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Javanshir E, Ebrahimi ZJ, Mirzohreh ST, Ghaffari S, Banisefid E, Alamdari NM, Roshanravan N. Disparity of gene expression in coronary artery disease: insights from MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:712. [PMID: 38824221 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09657-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary artery disease (CAD) in young adults can have devastating consequences. The cardiac developmental gene MEIS1 plays important roles in vascular networks and heart development. This gene effects on the regeneration capacity of the heart. Considering role of MEIS1 in cardiac tissue development and the progression of myocardial infarction this study investigated the expression levels of the MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin genes in premature CAD patients compared to healthy subjects and evaluated the relationships between these genes and possible inflammatory factors. METHODS AND RESULTS The study conducted a case-control design involving 35 CAD patients and 35 healthy individuals. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected, and gene expression analysis was performed using real-time PCR. Compared with control group, the number of PBMCs in the CAD group exhibited greater MEIS1 and HIRA gene expression, with fold changes of 2.45 and 3.6. The expression of MEIS1 exhibited a negative correlation with IL-10 (r= -0.312) expression and positive correlation with Interleukin (IL)-6 (r = 0.415) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (r = 0.534) gene expression. Moreover, there was an inverse correlation between the gene expression of HIRA and that of IL-10 (r= -0.326), and a positive correlation was revealed between the expression of this gene and that of the IL-6 (r = 0.453) and TNF-α (r = 0.572) genes. CONCLUSION This research demonstrated a disparity in expression levels of MEIS1, HIRA, and Myocardin, between CAD and healthy subjects. The results showed that, MEIS1 and HIRA play significant roles in regulating the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, namely, TNF-α and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Javanshir
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Erfan Banisefid
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Neda Roshanravan
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Karsa M, Xiao L, Ronca E, Bongers A, Spurling D, Karsa A, Cantilena S, Mariana A, Failes TW, Arndt GM, Cheung LC, Kotecha RS, Sutton R, Lock RB, Williams O, de Boer J, Haber M, Norris MD, Henderson MJ, Somers K. FDA-approved disulfiram as a novel treatment for aggressive leukemia. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:507-519. [PMID: 38349407 PMCID: PMC10963497 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Acute leukemia continues to be a major cause of death from disease worldwide and current chemotherapeutic agents are associated with significant morbidity in survivors. While better and safer treatments for acute leukemia are urgently needed, standard drug development pipelines are lengthy and drug repurposing therefore provides a promising approach. Our previous evaluation of FDA-approved drugs for their antileukemic activity identified disulfiram, used for the treatment of alcoholism, as a candidate hit compound. This study assessed the biological effects of disulfiram on leukemia cells and evaluated its potential as a treatment strategy. We found that disulfiram inhibits the viability of a diverse panel of acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia cell lines (n = 16) and patient-derived xenograft cells from patients with poor outcome and treatment-resistant disease (n = 15). The drug induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in leukemia cells within hours of treatment and was able to potentiate the effects of daunorubicin, etoposide, topotecan, cytarabine, and mitoxantrone chemotherapy. Upon combining disulfiram with auranofin, a drug approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis that was previously shown to exert antileukemic effects, strong and consistent synergy was observed across a diverse panel of acute leukemia cell lines, the mechanism of which was based on enhanced ROS induction. Acute leukemia cells were more sensitive to the cytotoxic activity of disulfiram than solid cancer cell lines and non-malignant cells. While disulfiram is currently under investigation in clinical trials for solid cancers, this study provides evidence for the potential of disulfiram for acute leukemia treatment. KEY MESSAGES: Disulfiram induces rapid apoptosis in leukemia cells by boosting oxidative stress. Disulfiram inhibits leukemia cell growth more potently than solid cancer cell growth. Disulfiram can enhance the antileukemic efficacy of chemotherapies. Disulfiram strongly synergises with auranofin in killing acute leukemia cells by ROS induction. We propose testing of disulfiram in clinical trial for patients with acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mawar Karsa
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lin Xiao
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma Ronca
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Angelika Bongers
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dayna Spurling
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ayu Karsa
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sandra Cantilena
- Cancer Section, Development Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Anna Mariana
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- ACRF Drug Discovery Centre for Childhood Cancer, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim W Failes
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- ACRF Drug Discovery Centre for Childhood Cancer, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Greg M Arndt
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- ACRF Drug Discovery Centre for Childhood Cancer, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laurence C Cheung
- Leukemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rishi S Kotecha
- Leukemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
- Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rosemary Sutton
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Owen Williams
- Cancer Section, Development Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Jasper de Boer
- Cancer Section, Development Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michelle J Henderson
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Klaartje Somers
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Targeting Redox Regulation as a Therapeutic Opportunity against Acute Leukemia: Pro-Oxidant Strategy or Antioxidant Approach? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091696. [PMID: 36139768 PMCID: PMC9495346 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox adaptation is essential for human health, as the physiological quantities of non-radical reactive oxygen species operate as the main second messengers to regulate normal redox reactions by controlling several sensors. An abnormal increase reactive oxygen species, called oxidative stress, induces biological injury. For this reason, variations in oxidative stress continue to receive consideration as a possible approach to treat leukemic diseases. However, the intricacy of redox reactions and their effects might be a relevant obstacle; consequently, and alongside approaches aimed at increasing oxidative stress in neoplastic cells, antioxidant strategies have also been suggested for the same purpose. The present review focuses on the molecular processes of anomalous oxidative stress in acute myeloid and acute lymphoblastic leukemias as well as on the oxidative stress-determined pathways implicated in leukemogenic development. Furthermore, we review the effect of chemotherapies on oxidative stress and the possibility that their pharmacological effects might be increased by modifying the intracellular redox equilibrium through a pro-oxidant approach or an antioxidant strategy. Finally, we evaluated the prospect of varying oxidative stress as an efficacious modality to destroy chemoresistant cells using new methodologies. Altering redox conditions may be advantageous for inhibiting genomic variability and the eradication of leukemic clones will promote the treatment of leukemic disease.
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MOZ is critical for the development of MOZ/MLL-fusion-induced leukemia through regulation of Hoxa9/Meis1 expression. Blood Adv 2022; 6:5527-5537. [PMID: 35947126 PMCID: PMC9577624 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytic leukemia zinc finger protein (MOZ, MYST3, or KAT6A) is a MYST-type acetyltransferase involved in chromosomal translocation in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome. MOZ is established as essential for hematopoiesis; however, the role of MOZ in AML has not been addressed. We propose that MOZ is critical for AML development induced by MLL-AF9, MLL-AF10, or MOZ-TIF2 fusions. Moz-deficient hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) transduced with an MLL-AF10 fusion gene neither formed colonies in methylcellulose nor induced AML in mice. Moz-deficient HSPCs bearing MLL-AF9 also generated significantly reduced colony and cell numbers. Moz-deficient HSPCs expressing MOZ-TIF2 could form colonies in vitro but could not induce AML in mice. By contrast, Moz was dispensable for colony formation by HOXA9-transduced cells and AML development caused by HOXA9 and MEIS1, suggesting a specific requirement for MOZ in AML induced by MOZ/MLL fusions. Expression of the Hoxa9 and Meis1 genes was decreased in Moz-deficient MLL fusion-expressing cells, while expression of Meis1, but not Hoxa9, was reduced in Moz-deficient MOZ-TIF2 AML cells. AML development induced by MOZ-TIF2 was rescued by introducing Meis1 into Moz-deficient cells carrying MOZ-TIF2. Meis1 deletion impaired MOZ-TIF2–mediated AML development. Active histone modifications were also severely reduced at the Meis1 locus in Moz-deficient MOZ-TIF2 and MLL-AF9 AML cells. These results suggest that endogenous MOZ is critical for MOZ/MLL fusion-induced AML development and maintains active chromatin signatures at target gene loci. MOZ is critical for MOZ/MLL fusion-mediated AML development, Meis1 induction by MOZ fusions, and Hoxa9/Meis1 induction by MLL fusions. Endogenous MOZ is required to maintain MOZ-target and active histone modifications at the Meis1 gene locus.
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Jin Y, Wang J, Zhao M, Lin J, Hong L. Myeloid ecotropic viral integration site-1 inhibition promotes apoptosis, suppresses proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cells, accentuates the effects of anticancer drugs. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5700-5708. [PMID: 35212611 PMCID: PMC8974192 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2000725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of myeloid ecotropic viral integration site-1 (MEIS1) on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and the anticancer effects of the drug, we screened Kasumi-6, KG-1, and Kasumi-1 cells using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Kasumi-6 and Kasumi-1 cells were subjected to human antigen R (HuR)-mediated interference (IV). Hexokinase 2 (HK2) expression and phosphorylation of protein kinase B (p-AKT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) were observed with Western blotting. Cell proliferation was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8, apoptosis was examined using Hoechst 33,258 staining, and glucose uptake was detected with a colorimetric biochemical assay kit. We found that, among the three cell lines tested, MEIS1 expression was highest in Kasumi-1 cells, which were therefore selected for subsequent experiments. Kasumi-1 cells receiving IV showed significantly decreased proliferation (p < 0.05) and increased apoptosis compared to the control group. Compared with the controls, IV significantly increased the expression of HK2, p-AKT, p-mTOR, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 and P-glycoprotein (P < 0.05), but decreased glucose uptake. Treatment with adriamycin, daunorubicin and imatinib resulted in a progressive increase in inhibition of cell proliferation, with the IV group showing the highest inhibition rate among the three groups (P < 0.05). Thus, inhibition of MEIS1 activity promoted apoptosis, inhibited the proliferation of Kasumi-1 and Kasumi-6 cells, and increaseed the anticancer effect of the drugs, suggesting that inhibition of MEIS1 may be a potential strategy for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglan Jin
- Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatism, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingyi Lin
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatism, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Luojia Hong
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatism, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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6
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Transcription factor Meis1 act as a new regulator of ischemic arrhythmias in mice. J Adv Res 2021; 39:275-289. [PMID: 35777912 PMCID: PMC9263651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduction of Meis1 after MI leads to an increased susceptibility to arrhythmia. Meis1 deficiency is related to ubiquitination proteasome pathway mediated by CDC20. Meis1 acts as a new transcription activator for SCN5A in cardiomyocytes. After Meis1 recovery, the electrophysiological function in cardiomyocytes are improved. Meis1 is a new target for the treatment of arrhythmia after myocardial infarction.
Introduction Objectives Methods Results Conclusion
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7
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Ramakrishnan R, Peña-Martínez P, Agarwal P, Rodriguez-Zabala M, Chapellier M, Högberg C, Eriksson M, Yudovich D, Shah M, Ehinger M, Nilsson B, Larsson J, Hagström-Andersson A, Ebert BL, Bhatia R, Järås M. CXCR4 Signaling Has a CXCL12-Independent Essential Role in Murine MLL-AF9-Driven Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107684. [PMID: 32460032 PMCID: PMC8109054 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is defined by an accumulation of immature myeloid blasts in the bone marrow. To identify key dependencies of AML stem cells in vivo, here we use a CRISPR-Cas9 screen targeting cell surface genes in a syngeneic MLL-AF9 AML mouse model and show that CXCR4 is a top cell surface regulator of AML cell growth and survival. Deletion of Cxcr4 in AML cells eradicates leukemia cells in vivo without impairing their homing to the bone marrow. In contrast, the CXCR4 ligand CXCL12 is dispensable for leukemia development in recipient mice. Moreover, expression of mutated Cxcr4 variants reveals that CXCR4 signaling is essential for leukemia cells. Notably, loss of CXCR4 signaling in leukemia cells leads to oxidative stress and differentiation in vivo. Taken together, our results identify CXCR4 signaling as essential for AML stem cells by protecting them from differentiation independent of CXCL12 stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Puneet Agarwal
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | | | | | - Carl Högberg
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | - Mia Eriksson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | - David Yudovich
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | - Mansi Shah
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Mats Ehinger
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | - Björn Nilsson
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | - Jonas Larsson
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | | | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ravi Bhatia
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Marcus Järås
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden.
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Chen J, Liu A, Lin Z, Wang B, Chai X, Chen S, Lu W, Zheng M, Cao T, Zhong M, Li R, Wu M, Lu Z, Pang W, Huang W, Xiao L, Lin D, Wang Z, Lei F, Chen X, Long W, Zheng Y, Chen Q, Zeng J, Ren D, Li J, Zhang X, Huang Y. Downregulation of the circadian rhythm regulator HLF promotes multiple-organ distant metastases in non-small cell lung cancer through PPAR/NF-κb signaling. Cancer Lett 2020; 482:56-71. [PMID: 32289442 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death due to its early recurrence and widespread metastatic potential. Accumulating studies have reported that dysregulation of circadian rhythms-associated regulators is implicated in the recurrence and metastasis of NSCLC. Therefore, identification of metastasis-associated circadian rhythm genes is clinically necessary. Here we report that the circadian gene hepatic leukemia factor (HLF), which was dramatically reduced in early-relapsed NSCLC tissues, was significantly correlated with early progression and distant metastasis in NSCLC patients. Upregulating HLF inhibited, while silencing HLF promoted lung colonization, as well as metastasis of NSCLC cells to bone, liver and brain in vivo. Importantly, downexpression of HLF promoted anaerobic metabolism to support anchorage-independent growth of NSCLC cells under low nutritional condition by activating NF-κB/p65 signaling through disrupting translocation of PPARα and PPARγ. Further investigations revealed that both genetic deletion and methylation contribute to downexpression of HLF in NSCLC tissues. In conclusion, our results shed light on a plausible mechanism by which HLF inhibits distant metastasis in NSCLC, suggesting that HLF may serve as a novel target for clinical intervention in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Chen
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China; Department of Oncology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Aibin Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhichao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Xingxing Chai
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; Laboratory Animal Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Wenjie Lu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Meigong Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangmen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Ronggang Li
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Minyan Wu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medical College, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Zhuming Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Wenguang Pang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Wenhai Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Daren Lin
- Department of Oncology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Fangyong Lei
- Department of Oncology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Xiangmeng Chen
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Wansheng Long
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Research and Development, Research and Development Center for Molecular Diagnosis Engineering Technology of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Related Diseases of Guangdong Province, Hybribio Limited, Changzhou, 521021, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jincheng Zeng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Dong Ren
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jun Li
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Yanming Huang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China.
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A 5-Gene Signature Is Closely Related to Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Predicts the Prognosis of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2147397. [PMID: 31998783 PMCID: PMC6975218 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2147397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Establishing prognostic gene signature to predict clinical outcomes and guide individualized adjuvant therapy is necessary. Here, we aim to establish the prognostic efficacy of a gene signature that is closely related to tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Methods and Results There are 13,035 gene expression profiles from 130 tumor samples of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the data set GSE103584. A 5-gene signature was identified by using univariate survival analysis and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to build risk models. Then, we used the CIBERSORT method to quantify the relative levels of different immune cell types in complex gene expression mixtures. It was found that the ratio of dendritic cells (DCs) activated and mast cells (MCs) resting in the low-risk group was higher than that in the high-risk group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001 and P=0.03). Pathway enrichment results which were obtained by performing Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) showed that the high-risk group identified by the 5-gene signature had metastatic-related gene expression, resulting in lower survival rates. Kaplan–Meier survival results showed that patients of the high-risk group had shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than those of the low-risk group in the training set (P=0.0012 and P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the gene signature were better and more sensitive to prognosis than TNM (tumor/lymph node/metastasis) staging, in spite of being not statistically significant (P=0.154). Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier survival showed that patients of the high-risk group had shorter OS and PFS than those of the low-risk group (P=0.0035, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001) in the validating set (GSE31210, GSE41271, and TCGA). At last, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to evaluate independent prognostic factors associated with survival, and the gene signature, lymphovascular invasion, pleural invasion, chemotherapy, and radiation were employed as covariates. The 5-gene signature was identified as an independent predictor of patient survival in the presence of clinical parameters in univariate and multivariate analyses (P < 0.001) (hazard ratio (HR): 3.93, 95% confidence interval CI (2.17–7.1), P=0.001, (HR) 5.18, 95% CI (2.6995–9.945), P < 0.001), respectively. Our 5-gene signature was also related to EGFR mutations (P=0.0111), and EGFR mutations were mainly enriched in low-risk group, indicating that EGFR mutations affect the survival rate of patients. Conclusion The 5-gene signature is a powerful and independent predictor that could predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients. In addition, our gene signature is correlated with TIME parameters, such as DCs activated and MCs resting. Our findings suggest that the 5-gene signature closely related to TIME could predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients and provide some reference for immunotherapy.
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10
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Somers K, Wen VW, Middlemiss SMC, Osborne B, Forgham H, Jung M, Karsa M, Clifton M, Bongers A, Gao J, Mayoh C, Raoufi-Rad N, Kusnadi EP, Hannan KM, Scott DA, Kwek A, Liu B, Flemming C, Chudakova DA, Pandher R, Failes TW, Lim J, Angeli A, Osterman AL, Imamura T, Kees UR, Supuran CT, Pearson RB, Hannan RD, Davis TP, McCarroll J, Kavallaris M, Turner N, Gudkov AV, Haber M, Norris MD, Henderson MJ. A novel small molecule that kills a subset of MLL-rearranged leukemia cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Oncogene 2019; 38:3824-3842. [PMID: 30670779 PMCID: PMC6756102 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0666-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Survival rates for pediatric patients suffering from mixed lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged leukemia remain below 50% and more targeted, less toxic therapies are urgently needed. A screening method optimized to discover cytotoxic compounds selective for MLL-rearranged leukemia identified CCI-006 as a novel inhibitor of MLL-rearranged and CALM-AF10 translocated leukemias that share common leukemogenic pathways. CCI-006 inhibited mitochondrial respiration and induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and apoptosis in a subset (7/11, 64%) of MLL-rearranged leukemia cell lines within a few hours of treatment. The unresponsive MLL-rearranged leukemia cells did not undergo mitochondrial membrane depolarization or apoptosis despite a similar attenuation of mitochondrial respiration by the compound. In comparison to the sensitive cells, the unresponsive MLL-rearranged leukemia cells were characterized by a more glycolytic metabolic phenotype, exemplified by a more pronounced sensitivity to glycolysis inhibitors and elevated HIF1α expression. Silencing of HIF1α expression sensitized an intrinsically unresponsive MLL-rearranged leukemia cell to CCI-006, indicating that this pathway plays a role in determining sensitivity to the compound. In addition, unresponsive MLL-rearranged leukemia cells expressed increased levels of MEIS1, an important leukemogenic MLL target gene that plays a role in regulating metabolic phenotype through HIF1α. MEIS1 expression was also variable in a pediatric MLL-rearranged ALL patient dataset, highlighting the existence of a previously undescribed metabolic variability in MLL-rearranged leukemia that may contribute to the heterogeneity of the disease. This study thus identified a novel small molecule that rapidly kills MLL-rearranged leukemia cells by targeting a metabolic vulnerability in a subset of low HIF1α/low MEIS1-expressing MLL-rearranged leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaartje Somers
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Victoria W Wen
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Shiloh M C Middlemiss
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Brenna Osborne
- Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Forgham
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - MoonSun Jung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Mawar Karsa
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Molly Clifton
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Angelika Bongers
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Jixuan Gao
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Newsha Raoufi-Rad
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Eric P Kusnadi
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate M Hannan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra City, ACT, Australia
| | - David A Scott
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Alan Kwek
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Claudia Flemming
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Daria A Chudakova
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruby Pandher
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim W Failes
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,ACRF Drug Discovery Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Lim
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrei L Osterman
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Toshihiko Imamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ursula R Kees
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | | | - Ross D Hannan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra City, ACT, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warrick, Coventry, UK
| | - Joshua McCarroll
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrei V Gudkov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Oncotartis, Inc., Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,UNSW Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle J Henderson
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
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11
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Zhang J, Lei W, Chen X, Wang S, Qian W. Oxidative stress response induced by chemotherapy in leukemia treatment. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 8:391-399. [PMID: 29599981 PMCID: PMC5867396 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has been linked to the etiology and development of leukemia as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals have been implicated in leukemogenesis. OS has beneficial and deleterious effects in the pathogenesis and progression of leukemia. High-dose chemotherapy, which is frequently used in leukemia treatment, is often accompanied by ROS-induced cytotoxicity. Thus, the utilization of chemotherapy in combination with antioxidants may attenuate leukemia progression, particularly for cases of refractory or relapsed neoplasms. The present review focuses on exploring the roles of OS in leukemogenesis and characterizing the associations between ROS and chemotherapy. Certain examples of treatment regimens wherein antioxidants are combined with chemotherapy are presented, in order to highlight the importance of antioxidant application in leukemia treatment, as well as the conflicting opinions regarding this method of therapy. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of OS generation will facilitate the elucidation of novel approaches to leukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, P.R. China
| | - Wen Lei
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Shibing Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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12
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Wahlestedt M, Ladopoulos V, Hidalgo I, Sanchez Castillo M, Hannah R, Säwén P, Wan H, Dudenhöffer-Pfeifer M, Magnusson M, Norddahl GL, Göttgens B, Bryder D. Critical Modulation of Hematopoietic Lineage Fate by Hepatic Leukemia Factor. Cell Rep 2017; 21:2251-2263. [PMID: 29166614 PMCID: PMC5714592 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A gradual restriction in lineage potential of multipotent stem/progenitor cells is a hallmark of adult hematopoiesis, but the underlying molecular events governing these processes remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified robust expression of the leukemia-associated transcription factor hepatic leukemia factor (Hlf) in normal multipotent hematopoietic progenitors, which was rapidly downregulated upon differentiation. Interference with its normal downregulation revealed Hlf as a strong negative regulator of lymphoid development, while remaining compatible with myeloid fates. Reciprocally, we observed rapid lymphoid commitment upon reduced Hlf activity. The arising phenotypes resulted from Hlf binding to active enhancers of myeloid-competent cells, transcriptional induction of myeloid, and ablation of lymphoid gene programs, with Hlf induction of nuclear factor I C (Nfic) as a functionally relevant target gene. Thereby, our studies establish Hlf as a key regulator of the earliest lineage-commitment events at the transition from multipotency to lineage-restricted progeny, with implications for both normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wahlestedt
- Lund University, Medical Faculty, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Division of Molecular Hematology, Klinikgatan 26, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Vasileios Ladopoulos
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Isabel Hidalgo
- Lund University, Medical Faculty, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Division of Molecular Hematology, Klinikgatan 26, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Manuel Sanchez Castillo
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Rebecca Hannah
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Petter Säwén
- Lund University, Medical Faculty, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Division of Molecular Hematology, Klinikgatan 26, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Haixia Wan
- Lund University, Medical Faculty, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Division of Molecular Hematology, Klinikgatan 26, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Monika Dudenhöffer-Pfeifer
- Lund University, Medical Faculty, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Division of Molecular Hematology, Klinikgatan 26, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mattias Magnusson
- Lund University, Lund Stem Cell Center, Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Sölvegatan 17, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Gudmundur L Norddahl
- Lund University, Medical Faculty, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Division of Molecular Hematology, Klinikgatan 26, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge University, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - David Bryder
- Lund University, Medical Faculty, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Division of Molecular Hematology, Klinikgatan 26, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; StemTherapy, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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13
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A knock-in mouse strain facilitates dynamic tracking and enrichment of MEIS1. Blood Adv 2017; 1:2225-2235. [PMID: 29296870 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2017010355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1 (MEIS1), a HOX transcription cofactor, is a critical regulator of normal hematopoiesis, and its overexpression is implicated in a wide range of leukemias. Using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein-9 (Cas9) gene-editing system, we generated a knock-in transgenic mouse line in which a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter and a hemagglutinin (HA) epitope tag are inserted near the translational start site of endogenous Meis1. This novel reporter strain readily enables tracking of MEIS1 expression at single-cell-level resolution via the fluorescence reporter GFP, and facilitates MEIS1 detection and purification via the HA epitope tag. This new Meis1 reporter mouse line provides powerful new approaches to track Meis1-expressing hematopoietic cells and to explore Meis1 function and regulation during normal and leukemic hematopoiesis.
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14
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Zhang J, Geng Y, Guo F, Zhang F, Liu M, Song L, Ma Y, Li D, Zhang Y, Xu H, Yang H. Screening and identification of critical transcription factors involved in the protection of cardiomyocytes against hydrogen peroxide-induced damage by Yixin-shu. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13867. [PMID: 29066842 PMCID: PMC5655617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress initiates harmful cellular responses, such as DNA damage and protein denaturation, triggering a series of cardiovascular disorders. Systematic investigations of the transcription factors (TFs) involved in oxidative stress can help reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms and facilitate the discovery of effective therapeutic targets in related diseases. In this study, an integrated strategy which integrated RNA-seq-based transcriptomics techniques and a newly developed concatenated tandem array of consensus TF response elements (catTFREs)-based proteomics approach and then combined with a network pharmacology analysis, was developed and this integrated strategy was used to investigate critical TFs in the protection of Yixin-shu (YXS), a standardized medical product used for ischaemic heart disease, against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced damage in cardiomyocytes. Importantly, YXS initiated biological process such as anti-apoptosis and DNA repair to protect cardiomyocytes from H2O2-induced damage. By using the integrated strategy, DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase (Apex1), pre B-cell leukemia transcription factor 3 (Pbx3), and five other TFs with their functions involved in anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis and DNA repair were identified. This study offers a new understanding of the mechanism underlying YXS-mediated protection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes and reveals novel targets for oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ya Geng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Fangbo Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Mingwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuexiang Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Defeng Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW HOXA9 is a homeodomain transcription factor that plays an essential role in normal hematopoiesis and acute leukemia, in which its overexpression is strongly correlated with poor prognosis. The present review highlights recent advances in the understanding of genetic alterations leading to deregulation of HOXA9 and the downstream mechanisms of HOXA9-mediated transformation. RECENT FINDINGS A variety of genetic alterations including MLL translocations, NUP98-fusions, NPM1 mutations, CDX deregulation, and MOZ-fusions lead to high-level HOXA9 expression in acute leukemias. The mechanisms resulting in HOXA9 overexpression are beginning to be defined and represent attractive therapeutic targets. Small molecules targeting MLL-fusion protein complex members, such as DOT1L and menin, have shown promising results in animal models, and a DOT1L inhibitor is currently being tested in clinical trials. Essential HOXA9 cofactors and collaborators are also being identified, including transcription factors PU.1 and C/EBPα, which are required for HOXA9-driven leukemia. HOXA9 targets including IGF1, CDX4, INK4A/INK4B/ARF, mir-21, and mir-196b and many others provide another avenue for potential drug development. SUMMARY HOXA9 deregulation underlies a large subset of aggressive acute leukemias. Understanding the mechanisms regulating the expression and activity of HOXA9, along with its critical downstream targets, shows promise for the development of more selective and effective leukemia therapies.
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16
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Zhu YM, Wang PP, Huang JY, Chen YS, Chen B, Dai YJ, Yan H, Hu Y, Cheng WY, Ma TT, Chen SJ, Shen Y. Gene mutational pattern and expression level in 560 acute myeloid leukemia patients and their clinical relevance. J Transl Med 2017; 15:178. [PMID: 28830460 PMCID: PMC5568401 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cytogenetic aberrations and gene mutations have long been regarded as independent prognostic markers in AML, both of which can lead to misexpression of some key genes related to hematopoiesis. It is believed that the expression level of the key genes is associated with the treatment outcome of AML. Methods In this study, we analyzed the clinical features and molecular aberrations of 560 newly diagnosed non-M3 AML patients, including mutational status of CEBPA, NPM1, FLT3, C-KIT, NRAS, WT1, DNMT3A, MLL-PTD and IDH1/2, as well as expression levels of MECOM, ERG, GATA2, WT1, BAALC, MEIS1 and SPI1. Results Certain gene expression levels were associated with the cytogenetic aberration of the disease, especially for MECOM, MEIS1 and BAALC. FLT3, C-KIT and NRAS mutations contained conversed expression profile regarding MEIS1, WT1, GATA2 and BAALC expression, respectively. FLT3, DNMT3A, NPM1 and biallelic CEBPA represented the mutations associated with the prognosis of AML in our group. Higher MECOM and MEIS1 gene expression levels showed a significant impact on complete remission (CR) rate, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) both in univariate and multivariate analysis, respectively; and an additive effect could be observed. By systematically integrating gene mutational status results and gene expression profile, we could establish a more refined system to precisely subdivide AML patients into distinct prognostic groups. Conclusions Gene expression abnormalities contained important biological and clinical informations, and could be integrated into current AML stratification system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-017-1279-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Mei Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Pan-Pan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jin-Yan Huang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yun-Shuo Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yu-Jun Dai
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wen-Yan Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ting-Ting Ma
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Sai-Juan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, RuiJin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 RuiJin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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17
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Torres-Odio S, Key J, Hoepken HH, Canet-Pons J, Valek L, Roller B, Walter M, Morales-Gordo B, Meierhofer D, Harter PN, Mittelbronn M, Tegeder I, Gispert S, Auburger G. Progression of pathology in PINK1-deficient mouse brain from splicing via ubiquitination, ER stress, and mitophagy changes to neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:154. [PMID: 28768533 PMCID: PMC5541666 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PINK1 deficiency causes the autosomal recessive PARK6 variant of Parkinson’s disease. PINK1 activates ubiquitin by phosphorylation and cooperates with the downstream ubiquitin ligase PARKIN, to exert quality control and control autophagic degradation of mitochondria and of misfolded proteins in all cell types. Methods Global transcriptome profiling of mouse brain and neuron cultures were assessed in protein-protein interaction diagrams and by pathway enrichment algorithms. Validation by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunoblots was performed, including human neuroblastoma cells and patient primary skin fibroblasts. Results In a first approach, we documented Pink1-deleted mice across the lifespan regarding brain mRNAs. The expression changes were always subtle, consistently affecting “intracellular membrane-bounded organelles”. Significant anomalies involved about 250 factors at age 6 weeks, 1300 at 6 months, and more than 3500 at age 18 months in the cerebellar tissue, including Srsf10, Ube3a, Mapk8, Creb3, and Nfkbia. Initially, mildly significant pathway enrichment for the spliceosome was apparent. Later, highly significant networks of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and endoplasmic reticulum protein processing occurred. Finally, an enrichment of neuroinflammation factors appeared, together with profiles of bacterial invasion and MAPK signaling changes—while mitophagy had minor significance. Immunohistochemistry showed pronounced cellular response of Iba1-positive microglia and GFAP-positive astrocytes; brain lipidomics observed increases of ceramides as neuroinflammatory signs at old age. In a second approach, we assessed PINK1 deficiency in the presence of a stressor. Marked dysregulations of microbial defense factors Ifit3 and Rsad2 were consistently observed upon five analyses: (1) Pink1−/− primary neurons in the first weeks after brain dissociation, (2) aged Pink1−/− midbrain with transgenic A53T-alpha-synuclein overexpression, (3) human neuroblastoma cells with PINK1-knockdown and murine Pink1−/− embryonal fibroblasts undergoing acute starvation, (4) triggering mitophagy in these cells with trifluoromethoxy carbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone (FCCP), and (5) subjecting them to pathogenic RNA-analogue poly(I:C). The stress regulation of MAVS, RSAD2, DDX58, IFIT3, IFIT1, and LRRK2 was PINK1 dependent. Dysregulation of some innate immunity genes was also found in skin fibroblast cells from PARK6 patients. Conclusions Thus, an individual biomarker with expression correlating to progression was not identified. Instead, more advanced disease stages involved additional pathways. Hence, our results identify PINK1 deficiency as an early modulator of innate immunity in neurons, which precedes late stages of neuroinflammation during alpha-synuclein spreading. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0928-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Torres-Odio
- Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jana Key
- Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hans-Hermann Hoepken
- Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Júlia Canet-Pons
- Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lucie Valek
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bastian Roller
- Edinger-Institute (Institute of Neurology), Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Walter
- Institute for Medical Genetics, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Blas Morales-Gordo
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital San Cecilio, 18012, Granada, Spain
| | - David Meierhofer
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- Edinger-Institute (Institute of Neurology), Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Edinger-Institute (Institute of Neurology), Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology (LCNP), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Department of Pathology, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, NORLUX Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Irmgard Tegeder
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Suzana Gispert
- Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg Auburger
- Experimental Neurology, Goethe University Medical School, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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18
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Upregulation of CD11b and CD86 through LSD1 inhibition promotes myeloid differentiation and suppresses cell proliferation in human monocytic leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85085-85101. [PMID: 29156705 PMCID: PMC5689595 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
LSD1 (Lysine Specific Demethylase1)/KDM1A (Lysine Demethylase 1A), a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent histone H3K4/K9 demethylase, sustains oncogenic potential of leukemia stem cells in primary human leukemia cells. However, the pro-differentiation and anti-proliferation effects of LSD1 inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are not yet fully understood. Here, we report that small hairpin RNA (shRNA) mediated LSD1 inhibition causes a remarkable transcriptional activation of myeloid lineage marker genes (CD11b/ITGAM and CD86), reduction of cell proliferation and decrease of clonogenic ability of human AML cells. Cell surface expression of CD11b and CD86 is significantly and dynamically increased in human AML cells upon sustained LSD1 inhibition. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) analyses of histone marks revealed that there is a specific increase of H3K4me2 modification and an accompanied increase of H3K4me3 modification at the respective CD11b and CD86 promoter region, whereas the global H3K4me2 level remains constant. Consistently, inhibition of LSD1 in vivo significantly blocks tumor growth and induces a prominent increase of CD11b and CD86. Taken together, our results demonstrate the anti-tumor properties of LSD1 inhibition on human AML cell line and mouse xenograft model. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the LSD1 functions in controlling both differentiation and proliferation in AML.
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19
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Zhu Z, Xu L, Leung-Sang Tang N, Qin X, Feng Z, Sun W, Zhu W, Shi B, Liu P, Mao S, Qiao J, Liu Z, Sun X, Li F, Chun-Yiu Cheng J, Qiu Y. Genome-wide association study identifies novel susceptible loci and highlights Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in the development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1577-1583. [PMID: 28334814 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic architecture of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remains poorly understood. Here we present the result of a 4-stage genome-wide association study composed of 5,953 AIS patients and 8,137 controls. Overall, we identified three novel susceptible loci including rs7593846 at 2p14 near MEIS1 (Pcombined = 1.19 × 10-13, OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.10-1.32), rs7633294 at 3p14.1 near MAGI1 (Pcombined = 1.85 × 10-12, OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.09-1.32), and rs9810566 at 3q26.2 near TNIK (Pcombined = 1.14 × 10-11, OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.08-1.32). We also confirmed a recently reported region associated with AIS at 20p11.22 (Pcombined = 1.61 × 10-15, OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.12-1.34). Furthermore, we observed significantly asymmetric expression of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in the bilateral paraspinal muscle of AIS patients, including beta-catenin, TNIK, and LBX1. This is the first study that unveils the potential role of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in the development of AIS, and our findings may shed new light on the etiopathogenesis of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhang Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Nelson Leung-Sang Tang
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China.,Department of Chemical Pathology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Qin
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Feng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Weixiang Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Benlong Shi
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130116, P.R. China
| | - Saihu Mao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qiao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xu Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China
| | - Fangcai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, P.R. China
| | - Jack Chun-Yiu Cheng
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Yong Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, P.R. China.,Joint Scoliosis Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008 & Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
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20
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Zhu J, Cui L, Xu A, Yin X, Li F, Gao J. MEIS1 inhibits clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells proliferation and in vitro invasion or migration. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:176. [PMID: 28270206 PMCID: PMC5341457 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1 (MEIS1) protein plays a synergistic causative role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, MEIS1 has also shown to be a potential tumor suppressor in some other cancers, such as non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and prostate cancer. Although multiple roles of MEIS1 in cancer development and progression have been identified, there is an urgent demand to discover more functions of this molecule for further therapeutic design. METHODS MEIS1 was overexpressed via adenovirus vector in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cells. Western blot and real-time qPCR (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) was performed to examine the protein and mRNA levels of MEIS1. Cell proliferation, survival, in vitro migration and invasion were tested by MTT, colony formation, soft-agar, transwell (in vitro invasion/migration) assays, and tumor in vivo growthwas measured on nude mice model. In addition, flow-cytometry analysis was used to detect cell cycle arrest or non-apoptotic cell death of ccRCC cells induced by MEIS1. RESULTS MEIS1 exhibits a decreased expression in ccRCC cell lines than that in non-tumor cell lines. MEIS1 overexpression inhibits ccRCC cells proliferation and induces G1/S arrest concomitant with marked reduction of G1/S transition regulators, Cyclin D1 and Cyclin A. Moreover, MEIS1-1 overexpression also induces non-apoptotic cell death of ccRCC cells via decreasing the levels of pro-survival regulators Survivin and BCL-2. Transwell migration assay (TMA) shows that MEIS1 attenuates in vitro invasion and migration of ccRCC cells with down-regulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Further, in nude mice model, MEIS1 inhibits the in vivo growth of Caki-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS By investigating the role of MEIS1 in ccRCC cells' survival, proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, cell cycle progress, apoptosis and metastasis, in the present work, we propose that MEIS1 may play an important role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA Medical School/Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Cui
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA Medical School/Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Civil Aviation General Hospital/Civil Aviation Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100123 People’s Republic of China
| | - Axiang Xu
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA Medical School/Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotao Yin
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA Medical School/Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fanglong Li
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA Medical School/Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangping Gao
- Department of Urology, Chinese PLA Medical School/Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 People’s Republic of China
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21
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Chen X, Clark J, Wunderlich M, Fan C, Davis A, Chen S, Guan JL, Mulloy JC, Kumar A, Zheng Y. Autophagy is dispensable for Kmt2a/Mll-Mllt3/Af9 AML maintenance and anti-leukemic effect of chloroquine. Autophagy 2017; 13:955-966. [PMID: 28282266 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1287652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, macroautophagy/autophagy has emerged as a promising target in various types of solid tumor treatment. However, the impact of autophagy on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) maintenance and the validity of autophagy as a viable target in AML therapy remain unclear. Here we show that Kmt2a/Mll-Mllt3/Af9 AML (MA9-AML) cells have high autophagy flux compared with normal bone marrow cells, but autophagy-specific targeting, either through Rb1cc1-disruption to abolish autophagy initiation, or via Atg5-disruption to prevent phagophore (the autophagosome precursor) membrane elongation, does not affect the growth or survival of MA9-AML cells, either in vitro or in vivo. Mechanistically, neither Atg5 nor Rb1cc1 disruption impairs endolysosome formation or survival signaling pathways. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine shows autophagy-independent anti-leukemic effects in vitro but has no efficacy in vivo likely due to limited achievable drug efficacy in blood. Further, vesicular exocytosis appears to mediate chloroquine resistance in AML cells, and exocytotic inhibition significantly enhances the anti-leukemic effect of chloroquine. Thus, chloroquine can induce leukemia cell death in vitro in an autophagy-independent manner but with inadequate efficacy in vivo, and vesicular exocytosis is a possible mechanism of chloroquine resistance in MA9-AML. This study also reveals that autophagy-specific targeting is unlikely to benefit MA9-AML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Chen
- a Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology , Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation , Cincinnati , OH , USA.,b Department of Cancer Biology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Jason Clark
- a Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology , Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- a Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology , Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Cuiqing Fan
- a Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology , Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation , Cincinnati , OH , USA.,c Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Ashley Davis
- a Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology , Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Song Chen
- b Department of Cancer Biology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Jun-Lin Guan
- b Department of Cancer Biology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - James C Mulloy
- a Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology , Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation , Cincinnati , OH , USA.,b Department of Cancer Biology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Ashish Kumar
- a Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology , Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- a Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology , Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation , Cincinnati , OH , USA.,b Department of Cancer Biology , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH , USA
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22
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Bandini S, Macagno M, Hysi A, Lanzardo S, Conti L, Bello A, Riccardo F, Ruiu R, Merighi IF, Forni G, Iezzi M, Quaglino E, Cavallo F. The non-inflammatory role of C1q during Her2/neu-driven mammary carcinogenesis. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1253653. [PMID: 28123895 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1253653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an ever increasing amount of evidence to support the hypothesis that complement C1q, the first component of the classical complement pathway, is involved in the regulation of cancer growth, in addition to its role in fighting infections. It has been demonstrated that C1q is expressed in the microenvironment of various types of human tumors, including breast adenocarcinomas. This study compares carcinogenesis progression in C1q deficient (neuT-C1KO) and C1q competent neuT mice in order to investigate the role of C1q in mammary carcinogenesis. Significantly accelerated autochthonous neu+ carcinoma progression was paralleled by accelerated spontaneous lung metastases occurrence in C1q deficient mice. Surprisingly, this effect was not caused by differences in the tumor-infiltrating cells or in the activation of the complement classical pathway, since neuT-C1KO mice did not display a reduction in C3 fragment deposition at the tumor site. By contrast, a significant higher number of intratumor blood vessels and a decrease in the activation of the tumor suppressor WW domain containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) were observed in tumors from neuT-C1KO as compare with neuT mice. In parallel, an increase in Her2/neu expression was observed on the membrane of tumor cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that C1q plays a direct role both on halting tumor angiogenesis and on inducing apoptosis in mammary cancer cells by coordinating the signal transduction pathways linked to WWOX and, furthermore, highlight the role of C1q in mammary tumor immune surveillance regardless of complement system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Bandini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Macagno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Albana Hysi
- Department of Medicine Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-Met), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara , Italy
| | - Stefania Lanzardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Amanda Bello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Riccardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Ruiu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Irene Fiore Merighi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Guido Forni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Department of Medicine Science, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-Met), G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti Pescara , Italy
| | - Elena Quaglino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino , Torino, Italy
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Chen S, Wang Y, Ni C, Meng G, Sheng X. HLF/miR-132/TTK axis regulates cell proliferation, metastasis and radiosensitivity of glioma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:898-904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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24
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Huang S, Yang H, Li Y, Feng C, Gao L, Chen GF, Gao HH, Huang Z, Li YH, Yu L. Prognostic Significance of Mixed-Lineage Leukemia (MLL) Gene Detected by Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR Assay in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:3009-17. [PMID: 27561414 PMCID: PMC5012461 DOI: 10.12659/msm.900429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The overall prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene-positivity is unfavorable. In this study, we evaluated the expression levels of the MLL gene in AML patients. Material/Methods We enrolled 68 MLL gene-positive patients out of 433 newly diagnosed AML patients, and 216 bone marrow samples were collected. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) was used to precisely detect the expression levels of the MLL gene. Results We divided 41 patients into 2 groups according to the variation of MRD (minimal residual disease) level of the MLL gene. Group 1 (n=22) had a rapid reduction of MRD level to ≤10−4 in all samples collected in the first 3 chemotherapy cycles, while group 2 (n=19) had MRD levels constantly >10−4 in all samples collected in the first 3 chemotherapy cycles. Group 1 had a significantly better overall survival (p=0.001) and event-free survival (p=0.001) compared to group 2. Moreover, the patients with >10−4 MRD level before the start of HSCT (hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) had worse prognosis and higher risk of relapse compared to patients with ≤10−4 before the start of HSCT. Conclusions We found that a rapid reduction of MRD level to ≤10−4 appears to be a prerequisite for better overall survival and event-free survival during the treatment of AML. The MRD levels detected by RQ-PCR were basically in line with the clinical outcome and may be of great importance in guiding early allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Huang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Hematology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Hepingli, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Guo-Feng Chen
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Hong-Hao Gao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yong-Hui Li
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
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25
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Oxidative stress and hypoxia in normal and leukemic stem cells. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:540-60. [PMID: 27179622 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The main hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functions, self-renewal and differentiation, are finely regulated by both intrinsic mechanisms such as transcriptional and epigenetic regulators and extrinsic signals originating in the bone marrow microenvironment (HSC niche) or in the body (humoral mediators). The interaction between regulatory signals and cellular metabolism is an emerging area. Several metabolic pathways function differently in HSCs compared with progenitors and differentiated cells. Hypoxia, acting through hypoxia-inducing factors, has emerged as a key regulator of stem cell biology and acts by maintaining HSC quiescence and a condition of metabolic dormancy based on anaerobic glycolytic energetic metabolism, with consequent low production reactive oxygen species (ROS) and high antioxidant defense. Hematopoietic cell differentiation is accompanied by changes in oxidative metabolism (decrease of anaerobic glycolysis and increase of oxidative phosphorylation) and increased levels of ROS. Leukemic stem cells, defined as the cells that initiate and maintain the leukemic process, show peculiar metabolic properties in that they are more dependent on oxidative respiration than on glycolysis and are more sensitive to oxidative stress than normal HSCs. Several mitochondrial abnormalities have been described in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, explaining the shift to aerobic glycolysis observed in these cells and offering the unique opportunity for therapeutic metabolic targeting. Finally, frequent mutations of the mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (IDH2) enzyme are observed in AML cells, in which the mutated enzyme acts as an oncogenic driver and can be targeted using specific inhibitors under clinical evaluation with promising results.
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26
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Miller ME, Rosten P, Lemieux ME, Lai C, Humphries RK. Meis1 Is Required for Adult Mouse Erythropoiesis, Megakaryopoiesis and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Expansion. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151584. [PMID: 26986211 PMCID: PMC4795694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Meis1 is recognized as an important transcriptional regulator in hematopoietic development and is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of leukemia, both as a Hox transcription factor co-factor and independently. Despite the emerging recognition of Meis1's importance in the context of both normal and leukemic hematopoiesis, there is not yet a full understanding of Meis1's functions and the relevant pathways and genes mediating its functions. Recently, several conditional mouse models for Meis1 have been established. These models highlight a critical role for Meis1 in adult mouse hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and implicate reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a mediator of Meis1 function in this compartment. There are, however, several reported differences between these studies in terms of downstream progenitor populations impacted and effectors of function. In this study, we describe further characterization of a conditional knockout model based on mice carrying a loxP-flanked exon 8 of Meis1 which we crossed onto the inducible Cre localization/expression strains, B6;129-Gt(ROSA)26Sor(tm1(Cre/ERT)Nat)/J or B6.Cg-Tg(Mx1-Cre)1Cgn/J. Findings obtained from these two inducible Meis1 knockout models confirm and extend previous reports of the essential role of Meis1 in adult HSC maintenance and expansion and provide new evidence that highlights key roles of Meis1 in both megakaryopoiesis and erythropoiesis. Gene expression analyses point to a number of candidate genes involved in Meis1's role in hematopoiesis. Our data additionally support recent evidence of a role of Meis1 in ROS regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Erin Miller
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Patty Rosten
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Courteney Lai
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R. Keith Humphries
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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