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Abd El-Aziz YM, Hendam BM, Al-Salmi FA, Qahl SH, Althubaiti EH, Elsaid FG, Shati AA, Hosny NM, Fayad E, Abu Almaaty AH. Ameliorative Effect of Pomegranate Peel Extract (PPE) on Hepatotoxicity Prompted by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (Fe 2O 3-NPs) in Mice. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3074. [PMID: 36080111 PMCID: PMC9457799 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An evaluation of the ameliorative effect of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) in counteracting the toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-NPs) that cause hepatic tissue damage is focused on herein. Forty male albino mice were haphazardly grouped into four groups as follows: the first control group was orally gavage daily with physiological saline; the second group received 100 mg/kg of PPE by the oral route day after day; the third group received 30 mg/kg Fe2O3-NPs orally; and the fourth group received both PPE and Fe2O3-NPs by the oral route, the same as the second and third sets. Later, after the completion of the experiment, we collected the liver, blood, and bone marrow of bone specimens that were obtained for further laboratory tests. For instance, exposure to Fe2O3-NPs significantly altered serum antioxidant biomarkers by decreasing the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), and glutathione s-transferase (GST). Additionally, it caused changes in the morphology of hepatocytes, hepatic sinusoids, and inflammatory Kupffer cells. Furthermore, they significantly elevated the number of chromosomal aberrations including gaps, breaks, deletions, fragments, polyploidies, and ring chromosomes. Moreover, they caused a significant overexpression of TIMP-1, TNF-α, and BAX mRNA levels. Finally, the use of PPE alleviates the toxicity of Fe2O3-NPs that were induced in the hepatic tissues of mice. It is concluded that PPE extract has mitigative roles against the damage induced by Fe2O3-NPs, as it serves as an antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent. The use of PPE as a modulator of Fe2O3-NPs' hepatotoxicity could be considered as a pioneering method in the use of phytochemicals against the toxicity of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin M. Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Basma M. Hendam
- Department of Husbandry & Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Gomhoria St., Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Fawziah A. Al-Salmi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safa H. Qahl
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman H. Althubaiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahmy G. Elsaid
- Biology Department, Science College, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ali A. Shati
- Biology Department, Science College, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M. Hosny
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H. Abu Almaaty
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
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Habib SA, Abdelrahman RS, Abdel Rahim M, Suddek GM. Anti-apoptotic effect of vinpocetine on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: The role of Annexin-V, Caspase-3, and Bax. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22555. [PMID: 32578916 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic damage is one of the most common complications related to cisplatin (Cis) use. Recently, liver protection lines are being discovered to avoid hepatic cell death as a result of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic disturbance. Limited data reported the hepatoprotective effect of vinpocetine (Vin) in acute liver injury models. This study was designed to determine the potential protective effect of Vin (10-30 mg/kg, orally) against Cis-induced liver injury (10 mg/kg, IP) in mice. Vin administration for 1 week before Cis injection until the end of the experiment. On the 6th day after Cis injection, mice were anesthetized, blood and tissue samples were collected. Hepatic function, histological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic markers were investigated. Vin administration ameliorated liver injury as indicated by decreased liver injury parameters; serum aminotransferases, ALK-P, GGT, and bilirubin, restored the anti-oxidant status by decrease MDA and NOx , and increased GSH and SOD, inhibited inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α, NFκB-p65, and iNOS) and apoptosis (Annexin-V, Bax, and Caspase-3) parameters. Vin confers dose-dependent protection against Cis-induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective effect of Vin involved anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Abdel Rahim
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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3
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Lebeaupin C, Blanc M, Vallée D, Keller H, Bailly-Maitre B. BAX inhibitor-1: between stress and survival. FEBS J 2020; 287:1722-1736. [PMID: 31841271 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular gatekeepers are essential to maintain order within a cell and anticipate signals of stress to promote survival. BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX) inhibitor-1 (BI-1), also named transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing-6, is a highly conserved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein. Originally identified as an inhibitor of BAX-induced apoptosis, its pro-survival properties have been expanded to include functions targeted against ER stress, calcium imbalance, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and metabolic dysregulation. Nevertheless, the structural biology and biochemical mechanism of action of BI-1 are still under debate. BI-1 has been implicated in several diseases, including chronic liver disease, diabetes, ischemia/reperfusion injury, neurodegeneration, and cancer. While most studies have demonstrated a beneficial role for BI-1 in the ubiquitous maintenance of cellular homeostasis, its expression in cancer cells seems most often to contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here, we summarize what is known about BI-1 and encourage future studies on BI-1's contribution to cellular life and death decisions to advocate its potential as a target for drug development and other therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Lebeaupin
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marina Blanc
- INSERM U1065, C3M, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | | | - Harald Keller
- INRA1355-CNRS7254, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France
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Liu J, Zhang S, Dai W, Xie C, Li JC. A Comprehensive Prognostic and Immune Analysis of SLC41A3 in Pan-Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:586414. [PMID: 33520701 PMCID: PMC7841432 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.586414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SLC41A3, as a member of the 41st family of solute carriers, participates in the transport of magnesium. The role of SLC41A3 in cancer prognosis and immune regulation has rarely been reported. This study was designed to analyze the expression status and prognostic significance of SLC41A3 in pan-cancers. The mRNA expression profiles of SLC41A3 were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), the Broad Institute Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). The Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to evaluate the prognostic value of SLC41A3 in pan-cancer. Furthermore, the correlation between SLC41A3 expression and immune cells infiltration, immune checkpoint, mismatch repair (MMR), DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) were calculated using data form TCGA database. The results showed that the expression of SLC41A3 was down-regulated in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and was associated with poor overall survival and tumor-specific mortality. Whereas, the expression of SLC41A3 was up-regulated in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), and the results of Cox regression analysis revealed that SLC41A3 was an independent factor for LIHC prognosis. Meanwhile, a nomogram including SLC41A3 and stage was built and exhibited good predictive power for the overall survival of LIHC patients. Additionally, correlation analysis suggested a significant correlation between SLC41A3 and TMB, MSI, MMR, DNMT, and immune cells infiltration in various cancers. The overall survival and disease-specific survival analysis revealed that the combined SLC41A3 expression and immune cell score, TMB, and MSI were significantly associated with clinical outcomes in ACC, LIHC, and UVM patients. Therefore, we proposed that SLC41A3 may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Shanqiang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Wenjie Dai
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Chongwei Xie
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Li
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, China
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ji-Cheng Li,
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Xie S, Wang Y, Wei W, Li C, Liu Y, Qu J, Meng Q, Lin Y, Yin W, Yang Y, Luo C. The Bax inhibitor UvBI-1, a negative regulator of mycelial growth and conidiation, mediates stress response and is critical for pathogenicity of the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens. Curr Genet 2019; 65:1185-1197. [PMID: 30993412 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-00970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1), an evolutionarily conserved protein, is a suppressor of cell death induced by the proapoptotic protein Bax and is involved in the response to biotic and abiotic stress in animals, plants and yeast. Rice false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens is one of the destructive rice diseases worldwide. Although BI-1 proteins are widely distributed across filamentous fungi, few of them are functionally characterized. In this study, we identified a BI-1 protein in U. virens, UvBI-1, which contains a predicted Bax inhibitor-1-like family domain and could suppress the cell death induced by Bax. By co-transformation of the CRISPR/Cas9 construct along with donor DNA fragment containing the hygromycin resistance gene, we successfully generated Uvbi-1 deletion mutants. The UvBI-1 deletion showed an increase in mycelia vegetative growth and conidiation, suggesting this gene acts as a negative regulator of the growth and conidiation. In addition, the Uvbi-1 mutants exhibited higher sensitivity to osmotic and salt stress, hydrogen peroxide stress, and cell wall or membrane stress than the wild-type strain. Furthermore, UvBI-1 deletion was found to cause increased production of secondary metabolites and loss of pathogenicity of U. virens. Taken together, our results demonstrate that UvBI-1 plays a negative role in mycelial growth and conidiation, and is critical for stress tolerance, cell wall integrity, secondary metabolites production and pathogenicity of U. virens. Therefore, this study provides new evidence on the conserved function of BI-1 among fungal organisms and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xie
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yufu Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinsong Qu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qianghong Meng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Weixiao Yin
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yinong Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Chaoxi Luo
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology and the Key Lab of Crop Disease Monitoring and Safety Control in Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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6
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TMBIM protein family: ancestral regulators of cell death. Oncogene 2014; 34:269-80. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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B L, R.K Y, G.S J, H.-R K, H.-J C. The characteristics of Bax inhibitor-1 and its related diseases. Curr Mol Med 2014; 14:603-15. [PMID: 24894176 PMCID: PMC4083451 DOI: 10.2174/1566524014666140603101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) is an evolutionarily-conserved endoplasmic reticulum protein. The expression of BI-1 in mammalian cells suppresses apoptosis induced by Bax, a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family. BI-1 has been shown to be associated with calcium (Ca(2+)) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cytosolic acidification, and autophagy as well as endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways. According to both in vitro and clinical studies, BI-1 promotes the characteristics of cancers. In other diseases, BI-1 has also been shown to regulate insulin resistance, adipocyte differentiation, hepatic dysfunction and depression. However, the roles of BI-1 in these disease conditions are not fully consistent among studies. Until now, the molecular mechanisms of BI-1 have not directly explained with regard to how these conditions can be regulated. Therefore, this review investigates the physiological role of BI-1 through molecular mechanism studies and its application in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li B
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-181, Republic of Korea
| | - Yadav R.K
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-181, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong G.S
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-181, Republic of Korea
| | - Kim H.-R
- Department of Dental Pharmacology and Wonkwang Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae H.-J
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-181, Republic of Korea
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8
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Du ZQ, Lan JF, Weng YD, Zhao XF, Wang JX. BAX inhibitor-1 silencing suppresses white spot syndrome virus replication in red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:46-53. [PMID: 23583724 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.03.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BAX inhibitor-1 (BI-1) was originally described as an anti-apoptotic protein in both animal and plant cells. BI-1 overexpression suppresses ER stress-induced apoptosis in animal cells. Inhibition of BI-1 activity could induce the cell death in mammals and plants. However, the function of BI-1 in crustacean immunity was unclear. In this paper, the full-length cDNA of a BI-1 protein in red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (PcBI-1) was cloned and its expression profiles in normal and infected crayfish were analyzed. The results showed that PcBI-1 was expressed in hemocytes, heart, hepatopancreas, gills, stomach, and intestines of the crayfish and was upregulated after challenged with Vibrio anguillarum and with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). To determine the function of PcBI-1 in the innate immunity of the crayfish, the RNA interference against PcBI-1 was performed and the results indicated the hemocyte programmed cell death rate was increased significantly and WSSV replication was declined after PcBI-1 knocked down. Altogether, PcBI-1 plays an anti-apoptotic role, wherein high PcBI-1 expression suppresses programmed cell death, which is beneficial for WSSW replication in crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Du
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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9
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Cardin R, Piciocchi M, Martines D, Scribano L, Petracco M, Farinati F. Effects of coffee consumption in chronic hepatitis C: a randomized controlled trial. Dig Liver Dis 2013; 45:499-504. [PMID: 23238034 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee is associated with a reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic C hepatitis. This prospective trial was aimed at assessing the mechanisms underlying coffee-related protective effects. METHODS Forty patients with chronic hepatitis C were randomized into two groups: the first consumed 4 cups of coffee/day for 30 days, while the second remained coffee "abstinent". At day 30, the groups were switched over for a second month. RESULTS At baseline, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were lower in patients drinking 3-5 (Group B) than 0-2 cups/day (Group A) (56 ± 6 vs 74 ± 11/60 ± 3 vs 73 ± 7 U/L p=0.05/p=0.04, respectively). HCV-RNA levels were significantly higher in Group B [(6.2 ± 1.5) × 10(5)vs (3.9 ± 1.0) × 10(5)UI/mL, p=0.05]. During coffee intake, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and collagen levels were significantly lower than during abstinence (15 ± 3 vs 44 ± 16 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine/10(5)deoxyguanosine, p=0.05 and 56 ± 9 vs 86 ± 21 ng/mL, p=0.04). Telomere length was significantly higher in patients during coffee intake (0.68 ± 0.06 vs 0.48 ± 0.04 Arbitrary Units, p=0.006). Telomere length and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine were inversely correlated. CONCLUSION In chronic hepatitis C coffee consumption induces a reduction in oxidative damage, correlated with increased telomere length and apoptosis, with lower collagen synthesis, factors that probably mediate the protection exerted by coffee with respect to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romilda Cardin
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, Section of Gastroenterology, Padua University, Padua, Italy
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Kuwahata M, Kubota H, Kanouchi H, Ito S, Ogawa A, Kobayashi Y, Kido Y. Supplementation with branched-chain amino acids attenuates hepatic apoptosis in rats with chronic liver disease. Nutr Res 2012; 32:522-9. [PMID: 22901560 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) can function as pharmacologic nutrients for patients with decompensated cirrhosis. However, the effects of BCAA at the early stage of chronic liver disease are not clear. We hypothesized that early BCAA supplementation would attenuate the progression of chronic liver disease. The present study examined the effects of BCAA supplementation on the progression of chronic liver disease in rats caused by injected carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄). Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a casein diet (control group) or the same diet supplemented with BCAA (BCAA group) for 11 weeks, and all rats were repeatedly injected with CCl₄. Food intake did not significantly differ between control and BCAA groups during the experimental period. Plasma alanine aminotransferase activities gradually increased during the experimental period in both groups but peaked later in the BCAA group. Liver fibrosis was more evident in the control group. Levels of connective tissue growth factor messenger RNA were significantly lower in the livers of rats in the BCAA group than in the control group. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick end labeling assays found considerably more hepatic apoptosis in the control group. Liver cytosolic cytochrome c levels and expression of the proapoptotic Bax protein in the mitochondrial fraction were significantly lower in the BCAA group than in the control group. These results suggest that supplementation with BCAA delays the progression of chronic liver disease caused by CCl₄ in rats by attenuating hepatic apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kuwahata
- Department of Nutrition Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Shimogamo-hangi-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan.
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11
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Luo WS, Jin YL, Ou SY, Qin H, Sun XR. Effect of total flavone of Litchi chinensis Sonn on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in hepatic fibrosis in rats. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:1602-1608. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i18.1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the effect of total flavone of Litchi chinensis Sonn (TFL) on liver cell apoptosis in rats with hepatic fibrosis and to explore possible mechanisms involved.
METHODS: Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group, colchicine group, model group, low- and high-dose TFL groups. Hepatic fibrosis was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of dimethylnitrosamine. The TFL groups were intragastrically administered with different doses of TFL for 6 wk, while the blank control group and colchicine group were given normal saline and colchicine, respectively. After treatment, liver samples were taken to examine the degree of liver fibrosis by HE and Masson staining and to detect Bcl-2 and Bax expression by immunohistochemistry. Serum ALT and AST levels were also measured.
RESULTS: The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (both P = 0.000). The expression of Bcl-2 was higher and that of Bax was lower in the TFL groups and colchicine group than in the model group (Bcl-2: P = 0.000, 0.047, 0.021; Bax: P = 0.000, 0.014, 0.007), and in the high-dose TFL group than in the low-dose TFL group (P = 0.018, 0.002). Bcl-2 and Bax expression showed no significant difference between the low-dose TFL group and colchicine group (P = 0.726, 0.767). The severity of liver fibrosis was positively correlated with Bax expression (P = 0.000) but negatively with Bcl-2 expression (P = 0.000). Serum levels of ALT and AST were significantly lower in the blank control group, TFL groups and colchicine group than in the model group (all P = 0.000), but showed no significant difference between the low-dose TFL group and colchicine group (P = 0.597, 0.669).
CONCLUSION: TFL can resist hepatic fibrosis and improve liver function possibly by up-regulating Bcl-2 expression and down-regulating Bax expression to inhibit liver cell apoptosis.
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Cardin R, Romilda C, Piciocchi M, Marika P, Sinigaglia A, Alessandro S, Lavezzo E, Enrico L, Bortolami M, Marina B, Kotsafti A, Andromachi K, Cillo U, Umberto C, Zanus G, Giacomo Z, Mescoli C, Claudia M, Rugge M, Massimo R, Farinati F, Fabio F. Oxidative DNA damage correlates with cell immortalization and mir-92 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2012. [PMID: 22587342 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs expression has been extensively studied in hepatocellular carcinoma but little is known regarding the relationship, if any, with inflammation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), host's repair mechanisms and cell immortalization. This study aimed at assessing the extent of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine - 8-OHdG) in different phases of the carcinogenetic process, in relation to DNA repair gene polymorphism, telomeric dysfunction and to the expression of several microRNAs, non-coding genes involved in post-transcriptional regulation, cell proliferation, differentiation and death. METHODS Tissue samples obtained either at surgery, [neoplastic (HCC) and adjacent non-cancerous cirrhotic tissues (NCCT)] at percutaneous or laparoscopic biopsy (patients with HCV or HBV-related hepatitis or patients undergoing cholecystectomy) were analysed for 8-OHdG (HPLC-ED), OGG1 (a DNA repair gene) polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), telomerase activity, telomere length (T/S, by RT-PCR), Taqman microRNA assay and Bad/Bax mRNA (RT-PCR). Fifty-eight samples from 29 HCC patients (obtained in both neoplastic and peritumoral tissues), 22 from chronic hepatitis (CH) and 10 controls (cholecystectomy patients - CON) were examined. RESULTS Eight-OHdG levels were significantly higher in HCC and NCCT than in CH and CON (p=0.001). Telomerase activity was significantly higher in HCC than in the remaining subgroups (p=0.002); conversely T/S was significantly lower in HCC (p=0.05). MiR-199a-b, -195, -122, -92a and -145 were down-regulated in the majority of HCCs while miR-222 was up-regulated. A positive correlation was observed among 8-OHdG levels, disease stage, telomerase activity, OGG1 polymorphisms and ALT/GGT levels. In HCC, miR-92 expression correlated positively with telomerase activity, 8-OHdG levels and Bad/Bax mRNA. CONCLUSIONS The above findings confirm the accumulation, in the progression of chronic liver damage to HCC, of a ROS-mediated oxidative DNA damage, and suggest that this correlates with induction of telomerase activity and, as a novel finding, with over-expression of miR-92, a microRNA that plays a role in both the apoptotic process and in cellular proliferation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cardin Romilda
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Section of Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, Padova 35128, Italy
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Cardin R, Romilda C, Piciocchi M, Marika P, Sinigaglia A, Alessandro S, Lavezzo E, Enrico L, Bortolami M, Marina B, Kotsafti A, Andromachi K, Cillo U, Umberto C, Zanus G, Giacomo Z, Mescoli C, Claudia M, Rugge M, Massimo R, Farinati F, Fabio F. Oxidative DNA damage correlates with cell immortalization and mir-92 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:177. [PMID: 22587342 PMCID: PMC3420318 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs expression has been extensively studied in hepatocellular carcinoma but little is known regarding the relationship, if any, with inflammation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), host's repair mechanisms and cell immortalization. This study aimed at assessing the extent of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine - 8-OHdG) in different phases of the carcinogenetic process, in relation to DNA repair gene polymorphism, telomeric dysfunction and to the expression of several microRNAs, non-coding genes involved in post-transcriptional regulation, cell proliferation, differentiation and death. METHODS Tissue samples obtained either at surgery, [neoplastic (HCC) and adjacent non-cancerous cirrhotic tissues (NCCT)] at percutaneous or laparoscopic biopsy (patients with HCV or HBV-related hepatitis or patients undergoing cholecystectomy) were analysed for 8-OHdG (HPLC-ED), OGG1 (a DNA repair gene) polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), telomerase activity, telomere length (T/S, by RT-PCR), Taqman microRNA assay and Bad/Bax mRNA (RT-PCR). Fifty-eight samples from 29 HCC patients (obtained in both neoplastic and peritumoral tissues), 22 from chronic hepatitis (CH) and 10 controls (cholecystectomy patients - CON) were examined. RESULTS Eight-OHdG levels were significantly higher in HCC and NCCT than in CH and CON (p=0.001). Telomerase activity was significantly higher in HCC than in the remaining subgroups (p=0.002); conversely T/S was significantly lower in HCC (p=0.05). MiR-199a-b, -195, -122, -92a and -145 were down-regulated in the majority of HCCs while miR-222 was up-regulated. A positive correlation was observed among 8-OHdG levels, disease stage, telomerase activity, OGG1 polymorphisms and ALT/GGT levels. In HCC, miR-92 expression correlated positively with telomerase activity, 8-OHdG levels and Bad/Bax mRNA. CONCLUSIONS The above findings confirm the accumulation, in the progression of chronic liver damage to HCC, of a ROS-mediated oxidative DNA damage, and suggest that this correlates with induction of telomerase activity and, as a novel finding, with over-expression of miR-92, a microRNA that plays a role in both the apoptotic process and in cellular proliferation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cardin Romilda
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Section of Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, Padova 35128, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin B. Dickman
- Borlaug Advanced Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Paul de Figueiredo
- Borlaug Advanced Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Pathogenesis, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Cebulski J, Malouin J, Pinches N, Cascio V, Austriaco N. Yeast Bax inhibitor, Bxi1p, is an ER-localized protein that links the unfolded protein response and programmed cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20882. [PMID: 21673967 PMCID: PMC3108976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) is an anti-apoptotic gene whose expression is upregulated in a wide range of human cancers. Studies in both mammalian and plant cells suggest that the BI-1 protein resides in the endoplasmic reticulum and is involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR) that is triggered by ER stress. It is thought to act via a mechanism involving altered calcium dynamics. In this paper, we provide evidence that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein encoded by the open reading frame, YNL305C, is a bona fide homolog for BI-1. First, we confirm that yeast cells from two different strain backgrounds lacking YNL305C, which we have renamed BXI1, are more sensitive to heat-shock induced cell death than wildtype controls even though they have indistinguishable growth rates at 30°C. They are also more susceptible both to ethanol-induced and to glucose-induced programmed cell death. Significantly, we show that Bxi1p-GFP colocalizes with the ER localized protein Sec63p-RFP. We have also discovered that Δbxi1 cells are not only more sensitive to drugs that induce ER stress, but also have a decreased unfolded protein response as measured with a UPRE-lacZ reporter. Finally, we have discovered that deleting BXI1 diminishes the calcium signaling response in response to the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER as measured by a calcineurin-dependent CDRE-lacZ reporter. In toto, our data suggests that the Bxi1p, like its metazoan homologs, is an ER-localized protein that links the unfolded protein response and programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cebulski
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Joshua Malouin
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Nathan Pinches
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Vincent Cascio
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Nicanor Austriaco
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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