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Xie Y, Li J, Liu C, Zhang X, Zhang X, Wang Q, Zhang L, Yang S. Antimicrobial efficacy of aloe-emodin mediated photodynamic therapy against antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 690:149285. [PMID: 37995454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen that causes topical infections following burn injuries. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as a promising approach for treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the aPDT efficacy of aloe-emodin (AE), which is a photosensitizer extracted from traditional Chinese herbs, on antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa in vitro. In this study, we confirmed the effectiveness of AE-mediated aPDT against both standard and MDR P. aeruginosa, explored the effects of irradiation time and AE concentration on bacterial survival in AE-mediated aPDT, and observed the structural damage of P. aeruginosa by using transmission electron microscope. Our results showed that neither AE nor light irradiation alone caused cytotoxic effects on P. aeruginosa. However, AE-mediated aPDT effectively inactivated both antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa. The transmission electron microscope investigation showed that aPDT mediated by AE primarily caused damage to the cytoplasm and cell membrane. Our findings suggest that AE is a photosensitizer in the aPDT of MDR P. aeruginosa-caused topical infections following burn injuries. Future investigations will concentrate on the safety and efficacy of AE-mediated aPDT in animal models and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Ruger-Herreros M, Nordzieke S, Vega-Álvarez C, Avalos J, Limón MC. Relation between CarS expression and activation of carotenogenesis by stress in Fusarium fujikuroi. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1000129. [PMID: 36277400 PMCID: PMC9581392 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium fujikuroi, a model organism for secondary metabolism in fungi, produces carotenoids, terpenoid pigments with antioxidant activity. Previous results indicate that carotenoid synthesis in F. fujikuroi is stimulated by light or by different stress conditions and downregulated by a RING finger protein encoded by carS gene. Here, we have analyzed the effects of three stressors, nitrogen scarcity, heat shock, and oxidative stress. We compared them with the effect of light in the wild type, a carS mutant that overproduces carotenoids, and its complemented strain. The assayed stressors increase the synthesis of carotenoids in the three strains, but mRNA levels of structural genes of carotenogenesis, carRA and carB, are only enhanced in the presence of a functional carS gene. In the wild-type strain, the four conditions affect in different manners the mRNA levels of carS: greater in the presence of light, without significant changes in nitrogen starvation, and with patent decreases after heat shock or oxidative stress, suggesting different activation mechanisms. The spores of the carS mutant are more resistant to H2O2 than those of the wild type; however, the mutant shows a greater H2O2 sensitivity at the growth level, which may be due to the participation of CarS in the regulation of genes with catalase domains, formerly described. A possible mechanism of regulation by heat stress has been found in the alternative splicing of the intron of the carS gene, located close to its 3′ end, giving rise to the formation of a shorter protein. This action could explain the inducing effect of the heat shock, but not of the other inducing conditions, which may involve other mechanisms of action on the CarS regulator, either transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally.
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Kulyar MFEA, Ashfaq K, Aqib AI, Duan K, Asif M, Bhutta ZA, Shoaib M, Shabbir S, Nawaz S, Naseer MA, Sarwar I, Akhtar M, Chaudhry AS, Hussain R, Hussain HI, Wu Y, Li K. Enhanced Healing Activity of Manuka Honey and Nitrofurazone Composite in Full-Thickness Burn Wounds in the Rabbit Model. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:875629. [PMID: 35711790 PMCID: PMC9196035 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.875629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Burns cause many significant changes in metabolism and inflammatory reactions, leading to poor regeneration in animals and humans. A list of medicines to treat burns is available in the market. But due to the high cost of these medicines, these are unaffordable, especially for farmers of middle-class families of Africa and Asia. Therefore, a low-cost complementary treatment has always been a topic of many researchers, and there is a dire need of time for the welfare of animals to save them. The current study was planned to scrutinize the therapeutic effects of Manuka honey and Nitrofurazone ointments on full-thickness burn wounds in the rabbit model. The healing efficacy was performed through wound contraction rate, hematological analysis, the thickness of dermis and epidermis, and collagen content percentage. Histopathology was performed after taking biopsy samples at the end of the research. Based on statistical analysis using wound healing time (days, D), the combination (MO + NT) resulted in a shorter period (27 D ± 1) than the average healing time of controlled (36 ± 2), Manuka ointment (31.33 D ± 1.52), and Nitrofurazone ointment (32 ± 1). A significant decrease in the count of red blood cell (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) in all treatments was noticed mainly in MO + NT. Furthermore, burns induced a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the white blood cells (WBCs) count levels in the MO-treated group. While the level of platelets (PLTs) was not significantly different from the healthy control group. Histopathological assessment (epithelialization, fibrosis, and angiogenesis) of skin showed burn healing to be better in MO and MO + NT groups. In conclusion, the composite of Manuka honey with Nitrofurazone led to the faster recovery than other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khurram Ashfaq
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Islam Aqib
- Department of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Kun Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Department of Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Shoaib
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Samina Shabbir
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shah Nawaz
- Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir Naseer
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarwar
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Iftikhar Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Yi Wu
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Kun Li
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Mohammed HA, Qureshi KA, Ali HM, Al-Omar MS, Khan O, Mohammed SAA. Bio-Evaluation of the Wound Healing Activity of Artemisia judaica L. as Part of the Plant’s Use in Traditional Medicine; Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antibiofilm Properties of the Plant’s Essential Oils. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020332. [PMID: 35204215 PMCID: PMC8868479 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia judaica (ArJ) is a Mediterranean aromatic plant used traditionally to treat gastrointestinal ailments, skin diseases, atherosclerosis, and as an immuno-stimulant. This study describes ArJ essential oil constituents and investigates their wound healing activity. The in vitro antioxidant and antibiofilm activities of ArJ essential oil were investigated. The in vivo pro/anti-inflammatory and oxidative/antioxidant markers were compared with standard silver sulfadiazine (SS) in a second-degree skin burn experimental rat model. The gas chromatography-equipped flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis of ArJ essential oil revealed the major classes of compounds as oxygenated monoterpenes (>57%) and cinnamic acid derivatives (18.03%). The antimicrobial tests of ArJ essential oil revealed that Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger were the most susceptible test organisms. Two second-degree burns (each 1 inch square in diameter) were created on the dorsum of rats using an aluminum cylinder heated to 120 °C for 10 s. The wounds were treated either with ArJ or SS ointments for 21 days, while the negative control remained untreated, and biopsies were obtained for histological and biochemical analysis. The ArJ group demonstrated a significant increase in antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymatic activities, while lipid peroxide (LP) levels remained insignificant compared to the negative control group. Additionally, ArJ and SS groups demonstrated a significant decrease in inflammatory levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) compared to the negative group, while interleukin 1 beta (IL-1b) and IL-6 were comparable to the negative group. At the same time, anti-inflammatory IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-b1) markers increased significantly in the ArJ group compared to the negative control. The ArJ results demonstrated potent wound healing effects, comparable to SS, attributable to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects as well as a high proportion of oxygenated monoterpenes and cinnamate derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.A.M.); (S.A.A.M.)
| | - Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hussein M. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohsen S. Al-Omar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Omar Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Salman A. A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (H.A.M.); (S.A.A.M.)
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Hasanvand T, Mohammadi M, Abdollahpour F, Kamarehie B, Jafari A, Ghaderpoori A, Karami MA. A comparative study on antibacterial activity of carvacrol and glutaraldehyde on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus isolates: an in vitro study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:475-482. [PMID: 34150251 PMCID: PMC8172686 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00620-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of hospital bacterial isolates against traditional germicides, which used frequently, is one of the important factors contributing to emerging nosocomial infections. Moreover, due to having the side effects of chemical substances, the development of novel low-risk natural compounds seems necessary for control the spread of resistant pathogens in hospital environments. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of carvacrol and glutaraldehyde against two common hospital acquired pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. In this study 365 samples were collected from different wards of hospitals of Khorramabad, Iran. One hundred and sixty samples were identified as P. aeruginosa and S. aureus by using standard microbiological methods. Then the antibacterial effects of four combinations including carvacrol+ethanol, carvacrol+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glutaraldehyde 2%, and pure glutaraldehyde (50%) were evaluated and determined using dilution broth and disk diffusion methods. Our results showed that the carvacrol had more antibacterial effects against selected bacteria compared to glutaraldehyde. Moreover, the optimal time and concentration of carvacrol+ethanol against hospital isolates of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus was determined after 1 h at concentration of 64 μl/ml and 8 μl/ml, respectively. In conclusion by comparing the results of carvacrol and glutaraldehyde, seem that carvacrol, as an herbal and natural agent, may be a suitable alternative to glutaraldehyde in hospital equipment's' sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Hasanvand
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Foad Abdollahpour
- Department of Biochemical, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Bahram Kamarehie
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ali Jafari
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Afshin Ghaderpoori
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Karami
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Sainz-Mejías M, Jurado-Martín I, McClean S. Understanding Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Host Interactions: The Ongoing Quest for an Efficacious Vaccine. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122617. [PMID: 33291484 PMCID: PMC7762141 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of chronic respiratory infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute infections in immunocompromised individuals. The adaptability of this opportunistic pathogen has hampered the development of antimicrobial therapies, and consequently, it remains a major threat to public health. Due to its antimicrobial resistance, vaccines represent an alternative strategy to tackle the pathogen, yet despite over 50 years of research on anti-Pseudomonas vaccines, no vaccine has been licensed. Nevertheless, there have been many advances in this field, including a better understanding of the host immune response and the biology of P. aeruginosa. Multiple antigens and adjuvants have been investigated with varying results. Although the most effective protective response remains to be established, it is clear that a polarised Th2 response is sub-optimal, and a mixed Th1/Th2 or Th1/Th17 response appears beneficial. This comprehensive review collates the current understanding of the complexities of P. aeruginosa-host interactions and its implication in vaccine design, with a view to understanding the current state of Pseudomonal vaccine development and the direction of future efforts. It highlights the importance of the incorporation of appropriate adjuvants to the protective antigen to yield optimal protection.
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Contamination of wounds with fecal bacteria in immuno-suppressed mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11494. [PMID: 32661287 PMCID: PMC7359036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68323-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunocompromised patients are predisposed to chronically infected wounds. Especially ulcers in the dorsal region often experience secondary polymicrobial infections. However, current wound infection models mostly use single-strain bacteria. To mimic clinically occurring infections caused by fecal contamination in immunocompromised/immobile patients, which differ significantly from single-strain infections, the present study aimed at the establishment of a new mouse model using infection by fecal bacteria. Dorsal circular excision wounds in immunosuppressed mice were infected with fecal slurry solution in several dilutions up to 1:8,000. Impact of immunosuppressor, bacterial load and timing on development of wound infections was investigated. Wounds were analyzed by scoring, 3D imaging and swab analyses. Autofluorescence imaging was not successful. Dose-finding of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression was necessary for establishment of bacterial wound infections. Infection with fecal slurry diluted 1:166 to 1:400 induced significantly delayed wound healing (p < 0.05) without systemic reactions. Swab analyses post-infection matched the initial polymicrobial suspension. The customized wound score confirmed significant differences between the groups (p < 0.05). Here we report the establishment of a simple, new mouse model for clinically occurring wound infections by fecal bacteria and the evaluation of appropriate wound analysis methods. In the future, this model will provide a suitable tool for the investigation of complex microbiological interactions and evaluation of new therapeutic approaches.
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Ziegler T, Cakl T, Schauer J, Pögl D, Abdelkarim A, Kempny T. Treatment of Second to Third-Degree Burns in A 2-Day-Old Infant: A Case Report. World J Plast Surg 2020; 9:82-87. [PMID: 32190597 PMCID: PMC7068179 DOI: 10.29252/wjps.9.1.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Burn injuries in newborns are particularly complex cases. Since these patients are rare, there is little experience and no existing standardized treatment. This report examines a case of accidental second to third-degree burning of the heel and toes on the left foot in a new-born girl. The burns covered an estimated 1% of the total body surface area (TBSA). After an initial debridement and 32 days of non-surgical wound therapy with Adaptic® fat gauze dressings, we were able to achieve an aesthetically and functionally satisfactory result including the complete preservation of all toes. Modern wound treatment following the principle of less frequent dressing changes allows the burn wound to have better re-epithelialization. New findings in stem cell research indicate that the high proportion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in postnatal blood is also involved in the regeneration and healing of burns. To our knowledge, this is the first case report dealing with initial non-surgical combustion therapy in a newborn. In order to eliminate a scar contracture, we carried out a Z-plasty one year later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ziegler
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
| | - Thomas Cakl
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
| | - Johannes Schauer
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
| | - Dieter Pögl
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
| | - Ahmad Abdelkarim
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
| | - Tomas Kempny
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
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Aggarwal A, Chittoria RK, Chavan V, Reddy CL, Gupta S, Mohan PB, Pathan I, Shijina K. Prophylactic Tracheostomy for Inhalational Burns. World J Plast Surg 2020; 9:10-13. [PMID: 32190585 PMCID: PMC7068194 DOI: 10.29252/wjps.9.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies have reported different conclusions over the safety and benefits of early tracheostomy in burns. Our study aimed to assess the role of prophylactic tracheostomy in treatment and improvement of outcomes in inhalational burns in India. METHODS In a retrospective descriptive analysis of burns admitted over 1 year in Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Tertiary Burns Center in India, patients with thermal burns of TBSA less than 60% and those with indirect evidence of airway burns were enrolled and divided into two groups who underwent prophylactic tracheostomy vs. patients for whom prophylactic tracheostomy was not done. Mortality was the final point and primary variable measurement. RESULTS Totally, 10 patients with inhalational burns were admitted. Out of the 4 patients for whom prophylactic tracheostomy was undertaken, three patients survived, while one died. Out of the 6 patients for which prophylactic tracheostomy were not performed, 4 patients died; while 2 survived. The average percentage of burns TBSA in the prophylactic tracheostomy group was 34%. Average age of patients in the prophylactic tracheostomy group was 31.3 years. The average percentage burns TBSA in the group, where prophylactic tracheostomy was not carried out was 42%. Average age of patients in the prophylactic tracheostomy group was 36.2 years. CONCLUSION Our study is a pilot study to investigate the possibility and a way to improve outcomes in patients with inhalational injuries. Larger trials may be needed to facilitate or disprove the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Aggarwal
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Chittoria
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - Vinayak Chavan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - Chirra Likhitha Reddy
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - Padmalakshmi Bharathi Mohan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - Imran Pathan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - K Shijina
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
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Farhangi A, Peymani A, Ahmadpour-Yazdi H. Design of a gold nanoprobe for the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase gene (lasB). RSC Adv 2020; 10:11590-11597. [PMID: 35496606 PMCID: PMC9051652 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00848f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a gold nanoparticle-based DNA diagnostic sensor that is sensitive to the aggregation states of gold nanoparticles was used to identify the amplified and non-amplified lasB gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Farhangi
- Student Research Committee
- Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
- Qazvin
- Iran
| | - Amir Peymani
- Medical Microbiology Research Center
- Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
- Qazvin
- Iran
| | - Hossien Ahmadpour-Yazdi
- Medical Biotechnology Department
- Faculty of Paramedical Sciences
- Qazvin University of Medical Sciences
- Qazvin
- Iran
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Inhibitory effects of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey on the expression of exoS and ampC genes in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infections. Microb Pathog 2019; 140:103946. [PMID: 31874231 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey either alone or in combinations on the expression of exoS and ampC genes in multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa isolates. Thirty-five P. aeruginosa isolates were recovered from burn wound infections of patients admitted to the burn ward of Besat hospital of Hamadan, Iran, during 2018. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method to identify MDR isolates. The antibacterial effects of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey either alone or in combinations with each other were compared to Imipenem (as the control group) using the broth dilution method. The expressions of exoS and ampC genes were determined in bacteria treated with sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the ternary combination of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey by Real-Time-PCR. The data were analyzed using SPSS software applying student t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests. The P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The average MICs of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey were 0.82-0.01, 0.01-0.6, and 62.5-250 μg/mL, respectively. The average MIC of the mentioned compounds was 430 times lower than that of Imipenem. A synergistic effect was detected between these drugs against 70% of the isolates. At sub-MIC concentration, the triple combination of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey reduced the expressions of exoS and ampC genes by 6.12 and 2.85 folds, respectively. The combination of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey showed a higher antibacterial effect than Imipenem. However, it needs confirmation with more isolates.
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12
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Keshavarzi A, Kardeh S, Dehghankhalili M, Varahram MH, Omidi M, Zardosht M, Mehrabani D. Mortality and Body Mass Index in Burn Patients: Experience from a Tertiary Referral Burn Center in Southern Iran. World J Plast Surg 2019; 8:382-387. [PMID: 31620342 PMCID: PMC6790264 DOI: 10.29252/wjps.8.3.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of obesity has been widely studied as a determinant factor of increasing mortality in surgical patients. In this study we aimed to investigate the association of mortality determinants with obesity classification and BMI score in burn patients admitted to a tertiary referral center in Southern Iran. METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional study, medical profiles of burn patients admitted from 2016 to 2017 were obtained from Amiralmomenin Burn Hospital, a tertiary referral burn center affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Demographic, and clinical characteristics as well as patient outcomes were recorded to determine prognostic factors in fatal burns based on anthropometric measurements. RESULTS Among 101 patients who were enrolled in this study including 73 males and 28 females, mean age was 34.85±12.04 years, total burn surface area (TBSA) was 37.37 (10.50%), BMI was 25.46±5.33 kg/m2 and hospital stay was 22.28±13.62 days. Overall mortality rate was 24.7% with 25 expired cases. Logistic regression demonstrated significant association of older age, male gender, and greater TBSA with mortality. However, difference in mortality rate in patients with BMI of 25 kg/m2 (27.4%) in comparison to patients with BMI<25 kg/m2 (18%) did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION Although patients with higher BMI had increased mortality rate following burn injury, this finding showed no significant association. Further studies with larger samples may be necessary to conclude a causal association between BMI and mortality in burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Kardeh
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Dehghankhalili
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Varahram
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Omidi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mitra Zardosht
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Comparative and Experimental Medicine Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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13
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Ranjbar M, Behrouz B, Norouzi F, Mousavi Gargari SL. Anti-PcrV IgY antibodies protect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in both acute pneumonia and burn wound models. Mol Immunol 2019; 116:98-105. [PMID: 31634816 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common nosocomial pathogen in burn patients, and rapidly acquires antibiotic resistance; thus, developing an effective therapeutic approach is the most promising strategy for combating infection. Type III secretion system (T3SS) translocates bacterial toxins into the cytosol of the targeted eukaryotic cells, which plays important roles in the virulence of P. aeruginosa infections in both acute pneumonia and burn wound models. The PcrV protein, a T3SS translocating protein, is required for T3SS function and is a well-validated target in animal models of immunoprophylactic strategies targeting P. aeruginosa. In the present study, we evaluated the protective efficacy of chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) raised against recombinant PcrV (r-PcrV) in both acute pneumonia and burn wound models. R-PcrV protein was generated by expressing the pcrV gene (cloned in pET-28a vector) in E. coli BL-21. Anti-PcrV IgY was obtained by immunization of hen. Anti-PcrV IgY induced greater protection in P. aeruginosamurine acute pneumonia and burn wound models than control IgY (C-IgY) and PBS groups. Anti-PcrV IgY improved opsonophagocytic killing and inhibition of bacterial invasion of host cells. Taken together, our data provide evidence that anti-PcrV IgY can be a promising therapeutic candidate for combating P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Ranjbar
- Department of Microbiology, Shahed University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahador Behrouz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Norouzi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Tolouie M, Farzan R. A Six-Year Study on Epidemiology of Electrical Burns in Northern Iran: Is It Time to Pay Attention? World J Plast Surg 2019; 8:365-371. [PMID: 31620340 PMCID: PMC6790258 DOI: 10.29252/wjps.8.3.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although electrical burns are less prevalent than other types, they put socioeconomic burden on communities, yielding higher mortalities. Therefore, the frequency and causes of electrical burns in the largest burn center in northern Iran were studied. METHODS All patients with electrical burn injuries admitted to Velayat Hospital, Rasht, Iran participated in this descriptive cross-sectional study. The data collection tool was a checklist including demographic data, damage mechanism, voltage classification (high or low), injured organ, ICU need, length of stay (LOC), electrical burn severity (degree and area of burns based on TBSA), surgical interventions, and return to work. All data were gathered through HIS system and analyzed. RESULTS Most electrical burns occurred in men (99.4%) and most of whom had electricity-related jobs (26%). The majority of victims had third-degree burns (63%), and electrical current-induced burns in entry points occurred in the upper and lower extremities, head and other organs ranked the first to fourth, respectively. Most burns happened due to abrupt contact with electrical current (83.33%) in routine home activities (52.78%). The mean LOC was 8.73 days, suggesting that LOC increased significantly, if the electrical current entered the body through lower extremities, while it decreased significantly, if the electrical current exited through lower extremities. CONCLUSION The majority of electrical burn victims were men. Most burns occurred in urban communities in summer. Most people were affected by high voltage electricity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tolouie
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ramyar Farzan
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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15
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Muguregowda HT. An Observational Study on Clothing Characteristics Involved as Major Contributors in Sustaining Domestic Burns Injuries. World J Plast Surg 2019; 8:293-297. [PMID: 31620329 PMCID: PMC6790257 DOI: 10.29252/wjps.8.3.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fire and burn-related injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and is a serious public health problem in developing countries. Several studies showed causes such as low socioeconomic status, poor living conditions, illiteracy, and floor level cooking, however, very few studies stated severity of the burn injuries to be dependent on ignition of type clothing garment and fabric wore at the time of incident. METHODS A cross sectional observational study done on burn injury patients admitted from February 2014 to August 2016. Data were collected from the patients or their relatives and analysed. RESULTS Among 224 burn injury patients, majority were females (59.3%) sustained burn injuries in the study population (p=0.005). Victims wearing long loose flowing garments such as sarees (41.1%), salwar (22.3%), and dupatta (9.8%) were caught fire easily and sustained more burn injuries, compared to clothes reaching down to the knee and short fitting dresses (p=0.004). Percentage of burn was higher among wearers of synthetic fabrics (50.89%) than that of cottons (20.53%, p=0.028]. CONCLUSION Every year, thousands of people are injured when their clothing catches fire. The findings reported herein documented that public knowledge about clothing related fire risks was lacking. This can be reduced by bringing about stronger regulations by government and to educate about the magnitude of the problems inflicted by burn injuries and to oversight and to promote less inflammable fabrics to be worn at home, especially in kitchen.
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16
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Seyedoshohadaee M, Khachian A, Seyedfatemi N, Mahmoudi M. The Effect of Short-Term Training Course by Nurses on Body Image in Patients with Burn Injuries. World J Plast Surg 2019; 8:359-364. [PMID: 31620339 PMCID: PMC6790268 DOI: 10.29252/wjps.8.3.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn is the fourth most common cause of trauma worldwide and is the fourth among the injuries and surgeries requiring medical care. This study was designed to determine the effect of a short-term training course by nurses on body image in patients with burn injuries. METHODS This study was a semi-experimental single-group survey assessing before and after interventions. Totally, 130 subjects (65 women and 65 men) were enrolled. The training course was held in 3 sessions of two hours. The contents of the group training course (a group of 5 people) were in relation to the body image and the factors affecting it, and the ways to improve the body image. The data collection instrument was the satisfaction with appearance scale (SWAP). RESULTS The mean scores of the body image of patients before and after the intervention were 49.44±11.39 and 41.63±11.89, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean scores of body image before and after educational interventions (T=6.013, P≤0.001). The mean score of body image in women before and after intervention was 49.2±10.9 and 41.2±11.65, respectively (T=4.51, P≤0.000). The mean score of body image in men before and after intervention was 49.6±11.89 and 42.07±12.19, respectively (T=4.51, P≤0.000). CONCLUSION Short-term courses held by nurses were shown to have a significant role in improving the body image of burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Seyedoshohadaee
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alice Khachian
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;,Corresponding Author: Alice Khachian, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Rashid Yasami Street, Valiasr Street, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-9123947004,
| | - Naimeh Seyedfatemi
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mokhtar Mahmoudi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Goussous N, Abdullah A, Milner SM. Fusarium Solani Infection Following Burn Injury: A Case Report. World J Plast Surg 2019; 8:406-409. [PMID: 31620346 PMCID: PMC6790252 DOI: 10.29252/wjps.8.3.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are becoming increasingly recognized among burn patients. Infection with Fusarium, a filamentous mold, is rarely encountered and mainly seen in immunocompromised patients. High mortality and morbidity were reported with these virulent infections. We present a rare case of refractory septic shock from upper extremity fungal infection with Fusarium solani in a burn patient. Multiple operative debridements and below elbow amputation caused resolution of septic shock. Closure was achieved with a split thickness skin graft. Aggressive approach should be adopted in managing burn patients with Fusarium infection. Serial debridements and extremity amputation should be considered in attempts to improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Goussous
- Johns Hopkins Burn Center, Michael D. Hendrix Burn Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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18
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Hashemi FB, Behrouz B, Irajian G, Laghaei P, Korpi F, Fatemi MJ. A trivalent vaccine consisting of "flagellin A+B and pilin" protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in a murine burn model. Microb Pathog 2019; 138:103697. [PMID: 31465785 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common nosocomial pathogen in burn patients, and rapidly achieves antibiotic resistance, and thus, developing an effective vaccine is critically important for combating P. aeruginosa infection. Flagella and pili play important roles in colonization of P. aeruginosa at the burn wound site and its subsequent dissemination to deeper tissue and organs. In the present study, we evaluated protective efficacy of a trivalent vaccine containing flagellins A and B (FlaA + FlaB) + pilin (PilA) in a murine burn model of infection. "FlaA + FlaB + PilA" induced greater protection in P. aeruginosa murine burn model than the single components alone, and it showed broad immune protection against P. aeruginosa strains. Immunization with "FlaA + FlaB + PilA" induced strong opsonophagocytic antibodies and resulted in reduced bacterial loads, systemic IL-12/IL-10 cytokine expression, and increased survival after challenge with three times lethal dose fifty (LD50) of P. eruginosa strains. Moreover, the protective efficacy of "FlaA + FlaB + PilA" vaccination was largely attributed to specific antibodies. Taken together, these data further confirm that the protective effects of "FlaA + FlaB + PilA" vaccine significantly enhance efficacy compared with antibodies against either mono or divalent antigen, and that the former broadens the coverage against P. eruginosa strains that express two of the three antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad B Hashemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahador Behrouz
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Burn Research Center, Hazrat Fatima Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Irajian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Laghaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Korpi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Fatemi
- Burn Research Center, Hazrat Fatima Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Layeghi-Ghalehsoukhteh S, Jalaei J, Fazeli M, Memarian P, Shekarforoush SS. Evaluation of 'green' synthesis and biological activity of gold nanoparticles using Tragopogon dubius leaf extract as an antibacterial agent. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 12:1118-1124. [PMID: 30964024 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the use of 'green' synthesised nanoparticles with environmentally friendly properties is considered a novel therapeutic approach in medicine. Here, the authors evaluated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with Tragopogon dubius leaf extract and their antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo. Colour changes from yellow to dark brown and a peak at 560 nm on ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses were performed to determine particle sizes and functional groups involved in gold reduction. Moreover, using standard micro-dilution and disc-diffusion assays against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, the antimicrobial properties of synthesised AuNPs were investigated. To confirm antibacterial activity, synthesised AuNPs were applied in a rat model on burn wounds infected with S. aureus, and the nanoparticles were as effective as tetracycline in bacterial reduction and wound healing. In conclusion, the synthesis of AuNPs with aqueous T. dubius extract was rapid, simple, and inexpensive, and the synthesised nanoparticles had significant antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jafar Jalaei
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Fazeli
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Parastoo Memarian
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Zhang J, Wan C, Yu B, Gao C, Zhao L, Cheng X, Yang F, Gu H, Zou Q, Gu J, Wang X. Prophylactic and therapeutic protection of human IgG purified from sera containing anti-exotoxin A titers against pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019; 15:2993-3002. [PMID: 31116632 PMCID: PMC6930096 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1619404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies are effective alternative tools to combat infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), especially multi-drug-resistant PA. Thus, to solve the urgent need for an anti-PA antibody drug, we hypothesized that anti-PA intravenous immunoglobulins could be a practical attempt. Exotoxin A (ETA) is one of the most important factors for PA infection and is also a critical target for the development of immune interventions. In this study, a total of 320 sera were collected from healthy volunteers. The concentration of ETA-specific antibodies was determined by a Luminex-based assay and then purified by affinity chromatography. The purified IgGs were able to neutralize the cytotoxicity of ETA in vitro. We showed they had a prophylactic and therapeutic protective effect in PA pneumonia and ETA toxemia models. In addition, administration of nonspecific IgGs also provided partial protection. Collectively, our results provide additional evidence for IVIG-based treatment of infections caused by multi-drug-resistant PA and suggest that patients at high risk of PA pneumonia could be prophylactically treated with anti-ETA IgGs or even with nonspecific IgGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuang Wan
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Chen Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Liqun Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xin Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Feng Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hao Gu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiang Gu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xingyong Wang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Hamblin MR. Novel pharmacotherapy for burn wounds: what are the advancements. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:305-321. [PMID: 30517046 PMCID: PMC6364296 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2018.1551880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prognosis for severe burns has improved significantly over the past 50 years. Meanwhile, burns have become an affliction mainly affecting the less well-developed regions of the world. Early excision and skin grafting has led to major improvements in therapeutic outcomes. AREAS COVERED The purpose of this article is to survey the use of pharmacotherapy to treat different pathophysiological complications of burn injury. The author, herein, discusses the use of drug treatments for a number of systemic metabolic disturbances including hyperglycemia, elevated catabolism, and gluconeogenesis. EXPERT OPINION Advancements in personalized and molecular medicine will make an impact on burn therapy. Similarities between severe burns and other critically ill patients will lead to cross-fertilization between different medical specialties. Furthermore, advances in stem cells and tissue regeneration will lead to improved healing and less lifelong disability. Indeed, research in new drug therapy for burns is actively progressing for many different complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Hamblin
- a Wellman Center for Photomedicine , Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
- b Department of Dermatology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
- c Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA
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22
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Moon P, Jithendran N. Invasive Fungal Infection with Absidia Corymbifera in Immunocompetent Patient with Electrical Scalp Burn. World J Plast Surg 2018; 7:249-252. [PMID: 30083512 PMCID: PMC6066699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infection in burn injury is caused by inoculation of fungal spore from patient skin, respiratory tract or from care giver. The risk factors for acquiring fungal infection in burns include age of burns, total burn size, full thickness burns, inhalational injury, prolonged hospital stay, late surgical excision, open dressing, central venous catheters, antibiotics, steroid treatment, long-term artificial ventilation, fungal wound colonization, hyperglycemic episodes and other immunosuppressive disorders. Invasive fungal infection with Absidia corymbifera is rare opportunistic infection encountered in patient with burn injury. The key for treatment is early clinical diagnosis, wide and repeated debridement and systemic and local antifungal treatment. We describe a case of invasive fungal infection with A. corymbifera in a patient with post-electrical scalp burn with late presentation after 10 days of injury in an immunocompetent patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Moon
- Krishna Hospital and Research Center, Gurunanak Pura, Nainital Road, India,Corresponding Author: Prashant Moon, MD, Krishna Hospital and Research Center, Gurunanak Pura, Nainital Road, Heydarabad, India. E-mail:
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Investigation of eucalyptus essence 1% and its mixture with licorice gel 10% on the infected third-degree burn wound in rat model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-018-2732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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24
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Hemmati A, Namjuyan F, Yousefi S, Housmand G, Khadem Haghighian H, Rezaei A. The Healing Effect of N-Hexan- Dichloromethane Extract Root Onosma Bulbotrichum in Second Degree Burns. World J Plast Surg 2018; 7:25-33. [PMID: 29651389 PMCID: PMC5890363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing is the process of repair following an injury to the skin and other soft tissues. In this study, the effect of n-hexane d-chloromethane extract (1: 1) of root Onosma bulbotrichum DC on the second degree burn in rabbit model was investigated. METHODS Thirty-six adult rabbits of both sexes were randomly divided into six groups, control (without treatment), negative control (treatment with cold cream), positive control (treatment with silver sulfadiazine), and treatment groups with 5%, 1% and 2% O. bulbotrichum cream and assessed histologically. RESULTS The best result was shown in 5% O. bulbotrichum group similar to silver sulfadiazine group. The maximum amount of collagen and the tensile strength of tissue were observed in 5% O. bulbotrichum and silver sulfadiazine groups. Histopathological examination showed that burn healing in treatment group with 5% O. bulbotrichum was faster than other groups. CONCLUSION The 5% O. bulbotrichum cream was shown to have healing, and anti-inflammatory effects when used in treatment of second degree burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliasghar Hemmati
- Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Physiology Research Center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Forough Namjuyan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sadegh Yousefi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Housmand
- Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Physiology Research Center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;,Corresponding Author: Gholamreza Housmand, PhD, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology Group, School of Pharmacy, Physiology Research Center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, Tel: +98-914-3436838, Fax: +98-2-833336001, E-mail:
| | | | - Anahita Rezaei
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
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25
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Vaghardoost R, Mousavi Majd SG, Tebyanian H, Babavalian H, Malaei L, Niazi M, Javdani A. The Healing Effect of Sesame Oil, Camphor and Honey on Second Degree Burn Wounds in Rat. World J Plast Surg 2018; 7:67-71. [PMID: 29651394 PMCID: PMC5890368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies were carried out to improve sophisticated dressings to accelerate healing processes and reduce the microbial burden in burn wounds. This study evaluated the healing effect of herbal ointment containing extract of sesame oil, camphor and honey on second degree burn wounds in rats in comparison with daily dressing oil vaseline. METHODS Forty rats were randomly assigned to two equal groups. A deep second degree burn was formed on the back of each rat with using a standard burning technique. The burns were dressed daily with herbal ointment containing extract of sesame oil, camphor and honey in group 1, dressing oil vaseline in group 2. The response to treatment was evaluated by digital photography during the treatment on 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days. Histological scoring was undertaken for scar tissue samples on 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days. RESULTS Considerable epithelization in the herbal ointment group vs. the control group over the study period was noted. Neovascularization was significantly higher in herbal ointment treated rats as well. In terms of difference of wound surface area, maximal healing was noticed in herbal ointment extract of sesame oil, camphor and honey group and the minimal repair in the control group. CONCLUSION The greatest rate of healing was in the herbal ointment group containing sesame oil, camphor and honey, so the herbal ointment as a suitable substitute for dressing and healing of burn wound injuries is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Vaghardoost
- Shahid Motahari Burn Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Tebyanian
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Hamid Babavalian
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Malaei
- Shahid Motahari Burn Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Niazi
- Shahid Motahari Burn Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Javdani
- Shahid Motahari Burn Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;,Corresponding Author: Ali Javadani, PhD; Shahid Motahari Burn Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-21-33405070 , E-mail:
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Karki D, Narayan RP. Role of Square Flap in Post Burn Axillary Contractures. World J Plast Surg 2017; 6:285-291. [PMID: 29218276 PMCID: PMC5714972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-burn contractures are a commonly encountered problem and many techniques have been described in their treatment. Z-plasties are the commonest local flap procedure done for linear bands with adjacent healthy tissue. Our aim was to assess the use of square flap technique in axillary contractures. METHODS Ten patients with type I and II axillary contractures underwent release by the square flap technique. All cases were followed up for at least one year and analysed for range of motion and aesthetic outcome. RESULTS All cases achieved full range of movement postoperatively with no recurrence during follow up period and a good cosmetic outcome. CONCLUSION Square flap was shown to be a reliable technique for mild to moderate axillary contractures of the anterior or posterior axillary folds even when there is significant adjacent scarring of chest wall or back of types I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Karki
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vardhaman Mahavoir Medical Collefe and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Mohtasham Amiri Z, Tanideh N, Seddighi A, Mokhtari M, Amini M, Shakouri Partovi A, Manafi A, Hashemi SS, Mehrabani D. The Effect of Lithospermum officinale, Silver Sulfadiazine and Alpha Ointments in Healing of Burn Wound Injuries in Rat. World J Plast Surg 2017; 6:313-318. [PMID: 29218280 PMCID: PMC5714976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn is the most devastating condition in emergency medicine leading to chronic disabilities. This study aimed to compare the effect of Lithospermum officinale, silver sulfadiazine and alpha ointments on healing of burn wounds in rat. METHODS Ninety-five rats were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 just underwent burn injury, and groups 2-5 received alpha ointment, silver sulfadiazine (SSD), gel base and L. officinale extract, respectively. A hot plate was used for induction of a standard 3rd degree burn wound. Burn wounds were macroscopically and microscopically evaluated on days 7th, 14th and 21st after burn induction. RESULTS A decrease in the number of inflammatory cells was noted when L. officinale and SSD were applied while the most inflammatory response was seen after administration of alpha ointment. The number of macrophages alone decreased after burn injury, while the frequency was the most when L. officinale and alpha ointment were applied. Re-epithelialization, angiogenesis and formation of granulation tissue were the best in relation to L. officinale and alpha ointment while, the worst results belonged to burn injury group and SSD regarding granulation tissue formation. Considering histological assessment, the best results were observed for scoring of inflammation, re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, formation of granulation tissue and number of macrophage when L. officinale and alpha ointment were used after burn injury. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that topical application of L. officinale as a non-toxic, inexpensive and easy to produce herbal can lead to a rapid epithelialization and wound healing and these findings can be added to the literature on burn wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mohtasham Amiri
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahita Seddighi
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maral Mokhtari
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masood Amini
- Minimal Invasive Laparascopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alborz Shakouri Partovi
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amir Manafi
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Hashemi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Co-Corresponding Authors: *Davood Mehrabani, PhD, Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Tel: +98-732341025, E-mail: , *Seyede Sara Hashemi, PhD, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Tel: +98-71-36281563, E-mail:
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;,Co-Corresponding Authors: *Davood Mehrabani, PhD, Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Tel: +98-732341025, E-mail: , *Seyede Sara Hashemi, PhD, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Tel: +98-71-36281563, E-mail:
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Vaghardoost R, Kazemzadeh J, Dahmardehei M, Rabiepoor S, Farzan R, Kheiri AA, Khosravy R, Manafi F. Epidemiology of Acid-Burns in a Major Referral Hospital in Tehran, Iran. World J Plast Surg 2017; 6:170-175. [PMID: 28713707 PMCID: PMC5506351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of the acid- burns are due to assault or accidental. The epidemiology of burns is diverse across the world and within a country. We evaluated the epidemiology and outcome of acid-burns in tertiary health care center in Tehran, Iran. METHODS This study was retrospective descriptive among patients referred for acid-burn injury that was done in a referral Burn Care Center in Tehran, Iran, during a ten-year period since 2005 to 2014. Patient's data collected by a specially designed check list. The subjects included 37 consecutive patients with various causes of acid burn injury. Descriptive statistics (means with standard deviations or frequency distribution) of sociodemographic variables were computed. RESULTS The patients' mean age was 31.97±11.02 years. The mean hospitalization period was 18.08±15.25 days. The grade of burn was III in 75.7% patients. Among the acid-burn patients, 64.8% suffered from <20% of total body surface area burn. Most affected part of the body was Head /face/neck 17 (45.9%). Most of the acid-burn occurred from attack (67.6%). Burns mortality rate for this study was identified 8.1% (N=3). CONCLUSION The results of this study showed high acid attacks rates. Prevention strategies must be coordinated at national level. So acid-burn patients have to receive the best medical care possible, first locally and then in a specialized center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Vaghardoost
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Kazemzadeh
- Reconstructive and Burn surgeon, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mostafa Dahmardehei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Rabiepoor
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Midwifery Department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran;,Corresponding Author: Soheila Rabiepoor, Department of Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Campus Nazlu, 11 KM Road Sero, Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran, Tel: +989143406043, Fax: +984432754921, E-mail:
| | - Ramyar Farzan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Rasht University of Medical Sciences, Gilan, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Kheiri
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rahman Khosravy
- Department of Surgery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Farzad Manafi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Varaei S, Mohaddes Ardabili F, Sabaghzadeh Irani P, Ranjbar H. The Effect of Aloe Vera Gel and Nitrofurazone on Dressing Related Pain of Superficial Burn Wounds. World J Plast Surg 2017; 6:254-256. [PMID: 28713723 PMCID: PMC5506367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shokoh Varaei
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parichehr Sabaghzadeh Irani
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;,Corresponding Author: Parichehr Sabaghzadeh Irani, PhD; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98-9362172211, E-mail:
| | - Hadi Ranjbar
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Iqbal A, Jan A, Wajid MA, Tariq S. Management of Chronic Non-healing Wounds by Hirudotherapy. World J Plast Surg 2017; 6:9-17. [PMID: 28289608 PMCID: PMC5339604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A chronic wound is a wound that does not heal in an orderly set of stages and in a predictable amount of time or wounds that do not heal within three months are often considered chronic. Chronic wounds often remain in the inflammatory stage for too long and may never heal or may take years. Chronic wound patients often report pain as dominant in their lives. Persistent pain is the main problem for patients with chronic ulcers. Many wounds pose no challenge to the body's innate ability to heal; some wounds, however, may not heal easily either because of the severity of the wounds themselves or because of the poor state of health of the individual. Any wound that does not heal within a few weeks should be examined by a healthcare professional because it might be infected, might reflect an underlying disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsheed Iqbal
- RRIUM, Naseem Bagh Faculty of Medicine, Kashmir University, Srinagar City, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Afroza Jan
- RRIUM, Naseem Bagh Faculty of Medicine, Kashmir University, Srinagar City, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - MA Wajid
- RRIUM, Naseem Bagh Faculty of Medicine, Kashmir University, Srinagar City, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sheikh Tariq
- JLNM Hospital, Department of plastic surgery, Kashmir University, Srinagar City, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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31
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Najafi Ghezeljeh T, Mohades Ardebili F, Rafii F, Manafi F. The Effect of Massage on Anticipatory Anxiety and Procedural Pain in Patients with Burn Injury. World J Plast Surg 2017; 6:40-47. [PMID: 28289612 PMCID: PMC5339608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain related to burn injuries is one of the most troublesome pain intensity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of massage on anticipatory anxiety, procedural pain intensity, vital signs and relaxation level of patients with burn injury. METHODS In this quasi-experimental study, through convenience sampling, 60 hospitalized adult burn patients were selected from a specialized burn and reconstructive hospital. Subjects were assigned to massage and control groups through simple randomization. Massage was offered by using non aromatic oil about 10-15 minutes before wound care on intact part of the body once a day for 20 minutes on patients' bedside for 3 consecutive days. In the 3 days, the control group did not received any massage and were asked to stay at bed. Demographic and clinical characteristics and vital signs, Visual Analogue Scale and the Persian version of Burn Specific Pain Anxiety Scale were used to determine baseline and procedural pain, anxiety and relaxation levels and anticipatory anxiety. RESULTS No significant difference was noted between mean score of pain intensity, anxiety and relaxation level, and vital signs in massage and control groups after intervention following wound care. In massage and control groups, there was no significant differences between mean scores of anticipatory anxiety before and after intervention. There was no significant difference between the mean scores of anticipatory anxiety in massage and control groups after intervention prior wound care. CONCLUSION Massage was shown not to have any effect on anticipatory anxiety and procedural pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Najafi Ghezeljeh
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatimah Mohades Ardebili
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; ,Corresponding Author: Fatimah Mohades Ardebili, MSc; Senior Lecturer of Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98 21 88882885, Fax: +98 21 88201978,
| | - Forough Rafii
- Center for Nursing Care Research, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Manafi
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fayazzadeh E, Yavarifar H, Rafie SR, Motamed S, Sotoudeh Anvari M, Boroumand MA. Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 vs. Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 in Ischemic Skin Flap Survival in a Rat Animal Model. World J Plast Surg 2016; 5:274-279. [PMID: 27853691 PMCID: PMC5109389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the main challenges in skin flap surgery is tissue ischemia and following necrosis. The present study compares the effects of fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2 on increasing cutaneous vasculature, improving ischemia, and preventing distal necrosis in ischemic skin flaps in rat model. METHODS Thirty rats were allocated into 3 groups (n=10) and 2×8 cm dorsal random-pattern skin flaps were raised after four daily subdermal injections of normal saline (control group), fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1 group; 2.5 µg/day), or fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2 group; 2.5 µg/day) at designated flap areas. Skin flap viability and number of blood vessels were evaluated on day 10 after elevation by planimetric analysis and histological examination. RESULTS It was shown that administrations of FGF-1 and FGF-2 significantly decreased the percentage of flap necrosis and improved the percentage of ischemic survivable area, compared to the control samples. Meanwhile, the differences between these factors in terms of preventing skin flap necrosis and improving ischemia were also significant. The number of visible blood vessel sections was also higher in FGF-1 and FGF-2 groups than in the control group. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that, while FGF-2 is still much more potent than FGF-1, treatment with either of these drugs could be very effective in increasing the survival of surgical flaps at risk (length to width ratio>3) in situations that other therapeutic options could not be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Fayazzadeh
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; ,Corresponding Author: Ehsan Fayazzadeh, MD; No. 89, Block B1, Shahrak Ekbatan, Tehran, postal code: 13949-13356, Iran, Tel/Fax: +98-21-44641894,
| | | | - Seyyed Reza Rafie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 15 Khordad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadrollah Motamed
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 15 Khordad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Superficial Burn Wound Healing with Intermittent Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Under Limited Access and Conventional Dressings. World J Plast Surg 2016; 5:265-273. [PMID: 27853690 PMCID: PMC5109388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thermal injury is associated with several biochemical and histopathological alteration in tissue. Analysis of these objective parameters in research and clinical field are common to determine healing rate of burn wound. Negative pressure wound therapy has been achieved wide success in treating chronic wounds. This study determines superficial burn wound healing with intermittent negative pressure wound therapy under limited access and conventional dressings. METHODS A total 50 patients were randomised into two equal groups: limited access and conventional dressing groups. Selective biochemical parameters such as hydroxyproline, hexosamine, total protein, and antioxidants, malondialdhyde (MDA), wound surface pH, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in the granulation tissue. Histopathologically, necrotic tissue, amount of inflammatory infiltrate, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix deposition (ECM) were studied to determine wound healing under intermittent negative pressure. RESULTS Patients treated with limited access have shown significant increase in the mean hydroxyproline, hexosamine, total protein, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and decrease in MDA, MMP-2, wound surface pH, and NO. Histopathologic study showed that there was a significant difference after 10 days of treatment between limited access vs conventional dressing group, Median (Q1, Q3)=3 (2, 4.25) vs 2 (1.75, 4). CONCLUSION Limited access was shown to exert its beneficial effects on wound healing by increasing ground substance, antioxidants and reducing MMP-2 activity, MDA, NO and providing optimal pH, decreasing necrotic tissue, amount of inflammatory infiltrate, increasing ECM deposition and angiogenesis.
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Ramos-Gallardo G. Chronic Wounds in Burn Injury: A Case Report on Importance of Biofilms. World J Plast Surg 2016; 5:175-80. [PMID: 27579274 PMCID: PMC5003954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the National Institutes of Health and the Center for Disease and Prevention, it is estimated that 65 to 80 percent of the human infectious are caused by biofilms. Antibiotics and drainage of purulent discharge are the main treatment measures. But in chronic infections sometimes these findings are not easy to recognize. Biofilm is an extracellular polymeric conglomeration generally composed of extracellular DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides, which help bacteria to survive into the host. The following case is the example of chronic wound in burn patient, where biofilm gets involved and special attention is given to the relationship biofilm-chronic wound injury in a burn patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Ramos-Gallardo
- Corresponding Author: Guillermo Ramos-Gallardo, MD; Vallarta Medical Center, #5590 Copernico Av. Zapopan, Jalisco, Zip 45070, México, Tel: +52-33-36340043, E-mail:
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Eskandarlou M, Azimi M, Rabiee S, Seif Rabiee MA. The Healing Effect of Amniotic Membrane in Burn Patients. World J Plast Surg 2016; 5:39-44. [PMID: 27308239 PMCID: PMC4904137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different methods for dressing of donor site of skin graft in burn patients have similarly pain, limitation of mobility of donor site and local complications such as infection and scar. Amniotic membrane has used for improvement of healing in some wounds. Accordingly in this study amnion was used as biologic dressing for donor site of skin graft to evaluate it's efficacy in improvement of pain, move score and the risk of local infection. METHODS Study was done as clinical trial over 32 admitted patients in burn department of Beasat hospital. Amnion was prepared in elective caesarean section after rule out any placental site for risk of torch and viral infection. Skin graft was taken from two sites in every patient. One site dressed with amnion and another with routine dressing. Then two sites were compared about severity of pain, move score, infection and time of dressing sloughing. RESULTS Fourteen patients were women and 18 men. Mean score of pain and movement up to fourth and fifth post operative day respectively was less than control site. No difference is seen about infection and dressing slough in two sites. CONCLUSION It seems use of amnion for dressing of donor site probably cause rapid epithelialisation and wound healing and can improve pain and move score in early post operative days. Accordingly it is expected to need less analgesia and low rate of immobilization and following complications and earlier discharge of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Eskandarlou
- Department of General Surgery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mina Azimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Soghra Rabiee
- Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Seif Rabiee
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Farajnia S, Peerayeh SN, Tanomand A, Majidi J, Goudarzi G, Naghili B, Rahbarnia L. Protective efficacy of recombinant exotoxin A--flagellin fusion protein against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Can J Microbiol 2015; 61:60-4. [PMID: 25496361 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium that causes serious nosocomial infection in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to prepare a fusion protein consisting of exotoxin A (ExoA) and flagellin (Fla) from P. aeruginosa and to evaluate its potential as a vaccine candidate against P. aeruginosa infection. The genes encoding for ExoA and Fla proteins were cloned in-frame and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant ExoA-Fla fusion protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Mice were immunized subcutaneously with ExoA, Fla, and ExoA-Fla fusion proteins, and the humoral immune response was evaluated by ELISA method. The immunized and control group mice were challenged with a 2× LD50 (7.5 × 10(7) CFU) of P. aeruginosa for the protection assay. The results indicated that vaccination with Fla, ExoA, and ExoA-Fla fusion proteins produced a significant amount of specific immunoglobulin G antibodies. Immunization of mice with ExoA-Fla fusion protein showed significant protection against intraperitoneal challenge with 7.5 × 10(7) CFU (2× LD50) P. aeruginosa. Results of this study suggest that recombinant ExoA-Fla fusion protein is a highly immunogenic protective protein showing promise as a vaccine candidate against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safar Farajnia
- a Research Center for Infectious and Tropical Disease, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Bohr S, Patel SJ, Vasko R, Shen K, Golberg A, Berthiaume F, Yarmush ML. The Role of CHI3L1 (Chitinase-3-Like-1) in the Pathogenesis of Infections in Burns in a Mouse Model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140440. [PMID: 26528713 PMCID: PMC4631332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In severe burn injury the unique setting of a depleted, dysfunctional immune system along with a loss of barrier function commonly results in opportunistic infections that eventually proof fatal. Unfortunately, the dynamic sequence of bacterial contamination, colonization and eventually septic invasion with bacteria such as Pseudomonas species is still poorly understood although a limiting factor in clinical decision making. Increasing evidence supports the notion that inhibition of bacterial translocation into the wound site may be an effective alternative to prevent infection. In this context we investigated the role of the mammalian Chitinase-3-Like-1 (CHI3L1) non-enyzmatic protein predominately expressed on epithelial as well as innate immune cells as a potential bacterial-translocation-mediating factor. We show a strong trend that a modulation of chitinase expression is likely to be effective in reducing mortality rates in a mouse model of burn injury with superinfection with the opportunistic PA14 Pseudomonas strain, thus demonstrating possible clinical leverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bohr
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children and Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department Plastic and Hand Surgery—Burn Center, UKA University Clinics RWTH, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Suraj J. Patel
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children and Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Radovan Vasko
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States of America
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, UMG University Clinics, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Keyue Shen
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children and Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Alexander Golberg
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children and Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Porter School of Environmental Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Francois Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Martin L. Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children and Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
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Nasiri E, Hosseinimehr SJ, Azadbakht M, Akbari J, Enayati-Fard R, Azizi S, Azadbakht M. The Healing Effect of Arnebia Euchroma Ointment versus Silver Sulfadiazine on Burn Wounds in Rat. World J Plast Surg 2015; 4:134-44. [PMID: 26284182 PMCID: PMC4537605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn is still a majordevastating condition in emergency medicine departments among both genders and all age groups in all developed and developing countries, leading to physical, psychological scars and economical burden. The present study aimed to determine the healing effect of topical treatment with Arnebia euchroma on second-degree burn wound in rats. METHODS Fifty rats were divided into 4 equal groups receiving the ointment base, normal saline (NS), standard 1% silver sulfadiazine (SSD), and 5% and 10% Arnebia euchroma ointments (AEO). The mean of burn area, percentage of wound contraction, histopathological and bacteriological assessments in the injured area were dtermined during the study. RESULTS Average area of wound on the 10(th) day was 10.2±2.3, 8.4±2.6, 12.4±2.5, 5.9±2.2 and 5.7±2 cm(2) for ointment base, NS, 1% SSD, and 5% and 10% AEO, respectively. Wound size was significantly lower in 10% AEO than 1% SSD and control groups on the 10(th) day post-burn injury. On day 11, the percentage of wound contraction in 5% and 10% AEO was 53.9%±14.7% and 55.9±10.5% which was more than 1% SSD (15.3±10.8%). The collagen fibers were well formed and horizontally-oriented in 5% and 10% AEO groups when compared with other groups. CONCLUSION Arnebia euchroma ointment was an effective treatment for healing of burn wounds in comparison with SSD and can be regarded as an alternative topical treatment for burn wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Nasiri
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;,Corresponding Authors: Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr, PhD, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-11-33544308,
| | - Mohammad Azadbakht
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jafar Akbari
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Enayati-Fard
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sohail Azizi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Ghaffari A, Manafi A, Moghimi HR. Clindamycin Phosphate Absorption from Nanoliposomal Formulations through Third-Degree Burn Eschar. World J Plast Surg 2015; 4:145-52. [PMID: 26284183 PMCID: PMC4537606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown that topical nanoliposomal formulations improve burn healing process. On the other hand, it has been shown that liposomal formulations increase drug deposition in the normal skin while decrease their systemic absorption; there is not such data available for burn eschar. Present investigation studies permeation of clindamycin phosphate (CP) through burn eschar from liposomal formulations to answer this question. In this investigation, permeation of CP through fully hydrated third-degree burn eschar was evaluated using solution, normal nanoliposomes and ultradeformable nanoliposomes. METHODS Liposomal CP were prepared by thin-film hydration and characterized in terms of size, size distribution, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and short-time stability. Then the effect of liposomal lipid concentration on CP absorption was investigated. RESULTS The permeability coefficient ratio (liposome/solution) and permeation lag-time ratio (liposome/solution) of CP through burn eschar at 20 Mm lipid concentration were 0.81±0.21 and 1.19±1.30 respectively, indicating the retardation effects of liposomes. Data also showed that increasing liposomal lipid concentration from 20 to 100 mM, clindamycin permeation decreased by about 2 times. There was no difference between normal liposome and ultradeformable liposome in terms of clindamycin absorption. CONCLUSION Nanoliposomes could decrease trans-eschar absorption of CP, in good agreement with normal skin data, and might indicate CP deposition in the eschar tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Ghaffari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;,Department of Food and Drug Control, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Manafi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Moghimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;,Corresponding Authors: Hamid Reza Moghimi, MD; Professor of Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran Tel: +98-21-88665317, Fax: +98-21-88209620, E-mail:
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Tanideh N, Haddadi MH, Rokni-Hosseini MH, Hossienzadeh M, Mehrabani D, Sayehmiri K, Koohi-Hossienabadi O. The healing effect of scrophularia striata on experimental burn wounds infected to pseudomonas aeruginosa in rat. World J Plast Surg 2015; 4:16-23. [PMID: 25606472 PMCID: PMC4298860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cause of death in burn patients after 48 hours of hospitalization has been reported to be bacterial infections. Recently, due to the compounds accelerating the healing process and the intense reduction of treatment side effects, medicinal plants are used to cure burn wound infections. This study aims to investigate the medicinal effect of the ethanolic extract of Scrophularia striata on burn wound infection in in-vivo and in-vitro in comparison with silver sulfadiazine (SSD). METHODS One hundred and fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 equal groups. A hot plate of 1×1cm was used to create second degree burn wounds. The ethanolic extract of S. striata was provided through percolation method. Group 1 was treated with SSD, group 2 with S. striata, and group 3 was considered as control group. All animals were infected to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. On days 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 after burn wound injury, the animals were euthanized and were evaluated histologically. The MIC and MBC were determined using the micro dilution method. RESULTS The rate of wound healing was significantly greater in S. striata group in comparison to SSD and control groups. CONCLUSION S. striata contains was shown to have anti-bacterial and wound healing effects while this effect was significantly more than SSD denoting to its use when needed for burn wounds infected to P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tanideh
- Shiraz Burn Research Center, Pharmacology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Haddadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;,Co-corresponding Authors: Mohammad Hossein Haddadi, Student Research Committe, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Tel: +98-9188417822, Fax: +98-71323043256, E-mail: . Davood Mehrabani, PhD; Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Tel/Fax: +98-71-32341025, E-mail:
| | | | | | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;,Co-corresponding Authors: Mohammad Hossein Haddadi, Student Research Committe, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Tel: +98-9188417822, Fax: +98-71323043256, E-mail: . Davood Mehrabani, PhD; Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, Tel/Fax: +98-71-32341025, E-mail:
| | - Kourosh Sayehmiri
- Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Mehrabani D, Farjam M, Geramizadeh B, Tanideh N, Amini M, Panjehshahin MR. The healing effect of curcumin on burn wounds in rat. World J Plast Surg 2015; 4:29-35. [PMID: 25606474 PMCID: PMC4298862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burns are still considered one of the most devastating conditions in emergency medicine affecting both genders and all age groups in developed and developing countries, resulting into physical and psychological scars and cause chronic disabilities. This study was performed to determine the healing effect of curcumin on burn wounds in rat. METHODS Seventy female Sprague-Dawley 180-220 g rats were randomly divided into 5 equal groups. Groups of A-C received 0.1, 0.5 and 2% curcumin respectively and Group D, silver sulfadiazine ointment. Group E was considered as control group and received eucerin. After 7, 14 and 21 days of therapy, the animals were sacrificed and burn areas were macroscopically examined and histologically were scored. RESULTS Administration of curcumin resulted into a decrease in size of the burn wounds and a reduction in inflammation after 14(th) days. Reepithelialization was prominent in groups A-C while more distinguishable in group C. In group C, epidermis exhibited well structured layers without any crusting. There were spindle shaped fibroblasts in fascicular pattern, oriented parallel to the epithelial surface with eosinophilic collagen matrix. CONCLUSION Curcumin as an available and inexpensive herbal was shown be a suitable substitute in healing of burn wounds especially when 2% concentration was applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Farjam
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran;,Correspondence Author: Mojtaba Farjam, Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran, Tel: +98-731-2220994, Fax: +98-71-32341025, E-mail:
| | - Bita Geramizadeh
- Organ Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masood Amini
- Laparascopy Research Center, Department of Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Saaiq M, Ahmad S, Zaib MS. Burn wound infections and antibiotic susceptibility patterns at pakistan institute of medical sciences, islamabad, pakistan. World J Plast Surg 2015; 4:9-15. [PMID: 25606471 PMCID: PMC4298859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROND Burn wound infections carry considerable mortality and morbidity amongst burn injury victims who have been successfully rescued through the initial resuscitation. This study assessed the prevalent microrganisms causing burn wound infections among hospitalized patients; their susceptibility pattern to commonly used antibiotics; and the frequency of infections with respect to the duration of the burn wounds. METHODS This study was carried out at Burn Care Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan over a period of two years (i.e. from June 2010 to May 2012). The study included all wound-culture-positive patients of either gender and all ages, who had sustained deep burns and underwent definitive management with wound excisions and skin auto-grafting. Patients with negative cultures of the wounds were excluded. Tissue specimens for culture and sensitivity were collected from burn wounds using standard collection techniques and analyzed at microbiological laboratory. RESULTS Out of a total of 95 positive microbial growths, 36 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (35.29%) as the most frequent isolate found, followed by 21 Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.58%), 19 Staphylococcus aureaus (18.62%), 10 Proteus (9.80%), 7 E. coli (6.86%), 7 Acinetobacter (6.86%), and 4 Candida (3.92%). A variable antibiotic susceptibility pattern was observed among the grown microbes. Positive cultures were significantly more frequent among patients with over two weeks duration of burn wounds. CONCLUSION P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae and S. aureus constituted the most common bacterial microbes of burn wounds in our in-patients cases. Positive cultures were more frequent among patients with over two weeks duration of burn wounds. Early excision and skin grafting of deep burns and adherence to infection control measures can help to effectively reduce the burden of these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saaiq
- Correspondence Author: Muhammad Saaiq, MD, MBBS, FCPS, Assistant Professor of Department of Plastic surgery and Burns, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University (SZABMU), Apartment N4, Karakorum Enclave 2, F11/1 Sector, Near F-11 Markaz, Islamabad, Pakistan, Tel: +923415105173, E-mail:
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Ashab Yamin MR, Mozafari N, Mozafari M, Razi Z. Reconstructive surgery of extensive face and neck burn scars using tissue expanders. World J Plast Surg 2015; 4:40-9. [PMID: 25606476 PMCID: PMC4298864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck reconstruction is considered as one of the most important surgeries in cosmetic and reconstructive surgery. The present study aimed to assess the results of reconstructive surgery of extensive face and neck burning scars using tissue expanders. METHODS This descriptive prospective study was conducted on 36 patients with extensive burning scars on the neck and face. Operation for tissue expander insertion was performed and tissue distension started two or three weeks later, depending on the patients' incisions. After sufficient time for tissue expansion, while removing the expander and excision of the lesion, the expanded flap was used to cover the lesion. Overall, 43 cosmetic surgeries were done. RESULTS Rectangular expanders were employed in most patients (73.81%) and were located in the neck in most of them (60.78%). Complications were detected in five patients (13.89%), with exposure of the prosthesis being the most common one. Scar tissues at the reconstruction site and the flap donor site were acceptable in 94.44% and 98.18% of the cases, respectively. Overall, most of the patients (77.78%) were satisfied with the operation results. CONCLUSION Using tissue expanders in tissue reconstruction of extensive neck and facial burning scars results in highly desirable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Ashab Yamin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Naser Mozafari
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 15 Khordad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;,Correspondence Author: N Mozafari, MD, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 15 Khordad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Mohadase Mozafari
- Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Razi
- Department of Medical Physics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Akbari H, Fatemi MJ, Iranpour M, Khodarahmi A, Baghaee M, Pedram MS, Saleh S, Araghi S. The healing effect of nettle extract on second degree burn wounds. World J Plast Surg 2015; 4:23-8. [PMID: 25606473 PMCID: PMC4298861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies were carried out to develop more sophisticated dressings to expedite healing processes and diminish the bacterial burden in burn wounds. This study assessed the healing effect of nettle extract on second degree burns wound in rats in comparison with silver sulfadiazine and vaseline. METHODS Forty rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups. A deep second-degree burn was created on the back of each rat using a standard burning procedure. The burns were dressed daily with nettle extract in group 1, silver sulfadiazine in group 2, vaseline in group 3 and without any medication in group 4 as control group. The response to treatment was assessed by digital photography during the treatment until day 42. Histological scoring was undertaken for scar tissue samples on days 10 and 42. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was observed in group 1 compared with other groups regarding 4 scoring parameters after 10 days. A statistically significant difference was seen for fibrosis parameter after 42 days. In terms of difference of wound surface area, maximal healing was noticed at the same time in nettle group and minimal repair in the control group. CONCLUSION Our findings showed maximal rate of healing in the nettle group. So it may be a suitable substitute for silver sulfadiazine and vaseline when available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Akbari
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Fatemi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Research Center, Hazrat Fatima Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Iranpour
- Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran;,Correspondence Author: Ali Khodarahmi, MD; Assistant Professor of Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, Tel: +98-34-33222212, Fax: +98-34-32449135,
| | - Ali Khodarahmi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Baghaee
- Department of Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Sepehr Pedram
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Saleh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Araghi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ardabili FM, Purhajari S, Najafi Ghezeljeh T, Haghani H. The effect of shiatsu massage on pain reduction in burn patients. World J Plast Surg 2014; 3:115-8. [PMID: 25489534 PMCID: PMC4236994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn is a tragedy that follows multiple problems in a patient including pain, anxiety and lack of confidence into medical team. This study evaluated the effect of shiatsu massage on pain intensity of burn patients. METHODS A total of 120 burn patients from Motahhari Burn Hospital and of both genders were randomly divided into 4 groups of undergoing hand massage, leg massage, both hand and leg massages, and the control group. The effect of shiatsu massage in pain relief of burned patients was evaluated. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess pain in burn patients. RESULTS Pain intensity in the control group before and after the intervention was not statistically significant (p=1). In all massage groups, the difference for pain intensity before and after the intervention was statistically significant. CONCLUSION According to our data, shiatsu method over both hands and legs were effective in pain reduction and can be recommended together with analgesics to decrease the dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohaddes Ardabili
- Faculty Member in Medical Surgical Group, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soybeh Purhajari
- MSc Student of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;,Correspondence Author: Soybeh Purhajari, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98-441-3673279, E-mail:
| | - Tahereh Najafi Ghezeljeh
- PhD Assistant Professor, Medical- Surgical Group, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Haghani
- Department of Statistic and Mathematics, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tanideh N, Rokhsari P, Mehrabani D, Mohammadi Samani S, Sabet Sarvestani F, Ashraf MJ, Koohi Hosseinabadi O, Shamsian S, Ahmadi N. The Healing Effect of Licorice on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infected Burn Wounds in Experimental Rat Model. World J Plast Surg 2014; 3:99-106. [PMID: 25489532 PMCID: PMC4236996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burn is still one of the most devastating injuries in emergency medicine while improvements in wound healing knowledge and technology have resulted into development of new dressings. This study was undertaken to evaluate the healing effect of licorice in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected burn wounds of experimental rat model. METHODS One hundred and twenty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to 4 equal groups. Group A received silver sulfadiazine ointment, Group B received 10% licorice extract and Group C was considered as control group and received gel base as the base of medication. Group D did not receive any medication and just underwent burn injury. A standard 3rd degree burn wound was produced by a hot plate with similar size about 20% of total body surface area (TBSA) and at identical temperature. After 24 h of burn production, 10(8) colony forming units (CFU) of toxigenic strains of P. aeruginosa (PA 103) were inoculated subcutaneously into the burnt area. After 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of therapy, the animals were sacrificed and burn areas were macroscopically examined and histologically evaluated. RESULTS Decrease in size of the burn wounds, in inflammation and re-epithelialization were poor in groups B-D. Infection to P. aeruginosa was still visible in groups B-D but was absent in Group A. The mean histological score, tensile strength, maximum stress, yield strength and stiffness in groups B-D were lower compared with Group A. CONCLUSION Licorice extract in 10% concentration was shown not to be effective in healing of P. aeruginosa infected burn wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tanideh
- Shiraz Burn Research Center, Pharmacology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pedram Rokhsari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soleiman Mohammadi Samani
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Saaiq M, Ashraf B. Epidemiology and outcome of self-inflicted burns at pakistan institute of medical sciences, islamabad. World J Plast Surg 2014; 3:107-14. [PMID: 25489533 PMCID: PMC4236991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-inflicted burn injuries carry considerable mortality and morbidity among otherwise fit young individuals. This study assessed the epidemiologic pattern and outcome of these injuries in a burn care facility in Pakistan. METHODS The study was carried out at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Burn Care Centre in Islamabad over a period of 2 years. It included all adult patients of either gender, aged over 14 years who presented as cases of burn suicides and attempted burn suicides during the study period. Convenience sampling technique was employed. The sociodemographic profile of the patients, motives underlying the act of self-immolation, any underlying psychiatric illness, alcohol abuse, total body surface area (TBSA) burnt, depth of burn injury, associated inhalation injury, duration of hospital stay, and mortality were all recorded. RESULTS Seventy five patients (80.64%) were female while 18 patients (19.35%) were male. The overall mean age was 26.89±6.1 years (range=15-52 years). The affected TBSA ranged from 15%-100% with an overall mean of 69.30±25.42%. The hospital stay ranged from 1-37 days with a mean of 7.16±6.60 days. Marital conflicts constituted the most frequent motive underlying the suicidal attempts (n=57; 61.29%) followed by failed love affairs (n=9; 9.67%). There was an overall mortality of 84.95%. The most common sufferers of self inflicted burn injuries were young, married, illiterate housewives who were resident of rural area. Getting marriage was the most common triggering cause for such injuries. CONCLUSION There is need to institute appropriate preventive measures to address the issue in a national perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saaiq
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Care Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Ashraf
- MCH Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Akhoondinasab MR, Akhoondinasab M, Saberi M. Comparison of healing effect of aloe vera extract and silver sulfadiazine in burn injuries in experimental rat model. World J Plast Surg 2014; 3:29-34. [PMID: 25489521 PMCID: PMC4236981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wound healing is widely discussed in the medical literature. This study compared the healing effect of aloe vera extract and silver sulfadiazine in burn injuries in experimental rat model. METHODS Sixteen rats were randomly assigned to one of two groups, each group 8 rats. A deep second-degree burn on the lower back and 3(rd) degree burn on upper back of each rat were created with a standard burning procedure. Burns were dressed daily with aloe vera extract in group 2 and silver sulfadiazine in group 1. Response to treatment was assessed by digital photography during treatment until day 32. Histological parameters (PMN, epithelialization, fibrosis and angiogenesis) were assessed after biopsy of scar at the end of research. RESULTS Wound healing was more visible in aloe vera group. Also the speed of healing in aloe vera group was better than silver sulfadiazine group. CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, aloe vera can be a therapy of choice for burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Akhoondinasab
- Faculty of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;,Correspondence Author: Mohammad Reza Akhoondinasab, MD; Faculty of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Research Center, Motahhari Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, E-mail:
| | | | - Mohsen Saberi
- Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tanom A, Farajnia S, Najar Peerayeh S, Majidi J. Cloning, expression and characterization of recombinant exotoxin A-flagellin fusion protein as a new vaccine candidate against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2013; 17:1-7. [PMID: 23279828 PMCID: PMC3600974 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.22.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Revised: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients who suffer from impaired immune responses and chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis. At present, aggressive antibiotic therapy is the only choice for management of P. aeruginosa infections, but emergence of highly resistant strains necessitated the development of novel alternative therapeutics including an effective vaccine. Several P. aeruginosa antigens have been tested for vaccine development, including lipopolysaccharide alone, polysaccharides alginate, extracellular proteins, exotoxin A (exo A) and killed whole cell. However, none of them are currently available clinically. METHODS In this research, recombinant exoA-flagellin (fliC) fusion protein as a cocktail antigen was expressed and purified and its antigenic characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS Expression of recombinant fusion protein by E. coli using pET22b vector resulted in production of exoA-fliC fusion protein in high concentration. Based on Western-blotting results, recombinant fusion protein showed a good antigenic interaction with sera from patients with various P. aeruginosa infections. CONCLUSION These results suggested that recombinant exoA-fliC fusion protein can be produced in the laboratory, and tested as a candidate vaccine in P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Tanom
- Dept. of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran;
| | - Safar Farajnia
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz;
| | - Shahin Najar Peerayeh
- Dept. of Bacteriology Faculty of Medical sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran;
| | - Jafar Majidi
- Dept. of Immunology and Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Hurley MN, Cámara M, Smyth AR. Novel approaches to the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 2012; 40:1014-23. [PMID: 22743672 PMCID: PMC3461346 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00042012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronically infects patients with cystic fibrosis and is associated with greater morbidity. There has been limited progress on the clinical development of new antibiotics with novel modes of action. This review addresses some of the latest research developments on the exploitation of candidate adjuvant therapeutic agents that may act alongside conventional antibiotics as an alternative therapeutic strategy. After considering key mechanisms this opportunistic pathogen employs to control virulence, the progress of various strategies including the inhibition of quorum sensing, efflux pumps and lectins, and the use of iron chelators, bacteriophages, immunisation and immunotherapy is reviewed. Both therapeutic approaches in early development and clinical phase are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Hurley
- Dept of Child Health, University of Nottingham, E Floor, East Block, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UHUK.
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