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Novais EJ, Narayanan R, Canseco JA, van de Wetering K, Kepler CK, Hilibrand AS, Vaccaro AR, Risbud MV. A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification-from bench to bedside. Bone Res 2024; 12:3. [PMID: 38253615 PMCID: PMC10803356 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00307-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Disc degeneration primarily contributes to chronic low back and neck pain. Consequently, there is an urgent need to understand the spectrum of disc degeneration phenotypes such as fibrosis, ectopic calcification, herniation, or mixed phenotypes. Amongst these phenotypes, disc calcification is the least studied. Ectopic calcification, by definition, is the pathological mineralization of soft tissues, widely studied in the context of conditions that afflict vasculature, skin, and cartilage. Clinically, disc calcification is associated with poor surgical outcomes and back pain refractory to conservative treatment. It is frequently seen as a consequence of disc aging and progressive degeneration but exhibits unique molecular and morphological characteristics: hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cell differentiation; TNAP, ENPP1, and ANK upregulation; cell death; altered Pi and PPi homeostasis; and local inflammation. Recent studies in mouse models have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this phenotype. It is essential to recognize that the presentation and nature of mineralization differ between AF, NP, and EP compartments. Moreover, the combination of anatomic location, genetics, and environmental stressors, such as aging or trauma, govern the predisposition to calcification. Lastly, the systemic regulation of calcium and Pi metabolism is less important than the local activity of PPi modulated by the ANK-ENPP1 axis, along with disc cell death and differentiation status. While there is limited understanding of this phenotype, understanding the molecular pathways governing local intervertebral disc calcification may lead to developing disease-modifying drugs and better clinical management of degeneration-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel J Novais
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Unidade Local de Saúde do Litoral Alentejano, Orthopedic Department, Santiago do Cacém, Portugal
| | - Rajkishen Narayanan
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jose A Canseco
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Koen van de Wetering
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher K Kepler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alan S Hilibrand
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander R Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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2
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Kato H, Braddock DT, Ito N. Genetics of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and Ossification of the Spinal Ligaments. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:552-566. [PMID: 37530996 PMCID: PMC10543536 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The study aims to provide updated information on the genetic factors associated with the diagnoses 'Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis' (DISH), 'Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament' (OPLL), and in patients with spinal ligament ossification. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have advanced our knowledge of genetic factors associated with DISH, OPLL, and other spinal ossification (ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament [OALL] and the yellow ligament [OYL]). Several case studies of individuals afflicted with monogenic disorders, such as X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), demonstrate the strong association of fibroblast growth factor 23-related hypophosphatemia with OPLL, suggesting that pathogenic variants in PHEX, ENPP1, and DMP1 are associated with FGF23-phosphate wasting phenotype and strong genetic factors placing patients at risk for OPLL. Moreover, emerging evidence demonstrates that heterozygous and compound heterozygous ENPP1 pathogenic variants inducing 'Autosomal Recessive Hypophosphatemic Rickets Type 2' (ARHR2) also place patients at risk for DISH and OPLL, possibly due to the loss of inhibitory plasma pyrophosphate (PPi) which suppresses ectopic calcification and enthesis mineralization. Our findings emphasize the importance of genetic and plasma biomarker screening in the clinical evaluation of DISH and OPLL patients, with plasma PPi constituting an important new biomarker for the identification of DISH and OPLL patients whose disease course may be responsive to ENPP1 enzyme therapy, now in clinical trials for rare calcification disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Kato
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Osteoporosis Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Nobuaki Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- Osteoporosis Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
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3
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Camici M, Garcia-Gil M, Allegrini S, Pesi R, Bernardini G, Micheli V, Tozzi MG. Inborn Errors of Purine Salvage and Catabolism. Metabolites 2023; 13:787. [PMID: 37512494 PMCID: PMC10383617 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular purine nucleotides derive mainly from de novo synthesis or nucleic acid turnover and, only marginally, from dietary intake. They are subjected to catabolism, eventually forming uric acid in humans, while bases and nucleosides may be converted back to nucleotides through the salvage pathways. Inborn errors of the purine salvage pathway and catabolism have been described by several researchers and are usually referred to as rare diseases. Since purine compounds play a fundamental role, it is not surprising that their dysmetabolism is accompanied by devastating symptoms. Nevertheless, some of these manifestations are unexpected and, so far, have no explanation or therapy. Herein, we describe several known inborn errors of purine metabolism, highlighting their unexplained pathological aspects. Our intent is to offer new points of view on this topic and suggest diagnostic tools that may possibly indicate to clinicians that the inborn errors of purine metabolism may not be very rare diseases after all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Camici
- Unità di Biochimica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- Unità di Fisiologia Generale, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centro per l'Integrazione Della Strumentazione Dell'Università di Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Allegrini
- Unità di Biochimica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centro per l'Integrazione Della Strumentazione Dell'Università di Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossana Pesi
- Unità di Biochimica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vanna Micheli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
- LND Famiglie Italiane ODV-Via Giovanetti 15-20, 16149 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tozzi
- Unità di Biochimica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Koehl B, Vrignaud C, Mikdar M, Nair TS, Yang L, Landry S, Laiguillon G, Giroux‐Lathuile C, Anselme‐Martin S, El Kenz H, Hermine O, Mohandas N, Cartron JP, Colin Y, Detante O, Marlu R, Le Van Kim C, Carey TE, Azouzi S, Peyrard T. Lack of the human choline transporter-like protein SLC44A2 causes hearing impairment and a rare red blood phenotype. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16320. [PMID: 36695047 PMCID: PMC9994479 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood phenotypes are defined by the presence or absence of specific blood group antigens at the red blood cell (RBC) surface, due to genetic polymorphisms among individuals. The recent development of genomic and proteomic approaches enabled the characterization of several enigmatic antigens. The choline transporter-like protein CTL2 encoded by the SLC44A2 gene plays an important role in platelet aggregation and neutrophil activation. By investigating alloantibodies to a high-prevalence antigen of unknown specificity, found in patients with a rare blood type, we showed that SLC44A2 is also expressed in RBCs and carries a new blood group system. Furthermore, we identified three siblings homozygous for a large deletion in SLC44A2, resulting in complete SLC44A2 deficiency. Interestingly, the first-ever reported SLC44A2-deficient individuals suffer from progressive hearing impairment, recurrent arterial aneurysms, and epilepsy. Furthermore, SLC44A2null individuals showed no significant platelet aggregation changes and do not suffer from any apparent hematological disorders. Overall, our findings confirm the function of SLC44A2 in hearing preservation and provide new insights into the possible role of this protein in maintaining cerebrovascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bérengère Koehl
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGRParisFrance
- Department of Child HematologyReference Center for Sickle‐Cell Disease Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de ParisParisFrance
| | - Cédric Vrignaud
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGRParisFrance
| | - Mahmoud Mikdar
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGRParisFrance
| | - Thankam S Nair
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Lucy Yang
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Seyve Landry
- Hemostasis LaboratoryGrenoble Alpes University Hospital GrenobleGrenobleFrance
| | - Guy Laiguillon
- Établissement Français de Sang (EFS) Ile‐de‐France, Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes SanguinsParisFrance
| | | | - Sophie Anselme‐Martin
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne Rhône Alpes, Immunohematology LaboratoryGrenobleFrance
| | - Hanane El Kenz
- Department of Transfusion, Blood Bank, CHU‐Brugmann and Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine FabiolaUniversité Libre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163ParisFrance
| | - Narla Mohandas
- Red Cell Physiology Laboratory, New York Blood CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | - Yves Colin
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGRParisFrance
| | - Olivier Detante
- Stroke Unit, Neurology Department, Grenoble Hospital, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Inserm U1216University of Grenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance
| | - Raphaël Marlu
- Hemostasis LaboratoryGrenoble Alpes University Hospital GrenobleGrenobleFrance
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5525, TIMCGrenobleFrance
| | | | - Thomas E Carey
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Slim Azouzi
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGRParisFrance
- Établissement Français de Sang (EFS) Ile‐de‐France, Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes SanguinsParisFrance
| | - Thierry Peyrard
- Université Paris Cité and Université des Antilles, INSERM, BIGRParisFrance
- Établissement Français de Sang (EFS) Ile‐de‐France, Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes SanguinsParisFrance
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5
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Vrignaud C, Mikdar M, Duval R, Reininger L, Damaraju VL, Sawyer M, Colin Y, Le Van Kim C, Gelly JC, Etchebest C, Peyrard T, Azouzi S. Molecular and structural characterization of a novel high-prevalence antigen of the Augustine blood group system. Transfusion 2023; 63:610-618. [PMID: 36744388 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An antibody directed against a high-prevalence red blood cell (RBC) antigen was detected in a 67-year-old female patient of North African ancestry with a history of a single pregnancy and blood transfusion. So far, the specificity of the proband's alloantibody remained unknown in our immunohematology reference laboratory. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the proband's DNA. The reactivity to the SLC29A1-encoded ENT1 adenosine transporter was investigated by flow cytometry analyses of ENT1-expressing HEK293 cells, and RBCs from Augustine-typed individuals. Erythrocyte protein expression level, nucleoside-binding capacity, and molecular structure of the proband's ENT1 variant were further explored by western blot, flow cytometry, and molecular dynamics calculations, respectively. RESULTS A missense variant was identified in the SLC29A1 gene, which encodes the Augustine blood group system. It arises from homozygosity for a rare c.242A > G missense mutation that results in a nonsynonymous p.Asn81Ser substitution within the large extracellular loop of ENT1. Flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that the proband's antibody was reactive against HEK-293 cells transfected with control but not proband's SLC29A1 cDNA. Consistent with this finding, proband's antibody was found to be reactive with At(a-) (AUG:-2), but not AUG:-1 (null phenotype) RBCs. Data from structural analysis further supported that the proband's p.Asn81Ser variation does not alter ENT1 binding of its specific inhibitor NBMPR. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence for a novel high-prevalence antigen, AUG4 (also called ATAM after the proband's name) in the Augustine blood group system, encoded by the rare SLC29A1 variant allele AUG*04 (c.242A > G, p.Asn81Ser).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Romain Duval
- Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins, Établissement Français de Sang (EFS), Paris, France
| | - Luc Reininger
- Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
| | - Vijaya L Damaraju
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Yves Colin
- Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Thierry Peyrard
- Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins, Établissement Français de Sang (EFS), Paris, France
| | - Slim Azouzi
- Université de Paris Cité, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins, Établissement Français de Sang (EFS), Paris, France
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6
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Pastor-Anglada M, Mata-Ventosa A, Pérez-Torras S. Inborn Errors of Nucleoside Transporter (NT)-Encoding Genes ( SLC28 and SLC29). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8770. [PMID: 35955904 PMCID: PMC9369021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper regulation of nucleotide pools is essential for all types of cellular functions and depends on de novo nucleotide biosynthesis, salvage, and degradation pathways. Despite the apparent essentiality of these processes, a significant number of rare diseases associated with mutations in genes encoding various enzymes of these pathways have been already identified, and others are likely yet to come. However, knowledge on genetic alterations impacting on nucleoside and nucleobase transporters is still limited. At this moment three gene-encoding nucleoside and nucleobase transporter proteins have been reported to be mutated in humans, SLC29A1, SLC29A3, and SLC28A1, impacting on the expression and function of ENT1, ENT3, and CNT1, respectively. ENT1 alterations determine Augustine-null blood type and cause ectopic calcification during aging. ENT3 deficiency translates into various clinical manifestations and syndromes, altogether listed in the OMIM catalog as histiocytosis-lymphoadenopathy plus syndrome (OMIM#602782). CNT1 deficiency causes uridine-cytidineuria (URCTU) (OMIM#618477), a unique type of pyrimidineuria with an as yet not well-known clinical impact. Increasing knowledge on the physiological, molecular and structural features of these transporter proteins is helping us to better understand the biological basis behind the biochemical and clinical manifestations caused by these deficiencies. Moreover, they also support the view that some metabolic compensation might occur in these disturbances, because they do not seem to significantly impact nucleotide homeostasis, but rather other biological events associated with particular subtypes of transporter proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marçal Pastor-Anglada
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER EHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida Mata-Ventosa
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER EHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez-Torras
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER EHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Stenfelt L, Nilsson J, Hellberg Å, Liew YW, Morrison J, Larson G, Olsson ML. Glycoproteomic and Phenotypic Elucidation of B4GALNT2 Expression Variants in the SID Histo-Blood Group System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073936. [PMID: 35409292 PMCID: PMC8999409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sda histo-blood group antigen (GalNAcβ1-4(NeuAcα2-3)Galβ-R) is implicated in various infections and constitutes a potential biomarker for colon cancer. Sd(a−) individuals (2−4% of Europeans) may produce anti-Sda, which can lead to incompatible blood transfusions, especially if donors with the high-expressing Sd(a++)/Cad phenotype are involved. We previously reported the association of B4GALNT2 mutations with Sd(a−), which established the SID blood-group system. The present study provides causal proof underpinning this correlation. Sd(a−) HEK293 cells were transfected with different B4GALNT2 constructs and evaluated by immunostaining and glycoproteomics. The predominant SIDnull candidate allele with rs7224888:T>C (p.Cys406Arg) abolished Sda synthesis, while this antigen was detectable as N- or O-glycans on glycoproteins following transfection of wildtype B4GALNT2. Surprisingly, two rare missense variants, rs148441237:A>G and rs61743617:C>T, found in a Sd(a−) compound heterozygote, gave results similar to wildtype. To elucidate on whether Sd(a++)/Cad also depends on B4GALNT2 alterations, this gene was sequenced in five individuals. No Cad-specific changes were identified, but a detailed erythroid Cad glycoprotein profile was obtained, especially for glycophorin-A (GLPA) O-glycosylation, equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (S29A1) O-glycosylation, and band 3 anion transport protein (B3AT) N-glycosylation. In conclusion, the p.Cys406Arg β4GalNAc-T2 variant causes Sda-deficiency in humans, while the enigmatic Cad phenotype remains unresolved, albeit further characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Stenfelt
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE 221 85 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Jonas Nilsson
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence: (J.N.); (M.L.O.)
| | - Åsa Hellberg
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, SE 221 85 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Yew Wah Liew
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (Y.W.L.); (J.M.)
| | - Jenny Morrison
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (Y.W.L.); (J.M.)
| | - Göran Larson
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, SE 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin L. Olsson
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE 221 85 Lund, Sweden;
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, SE 221 85 Lund, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (J.N.); (M.L.O.)
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8
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Daniels G. Augustine Blood Group System and Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1. Transfus Med Hemother 2022; 49:25-29. [PMID: 35221865 PMCID: PMC8832251 DOI: 10.1159/000520596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Augustine (AUG) is a blood group system comprising four antigens: AUG1, AUG2 (Ata), and AUG4 are of very high frequency; AUG3 is of very low frequency. These antigens are located on ENT1, an equilibrative nucleoside transporter encoded by SLC19A1. AUG antibodies are of clinical relevance in blood transfusion and pregnancy: anti-AUG2 have caused haemolytic transfusion reactions; the only anti-AUG3 was associated with severe haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. ENT1 is present in almost all human tissues. It facilitates the transfer of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides and is responsible for the majority of adenosine transport across plasma membranes. Adenosine transport appears to be an important factor in the regulation of bone metabolism. The AUGnull phenotype (AUG:-1,-2,-3,-4) has been found in three siblings, who are homozygous for an inactivating splice-site mutation in SLC29A1. Although ENT1 is very likely to be absent from all cells in these three individuals, they were apparently healthy with normal lifestyles. However, they suffered frequent attacks of pseudogout, a form of arthritis, in various joints with multiple calcifications around their hand joints. Ectopic calcification in the hips, pubic symphysis, and lumbar discs was present in the propositus. The three AUGnull individuals had misshapen red cells with deregulated protein phosphorylation, but no anaemia or shortening of red cell lifespan. Defective in vitro erythropoiesis in the absence of ENT1 was confirmed by shRNA-mediated knockdown of ENT1 during in vitro erythropoiesis of CD34+ progenitor cells from individuals with normal ENT1. Nucleoside transporters, such as ENT1, are vital in the uptake of synthetic nucleoside analogue drugs, used in cancer and viral chemotherapy. It is feasible that the efficacy of these drugs would be compromised in patients with the extremely rare AUGnull phenotype.
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9
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Nucleoside ENTry modulates erythropoiesis. Blood 2021; 137:3468-3469. [PMID: 34165544 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Mikdar M, González-Menéndez P, Cai X, Zhang Y, Serra M, Dembele AK, Boschat AC, Sanquer S, Chhuon C, Guerrera IC, Sitbon M, Hermine O, Colin Y, Le Van Kim C, Kinet S, Mohandas N, Xia Y, Peyrard T, Taylor N, Azouzi S. The equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT1 is critical for nucleotide homeostasis and optimal erythropoiesis. Blood 2021; 137:3548-3562. [PMID: 33690842 PMCID: PMC8225918 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tight regulation of intracellular nucleotides is critical for the self-renewal and lineage specification of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Nucleosides are major metabolite precursors for nucleotide biosynthesis and their availability in HSCs is dependent on their transport through specific membrane transporters. However, the role of nucleoside transporters in the differentiation of HSCs to the erythroid lineage and in red cell biology remains to be fully defined. Here, we show that the absence of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT1) in human red blood cells with a rare Augustine-null blood type is associated with macrocytosis, anisopoikilocytosis, an abnormal nucleotide metabolome, and deregulated protein phosphorylation. A specific role for ENT1 in human erythropoiesis was demonstrated by a defective erythropoiesis of human CD34+ progenitors following short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of ENT1. Furthermore, genetic deletion of ENT1 in mice was associated with reduced erythroid progenitors in the bone marrow, anemia, and macrocytosis. Mechanistically, we found that ENT1-mediated adenosine transport is critical for cyclic adenosine monophosphate homeostasis and the regulation of erythroid transcription factors. Notably, genetic investigation of 2 ENT1null individuals demonstrated a compensation by a loss-of-function variant in the ABCC4 cyclic nucleotide exporter. Indeed, pharmacological inhibition of ABCC4 in Ent1-/- mice rescued erythropoiesis. Overall, our results highlight the importance of ENT1-mediated nucleotide metabolism in erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mikdar
- Université de Paris, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1134, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, INSERM, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins (CNRGS), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Pedro González-Menéndez
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Universite Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Xiaoli Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Yujin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Marion Serra
- Université de Paris, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1134, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, INSERM, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins (CNRGS), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Abdoul K Dembele
- Université de Paris, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1134, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, INSERM, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins (CNRGS), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | | | - Sylvia Sanquer
- INSERM UMR S1124, Université de Paris, Service de Biochimie Métabolomique et Protéomique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Cerina Chhuon
- Université de Paris, Proteomics Platform 3P5-Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24/CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Ida Chiara Guerrera
- Université de Paris, Proteomics Platform 3P5-Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM US24/CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Marc Sitbon
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Universite Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
- Université de Paris, UMR 8147, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Yves Colin
- Université de Paris, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1134, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, INSERM, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins (CNRGS), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Caroline Le Van Kim
- Université de Paris, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1134, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, INSERM, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins (CNRGS), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Sandrina Kinet
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Universite Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
| | | | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Thierry Peyrard
- Université de Paris, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1134, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, INSERM, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins (CNRGS), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
| | - Naomi Taylor
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, Universite Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Slim Azouzi
- Université de Paris, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S1134, Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, INSERM, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins (CNRGS), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (GR-Ex), Paris, France
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11
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Fournier DE, Beaucage KL, Beach RJ, Kiser PK, Séguin CA, Dixon SJ. Ectopic mineralisation of the mandibular symphysis in ENT1 knockout mice: A model of dystrophic calcification. Bone Rep 2021; 15:101100. [PMID: 34258331 PMCID: PMC8253951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) transfers nucleosides, such as adenosine, across plasma membranes. We reported previously that mice lacking ENT1 (ENT1 -/- ) exhibit progressive ectopic calcification of spinal tissues-a phenotype resembling diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in humans. Our objective was to investigate potential calcification of orofacial tissues in ENT1 -/- mice. Heads of wild-type mice and ENT1 -/- mice from 3 to 17 months were evaluated using microcomputed tomography (μCT). Some heads were decalcified and processed for histological assessment. Other heads were examined using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and micro X-ray diffraction. Using μCT, ENT1 -/- mice showed extensive radiopaque lesions within the mandibular symphysis, the severity of which increased with advancing age. Histologically, at 6 months these ectopic radiopacities were found to correspond to acellular, amorphous, eosinophilic material, with no evidence of inflammatory cells. Because lesions were localised to the symphysis, we identified early pathological changes at 3 months and observed that lesions initiated specifically within the fibrocartilage pad. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of ectopic lesions revealed large amounts of calcium and phosphorous in a molar ratio of ~1.59, and X-ray diffraction profiles matched that of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite. This is the first characterisation of ectopic calcifications within the mandibular symphysis of ENT1 -/- mice, indicating a role for ENT1 and adenosine metabolism in regulating calcification of fibrocartilaginous tissues. Moreover, these murine lesions resemble areas of dystrophic calcification in the spinal tissues of humans with DISH. Importantly, ectopic calcifications develop in a reproducible temporal pattern within a well-defined anatomical region and, thus, provide a model for determining the cellular and molecular pathways underlying ectopic calcification in DISH and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale E Fournier
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim L Beaucage
- Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan J Beach
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patti K Kiser
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryle A Séguin
- Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Jeffrey Dixon
- Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis of Cervical Spine with Dysphagia-Molecular and Clinical Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084255. [PMID: 33923907 PMCID: PMC8074005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a condition characterized by the calcification and ossification of the ligaments of the cervical spine; in some cases, it may result in dysphagia. The condition is more common in men over 50 years of age with metabolic disorders, and it is often asymptomatic and not a major issue for patients. The etiology of DISH is poorly understood, and known genetic factors indicate multiple signal pathways and multigene inheritance. In this review, we discuss the epidemiological, clinical, and etiological aspects of DISH with a special focus on dysphagia.
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13
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Flegel WA, Srivastava K, Sissung TM, Goldspiel BR, Figg WD. Pharmacogenomics with red cells: a model to study protein variants of drug transporter genes. Vox Sang 2021; 116:141-154. [PMID: 32996603 PMCID: PMC9108996 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The PharmacoScan pharmacogenomics platform screens for variation in genes that affect drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, immune adverse reactions and targets. Among the 1,191 genes tested on the platform, 12 genes are expressed in the red cell membrane: ABCC1, ABCC4, ABCC5, ABCG2, CFTR, SLC16A1, SLC19A1, SLC29A1, ATP7A, CYP4F3, EPHX1 and FLOT1. These genes represent 5 ATP-binding cassette proteins, 3 solute carrier proteins, 1 ATP transport protein and 3 genes associated with drug metabolism and adverse drug reactions. Only ABCG2 and SLC29A1 encode blood group systems, JR and AUG, respectively. We propose red cells as an ex vivo model system to study the effect of heritable variants in genes encoding the transport proteins on the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Altered pharmacodynamics in red cells could also cause adverse reactions, such as haemolysis, hitherto unexplained by other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willy Albert Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kshitij Srivastava
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tristan Michael Sissung
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Office of the Clinical Director, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barry Ronald Goldspiel
- Clinical Trials Operations and Informatics Branch, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William Douglas Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, Office of the Clinical Director, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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14
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Zwifelhofer NM, Cai X, Liao R, Mao B, Conn DJ, Mehta C, Keles S, Xia Y, Bresnick EH. GATA factor-regulated solute carrier ensemble reveals a nucleoside transporter-dependent differentiation mechanism. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009286. [PMID: 33370779 PMCID: PMC7793295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental-regulatory networks often include large gene families encoding mechanistically-related proteins like G-protein-coupled receptors, zinc finger transcription factors and solute carrier (SLC) transporters. In principle, a common mechanism may confer expression of multiple members integral to a developmental process, or diverse mechanisms may be deployed. Using genetic complementation and enhancer-mutant systems, we analyzed the 456 member SLC family that establishes the small molecule constitution of cells. This analysis identified SLC gene cohorts regulated by GATA1 and/or GATA2 during erythroid differentiation. As >50 SLC genes shared GATA factor regulation, a common mechanism established multiple members of this family. These genes included Slc29a1 encoding an equilibrative nucleoside transporter (Slc29a1/ENT1) that utilizes adenosine as a preferred substrate. Slc29a1 promoted erythroblast survival and differentiation ex vivo. Targeted ablation of murine Slc29a1 in erythroblasts attenuated erythropoiesis and erythrocyte regeneration in response to acute anemia. Our results reveal a GATA factor-regulated SLC ensemble, with a nucleoside transporter component that promotes erythropoiesis and prevents anemia, and establish a mechanistic link between GATA factor and adenosine mechanisms. We propose that integration of the GATA factor-adenosine circuit with other components of the GATA factor-regulated SLC ensemble establishes the small molecule repertoire required for progenitor cells to efficiently generate erythrocytes. GATA transcription factors endow blood stem and progenitor cells with activities to produce progeny that transport oxygen to protect cells and tissues, evade pathogens and control physiological processes. GATA factors regulate hundreds of genes, and the actions of these genes mediate important biological functions. While the genes have been documented, many questions remain regarding how the “network” components mediate biological functions. The networks include members of large gene families, and the relationships between the regulation and function of individual family members is not well understood. Analyzing datasets from genetic complementation and enhancer mutant systems revealed that GATA factors regulate an ensemble of membrane transporters termed solute carrier proteins (SLCs), which dictate the small molecule composition of cells. Genetic analyses with Slc29a1, which transports adenosine, revealed its function to promote erythrocyte development, and Slc29a1 attenuated anemia in a mouse model. This study revealed the importance of SLC transporters in GATA factor networks. We propose that the GATA factor-adenosine circuit integrates with other SLCs to establish/maintain the small molecule constitution of progenitor cells as a new mechanism to control blood cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M. Zwifelhofer
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Xiaoli Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ruiqi Liao
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Bin Mao
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Conn
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Charu Mehta
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Sunduz Keles
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YX); (EHB)
| | - Emery H. Bresnick
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YX); (EHB)
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15
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Lack of the multidrug transporter MRP4/ABCC4 defines the PEL-negative blood group and impairs platelet aggregation. Blood 2020; 135:441-448. [PMID: 31826245 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019002320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The rare PEL-negative phenotype is one of the last blood groups with an unknown genetic basis. By combining whole-exome sequencing and comparative global proteomic investigations, we found a large deletion in the ABCC4/MRP4 gene encoding an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter in PEL-negative individuals. The loss of PEL expression on ABCC4-CRISPR-Cas9 K562 cells and its overexpression in ABCC4-transfected cells provided evidence that ABCC4 is the gene underlying the PEL blood group antigen. Although ABCC4 is an important cyclic nucleotide exporter, red blood cells from ABCC4null/PEL-negative individuals exhibited a normal guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate level, suggesting a compensatory mechanism by other erythroid ABC transporters. Interestingly, PEL-negative individuals showed an impaired platelet aggregation, confirming a role for ABCC4 in platelet function. Finally, we showed that loss-of-function mutations in the ABCC4 gene, associated with leukemia outcome, altered the expression of the PEL antigen. In addition to ABCC4 genotyping, PEL phenotyping could open a new way toward drug dose adjustment for leukemia treatment.
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16
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Wei CW, Lee CY, Lee DJ, Chu CF, Wang JC, Wang TC, Jane WN, Chang ZF, Leu CM, Dzhagalov IL, Hsu CL. Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 3 Regulates T Cell Homeostasis by Coordinating Lysosomal Function with Nucleoside Availability. Cell Rep 2019; 23:2330-2341. [PMID: 29791845 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are a versatile immune cell population responding to challenges by differentiation and proliferation followed by contraction and memory formation. Dynamic metabolic reprogramming is essential for T cells to meet the biosynthetic needs and the reutilization of biomolecules, processes that require active participation of metabolite transporters. Here, we show that equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3 (ENT3) is highly expressed in peripheral T cells and has a key role in maintaining T cell homeostasis by supporting the proliferation and survival of T cells. ENT3 deficiency leads to an enlarged and disturbed lysosomal compartment, resulting in accumulation of surplus mitochondria, elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and DNA damage in T cells. Our results identify ENT3 as a vital metabolite transporter that supports T cell homeostasis and activation by regulating lysosomal integrity and the availability of nucleosides. Moreover, we uncovered that T cell lysosomes are an important source of salvaged metabolites for survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Wen Wei
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Lee
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Jin Lee
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Feng Chu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chu Wang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Chiao Wang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wann-Neng Jane
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Zee-Fen Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Miin Leu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ivan L Dzhagalov
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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17
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Hyland CA, Roulis EV, Schoeman EM. Developments beyond blood group serology in the genomics era. Br J Haematol 2019; 184:897-911. [PMID: 30706459 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Blood group serology and single nucleotide polymorphism-based genotyping platforms are accurate but do not provide a comprehensive cover for all 36 blood group systems and do not cover the antigen diversity observed among population groups. This review examines the extent to which genomics is shaping blood group serology. Resources for genomics include the Human Reference Genome Sequence assembly; curated blood group tables listing variants; public databases providing information on genetic variants from world-wide studies; and massively parallel sequencing technologies. Blood group genomic studies span the spectrum, from bioinformatic data mining of huge data sets containing whole genome and whole exome information to laboratory investigations utilising targeted sequencing approaches. Blood group predictions based on genome sequencing and genomic studies are proving accurate, and have shown utility in both research and reference settings. Overall, studies confirm the potential for blood group genomics to reshape donor and patient transfusion management strategies to provide more compatible blood transfusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Hyland
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eileen V Roulis
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizna M Schoeman
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals are associated with two important musculoskeletal syndromes. Deposition of BCP crystals in tendons, bursae, and other soft tissues around joints causes calcific periarthritis, whereas intra-articular BCP crystals contribute to osteoarthritis and cause the highly destructive arthritis known as Milwaukee Shoulder Syndrome. The epidemiology and natural history of these syndromes are poorly understood, and because the pathogenesis remains unclear, few targeted therapies are available. I will review new developments in this field. RECENT FINDINGS I will discuss a case collection of calcific periarthritis of the hip, and evidence-based management strategies for shoulder calcific periarthritis that might be applied to calcific periarthritis at other locations. I will summarize several recent articles addressing mechanisms of crystal formation and identifying pathways through which BCP crystals produce tissue damage and explore some newly identified risk factors for pathologic mineralization. SUMMARY We are making slow, but steady progress in understanding the clinical presentation of calcific periarthritis in sites other than the shoulder. A growing appreciation of the mechanisms through which BCP crystals mediate tissue damage should lead to the development of novel management strategies for these common musculoskeletal syndromes.
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Deficiency of perforin and hCNT1, a novel inborn error of pyrimidine metabolism, associated with a rapidly developing lethal phenotype due to multi-organ failure. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1182-1191. [PMID: 30658162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pyrimidine nucleotides are essential for a vast number of cellular processes and dysregulation of pyrimidine metabolism has been associated with a variety of clinical abnormalities. Inborn errors of pyrimidine metabolism affecting enzymes in the pyrimidine de novo and degradation pathway have been identified but no patients have been described with a deficiency in proteins affecting the cellular import of ribonucleosides. In this manuscript, we report the elucidation of the genetic basis of the observed uridine-cytidineuria in a patient presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, persistent lactate acidosis, severely disturbed liver enzymes and ultimately multi-organ failure. Sequence analysis of genes encoding proteins directly involved in the metabolism of uridine and cytidine showed two variants c.1528C > T (p.R510C) and c.1682G > A (p.R561Q) in SLC28A1, encoding concentrative nucleotide transporter 1 (hCNT1). Functional analysis showed that these variants affected the three-dimensional structure of hCNT1, altered glycosylation and decreased the half-life of the mutant proteins which resulted in impaired transport activity. Co-transfection of both variants, mimicking the trans disposition of c.1528C > T (p.R510C) and c.1682G > A (p.R561Q) in the patient, significantly impaired hCNT1 biological function. Whole genome sequencing identified two pathogenic variants c.50delT; p.(Leu17Argfs*34) and c.853_855del; p.(Lys285del) in the PRF1 gene, indicating that our patient was also suffering from Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis type 2. The identification of two co-existing monogenic defects might have resulted in a blended phenotype. Thus, the clinical presentation of isolated hCNT1 deficiency remains to be established.
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20
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Schoeman EM, Roulis EV, Perry MA, Flower RL, Hyland CA. Comprehensive blood group antigen profile predictions for Western Desert Indigenous Australians from whole exome sequence data. Transfusion 2018; 59:768-778. [PMID: 30520525 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distribution of RBC antigens, which define blood group types, differs among populations. In contrast to many world populations, blood group profiles for Indigenous Australians have not been well studied. As it is now possible to predict comprehensive blood group antigen profiles from genomic data sets, we aimed to apply this for Indigenous Australians and to provide a comparison to other major world populations. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Whole exome sequence data for 72 Western Desert Indigenous Australians was provided by the Telethon Kids Institute. Variants (against hg19) were annotated using computer software (ANNOVAR, Qiagen Bioinformatics) and filtered to include only variants in genes for 36 blood group systems, and the transcription factors KLF1 and GATA1. The RHCE*C allele and RHD zygosity were identified by copy number variant analysis of sequence alignments. The impact of missense variants was investigated in silico using a meta-predictor of disease-causing variants (Meta-SNP). RESULTS For 21 blood group systems the predicted blood group antigen frequencies were comparable to those for other major world populations. For 13 systems, interesting points of contrast were identified. Furthermore, we identified 12 novel variants, one novel D allele, and four rare variants with potential clinical significance. CONCLUSION This is the first systematic assessment of genomic data to elucidate blood group antigen profiles for Indigenous Australians who are linguistically and culturally diverse. Our study paves the way to understanding the geographic distribution of blood group variants in different Indigenous groups and the associated RBC phenotypes. This in turn is expected to guide transfusion practice for Indigenous individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizna M Schoeman
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eileen V Roulis
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Maree A Perry
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert L Flower
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Catherine A Hyland
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
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21
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Storry JR, Clausen FB, Castilho L, Chen Q, Daniels G, Denomme G, Flegel WA, Gassner C, de Haas M, Hyland C, Yanli J, Keller M, Lomas-Francis C, Nogues N, Olsson ML, Peyrard T, van der Schoot E, Tani Y, Thornton N, Wagner F, Weinstock C, Wendel S, Westhoff C, Yahalom V. International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party on Red Cell Immunogenetics and Blood Group Terminology: Report of the Dubai, Copenhagen and Toronto meetings. Vox Sang 2018; 114:95-102. [PMID: 30421425 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) Working Party for Red Cell Immunogenetics and Blood Group Terminology meets in association with the ISBT congress and has met three times since the last report: at the international meetings held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, September 2016 and Toronto, Canada, June 2018; and at a regional congress in Copenhagen, Denmark, June 2017 for an interim session. METHODS As in previous meetings, matters pertaining to blood group antigen nomenclature and classification were discussed. New blood group antigens were approved and named according to the serologic and molecular evidence presented. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Fifteen new blood group antigens were added to eight blood group systems. One antigen was made obsolete based on additional data. Consequently, the current total of blood group antigens recognized by the ISBT is 360, of which 322 are clustered within 36 blood groups systems. The remaining 38 antigens are currently unassigned to a known system. Clinically significant blood group antigens continue to be discovered, through serology/sequencing and/or recombinant or genomic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill R Storry
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Lund, Sweden
| | - Frederik Banch Clausen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Laboratory of Blood Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Qing Chen
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Geoff Daniels
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Willy A Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Masja de Haas
- Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ji Yanli
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Martin L Olsson
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thierry Peyrard
- Laboratoire d'Excellence GR-Ex, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Département Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguin, UMR_S1134 Inserm, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Nicole Thornton
- International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize and discuss recent progress and novel signaling mechanisms relevant to bone marrow adipocyte formation and its physiological/pathophysiological implications for bone remodeling. RECENT FINDINGS Skeletal remodeling is a coordinated process entailing removal of old bone and formation of new bone. Several bone loss disorders such as osteoporosis are commonly associated with increased bone marrow adipose tissue. Experimental and clinical evidence supports that a reduction in osteoblastogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells at the expense of adipogenesis, as well as the deleterious effects of adipocyte-derived signaling, contributes to the etiology of osteoporosis as well as bone loss associated with aging, diabetes mellitus, post-menopause, and chronic drug therapy. However, this view is challenged by findings indicating that, in some contexts, bone marrow adipose tissue may have a beneficial impact on skeletal health. Further research is needed to better define the role of marrow adipocytes in bone physiology/pathophysiology and to determine the therapeutic potential of manipulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Muruganandan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rajgopal Govindarajan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christopher J Sinal
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H4R2, Canada.
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23
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Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus colonizes large segments of the human population and causes invasive infections due to its ability to escape phagocytic clearance. During infection, staphylococcal nuclease and adenosine synthase A convert neutrophil extracellular traps to deoxyadenosine (dAdo), which kills phagocytes. The mechanism whereby staphylococcal dAdo intoxicates phagocytes is not known. Here we used CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis to show that phagocyte intoxication involves uptake of dAdo via the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1, dAdo conversion to dAMP by deoxycytidine kinase and adenosine kinase, and signaling via subsequent dATP formation to activate caspase-3-induced cell death. Disruption of this signaling cascade confers resistance to dAdo-induced intoxication of phagocytes and may provide therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant S. aureus strains.
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24
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Disruption of a GATA1-binding motif upstream of XG/ PBDX abolishes Xg a expression and resolves the Xg blood group system. Blood 2018; 132:334-338. [PMID: 29748255 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-842542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Xga blood group is differentially expressed on erythrocytes from men and women. The underlying gene, PBDX, was identified in 1994, but the molecular background for Xga expression remains undefined. This gene, now designated XG, partly resides in pseudoautosomal region 1 and encodes a protein of unknown function from the X chromosome. By comparing calculated Xga allele frequencies in different populations with 2612 genetic variants in the XG region, rs311103 showed the strongest correlation to the expected distribution. The same single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) had the most significant impact on XG transcript levels in whole blood (P = 2.0 × 10-22). The minor allele, rs311103C, disrupts a GATA-binding motif 3.7 kb upstream of the transcription start point. This silences erythroid XG messenger RNA expression and causes the Xg(a-) phenotype, a finding corroborated by SNP genotyping in 158 blood donors. Binding of GATA1 to biotinylated oligonucleotide probes with rs311103G but not rs311103C was observed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and proven by mass spectrometry. Finally, a luciferase reporter assay indicated this GATA motif to be active for rs311103G but not rs311103C in HEL cells. By using an integrated bioinformatic and molecular biological approach, we elucidated the underlying genetic basis for the last unresolved blood group system and made Xga genotyping possible.
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25
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Millard GM, McGowan EC, Wilson B, Martin JR, Spooner M, Morris S, Farley R, James S, Liew YW, Schoeman EM, Dean MM, Flower RL, Hyland CA, Powley T, Roxby D. A proposed new low-frequency antigen in the Augustine blood group system associated with a severe case of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Transfusion 2018; 58:1320-1322. [PMID: 29504136 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glenda M Millard
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eunike C McGowan
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Brett Wilson
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacqui R Martin
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Scott Morris
- Neonatal Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ray Farley
- Neonatal Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Simon James
- Neonatal Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yew-Wah Liew
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizna M Schoeman
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melinda M Dean
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert L Flower
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Catherine A Hyland
- Clinical Services and Research, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tanya Powley
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Roxby
- Neonatal Unit, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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26
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Westhoff CM, Storry JR, Shaz BH. Human Blood Group Antigens and Antibodies. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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27
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Oliveros A, Starski P, Lindberg D, Choi S, Heppelmann CJ, Dasari S, Choi DS. Label-Free Neuroproteomics of the Hippocampal-Accumbal Circuit Reveals Deficits in Neurotransmitter and Neuropeptide Signaling in Mice Lacking Ethanol-Sensitive Adenosine Transporter. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:1445-1459. [PMID: 27998058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The neural circuit of the dorsal hippocampus (dHip) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) contributes to cue-induced learning and addictive behaviors, as demonstrated by the escalation of ethanol-seeking behaviors observed following deletion of the adenosine equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1-/-) in mice. Here we perform quantitative LC-MS/MS neuroproteomics in the dHip and NAc of ENT1-/- mice. Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, we identified proteins associated with increased long-term potentiation, ARP2/3-mediated actin cytoskeleton signaling and protein expression patterns suggesting deficits in glutamate degradation, GABAergic signaling, as well as significant changes in bioenergetics and energy homeostasis (oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, and glycolysis). These pathways are consistent with previously reported behavioral and biochemical phenotypes that typify mice lacking ENT1. Moreover, we validated decreased expression of the SNARE complex protein VAMP1 (synaptobrevin-1) in the dHip as well as decreased expression of pro-dynorphin (PDYN), neuroendocrine convertase (PCSK1), and Leu-Enkephalin (dynorphin-A) in the NAc. Taken together, our proteomic approach provides novel pathways indicating that ENT1-regulated signaling is essential for neurotransmitter release and neuropeptide processing, both of which underlie learning and reward-seeking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Oliveros
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Phillip Starski
- Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Daniel Lindberg
- Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Sun Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Carrie J Heppelmann
- Proteomics Research Center, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States.,Neurobiology of Disease Program, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
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28
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Strazzulla LC, Cronstein BN. Regulation of bone and cartilage by adenosine signaling. Purinergic Signal 2016; 12:583-593. [PMID: 27473363 PMCID: PMC5124004 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-016-9527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing recognition that bone serves important endocrine and immunologic functions that are compromised in several disease states. While many factors are known to affect bone metabolism, recent attention has focused on investigating the role of purinergic signaling in bone formation and regulation. Adenosine is a purine nucleoside produced intracellularly and extracellularly in response to stimuli such as hypoxia and inflammation, which then interacts with P1 receptors. Numerous studies have suggested that these receptors play a pivotal role in osteoblast, osteoclast, and chondrocyte differentiation and function. This review discusses the various ways by which adenosine signaling contributes to bone and cartilage homeostasis, while incorporating potential therapeutic applications of these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Strazzulla
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, New York University , New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Bruce N Cronstein
- Divisions of Rheumatology and Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, New York University, 550 First Avenue, MSB251, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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29
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Ii H, Warraich S, Tenn N, Quinonez D, Holdsworth DW, Hammond JR, Dixon SJ, Séguin CA. Disruption of biomineralization pathways in spinal tissues of a mouse model of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. Bone 2016; 90:37-49. [PMID: 27237608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) mediates passage of adenosine across the plasma membrane. We reported previously that mice lacking ENT1 (ENT1(-/-)) exhibit progressive ectopic mineralization of spinal tissues resembling diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in humans. Here, we investigated mechanisms underlying aberrant mineralization in ENT1(-/-) mice. Micro-CT revealed ectopic mineralization of spinal tissues in both male and female ENT1(-/-) mice, involving the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral discs (IVDs) of older mice. IVDs were isolated from wild-type and ENT1(-/-) mice at 2months of age (prior to disc mineralization), 4, and 6months of age (disc mineralization present) and processed for real-time PCR, cell isolation, or histology. Relative to the expression of ENTs in other tissues, ENT1 was the primary nucleoside transporter expressed in wild-type IVDs and mediated the functional uptake of [(3)H]2-chloroadenosine by annulus fibrosus cells. No differences in candidate gene expression were detected in IVDs from ENT1(-/-) and wild-type mice at 2 or 4months of age. However, at 6months of age, expression of genes that inhibit biomineralization Mgp, Enpp1, Ank, and Spp1 were reduced in IVDs from ENT1(-/-) mice. To assess whether changes detected in ENT1(-/-) mice were cell autonomous, annulus fibrosus cell cultures were established. Compared to wild-type cells, cells isolated from ENT1(-/-) IVDs at 2 or 6months of age demonstrated greater activity of alkaline phosphatase, a promoter of biomineralization. Cells from 2-month-old ENT1(-/-) mice also showed greater mineralization than wild-type. Interestingly, altered localization of alkaline phosphatase activity was detected in the inner annulus fibrosus of ENT1(-/-) mice in vivo. Alkaline phosphatase activity, together with the marked reduction in mineralization inhibitors, is consistent with the mineralization of IVDs seen in ENT1(-/-) mice at older ages. These findings establish that both cell-autonomous and systemic mechanisms contribute to ectopic mineralization in ENT1(-/-) mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Ii
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, and Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Oral Health School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | - Sumeeta Warraich
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, and Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil Tenn
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, and Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diana Quinonez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, and Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David W Holdsworth
- Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, and Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James R Hammond
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Jeffrey Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, and Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryle A Séguin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, and Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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30
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Ezura Y, Lin X, Hatta A, Izu Y, Noda M. Interleukin-1β Suppresses the Transporter Genes Ank and Ent1 Expression in Stromal Progenitor Cells Retaining Mineralization. Calcif Tissue Int 2016; 99:199-208. [PMID: 27086348 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) in various tissues evokes clinical problems. Inflammatory responses of the stromal progenitor cells may be involved in its etiology. Previous report indicated that pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β enhanced the in vitro calcification of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), by suppressing the expression of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 gene (ENPP1). However, possible contribution of other related factors had not been investigated. Here, we investigated the expression of regulators of extracellular pyrophosphate and nucleosides including Enpp1, Nt5e, Ank, Enptds, and Ent1, examining various connective tissue stromal progenitor cells, including bone marrow stromal cells and synovium derived cells from mouse, or bone marrow MSCs from human. Consistent with previous studies, we observed characteristic suppression of the osteoblastic marker genes by IL-1β during the osteogenic culture for 20 days. In addition, we observed a reduced expression of the important transporter genes, Ank and Ent1, whereas the alteration in Enpp1 and Nt5e levels was not always consistent among the cell types. Our results suggest that IL-1β suppresses not only the osteoblastic but also the negative regulators of soft-tissue calcification, including Ank and Ent1 in stromal progenitor cells, which may contribute to the mechanisms of HO in various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Ezura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 5-45 1-Chome, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 5-45 1-Chome, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Arina Hatta
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 5-45 1-Chome, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yayoi Izu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 5-45 1-Chome, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masaki Noda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 5-45 1-Chome, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
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31
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Storry JR, Castilho L, Chen Q, Daniels G, Denomme G, Flegel WA, Gassner C, de Haas M, Hyland C, Keller M, Lomas-Francis C, Moulds JM, Nogues N, Olsson ML, Peyrard T, van der Schoot CE, Tani Y, Thornton N, Wagner F, Wendel S, Westhoff C, Yahalom V. International society of blood transfusion working party on red cell immunogenetics and terminology: report of the Seoul and London meetings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:118-122. [PMID: 29093749 DOI: 10.1111/voxs.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Working Party has met twice since the last report: in Seoul, South Korea 2014, and in London, UK 2015, both in association with the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) Congress. As in previous meetings, matters pertaining to blood group antigen nomenclature were discussed. Eleven new blood group antigens were added to seven blood group systems. This brings the current total of blood group antigens recognized by the ISBT to 346, of which 308 are clustered within 36 blood groups systems. The remaining 38 antigens are currently unassigned to a known blood group system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Storry
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Lund, Sweden
| | - L Castilho
- University of Campinas/Hemocentro, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Q Chen
- Jiangsu Province Blood Center, Nanjing, China
| | - G Daniels
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
| | - G Denomme
- Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - W A Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - C Gassner
- Blutspende Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M de Haas
- Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Hyland
- Australian Red Cross Blood Services, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - M Keller
- American Red Cross Blood Services, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - N Nogues
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M L Olsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - T Peyrard
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Département Centre National de Référence pour les Groupes Sanguins, Inserm UMR_S1134, Paris, France
| | | | - Y Tani
- Osaka Red Cross Blood Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - N Thornton
- International Blood Group Reference Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
| | - F Wagner
- Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Springe, Germany
| | - S Wendel
- Blood Bank, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Westhoff
- New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - V Yahalom
- NBGRL Magen David Adom, Ramat Gan, Israel
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32
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A new polymerase chain reaction: sequence-specific primer method for the Augustine blood type. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2016; 14:577-579. [PMID: 27177399 DOI: 10.2450/2016.0248-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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McBean R, Liew YW, Wilson B, Kupatawintu P, Emthip M, Hyland C, Flower R. Genotyping confirms inheritance of the rare At(a-) type in a case of haemolytic disease of the newborn. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2015; 2:53-5. [PMID: 27499913 PMCID: PMC4858124 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The At(a) blood group antigen (now AUG2 in the Augustine system) is a high-frequency antigen with negative phenotype At(a-) found only in individuals of African ancestry. In a twin pregnancy, the fifth pregnancy in a woman of African origin, serological investigations confirmed that the mother was At(a-) and anti-At(a) was detected. DNA samples were exome sequenced and alignment was performed to allow variant calling. It was confirmed that the single nucleotide polymorphism, rs45458701, within the SLC29A1 gene encoding the ENT1 protein, recently reported to be a basis of the At(a-) phenotype was also the basis of the phenotype in this family. The reagents for serological analysis required to identify the rare blood type present in this mother are held in only a few reference laboratories worldwide. This case highlights the utility of genetic methods in resolving complex investigations involving blood grouping and demonstrates that genotyping of variants associated with blood types present in specific ethnic groups may be the fastest method available for identification of the basis of fetomaternal incompatibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon McBean
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service QLD Australia
| | - Yew-Wah Liew
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service QLD Australia
| | - Brett Wilson
- Red Cell Reference Laboratory, Australian Red Cross Blood Service QLD Australia
| | | | - Morakot Emthip
- National Blood Centre, Thai Red Cross Society Bangkok Thailand
| | - Catherine Hyland
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service QLD Australia
| | - Robert Flower
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service QLD Australia
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34
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Lane WJ, Westhoff CM, Uy JM, Aguad M, Smeland-Wagman R, Kaufman RM, Rehm HL, Green RC, Silberstein LE. Comprehensive red blood cell and platelet antigen prediction from whole genome sequencing: proof of principle. Transfusion 2015; 56:743-54. [PMID: 26634332 PMCID: PMC5019240 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are 346 serologically defined red blood cell (RBC) antigens and 33 serologically defined platelet (PLT) antigens, most of which have known genetic changes in 45 RBC or six PLT genes that correlate with antigen expression. Polymorphic sites associated with antigen expression in the primary literature and reference databases are annotated according to nucleotide positions in cDNA. This makes antigen prediction from next-generation sequencing data challenging, since it uses genomic coordinates. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The conventional cDNA reference sequences for all known RBC and PLT genes that correlate with antigen expression were aligned to the human reference genome. The alignments allowed conversion of conventional cDNA nucleotide positions to the corresponding genomic coordinates. RBC and PLT antigen prediction was then performed using the human reference genome and whole genome sequencing (WGS) data with serologic confirmation. RESULTS Some major differences and alignment issues were found when attempting to convert the conventional cDNA to human reference genome sequences for the following genes: ABO, A4GALT, RHD, RHCE, FUT3, ACKR1 (previously DARC), ACHE, FUT2, CR1, GCNT2, and RHAG. However, it was possible to create usable alignments, which facilitated the prediction of all RBC and PLT antigens with a known molecular basis from WGS data. Traditional serologic typing for 18 RBC antigens were in agreement with the WGS-based antigen predictions, providing proof of principle for this approach. CONCLUSION Detailed mapping of conventional cDNA annotated RBC and PLT alleles can enable accurate prediction of RBC and PLT antigens from whole genomic sequencing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Lane
- Department of Pathology.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Heidi L Rehm
- Department of Pathology.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine.,Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Partners Healthcare Personalized Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leslie E Silberstein
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital
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