-year cumulative relapse rate and nonrelapse mortality rate were (11.9±0.1)% and (16.5±0.1)% , respectively. There were no significant differences in OS and PFS between the IPSS-R ≤3.5 and >3.5 groups at diagnosis (P=0.409; P=0.724). No significant differences in OS and PFS between the WPSS ≤2 and >2 groups (P=0.426; P=0.726) were observed as well. When the patients were reevaluated before transplantation, the OS and PFS of the IPSS-R ≤3.5 group were significantly better than >3.5 group [OS: (88.6±4.1)% vs (65.8±5.3)% , P=0.003; PFS: (87.6±4.2)% vs (60.5±5.8)% , P=0.002]. However, there were no significant differences in OS and PFS among the WPSS ≤2 and >2 groups (P=0.584; P=0.565). In addition, the OS and PFS of the improved group based on IPSS-R were significantly better than those of the unimproved group before transplantation [OS: (83.8±4.6)% vs (69.3±5.8)% , P=0.027; PFS: (82.8±4.4)% vs. (64.0±7.2)% , P=0.006]. Multivariate analysis indicated that a pretransplant IPSS-R of >3.5 (P=0.021, HR=2.510, 95% CI 1.151-5.476) and TP53 mutation (P=0.047, HR=2.460, 95% CI 1.014-5.971) were independent risk factors for OS, whereas a pretransplant IPSS-R of >3.5 (P=0.017, HR=2.457, 95% CI 1.175-5.141) and pretransplant cytogenetic poor and very poor (P=0.008, HR=2.765, 95% CI 1.305-5.856) were independent risk factors for PFS. Conclusion: A pretransplantation evaluation of IPSS-R could help determine the prognosis of patients with MDS undergoing allo-HSCT. In addition, patients with improved IPSS-R scores before undergoing allo-HSCT had a better prognosis.
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Lynch OF, Calvi LM. Immune Dysfunction, Cytokine Disruption, and Stromal Changes in Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A Review. Cells 2022; 11:580. [PMID: 35159389 PMCID: PMC8834462 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are myeloid neoplasms characterized by bone marrow dysfunction and increased risk of transformation to leukemia. MDS represent complex and diverse diseases that evolve from malignant hematopoietic stem cells and involve not only the proliferation of malignant cells but also the dysfunction of normal bone marrow. Specifically, the marrow microenvironment-both hematopoietic and stromal components-is disrupted in MDS. While microenvironmental disruption has been described in human MDS and murine models of the disease, only a few current treatments target the microenvironment, including the immune system. In this review, we will examine current evidence supporting three key interdependent pillars of microenvironmental alteration in MDS-immune dysfunction, cytokine skewing, and stromal changes. Understanding the molecular changes seen in these diseases has been, and will continue to be, foundational to developing effective novel treatments that prevent disease progression and transformation to leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia F. Lynch
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
| | - Laura M. Calvi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Decreased serum apolipoprotein A1 level predicts poor prognosis of patients with de novo myelodysplastic syndromes. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:127. [PMID: 35100989 PMCID: PMC8805344 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is a group of heterogeneous myeloid clonal diseases originating from hematopoietic stem cells. It has been demonstrated that apolipoproteins A1(ApoA1) are associated with disease risk in many cancer types. However, there still lacks evidence regarding the link between ApoA1 and MDS. This study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of pretreatment ApoA1 levels in MDS patients. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 228 MDS patients to explore the prognostic value of the serum ApoA1 levels at diagnosis. Patients were divided into the high ApoA1 group and the low ApoA1 group. The prognostic significance was determined by univariate and multivariate Cox hazard models. RESULTS MDS patients with low ApoA1 levels had significantly shorter overall survival (OS, P < 0.0001) along with a higher frequency of TP53 mutation (P = 0.002). Based on univariate analysis, age (≥ 60 years), gender (male), lower levels of hemoglobin (< 10 g/dl), HDL (≤0.91 mmol/L), higher bone marrow blast percentage (> 5%), higher IPSS-R scores and poorer karyotype were significantly associated with decreased OS. However, low ApoA1 level did not influence leukemia-free survival (LFS, P = 0.367). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that low ApoA1 level (≤ 1.02 g/L) was also an independent adverse prognostic factor for OS in MDS (P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Decreased ApoA1 level predicts a poor prognosis of MDS patients and thus provides a novel evaluation factor for them that is independent of the IPSS-R system.
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Brings C, Fröbel J, Cadeddu P, Germing U, Haas R, Gattermann N. Impaired formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in patients with MDS. Blood Adv 2022; 6:129-137. [PMID: 34653237 PMCID: PMC8753191 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular fibers primarily composed of DNA and histone proteins, which bind pathogens. We investigated NET formation in 12 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 15 age-adjusted normal controls after stimulation with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Histones and neutrophil elastase were visualized by immunostaining. Since NET formation is triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly produced by reduced NADP-oxidase and myeloperoxidase (MPO), ROS were analyzed by flow cytometry using hydroethidine, 3'-(p-aminophenyl) fluorescein, and 3'-(hydroxyphenyl) fluorescein. On fluorescence microscopy, PMA-stimulated MDS neutrophils generated fewer NETs than controls (stimulated increase from 17% to 67% vs 17% to 85%) (P = .02) and showed less cellular swelling (P = .04). The decrease in mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, indicating chromatin decondensation, was significantly less in MDS neutrophils than controls (ΔMFI 3467 vs ΔMFI 4687, P = .03). In addition, the decrease in MFI for fluorescein isothiocyanate, indicating release of neutrophil elastase from cytoplasmic granules, was diminished in patients with MDS (P = .00002). On flow cytometry, less cell swelling after PMA (P = .02) and a smaller decrease in granularity after H2O2 stimulation (P = .002) were confirmed. PMA-stimulated ROS production and oxidative burst activity did not reveal significant differences between MDS and controls. However, inhibition of MPO activity was more easily achieved in patients with MDS (P = .01), corroborating the notion of a partial MPO defect. We conclude that NET formation is significantly impaired in MDS neutrophils. Although we found abnormalities of MPO-dependent generation of hypochloride, impaired ROS production may not be the only cause of deficient NETosis in MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Brings
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Fröbel
- Department of Immunology, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany; and
| | - Patrick Cadeddu
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Gattermann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Sumiyoshi R, Tashiro H, Shirasaki R, Matsuo T, Yamamoto T, Matsumoto K, Ooi J, Shirafuji N. The FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutation at disease diagnosis is a negative prognostic factor in myelodysplastic syndrome patients. Leuk Res 2022; 113:106790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Evidence-Based Minireview: Molecular precision and clinical uncertainty: should molecular profiling be routinely used to guide risk stratification in MDS? Hematology 2021; 2021:435-438. [DOI: 10.1182/hematology.2021000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This is a focused clinical vignette and review of the literature in MDS to discuss the application of molecular sequencing for risk stratification in MDS. The authors utilize an exemplar patient case and explain the advantages and disadvantages, based on available data, of routine use of this testing for MDS patients.
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Hanbazazh M, Harada S, Reddy V, Mackinnon AC, Harbi D, Morlote D. The Interpretation of Sequence Variants in Myeloid Neoplasms. Am J Clin Pathol 2021; 156:728-748. [PMID: 34155503 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To provide an overview of the challenges encountered during the interpretation of sequence variants detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in myeloid neoplasms, as well as the limitations of the technology with the goal of preventing the over- or undercalling of alterations that may have a significant effect on patient management. METHODS Review of the peer-reviewed literature on the interpretation, reporting, and technical challenges of NGS assays for myeloid neoplasms. RESULTS NGS has been integrated widely and rapidly into the standard evaluating of myeloid neoplasms. Review of the literature reveals that myeloid sequence variants are challenging to detect and interpret. Large insertions and guanine-cytosine-heavy areas prove technically challenging while frameshift and truncating alterations may be classified as variants of uncertain significance by tertiary analysis informatics pipelines due to their absence in the literature and databases. CONCLUSIONS The analysis and interpretation of NGS results in myeloid neoplasia are challenging due to the varied number of detectable gene alterations. Familiarity with the genomic landscape of myeloid malignancies and knowledge of the tools available for the interpretation of sequence variants are essential to facilitate translation into clinical and therapy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehenaz Hanbazazh
- Department of Pathology, Division of Genomic Diagnostics and Bioinformatics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Shuko Harada
- Department of Pathology, Division of Genomic Diagnostics and Bioinformatics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vishnu Reddy
- Department of Pathology, Division of Genomic Diagnostics and Bioinformatics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alexander Craig Mackinnon
- Department of Pathology, Division of Genomic Diagnostics and Bioinformatics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Djamel Harbi
- Department of Pathology, Division of Genomic Diagnostics and Bioinformatics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Diana Morlote
- Department of Pathology, Division of Genomic Diagnostics and Bioinformatics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Pillai RK, Afkhami M. Advances in Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Cancer Treat Res 2021; 181:1-16. [PMID: 34626352 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78311-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Advances in high-throughput DNA sequencing technology in the past decade have made a tremendous impact on basic science and clinical practice. Methods using the latest next generation sequencing technology can sequence an entire human genome within a few hours. Diagnosis and prognostication of hematologic neoplasms have moved from traditional histology and immunophenotyping to integration of cytogenetic and genomic alterations. Using illustrative cases, this chapter provides an overview of the utility of using genomic data for prognostication as well as treatment decision-making for patients with bone marrow neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju K Pillai
- City of Hope Medical Center, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
| | - Michelle Afkhami
- City of Hope Medical Center, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
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The journey of a thousand miles begins with 1 step. Blood 2021; 138:824-826. [PMID: 34499156 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Martín-Izquierdo M, Abáigar M, Hernández-Sánchez JM, Tamborero D, López-Cadenas F, Ramos F, Lumbreras E, Madinaveitia-Ochoa A, Megido M, Labrador J, Sánchez-Real J, Olivier C, Dávila J, Aguilar C, Rodríguez JN, Martín-Nuñez G, Santos-Mínguez S, Miguel-García C, Benito R, Díez-Campelo M, Hernández-Rivas JM. Co-occurrence of cohesin complex and Ras signaling mutations during progression from myelodysplastic syndromes to secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2021; 106:2215-2223. [PMID: 32675227 PMCID: PMC8327724 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.248807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are hematological disorders at high risk of progression to secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). However, the mutational dynamics and clonal evolution underlying disease progression are poorly understood at present. To elucidate the mutational dynamics of pathways and genes occurring during the evolution to sAML, next generation sequencing was performed on 84 serially paired samples of MDS patients who developed sAML (discovery cohort) and 14 paired samples from MDS patients who did not progress to sAML during follow-up (control cohort). Results were validated in an independent series of 388 MDS patients (validation cohort). We used an integrative analysis to identify how mutations, alone or in combination, contribute to leukemic transformation. The study showed that MDS progression to sAML is characterized by greater genomic instability and the presence of several types of mutational dynamics, highlighting increasing (STAG2) and newly-acquired (NRAS and FLT3) mutations. Moreover, we observed cooperation between genes involved in the cohesin and Ras pathways in 15-20% of MDS patients who evolved to sAML, as well as a high proportion of newly acquired or increasing mutations in the chromatin-modifier genes in MDS patients receiving a disease-modifying therapy before their progression to sAML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martín-Izquierdo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Cancer Research Center-University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Abáigar
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Cancer Research Center-University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesús M Hernández-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Cancer Research Center-University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - David Tamborero
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Félix López-Cadenas
- University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Hematology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fernando Ramos
- Hematology, Hospital Universitario de León, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Spain
| | - Eva Lumbreras
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Cancer Research Center-University of Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Marta Megido
- Hematology, Hospital del Bierzo, Ponferrada, León, Spain
| | - Jorge Labrador
- Hematology, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez-Real
- Hematology, Hospital Universitario de León, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Spain
| | | | - Julio Dávila
- Hematology, Hospital Nuestra Señora de Sónsoles, Ávila, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Santos-Mínguez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Cancer Research Center-University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Miguel-García
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Cancer Research Center-University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rocío Benito
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Cancer Research Center-University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Díez-Campelo
- University of Salamanca, IBSAL, Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesús M Hernández-Rivas
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Cancer Research Center-University of Salamanca, Spain
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Single-cell transcriptomics dissects hematopoietic cell destruction and T-cell engagement in aplastic anemia. Blood 2021; 138:23-33. [PMID: 33763704 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disorder of the hematopoietic system manifested by severe depletion of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Nonetheless, our understanding of the complex relationship between HSPCs and T cells is still obscure, mainly limited by techniques and the sparsity of HSPCs in the context of bone marrow failure. Here we performed single-cell transcriptome analysis of residual HSPCs and T cells to identify the molecular players from patients with AA. We observed that residual HSPCs in AA exhibited lineage-specific alterations in gene expression and transcriptional regulatory networks, indicating a selective disruption of distinct lineage-committed progenitor pools. In particular, HSPCs displayed frequently altered alternative splicing events and skewed patterns of polyadenylation in transcripts related to DNA damage and repair, suggesting a likely role in AA progression to myelodysplastic syndromes. We further identified cell type-specific ligand-receptor interactions as potential mediators for ongoing HSPCs destruction by T cells. By tracking patients after immunosuppressive therapy (IST), we showed that hematopoiesis remission was incomplete accompanied by IST insensitive interactions between HSPCs and T cells as well as sustained abnormal transcription state. These data collectively constitute the transcriptomic landscape of disrupted hematopoiesis in AA at single-cell resolution, providing new insights into the molecular interactions of engaged T cells with residual HSPCs and render novel therapeutic opportunities for AA.
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Chiereghin C, Travaglino E, Zampini M, Saba E, Saitta C, Riva E, Bersanelli M, Della Porta MG. The Genetics of Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Clinical Relevance. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081144. [PMID: 34440317 PMCID: PMC8392119 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a clonal disease arising from hematopoietic stem cells, that are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis (leading to peripheral blood cytopenia) and by an increased risk of evolution into acute myeloid leukemia. MDS are driven by a complex combination of genetic mutations that results in heterogeneous clinical phenotype and outcome. Genetic studies have enabled the identification of a set of recurrently mutated genes which are central to the pathogenesis of MDS and can be organized into a limited number of cellular pathways, including RNA splicing (SF3B1, SRSF2, ZRSR2, U2AF1 genes), DNA methylation (TET2, DNMT3A, IDH1/2), transcription regulation (RUNX1), signal transduction (CBL, RAS), DNA repair (TP53), chromatin modification (ASXL1, EZH2), and cohesin complex (STAG2). Few genes are consistently mutated in >10% of patients, whereas a long tail of 40-50 genes are mutated in <5% of cases. At diagnosis, the majority of MDS patients have 2-4 driver mutations and hundreds of background mutations. Reliable genotype/phenotype relationships were described in MDS: SF3B1 mutations are associated with the presence of ring sideroblasts and more recent studies indicate that other splicing mutations (SRSF2, U2AF1) may identify distinct disease categories with specific hematological features. Moreover, gene mutations have been shown to influence the probability of survival and risk of disease progression and mutational status may add significant information to currently available prognostic tools. For instance, SF3B1 mutations are predictors of favourable prognosis, while driver mutations of other genes (such as ASXL1, SRSF2, RUNX1, TP53) are associated with a reduced probability of survival and increased risk of disease progression. In this article, we review the most recent advances in our understanding of the genetic basis of myelodysplastic syndromes and discuss its clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Chiereghin
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.C.); (E.T.); (M.Z.); (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Erica Travaglino
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.C.); (E.T.); (M.Z.); (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Matteo Zampini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.C.); (E.T.); (M.Z.); (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Elena Saba
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.C.); (E.T.); (M.Z.); (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Claudia Saitta
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.C.); (E.T.); (M.Z.); (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Elena Riva
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.C.); (E.T.); (M.Z.); (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Matteo Bersanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
| | - Matteo Giovanni Della Porta
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.C.); (E.T.); (M.Z.); (E.S.); (C.S.); (E.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0282247668
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Kataoka N, Matsumoto E, Masaki S. Mechanistic Insights of Aberrant Splicing with Splicing Factor Mutations Found in Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157789. [PMID: 34360561 PMCID: PMC8346168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing is an essential process for gene expression in higher eukaryotes, which requires a high order of accuracy. Mutations in splicing factors or regulatory elements in pre-mRNAs often result in many human diseases. Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of chronic myeloid neoplasms characterized by many symptoms and a high risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Recent findings indicate that mutations in splicing factors represent a novel class of driver mutations in human cancers and affect about 50% of Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. Somatic mutations in MDS patients are frequently found in genes SF3B1, SRSF2, U2AF1, and ZRSR2. Interestingly, they are involved in the recognition of 3' splice sites and exons. It has been reported that mutations in these splicing regulators result in aberrant splicing of many genes. In this review article, we first describe molecular mechanism of pre-mRNA splicing as an introduction and mainly focus on those four splicing factors to describe their mutations and their associated aberrant splicing patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kataoka
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5841-5372; Fax: +81-3-5841-8014
| | - Eri Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Cellular Biochemistry, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | - So Masaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicinal Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan;
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Osman A, Patel JL. Diagnostic Challenge and Clinical Dilemma: The Long Reach of Clonal Hematopoiesis. Clin Chem 2021; 67:1062-1070. [PMID: 34263288 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Widespread application of massively parallel sequencing has resulted in recognition of clonal hematopoiesis in various clinical settings and on a relatively frequent basis. Somatic mutations occur in individuals with normal blood counts, and increase in frequency with age. The genes affected are the same genes that are commonly mutated in overt myeloid malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This phenomenon is referred to as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). CONTENT In this review, we explore the diagnostic and clinical implications of clonal hematopoiesis. In addition to CHIP, clonal hematopoiesis may be seen in patients with cytopenia who do not otherwise meet criteria for hematologic malignancy, a condition referred to as clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS). Distinguishing CHIP and CCUS from overt myeloid neoplasm is a challenge to diagnosticians due to the overlapping mutational landscape observed in these conditions. We describe helpful laboratory and clinical features in making this distinction. CHIP confers a risk of progression to overt hematologic malignancy similar to other premalignant states. CHIP is also associated with a proinflammatory state with multisystem implications and increased mortality risk due to cardiovascular events. The current approach to follow up and management of patients with clonal hematopoiesis is described. SUMMARY Nuanced understanding of clonal hematopoiesis is essential for diagnosis and clinical management of patients with hematologic conditions. Further data are needed to more accurately predict the natural history and guide management of these patients with respect to both malignant progression as well as nonhematologic sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf Osman
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, University of Utah, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jay L Patel
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah and ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, UT
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Clinical relevance of clonal hematopoiesis in the oldest-old population. Blood 2021; 138:2093-2105. [PMID: 34125889 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is associated with increased risk of cancers and inflammation-related diseases. This phenomenon becomes very common in oldest-old individuals, in whom the implications of CHIP are not well defined. We performed a mutational screening in 1794 oldest-old individuals enrolled in two population-based studies and investigate the relationships between CHIP and associated pathologies. Clonal mutations were observed in one third of oldest-old individuals and were associated with reduced survival. Mutations in JAK2 and splicing genes, multiple mutations (DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1 with additional genetic lesions) and variant allele frequency ≥0.096 had positive predictive value for myeloid neoplasms. Combining mutation profiles with abnormalities in red blood cell indices improved the ability of myeloid neoplasm prediction. On this basis, we defined a predictive model that identifies 3 risk groups with different probabilities of developing myeloid neoplasms. Mutations in DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1 or JAK2 (most occurring as single lesion) were associated with coronary heart disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Cytopenia was a common finding in oldest-old population, the underlying cause remaining unexplained in 30% of cases. Among individuals with unexplained cytopenia, the presence of highly-specific mutation patterns was associated with myelodysplastic-like phenotype and a probability of survival comparable to that of myeloid neoplasms. Accordingly, 7.5% of oldest-old subjects with cytopenia had presumptive evidence of myeloid neoplasm. In conclusion, specific mutational patterns define different risk of developing myeloid neoplasms vs. inflammatory-associated diseases in oldest-old population. In individuals with unexplained cytopenia, mutational status may identify those subjects with presumptive evidence of myeloid neoplasms.
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Oligomonocytic and overt chronic myelomonocytic leukemia show similar clinical, genomic, and immunophenotypic features. Blood Adv 2021; 4:5285-5296. [PMID: 33108455 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomonocytic chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (OM-CMML) is defined as those myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) or myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms, unclassifiable with relative monocytosis (≥10% monocytes) and a monocyte count of 0.5 to <1 × 109/L. These patients show clinical and genomic features similar to those of overt chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), although most of them are currently categorized as MDS, according to the World Health Organization 2017 classification. We analyzed the clinicopathologic features of 40 patients with OM-CMML with well-annotated immunophenotypic and molecular data and compared them to those of 56 patients with overt CMML. We found similar clinical, morphological, and cytogenetic features. In addition, OM-CMML mirrored the well-known complex molecular profile of CMML, except for the presence of a lower percentage of RAS pathway mutations. In this regard, of the different genes assessed, only CBL was found to be mutated at a significantly lower frequency. Likewise, the OM-CMML immunophenotypic profile, assessed by the presence of >94% classical monocytes (MO1s) and CD56 and/or CD2 positivity in peripheral blood monocytes, was similar to overt CMML. The MO1 percentage >94% method showed high accuracy for predicting CMML diagnosis (sensitivity, 90.7%; specificity, 92.2%), even when considering OM-CMML as a subtype of CMML (sensitivity, 84.9%; specificity, 92.1%) in our series of 233 patients (39 OM-CMML, 54 CMML, 23 MDS, and 15 myeloproliferative neoplasms with monocytosis and 102 reactive monocytosis). These results support the consideration of OM-CMML as a distinctive subtype of CMML.
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