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Sun W, Huang A, Wen S, Yang R, Liu X. Temporal Assessment of Protein Stability in Dried Blood Spots. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:3585-3597. [PMID: 38950347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The use of protein biomarkers in blood for clinical settings is limited by the cost and accessibility of traditional venipuncture sampling. The dried blood spot (DBS) technique offers a less invasive and more accessible alternative. However, protein stability in DBS has not been well evaluated. Herein, we deployed a quantitative LC-MS/MS system to construct proteomic atlases of whole blood, DBSs, plasma, and blood cells. Approximately 4% of detected proteins' abundance was significantly altered during blood drying into blood spots, with overwhelming disturbances in cytoplasmic fraction. We also reported a novel finding suggesting a decrease in the level of membrane/cytoskeletal proteins (SLC4A1, RHAG, DSC1, DSP, and JUP) and an increase in the level of proteins (ATG3, SEC14L4, and NRBP1) related to intracellular trafficking. Furthermore, we identified 19 temporally dynamic proteins in DBS samples stored at room temperature for up to 6 months. There were three declined cytoskeleton-related proteins (RDX, SH3BGRL3, and MYH9) and four elevated proteins (XPO7, RAN, SLC2A1, and SLC29A1) involved in cytoplasmic transport as representatives. The instability was governed predominantly by hydrophilic proteins and enhanced significantly with an increasing storage time. Our analyses provide comprehensive knowledge of both short- and long-term storage stability of DBS proteins, forming the foundation for the widespread use of DBS in clinical proteomics and other analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifen Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science Ministry of Justice, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Ao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science Ministry of Justice, Shanghai 200063, China
- Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shubo Wen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science Ministry of Justice, Shanghai 200063, China
- Department of Forensic Science, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruicong Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science Ministry of Justice, Shanghai 200063, China
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiling Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science Ministry of Justice, Shanghai 200063, China
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2
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Beltrán A, Sánchez-Villalobos M, Salido E, Algueró C, Campos E, Pérez-Oliva AB, Blanquer M, Moraleda JM. Flow Cytometry as a New Accessible Method to Evaluate Diagnostic Osmotic Changes in Patients with Red Blood Cell Membrane Defects. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1607. [PMID: 39062184 PMCID: PMC11274888 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a membranopathy that impacts the vertical junctions between the cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane of erythrocytes. The gold standard method for diagnosing it is osmotic gradient ektacytometry (OGE). However, access to this technique is scarce. We have devised a straightforward approach utilizing flow cytometry to quantify variations in an osmotic gradient, relying on FSC-H/SSC-H patterns. We studied 14 patients (9 pediatric, 5 adults) and 54 healthy controls (16 pediatric, 38 adults). After assessing the behavior of the samples in several osmolar gradients we selected for the study the 176, 308, and 458 mOsm/kg levels as hypo-osmolar, iso-osmolar, and hyper-osmolar references. We then selected the iso-osmolar point for assessment to determine its efficacy in discriminating between patient and control groups using a receiver operating characteristic curve. In the pediatric group, the area under the curve (AUC) was 1.0, indicating 100% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity. Conversely, in the adult group, the AUC was 0.98, with 80% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity. We introduce a method that is easily replicable and demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity. This technique could prove valuable in the diagnosis of spherocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Beltrán
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)—Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (E.C.); (A.B.P.-O.); (J.M.M.)
| | - María Sánchez-Villalobos
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (E.S.); (C.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Eduardo Salido
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (E.S.); (C.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Carmen Algueró
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (E.S.); (C.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Eulalia Campos
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)—Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (E.C.); (A.B.P.-O.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Ana Belén Pérez-Oliva
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)—Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (E.C.); (A.B.P.-O.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Miguel Blanquer
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (E.S.); (C.A.); (M.B.)
| | - José M. Moraleda
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)—Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (E.C.); (A.B.P.-O.); (J.M.M.)
- Hematología, Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia Celular, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, 30001 Murcia, Spain
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Sudnitsyna J, Ruzhnikova TO, Panteleev MA, Kharazova A, Gambaryan S, Mindukshev IV. Chloride Gradient Is Involved in Ammonium Influx in Human Erythrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7390. [PMID: 39000500 PMCID: PMC11242273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The ammonia/ammonium (NH3/NH4+, AM) concentration in human erythrocytes (RBCs) is significantly higher than in plasma. Two main possible mechanisms for AM transport, including simple and facilitated diffusion, are described; however, the driving force for AM transport is not yet fully characterized. Since the erythroid ammonium channel RhAG forms a structural unit with anion exchanger 1 (eAE1) within the ankyrin core complex, we hypothesized the involvement of eAE1 in AM transport. To evaluate the functional interaction between eAE1 and RhAG, we used a unique feature of RBCs to swell and lyse in isotonic NH4+ buffer. The kinetics of cell swelling and lysis were analyzed by flow cytometry and an original laser diffraction method, adapted for accurate volume sensing. The eAE1 role was revealed according to (i) the changes in cell swelling and lysis kinetics, and (ii) changes in intracellular pH, triggered by eAE1 inhibition or the modulation of eAE1 main ligand concentrations (Cl- and HCO3-). Additionally, the AM import kinetics was analyzed enzymatically and colorimetrically. In NH4+ buffer, RBCs concentration-dependently swelled and lysed when [NH4+] exceeded 100 mM. Cell swelling and hemolysis were tightly regulated by chloride concentration. The complete substitution of chloride with glutamate prevented NH4+-induced cell swelling and hemolysis, and the restoration of [Cl-] dose-dependently amplified the rates of RBC swelling and lysis and the percentage of hemolyzed cells. Similarly, eAE1 inhibition impeded cell swelling and completely prevented hemolysis. Accordingly, eAE1 inhibition, or a lack of chloride anions in the buffer, significantly decreased NH4+ import. Our data indicate that the eAE1-mediated chloride gradient is required for AM transport. Taken together, our data reveal a new player in AM transport in RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sudnitsyna
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya St., 109029 Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tamara O Ruzhnikova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Panteleev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya St., 109029 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra Kharazova
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor V Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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4
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Liu J, Tan YY, Zheng W, Wang Y, Ju LA, Su QP. Nanoscale insights into hematology: super-resolved imaging on blood cell structure, function, and pathology. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:363. [PMID: 38910248 PMCID: PMC11194919 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence nanoscopy, also known as super-resolution microscopy, has transcended the conventional resolution barriers and enabled visualization of biological samples at nanometric resolutions. A series of super-resolution techniques have been developed and applied to investigate the molecular distribution, organization, and interactions in blood cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms of blood-cell-associated diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of various fluorescence nanoscopy technologies, outlining their current development stage and the challenges they are facing in terms of functionality and practicality. We specifically explore how these innovations have propelled forward the analysis of thrombocytes (platelets), erythrocytes (red blood cells) and leukocytes (white blood cells), shedding light on the nanoscale arrangement of subcellular components and molecular interactions. We spotlight novel biomarkers uncovered by fluorescence nanoscopy for disease diagnosis, such as thrombocytopathies, malignancies, and infectious diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the technological hurdles and chart out prospective avenues for future research directions. This review aims to underscore the significant contributions of fluorescence nanoscopy to the field of blood cell analysis and disease diagnosis, poised to revolutionize our approach to exploring, understanding, and managing disease at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yuping Yolanda Tan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Wen Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, NSW, 2008, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Qian Peter Su
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- Heart Research Institute, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.
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5
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Skarlovnik T, Lamut A, Hostnik G, Gole B, Bren U. Osmolality and Tonicity of Isotonic Beverages. Foods 2024; 13:1483. [PMID: 38790783 PMCID: PMC11120308 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to measure and compare the osmolality and tonicity of isotonic beverages that can be bought on the Slovenian market. The main goal was to examine how good is the agreement between the measured osmolalities of the beverages and the requirements for isotonic beverages set up by EFSA. Osmolalities were measured with an osmometer using the freezing point depression method. Afterwards, two complementary methods for the observation of tonicity were developed. Erythrocytes were exposed to standard NaCl solutions of different osmolalities to observe their influence on the volume and shape of cells following the turbidity of the solution and the morphology of erythrocytes. These two methods enabled us to determine whether standard solutions were hypo-, iso-, or hypertonic. In this way, we found that the osmolality of 12 out of the 18 investigated isotonic beverages was in the range of 270-330 mOsm/kg, as required by EFSA. However, six samples did not meet this criterion and should therefore not have the label "isotonic" or be described as such. The measurements of turbidity of solutions indicated that most isotonic beverages exhibit a lower tonicity than standard NaCl solutions of identical osmolality. However, examination of the erythrocytes in isotonic beverages showed that the measurements were additionally complicated by the low pH values of these beverages. Finally, by demonstrating how different components of isotonic beverages pass through the erythrocyte membranes, we found that even isoosmolal beverages are often not isotonic, as the concentration of actively transported sugars in these beverages is relatively high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjaša Skarlovnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.S.); (G.H.)
| | - Andraž Lamut
- Meditop d.o.o., Ulica Vita Kraigherja 5, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Sensors, d.o.o., Beloruska ulica 7, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Hostnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.S.); (G.H.)
| | - Boris Gole
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.S.); (G.H.)
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Sensors, d.o.o., Beloruska ulica 7, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
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6
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Jain A, Sharma R, Gautam L, Shrivastava P, Singh KK, Vyas SP. Biomolecular interactions between Plasmodium and human host: A basis of targeted antimalarial therapy. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2024; 82:401-419. [PMID: 38519002 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Malaria is one of the serious health concerns worldwide as it remains a clinical challenge due to the complex life cycle of the malaria parasite and the morphological changes it undergoes during infection. The malaria parasite multiplies rapidly and spreads in the population by changing its alternative hosts. These various morphological stages of the parasite in the human host cause clinical symptoms (anemia, fever, and coma). These symptoms arise due to the preprogrammed biology of the parasite in response to the human pathophysiological response. Thus, complete elimination becomes one of the major health challenges. Although malaria vaccine(s) are available in the market, they still contain to cause high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, an approach for eradication is needed through the exploration of novel molecular targets by tracking the epidemiological changes the parasite adopts. This review focuses on the various novel molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Jain
- Drug Delivery and Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India
| | - Rajeev Sharma
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, M.P., 474005, India.
| | - Laxmikant Gautam
- Babulal Tarabai Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Sagar, M.P., 470228, India
| | - Priya Shrivastava
- Drug Delivery and Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India
| | - Kamalinder K Singh
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Suresh P Vyas
- Drug Delivery and Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India.
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7
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Phongpao K, Pholngam N, Chokchaichamnankit D, Nuamsee K, Praneetponkang R, Ounjai P, Paiboonsukwong K, Siwaponanan P, Pattanapanyasat K, Svasti J, Srisomsap C, Weeraphan C, Chaichompoo P, Svasti S. Proteomic profiling of circulating β-thalassaemia/haemoglobin E extra-cellular vesicles reveals that association with immunoglobulin induces membrane vesiculation. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:2025-2039. [PMID: 38613149 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Splenectomised β-thalassaemia/haemoglobin E (HbE) patients have increased levels of circulating microparticles or medium extra-cellular vesicles (mEVs). The splenectomised mEVs play important roles in thromboembolic complications in patients since they can induce platelet activation and endothelial cell dysfunction. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of mEV generation in thalassaemia disease has still not been reached. Thalassaemic mEVs are hypothesised to be generated from cellular oxidative stress in red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets. Therefore, a proteomic analysis of mEVs from splenectomised and non-splenectomised β-thalassaemia/HbE patients was performed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 171 proteins were identified among mEVs. Interestingly, 72 proteins were uniquely found in splenectomised mEVs including immunoglobulin subunits and cytoskeleton proteins. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-bearing mEVs in splenectomised patients were significantly increased. Furthermore, complement C1q was detected in both mEVs with IgG binding and mEVs without IgG binding. Interestingly, the percentage of mEVs generated from RBCs with IgG binding was approximately 15-20 times higher than the percentage of RBCs binding with IgG. This suggested that the vesiculation of thalassaemia mEVs could be a mechanism of RBCs to eliminate membrane patches harbouring immune complex and may consequently prevent cells from phagocytosis and lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwadee Phongpao
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Nuttanan Pholngam
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Khanita Nuamsee
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Rattanaporn Praneetponkang
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Puey Ounjai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kittiphong Paiboonsukwong
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Panjaree Siwaponanan
- Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Center of Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kovit Pattanapanyasat
- Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Center of Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jisnuson Svasti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Churat Weeraphan
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornthip Chaichompoo
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saovaros Svasti
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Gandikota MC, Das S, Cacciuto A. Spontaneous crumpling of active spherical shells. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:3635-3640. [PMID: 38619604 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00015c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The existence of a crumpled phase for self-avoiding elastic surfaces was postulated more than three decades ago using simple Flory-like scaling arguments. Despite much effort, its stability in a microscopic environment has been the subject of much debate. In this paper we show how a crumpled phase develops reliably and consistently upon subjecting a thin spherical shell to active fluctuations. We find a master curve describing how the relative volume of a shell changes with the strength of the active forces, that applies for every shell independent of size and elastic constants. Furthermore, we extract a general expression for the onset active force beyond which a shell begins to crumple. Finally, we calculate how the size exponent varies along the crumpling curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Gandikota
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, NY 10027, New York, USA.
| | - Shibananda Das
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, NY 10027, New York, USA.
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Cacciuto
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, NY 10027, New York, USA.
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9
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Jin X, Zhang Y, Wang D, Zhang X, Li Y, Wang D, Liang Y, Wang J, Zheng L, Song H, Zhu X, Liang J, Ma J, Gao J, Tong J, Shi L. Metabolite and protein shifts in mature erythrocyte under hypoxia. iScience 2024; 27:109315. [PMID: 38487547 PMCID: PMC10937114 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
As the only cell type responsible for oxygen delivery, erythrocytes play a crucial role in supplying oxygen to hypoxic tissues, ensuring their normal functions. Hypoxia commonly occurs under physiological or pathological conditions, and understanding how erythrocytes adapt to hypoxia is fundamental for exploring the mechanisms of hypoxic diseases. Additionally, investigating acute and chronic mountain sickness caused by plateaus, which are naturally hypoxic environments, will aid in the study of hypoxic diseases. In recent years, increasingly developed proteomics and metabolomics technologies have become powerful tools for studying mature enucleated erythrocytes, which has significantly contributed to clarifying how hypoxia affects erythrocytes. The aim of this article is to summarize the composition of the cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic proteins of hypoxia-altered erythrocytes and explore the impact of hypoxia on their essential functions. Furthermore, we discuss the role of microRNAs in the adaptation of erythrocytes to hypoxia, providing new perspectives on hypoxia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yingnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Ding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xiaoru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yipeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lingyue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Haoze Song
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jinfa Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jingyuan Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
- CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin 300020, China
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10
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Yang Q, Chen D, Li C, Liu R, Wang X. Mechanism of hypoxia-induced damage to the mechanical property in human erythrocytes-band 3 phosphorylation and sulfhydryl oxidation of membrane proteins. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1399154. [PMID: 38706947 PMCID: PMC11066195 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1399154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The integrity of the erythrocyte membrane cytoskeletal network controls the morphology, specific surface area, material exchange, and state of erythrocytes in the blood circulation. The antioxidant properties of resveratrol have been reported, but studies on the effect of resveratrol on the hypoxia-induced mechanical properties of erythrocytes are rare. Methods: In this study, the effects of different concentrations of resveratrol on the protection of red blood cell mor-phology and changes in intracellular redox levels were examined to select an appropriate concentration for further study. The Young's modulus and surface roughness of the red blood cells and blood viscosity were measured via atomic force microsco-py and a blood rheometer, respectively. Flow cytometry, free hemoglobin levels, and membrane lipid peroxidation levels were used to characterize cell membrane damage in the presence and absence of resveratrol after hypoxia. The effects of oxida-tive stress on the erythrocyte membrane proteins band 3 and spectrin were further investigated by immunofluorescent label-ing and Western blotting. Results and discussion: Resveratrol changed the surface roughness and Young's modulus of the erythrocyte mem-brane, reduced the rate of eryptosis in erythrocytes after hypoxia, and stabilized the intracellular redox level. Further data showed that resveratrol protected the erythrocyte membrane proteins band 3 and spectrin. Moreover, resistance to band 3 pro-tein tyrosine phosphorylation and sulfhydryl oxidation can protect the stability of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton net-work, thereby protecting erythrocyte deformability under hypoxia. The results of the present study may provide new insights into the roles of resveratrol in the prevention of hypoxia and as an antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Parekh DS, Eaton WA, Thein SL. Recent developments in the use of pyruvate kinase activators as a new approach for treating sickle cell disease. Blood 2024; 143:866-871. [PMID: 38118071 PMCID: PMC10940061 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pyruvate kinase (PK) is a key enzyme in glycolysis, the sole source of adenosine triphosphate, which is essential for all energy-dependent activities of red blood cells. Activating PK shows great potential for treating a broad range of hemolytic anemias beyond PK deficiency, because they also enhance activity of wild-type PK. Motivated by observations of sickle-cell complications in sickle-trait individuals with concomitant PK deficiency, activating endogenous PK offers a novel and promising approach for treating patients with sickle-cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina S. Parekh
- Sickle Cell Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - William A. Eaton
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Swee Lay Thein
- Sickle Cell Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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12
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Tkachenko A, Havranek O. Erythronecroptosis: an overview of necroptosis or programmed necrosis in red blood cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04948-8. [PMID: 38427167 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Necroptosis is considered a programmed necrosis that requires receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), and pore-forming mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) to trigger a regulated cell membrane lysis. Membrane rupture in necroptosis has been shown to fuel innate immune response due to release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Recently published studies indicate that mature erythrocytes can undergo necroptosis as well. In this review, we provide an outline of multiple cell death modes occurring in erythrocytes, discuss possible immunological aspects of diverse erythrocyte cell deaths, summarize available evidence related to the ability of erythrocytes to undergo necroptosis, outline key involved molecular mechanisms, and discuss the potential implication of erythrocyte necroptosis in the physiology and pathophysiology. Furthermore, we aim to highlight the interplay between necroptosis and eryptosis signaling in erythrocytes, emphasizing specific characteristics of these pathways distinct from their counterparts in nucleated cells. Thus, our review provides a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge of necroptosis in erythrocytes. To reflect critical differences between necroptosis of nucleated cells and necroptosis of erythrocytes, we suggest a term erythronecroptosis for necroptosis of enucleated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Tkachenko
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Havranek
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
- First Department of Internal Medicine-Hematology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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13
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Du Y, Deng T, Cheng Y, Zhao Q, Xia H, Ji Y, Zhang Y, He Q. Enhancing Bone Regeneration through CDC20-Loaded ZIF-8 Nanoparticles Wrapped in Erythrocyte Membranes with Targeting Aptamer. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302725. [PMID: 38030141 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In the context of bone regeneration, nanoparticles harboring osteogenic factors have emerged as pivotal agents for modulating the differentiation fate of stem cells. However, persistent challenges surrounding biocompatibility, loading efficiency, and precise targeting ability warrant innovative solution. In this study, a novel nanoparticle platform founded upon the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) is introduced. This new design, CDC20@ZIF-8@eM-Apt, involves the envelopment of ZIF-8 within an erythrocyte membrane (eM) cloak, and is coupled with a targeting aptamer. ZIF-8, distinguished by its porosity, biocompatibility, and robust cargo transport capabilities, constitutes the core framework. Cell division cycle protein 20 homolog (CDC20) is illuminated as a new target in bone regeneration. The eM plays a dual role in maintaining nanoparticle stability and facilitating fusion with target cell membranes, while the aptamer orchestrates the specific recruitment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) within bone defect sites. Significantly, CDC20@ZIF-8@eM-Apt amplifies osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the inhibition of NF-κB p65, and concurrently catalyzes bone regeneration in two bone defect models. Consequently, CDC20@ZIF-8@eM-Apt introduces a pioneering strategy for tackling bone defects and associated maladies, opening novel avenues in therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangge Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tian Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yihong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Haibin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yaoting Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qing He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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14
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Chatzinikolaou PN, Margaritelis NV, Paschalis V, Theodorou AA, Vrabas IS, Kyparos A, D'Alessandro A, Nikolaidis MG. Erythrocyte metabolism. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14081. [PMID: 38270467 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Our aim is to present an updated overview of the erythrocyte metabolism highlighting its richness and complexity. We have manually collected and connected the available biochemical pathways and integrated them into a functional metabolic map. The focus of this map is on the main biochemical pathways consisting of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, redox metabolism, oxygen metabolism, purine/nucleoside metabolism, and membrane transport. Other recently emerging pathways are also curated, like the methionine salvage pathway, the glyoxalase system, carnitine metabolism, and the lands cycle, as well as remnants of the carboxylic acid metabolism. An additional goal of this review is to present the dynamics of erythrocyte metabolism, providing key numbers used to perform basic quantitative analyses. By synthesizing experimental and computational data, we conclude that glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and redox metabolism are the foundations of erythrocyte metabolism. Additionally, the erythrocyte can sense oxygen levels and oxidative stress adjusting its mechanics, metabolism, and function. In conclusion, fine-tuning of erythrocyte metabolism controls one of the most important biological processes, that is, oxygen loading, transport, and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis N Chatzinikolaou
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Nikos V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Vassilis Paschalis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios A Theodorou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis S Vrabas
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Antonios Kyparos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michalis G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
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15
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Alves-Rosa MF, Tayler NM, Dorta D, Coronado LM, Spadafora C. P. falciparum Invasion and Erythrocyte Aging. Cells 2024; 13:334. [PMID: 38391947 PMCID: PMC10887143 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium parasites need to find red blood cells (RBCs) that, on the one hand, expose receptors for the pathogen ligands and, on the other hand, maintain the right geometry to facilitate merozoite attachment and entry into the red blood cell. Both characteristics change with the maturation of erythrocytes. Some Plasmodia prefer younger vs. older erythrocytes. How does the life evolution of the RBC affect the invasion of the parasite? What happens when the RBC ages? In this review, we present what is known up until now.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carmenza Spadafora
- Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicio de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama City 0843-01103, Panama; (M.F.A.-R.); (N.M.T.); (D.D.); (L.M.C.)
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16
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Liu J, Ding C, Liu X, Kang Q. Cytoskeletal Protein 4.1R in Health and Diseases. Biomolecules 2024; 14:214. [PMID: 38397451 PMCID: PMC10887211 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The protein 4.1R is an essential component of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton, serving as a key structural element and contributing to the regulation of the membrane's physical properties, including mechanical stability and deformability, through its interaction with spectrin-actin. Recent research has uncovered additional roles of 4.1R beyond its function as a linker between the plasma membrane and the membrane skeleton. It has been found to play a crucial role in various biological processes, such as cell fate determination, cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, and cell motility. Additionally, 4.1R has been implicated in cancer, with numerous studies demonstrating its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for tumors. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the gene and protein structure of 4.1R, as well as its cellular functions in both physiological and pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Liu
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Cong Ding
- Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qiaozhen Kang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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17
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Ivanov IT, Paarvanova BK. Radiofrequency dielectric spectroscopy study: Effects of pH, hydrogen bond donors and acceptors on the attachment of spectrin skeleton to the lipid membrane of erythrocytes. Bioelectromagnetics 2024; 45:58-69. [PMID: 38013630 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Band 3 protein and glycophorin C are the two major integral proteins of the lipid membrane of human red blood cells (RBCs). They are attached from below to a network of elastic filamentous spectrin, the third major RBC membrane protein. The binding properties of the attachments to spectrin affect the shape and deformability of RBCs. We addressed band 3 and glycophorin C attachments to spectrin by measuring the strength of two recently discovered radiofrequency dielectric relaxations, βsp (1.4 MHz) and γ1sp (9 MHz), that are observable as changes in the complex admittance of RBCs in medium. In medium at pH 5.2, and also in media with protic substances (formamide, methylformamide, or urea), the βsp relaxation became inhibited that is attributable to detachment of glycophorin C from spectrin. In medium at pH 9.2, we observed inhibition of γ1sp relaxation attributable to detachment of band 3 from spectrin, as also was seen in media with aprotic substances difluoropyridine, dimethylsolfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetone, sodium tetrakis(4-fluorophenyl)borate), chlorpromazine, thioridazine and trifluopiperazine. The viscogenic cosolvents (glycerol, ethylene glycol, or i-erythritol) inhibited both the βsp and γ1sp relaxations and significantly lowered their characteristic frequencies. Our observations indicate that the glycophorin C attachment to spectrin has nucleophilic centers whose saturation disconnects this attachment and inhibits the βsp relaxation, whereas at band 3-spectrin attachment site, it is the saturation of electrophilic centers that weakens this attachment and inhibits the γ1sp relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan T Ivanov
- Department of Physics, Biophysics, Roentgenology and Radiology, Medical Faculty, Thracian University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Boyana K Paarvanova
- Department of Physics, Biophysics, Roentgenology and Radiology, Medical Faculty, Thracian University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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18
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Bardyn M, Crettaz D, Rappaz B, Hamelin R, Armand F, Tissot JD, Turcatti G, Prudent M. Phosphoproteomics and morphology of stored human red blood cells treated by protein tyrosine phosphatases inhibitor. Blood Adv 2024; 8:1-13. [PMID: 37910801 PMCID: PMC10784683 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023009964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The process of protein phosphorylation is involved in numerous cell functions. In particular, phosphotyrosine (pY) has been reported to play a role in red blood cell (RBC) functions, including the cytoskeleton organization. During their storage before transfusion, RBCs suffer from storage lesions that affect their energy metabolism and morphology. This study investigated the relationship between pY and the storage lesions. To do so, RBCs were treated (in the absence of calcium) with a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor (orthovanadate [OV]) to stimulate phosphorylation and with 3 selective kinase inhibitors (KIs). Erythrocyte membrane proteins were studied by western blot analyses and phosphoproteomics (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD039914) and cell morphology by digital holographic microscopy. The increase of pY triggered by OV treatment (inducing a global downregulation of pS and pT) disappeared during the storage. Phosphoproteomic analysis identified 609 phosphoproteins containing 1752 phosphosites, of which 41 pY were upregulated and 2 downregulated by OV. After these phosphorylation processes, the shape of RBCs shifted from discocytes to spherocytes, and the addition of KIs partially inhibited this transition. The KIs modulated either pY or pS and pT via diverse mechanisms related to cell shape, thereby affecting RBC morphology. The capacity of RBCs to maintain their function is central in transfusion medicine, and the presented results contribute to a better understanding of RBC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Bardyn
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Sanguins, Transfusion Interrégionale CRS, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - David Crettaz
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Sanguins, Transfusion Interrégionale CRS, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Rappaz
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romain Hamelin
- Proteomics Core Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Armand
- Proteomics Core Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Daniel Tissot
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Sanguins, Transfusion Interrégionale CRS, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Gerardo Turcatti
- Biomolecular Screening Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Prudent
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Sanguins, Transfusion Interrégionale CRS, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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19
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Baro B, Kim CY, Lin C, Kongsomboonvech AK, Tetard M, Peterson NA, Salinas ND, Tolia NH, Egan ES. Plasmodium falciparum exploits CD44 as a coreceptor for erythrocyte invasion. Blood 2023; 142:2016-2028. [PMID: 37832027 PMCID: PMC10783654 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum invades and replicates asexually within human erythrocytes. CD44 expressed on erythrocytes was previously identified as an important host factor for P falciparum infection through a forward genetic screen, but little is known about its regulation or function in these cells, nor how it may be used by the parasite. We found that CD44 can be efficiently deleted from primary human hematopoietic stem cells using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, and that the efficiency of ex vivo erythropoiesis to enucleated cultured red blood cells (cRBCs) is not affected by lack of CD44. However, the rate of P falciparum invasion was reduced in CD44-null cRBCs relative to isogenic wild-type control cells, validating CD44 as an important host factor for this parasite. We identified 2 P falciparum invasion ligands as binding partners for CD44, erythrocyte binding antigen 175 (EBA-175) and EBA-140 and demonstrated that their ability to bind to human erythrocytes relies primarily on their canonical receptors, glycophorin A and glycophorin C, respectively. We further show that EBA-175 induces phosphorylation of erythrocyte cytoskeletal proteins in a CD44-dependent manner. Our findings support a model in which P falciparum exploits CD44 as a coreceptor during invasion of human erythrocytes, stimulating CD44-dependent phosphorylation of host cytoskeletal proteins that alter host cell deformability and facilitate parasite entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Baro
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Chi Yong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Carrie Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Marilou Tetard
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | | | - Nichole D. Salinas
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Structural Vaccinology Section, Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Niraj H. Tolia
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Structural Vaccinology Section, Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elizabeth S. Egan
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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20
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Todrin AF, Kovalenko IF, Smolyaninova YI, Timofeyeva OV, Popivnenko LI, Gordiyenko OI. Determination of cell membrane permeability coefficients: Comparison of models in the case of oocytes. Cryobiology 2023; 113:104789. [PMID: 37924929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Values of cell membranes permeability coefficients for water and molecules of cryoprotective agents (CPAs) are the necessary characteristics for developing physical-mathematical models describing mass transfer processes through cell membranes in order to predict optimal cell cooling rates. We carried out a comparative analysis of the permeability coefficients of mouse oocyte membranes for molecules of water, ethylene glycol (EG), propane-1,2-diol (1,2-PD) and dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO), determined by applying the classical Kedem-Katchalsky model, which considers only the penetration of non-electrolyte molecules (water and CPA) through the membrane, and the model developed by us, which takes into account the transmembrane transfer of ions and the associated changes in the transmembrane electric potential. We shown that calculations based on the developed modified model provide lower values of the permeability coefficients of the oocyte membrane for water and CPA molecules. What is important that the obtained by our modified model permeability coefficients for water molecules do not depend on the type of cryoprotectant, while the application of the classical model both in our studies and works of other authors always gave different values of these coefficients in solutions with different cryoprotectants. Our modified model also makes it possible to determine the dynamics of the transmembrane electric potential of the cell under the conditions of transmembrane mass transfer and the duration of the membrane being influenced by the changes in electric potential, that is a parameter that can directly affect the viability of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Todrin
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - I F Kovalenko
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - Ye I Smolyaninova
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - O V Timofeyeva
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - L I Popivnenko
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - O I Gordiyenko
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 23, Pereyaslavskaya str., 61016, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
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21
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Häuser F, Rossmann H, Adenaeuer A, Shrestha A, Marandiuc D, Paret C, Faber J, Lackner KJ, Lämmle B, Beck O. Hereditary Spherocytosis: Can Next-Generation Sequencing of the Five Most Frequently Affected Genes Replace Time-Consuming Functional Investigations? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17021. [PMID: 38069343 PMCID: PMC10707146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital defects of the erythrocyte membrane are common in northern Europe and all over the world. The resulting diseases, for example, hereditary spherocytosis (HS), are often underdiagnosed, partly due to their sometimes mild and asymptomatic courses. In addition to a broad clinical spectrum, this is also due to the occasionally complex diagnostics that are not available to every patient. To test whether next-generation sequencing (NGS) could replace time-consuming spherocytosis-specific functional tests, 22 consecutive patients with suspected red cell membranopathy underwent functional blood tests. We were able to identify the causative genetic defect in all patients with suspected HS who underwent genetic testing (n = 17). The sensitivity of the NGS approach, which tests five genes (ANK1 (gene product: ankyrin1), EPB42 (erythrocyte membrane protein band4.2), SLC4A1 (band3), SPTA1 (α-spectrin), and SPTB (β-spectrin)), was 100% (95% confidence interval: 81.5-100.0%). The major advantage of genetic testing in the paediatric setting is the small amount of blood required (<200 µL), and compared to functional assays, sample stability is not an issue. The combination of medical history, basic laboratory parameters, and an NGS panel with five genes is sufficient for diagnosis in most cases. Only in rare cases, a more comprehensive functional screening is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Häuser
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heidi Rossmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anke Adenaeuer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Annette Shrestha
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dana Marandiuc
- Transfusion Center, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Paret
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology & Hemostaseology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Faber
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology & Hemostaseology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl J. Lackner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernhard Lämmle
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Haemostasis Research Unit, University College London, London WC1E6BT, UK
| | - Olaf Beck
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology & Hemostaseology, Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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22
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Münch AL, Jacobsen EM, Schulz A, Loichinger W, Wowra T, Schiefele L, Elsner J, Westhoff MA, Serra A, Strauss G, Schaarschmidt K, Cario H. Long-term haematological response and maintained immunological function after laparoscopic subtotal splenectomy in patients with hereditary spherocytosis. Eur J Haematol 2023; 111:777-786. [PMID: 37700575 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subtotal or total splenectomy are recommended in severe and should be considered in intermediate forms of hereditary spherocytosis (HS). Data on laparoscopic subtotal splenectomy (LSTS) in HS patients are sparse. METHODS Thirty three patients with HS (median age 10.7 years (yrs), range 1.8-15.5) underwent LSTS. Baseline and follow-up investigation included haematological parameters, microscopic analysis of pitted erythrocytes (pitE), and B-cell subpopulations assessed by flow cytometry. Results were compared to those of non-splenectomised HS patients, HS patients after total splenectomy (TS), and healthy individuals. RESULTS After LSTS, haemoglobin levels were normalised in all patients. During median long-term follow-up of 3.9 yrs (range 1.1-14.9), only four patients presented mild anaemia. Despite re-growing of the remnant spleen none of the patients required a second surgical intervention. As compared to TS, PitE in LSTS patients were significantly lower and indicated normal to only moderately decreased spleen function. Relative but not absolute IgM memory B-cell counts were reduced in both LSTS and TS patients. CONCLUSIONS LSTS is effective for the treatment of patients with HS. A small remnant spleen is sufficient to provide adequate phagocytic function and to induce a pool of IgM memory B-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alica L Münch
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm (UUMC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Jacobsen
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm (UUMC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm (UUMC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Loichinger
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm (UUMC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias Wowra
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm (UUMC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Lisa Schiefele
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm (UUMC), Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Elsner
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm (UUMC), Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Holger Cario
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm (UUMC), Ulm, Germany
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23
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Moreau A, Yaya F, Lu H, Surendranath A, Charrier A, Dehapiot B, Helfer E, Viallat A, Peng Z. Physical mechanisms of red blood cell splenic filtration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300095120. [PMID: 37874856 PMCID: PMC10622898 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300095120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The splenic interendothelial slits fulfill the essential function of continuously filtering red blood cells (RBCs) from the bloodstream to eliminate abnormal and aged cells. To date, the process by which 8 [Formula: see text]m RBCs pass through 0.3 [Formula: see text]m-wide slits remains enigmatic. Does the slit caliber increase during RBC passage as sometimes suggested? Here, we elucidated the mechanisms that govern the RBC retention or passage dynamics in slits by combining multiscale modeling, live imaging, and microfluidic experiments on an original device with submicron-wide physiologically calibrated slits. We observed that healthy RBCs pass through 0.28 [Formula: see text]m-wide rigid slits at 37 °C. To achieve this feat, they must meet two requirements. Geometrically, their surface area-to-volume ratio must be compatible with a shape in two tether-connected equal spheres. Mechanically, the cells with a low surface area-to-volume ratio (28% of RBCs in a 0.4 [Formula: see text]m-wide slit) must locally unfold their spectrin cytoskeleton inside the slit. In contrast, activation of the mechanosensitive PIEZO1 channel is not required. The RBC transit time through the slits follows a [Formula: see text]1 and [Formula: see text]3 power law with in-slit pressure drop and slip width, respectively. This law is similar to that of a Newtonian fluid in a two-dimensional Poiseuille flow, showing that the dynamics of RBCs is controlled by their cytoplasmic viscosity. Altogether, our results show that filtration through submicron-wide slits is possible without further slit opening. Furthermore, our approach addresses the critical need for in vitro evaluation of splenic clearance of diseased or engineered RBCs for transfusion and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Moreau
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille13009, France
| | - François Yaya
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille13009, France
| | - Huijie Lu
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL60612
| | - Anagha Surendranath
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille13009, France
| | - Anne Charrier
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille13009, France
| | - Benoit Dehapiot
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille13009, France
| | - Emmanuèle Helfer
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille13009, France
| | - Annie Viallat
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille13009, France
| | - Zhangli Peng
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL60612
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24
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Terada N, Saitoh Y, Saito M, Yamada T, Kamijo A, Yoshizawa T, Sakamoto T. Recent Progress on Genetically Modified Animal Models for Membrane Skeletal Proteins: The 4.1 and MPP Families. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1942. [PMID: 37895291 PMCID: PMC10606877 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein 4.1 and membrane palmitoylated protein (MPP) families were originally found as components in the erythrocyte membrane skeletal protein complex, which helps maintain the stability of erythrocyte membranes by linking intramembranous proteins and meshwork structures composed of actin and spectrin under the membranes. Recently, it has been recognized that cells and tissues ubiquitously use this membrane skeletal system. Various intramembranous proteins, including adhesion molecules, ion channels, and receptors, have been shown to interact with the 4.1 and MPP families, regulating cellular and tissue dynamics by binding to intracellular signal transduction proteins. In this review, we focus on our previous studies regarding genetically modified animal models, especially on 4.1G, MPP6, and MPP2, to describe their functional roles in the peripheral nervous system, the central nervous system, the testis, and bone formation. As the membrane skeletal proteins are located at sites that receive signals from outside the cell and transduce signals inside the cell, it is necessary to elucidate their molecular interrelationships, which may broaden the understanding of cell and tissue functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Terada
- Health Science Division, Department of Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Matsumoto City, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yurika Saitoh
- Health Science Division, Department of Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Matsumoto City, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
- Center for Medical Education, Teikyo University of Science, Adachi-ku, Tokyo 120-0045, Japan
| | - Masaki Saito
- School of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan;
| | - Tomoki Yamada
- Health Science Division, Department of Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Matsumoto City, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Akio Kamijo
- Health Science Division, Department of Medical Sciences, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Matsumoto City, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
- Division of Basic & Clinical Medicine, Nagano College of Nursing, Komagane City, Nagano 399-4117, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoshizawa
- Division of Animal Research, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto City, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Takeharu Sakamoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata City, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
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25
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Taneva SG, Todinova S, Andreeva T. Morphometric and Nanomechanical Screening of Peripheral Blood Cells with Atomic Force Microscopy for Label-Free Assessment of Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14296. [PMID: 37762599 PMCID: PMC10531602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are complex, multifactorial disorders with significant social and economic impact in today's society. NDDs are predicted to become the second-most common cause of death in the next few decades due to an increase in life expectancy but also to a lack of early diagnosis and mainly symptomatic treatment. Despite recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, there are yet no reliable biomarkers identifying the complex pathways contributing to these pathologies. The development of new approaches for early diagnosis and new therapies, together with the identification of non-invasive and more cost-effective diagnostic biomarkers, is one of the main trends in NDD biomedical research. Here we summarize data on peripheral biomarkers, biofluids (cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma), and peripheral blood cells (platelets (PLTs) and red blood cells (RBCs)), reported so far for the three most common NDDs-Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). PLTs and RBCs, beyond their primary physiological functions, are increasingly recognized as valuable sources of biomarkers for NDDs. Special attention is given to the morphological and nanomechanical signatures of PLTs and RBCs as biophysical markers for the three pathologies. Modifications of the surface nanostructure and morphometric and nanomechanical signatures of PLTs and RBCs from patients with AD, PD, and ALS have been revealed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM is currently experiencing rapid and widespread adoption in biomedicine and clinical medicine, in particular for early diagnostics of various medical conditions. AFM is a unique instrument without an analog, allowing the generation of three-dimensional cell images with extremely high spatial resolution at near-atomic scale, which are complemented by insights into the mechanical properties of cells and subcellular structures. Data demonstrate that AFM can distinguish between the three pathologies and the normal, healthy state. The specific PLT and RBC signatures can serve as biomarkers in combination with the currently used diagnostic tools. We highlight the strong correlation of the morphological and nanomechanical signatures between RBCs and PLTs in PD, ALS, and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefka G. Taneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Svetla Todinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Tonya Andreeva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bontchev” Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (S.T.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstraße 150, D-72762 Reutlingen, Germany
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26
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Ghaderi S, Levkau B. An erythrocyte-centric view on the MFSD2B sphingosine-1-phosphate transporter. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 249:108483. [PMID: 37390971 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
MFSD2B has been identified as the exclusive sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) transporter in red blood cells (RBC) and platelets. MFSD2B-mediated S1P export from platelets is required for aggregation and thrombus formation, whereas RBC MFSD2B maintains plasma S1P levels in concert with SPNS2, the vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell S1P exporter, to control endothelial permeability and ensure normal vascular development. However, the physiological function of MFSD2B in RBC remains rather elusive despite mounting evidence that the intracellular S1P pool plays important roles in RBC glycolysis, adaptation to hypoxia and the regulation of cell shape, hydration, and cytoskeletal organisation. The large accumulation of S1P and sphingosine in MFSD2B-deficient RBC coincides with stomatocytosis and membrane abnormalities, the reasons for which have remained obscure. MFS family members transport substrates in a cation-dependent manner along electrochemical gradients, and disturbances in cation permeability are known to alter cell hydration and shape in RBC. Furthermore, the mfsd2 gene is a transcriptional target of GATA together with mylk3, the gene encoding myosin light chain kinase (MYLK). S1P is known to activate MYLK and thereby impact on myosin phosphorylation and cytoskeletal architecture. This suggests that metabolic, transcriptional and functional interactions may exist between MFSD2B-mediated S1P transport and RBC deformability. Here, we review the evidence for such interactions and the implications for RBC homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrooz Ghaderi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
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27
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van Dijk MJ, de Wilde JRA, Bartels M, Kuo KHM, Glenthøj A, Rab MAE, van Beers EJ, van Wijk R. Activation of pyruvate kinase as therapeutic option for rare hemolytic anemias: Shedding new light on an old enzyme. Blood Rev 2023; 61:101103. [PMID: 37353463 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Novel developments in therapies for various hereditary hemolytic anemias reflect the pivotal role of pyruvate kinase (PK), a key enzyme of glycolysis, in red blood cell (RBC) health. Without PK catalyzing one of the final steps of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, there is no net yield of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during glycolysis, the sole source of energy production required for proper RBC function and survival. In hereditary hemolytic anemias, RBC health is compromised and therefore lifespan is shortened. Although our knowledge on glycolysis in general and PK function in particular is solid, recent advances in genetic, molecular, biochemical, and metabolic aspects of hereditary anemias have improved our understanding of these diseases. These advances provide a rationale for targeting PK as therapeutic option in hereditary hemolytic anemias other than PK deficiency. This review summarizes the knowledge, rationale, (pre)clinical trials, and future advances of PK activators for this important group of rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe J van Dijk
- Department of Central Diagnostic Laboratory - Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Center for Benign Hematology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis - Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan R A de Wilde
- Department of Central Diagnostic Laboratory - Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marije Bartels
- Center for Benign Hematology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis - Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Kevin H M Kuo
- Division of Hematology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andreas Glenthøj
- Danish Red Blood Center, Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Minke A E Rab
- Department of Central Diagnostic Laboratory - Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Hematology, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eduard J van Beers
- Center for Benign Hematology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis - Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Richard van Wijk
- Department of Central Diagnostic Laboratory - Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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28
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Chen M, Leng Y, He C, Li X, Zhao L, Qu Y, Wu Y. Red blood cells: a potential delivery system. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:288. [PMID: 37608283 PMCID: PMC10464085 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are the most abundant cells in the body, possessing unique biological and physical properties. RBCs have demonstrated outstanding potential as delivery vehicles due to their low immunogenicity, long-circulating cycle, and immune characteristics, exhibiting delivery abilities. There have been several developments in understanding the delivery system of RBCs and their derivatives, and they have been applied in various aspects of biomedicine. This article compared the various physiological and physical characteristics of RBCs, analyzed their potential advantages in delivery systems, and summarized their existing practices in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Chen
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Leng
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan He
- Guang'an People's Hospital, Guang'an, 638001, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Barshtein G, Gural A, Arbell D, Barkan R, Livshits L, Pajic-Lijakovic I, Yedgar S. Red Blood Cell Deformability Is Expressed by a Set of Interrelated Membrane Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12755. [PMID: 37628935 PMCID: PMC10454903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) deformability, expressing their ability to change their shape, allows them to minimize their resistance to flow and optimize oxygen delivery to the tissues. RBC with reduced deformability may lead to increased vascular resistance, capillary occlusion, and impaired perfusion and oxygen delivery. A reduction in deformability, as occurs during RBC physiological aging and under blood storage, is implicated in the pathophysiology of diverse conditions with circulatory disorders and anemias. The change in RBC deformability is associated with metabolic and structural alterations, mostly uncharacterized. To bridge this gap, we analyzed the membrane protein levels, using mass spectroscopy, of RBC with varying deformability determined by image analysis. In total, 752 membrane proteins were identified. However, deformability was positively correlated with the level of only fourteen proteins, with a highly significant inter-correlation between them. These proteins are involved in membrane rafting and/or the membrane-cytoskeleton linkage. These findings suggest that the reduction of deformability is a programmed (not arbitrary) process of remodeling and shedding of membrane fragments, possibly mirroring the formation of extracellular vesicles. The highly significant inter-correlation between the deformability-expressing proteins infers that the cell deformability can be assessed by determining the level of a few, possibly one, of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Barshtein
- Department of Biochemistry, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Alexander Gural
- Blood Bank, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Dan Arbell
- Pediatric Surgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
| | - Refael Barkan
- Department of Digital Medical Technologies, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon 5810201, Israel;
| | - Leonid Livshits
- Red Blood Cell Research Group, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | | | - Saul Yedgar
- Department of Biochemistry, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel;
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30
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Wang W, Hayes PR, Ren X, Taylor RE. Synthetic Cell Armor Made of DNA Origami. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7076-7085. [PMID: 37463308 PMCID: PMC10416349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The bioengineering applications of cells, such as cell printing and multicellular assembly, are directly limited by cell damage and death due to a harsh environment. Improved cellular robustness thus motivates investigations into cell encapsulation, which provides essential protection. Here we target the cell-surface glycocalyx and cross-link two layers of DNA nanorods on the cellular plasma membrane to form a modular and programmable nanoshell. We show that the DNA origami nanoshell modulates the biophysical properties of cell membranes by enhancing the membrane stiffness and lowering the lipid fluidity. The nanoshell also serves as armor to protect cells and improve their viability against mechanical stress from osmotic imbalance, centrifugal forces, and fluid shear stress. Moreover, it enables mediated cell-cell interactions for effective and robust multicellular assembly. Our results demonstrate the potential of the nanoshell, not only as a cellular protection strategy but also as a platform for cell and cell membrane manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Wang
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Peter R. Hayes
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Xi Ren
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rebecca E. Taylor
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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31
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Scanavachi G, Kinoshita K, Tsubone TM, Itri R. Dynamic photodamage of red blood cell induced by CisDiMPyP porphyrin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 245:112754. [PMID: 37451154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that oxidative damage in red blood cell (RBC) usually causes morphological changes and increased membrane rigidity. Although many studies have focused on investigating how RBC responds to a photodynamic stimulus, the intermediate steps between membrane damage and hemolysis are not reported. To give a comprehensive insight into changes of RBC membrane property under different oxidative damage levels, we employed the photoactivation of CisDiMPyP porphyrin that primarily generates singlet oxygen 1O2 as oxidant species. We found that there were distinguishable characteristic damages depending on the 1O2 flux over the membrane, in a way that each impact of photooxidative damage was categorized under three damage levels: mild (maintaining the membrane morphology and elasticity), moderate (membrane elongation and increased membrane elasticity) and severe (wrinkle-like deformation and hemolysis). When sodium azide (NaN3) was used as a singlet oxygen quencher, delayed cell membrane alterations and hemolysis were detected. The delay times showed that 1O2 indeed plays a key role that causes RBC photooxidation by CisDiMPyP. We suggest that the sequence of morphological changes (RBC discoid area expansion, wrinkle-like patterns, and hemolysis) under photooxidative damage occurs due to damage to the lipid membrane and cytoskeletal network proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Scanavachi
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine (PCMM), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Koji Kinoshita
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (BCMP), Harvard Medical School, Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine (PCMM), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Tayana M Tsubone
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Höglsperger F, Vos BE, Hofemeier AD, Seyfried MD, Stövesand B, Alavizargar A, Topp L, Heuer A, Betz T, Ravoo BJ. Rapid and reversible optical switching of cell membrane area by an amphiphilic azobenzene. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3760. [PMID: 37353493 PMCID: PMC10290115 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular membrane area is a key parameter for any living cell that is tightly regulated to avoid membrane damage. Changes in area-to-volume ratio are known to be critical for cell shape, but are mostly investigated by changing the cell volume via osmotic shocks. In turn, many important questions relating to cellular shape, membrane tension homeostasis and local membrane area cannot be easily addressed because experimental tools for controlled modulation of cell membrane area are lacking. Here we show that photoswitching an amphiphilic azobenzene can trigger its intercalation into the plasma membrane of various mammalian cells ranging from erythrocytes to myoblasts and cancer cells. The photoisomerization leads to a rapid (250-500 ms) and highly reversible membrane area change (ca 2 % for erythrocytes) that triggers a dramatic shape modulation of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Höglsperger
- Organic Chemistry Institute, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bart E Vos
- Third Institute of Physics-Biophysics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Arne D Hofemeier
- Third Institute of Physics-Biophysics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maximilian D Seyfried
- Organic Chemistry Institute, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Stövesand
- Organic Chemistry Institute, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Azadeh Alavizargar
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Leon Topp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Heuer
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Timo Betz
- Third Institute of Physics-Biophysics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
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Shi Y, Li Y, Yang X, Li X, Peng G, Zhao X, Liu X, Zhao Y, Hu J, Hu X, Zhang B, Zhou K, Yang Y, Xiong Y, Li J, Fan H, Yang W, Ye L, Jing L, Zhang L, Zhang F. Genotype-degree of hemolysis correlation in hereditary spherocytosis. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:304. [PMID: 37280519 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a common inherited hemolytic anemia, caused by mutations in five genes that encode erythrocyte membrane skeleton proteins. The red blood cell (RBC) lifespan could directly reflect the degree of hemolysis. In the present cohort of 23 patients with HS, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Levitt's carbon monoxide (CO) breath test to investigate the potential genotype-degree of hemolysis correlation. RESULTS In the present cohort, we identified 8 ANK1,9 SPTB,5 SLC4A1 and 1 SPTA1 mutations in 23 patients with HS, and the median RBC lifespan was 14(8-48) days. The median RBC lifespan of patients with ANK1, SPTB and SLC4A1 mutations was 13 (8-23), 13 (8-48) and 14 (12-39) days, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.618). The median RBC lifespan of patients with missense, splice and nonsense/insertion/deletion mutations was 16.5 (8-48), 14 (11-40) and 13 (8-20) days, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.514). Similarly, we found no significant difference in the RBC lifespan of patients with mutations located in the spectrin-binding domain and the nonspectrin-binding domain [14 (8-18) vs. 12.5 (8-48) days, P = 0.959]. In terms of the composition of mutated genes, 25% of patients with mild hemolysis carried ANK1 or SPTA1 mutations, while 75% of patients with mild hemolysis carried SPTB or SLC4A1 mutations. In contrast, 46.7% of patients with severe hemolysis had ANK1 or SPTA1 mutations and 53.3% of patients with severe hemolysis had SPTB or SLC4A1 mutations. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of mutated genes between the two groups (P = 0.400). CONCLUSION The present study is the first to investigate the potential association between genotype and degree of hemolysis in HS. The present findings indicated that there is no significant correlation between genotype and degree of hemolysis in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Shi
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiawan Yang
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Guangxin Peng
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiangrong Hu
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Baohang Zhang
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Kang Zhou
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Youzhen Xiong
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jianping Li
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Huihui Fan
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wenrui Yang
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Liping Jing
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Fengkui Zhang
- Anemia Therapeutic Centre, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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Vungutur V, Yu S, McCabe S, Fung C, Zhao N. A simple and highly reproducible method for the detection of erythrocyte membrane ZIP metal transporters by immunoblotting. Methods Enzymol 2023; 687:87-102. [PMID: 37666640 PMCID: PMC10755855 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2023.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Manganese is one of the essential trace elements found in erythrocytes. Metal transporters situated on the plasma membrane generally facilitate the movement of manganese into and out of cells. This study aims at determining whether two recently discovered manganese importers, ZIP8 and ZIP14, are located in the erythrocyte membrane. We outline a simple, effective and repeatable method for the isolation of erythrocyte membrane from a minimum of 50 µL mouse blood, followed by the identification of ZIP metal transporters using immunoblotting. Our results revealed that ZIP8 is expressed within the erythrocyte membrane, in contrast to ZIP14 which is not identified using immunoblotting approach. A direct measurement of the ZIP8 protein expression in erythrocyte membranes could provide valuable information for further analyzing its biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varalakshmi Vungutur
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Suetmui Yu
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Shannon McCabe
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Caitlin Fung
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ningning Zhao
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
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35
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Baro-Sastre B, Kim CY, Lin C, Kongsomboonvech AK, Tetard M, Salinas ND, Tolia NH, Egan ES. Plasmodium falciparum exploits CD44 as a co-receptor for erythrocyte invasion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.12.536503. [PMID: 37090581 PMCID: PMC10120705 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.12.536503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum invades and replicates asexually within human erythrocytes. CD44 expressed on erythrocytes was previously identified as an important host factor for P. falciparum infection through a forward genetic screen, but little is known about its regulation or function in these cells, nor how it may be utilized by the parasite. We found that CD44 can be efficiently deleted from primary human hematopoietic stem cells using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, and that the efficiency of ex-vivo erythropoiesis to enucleated cultured red blood cells (cRBCs) is not impacted by lack of CD44. However, the rate of P. falciparum invasion was substantially reduced in CD44-null cRBCs relative to isogenic wild-type (WT) control cells, validating CD44 as an important host factor for this parasite. We identified two P. falciparum invasion ligands as binding partners for CD44, Erythrocyte Binding Antigen-175 (EBA-175) and EBA-140, and demonstrated that their ability to bind to human erythrocytes relies primarily on their canonical receptors-glycophorin A and glycophorin C, respectively. We further show that EBA-175 induces phosphorylation of erythrocyte cytoskeletal proteins in a CD44-dependent manner. Our findings support a model where P. falciparum exploits CD44 as a co-receptor during invasion of human erythrocytes, stimulating CD44-dependent phosphorylation of host cytoskeletal proteins that alter host cell deformability and facilitate parasite entry.
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36
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Chai Z, Gu S, Lykotrafitis G. Dynamics of the axon plasma membrane skeleton. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2514-2528. [PMID: 36939651 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01602h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It was recently revealed via super-resolution microscopy experiments that the axon plasma membrane skeleton (APMS) comprises a series of periodically arranged azimuthal actin rings connected via longitudinal spectrin filaments forming an orthotropic network. The common perception is that APMS enhances structural stability of the axon but its impact on axon deformation is unknown. To investigate the response of the APMS to extension, we introduce a coarse-grain molecular dynamics model consisting of actin particles forming rings and chains of particles representing spectrin tetramers with repeats than can unfold. We observe that the shape of force-extension curve is initially linear and the force level depends on the extension rate. Even during the initial deformation stage, unfolding of spectrin repeats occurs, but the saw-tooth shape of the corresponding force-extension curve observed in the case of one spectrin tetramer does not appear in the case of the entire APMS. The reason is that spectrin unfolding is not synchronized across filaments during extension. If actin-spectrin associations remain intact, the force-extension response reaches a perfectly plastic region because of increased spectrin unfolding frequency. However, when actin-spectrin links dissociate, which can happen at moderate and high extension rates, APMS softens and the resistance force decreases linearly as the axon elongates until it reaches a point where the APMS is completely severed. Furthermore, when the ring-to-ring distance is maintained fixed under stretch, the resistance force relaxes exponentially as a function of time due to additional unfolding of spectrin tetramers following the Kelvin-Voigt representation of the Zener model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojie Chai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Shiju Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - George Lykotrafitis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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Li N, Chen S, Xu K, He MT, Dong MQ, Zhang QC, Gao N. Structural basis of membrane skeleton organization in red blood cells. Cell 2023; 186:1912-1929.e18. [PMID: 37044097 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The spectrin-based membrane skeleton is a ubiquitous membrane-associated two-dimensional cytoskeleton underneath the lipid membrane of metazoan cells. Mutations of skeleton proteins impair the mechanical strength and functions of the membrane, leading to several different types of human diseases. Here, we report the cryo-EM structures of the native spectrin-actin junctional complex (from porcine erythrocytes), which is a specialized short F-actin acting as the central organizational unit of the membrane skeleton. While an α-/β-adducin hetero-tetramer binds to the barbed end of F-actin as a flexible cap, tropomodulin and SH3BGRL2 together create an absolute cap at the pointed end. The junctional complex is strengthened by ring-like structures of dematin in the middle actin layers and by patterned periodic interactions with tropomyosin over its entire length. This work serves as a structural framework for understanding the assembly and dynamics of membrane skeleton and offers insights into mechanisms of various ubiquitous F-actin-binding factors in other F-actin systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Siyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China; Changping Laboratory Graduate Program, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kui Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology & Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Meng-Ting He
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Meng-Qiu Dong
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology & Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China; National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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38
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Wagner CA, Unwin R, Lopez-Garcia SC, Kleta R, Bockenhauer D, Walsh S. The pathophysiology of distal renal tubular acidosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:384-400. [PMID: 37016093 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
The kidneys have a central role in the control of acid-base homeostasis owing to bicarbonate reabsorption and production of ammonia and ammonium in the proximal tubule and active acid secretion along the collecting duct. Impaired acid excretion by the collecting duct system causes distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), which is characterized by the failure to acidify urine below pH 5.5. This defect originates from reduced function of acid-secretory type A intercalated cells. Inherited forms of dRTA are caused by variants in SLC4A1, ATP6V1B1, ATP6V0A4, FOXI1, WDR72 and probably in other genes that are yet to be discovered. Inheritance of dRTA follows autosomal-dominant and -recessive patterns. Acquired forms of dRTA are caused by various types of autoimmune diseases or adverse effects of some drugs. Incomplete dRTA is frequently found in patients with and without kidney stone disease. These patients fail to appropriately acidify their urine when challenged, suggesting that incomplete dRTA may represent an intermediate state in the spectrum of the ability to excrete acids. Unrecognized or insufficiently treated dRTA can cause rickets and failure to thrive in children, osteomalacia in adults, nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. Electrolyte disorders are also often present and poorly controlled dRTA can increase the risk of developing chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Robert Unwin
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sergio C Lopez-Garcia
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robert Kleta
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Detlef Bockenhauer
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephen Walsh
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
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Molecular Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Significance of Eryptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065079. [PMID: 36982153 PMCID: PMC10049269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite lacking the central apoptotic machinery, senescent or damaged RBCs can undergo an unusual apoptosis-like cell death, termed eryptosis. This premature death can be caused by, or a symptom of, a wide range of diseases. However, various adverse conditions, xenobiotics, and endogenous mediators have also been recognized as triggers and inhibitors of eryptosis. Eukaryotic RBCs are unique among their cell membrane distribution of phospholipids. The change in the RBC membrane composition of the outer leaflet occurs in a variety of diseases, including sickle cell disease, renal diseases, leukemia, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes. Eryptotic erythrocytes exhibit various morphological alterations such as shrinkage, swelling, and increased granulation. Biochemical changes include cytosolic Ca2+ increase, oxidative stress, stimulation of caspases, metabolic exhaustion, and ceramide accumulation. Eryptosis is an effective mechanism for the elimination of dysfunctional erythrocytes due to senescence, infection, or injury to prevent hemolysis. Nevertheless, excessive eryptosis is associated with multiple pathologies, most notably anemia, abnormal microcirculation, and prothrombotic risk; all of which contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms, physiological and pathophysiological relevance of eryptosis, as well as the potential role of natural and synthetic compounds in modulating RBC survival and death.
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40
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Gibson JS, Rees DC. Emerging drug targets for sickle cell disease: shedding light on new knowledge and advances at the molecular level. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:133-149. [PMID: 36803179 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2179484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In sickle cell disease (SCD), a single amino acid substitution at β6 of the hemoglobin (Hb) chain replaces glutamate with valine, forming HbS instead of the normal adult HbA. Loss of a negative charge, and the conformational change in deoxygenated HbS molecules, enables formation of HbS polymers. These not only distort red cell morphology but also have other profound effects so that this simple etiology belies a complex pathogenesis with multiple complications. Although SCD represents a common severe inherited disorder with life-long consequences, approved treatments remain inadequate. Hydroxyurea is currently the most effective, with a handful of newer treatments, but there remains a real need for novel, efficacious therapies. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes important early events in pathogenesis to highlight key targets for novel treatments. EXPERT OPINION A thorough understanding of early events in pathogenesis closely associated with the presence of HbS is the logical starting point for identification of new targets rather than concentrating on more downstream effects. We discuss ways of reducing HbS levels, reducing the impact of HbS polymers, and of membrane events perturbing cell function, and suggest using the unique permeability of sickle cells to target drugs specifically into those more severely compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Gibson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rees
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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41
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Lee CH, Tang JC, Hendricks NG, Anvari B. Proteomes of Micro- and Nanosized Carriers Engineered from Red Blood Cells. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:896-907. [PMID: 36792548 PMCID: PMC10756254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC)-derived systems offer a potential platform for delivery of biomedical cargos. Although the importance of specific proteins associated with the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of these particles has been recognized, it remains to be explored whether some of the key transmembrane and cytoskeletal proteins responsible for immune-modulatory effects and mechanical integrity of the particles are retained. Herein, using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and quantitative tandem mass tag mass spectrometry in conjunction with bioinformatics analysis, we have examined the proteomes of micro- and nanosized erythrocyte ghosts doped with indocyanine green and compared them with those of RBCs. We identified a total of 884 proteins in each set of RBCs, micro-, and nanosized particles, of which 8 and 45 proteins were expressed at significantly different relative abundances when comparing micro-sized particles vs RBCs and nanosized particles vs RBCs, respectively. We found greater differences in relative abundances of some mechano-modulatory proteins, such as band 3 and protein 4.2, and immunomodulatory proteins like CD44, CD47, and CD55 in nanosized particles as compared to RBCs. Our findings highlight that the methods utilized in fabricating RBC-based systems can induce substantial effects on their proteomes. Mass spectrometry data are available at ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD038780.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hua Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jack C Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Nathan G Hendricks
- Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, Proteomics Core, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Bahman Anvari
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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42
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Protein Susceptibility to Peroxidation by 4-Hydroxynonenal in Hereditary Hemochromatosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032922. [PMID: 36769239 PMCID: PMC9917916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron overload caused by hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) increases free reactive oxygen species that, in turn, induce lipid peroxidation. Its 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) by-product is a well-established marker of lipid peroxidation since it reacts with accessible proteins with deleterious consequences. Indeed, elevated levels of HNE are often detected in a wide variety of human diseases related to oxidative stress. Here, we evaluated HNE-modified proteins in the membrane of erythrocytes from HH patients and in organs of Hfe-/- male and female mice, a mouse model of HH. For this purpose, we used one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting and MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis. We identified cytoskeletal membrane proteins and membrane receptors of erythrocytes bound to HNE exclusively in HH patients. Furthermore, kidney and brain of Hfe-/- mice contained more HNE-adducted protein than healthy controls. Our results identified main HNE-modified proteins suggesting that HH favours preferred protein targets for oxidation by HNE.
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43
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Hou M, Xing F, Yang J, Hu F, Pan L, Xu J. Molecular Resolution Mapping of Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton by Ultrastructure Expansion Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201243. [PMID: 36543363 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The combination of expansion microscopy and single-molecule localization microscopy has the potential to approach the molecular resolution. However, this combination meets challenges due to the hydrogel shrinkage in the presence of imaging buffer. Here, a method of ultrastructure expansion single-molecule localization microscopy (U-ExSMLM) based on skillfully adhering the gel onto poly-l-lysine (pLL)-coated coverslip is developed to prevent lateral shrinkage of the hydrogel. U-ExSMLM is then applied to dissect the membrane cytoskeleton organization of human erythrocytes at molecular resolution. The resolved nanoscale spatial distributions of cytoskeleton proteins, including the N/C-termini of β-spectrin, protein 4.1, and tropomodulin, show good agreement with the acknowledged model of erythrocyte cytoskeleton structure, demonstrating the reliability of U-ExSMLM. Furthermore, the concentration of pLL is adjusted to preserve the physiological biconcave morphology of erythrocytes, and it is found that the spectrin cytoskeleton in the dimple regions has lower density and larger length than that in the rim regions, which provides the direct evidence for cytoskeleton asymmetry in human erythrocytes. Therefore, the integrated method offers future opportunities to study the ultrastructure of membrane cytoskeleton at molecular resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics of Education Ministry, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fulin Xing
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics of Education Ministry, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jianyu Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics of Education Ministry, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Fen Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics of Education Ministry, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Leiting Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics of Education Ministry, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Jingjun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics of Education Ministry, School of Physics and TEDA Institute of Applied Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
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44
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Identification of radiation responsive RBC membrane associated proteins (RMAPs) in whole-body γ-irradiated New Zealand white rabbits. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 37:e00783. [PMID: 36718137 PMCID: PMC9883204 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed to identify radiation-responsive RBC Membrane Associated Proteins (RMAPs) in Rabbits in vivo. Male New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to a single acute total body γ-radiation dose of 2 Gy at a dose rate of 0.746 Gy/min. Following this, at early time points of 6 h till the 7 d, RMAPs were collected and analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the biological functions of these proteins. Based on fold change, radiation responsiveness, GO, pathway enrichment, and hub position in the PPI network, we identified seven RMAPs as potential biomarker candidates viz., PVALB, PRKCB, GPD1, CP2G1, CSNK2B, ATP1B1, TPI1. As per KEGG enrichment, most of the proteins were implicated in cellular radiation response, oxidative damage, DNA repair, apoptosis, immune response, and cell signaling. This study forms the foundation for RMAPs-based Proteomic strategies for high throughput radiation bio-dosimetry for triage in the case of a radiological/nuclear incident.
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45
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Möller M, Orrico F, Villar S, López AC, Silva N, Donzé M, Thomson L, Denicola A. Oxidants and Antioxidants in the Redox Biochemistry of Human Red Blood Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:147-168. [PMID: 36643550 PMCID: PMC9835686 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are exposed to both external and internal sources of oxidants that challenge their integrity and compromise their physiological function and supply of oxygen to tissues. Autoxidation of oxyhemoglobin is the main source of endogenous RBC oxidant production, yielding superoxide radical and then hydrogen peroxide. In addition, potent oxidants from other blood cells and the surrounding endothelium can reach the RBCs. Abundant and efficient enzymatic systems and low molecular weight antioxidants prevent most of the damage to the RBCs and also position the RBCs as a sink of vascular oxidants that allow the body to maintain a healthy circulatory system. Among the antioxidant enzymes, the thiol-dependent peroxidase peroxiredoxin 2, highly abundant in RBCs, is essential to keep the redox balance. A great part of the RBC antioxidant activity is supported by an active glucose metabolism that provides reducing power in the form of NADPH via the pentose phosphate pathway. There are several RBC defects and situations that generate oxidative stress conditions where the defense mechanisms are overwhelmed, and these include glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencies (favism), hemoglobinopathies like sickle cell disease and thalassemia, as well as packed RBCs for transfusion that suffer from storage lesions. These oxidative stress-associated pathologies of the RBCs underline the relevance of redox balance in these anucleated cells that lack a mechanism of DNA-inducible antioxidant response and rely on a complex and robust network of antioxidant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias
N. Möller
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Florencia Orrico
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Laboratorio
de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la
República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Sebastián
F. Villar
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Ana C. López
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Laboratorio
de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la
República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Nicolás Silva
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Laboratorio
de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la
República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Departamento
de Medicina Transfusional, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de
Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Marcel Donzé
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Leonor Thomson
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Laboratorio
de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la
República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Ana Denicola
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
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Tkachenko A, Havránek O. Redox Status of Erythrocytes as an Important Factor in Eryptosis and Erythronecroptosis. Folia Biol (Praha) 2023; 69:116-126. [PMID: 38410969 DOI: 10.14712/fb2023069040116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Overall, reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling significantly contributes to initiation and mo-dulation of multiple regulated cell death (RCD) pathways. Lately, more information has become available about RCD modalities of erythrocytes, including the role of ROS. ROS accumulation has therefore been increasingly recognized as a critical factor involved in eryptosis (apoptosis of erythrocytes) and erythro-necroptosis (necroptosis of erythrocytes). Eryptosis is a Ca2+-dependent apoptosis-like RCD of erythrocytes that occurs in response to oxidative stress, hyperosmolarity, ATP depletion, and a wide range of xenobiotics. Moreover, eryptosis seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases and pathological processes. Several studies have reported that erythrocytes can also undergo necroptosis, a lytic RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL-mediated RCD. As an example, erythronecroptosis can occur in response to CD59-specific pore-forming toxins. We have systematically summarized available studies regarding the involvement of ROS and oxidative stress in these two distinct RCDs of erythrocytes. We have focused specifically on cellular signalling pathways involved in ROS-mediated cell death decisions in erythrocytes. Furthermore, we have summarized dysregulation of related erythrocytic antioxidant defence systems. The general concept of the ROS role in eryptotic and necroptotic cell death pathways in erythrocytes seems to be established. However, further studies are required to uncover the complex role of ROS in the crosstalk and interplay between the survival and RCDs of erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Tkachenko
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Havránek
- 1st Department of Medicine - Department of Haematology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic.
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic.
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47
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Vaisey G, Banerjee P, North AJ, Haselwandter CA, MacKinnon R. Piezo1 as a force-through-membrane sensor in red blood cells. eLife 2022; 11:e82621. [PMID: 36515266 PMCID: PMC9750178 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Piezo1 is the stretch activated Ca2+ channel in red blood cells that mediates homeostatic volume control. Here, we study the organization of Piezo1 in red blood cells using a combination of super-resolution microscopy techniques and electron microscopy. Piezo1 adopts a non-uniform distribution on the red blood cell surface, with a bias toward the biconcave 'dimple'. Trajectories of diffusing Piezo1 molecules, which exhibit confined Brownian diffusion on short timescales and hopping on long timescales, also reflect a bias toward the dimple. This bias can be explained by 'curvature coupling' between the intrinsic curvature of the Piezo dome and the curvature of the red blood cell membrane. Piezo1 does not form clusters with itself, nor does it colocalize with F-actin, Spectrin, or the Gardos channel. Thus, Piezo1 exhibits the properties of a force-through-membrane sensor of curvature and lateral tension in the red blood cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Vaisey
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Priyam Banerjee
- Bio-Imaging Resource Center, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Alison J North
- Bio-Imaging Resource Center, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Christoph A Haselwandter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Roderick MacKinnon
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkUnited States
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48
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Li J, Wang X, Zheng N, Wang X, Liu Y, Xue L. A novel variant of SLC4A1 for hereditary spherocytosis in a Chinese family: a case report and systematic review. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:250. [PMID: 36463227 PMCID: PMC9719243 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is approximately 1:2000 in the western population, while it is much lower in the Chinese population. It is difficult to make a definite diagnosis due to the variable genotypic features and the lack of well-documented evidence for HS patients. Gene sequence examination is helpful for clear diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION We presented the case of a 29-year-old male HS patient with skin yellowness, anorexia, and cholecystolithiasis as the first manifestations. Laboratory examination of the patient and his parents showed a mild reduction in hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, increased reticulocytes, and promotion of indirect bilirubin in the patient and his father. Furthermore, small globular red blood cells with increased osmotic fragility were observed. In particular, the eosin-5'-maleimide binding test provided the strong evidence that band 3 protein was deleted in the erythrocyte membrane. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing further demonstrated a heterozygous nonsense variant (exon16, c.G1985A: p.W662X) in SLC4A1, inherited from his father. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with HS, and then was effectively treated. After splenectomy, the anemia was relieved without any obvious unpleasant side effects. CONCLUSION We report an extremely rare case of HS in China that presented with hereditary hemolytic anemia with band 3 deletion resulting from a novel variant of SLC4A1, and systematically review a large number of related literatures. This study, therefore, significantly contributes to the literature on HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Hematology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Xiaozi Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Department of Hematology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Hebei General Hospital, 348 West Heping Road, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liying Xue
- Laboratory of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan Eastern Road, 050000, Shijiazhuang, China.
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49
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Yang Y, Li G, Wang Y, Sun Y, Xu C, Wei Z, Zhang S, Gao L, Liu S, Zhao J. Facile discovery of red blood cell deformation and compromised membrane/skeleton assembly in Prader-Willi syndrome. Front Med 2022; 16:946-956. [PMID: 36385596 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-022-0962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare congenital disease with genetic alterations in chromosome 15. Although genetic disorders and DNA methylation abnormalities involved in PWS have been investigated to a significant degree, other anomalies such as those in erythrocytes may occur and these have not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we uncovered slight anemia in children with PWS that was associated with increased red blood cell (RBC) distribution width (RDW) and contrarily reduced hematocrit (HCT) values. Intriguingly, the increased ratio in RDW to HCT allowed sufficient differentiation between the PWS patients from the healthy controls and, importantly, with individuals exhibiting conventional obesity. Further morphologic examinations revealed a significant deformity in erythrocytes and mild hemolysis in PWS patients. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations unveiled compromised membrane skeletal assembly and membrane lipid composition, and revealed a reduced F-actin/G-actin ratio in PWS patients. We ascribed these phenotypic changes in erythrocytes to the observed genetic defects, including DNA methylation abnormalities. Our collective data allowed us to uncover RBC deformation in children with PWS, and this may constitute an auxiliary indicator of PWS in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashuang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Guimei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Medical Social Work Office, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China. .,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China. .,Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, 250021, China.
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50
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Contraction of the rigor actomyosin complex drives bulk hemoglobin expulsion from hemolyzing erythrocytes. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2022; 22:417-432. [PMID: 36357646 PMCID: PMC10097772 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocyte ghost formation via hemolysis is a key event in the physiological clearance of senescent red blood cells (RBCs) in the spleen. The turnover rate of millions of RBCs per second necessitates a rapid efflux of hemoglobin (Hb) from RBCs by a not yet identified mechanism. Using high-speed video-microscopy of isolated RBCs, we show that electroporation-induced efflux of cytosolic ATP and other small solutes leads to transient cell shrinkage and echinocytosis, followed by osmotic swelling to the critical hemolytic volume. The onset of hemolysis coincided with a sudden self-propelled cell motion, accompanied by cell contraction and Hb-jet ejection. Our biomechanical model, which relates the Hb-jet-driven cell motion to the cytosolic pressure generation via elastic contraction of the RBC membrane, showed that the contributions of the bilayer and the bilayer-anchored spectrin cytoskeleton to the hemolytic cell motion are negligible. Consistent with the biomechanical analysis, our biochemical experiments, involving extracellular ATP and the myosin inhibitor blebbistatin, identify the low abundant non-muscle myosin 2A (NM2A) as the key contributor to the Hb-jet emission and fast hemolytic cell motion. Thus, our data reveal a rapid myosin-based mechanism of hemolysis, as opposed to a much slower diffusive Hb efflux.
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