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Thatcher TH, Freeberg MAT, Myo YPA, Sime PJ. Is there a role for specialized pro-resolving mediators in pulmonary fibrosis? Pharmacol Ther 2023; 247:108460. [PMID: 37244406 PMCID: PMC10335230 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrotic diseases are characterized by proliferation of lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. Depending on the specific form of lung fibrosis, there can be progressive scarring of the lung, leading in some cases to respiratory failure and/or death. Recent and ongoing research has demonstrated that resolution of inflammation is an active process regulated by families of small bioactive lipid mediators termed "specialized pro-resolving mediators." While there are many reports of beneficial effects of SPMs in animal and cell culture models of acute and chronic inflammatory and immune diseases, there have been fewer reports investigating SPMs and fibrosis, especially pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we will review evidence that resolution pathways are impaired in interstitial lung disease, and that SPMs and other similar bioactive lipid mediators can inhibit fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, and accumulation of excess extracellular matrix in cell culture and animal models of pulmonary fibrosis, and we will consider future therapeutic implications of SPMs in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Thatcher
- Division of Pulmonary Care and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Margaret A T Freeberg
- Division of Pulmonary Care and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yu Par Aung Myo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Division of Pulmonary Care and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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2
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Specialized Proresolving Lipid Mediators: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063133. [PMID: 35328553 PMCID: PMC8955102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global public health issue due to its high morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. The implementation of innovative therapeutic alternatives for CVD is urgently required. Specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) are bioactive compounds derived from ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, integrated into four families: Lipoxins, Resolvins, Protectins, and Maresins. SPMs have generated interest in recent years due to their ability to promote the resolution of inflammation associated with the pathogeneses of numerous illnesses, particularly CVD. Several preclinical studies in animal models have evidenced their ability to decrease the progression of atherosclerosis, intimal hyperplasia, and reperfusion injury via diverse mechanisms. Large-scale clinical trials are required to determine the effects of SPMs in humans. This review integrates the currently available knowledge of the therapeutic impact of SPMs in CVD from preclinical and clinical studies, along with the implicated molecular pathways. In vitro results have been promising, and as such, SPMs could soon represent a new therapeutic alternative for CVD.
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Yang A, Wu Y, Yu G, Wang H. Role of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in pulmonary inflammation diseases: mechanisms and development. Respir Res 2021; 22:204. [PMID: 34261470 PMCID: PMC8279385 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01792-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential mechanism of various diseases. The development and resolution of inflammation are complex immune-modulation processes which induce the involvement of various types of immune cells. Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) have been demonstrated to be signaling molecules in inflammation. SPMs are involved in the pathophysiology of different diseases, especially respiratory diseases, including asthma, pneumonia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. All of these diseases are related to the inflammatory response and its persistence. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and development of inflammation in respiratory disease, and the roles of the SPM family in the resolution process, might be useful in the quest for novel therapies and preventive measures for pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng, , Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanjun Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng, , Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ganggang Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng, , Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Haoyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong An Road, Xicheng, , Beijing, 100050, China.
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Prasanna P, Rathee S, Upadhyay A, Sulakshana S. Nanotherapeutics in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Life Sci 2021; 276:119428. [PMID: 33785346 PMCID: PMC7999693 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a form of oxygenation failure primarily characterized by rapid inflammation resulting from a direct pulmonary or indirect systemic insult. ARDS has been a major cause of death in the recent COVID-19 outbreak wherein asymptomatic respiratory tract infection progresses to ARDS from pneumonia have emphasized the need for a reliable therapy for the disease. The disease has a high mortality rate of approximately 30-50%. Despite the high mortality rate, a dearth of effective pharmacotherapy exists that demands extensive research in this area. The complex ARDS pathophysiology which remains to be understood completely and the multifactorial etiology of the disease has led to the poor diagnosis, impeded drug-delivery to the deeper pulmonary tissues, and delayed treatment of the ARDS patients. Besides, critically ill patients are unable to tolerate the off-target side effects. The vast domain of nanobiotechnology presents several drug delivery systems offering numerous benefits such as targeted delivery, prolonged drug release, and uniform drug-distribution. The present review presents a brief insight into the ARDS pathophysiology and summarizes conventional pharmacotherapies available to date. Furthermore, the review provides an updated report of major developments in the nanomedicinal approaches for the treatment of ARDS. We also discuss different nano-formulations studied extensively in the ARDS preclinical models along with underlining the advantages as well as challenges that need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Prasanna
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, Bihar 844102, India
| | - Shweta Rathee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat, Haryana 131028, India
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sulakshana Sulakshana
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences (SRMS-IMS), Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243202, India.
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Mei HX, Ye Y, Xu HR, Xiang SY, Yang Q, Ma HY, Jin SW, Wang Q. LXA4 Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Cell Accumulation by Resident Macrophages in Mice. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1375-1385. [PMID: 33880053 PMCID: PMC8052121 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s301292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alveolar macrophages that regulate the inflammatory response in lungs are the main target cell for the treatment of inflammatory pulmonary pathologies, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Yolk sac derived alveolar resident macrophages play an important role in the pulmonary inflammatory response. With regards to anti-inflammatory actions, lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has been identified as an inflammatory "braking signal". Methods In vivo, LXA4 (0.1 µg/mouse) was injected intraperitoneally after intratracheal (1 mg/kg) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration; flow cytometry was used to measure peripheral blood monocyte derived recruited macrophage and neutrophil numbers; resident alveolar macrophage was depleted by liposome clodronate; CXCL2, CCL2, MMP9 level was detected by RT-PCR and ELISA. In vitro, sorted resident macrophages (1×106) were cultured with LPS (1 μg/mL) and LXA4 (100 nmol/mL) with or without BOC-2 (10 μM) for 24 h to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of LXA4. Results LXA4 inhibited tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production induced by LPS. LXA4 also mediated LPS-induced macrophage recruitment and showed that this was dependent on CCL2 secretion and release by resident macrophages. LXA4 protects lung tissue by inhibiting neutrophil recruitment, partly through the CXCL2/MMP-9 signaling pathway. CXCL2 and MMP-9 are mainly expressed by resident macrophages and neutrophils, respectively. Finally, LXA4's beneficial effects were abrogated by BOC-2, an LXA4 receptor inhibitor. Conclusion These results suggest that LXA4 may be a promising therapy for preventing and treating ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Mei
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ye
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ran Xu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yang Xiang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yu Ma
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Wei Jin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
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Croasdell Lucchini A, Gachanja NN, Rossi AG, Dorward DA, Lucas CD. Epithelial Cells and Inflammation in Pulmonary Wound Repair. Cells 2021; 10:339. [PMID: 33562816 PMCID: PMC7914803 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are frequently characterised by epithelial injury, airway inflammation, defective tissue repair, and airway remodelling. This may occur in a subacute or chronic context, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or occur acutely as in pathogen challenge and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Despite the frequent challenge of lung homeostasis, not all pulmonary insults lead to disease. Traditionally thought of as a quiescent organ, emerging evidence highlights that the lung has significant capacity to respond to injury by repairing and replacing damaged cells. This occurs with the appropriate and timely resolution of inflammation and concurrent initiation of tissue repair programmes. Airway epithelial cells are key effectors in lung homeostasis and host defence; continual exposure to pathogens, toxins, and particulate matter challenge homeostasis, requiring robust defence and repair mechanisms. As such, the epithelium is critically involved in the return to homeostasis, orchestrating the resolution of inflammation and initiating tissue repair. This review examines the pivotal role of pulmonary airway epithelial cells in initiating and moderating tissue repair and restitution. We discuss emerging evidence of the interactions between airway epithelial cells and candidate stem or progenitor cells to initiate tissue repair as well as with cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems in driving successful tissue regeneration. Understanding the mechanisms of intercellular communication is rapidly increasing, and a major focus of this review includes the various mediators involved, including growth factors, extracellular vesicles, soluble lipid mediators, cytokines, and chemokines. Understanding these areas will ultimately identify potential cells, mediators, and interactions for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christopher D. Lucas
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; (A.C.L.); (N.N.G.); (A.G.R.); (D.A.D.)
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7
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Morris G, Bortolasci CC, Puri BK, Olive L, Marx W, O'Neil A, Athan E, Carvalho A, Maes M, Walder K, Berk M. Preventing the development of severe COVID-19 by modifying immunothrombosis. Life Sci 2021; 264:118617. [PMID: 33096114 PMCID: PMC7574725 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with significant morbidity and high levels of mortality. This paper describes the processes involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 from the initial infection and subsequent destruction of type II alveolar epithelial cells by SARS-CoV-2 and culminating in the development of ARDS. MAIN BODY The activation of alveolar cells and alveolar macrophages leads to the release of large quantities of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and their translocation into the pulmonary vasculature. The presence of these inflammatory mediators in the vascular compartment leads to the activation of vascular endothelial cells platelets and neutrophils and the subsequent formation of platelet neutrophil complexes. These complexes in concert with activated endothelial cells interact to create a state of immunothrombosis. The consequence of immunothrombosis include hypercoagulation, accelerating inflammation, fibrin deposition, migration of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) producing neutrophils into the alveolar apace, activation of the NLRP3 inflammazome, increased alveolar macrophage destruction and massive tissue damage by pyroptosis and necroptosis Therapeutic combinations aimed at ameliorating immunothrombosis and preventing the development of severe COVID-19 are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Olive
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eugene Athan
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andre Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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8
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Jaén RI, Sánchez-García S, Fernández-Velasco M, Boscá L, Prieto P. Resolution-Based Therapies: The Potential of Lipoxins to Treat Human Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:658840. [PMID: 33968061 PMCID: PMC8102821 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.658840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an a physiological response instead an essential response of the organism to injury and its adequate resolution is essential to restore homeostasis. However, defective resolution can be the precursor of severe forms of chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Nowadays, it is known that an excessive inflammatory response underlies the most prevalent human pathologies worldwide. Therefore, great biomedical research efforts have been driven toward discovering new strategies to promote the resolution of inflammation with fewer side-effects and more specificity than the available anti-inflammatory treatments. In this line, the use of endogenous specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) has gained a prominent interest. Among the different SPMs described, lipoxins stand out as one of the most studied and their deficiency has been widely associated with a wide range of pathologies. In this review, we examined the current knowledge on the therapeutic potential of lipoxins to treat diseases characterized by a severe inflammatory background affecting main physiological systems, paying special attention to the signaling pathways involved. Altogether, we provide an updated overview of the evidence suggesting that increasing endogenously generated lipoxins may emerge as a new therapeutic approach to prevent and treat many of the most prevalent diseases underpinned by an increased inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael I. Jaén
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María Fernández-Velasco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de investigación del Hospital la Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Lisardo Boscá, ; Patricia Prieto,
| | - Patricia Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Lisardo Boscá, ; Patricia Prieto,
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Flitter BA, Fang X, Matthay MA, Gronert K. The potential of lipid mediator networks as ocular surface therapeutics and biomarkers. Ocul Surf 2021; 19:104-114. [PMID: 32360792 PMCID: PMC7606340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the last twenty years an impressive body of evidence in diverse inflammatory animal disease models and human tissues, has established polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived specialized-pro-resolving mediators (SPM), as essential mediators for controlling acute inflammation, immune responses, wound healing and for resolving acute inflammation in many non-ocular tissues. SPM pathways and receptors are highly expressed in the ocular surface where they regulate wound healing, nerve regeneration, innate immunity and sex-specific regulation of auto-immune responses. Recent evidence indicates that in the eye these resident SPM networks are important for maintaining ocular surface health and immune homeostasis. Here, we will review and discuss evidence for SPMs and other PUFA-derived mediators as important endogenous regulators, biomarkers for ocular surface health and disease and their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becca A Flitter
- School of Optometry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Vision Science Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xiaohui Fang
- Department of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Matthay
- Department of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karsten Gronert
- School of Optometry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Vision Science Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Infectious Diseases and Immunity Program, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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10
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Lipoxin A4-Mediated p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway Protects Mice Against Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Biochem Genet 2020; 59:346-365. [PMID: 33221976 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-10016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the article was to study the mechanism of Lipoxin A4 (LXA4)-mediated p38 MAPK pathway protecting mice against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The impact of LXA4 (0, 5, 10, 15 nM) on synoviocytes proliferation of CIA mice was detected using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. CIA mice were treated with LXA4, SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor), and/or anisomycin (a p38 agonist), and the arthritis severity score in each mouse was determined. The gene or protein expressions were detected with Western Blotting, ELISA, or qRT-PCR. LXA4 inhibited the synoviocytes proliferation of CIA mice with decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ and reduced p-p38/total p38 expression in synoviocytes in a dose-dependent manner. LXA4 levels were decreased in synovial tissues and plasma of CIA mice, but p-p38/total p38 expression was increased in synovial tissues. LXA4 could downregulate p-p38/total p38 expression in synovial tissues of CIA mice. Both LXA4 and SB203580 reduced arthritis severity score of CIA mice with the reduction of synovial tissue hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration. CIA mice treated with LXA4 and SB203580 had lower levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, accompanying decreased MDA as well as increased SOD, CAT,and GPx. However, anisomycin could reverse the protect effects of LXA4 on CIA mice regarding the abovementioned inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indexes. LXA4 protected mice against collagen-induced arthritis via inhibiting p38 MAPK signaling pathway, which may be a potential new therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis.
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11
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Kim H, Park SH, Han SY, Lee YS, Cho J, Kim JM. LXA 4-FPR2 signaling regulates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis via crosstalk with TGF-β/Smad signaling. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:653. [PMID: 32811815 PMCID: PMC7434774 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is an important modality in the treatment of lung cancer, but it can lead to radiation pneumonitis, and eventually radiation fibrosis. To date, only few available drugs can effectively manage radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Lipoxins are endogenous molecules exhibit anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects. These molecules play a vital role in reducing excessive tissue injury and chronic inflammation; however, their effects on radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) are unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on RILI using our specialized small-animal model of RILI following focal-ablative lung irradiation (IR). LXA4 significantly inhibited immune-cell recruitment and reduced IR-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic proteins in the lung lesion sites. In addition, micro-CT revealed that LXA4 reduced IR-induced increases in lung consolidation volume. The flexiVentTM assays showed that LXA4 significantly reversed IR-induced lung function damage. Moreover, LXA4 downregulated the activities of NF-κB and the Smad-binding element promoters. The expression of FPR2, an LXA4 receptor, increased during the development of IR-induced pulmonary fibrosis, whereas silencing of endogenous LXA4 using an antagonist (WRW4) or FPR2 siRNA resulted in impaired development of pulmonary fibrosis in response to IR. Collectively, these data suggest that LXA4 could serve as a potent therapeutic agent for alleviating RILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hyo Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Song Yee Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaeho Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Mo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Horie S, McNicholas B, Rezoagli E, Pham T, Curley G, McAuley D, O'Kane C, Nichol A, Dos Santos C, Rocco PRM, Bellani G, Laffey JG. Emerging pharmacological therapies for ARDS: COVID-19 and beyond. Intensive Care Med 2020; 46:2265-2283. [PMID: 32654006 PMCID: PMC7352097 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-020-06141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ARDS, first described in 1967, is the commonest form of acute severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. Despite considerable advances in our knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of ARDS, insights into the biologic mechanisms of lung injury and repair, and advances in supportive care, particularly ventilatory management, there remains no effective pharmacological therapy for this syndrome. Hospital mortality at 40% remains unacceptably high underlining the need to continue to develop and test therapies for this devastating clinical condition. The purpose of the review is to critically appraise the current status of promising emerging pharmacological therapies for patients with ARDS and potential impact of these and other emerging therapies for COVID-19-induced ARDS. We focus on drugs that: (1) modulate the immune response, both via pleiotropic mechanisms and via specific pathway blockade effects, (2) modify epithelial and channel function, (3) target endothelial and vascular dysfunction, (4) have anticoagulant effects, and (5) enhance ARDS resolution. We also critically assess drugs that demonstrate potential in emerging reports from clinical studies in patients with COVID-19-induced ARDS. Several therapies show promise in earlier and later phase clinical testing, while a growing pipeline of therapies is in preclinical testing. The history of unsuccessful clinical trials of promising therapies underlines the challenges to successful translation. Given this, attention has been focused on the potential to identify biologically homogenous subtypes within ARDS, to enable us to target more specific therapies ‘precision medicines.’ It is hoped that the substantial number of studies globally investigating potential therapies for COVID-19 will lead to the rapid identification of effective therapies to reduce the mortality and morbidity of this devastating form of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahd Horie
- Lung Biology Group, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Bairbre McNicholas
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Emanuele Rezoagli
- Lung Biology Group, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.,Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Tài Pham
- Service de médecine Intensive-Réanimation, AP-HP, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Ger Curley
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Danny McAuley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Cecilia O'Kane
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alistair Nichol
- Clinical Research Centre at St Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Intensive Care Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claudia Dos Santos
- Keenan Research Centre and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giacomo Bellani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Department of Emergency and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - John G Laffey
- Lung Biology Group, Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland. .,Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland.
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13
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Zheng S, Yang J, Hu X, Li M, Wang Q, Dancer RCA, Parekh D, Gao-Smith F, Thickett DR, Jin S. Vitamin D attenuates lung injury via stimulating epithelial repair, reducing epithelial cell apoptosis and inhibits TGF-β induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113955. [PMID: 32251673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D regulates cell proliferation, inhibits cytokines release at sites of inflammation and reduces inflammatory responses. In this study, the aim was to investigate whether exogenous vitamin D attenuates LPS-induced lung injury via modulating epithelial cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Murine and in vitro primary type II alveolar epithelial cell work were included in this study. In vivo, mice were mildly vitamin D deficient, 0.1, 1.5, 10 mg/kg 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 or 25(OH)-vitamin D3 was administrated by means of an intra-gastric injection for 14 days pre-intra-tracheal (IT) LPS, which remarkedly promoted alveolar epithelial type II cells proliferation, inhibited ATII cells apoptosis and inhibited EMT, with the outcome of attenuated LPS-induced lung injury. In vitro, vitamin D stimulated epithelial cell scratch wound repair, reduced primary ATII cells apoptosis as well. Vitamin D promoted primary human ATII cells proliferation through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and activation of vitamin D receptor (VDR). Moreover, vitamin D inhibited EMT in response to TGF-β, which was vitamin D receptor dependent. In conclusion, vitamin D attenuates lung injury via stimulating ATII cells proliferation and migration, reducing epithelial cell apoptosis and inhibits TGF-β induced EMT. Together, these results suggest that vitamin D has therapeutic potential for the resolution of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShengXing Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - JingXiang Yang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Rachel C A Dancer
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Aging, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Dhruv Parekh
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Aging, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Fang Gao-Smith
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China; Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Aging, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - David R Thickett
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Aging, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - ShengWei Jin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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14
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Yang JX, Li M, Chen XO, Lian QQ, Wang Q, Gao F, Jin SW, Zheng SX. Lipoxin A 4 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury through stimulating epithelial proliferation, reducing epithelial cell apoptosis and inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Respir Res 2019; 20:192. [PMID: 31438948 PMCID: PMC6704532 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1158-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by alveolar epithelial disruption. Lipoxins (LXs), as so-called “braking signals” of inflammation, are the first mediators identified to have dual anti-inflammatory and inflammatory pro-resolving properties. Methods In vivo, lipoxinA4 was administrated intraperitoneally with 1 μg/per mouse after intra-tracheal LPS administration (10 mg/kg). Apoptosis, proliferation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of AT II cells were measured by immunofluorescence. In vitro, primary human alveolar type II cells were used to model the effects of lipoxin A4 upon proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Results In vivo, lipoxin A4 markedly promoted alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT II cells) proliferation, inhibited AT II cells apoptosis, reduced cleaved caspase-3 expression and epithelial–mesenchymal transition, with the outcome of attenuated LPS-induced lung injury. In vitro, lipoxin A4 increased primary human alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT II cells) proliferation and reduced LPS induced AT II cells apoptosis. LipoxinA4 also inhibited epithelial mesenchymal transition in response to TGF-β1, which was lipoxin receptor dependent. In addition, Smad3 inhibitor (Sis3) and PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) treatment abolished the inhibitory effects of lipoxinA4 on the epithelial mesenchymal transition of primary human AT II cells. Lipoxin A4 significantly downregulated the expressions of p-AKT and p-Smad stimulated by TGF-β1 in primary human AT II cells. Conclusion LipoxinA4 attenuates lung injury via stimulating epithelial cell proliferation, reducing epithelial cell apoptosis and inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-019-1158-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xiang Yang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Xin-Ou Chen
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Qing-Quan Lian
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Aging, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Sheng-Wei Jin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Sheng-Xing Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
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15
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Potey PM, Rossi AG, Lucas CD, Dorward DA. Neutrophils in the initiation and resolution of acute pulmonary inflammation: understanding biological function and therapeutic potential. J Pathol 2019; 247:672-685. [PMID: 30570146 PMCID: PMC6492013 DOI: 10.1002/path.5221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the often fatal sequelae of a broad range of precipitating conditions. Despite decades of intensive research and clinical trials there remain no therapies in routine clinical practice that target the dysregulated and overwhelming inflammatory response that characterises ARDS. Neutrophils play a central role in the initiation, propagation and resolution of this complex inflammatory environment by migrating into the lung and executing a variety of pro-inflammatory functions. These include degranulation with liberation of bactericidal proteins, release of cytokines and reactive oxygen species as well as production of neutrophil extracellular traps. Although these functions are advantageous in clearing bacterial infection, the consequence of associated tissue damage, the contribution to worsening acute inflammation and prolonged neutrophil lifespan at sites of inflammation are deleterious. In this review, the importance of the neutrophil will be considered, together with discussion of recent advances in understanding neutrophil function and the factors that influence them throughout the phases of inflammation in ARDS. From a better understanding of neutrophils in this context, potential therapeutic targets are identified and discussed. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Md Potey
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher D Lucas
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David A Dorward
- The University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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16
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Morales-Ortíz J, Deal V, Reyes F, Maldonado-Martínez G, Ledesma N, Staback F, Croft C, Pacheco A, Ortiz-Zuazaga H, Yost CC, Rowley JW, Madera B, John AS, Chen J, Lopez J, Rondina MT, Hunter R, Gibson A, Washington AV. Platelet-derived TLT-1 is a prognostic indicator in ALI/ARDS and prevents tissue damage in the lungs in a mouse model. Blood 2018; 132:2495-2505. [PMID: 30282800 PMCID: PMC6284217 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-841593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) affect >200 000 individuals yearly with a 40% mortality rate. Although platelets are implicated in the progression of ALI/ARDS, their exact role remains undefined. Triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells (TREM)-like transcript 1 (TLT-1) is found on platelets, binds fibrinogen, and mediates clot formation. We hypothesized that platelets use TLT-1 to manage the progression of ALI/ARDS. Here we retrospectively measure plasma levels of soluble TLT-1 (sTLT-1) from the ARDS Network clinical trial and show that patients whose sTLT-1 levels were >1200 pg/mL had nearly twice the mortality risk as those with <1200 pg/mL (P < .001). After correcting for confounding factors such as creatinine levels, Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation III scores, age, platelet counts, and ventilation volume, sTLT-1 remains significant, suggesting that sTLT-1 is an independent prognostic factor (P < .0001). These data point to a role for TLT-1 during the progression of ALI/ARDS. We use a murine lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI model and demonstrate increased alveolar bleeding, aberrant neutrophil transmigration and accumulation associated with decreased fibrinogen deposition, and increased pulmonary tissue damage in the absence of TLT-1. The loss of TLT-1 resulted in an increased proportion of platelet-neutrophil conjugates (43.73 ± 24.75% vs 8.92 ± 2.4% in wild-type mice), which correlated with increased neutrophil death. Infusion of sTLT-1 restores normal fibrinogen deposition and reduces pulmonary hemorrhage by 40% (P ≤ .001) and tissue damage by 25% (P ≤ .001) in vivo. Our findings suggest that TLT-1 uses fibrinogen to govern the transition between inflammation and hemostasis and facilitate controlled leukocyte transmigration during the progression of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Deal
- Division of Natural Sciences, Maryville College, Maryville, TN
| | - Fiorella Reyes
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Nahomy Ledesma
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Franklin Staback
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Cheyanne Croft
- Division of Natural Sciences, Maryville College, Maryville, TN
| | - Amanda Pacheco
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Humberto Ortiz-Zuazaga
- Department of Computer Science, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - C Christian Yost
- Department of Pediatrics/Neonatology and Molecular Medicine Program and
| | - Jesse W Rowley
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Bismark Madera
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Alex St John
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA; and
| | - Junmei Chen
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA; and
| | - Jose Lopez
- Bloodworks Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA; and
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Department of Medicine, George E. Wahlen VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Robert Hunter
- Retroviral Research Center, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, Puerto Rico
| | - Angelia Gibson
- Division of Natural Sciences, Maryville College, Maryville, TN
| | - A Valance Washington
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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17
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Vellaisamy K, Li G, Wang W, Leung CH, Ma DL. A long-lived peptide-conjugated iridium(iii) complex as a luminescent probe and inhibitor of the cell migration mediator, formyl peptide receptor 2. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8171-8177. [PMID: 30568767 PMCID: PMC6256120 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02733a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors play important biological and therapeutic roles in wound repair and inflammatory diseases. In this work, we present a luminescent iridium(iii) complex (6) conjugated with the peptide agonist WKYMVm as a luminescent formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) imaging probe in living cells. Complex 6 displayed ideal cell imaging characteristics, high photostability and low cytotoxicity. Competition assays with a known FPR2 antagonist, WRW4, and siRNA knockdown experiments both revealed that complex 6 selectively targeted FPR2 in living HUVEC cells. Moreover, complex 6 regulated FPR2 signalling in HUVEC cells as shown using a mechanical scratch assay. Finally, complex 6 reduced epithelial cell migration capacity and inhibited lipoxin A4 (LXA4)-triggered cell migration in HUVEC cells, demonstrating the ability of this complex to inhibit FPR2 in living cells. To our knowledge, this is the first long-lived probe for imaging FPR2 in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasipandi Vellaisamy
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Guodong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine , Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Macao , China .
| | - Wanhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine , Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Macao , China .
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong , China .
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18
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Wang Q, Yan SF, Hao Y, Jin SW. Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators Regulate Alveolar Fluid Clearance during Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:982-989. [PMID: 29664060 PMCID: PMC5912066 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.229890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute and lethal clinical syndrome that is characterized by the injury of alveolar epithelium, which impairs active fluid transport in the lung, and impedes the reabsorption of edema fluid from the alveolar space. This review aimed to discuss the role of pro-resolving mediators on the regulation of alveolar fluid clearance (AFC) in ARDS. Data Sources Articles published up to September 2017 were selected from the PubMed, with the keywords of "alveolar fluid clearance" or "lung edema" or "acute lung injury" or "acute respiratory distress syndrome", and "specialized pro-resolving mediators" or "lipoxin" or "resolvin" or "protectin" or "maresin" or "alveolar epithelial cells" or "aspirin-triggered lipid mediators" or "carbon monoxide and heme oxygenase" or "annexin A1". Study Selection We included all relevant articles published up to September 2017, with no limitation of study design. Results Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), as the proinflammatory mediators, not only upregulated epithelial sodium channel, Na,K-ATPase, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and aquaporins levels, but also improved Na,K-ATPase activity to promote AFC in ARDS. In addition to the direct effects on ion channels and pumps of the alveolar epithelium, the SPMs also inhibited the inflammatory cytokine expression and improved the alveolar epithelial cell repair to enhance the AFC in ARDS. Conclusions The present review discusses a novel mechanism for pulmonary edema fluid reabsorption. SPMs might provide new opportunities to design "reabsorption-targeted" therapies with high degrees of precision in controlling ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Song-Fan Yan
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yu Hao
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Sheng-Wei Jin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
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19
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Brennan EP, Cacace A, Godson C. Specialized pro-resolving mediators in renal fibrosis. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 58:102-113. [PMID: 28479307 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and its timely resolution play a critical role in effective host defence and wound healing. Unresolved inflammatory responses underlie the pathology of many prevalent diseases resulting in tissue fibrosis and eventual organ failure as typified by kidney, lung and liver fibrosis. The role of autocrine and paracrine mediators including cytokines, prostaglandins and leukotrienes in initiating and sustaining inflammation is well established. More recently a physiological role for specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators [SPMs] in modulating inflammatory responses and promoting the resolution of inflammation has been appreciated. As will be discussed in this review, SPMs not only attenuate the development of fibrosis through promoting the resolution of inflammation but may also directly suppress fibrotic responses. These findings suggest novel therapeutic paradigms to treat intractable life-limiting diseases such as renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin P Brennan
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute & UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Antonino Cacace
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute & UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Catherine Godson
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute & UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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