Sleep disorders in pregnancy

Prevalence of Sleep Disorders and the Effect of Sleep Health Education on Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women With Sleep Disorders

Objective

Sleep quality affects pregnant women's health and quality of life. The aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders and the effect of sleep health education on sleep quality in pregnant women with sleep disorders.

Methods

To examine the frequency of sleep disorders among pregnant women, a cross-sectional study was conducted with an initial enrollment of 370 participants. Subsequently, 162 pregnant women were recruited for a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design study. The intervention group (n = 82) performed sleep health education for four weeks and the control group (n = 80) received standard care. Sleep quality was assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality.

Results

The prevalence of sleep disorder was 61.9 percent (CI 95% 56.85-66.69). It was determined that health education improved some sleep quality subscales including subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration and habitual sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, and global sleep quality. The difference was still significant after adjusting for the PSQI baseline (η2 = .311, P < .001).

Conclusion

These findings provide evidence of a relatively high prevalence of sleep disorders in pregnancy. Therefore, screening for sleep disorders and providing supportive programs and models to improve sleep quality during pregnancy should be considered as part of prenatal care.

Sleep disturbance and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION

Globally, sleep disturbance is the foremost public health issue among pregnant women which might have undesirable birth outcome including neurocognitive impairment, preterm birth, low birth weight, and neonatal morbidity and mortality. In Ethiopia, inconsistent findings have been reported on the prevalence of sleep disturbance among pregnant women. Therefore, this review aims to estimate the pooled prevalence sleep disturbance and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.

METHODS

This systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was designed according to the PRISMA guideline. A systematic search of literature was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, and Google Scholar using relevant searching key terms. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of all selected articles. Data were analyzed using STATA Version 14 software. Publication bias was checked using Egger's test and funnel plot. Cochran's chi-squared test and I2 values were used to assess heterogeneity. A fixed-effects model was applied during meta-analysis.

RESULTS

In this review, six studies were included after reviewing 17,100 articles. The pooled prevalence of sleep disturbance among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 50.43% (95%CI: 39.34-61.52). Third trimester pregnancy AOR = 4.03; 95% CI: 2.84,5.71), multigravidity (AOR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.54, 2.59), unplanned pregnancy (AOR = 2.56; 95% CI: 1.52,4.31), depression (AOR = 3.57; 95% CI: 2.04, 6.27), stress (AOR = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.57, 4.88), anxiety (AOR = 3.69; 95% CI: 1.42, 9.59) and poor sleep hygiene (AOR = 2.49; 95% CI: 1.56, 3.99) and were statistically associated with sleep disturbance among pregnant women.

CONCLUSION

This review revealed that the magnitude of sleep disturbance among pregnant woman in Ethiopia was relatively high and multiple factors determined the likelihood of having a disturbed sleep-awake pattern. Thus, the implementation of interventions for sleep disturbance after screening pregnant women is needed. Moreover, public health interventions targeted on the prevention of unintended pregnancy and depression during pregnancy should be implemented.

What we do and do not know about managing respiratory disease in pregnancy

Prior to the twentieth century, pregnancy and childbirth were highly risky endeavours for any woman in even the most advanced societies. As recently as 1900, maternal mortality in the UK ran at close to five deaths per 1000 births, and was even higher in the USA [1]. Such a death toll would be inconceivable in the developed world now, and the transformation of societal expectations around childbirth, from an event of fear and great hazard to a joyous bonding experience, may represent one of the great achievements of modern healthcare.

Respiratory disorders are common in pregnant women, but their exclusion from clinical trials makes decisions around pharmacotherapy challenging. Developing programmes designed to improve evidence in pregnancy should be a priority for respiratory research.https://bit.ly/3n6aX42