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Nakahata M, Sumiya A, Ikemoto Y, Nakamura T, Dudin A, Schwieger J, Yamamoto A, Sakai S, Kaufmann S, Tanaka M. Hyperconfined bio-inspired Polymers in Integrative Flow-Through Systems for Highly Selective Removal of Heavy Metal Ions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5824. [PMID: 38992009 PMCID: PMC11239941 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Access to clean water, hygiene, and sanitation is becoming an increasingly pressing global demand, particularly owing to rapid population growth and urbanization. Phytoremediation utilizes a highly conserved phytochelatin in plants, which captures hazardous heavy metal ions from aquatic environments and sequesters them in vacuoles. Herein, we report the design of phytochelatin-inspired copolymers containing carboxylate and thiolate moieties. Titration calorimetry results indicate that the coexistence of both moieties is essential for the excellent Cd2+ ion-capturing capacity of the copolymers. The obtained dissociation constant, KD ~ 1 nM for Cd2+ ion, is four-to-five orders of magnitude higher than that for peptides mimicking the sequence of endogenous phytochelatin. Furthermore, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy results unravel the mechanism underlying complex formation at the molecular level. The grafting of 0.1 g bio-inspired copolymers onto silica microparticles and cellulose membranes helps concentrate the copolymer-coated microparticles in ≈3 mL volume to remove Cd2+ ions from 0.3 L of water within 1 h to the drinking water level (<0.03 µM). The obtained results suggest that hyperconfinement of bio-inspired polymers in flow-through systems can be applied for the highly selective removal of harmful contaminants from the environmental water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nakahata
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Ai Sumiya
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yuka Ikemoto
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) SPring-8, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakamura
- Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences and Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Anastasia Dudin
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Julius Schwieger
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Akihisa Yamamoto
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shinji Sakai
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Stefan Kaufmann
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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2
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Linke P, Munding N, Kimmle E, Kaufmann S, Hayashi K, Nakahata M, Takashima Y, Sano M, Bastmeyer M, Holstein T, Dietrich S, Müller-Tidow C, Harada A, Ho AD, Tanaka M. Reversible Host-Guest Crosslinks in Supramolecular Hydrogels for On-Demand Mechanical Stimulation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302607. [PMID: 38118064 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are regulated not only by biochemical signals but also by biophysical properties of extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM is constantly monitored and remodeled because the fate of stem cells can be misdirected when the mechanical interaction between cells and ECM is imbalanced. A well-defined ECM model for bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) based on supramolecular hydrogels containing reversible host-guest crosslinks is fabricated. The stiffness (Young's modulus E) of the hydrogels can be switched reversibly by altering the concentration of non-cytotoxic, free guest molecules dissolved in the culture medium. Fine-adjustment of substrate stiffness enables the authors to determine the critical stiffness level E* at which hMSCs turn the mechano-sensory machinery on or off. Next, the substrate stiffness across E* is switched and the dynamic adaptation characteristics such as morphology, traction force, and YAP/TAZ signaling of hMSCs are monitored. These data demonstrate the instantaneous switching of traction force, which is followed by YAP/TAZ signaling and morphological adaptation. Periodical switching of the substrate stiffness across E* proves that frequent applications of mechanical stimuli drastically suppress hMSC proliferation. Mechanical stimulation across E* level using dynamic hydrogels is a promising strategy for the on-demand control of hMSC transcription and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Linke
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natalie Munding
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Esther Kimmle
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kaufmann
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kentaro Hayashi
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakahata
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takashima
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Masaki Sano
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Martin Bastmeyer
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Cell and Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing (IBCS-BIP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76334, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Thomas Holstein
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Molecular Genetics and Evolution, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, 69221, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sascha Dietrich
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Haematology, Oncology, and Clinical Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Akira Harada
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit Heidelberg, EMBL and Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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3
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Pal R, Yamazaki A, Komura N, Tanaka HN, Imamura A, Ishida H, Ando H. Convergent synthesis of functionalized derivatives of stage-specific embryonic antigens 3 & 4. Carbohydr Res 2024; 535:108990. [PMID: 38039697 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Stage-specific embryonic antigens (SSEAs) are carbohydrate markers that have diverse roles in embryonic development. However, the exact roles of SSEAs remain unclear. To obtain mechanistic insights into their roles, we aimed to develop functionalized SSEA glycan analogs via chemical synthesis. Herein, we report a convergent synthetic approach for SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 analogs using readily available versatile building blocks. A key step, namely the stereoselective glycosylation of a common tetrasaccharide acceptor, was successfully achieved using a 4-O-Bn Gal donor for SSEA-3 and a Neu-Gal donor for SSEA-4, which were previously developed by our group. The obtained SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 glycans were further functionalized with biotin and deuterated lipid for applications in biological studies. Thus, the findings of this study will facilitate further research on SSEAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pal
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ayano Yamazaki
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Hide-Nori Tanaka
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Akihiro Imamura
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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4
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Roessner R, Michelarakis N, Gräter F, Aponte-Santamaría C. Mechanical forces control the valency of the malaria adhesin VAR2CSA by exposing cryptic glycan binding sites. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011726. [PMID: 38117828 PMCID: PMC10786402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is responsible for the most lethal form of malaria. VAR2CSA is an adhesin protein expressed by this parasite at the membrane of infected erythrocytes for attachment to the placenta, leading to pregnancy-associated malaria. VAR2CSA is a large 355 kDa multidomain protein composed of nine extracellular domains, a transmembrane helix, and an intracellular domain. VAR2CSA binds to Chondroitin Sulphate A (CSA) of the proteoglycan matrix of the placenta. Shear flow, as the one occurring in blood, has been shown to enhance the (VAR2CSA-mediated) adhesion of Pf-infected erythrocytes on the CSA-matrix. However, the underlying molecular mechanism governing this enhancement has remained elusive. Here, we address this question by using equilibrium, force-probe, and docking-based molecular dynamics simulations. We subjected the VAR2CSA protein-CSA sugar complex to a force mimicking the tensile force exerted on this system due to the shear of the flowing blood. We show that upon this force exertion, VAR2CSA undergoes a large opening conformational transition before the CSA sugar chain dissociates from its main binding site. This preferential order of events is caused by the orientation of the molecule during elongation, as well as the strong electrostatic attraction of the sugar to the main protein binding site. Upon opening, two additional cryptic CSA binding sites get exposed and a functional dodecameric CSA molecule can be stably accommodated at these force-exposed positions. Thus, our results suggest that mechanical forces increase the avidity of VAR2CSA by turning it from a monovalent to a multivalent state. We propose this to be the molecular cause of the observed shear-enhanced adherence. Mechanical control of the valency of VAR2CSA is an intriguing hypothesis that can be tested experimentally and which is of relevance for the understanding of the malaria infection and for the development of anti placental-malaria vaccines targeting VAR2CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Roessner
- Molecular Biomechanics Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicholas Michelarakis
- Molecular Biomechanics Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frauke Gräter
- Molecular Biomechanics Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Goreke U, Iram S, Singh G, Domínguez-Medina S, Man Y, Bode A, An R, Little JA, Wirth CL, Hinczewski M, Gurkan UA. Catch bonds in sickle cell disease: Shear-enhanced adhesion of red blood cells to laminin. Biophys J 2023; 122:2564-2576. [PMID: 37177783 PMCID: PMC10323024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Could the phenomenon of catch bonding-force-strengthened cellular adhesion-play a role in sickle cell disease, where abnormal red blood cell (RBC) adhesion obstructs blood flow? Here, we investigate the dynamics of sickle RBCs adhering to a surface functionalized with the protein laminin (a component of the extracellular matrix around blood vessels) under physiologically relevant microscale flow. First, using total internal reflectance microscopy we characterize the spatial fluctuations of the RBC membrane above the laminin surface before detachment. The complex dynamics we observe suggest the possibility of catch bonding, where the mean detachment time of the cell from the surface initially increases to a maximum and then decreases as a function of shear force. We next conduct a series of shear-induced detachment experiments on blood samples from 25 sickle cell disease patients, quantifying the number and duration of adhered cells under both sudden force jumps and linear force ramps. The experiments reveal that a subset of patients does indeed exhibit catch bonding. By fitting the data to a theoretical model of the bond dynamics, we can extract the mean bond lifetime versus force for each patient. The results show a striking heterogeneity among patients, both in terms of the qualitative behavior (whether or not there is catch bonding) and in the magnitudes of the lifetimes. Patients with large bond lifetimes at physiological forces are more likely to have certain adverse clinical features, like a diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension and intracardiac shunts. By introducing an in vitro platform for fully characterizing RBC-laminin adhesion dynamics, our approach could contribute to the development of patient-specific antiadhesive therapies for sickle cell disease. The experimental setup is also easily generalizable to studying adhesion dynamics in other cell types, for example, leukocytes or cancer cells, and can incorporate disease-relevant environmental conditions like oxygen deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utku Goreke
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Shamreen Iram
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gundeep Singh
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sergio Domínguez-Medina
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yuncheng Man
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Allison Bode
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ran An
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jane A Little
- Division of Hematology and Blood Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Christopher L Wirth
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael Hinczewski
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Umut A Gurkan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
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6
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Tanaka M, Thoma J, Poisa-Beiro L, Wuchter P, Eckstein V, Dietrich S, Pabst C, Müller-Tidow C, Ohta T, Ho AD. Physical biomarkers for human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Cells Dev 2023; 174:203845. [PMID: 37116713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2023.203845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to the bone marrow niche plays critical roles in the maintenance of the most primitive HSPCs. The interactions of HSPC-niche interactions are clinically relevant in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), because (i) leukemia-initiating cells adhered to the marrow niche are protected from the cytotoxic effect by chemotherapy and (ii) mobilization of HSPCs from healthy donors' bone marrow is crucial for the effective stem cell transplantation. However, although many clinical agents have been developed for the HSPC mobilization, the effects caused by the extrinsic molecular cues were traditionally evaluated based on phenomenological observations. This review highlights the recent interdisciplinary challenges of hematologists, biophysicists and cell biologists towards the design of defined in vitro niche models and the development of physical biomarkers for quantitative indexing of differential effects of clinical agents on human HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, INF253, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Judith Thoma
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, INF253, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Poisa-Beiro
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, INF410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, INF410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Eckstein
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, INF410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sascha Dietrich
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, INF410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Caroline Pabst
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, INF410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, INF410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Takao Ohta
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan; Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, INF410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit Heidelberg, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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7
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Weissenfeld F, Wesenberg L, Nakahata M, Müller M, Tanaka M. Modulation of wetting of stimulus responsive polymer brushes by lipid vesicles: experiments and simulations. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2491-2504. [PMID: 36942886 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01673g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between vesicle and substrate have been studied by simulation and experiment. We grafted polyacrylic acid brushes containing cysteine side chains at a defined area density on planar lipid membranes. Specular X-ray reflectivity data indicated that the addition of Cd2+ ions induces the compaction of the polymer brush layer and modulates the adhesion of lipid vesicles. Using microinterferometry imaging, we determined the onset level, [CdCl2] = 0.25 mM, at which the wetting of the vesicle emerges. The characteristics of the interactions between vesicle and brush were quantitatively evaluated by the shape of the vesicle near the substrate and height fluctuations of the membrane in contact with brushes. To analyze these experiments, we have systematically studied the shape and adhesion of axially symmetric vesicles for finite-range membrane-substrate interaction, i.e., a relevant experimental characteristic, through simulations. The wetting of vesicles sensitively depends on the interaction range and the approximate estimates of the capillary length change significantly, depending on the adhesion strength. We found, however, that the local transversality condition that relates the maximal curvature at the edge of the adhesion zone to the adhesion strength remains rather accurate even for a finite interaction range as long as the vesicle is large compared to the interaction range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Weissenfeld
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lucia Wesenberg
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Masaki Nakahata
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 560-8531 Osaka, Japan
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 560-8531 Osaka, Japan
| | - Marcus Müller
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Center for Advanced Study, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
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8
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Yamamoto A, Ikarashi T, Fukuma T, Suzuki R, Nakahata M, Miyata K, Tanaka M. Ion-specific nanoscale compaction of cysteine-modified poly(acrylic acid) brushes revealed by 3D scanning force microscopy with frequency modulation detection. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:5027-5036. [PMID: 36504747 PMCID: PMC9680925 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00350c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polyelectrolyte brushes adapt their physico-chemical properties according to pH and ion concentrations of the solution in contact. We synthesized a poly(acrylic acid) bearing cysteine residues at side chains and a lipid head group at the terminal, and incorporated them into a phospholipid monolayer deposited on a hydrophobic silane monolayer. The ion-specific, nanoscale response of polyelectrolyte brushes was detected by using three-dimensional scanning force microscopy (3D-SFM) combined with frequency modulation detection. The obtained topographic and mechanical landscapes indicated that the brushes were uniformly stretched, undergoing a gradual transition from the brush to the bulk electrolyte in the absence of divalent cations. When 1 mM calcium ions were added, the brushes were uniformly compacted, exhibiting a sharper brush-to-bulk transition. Remarkably, the addition of 1 mM cadmium ions made the brush surface significantly rough and the mechanical landscape highly heterogeneous. Currently, cadmium-specific nanoscale compaction of the brushes is attributed to the coordination of thiol and carboxyl side chains with cadmium ions, as suggested for naturally occurring, heavy metal binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Yamamoto
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Takahiko Ikarashi
- Division of Nano Life Science, Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukuma
- Division of Nano Life Science, Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Masaki Nakahata
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University Osaka 560-8531 Japan
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Kazuki Miyata
- Division of Nano Life Science, Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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9
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Tanaka M, Lanzer M. Receptor-Functionalized Lipid Membranes as Biomimetic Surfaces for Adhesion of Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2470:601-613. [PMID: 35881377 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2189-9_45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe a detailed protocol of how to manufacture biomimetic, host receptor-functionalized membranes and how to use them in adhesion assays. Receptor-functionalized membranes have the advantage that the receptor identity and the receptor density can be controlled, which, in turn, enables studies on the kinetics, dynamics and biomechanics of receptor/ligand interactions. Such information is difficult to obtain from currently used in vitro systems, including cultured primary human microvascular endothelial cells or receptor-coated surfaces, which often display either multiple receptors or receptors with uncertain density and arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michael Lanzer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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10
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Spliid CB, Toledo AG, Sanderson P, Mao Y, Gatto F, Gustavsson T, Choudhary S, Saldanha AL, Vogelsang RP, Gögenur I, Theander TG, Leach FE, Amster IJ, Esko JD, Salanti A, Clausen TM. The specificity of the malarial VAR2CSA protein for chondroitin sulfate depends on 4-O-sulfation and ligand accessibility. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101391. [PMID: 34762909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental malaria infection is mediated by the binding of the malarial VAR2CSA protein to the placental glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate. Recombinant sub-fragments of VAR2CSA (rVAR2) have also been shown to bind specifically and with high affinity to cancer cells and tissues, suggesting the presence of a shared type of oncofetal chondroitin sulfate (ofCS) in the placenta and in tumors. However, the exact structure of ofCS and what determines the selective tropism of VAR2CSA remains poorly understood. In this study, ofCS was purified by affinity chromatography using rVAR2 and subjected to detailed structural analysis. We found high levels of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulfation (∼80-85%) in placenta- and tumor-derived ofCS. This level of 4-O-sulfation was also found in other tissues that do not support parasite sequestration, suggesting that VAR2CSA tropism is not exclusively determined by placenta- and tumor-specific sulfation. Here, we show that both placenta and tumors contain significantly more chondroitin sulfate moieties of higher molecular weight than other tissues. In line with this, CHPF and CHPF2, which encode proteins required for chondroitin polymerization, are significantly upregulated in most cancer types. CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of CHPF and CHPF2 in tumor cells reduced the average molecular weight of cell-surface chondroitin sulfate and resulted in a marked reduction of rVAR2 binding. Finally, utilizing a cell-based glycocalyx model, we showed that rVAR2 binding correlates with the length of the chondroitin sulfate chains in the cellular glycocalyx. These data demonstrate that the total amount and cellular accessibility of chondroitin sulfate chains impact rVAR2 binding and thus malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte B Spliid
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alejandro Gomez Toledo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infection Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Yang Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and Research, 510990 Guangzhou, China
| | - Francesco Gatto
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 42196 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Gustavsson
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Swati Choudhary
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana L Saldanha
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus P Vogelsang
- Center for Surgical Science, Department of Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, DK-4600 Koege, Denmark
| | - Ismail Gögenur
- Center for Surgical Science, Department of Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, DK-4600 Koege, Denmark
| | - Thor G Theander
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Franklin E Leach
- Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | | | - Jeffrey D Esko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ali Salanti
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Mandel Clausen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department for Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Disease, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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11
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Zhang B, Chi L. Chondroitin Sulfate/Dermatan Sulfate-Protein Interactions and Their Biological Functions in Human Diseases: Implications and Analytical Tools. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:693563. [PMID: 34422817 PMCID: PMC8377502 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.693563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) are linear anionic polysaccharides that are widely present on the cell surface and in the cell matrix and connective tissue. CS and DS chains are usually attached to core proteins and are present in the form of proteoglycans (PGs). They not only are important structural substances but also bind to a variety of cytokines, growth factors, cell surface receptors, adhesion molecules, enzymes and fibrillary glycoproteins to execute series of important biological functions. CS and DS exhibit variable sulfation patterns and different sequence arrangements, and their molecular weights also vary within a large range, increasing the structural complexity and diversity of CS/DS. The structure-function relationship of CS/DS PGs directly and indirectly involves them in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Accumulating evidence suggests that CS/DS serves as an important cofactor for many cell behaviors. Understanding the molecular basis of these interactions helps to elucidate the occurrence and development of various diseases and the development of new therapeutic approaches. The present article reviews the physiological and pathological processes in which CS and DS participate through their interactions with different proteins. Moreover, classic and emerging glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-protein interaction analysis tools and their applications in CS/DS-protein characterization are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lianli Chi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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12
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Clifton LA. Modeling the effects of malaria on red blood cell binding at the vascular interface. Biophys J 2021; 120:3240-3241. [PMID: 34332654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Clifton
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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13
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Fröhlich B, Dasanna AK, Lansche C, Czajor J, Sanchez CP, Cyrklaff M, Yamamoto A, Craig A, Schwarz US, Lanzer M, Tanaka M. Functionalized supported membranes for quantifying adhesion of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes. Biophys J 2021; 120:3315-3328. [PMID: 34246628 PMCID: PMC8391081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathology of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is largely defined by the cytoadhesion of infected erythrocytes to the microvascular endothelial lining. The complexity of the endothelial surface and the large range of interactions available for the infected erythrocyte via parasite-encoded adhesins make analysis of critical contributions during cytoadherence challenging to define. Here, we have explored supported membranes functionalized with two important adhesion receptors, ICAM1 or CD36, as a quantitative biomimetic surface to help understand the processes involved in cytoadherence. Parasitized erythrocytes bound to the receptor-functionalized membranes with high efficiency and selectivity under both static and flow conditions, with infected wild-type erythrocytes displaying a higher binding capacity than do parasitized heterozygous sickle cells. We further show that the binding efficiency decreased with increasing intermolecular receptor distance and that the cell-surface contacts were highly dynamic and increased with rising wall shear stress as the cell underwent a shape transition. Computer simulations using a deformable cell model explained the wall-shear-stress-induced dynamic changes in cell shape and contact area via the specific physical properties of erythrocytes, the density of adhesins presenting knobs, and the lateral movement of receptors in the supported membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Fröhlich
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anil K Dasanna
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and BioQuant-Center for Quantitative Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Lansche
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Czajor
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cecilia P Sanchez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marek Cyrklaff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Akihisa Yamamoto
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Alister Craig
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich S Schwarz
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and BioQuant-Center for Quantitative Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Lanzer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg, Germany; Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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14
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Tomlinson A, Semblat JP, Gamain B, Chêne A. VAR2CSA-Mediated Host Defense Evasion of Plasmodium falciparum Infected Erythrocytes in Placental Malaria. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624126. [PMID: 33633743 PMCID: PMC7900151 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 30 million women living in P. falciparum endemic areas are at risk of developing malaria during pregnancy every year. Placental malaria is characterized by massive accumulation of infected erythrocytes in the intervillous space of the placenta, accompanied by infiltration of immune cells, particularly monocytes. The consequent local inflammation and the obstruction of the maternofetal exchanges can lead to severe clinical outcomes for both mother and child. Even if protection against the disease can gradually be acquired following successive pregnancies, the malaria parasite has developed a large panel of evasion mechanisms to escape from host defense mechanisms and manipulate the immune system to its advantage. Infected erythrocytes isolated from placentas of women suffering from placental malaria present a unique phenotype and express the pregnancy-specific variant VAR2CSA of the Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein (PfEMP1) family at their surface. The polymorphic VAR2CSA protein is able to mediate the interaction of infected erythrocytes with a variety of host cells including placental syncytiotrophoblasts and leukocytes but also with components of the immune system such as non-specific IgM. This review summarizes the described VAR2CSA-mediated host defense evasion mechanisms employed by the parasite during placental malaria to ensure its survival and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Tomlinson
- Université de Paris, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Semblat
- Université de Paris, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Gamain
- Université de Paris, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Chêne
- Université de Paris, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, UMR_S1134, BIGR, INSERM, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
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15
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Abstract
A new method to quantify the influence of mobilization agents on the dynamics of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) is introduced. Different from the microscopy-based high-content screening relying on multiple staining, machine learning, and molecular-level perturbation, the proposed method sheds light on the "dynamics" of HSPC in the presence of extrinsic factors, including SDF1α and mobilization agents. A well-defined model of the bone marrow niche is fabricated by the deposition of planar lipid membranes on glass slides (called supported membranes) displaying ligand molecules at precisely controlled surface densities. The dynamics of human HSPC, CD34+ cells from umbilical cord blood or peripheral blood, are monitored by time-lapse, live cell imaging with a standard phase-contrast microscopy or a specially designed microinterferometry in the absence or presence of mobilization agents. After extracting the contour of each cell, one can analyze the dynamics of cell "shapes" step-by-step, yielding various levels of information ranging from the principal mode of deformation, the persistence of deformation patterns, and the energy consumption by HSPC in the absence and presence of mobilization agents. Moreover, by tracking the migration trajectories of HSPC, one can gain insight how mobilization agents influence the "motion" of HSPC. As these readouts can be connected to a theoretical model, this strategy enables one to classify the influence of not only mobilization agents but also target-specific inhibitors or other treatments in quantitative indices.
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16
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Seitz J, Morales-Prieto DM, Favaro RR, Schneider H, Markert UR. Molecular Principles of Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Plasmodium Falciparum Infection. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:98. [PMID: 30930847 PMCID: PMC6405475 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria in pregnancy still constitutes a particular medical challenge in tropical and subtropical regions. Of the five Plasmodium species that are pathogenic to humans, infection with Plasmodium falciparum leads to fulminant progression of the disease with massive impact on pregnancy. Severe anemia of the mother, miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm delivery and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) with reduced birth weight are frequent complications that lead to more than 10,000 maternal and 200,000 perinatal deaths annually in sub-Saharan Africa alone. P. falciparum can adhere to the placenta via the expression of the surface antigen VAR2CSA, which leads to sequestration of infected erythrocytes in the intervillous space. This process induces a placental inflammation with involvement of immune cells and humoral factors. Especially, monocytes get activated and change the release of soluble mediators, including a variety of cytokines. This proinflammatory environment contributes to disorders of angiogenesis, blood flow, autophagy, and nutrient transport in the placenta and erythropoiesis. Collectively, they impair placental functions and, consequently, fetal growth. The discovery that women in endemic regions develop a certain immunity against VAR2CSA-expressing parasites with increasing number of pregnancies has redefined the understanding of malaria in pregnancy and offers strategies for the development of vaccines. The following review gives an overview of molecular processes in P. falciparum infection in pregnancy which may be involved in the development of IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Seitz
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Rodolfo R. Favaro
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Henning Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Udo Rudolf Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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17
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Dasanna AK, Schwarz US. Adhesion-based sorting of blood cells: an adhesive dynamics simulation study. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:9061-9070. [PMID: 30394471 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01524d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood cells can be sorted in microfluidic devices not only based on their sizes and deformability, but also based on their adhesive properties. In particular, white blood cells have been shown to be sorted out by using adhesive micropatterns made from stripes that are tilted in regard to the direction of shear flow. Here we use adhesive dynamics simulations for round cells to quantitatively investigate this effect and to predict the optimal tilt angle. We then apply our method to predict optimal sorting conditions for malaria-infected red blood cells, which like white blood cells also adhere to and roll on adhesive substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Dasanna
- BioQuant and Institute of Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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18
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Monzel C, Becker AS, Saffrich R, Wuchter P, Eckstein V, Ho AD, Tanaka M. Dynamic cellular phynotyping defines specific mobilization mechanisms of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells induced by SDF1α versus synthetic agents. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1841. [PMID: 29382856 PMCID: PMC5789976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) is one of the most crucial issues for harvesting an adequate amount of peripheral HSPC for successful clinical transplantation. Applying well-defined surrogate models for the bone marrow niche, live cell imaging techniques, and novel tools in statistical physics, we have quantified the functionality of two mobilization agents that have been applied in the clinic, NOX-A12 and AMD3100 (plerixafor), as compared to a naturally occurring chemokine in the bone marrow, SDF1α. We found that NOX-A12, an L-enantiomeric RNA oligonucleotide to SDF1, significantly reduced the adhesion of HSPC to the niche surface mediated via the CXCR4-SDF1α axis, and stretched the migration trajectories of the HSPC. We found that the stretching of trajectories by NOX-A12 was more prominent than that by SDF1α. In contrast, plerixafor exhibited no detectable interference with adhesion and migration. We also found that the deformation of HSPC induced by SDF1α or plerixafor was also drastically suppressed in the presence of NOX-A12. This novel technology of quantitative assessment of "dynamic phenotypes" by physical tools has therefore enabled us to define different mechanisms of function for various extrinsic factors compared to naturally occurring chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Monzel
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR168, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra S Becker
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Wuchter
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg - Hessen, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Volker Eckstein
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan.
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19
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Frank V, Chushkin Y, Fröhlich B, Abuillan W, Rieger H, Becker AS, Yamamoto A, Rossetti FF, Kaufmann S, Lanzer M, Zontone F, Tanaka M. Lensless Tomographic Imaging of Near Surface Structures of Frozen Hydrated Malaria-Infected Human Erythrocytes by Coherent X-Ray Diffraction Microscopy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14081. [PMID: 29074975 PMCID: PMC5658481 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lensless, coherent X-ray diffraction microscopy has been drawing considerable attentions for tomographic imaging of whole human cells. In this study, we performed cryogenic coherent X-ray diffraction imaging of human erythrocytes with and without malaria infection. To shed light on structural features near the surface, “ghost cells” were prepared by the removal of cytoplasm. From two-dimensional images, we found that the surface of erythrocytes after 32 h of infection became much rougher compared to that of healthy, uninfected erythrocytes. The Gaussian roughness of an infected erythrocyte surface (69 nm) is about two times larger than that of an uninfected one (31 nm), reflecting the formation of protein knobs on infected erythrocyte surfaces. Three-dimensional tomography further enables to obtain images of the whole cells with no remarkable radiation damage, whose accuracy was estimated using phase retrieval transfer functions to be as good as 64 nm for uninfected and 80 nm for infected erythrocytes, respectively. Future improvements in phase retrieval algorithm, increase in degree of coherence, and higher flux in combination with complementary X-ray fluorescence are necessary to gain both structural and chemical details of mesoscopic architectures, such as cytoskeletons, membraneous structures, and protein complexes, in frozen hydrated human cells, especially under diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Frank
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuriy Chushkin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, France.
| | - Benjamin Fröhlich
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wasim Abuillan
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harden Rieger
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra S Becker
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Akihisa Yamamoto
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI iCeMS), Kyoto University, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fernanda F Rossetti
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI iCeMS), Kyoto University, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Stefan Kaufmann
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Lanzer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Federico Zontone
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI iCeMS), Kyoto University, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan.
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20
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Dasanna AK, Lansche C, Lanzer M, Schwarz US. Rolling Adhesion of Schizont Stage Malaria-Infected Red Blood Cells in Shear Flow. Biophys J 2017; 112:1908-1919. [PMID: 28494961 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To avoid clearance by the spleen, red blood cells infected with the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (iRBCs) adhere to the vascular endothelium through adhesive protrusions called "knobs" that the parasite induces on the surface of the host cell. However, the detailed relation between the developing knob structure and the resulting movement in shear flow is not known. Using flow chamber experiments on endothelial monolayers and tracking of the parasite inside the infected host cell, we find that trophozoites (intermediate-stage iRBCs) tend to flip due to their biconcave shape, whereas schizonts (late-stage iRBCs) tend to roll due to their almost spherical shape. We then use adhesive dynamics simulations for spherical cells to predict the effects of knob density and receptor multiplicity per knob on rolling adhesion of schizonts. We find that rolling adhesion requires a homogeneous coverage of the cell surface by knobs and that rolling adhesion becomes more stable and slower for higher knob density. Our experimental data suggest that schizonts are at the border between transient and stable rolling adhesion. They also allow us to establish an estimate for the molecular parameters for schizont adhesion to the vascular endothelium and to predict bond dynamics in the contact region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Dasanna
- BioQuant-Center for Quantitative Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Lansche
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Lanzer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schwarz
- BioQuant-Center for Quantitative Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
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21
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Abstract
The adhesion of malaria infected red blood cells (iRBCs) to host endothelial receptors in the microvasculature, or cytoadhesion, is associated with severe disease pathology such as multiple organ failure and cerebral malaria. Malaria iRBCs have been shown to bind to several receptors, of which intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) upregulation in brain microvasculature is the only one correlated to cerebral malaria. We utilize a biophysical approach to study the interactions between iRBCs and ICAM-1. At the single molecule level, force spectroscopy experiments reveal that ICAM-1 forms catch bond interactions with Plasmodium falciparum parasite iRBCs. Flow experiments are subsequently conducted to understand multiple bond behavior. Using a robust model that smoothly transitions between our single and multiple bond results, we conclusively demonstrate that the catch bond behavior persists even under flow conditions. The parameters extracted from these experimental results revealed that the rate of association of iRBC-ICAM-1 bonds are ten times lower than iRBC-CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36), a receptor that shows no upregulation in the brains of cerebral malaria patients. Yet, the dissociation rates are nearly the same for both iRBC-receptor interactions. Thus, our results suggest that ICAM-1 may not be the sole mediator responsible for cytoadhesion in the brain.
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22
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Pehrson C, Mathiesen L, Heno KK, Salanti A, Resende M, Dzikowski R, Damm P, Hansson SR, King CL, Schneider H, Wang CW, Lavstsen T, Theander TG, Knudsen LE, Nielsen MA. Adhesion of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes in ex vivo perfused placental tissue: a novel model of placental malaria. Malar J 2016; 15:292. [PMID: 27230523 PMCID: PMC4881162 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Placental malaria occurs when Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes sequester in the placenta. Placental parasite isolates bind to chondroitin sulphate A (CSA) by expression of VAR2CSA on the surface of infected erythrocytes, but may sequester by other VAR2CSA mediated mechanisms, such as binding to immunoglobulins. Furthermore, other parasite antigens have been associated with placental malaria. These findings have important implications for placental malaria vaccine design. The objective of this study was to adapt and describe a biologically relevant model of parasite adhesion in intact placental tissue. Results The ex vivo placental perfusion model was modified to study adhesion of infected erythrocytes binding to CSA, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) or a transgenic parasite where P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 expression had been shut down. Infected erythrocytes expressing VAR2CSA accumulated in perfused placental tissue whereas the EPCR binding and the transgenic parasite did not. Soluble CSA and antibodies specific against VAR2CSA inhibited binding of infected erythrocytes. Conclusion The ex vivo model provides a novel way of studying receptor-ligand interactions and antibody mediated inhibition of binding in placental malaria. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1342-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pehrson
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and at Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Line Mathiesen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristine K Heno
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and at Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ali Salanti
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and at Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mafalda Resende
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and at Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ron Dzikowski
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Peter Damm
- Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Stefan R Hansson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christopher L King
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
| | - Henning Schneider
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian W Wang
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and at Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Lavstsen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and at Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thor G Theander
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and at Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth E Knudsen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten A Nielsen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen and at Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark.
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23
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Helms G, Dasanna AK, Schwarz US, Lanzer M. Modeling cytoadhesion of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes and leukocytes-common principles and distinctive features. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:1955-71. [PMID: 26992823 PMCID: PMC5071704 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cytoadhesion of Plasmodium falciparum‐infected erythrocytes to the microvascular endothelial lining shares striking similarities to cytoadhesion of leukocytes. In both cases, adhesins are presented in structures that raise them above the cell surface. Another similarity is the enhancement of adhesion under physical force (catch bonding). Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the molecular and biophysical mechanisms underlying cytoadherence in both cellular systems. We describe how imaging, flow chamber experiments, single‐molecule measurements, and computational modeling have been used to decipher the relevant processes. We conclude that although the parasite seems to induce processes that resemble the cytoadherence of leukocytes, the mechanics of erythrocytes is such that the resulting behavior in shear flow is fundamentally different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Helms
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Anil Kumar Dasanna
- BioQuant, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schwarz
- BioQuant, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Michael Lanzer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University, Germany
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24
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Hviid L, Jensen ATR. PfEMP1 - A Parasite Protein Family of Key Importance in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Immunity and Pathogenesis. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2015; 88:51-84. [PMID: 25911365 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum causes the most severe form of malaria and is responsible for essentially all malaria-related deaths. The accumulation in various tissues of erythrocytes infected by mature P. falciparum parasites can lead to circulatory disturbances and inflammation, and is thought to be a central element in the pathogenesis of the disease. It is mediated by the interaction of parasite ligands on the erythrocyte surface and a range of host receptor molecules in many organs and tissues. Among several proteins and protein families implicated in this process, the P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family of high-molecular weight and highly variable antigens appears to be the most prominent. In this chapter, we aim to provide a systematic overview of the current knowledge about these proteins, their structure, their function, how they are presented on the erythrocyte surface, and how the var genes encoding them are regulated. The role of PfEMP1 in the pathogenesis of malaria, PfEMP1-specific immune responses, and the prospect of PfEMP1-specific vaccination against malaria are also covered briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Hviid
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja T R Jensen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology, University of Copenhagen and Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Abstract
In this issue of Blood, Rieger et al show that malaria parasite infiltration in the human placenta requires a specific geometry and affinity of host receptors to facilitate strong adhesion.
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