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Liu H, Dang R, Zhang W, Hong J, Li X. SNARE proteins: Core engines of membrane fusion in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024:189148. [PMID: 38960006 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Vesicles are loaded with a variety of cargoes, including membrane proteins, secreted proteins, signaling molecules, and various enzymes, etc. Not surprisingly, vesicle transport is essential for proper cellular life activities including growth, division, movement and cellular communication. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) mediate membrane fusion of vesicles with their target compartments that is fundamental for cargo delivery. Recent studies have shown that multiple SNARE family members are aberrantly expressed in human cancers and actively contribute to malignant proliferation, invasion, metastasis, immune evasion and treatment resistance. Here, the localization and function of SNARE proteins in eukaryotic cells are firstly mapped. Then we summarize the expression and regulation of SNAREs in cancer, and describe their contribution to cancer progression and mechanisms, and finally we propose engineering botulinum toxin as a strategy to target SNAREs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruiyue Dang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jidong Hong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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2
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Xue X, Zong W, Glausier JR, Kim SM, Shelton MA, Phan BN, Srinivasan C, Pfenning AR, Tseng GC, Lewis DA, Seney ML, Logan RW. Molecular rhythm alterations in prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens associated with opioid use disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:123. [PMID: 35347109 PMCID: PMC8960783 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe and persistent disruptions to sleep and circadian rhythms are common in people with opioid use disorder (OUD). Preclinical evidence suggests altered molecular rhythms in the brain modulate opioid reward and relapse. However, whether molecular rhythms are disrupted in the brains of people with OUD remained an open question, critical to understanding the role of circadian rhythms in opioid addiction. Using subjects' times of death as a marker of time of day, we investigated transcriptional rhythms in the brains of subjects with OUD compared to unaffected comparison subjects. We discovered rhythmic transcripts in both the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc), key brain areas involved in OUD, that were largely distinct between OUD and unaffected subjects. Fewer rhythmic transcripts were identified in DLPFC of subjects with OUD compared to unaffected subjects, whereas in the NAc, nearly double the number of rhythmic transcripts was identified in subjects with OUD. In NAc of subjects with OUD, rhythmic transcripts peaked either in the evening or near sunrise, and were associated with an opioid, dopamine, and GABAergic neurotransmission. Associations with altered neurotransmission in NAc were further supported by co-expression network analysis which identified OUD-specific modules enriched for transcripts involved in dopamine, GABA, and glutamatergic synaptic functions. Additionally, rhythmic transcripts in DLPFC and NAc of subjects with OUD were enriched for genomic loci associated with sleep-related GWAS traits, including sleep duration and insomnia. Collectively, our findings connect transcriptional rhythm changes in opioidergic, dopaminergic, GABAergic signaling in the human brain to sleep-related traits in opioid addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Xue
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Wei Zong
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Jill R. Glausier
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Sam-Moon Kim
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Center for Adolescent Reward, Rhythms, and Sleep, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Micah A. Shelton
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - BaDoi N. Phan
- grid.147455.60000 0001 2097 0344Department of Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Chaitanya Srinivasan
- grid.147455.60000 0001 2097 0344Department of Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Andreas R. Pfenning
- grid.147455.60000 0001 2097 0344Department of Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA ,grid.147455.60000 0001 2097 0344Neuroscience Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - George C. Tseng
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - David A. Lewis
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Marianne L. Seney
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Translational Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Center for Adolescent Reward, Rhythms, and Sleep, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Ryan W. Logan
- grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118 USA
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3
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Potier B, Lallemant L, Parrot S, Huguet-Lachon A, Gourdon G, Dutar P, Gomes-Pereira M. DM1 Transgenic Mice Exhibit Abnormal Neurotransmitter Homeostasis and Synaptic Plasticity in Association with RNA Foci and Mis-Splicing in the Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020592. [PMID: 35054778 PMCID: PMC8775431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a severe neuromuscular disease mediated by a toxic gain of function of mutant RNAs. The neuropsychological manifestations affect multiple domains of cognition and behavior, but their etiology remains elusive. Transgenic DMSXL mice carry the DM1 mutation, show behavioral abnormalities, and express low levels of GLT1, a critical regulator of glutamate concentration in the synaptic cleft. However, the impact of glutamate homeostasis on neurotransmission in DM1 remains unknown. We confirmed reduced glutamate uptake in the DMSXL hippocampus. Patch clamp recordings in hippocampal slices revealed increased amplitude of tonic glutamate currents in DMSXL CA1 pyramidal neurons and DG granule cells, likely mediated by higher levels of ambient glutamate. Unexpectedly, extracellular GABA levels and tonic current were also elevated in DMSXL mice. Finally, we found evidence of synaptic dysfunction in DMSXL mice, suggestive of abnormal short-term plasticity, illustrated by an altered LTP time course in DG and in CA1. Synaptic dysfunction was accompanied by RNA foci accumulation in localized areas of the hippocampus and by the mis-splicing of candidate genes with relevant functions in neurotransmission. Molecular and functional changes triggered by toxic RNA may induce synaptic abnormalities in restricted brain areas that favor neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Potier
- LuMIn, CNRS FRE2036, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Louison Lallemant
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (L.L.); (A.H.-L.)
| | - Sandrine Parrot
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Université Lyon 1, 69500 Bron, France;
| | - Aline Huguet-Lachon
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (L.L.); (A.H.-L.)
| | - Geneviève Gourdon
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (L.L.); (A.H.-L.)
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (M.G.-P.)
| | - Patrick Dutar
- LuMIn, CNRS FRE2036, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Mário Gomes-Pereira
- Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut de Myologie, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France; (L.L.); (A.H.-L.)
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (M.G.-P.)
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4
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Flores J, Takvorian PM, Weiss LM, Cali A, Gao N. Human microsporidian pathogen Encephalitozoon intestinalis impinges on enterocyte membrane trafficking and signaling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs.253757. [PMID: 33589497 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.253757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsporidia are a large phylum of obligate intracellular parasites. Approximately a dozen species of microsporidia infect humans, where they are responsible for a variety of diseases and occasionally death, especially in immunocompromised individuals. To better understand the impact of microsporidia on human cells, we infected human colonic Caco2 cells with Encephalitozoon intestinalis, and showed that these enterocyte cultures can be used to recapitulate the life cycle of the parasite, including the spread of infection with infective spores. Using transmission electron microscopy, we describe this lifecycle and demonstrate nuclear, mitochondrial and microvillar alterations by this pathogen. We also analyzed the transcriptome of infected cells to reveal host cell signaling alterations upon infection. These high-resolution imaging and transcriptional profiling analysis shed light on the impact of the microsporidial infection on its primary human target cell type.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Flores
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Peter M Takvorian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.,Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Louis M Weiss
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Ann Cali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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5
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Wang Y, Li Y, Zhou H, Qian X, Hu Y. Syntaxin 2 promotes colorectal cancer growth by increasing the secretion of exosomes. J Cancer 2021; 12:2050-2058. [PMID: 33754003 PMCID: PMC7974533 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers with high mortality worldwide. Uncontrolled growth is an important hallmark of CRC. However, the mechanisms are poorly understood. Methods: Syntaxin 2 (STX2) expression was analyzed in 160 cases of paraffin-embedded CRC tissue by immunohistochemistry, in 10 cases of fresh CRC tissue by western blot, and in 2 public databases. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses were used to investigate the biological function of STX2 in CRC growth. Exosomes isolation, characterization, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), flow cytometry and fluorescence were conducted to study the molecular mechanism of STX2 in CRC growth. Results: The expression of STX2 was obviously up-regulated in human CRC tissues. Overexpression of STX2 increased the growth of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Downregulation of STX2 repressed the growth of CRC. STX2 modulated exosomes secretion of CRC cells which might correlated with Rab8a expression. The secreted exosomes could be ingested by CRC cells, and ultimately promoted the growth of CRC by arresting the tumor cells at S phase. Conclusions: Our data provide evidence that STX2 promotes CRC growth by increasing exosomes secretion of CRC cells; And the modulation of STX2 in exosomes secretion correlates with Rab8a. Thus, our study identified a new mechanism of STX2 in CRC growth and may provide a possible strategy for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.,Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Henan, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yongzhen Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.,Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Henan, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xinlai Qian
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.,Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Henan, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuhan Hu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.,Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Henan, Xinxiang, China
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6
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Motoike S, Taguchi K, Harada K, Asano M, Hide I, Tanaka S, Irifune M, Sakai N. Syntaxin 3 interacts with serotonin transporter and regulates its function. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 145:297-307. [PMID: 33712280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we investigated the functional association of the serotonin transporter (SERT) with syntaxin-3 (STX3). We first overexpressed SERT and STX3 in various cells and examined their interaction, localization, and functional association. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed that STX3 interacted with SERT when expressed in COS-7 cells. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that SERT and STX3 were colocalized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. STX3 overexpression significantly reduced the uptake activity of SERT by attenuating its plasma membrane expression, suggesting that overexpressed STX3 anchors SERT in the ER and Golgi apparatus. STX3 knockdown did not affect the uptake activity of SERT but altered its glycosylation state. To elucidate the association of STX3 with SERT under physiological conditions, rather than overexpressing cells, we investigated this interaction in polarized Caco-2 cells, which endogenously express both proteins. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that SERT and STX3 were localized in microvilli-like structures at the apical plasma membrane. STX3 knockdown marginally but significantly decreased the serotonin uptake activity of Caco-2 cells, suggesting that STX3 positively regulates SERT function in Caco-2 cells, as opposed to SERT regulation by STX3 in overexpressing cells. Collectively, STX3 may colocalize with SERT during SERT membrane trafficking and regulate SERT function in an STX3-expressing lesion-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serika Motoike
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kei Taguchi
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kana Harada
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masaya Asano
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Izumi Hide
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masahiro Irifune
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Molecular and Pharmacological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kausmi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
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7
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Huang S, Liu C, Li N, Wu Z, Li T, Han D, Li Z, Zhao J, Wang J. Membrane proteomic analysis reveals the intestinal development is deteriorated by intrauterine growth restriction in piglets. Funct Integr Genomics 2019; 20:277-291. [PMID: 31586277 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The alterations of the intestinal proteome were observed in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) piglets during early life by gel-based approaches. Nevertheless, how IUGR affects the intestinal membrane proteome during neonatal development remains unclear. Here, we applied the iTRAQ-based proteomics technology and biochemical analysis to investigate the impact of IUGR on the membrane proteome of the jejunal mucosa in the piglets. Three hundred sixty-one membrane proteins were screened by functional prediction. Among them, eight, five, and one differentially expressed membrane proteins were identified between IUGR and NBW piglets at day 0, day 7, and day 21 after birth, respectively. Differentially expressed membrane proteins (DEMPs) including F1SBL3, F1RRW8, F1S539, F1S2Z2, F1RIR2, F1RUF2 I3LP60, Q2EN79, and F1SIH8 were reduced while the relative abundance of I3L6A2, F1SCJ1, F1RI18, I3LRJ7, and F1RNN0 were increased in IUGR piglets than NBW piglets. From the aspects of function, F1RRW8, F1S539, F1S2Z2, and F1RIR2 are mainly associated with D2 dopamine receptor binding, transmembrane transport of small molecules, signal transduction, and translocation of GLUT4, respectively, and F1SIH8, I3LRJ7, and F1RNN0 are related to autophagy, metabolism of vitamins, and intracellular protein transport. Additionally, IUGR decreased the level of proteins (F1RRW8, Q2EN79, and F1RI18) that are involved in response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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8
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Kawalia SB, Raschka T, Naz M, de Matos Simoes R, Senger P, Hofmann-Apitius M. Analytical Strategy to Prioritize Alzheimer's Disease Candidate Genes in Gene Regulatory Networks Using Public Expression Data. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 59:1237-1254. [PMID: 28800327 PMCID: PMC5611835 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progressively destroys cognitive abilities in the aging population with tremendous effects on memory. Despite recent progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms, high drug attrition rates have put a question mark behind our knowledge about its etiology. Re-evaluation of past studies could help us to elucidate molecular-level details of this disease. Several methods to infer such networks exist, but most of them do not elaborate on context specificity and completeness of the generated networks, missing out on lesser-known candidates. In this study, we present a novel strategy that corroborates common mechanistic patterns across large scale AD gene expression studies and further prioritizes potential biomarker candidates. To infer gene regulatory networks (GRNs), we applied an optimized version of the BC3Net algorithm, named BC3Net10, capable of deriving robust and coherent patterns. In principle, this approach initially leverages the power of literature knowledge to extract AD specific genes for generating viable networks. Our findings suggest that AD GRNs show significant enrichment for key signaling mechanisms involved in neurotransmission. Among the prioritized genes, well-known AD genes were prominent in synaptic transmission, implicated in cognitive deficits. Moreover, less intensive studied AD candidates (STX2, HLA-F, HLA-C, RAB11FIP4, ARAP3, AP2A2, ATP2B4, ITPR2, and ATP2A3) are also involved in neurotransmission, providing new insights into the underlying mechanism. To our knowledge, this is the first study to generate knowledge-instructed GRNs that demonstrates an effective way of combining literature-based knowledge and data-driven analysis to identify lesser known candidates embedded in stable and robust functional patterns across disparate datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Bagewadi Kawalia
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany.,Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tamara Raschka
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany.,University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, RheinAhrCampus, Remagen, Germany
| | - Mufassra Naz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany.,Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Senger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Martin Hofmann-Apitius
- Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany.,Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology, Bonn, Germany
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9
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Naskar P, Puri N. Phosphorylation of SNAP-23 regulates its dynamic membrane association during mast cell exocytosis. Biol Open 2017; 6:1257-1269. [PMID: 28784843 PMCID: PMC5612236 DOI: 10.1242/bio.025791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon allergen challenge, mast cells (MCs) respond by releasing pre-stored mediators from their secretory granules by the transient mechanism of porosome-mediated cell secretion. The target SNARE SNAP-23 has been shown to be important for MC exocytosis, and our previous studies revealed the presence of one basal (Thr102) and two induced (Ser95 and Ser120) phosphorylation sites in its linker region. To study the role of SNAP-23 phosphorylation in the regulation of exocytosis, green fluorescence protein-tagged wild-type SNAP-23 (GFP-SNAP-23) and its phosphorylation mutants were transfected into rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) MCs. Studies on GFP-SNAP-23 transfected MCs revealed some dynamic changes in SNAP-23 membrane association. SNAP-23 was associated with plasma membrane in resting MCs, however, on activation a portion of it translocated to cytosol and internal membranes. These internal locations were secretory granule membranes. This dynamic change in the membrane association of SNAP-23 in MCs may be important for mediating internal granule-granule fusions in compound exocytosis. Further studies with SNAP-23 phosphorylation mutants revealed an important role for the phosphorylation at Thr102 in its initial membrane association, and of induced phosphorylation at Ser95 and Ser120 in its internal membrane association, during MC exocytosis. Summary: The current study has revealed the phosphorylation-dependent dynamic nature of membrane association of SNAP-23 for mediation of different fusion steps in compound exocytosis from mast cells during allergen challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieu Naskar
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Niti Puri
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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10
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Taniguchi M, Nadanaka S, Tanakura S, Sawaguchi S, Midori S, Kawai Y, Yamaguchi S, Shimada Y, Nakamura Y, Matsumura Y, Fujita N, Araki N, Yamamoto M, Oku M, Wakabayashi S, Kitagawa H, Yoshida H. TFE3 is a bHLH-ZIP-type transcription factor that regulates the mammalian Golgi stress response. Cell Struct Funct 2014; 40:13-30. [PMID: 25399611 DOI: 10.1247/csf.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi stress response is a mechanism by which, under conditions of insufficient Golgi function (Golgi stress), the transcription of Golgi-related genes is upregulated through an enhancer, the Golgi apparatus stress response element (GASE), in order to maintain homeostasis in the Golgi. The molecular mechanisms associated with GASE remain to be clarified. Here, we identified TFE3 as a GASE-binding transcription factor. TFE3 was phosphorylated and retained in the cytoplasm in normal growth conditions, whereas it was dephosphorylated, translocated to the nucleus and activated Golgi-related genes through GASE under conditions of Golgi stress, e.g. in response to inhibition of oligosaccharide processing in the Golgi apparatus. From these observations, we concluded that the TFE3-GASE pathway is one of the regulatory pathways of the mammalian Golgi stress response, which regulates the expression of glycosylation-related proteins in response to insufficiency of glycosylation in the Golgi apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Taniguchi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo
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A disulphide-linked heterodimer of TWIK-1 and TREK-1 mediates passive conductance in astrocytes. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3227. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Horii Y, Nogami S, Kawano Y, Kaneko-Kawano T, Ohtomo N, Tomiya T, Shirataki H. Interaction of α-taxilin localized on intracellular components with the microtubule cytoskeleton. Cell Struct Funct 2012; 37:111-26. [PMID: 22785156 DOI: 10.1247/csf.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular vesicle traffic plays an essential role in the establishment and maintenance of organelle identity and biosynthetic transport. We have identified α-taxilin as a binding partner of the syntaxin family, which is involved in intracellular vesicle traffic. Recently, we have found that α-taxilin is over-expressed in malignant tissues including hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. However, a precise role of α-taxilin in intracellular vesicle traffic and carcinogenesis remains unclear. Then, we first investigated here the intracellular distribution of α-taxilin in Hela cells. Immunofluorescence studies showed that α-taxilin distributes throughout the cytoplasm and exhibits a tubulo-vesicular pattern. Biochemical studies showed that α-taxilin is abundantly localized on intracellular components as a peripheral membrane protein. Moreover, we found that α-taxilin distributes in microtubule-dependent and syntaxin-independent manners, that α-taxilin directly binds to polymerized tubulin in vitro, and that N-ethylmaleimide but not brefeldin A affects the intracellular distribution of α-taxilin. These results indicate that α-taxilin is localized on intracellular components in a syntaxin-independent manner and that the α-taxilin-containing intracellular components are associated with the microtubule cytoskeleton and suggest that α-taxilin functions as a linker protein between the α-taxilin-containing intracellular components and the microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimi Horii
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Stoeckelhuber M, Scherer EQ, Janssen KP, Slotta-Huspenina J, Loeffelbein DJ, Rohleder NH, Nieberler M, Hasler R, Kesting MR. The human submandibular gland: immunohistochemical analysis of SNAREs and cytoskeletal proteins. J Histochem Cytochem 2011; 60:110-20. [PMID: 22131313 DOI: 10.1369/0022155411432785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Submandibular acinar glands secrete numerous proteins such as digestive enzymes and defense proteins on the basis of the exocrine secretion mode. Exocytosis is a complex process, including a soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE)-mediated membrane fusion of vesicles and target membrane and the additional activation of cytoskeletal proteins. Relevant data are available predominantly for animal salivary glands, especially of the rat parotid acinar cells. The authors investigated the secretory molecular machinery of acinar (serous) cells in the human submandibular gland by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence and found diverse proteins associated with exocytosis for the first time. SNAP-23, syntaxin-2, syntaxin-4, and VAMP-2 were localized at the luminal plasma membrane; syntaxin-2 and septin-2 were expressed in vesicles in the cytoplasm. Double staining of syntaxin-2 and septin-2 revealed a colocalization on the same vesicles. Lactoferrin and α-amylase served as a marker for secretory vesicles and were labeled positively together with syntaxin-2 and septin-2 in double-staining procedures. Cytoskeletal components such as actin, myosin II, cofilin, and profilin are concentrated at the apical plasma membrane of acinar submandibular glands. These observations complement the understanding of the complex exocytosis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mechthild Stoeckelhuber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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Cepeda V, Fraile-Ramos A. A role for the SNARE protein syntaxin 3 in human cytomegalovirus morphogenesis. Cell Microbiol 2011; 13:846-58. [PMID: 21371234 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2011.01583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As an enveloped virus, replication of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is dependent on interaction with cellular membrane systems. Its final envelopment occurs into intracellular membranes prior to its secretion. However the mechanisms underlying these processes are poorly understood. Here, we show that HCMV infection induces expression of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin 3 (STX3), a component of the cellular machinery for membrane fusion. STX3 was located at the plasma membrane and at the assembly site where it was found associated with virus wrapping membranes by immunogold labelling. Depletion of STX3 using RNA interference reduced HCMV production, while expression of a STX3 construct resistant to RNAi inhibition enhanced virus production. Ultrastructural examination of the assembly site in HCMV-infected STX3-depleted cells showed fewer mature virions and more viruses undergoing final envelopment. In contrast, silencing of STX3 did not affect herpes simplex virus type 1 production. The mechanism through which STX3 affected HCMV morphogenesis likely involved late endosomes/lysosomes since STX3 depletion reduced the expression of lysosomal membrane glycoproteins. Our results demonstrate a function for STX3 in HCMV morphogenesis, and unravel a new role for this SNARE protein in late endosomes/lysosomes compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Cepeda
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universidad Autónoma, Madrid 28049, Spain
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Chytrova G, Ying Z, Gomez-Pinilla F. Exercise contributes to the effects of DHA dietary supplementation by acting on membrane-related synaptic systems. Brain Res 2009; 1341:32-40. [PMID: 19446534 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2009] [Revised: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dietary omega-3 fatty acid (i.e. docosohexaenoic acid (DHA)) and exercise are gaining recognition for supporting brain function under normal and challenging conditions. Here we evaluate the possibility that the interaction of DHA and exercise can involve specific elements of the synaptic plasma membrane. We found that voluntary exercise potentiated the effects of a 12-day DHA dietary supplementation regimen on increasing the levels of syntaxin 3 (STX-3) and the growth-associated protein (GAP-43) in the adult rat hippocampus region. STX-3 is a synaptic membrane-bound protein involved in the effects of DHA on membrane expansion. The DHA diet and exercise also elevated levels of the NMDA receptor subunit NR2B, which is important for synaptic function underlying learning and memory. The actions of exercise and DHA dietary supplementation reflected on enhanced learning performance in the Morris water maze as learning ability was associated with higher levels of STX-3 and NR2B. The overall findings reveal a mechanism by which exercise can interact with the function of DHA dietary enrichment to elevate the capacity of the adult brain for axonal growth, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Chytrova
- Department of Physiological Science, UCLA, 621 Charles E. Young Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Best D, Sahlender DA, Walther N, Peden AA, Adams IR. Sdmg1 is a conserved transmembrane protein associated with germ cell sex determination and germline-soma interactions in mice. Development 2008; 135:1415-25. [PMID: 18321981 PMCID: PMC2584365 DOI: 10.1242/dev.019497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, the supporting cell lineage in an embryonic gonad communicates the sex-determining decision to various sexually dimorphic cell types in the developing embryo, including the germ cells. However, the molecular nature of the sex-determining signals that pass from the supporting cells to the germ cells is not well understood. We have identified a conserved transmembrane protein, Sdmg1, owing to its male-specific expression in mouse embryonic gonads. Sdmg1 is expressed in the Sertoli cells of embryonic testes from 12.5 dpc, and in granulosa cells of growing follicles in adult ovaries. In Sertoli cells, Sdmg1 is localised to endosomes, and knock-down of Sdmg1 in Sertoli cell lines causes mis-localisation of the secretory SNARE Stx2 and defects in membrane trafficking. Upregulation of Sdmg1 appears to be part of a larger programme of changes to membrane trafficking pathways in embryonic Sertoli cells, and perturbing secretion in male embryonic gonads in organ culture causes male-to-female germ cell sex reversal. These data suggest that changes that occur in the cell biology of embryonic Sertoli cells may facilitate the communication of male sex-determining decisions to the germ cells during embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Best
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
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Kissmehl R, Schilde C, Wassmer T, Danzer C, Nuehse K, Lutter K, Plattner H. Molecular Identification of 26 Syntaxin Genes and their Assignment to the Different Trafficking Pathways in Paramecium. Traffic 2007; 8:523-42. [PMID: 17451555 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2007.00544.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SNARE proteins have been classified as vesicular (v)- and target (t)-SNAREs and play a central role in the various membrane interactions in eukaryotic cells. Based on the Paramecium genome project, we have identified a multigene family of at least 26 members encoding the t-SNARE syntaxin (PtSyx) that can be grouped into 15 subfamilies. Paramecium syntaxins match the classical build-up of syntaxins, being 'tail-anchored' membrane proteins with an N-terminal cytoplasmic domain and a membrane-bound single C-terminal hydrophobic domain. The membrane anchor is preceded by a conserved SNARE domain of approximately 60 amino acids that is supposed to participate in SNARE complex assembly. In a phylogenetic analysis, most of the Paramecium syntaxin genes were found to cluster in groups together with those from other organisms in a pathway-specific manner, allowing an assignment to different compartments in a homology-dependent way. However, some of them seem to have no counterparts in metazoans. In another approach, we fused one representative member of each of the syntaxin isoforms to green fluorescent protein and assessed the in vivo localization, which was further supported by immunolocalization of some syntaxins. This allowed us to assign syntaxins to all important trafficking pathways in Paramecium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Kissmehl
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, PO Box 5560, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
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