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Xiong T, Zhang Z, Fan T, Ye F, Ye Z. Origin, evolution, and diversification of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinases in plants and animals. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:350. [PMID: 38589807 PMCID: PMC11000326 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Eukaryotes, inositol polyphosphates (InsPs) represent a large family of secondary messengers and play crucial roes in various cellular processes. InsPs are synthesized through a series of pohophorylation reactions catalyzed by various InsP kinases in a sequential manner. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase (IP3 3-kinase/IP3K), one member of InsP kinase, plays important regulation roles in InsPs metabolism by specifically phosphorylating inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) to inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (IP4) in animal cells. IP3Ks were widespread in fungi, plants and animals. However, its evolutionary history and patterns have not been examined systematically. RESULTS A total of 104 and 31 IP3K orthologues were identified across 57 plant genomes and 13 animal genomes, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that IP3K originated in the common ancestor before the divergence of fungi, plants and animals. In most plants and animals, IP3K maintained low-copy numbers suggesting functional conservation during plant and animal evolution. In Brassicaceae and vertebrate, IP3K underwent one and two duplication events, respectively, resulting in multiple gene copies. Whole-genome duplication (WGD) was the main mechanism for IP3K duplications, and the IP3K duplicates have experienced functional divergence. Finally, a hypothetical evolutionary model for the IP3K proteins is proposed based on phylogenetic theory. CONCLUSION Our study reveals the evolutionary history of IP3K proteins and guides the future functions of animal, plant, and fungal IP3K proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiong
- School of Life and Health Science, Huzhou College, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Zaibao Zhang
- School of Life and Health Science, Huzhou College, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China.
| | - Tianyu Fan
- School of Life and Health Science, Huzhou College, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Ye
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyi Ye
- School of Life and Health Science, Huzhou College, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Authi KS, Khan S, Gibbins JM, Brain SD. Evidence that inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate are negative regulators of platelet function. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102326. [PMID: 38404940 PMCID: PMC10885593 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (IP4) is formed from inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) by IP3 3-kinase (ITPK) in most cells. Its function is unknown but has been suggested to be involved in Ca2+ entry, IP3 regulation, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase antagonism. Objectives To better elucidate a function for IP4, we tested a specific inhibitor of ITPK (GNF362) on platelets, the effects of IP4 directly in permeabilized platelets and its effect on phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) binding to pleckstrin-homology (PH) domain-containing proteins in platelets. Methods Human platelets were utilized in whole blood for thrombus formation, in platelet-rich plasma and washed suspensions for aggregation, and for Ca2+ studies, or resuspended in high K+ and low Na+ buffers for permeabilization experiments. Phosphorylation of AKT-Ser473 and Rap1-GTP formation were measured by Western blotting and PIP3 binding using PIP3 beads. Results GNF362-enhanced platelet aggregation stimulated by low concentrations of ADP, collagen, thrombin, U46619, and thrombus formation in collagen-coated capillaries. GNF362 induced a transient elevation of Ca2+ concentration, elevated basal levels of IP3, and enhanced the peak height of Ca2+ elevated by agonists. In permeabilized platelets, IP4 inhibited GTPγS induced formation of AKT-Ser473 phosphorylation and platelet aggregation. IP4 reduced GTPγS-stimulated Rap1-GTP levels and potently reduced extraction of RASA3 and BTK by PIP3 beads. Conclusion ITPK and IP4 are negative regulators of platelet function. IP4 regulation of PH domain-containing proteins may represent a pathway by which platelet activation may be controlled during thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalwant S. Authi
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre for Research Excellence, London, UK
| | - Sabeeya Khan
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Jonathan M. Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Susan D. Brain
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, BHF Centre for Research Excellence, London, UK
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3
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Li X, Jiang O, Wang S. Molecular mechanisms of cellular metabolic homeostasis in stem cells. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:52. [PMID: 38040705 PMCID: PMC10692173 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many tissues and organ systems have intrinsic regeneration capabilities that are largely driven and maintained by tissue-resident stem cell populations. In recent years, growing evidence has demonstrated that cellular metabolic homeostasis plays a central role in mediating stem cell fate, tissue regeneration, and homeostasis. Thus, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms that regulate metabolic homeostasis in stem cells may contribute to our knowledge on how tissue homeostasis is maintained and provide novel insights for disease management. In this review, we summarize the known relationship between the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and molecular pathways in stem cells. We also discuss potential targets of metabolic homeostasis in disease therapy and describe the current limitations and future directions in the development of these novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ou Jiang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Laboratory for Oral and General Health Integration and Translation, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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4
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Ling B, Xu Y, Qian S, Xiang Z, Xuan S, Wu J. Regulation of hematopoietic stem cells differentiation, self-renewal, and quiescence through the mTOR signaling pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1186850. [PMID: 37228652 PMCID: PMC10203478 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1186850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are important for the hematopoietic system because they can self-renew to increase their number and differentiate into all the blood cells. At a steady state, most of the HSCs remain in quiescence to preserve their capacities and protect themselves from damage and exhaustive stress. However, when there are some emergencies, HSCs are activated to start their self-renewal and differentiation. The mTOR signaling pathway has been shown as an important signaling pathway that can regulate the differentiation, self-renewal, and quiescence of HSCs, and many types of molecules can regulate HSCs' these three potentials by influencing the mTOR signaling pathway. Here we review how mTOR signaling pathway regulates HSCs three potentials, and introduce some molecules that can work as the regulator of HSCs' these potentials through the mTOR signaling. Finally, we outline the clinical significance of studying the regulation of HSCs three potentials through the mTOR signaling pathway and make some predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Ling
- Department of Pharmacy, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunyang Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyuan Qian
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shihai Xuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People’s Hospital of Dongtai City, Dongtai, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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5
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de Morree A, Rando TA. Regulation of adult stem cell quiescence and its functions in the maintenance of tissue integrity. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:334-354. [PMID: 36922629 PMCID: PMC10725182 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Adult stem cells are important for mammalian tissues, where they act as a cell reserve that supports normal tissue turnover and can mount a regenerative response following acute injuries. Quiescent stem cells are well established in certain tissues, such as skeletal muscle, brain, and bone marrow. The quiescent state is actively controlled and is essential for long-term maintenance of stem cell pools. In this Review, we discuss the importance of maintaining a functional pool of quiescent adult stem cells, including haematopoietic stem cells, skeletal muscle stem cells, neural stem cells, hair follicle stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells such as fibro-adipogenic progenitors, to ensure tissue maintenance and repair. We discuss the molecular mechanisms that regulate the entry into, maintenance of, and exit from the quiescent state in mice. Recent studies revealed that quiescent stem cells have a discordance between RNA and protein levels, indicating the importance of post-transcriptional mechanisms, such as alternative polyadenylation, alternative splicing, and translation repression, in the control of stem cell quiescence. Understanding how these mechanisms guide stem cell function during homeostasis and regeneration has important implications for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine de Morree
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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6
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Wu F, Chen Z, Liu J, Hou Y. The Akt-mTOR network at the interface of hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis. Exp Hematol 2021; 103:15-23. [PMID: 34464661 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are immature blood cells that exhibit multilineage differentiation capacity. Homeostasis is critical for HSC potential and lifelong hematopoiesis, and HSC homeostasis is tightly governed by both intrinsic molecular networks and microenvironmental signals. The evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine protein kinase B (PKB, also referred to as Akt)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is universal to nearly all multicellular organisms and plays an integral role in most cellular processes. Emerging evidence has revealed a central role of the Akt-mTOR network in HSC homeostasis, because it responds to multiple intracellular and extracellular signals and regulates various downstream targets, eventually affecting several cellular processes, including the cell cycle, mitochondrial metabolism, and protein synthesis. Dysregulated Akt-mTOR signaling greatly affects HSC self-renewal, maintenance, differentiation, survival, autophagy, and aging, as well as transformation of HSCs to leukemia stem cells. Here, we review recent works and provide an advanced understanding of how the Akt-mTOR network regulates HSC homeostasis, thus offering insights into future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China.
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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7
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Wang H, Shao R, Liu W, Tang H, Lu Y. Identification of a prognostic metabolic gene signature in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7066-7077. [PMID: 34128320 PMCID: PMC8278125 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a clinically diverse disease. Given the numerous genetic mutations and variations associated with it, a prognostic gene signature that can be related to the overall survival (OS) is a clinical implication. We used the mRNA expression profiles and clinicopathological data of patients with DLBCL from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify a metabolism-related gene signature. Using LASSO regression analysis, a novel 13-metabolic gene signature was identified to evaluate prognosis. The information gathered was used to construct the nomogram model to improve risk stratification and quantify risk factors for individual patients. We performed gene set enrichment analysis to identify the enriched signalling axes to further understand the underlying biological pathways. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed a satisfactory performance in the training cohorts. The model also showed clinical benefit when compared to the standard prognostic factors (P < .05) in validation cohorts. This study aimed to combine metabolic dysregulation with clinical features of patients with DLBCL to generate a prognostic model that might not only indicate the value of the metabolic microenvironment for prognostic stratification but also improve the decision-making during individual therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhong Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruonan Shao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjian Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Adaptive responses to mTOR gene targeting in hematopoietic stem cells reveal a proliferative mechanism evasive to mTOR inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 118:2020102118. [PMID: 33443202 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cell growth and an attractive anticancer target that integrates diverse signals to control cell proliferation. Previous studies using mTOR inhibitors have shown that mTOR targeting suppresses gene expression and cell proliferation. To date, however, mTOR-targeted therapies in cancer have seen limited efficacy, and one key issue is related to the development of evasive resistance. In this manuscript, through the use of a gene targeting mouse model, we have found that inducible deletion of mTOR in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) results in a loss of quiescence and increased proliferation. Adaptive to the mTOR loss, mTOR -/- HSCs increase chromatin accessibility and activate global gene expression, contrary to the effects of short-term inhibition by mTOR inhibitors. Mechanistically, such genomic changes are due to a rewiring and adaptive activation of the ERK/MNK/eIF4E signaling pathway that enhances the protein translation of RNA polymerase II, which in turn leads to increased c-Myc gene expression, allowing the HSCs to thrive despite the loss of a functional mTOR pathway. This adaptive mechanism can also be utilized by leukemia cells undergoing long-term mTOR inhibitor treatment to confer resistance to mTOR drug targeting. The resistance can be counteracted by MNK, CDK9, or c-Myc inhibition. These results provide insights into the physiological role of mTOR in mammalian stem cell regulation and implicate a mechanism of evasive resistance in the context of mTOR targeting.
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9
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Cho HJ, Lee J, Yoon SR, Lee HG, Jung H. Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fate and Malignancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134780. [PMID: 32640596 PMCID: PMC7369689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate decision, whether they keep quiescence, self-renew, or differentiate into blood lineage cells, is critical for maintaining the immune system throughout one’s lifetime. As HSCs are exposed to age-related stress, they gradually lose their self-renewal and regenerative capacity. Recently, many reports have implicated signaling pathways in the regulation of HSC fate determination and malignancies under aging stress or pathophysiological conditions. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of signaling pathways that regulate HSC fate including quiescence, self-renewal, and differentiation during aging, and additionally introduce pharmacological approaches to rescue defects of HSC fate determination or hematopoietic malignancies by kinase signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jun Cho
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (H.J.C.); (S.R.Y.)
| | - Jungwoon Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Suk Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (H.J.C.); (S.R.Y.)
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (H.J.C.); (S.R.Y.)
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 113 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.G.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (H.J.C.); (S.R.Y.)
- Correspondence: (H.G.L.); (H.J.)
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10
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He Q, Hong M, He J, Chen W, Zhao M, Zhao W. Isoform-specific involvement of Brpf1 in expansion of adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 12:359-371. [PMID: 31565729 PMCID: PMC7288741 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromodomain-containing proteins are known readers of histone acetylation that regulate chromatin structure and transcription. Although the functions of bromodomain-containing proteins in development, homeostasis, and disease states have been well studied, their role in self-renewal of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) remains poorly understood. Here, we performed a chemical screen using nine bromodomain inhibitors and found that the bromodomain and PHD finger-containing protein 1 (Brpf1) inhibitor OF-1 enhanced the expansion of Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+ HSPCs ex vivo without skewing their lineage differentiation potential. Importantly, our results also revealed distinct functions of Brpf1 isoforms in HSPCs. Brpf1b promoted the expansion of HSPCs. By contrast, Brpf1a is the most abundant isoform in adult HSPCs but enhanced HSPC quiescence and decreased the HSPC expansion. Furthermore, inhibition of Brpf1a by OF-1 promoted histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility leading to increased expression of self-renewal-related genes (e.g. Mn1). The phenotypes produced by OF-1 treatment can be rescued by suppression of Mn1 in HSPCs. Our findings demonstrate that this novel bromodomain inhibitor OF-1 can promote the clinical application of HSPCs in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping He
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengzhi Hong
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jincan He
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Weixin Chen
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- RNA Biomedical Institute, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
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11
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Almutairi A, Wallace JG, Jaber F, Alosaimi MF, Jones J, Sallam MTH, Elnagdy MH, Chou J, Sobh A, Geha RS. Severe combined immunodeficiency caused by inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (ITPKB) deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:1696-1699.e6. [PMID: 31987846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abduarahman Almutairi
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jacqueline G Wallace
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Faris Jaber
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Mohammed F Alosaimi
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Allergy and Immunology Division, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jennifer Jones
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Mohamed T H Sallam
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M H Elnagdy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Ali Sobh
- Department of Pediatrics, Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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12
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Thangavelu G, Du J, Paz KG, Loschi M, Zaiken MC, Flynn R, Taylor PA, Kirchmeier AK, Panoskaltsis-Mortari A, Luznik L, MacDonald KP, Hill GR, Maillard I, Munn DH, Serody JS, Murphy WJ, Miklos D, Cutler CS, Koreth J, Antin JH, Soiffer RJ, Ritz J, Dahlberg C, Miller AT, Blazar BR. Inhibition of inositol kinase B controls acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2020; 135:28-40. [PMID: 31697815 PMCID: PMC6940197 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell activation releases inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), inducing cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) influx. In turn, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (Itpkb) phosphorylates IP3 to negatively regulate and thereby tightly control Ca2+ fluxes that are essential for mature T-cell activation and differentiation and protection from cell death. Itpkb pathway inhibition increases intracellular Ca2+, induces apoptosis of activated T cells, and can control T-cell-mediated autoimmunity. In this study, we employed genetic and pharmacological approaches to inhibit Itpkb signaling as a means of controlling graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Murine-induced, Itpkb-deleted (Itpkb-/-) T cells attenuated acute GVHD in 2 models without eliminating A20-luciferase B-cell lymphoma graft-versus-leukemia (GVL). A highly potent, selective inhibitor, GNF362, ameliorated acute GVHD without impairing GVL against 2 acute myeloid leukemia lines (MLL-AF9-eGFP and C1498-luciferase). Compared with FK506, GNF362 more selectively deleted donor alloreactive vs nominal antigen-responsive T cells. Consistent with these data and as compared with FK506, GNF362 had favorable acute GVHD and GVL properties against MLL-AF9-eGFP cells. In chronic GVHD preclinical models that have a pathophysiology distinct from acute GVHD, Itpkb-/- donor T cells reduced active chronic GVHD in a multiorgan system model of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO), driven by germinal center reactions and resulting in target organ fibrosis. GNF362 treatment reduced active chronic GVHD in both BO and scleroderma models. Thus, intact Itpkb signaling is essential to drive acute GVHD pathogenesis and sustain active chronic GVHD, pointing toward a novel clinical application to prevent acute or treat chronic GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindarajan Thangavelu
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jing Du
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Katelyn G Paz
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Michael Loschi
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Michael C Zaiken
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Ryan Flynn
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Patricia A Taylor
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Andrew Kemal Kirchmeier
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Leo Luznik
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kelli P MacDonald
- Department of Immunology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Department of Immunology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) Berghofer Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ivan Maillard
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David H Munn
- Georgia Cancer Center and
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Jonathan S Serody
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - William J Murphy
- Department of Dermatology and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - David Miklos
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Corey S Cutler
- Stem Cell/Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematologic Malignancy, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - John Koreth
- Stem Cell/Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematologic Malignancy, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Joseph H Antin
- Stem Cell/Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematologic Malignancy, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Robert J Soiffer
- Stem Cell/Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematologic Malignancy, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Jerome Ritz
- Stem Cell/Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, Division of Hematologic Malignancy, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Carol Dahlberg
- The Genomics Institute, Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, CA
| | - Andrew T Miller
- The Genomics Institute, Novartis Research Foundation (GNF), San Diego, CA
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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13
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Pan C, Jin L, Wang X, Li Y, Chun J, Boese AC, Li D, Kang HB, Zhang G, Zhou L, Chen GZ, Saba NF, Shin DM, Magliocca KR, Owonikoko TK, Mao H, Lonial S, Kang S. Inositol-triphosphate 3-kinase B confers cisplatin resistance by regulating NOX4-dependent redox balance. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2431-2445. [PMID: 31081803 DOI: 10.1172/jci124550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
How altered metabolism contributes to chemotherapy resistance in cancer cells remains unclear. Through a metabolism-related kinome RNAi screen, we identified inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (ITPKB) as a critical enzyme that contributes to cisplatin-resistant tumor growth. We demonstrated that inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (IP4), the product of ITPKB, plays a critical role in redox homeostasis upon cisplatin exposure by reducing cisplatin-induced ROS through inhibition of a ROS-generating enzyme, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), which promotes cisplatin-resistant tumor growth. Mechanistically, we identified that IP4 competes with the NOX4 cofactor NADPH for binding and consequently inhibits NOX4. Targeting ITPKB with shRNA or its small-molecule inhibitor resulted in attenuation of NOX4 activity, imbalanced redox status, and sensitized cancer cells to cisplatin treatment in patient-derived xenografts. Our findings provide insight into the crosstalk between kinase-mediated metabolic regulation and platinum-based chemotherapy resistance in human cancers. Our study also suggests a distinctive signaling function of IP4 that regulates NOX4. Furthermore, pharmaceutical inhibition of ITPKB displayed synergistic attenuation of tumor growth with cisplatin, suggesting ITPKB as a promising synthetic lethal target for cancer therapeutic intervention to overcome cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyun Pan
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Lingtao Jin
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Xu Wang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Yuancheng Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Austin C Boese
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Dan Li
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Hee-Bum Kang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Guojing Zhang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Georgia Z Chen
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Dong M Shin
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Kelly R Magliocca
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Taofeek K Owonikoko
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
| | - Sumin Kang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, and
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14
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SRC-3 is involved in maintaining hematopoietic stem cell quiescence by regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in mice. Blood 2018; 132:911-923. [PMID: 29959189 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-02-831669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescence maintenance is an important property of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), whereas the regulatory factors and underlying mechanisms involved in HSC quiescence maintenance are not fully uncovered. Here, we show that steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC-3) is highly expressed in HSCs, and SRC-3-deficient HSCs are less quiescent and more proliferative, resulting in increased sensitivity to chemotherapy and irradiation. Moreover, the long-term reconstituting ability of HSCs is markedly impaired in the absence of SRC-3, and SRC-3 knockout (SRC-3-/-) mice exhibit a significant disruption of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell homeostasis. Further investigations show that SRC-3 deficiency leads to enhanced mitochondrial metabolism, accompanied by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HSCs. Notably, the downstream target genes of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-coactivators 1α (PGC-1α) involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism are significantly upregulated in SRC-3-deficient HSCs. Meanwhile, a significant decrease in the expression of histone acetyltransferase GCN5 accompanied by downregulation of PGC-1α acetylation is observed in SRC-3-null HSCs. Conversely, overexpression of GCN5 can inhibit SRC-3 deficiency-induced mitochondrial metabolism enhancement and ROS overproduction, thereby evidently rescuing the impairment of HSCs in SRC-3-/- mice. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that SRC-3 plays an important role in HSC quiescence maintenance by regulating mitochondrial metabolism.
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15
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Effect of the actin- and calcium-regulating activities of ITPKB on the metastatic potential of lung cancer cells. Biochem J 2018; 475:2057-2071. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase-A (ITPKA) exhibits oncogenic activity in lung cancer cells by regulating Ins(1,4,5)P3-mediated calcium release and cytoskeletal dynamics. Since, in normal cells, ITPKA is mainly expressed in the brain, it is an excellent target for selected therapy of lung cancer. However, ITPKB is strongly expressed in normal lung tissues, but is down-regulated in lung cancer cells by miR-375, assuming that ITPKB might have tumor suppressor activity. In addition, ITPKB binds to F-actin making it likely that, similar to ITPKA, it controls actin dynamics. Thus, the treatment of ITPKA-expressing lung cancer with ITPKA inhibitors simultaneously inhibiting ITPKB may counteract the therapy. Based on these considerations, we analyzed if ITPKB controls actin dynamics and if the protein reduces aggressive progression of lung cancer cells. We found that ITPKB bundled F-actin in cell-free systems. However, the stable expression of ITPKB in H1299 lung cancer cells, exhibiting very low endogenous ITPKB expression, had no significant effect on the actin structure. In addition, our data show that ITPKB negatively controls transmigration of H1299 cells in vitro by blocking Ins(1,4,5)P3-mediated calcium release. On the other hand, colony formation was stimulated by ITPKB, independent of Ins(1,4,5)P3-mediated calcium signals. However, dissemination of H1299 cells from the skin to the lung in NOD scid gamma mice was not significantly affected by ITPKB expression. In summary, ITPKB does not affect the cellular actin structure and does not suppress dissemination of human lung cancer cells in mice. Thus, our initial hypotheses that ITPKB exhibits tumor suppressor activity could not be supported.
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16
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Elich M, Sauer K. Regulation of Hematopoietic Cell Development and Function Through Phosphoinositides. Front Immunol 2018; 9:931. [PMID: 29780388 PMCID: PMC5945867 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most paramount receptor-induced signal transduction mechanisms in hematopoietic cells is production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)trisphosphate (PIP3) by class I phosphoinositide 3 kinases (PI3K). Defective PIP3 signaling impairs almost every aspect of hematopoiesis, including T cell development and function. Limiting PIP3 signaling is particularly important, because excessive PIP3 function in lymphocytes can transform them and cause blood cancers. Here, we review the key functions of PIP3 and related phosphoinositides in hematopoietic cells, with a special focus on those mechanisms dampening PIP3 production, turnover, or function. Recent studies have shown that beyond “canonical” turnover by the PIP3 phosphatases and tumor suppressors phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and SH2 domain-containing inositol-5-phosphatase-1 (SHIP-1/2), PIP3 function in hematopoietic cells can also be dampened through antagonism with the soluble PIP3 analogs inositol(1,3,4,5)tetrakisphosphate (IP4) and inositol-heptakisphosphate (IP7). Other evidence suggests that IP4 can promote PIP3 function in thymocytes. Moreover, IP4 or the kinases producing it limit store-operated Ca2+ entry through Orai channels in B cells, T cells, and neutrophils to control cell survival and function. We discuss current models for how soluble inositol phosphates can have such diverse functions and can govern as distinct processes as hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis, neutrophil macrophage and NK cell function, and development and function of B cells and T cells. Finally, we will review the pathological consequences of dysregulated IP4 activity in immune cells and highlight contributions of impaired inositol phosphate functions in disorders such as Kawasaki disease, common variable immunodeficiency, or blood cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Elich
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Karsten Sauer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Oncology R&D, Pfizer Worldwide R&D, San Diego, CA, United States
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17
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Gene dosage effect of CUX1 in a murine model disrupts HSC homeostasis and controls the severity and mortality of MDS. Blood 2018; 131:2682-2697. [PMID: 29592892 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-10-810028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Monosomy 7 (-7) and del(7q) are high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities common in myeloid malignancies. We previously reported that CUX1, a homeodomain-containing transcription factor encoded on 7q22, is frequently inactivated in myeloid neoplasms, and CUX1 myeloid tumor suppressor activity is conserved from humans to Drosophila. CUX1-inactivating mutations are recurrent in clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential as well as myeloid malignancies, in which they independently carry a poor prognosis. To determine the role for CUX1 in hematopoiesis, we generated 2 short hairpin RNA-based mouse models with ∼54% (Cux1mid) or ∼12% (Cux1low) residual CUX1 protein. Cux1mid mice develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with anemia and trilineage dysplasia, whereas CUX1low mice developed MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasms and anemia. In diseased mice, restoration of CUX1 expression was sufficient to reverse the disease. CUX1 knockdown bone marrow transplant recipients exhibited a transient hematopoietic expansion, followed by a reduction of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and fatal bone marrow failure, in a dose-dependent manner. RNA-sequencing after CUX1 knockdown in human CD34+ cells identified a -7/del(7q) MDS gene signature and altered differentiation, proliferative, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways. In functional assays, CUX1 maintained HSC quiescence and repressed proliferation. These homeostatic changes occurred in parallel with decreased expression of the PI3K inhibitor, Pik3ip1, and elevated PI3K/AKT signaling upon CUX1 knockdown. Our data support a model wherein CUX1 knockdown promotes PI3K signaling, drives HSC exit from quiescence and proliferation, and results in HSC exhaustion. Our results also demonstrate that reduction of a single 7q gene, Cux1, is sufficient to cause MDS in mice.
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18
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Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses nutrients and growth factors to coordinate cell growth, metabolism and autophagy. Extensive research has mapped the signaling pathways regulated by mTOR that are involved in human diseases, such as cancer, and in diabetes and ageing. Recently, however, new studies have demonstrated important roles for mTOR in promoting the differentiation of adult stem cells, driving the growth and proliferation of stem and progenitor cells, and dictating the differentiation program of multipotent stem cell populations. Here, we review these advances, providing an overview of mTOR signaling and its role in murine and human stem and progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Meng
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Anderson R Frank
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jenna L Jewell
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA .,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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19
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Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase-A (ITPKA) is frequently over-expressed and functions as an oncogene in several tumor types. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 137:1-9. [PMID: 28377279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
At present targeted tumor therapy is based on inhibition of proteins or protein mutants that are up-regulated in tumor but not in corresponding normal cells. The actin bundling Inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase A (ITPKA) belongs to such molecular targets. ITPKA is expressed in a broad range of tumor types but shows limited expression in normal cells. In lung and breast cancer expression of ITPKA is stimulated by gene body methylation which increases with increasing malignancy of these tumors but is not detectable in the corresponding normal tissues. Since ITPKA gene body methylation occurs early in tumor development, it could serve as biomarker for early detection of lung cancer. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed that down-regulation of ITPKA in lung adenocarcinoma cancers reduced both, tumor growth and metastasis. It is assumed that tumor growth is stimulated by the InsP3Kinase activity of ITPKA and metastasis by its actin bundling activity. A selective inhibitor against the InsP3Kinase activity of ITPKA has been identified but compounds inhibiting the actin bundling activity are not available yet. Since no curative therapy option for metastatic lung or breast tumors exist, therapies that block activities of ITPKA may offer new options for patients with these tumors. Thus, efforts should be made to develop clinical drugs that selectively target InsP3Kinase activity as well as actin bundling activity of ITPKA.
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20
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Ghosh J, Kapur R. Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Leukemia Maintenance by the PI3K-mTORC1 Pathway. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-016-0067-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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21
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LECT2 drives haematopoietic stem cell expansion and mobilization via regulating the macrophages and osteolineage cells. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12719. [PMID: 27596364 PMCID: PMC5025878 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can differentiate into cells of all lineages in the blood. However, the mechanisms by which cytokines in the blood affect HSC homeostasis remain largely unknown. Here we show that leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), a multifunctional cytokine, induces HSC expansion and mobilization. Recombinant LECT2 administration results in HSC expansion in the bone marrow and mobilization to the blood via CD209a. The effect of LECT2 on HSCs is reduced after specific depletion of macrophages or reduction of osteolineage cells. LECT2 treatment reduces the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) expression in macrophages and osteolineage cells. In TNF knockout mice, the effect of LECT2 on HSCs is reduced. Moreover, LECT2 induces HSC mobilization in irradiated mice, while granulocyte colony-stimulating factor does not. Our results illustrate that LECT2 is an extramedullar cytokine that contributes to HSC homeostasis and may be useful to induce HSC mobilization.
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22
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Rae DT, Hocum JD, Bii V, Deeg HJ, Trobridge GD. A novel retroviral mutagenesis screen identifies prognostic genes in RUNX1 mediated myeloid leukemogenesis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:30664-74. [PMID: 26384344 PMCID: PMC4741560 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a novel retroviral shuttle vector approach we identified genes that collaborate with a patient derived RUNX1 (AML1) mutant. RUNX1 mutations occurs in 40% of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). MDS are a group of hematopoietic stem cell disorders that are characterized by dysplasia that often progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Our goal was to identify genes dysregulated by vector-mediated genotoxicity that may collaborate with the RUNX1 mutant (D171N). D171N expressing cells have a survival and engraftment disadvantage and require additional genetic lesions to survive and persist. By dysregulating genes near the integrated vector provirus, the shuttle vector can promote transformation of D171N cells and tag the nearby genes that collaborate with D171N. In our approach, a gammaretroviral shuttle vector that expresses D171N is used to transduce CD105+, Sca-1+ mouse bone marrow. Mutagenized cells are expanded in liquid culture and vector integration sites from surviving cells are then identified using a retroviral shuttle vector approach. We repeatedly recovered integrated vector proviruses near genes (Itpkb, Ccdc12, and Nbeal2). To assess the prognostic significance of the genes identified we examined differential expression, overall survival, and relapse free survival of AML patients with alteration in the genes identified using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) AML data set. We found that ITPKB functions as an independent factor for poor prognoses and RUNX1 mutations in conjunction with ITPKB, CCDC12, and NBEAL2 have prognostic potential in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin T Rae
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Jonah D Hocum
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Victor Bii
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - H Joachim Deeg
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Grant D Trobridge
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, Spokane, WA, USA.,School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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23
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24
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Pten Cell Autonomously Modulates the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Response to Inflammatory Cytokines. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 6:806-814. [PMID: 27185281 PMCID: PMC4911494 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pten negatively regulates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and is required to maintain quiescent adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Pten has been proposed to regulate HSCs cell autonomously and non-cell autonomously, but the relative importance of each mechanism has not been directly tested. Furthermore, the cytokines that activate the PI3K pathway upstream of Pten are not well defined. We sought to clarify whether Pten cell autonomously or non-cell autonomously regulates HSC mobilization. We also tested whether Pten deficiency affects the HSC response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interferon-α (IFNα) since these cytokines induce HSC mobilization or proliferation, respectively. We show that Pten regulates HSC mobilization and expansion in the spleen primarily via cell-autonomous mechanisms. Pten-deficient HSCs do not require G-CSF to mobilize, although they are hyper-sensitized to even low doses of exogenous G-CSF. Pten-deficient HSCs are similarly sensitized to IFNα. Pten therefore modulates the HSC response to inflammatory cytokines.
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25
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Westernberg L, Conche C, Huang YH, Rigaud S, Deng Y, Siegemund S, Mukherjee S, Nosaka L, Das J, Sauer K. Non-canonical antagonism of PI3K by the kinase Itpkb delays thymocyte β-selection and renders it Notch-dependent. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 26880557 PMCID: PMC4764578 DOI: 10.7554/elife.10786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
β-selection is the most pivotal event determining αβ T cell fate. Here, surface-expression of a pre-T cell receptor (pre-TCR) induces thymocyte metabolic activation, proliferation, survival and differentiation. Besides the pre-TCR, β-selection also requires co-stimulatory signals from Notch receptors - key cell fate determinants in eukaryotes. Here, we show that this Notch-dependence is established through antagonistic signaling by the pre-TCR/Notch effector, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and by inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (Itpkb). Canonically, PI3K is counteracted by the lipid-phosphatases Pten and Inpp5d/SHIP-1. In contrast, Itpkb dampens pre-TCR induced PI3K/Akt signaling by producing IP4, a soluble antagonist of the Akt-activating PI3K-product PIP3. Itpkb-/- thymocytes are pre-TCR hyperresponsive, hyperactivate Akt, downstream mTOR and metabolism, undergo an accelerated β-selection and can develop to CD4+CD8+ cells without Notch. This is reversed by inhibition of Akt, mTOR or glucose metabolism. Thus, non-canonical PI3K-antagonism by Itpkb restricts pre-TCR induced metabolic activation to enforce coincidence-detection of pre-TCR expression and Notch-engagement. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10786.001 T cells defend our body against cancer and infectious agents such as viruses. However, they can also cause rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases by attacking healthy tissue. T cells recognize target cells via receptor proteins on their surface. To maximize the variety of infections and cancers our immune system can recognize, we generate millions of T cells with different T cell receptors every day. To ensure T cells work correctly, T cell receptors are tested at various checkpoints. The first checkpoint involves a process called beta (β) selection, during which T cells produce their first T cell receptor – the so-called pre-T cell receptor. This receptor causes T cells to divide and mature, and sets their future identity or “fate”. To complete β-selection, T cells must also receive signals from another surface receptor – one that belongs to the Notch family, which determines cell fate in many different tissues. The Notch receptor and the pre-T cell receptor both activate an enzyme called PI3K – a key mediator of β-selection. But the pre-T cell receptor also activates another enzyme called Itpkb that is required for T cell development. Westernberg, Conche et al. have now investigated how these different proteins and signaling processes work and interact during β-selection, using mice that lack several immune genes, including the gene that produces Itpkb. The results of the experiments show that during β-selection, Itpkb limits the ability of PI3K to activate some of its key target proteins. This “dampened” PI3K signaling ensures that both the pre-T cell receptor and the Notch receptor must be activated to trigger T cell maturation. Without Itpkb, β-selection can occur in the absence of Notch signaling. As Notch signaling is important for determining the fate of many different cell types, Westernberg, Conche et al.’s findings raise the possibility that Itpkb might also regulate cell fate determination in other tissues. Moreover, Itpkb may suppress tumor development, because excessive PI3K signaling drives many cancers. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10786.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Westernberg
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Claire Conche
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yina Hsing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, United States.,Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, United States
| | - Stephanie Rigaud
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yisong Deng
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Sabine Siegemund
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Sayak Mukherjee
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States.,Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States.,Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Lyn'Al Nosaka
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Jayajit Das
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States.,Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States.,Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Karsten Sauer
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
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Erneux C, Ghosh S, Koenig S. Inositol(1,4,5)P3 3-kinase isoenzymes: Catalytic properties and importance of targeting to F-actin to understand function. Adv Biol Regul 2016; 60:135-143. [PMID: 26446452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Inositol(1,4,5)trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3) 3-kinases (Itpks) catalyze the phosphorylation of inositol(1,4,5)trisphosphate into inositol(1,3,4,5)tetrakisphosphate (Ins(1,3,4,5)P4). Three isoenzymes Itpka/b and c have been identified in human, rat and mouse. They share a catalytic domain relatively well conserved at the C-terminal end and a quite isoenzyme specific regulatory domain at the N-terminal end of the protein. Activity determined in cell homogenates with Ins(1,4,5)P3 and ATP as substrate is generally very low compared to Ins(1,4,5)P3 5-phosphatase, except in a few tissues such as brain, testis, thymus or intestine. Activity is very much Ca(2+) sensitive and increased in the presence of Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM) as compared to EGTA alone. When challenged after receptor activation, activity could be further activated several fold, e.g. in rat brain cortical slices stimulated by carbachol or in human astrocytoma cells stimulated by purinergic agonists. Two of the three isoenzymes show an unexpected cytoskeletal localization for Itpka/b or at the leading edge for Itpkb. This is explained by the presence of an F-actin binding site at the N-terminal part of the two isoenzymes. This interaction confers to Itpka the properties of an F-actin bundling protein with two major consequences: i) it can reorganize the cytoskeletal network, particularly in dendritic spines, and ii) can provide an opportunity for Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 to act very locally as second messenger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Erneux
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, Bldg C, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Somadri Ghosh
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, Bldg C, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Koenig
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, Bldg C, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Bradley SJ, Suarez-Fueyo A, Moss DR, Kyttaris VC, Tsokos GC. T Cell Transcriptomes Describe Patient Subtypes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141171. [PMID: 26544975 PMCID: PMC4636226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T cells regulate the adaptive immune response and have altered function in autoimmunity. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) has great diversity of presentation and treatment response. Peripheral blood component gene expression affords an efficient platform to investigate SLE immune dysfunction and help guide diagnostic biomarker development for patient stratification. Methods Gene expression in peripheral blood T cell samples for 14 SLE patients and 4 controls was analyzed by high depth sequencing. Unbiased clustering of genes and samples revealed novel patterns related to disease etiology. Functional annotation of these genes highlights pathways and protein domains involved in SLE manifestation. Results We found transcripts for hundreds of genes consistently altered in SLE T cell samples, for which DAVID analysis highlights induction of pathways related to mitochondria, nucleotide metabolism and DNA replication. Fewer genes had reduced mRNA expression, and these were linked to signaling, splicing and transcriptional activity. Gene signatures associated with the presence of dsDNA antibodies, low complement levels and nephritis were detected. T cell gene expression also indicates the presence of several patient subtypes, such as having only a minimal expression phenotype, male type, or severe with or without induction of genes related to membrane protein production. Conclusions Unbiased transcriptome analysis of a peripheral blood component provides insight on autoimmune pathophysiology and patient variability. We present an open source workflow and richly annotated dataset to support investigation of T cell biology, develop biomarkers for patient stratification and perhaps help indicate a source of SLE immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J. Bradley
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SJB); (GCT)
| | - Abel Suarez-Fueyo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David R. Moss
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vasileios C. Kyttaris
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - George C. Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SJB); (GCT)
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Sauer K, Okkenhaug K. Editorial: Lipid Signaling in T Cell Development and Function. Front Immunol 2015; 6:410. [PMID: 26322043 PMCID: PMC4530596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Sauer
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
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