1
|
Abouelazayem M, Jain R, Wilson MSJ, Martinino A, Balasubaramaniam V, Biffl W, Coccolini F, Riera M, Wadhawan H, Wazir I, Abderaouf B, Abramov D, Abu Jayyab MA, Al-Shami K, Alfarwan A, Alhajami FM, Alkaseek A, Alozairi O, Ammar AS, Atar B, Baatarjav GE, Bains L, Bakri A, Bayramov N, Bhojwani R, Brachini G, Calini G, Campanelli M, Cheng SY, Choudhary CS, Chowdhury S, Colak E, Das JK, Dawani S, Dönmez T, Elzayat I, Erdene S, Faizi TQ, Frountzas M, Gafsi B, Gentileschi P, Guler M, Gupta G, Harkati NE, Harris M, Hasan DM, Irowa OO, Jafferi S, Jain SA, Jun Han L, Kandiboyina SM, Karabulut M, Khamees A, Khan S, Khan MM, Khaw CJ, Kisielewski M, Klib M, Košir JA, Krawczyk WJ, Lisi G, Makama JG, Maqbool B, Marques CN, Meric S, Mietła MP, Ads AM, Muhumuza J, Mulita F, Mustafayeva M, Omar MA, Omarov T, Pathak AA, Paul R, Pavone G, Podda M, Raja Ram NK, Rauf F, Rauf S, Safy AM, Sandag E, Şanlı AN, Siddiqui AZ, Sotiropoulou M, Talib V, Tatar C, Thota A, Tokocin M, Tolat A, Uchikov PA, Valenzuela JI, Venkatappa SK, Verras GI, Vlahović I, Zreeg DAS, Cardoso VR, Gkoutos GV, Singhal R, Mahawar K. Global 30-day morbidity and mortality of surgery for perforated peptic ulcer: GRACE study. Surg Endosc 2024:10.1007/s00464-024-10881-0. [PMID: 38886232 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-10881-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little international data on morbidity and mortality of surgery for perforated peptic ulcer (PPU). This study aimed to understand the global 30-day morbidity and mortality of patients undergoing surgery for PPU and to identify variables associated with these. METHOD We performed an international study of adults (≥ 18 years) who underwent surgery for PPU from 1st January 2022 to 30th June 2022. Patients who were treated conservatively or had an underlying gastric cancer were excluded. Patients were divided into subgroups according to age (≤ 50 and > 50 years) and time from onset of symptoms to hospital presentation (≤ 24 and > 24 h). Univariate and Multivariate analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with higher 30-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS 1874 patients from 159 centres across 52 countries were included. 78.3% (n = 1467) of the patients were males and the median (IQR) age was 49 years (25). Thirty-day morbidity and mortality were 48.5% (n = 910) and 9.3% (n = 174) respectively. Median (IQR) hospital stay was 7 (5) days. Open surgery was performed in 80% (n = 1505) of the cohort. Age > 50 years [(OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.4-2), (OR = 4.7, 95% CI 3.1-7.6)], female gender [(OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.3), (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.9)], shock on admission [(OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.7-2.7), (OR = 4.8, 95% CI 3.2-7.1)], and acute kidney injury [(OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.9-3.2), (OR = 3.9), 95% CI 2.7-5.6)] were associated with both 30-day morbidity and mortality. Delayed presentation was associated with 30-day morbidity [OR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.6], but not mortality. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that surgery for PPU was associated with high 30-day morbidity and mortality rate. Age, female gender, and signs of shock at presentation were associated with both 30-day morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abouelazayem
- Department of Surgery, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
- Department of Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
- , General Surgery, University College Hospital, UCLH Contact Centre, Ground Floor North, 250 Euston Road, London, NW1 2PG, UK.
| | - Rajesh Jain
- Shrewsbury & Telford Hospital NHS Trust, Shrewsbury, UK
| | | | | | | | - Walter Biffl
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Scripps Memorial Hospital, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Federico Coccolini
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Himanshu Wadhawan
- Department of General Surgery, Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Larbert, UK
| | | | | | - Daniil Abramov
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Burak Atar
- Bakırköy Training and Research Hostpital, Bakirkoy, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gioia Brachini
- Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Calini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Campanelli
- San Carlo of Nancy Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Turgut Dönmez
- Bakırköy Training and Research Hospital, Bakirkoy, Turkey
| | | | - Sarnai Erdene
- Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | - Maximos Frountzas
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Besma Gafsi
- Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Paolo Gentileschi
- San Carlo of Nancy Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mert Guler
- Istanbul Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Salman Jafferi
- Jinnah Postgraduate and Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shahzeb Khan
- MTI Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wiktor Jan Krawczyk
- Clinical Department of General, Colorectal and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Giorgio Lisi
- Department of Surgery, Sant'Eugenio Hospital, Viale Dell'Umanesimo 10, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Serhat Meric
- Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mateusz Przemysław Mietła
- Clinical Department of General, Colorectal and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Matanat Mustafayeva
- Scientific Center of Surgery After Named M.A.Topchubashov, Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan
| | - Mohammed A Omar
- General Surgery Department, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | - Mauro Podda
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Cagliari University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Fatima Rauf
- Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Rauf
- Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Safy
- General Surgery Department, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Erdene Sandag
- Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | | | | | | | - Vikash Talib
- Jinnah Postgraduate and Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Cihad Tatar
- Istanbul Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Anuroop Thota
- NRI Medical College, General & Superspeciality Hospital, Chinakakani, India
| | - Merve Tokocin
- Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ivan Vlahović
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Victor Roth Cardoso
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Health Data Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Georgios V Gkoutos
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Health Data Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rishi Singhal
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kamal Mahawar
- South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Muralidhar V, Ajmal IT, Anand P, Rino RV. Choledocho-gastric fistula due to chronic peptic ulcer with gastric outlet obstruction and pneumobilia. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e259395. [PMID: 38383119 PMCID: PMC10882302 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-259395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Venkiteswaran Muralidhar
- General Surgery, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kanchipuram, India
- Bioinfromatics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Imran Tariq Ajmal
- General Surgery, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kanchipuram, India
| | - Priyanka Anand
- General Surgery, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kanchipuram, India
| | - Roshan V Rino
- General Surgery, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kanchipuram, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dahiya DS, Mandoorah S, Gangwani MK, Ali H, Merza N, Aziz M, Singh A, Perisetti A, Garg R, Cheng CI, Dutta P, Inamdar S, Sanaka MR, Al-Haddad M. A Comparative Analysis of Bleeding Peptic Ulcers in Hospitalizations With and Without End-Stage Renal Disease. Gastroenterology Res 2023; 16:17-24. [PMID: 36895703 PMCID: PMC9990529 DOI: 10.14740/gr1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are highly susceptible to peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). We aimed to assess the influence of ESRD status on PUB hospitalizations in the United States (USA). Methods We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample to identify all adult PUB hospitalizations in the USA from 2007 to 2014, which were divided into two subgroups based on the presence or absence of ESRD. Hospitalization characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared. Furthermore, predictors of inpatient mortality for PUB hospitalizations with ESRD were identified. Results Between 2007 and 2014, there were 351,965 PUB hospitalizations with ESRD compared to 2,037,037 non-ESRD PUB hospitalizations. PUB ESRD hospitalizations had a higher mean age (71.6 vs. 63.6 years, P < 0.001), and proportion of ethnic minorities i.e., Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians compared to the non-ESRD cohort. We also noted higher all-cause inpatient mortality (5.4% vs. 2.6%, P < 0.001), rates of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) (20.7% vs. 19.1%, P < 0.001), and mean length of stay (LOS) (8.2 vs. 6 days, P < 0.001) for PUB ESRD hospitalizations compared to the non-ESRD cohort. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, Whites with ESRD had higher odds of mortality from PUB compared to Blacks. Furthermore, the odds of inpatient mortality from PUB decreased by 0.6% for every 1-year increase in age for hospitalizations with ESRD. Compared to the 2011 - 2014 study period, the 2007 - 2010 period had 43.7% higher odds (odds ratio (OR): 0.696, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.645 - 0.751) of inpatient mortality for PUB hospitalizations with ESRD. Conclusions PUB hospitalizations with ESRD had higher inpatient mortality, EGD utilization, and mean LOS compared to non-ESRD PUB hospitalizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant Singh Dahiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, MI, USA.,These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Sohaib Mandoorah
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, MI, USA.,These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Manesh Kumar Gangwani
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Hassam Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Nooraldin Merza
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Muhammad Aziz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Amandeep Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Abhilash Perisetti
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Rajat Garg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chin-I Cheng
- Department of Statistics, Actuarial and Data Science, Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Priyata Dutta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Trinity Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sumant Inamdar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Madhusudhan R Sanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mohammad Al-Haddad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tulinský L, Sengul I, Ihnát P, Mitták M, Toman D, Pelikán A, Martínek L, Sengul D. Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the management of acute peptic ulcer perforation: to be reconsidered(?). REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:175-180. [PMID: 36629661 PMCID: PMC9937615 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20221243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peptic ulcer perforation presents the most serious complication of ulcer disease with mortality that varies significantly depending on the age and conditions. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was effective worldwide in 2020 and continues to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the initial clinical parameters and short-term outcomes of patients with acute peptic ulcer perforation before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic. The patients undergoing surgical modality of a simple suture of peptic ulcer perforation with/without omentoplasty in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021) and the pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019) had been incorporated in this study. RESULTS This study included a total of 46 cases (26 in the pre-coronavirus disease 2019, 20 in the post-coronavirus disease 2019). The age, body mass index, Boey score, duration of symptoms, surgery time, and length of hospital stay were comparable in both study subgroups. During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, patients were admitted with a statistically significantly lower degree of perioperative risk according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (p=0.013). Notably, 30-day postoperative morbidity was significantly higher in pre-coronavirus disease 2019 (73.1 vs. 55.0%, p=0.038). The mortality rate in the laparoscopic group was 13.6%, in the laparotomy group 41.4%, and the mortality rate was higher in pre-coronavirus disease 2019 than in post-coronavirus disease 2019 (34.6 vs. 20.0%, p=0.166). CONCLUSION In fact, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic had not significantly influenced therapeutic management and short-term outcomes of patients undergoing acute surgical repair of peptic ulcer perforation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lubomír Tulinský
- Ostravská Univerzita, Department of General Surgery – Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Ostravská Univerzita, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Studies – Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Ilker Sengul
- Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Endocrine Surgery – Giresun, Turkey.,Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery – Giresun, Turkey
| | - Peter Ihnát
- Ostravská Univerzita, Department of General Surgery – Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Ostravská Univerzita, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Studies – Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Mitták
- Ostravská Univerzita, Department of General Surgery – Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Ostravská Univerzita, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Studies – Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Toman
- Ostravská Univerzita, Department of General Surgery – Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Ostravská Univerzita, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Studies – Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Anton Pelikán
- Ostravská Univerzita, Department of General Surgery – Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Ostravská Univerzita, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Studies – Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně, Faculty of Humanities – Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Martínek
- Ostravská Univerzita, Department of General Surgery – Ostrava, Czech Republic.,Ostravská Univerzita, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Studies – Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Demet Sengul
- Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology – Giresun, Turkey.,Corresponding author:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gan M, Zong L, Yu X, Xu J. The effect of prophylactic antibiotics in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients in the emergency department. World J Emerg Med 2023; 14:442-447. [PMID: 37969213 PMCID: PMC10632749 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, prophylactic antibiotics are recommended only for cirrhotic patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB); however, the benefit for other AUGIB patients remains undetermined. We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between patients with AUGIB with and without prophylactic antibiotics to identify the population that requires this therapy. METHODS Patients with AUGIB admitted between 1st January 2019 and 31st December 2021 in the Emergency Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were enrolled. Patients were divided into the antibiotic and non-antibiotic groups. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcome was the onset of new infection. The risk factors for mortality and infection were analyzed, and stratification analysis of prophylactic antibiotics was performed. Continuous data were analyzed using the t-test or nonparametric rank sum test, and categorical data were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Indicators with significant differences between the groups were included for logistic regression analysis. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 392 individuals were included, among them, 281 patients received prophylactic antibiotics, and 111 patients did not receive prophylactic antibiotics. The mortality rates were significantly lower in the antibiotic group than in the non-antibiotics group (6.41% vs. 17.12%, P=0.001). The risk factors for infection were varicose veins (P=0.045) and endotracheal intubation (P=0.005) in the prophylactic antibiotic group, and endoscopic treatment (P=0.010) in the non-prophylactic antibiotic group. Stratified analyses showed that patients with age ≥ 65 years, endotracheal intubation, endoscopic treatment, and AUGIB of variceal etiologies benefited from prophylactic antibiotics. CONCLUSION AUGIB patients may benefit from prophylactic antibiotics to decrease mortality, especially those aged ≥ 65 years and those with endotracheal intubation, endoscopic treatment, and variceal etiologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Gan
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Liang Zong
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xuezhong Yu
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Muacevic A, Adler JR. Laparoscopic Repair Modality of Perforated Peptic Ulcer: Less Is More? Cureus 2022; 14:e30926. [PMID: 36337818 PMCID: PMC9621601 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Perforation, per se, presents the most serious complication of peptic ulcer disease with a mortality rate that cannot be underestimated. Surgery is the only treatment option, which can be performed laparoscopically or via conventional laparotomy. The present study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of laparoscopy and laparotomy techniques in the surgical treatment of peptic ulcer perforation. A retrospective study design was structured to compare the perioperative and short-term postoperative outcomes of 102 patients who had undergone laparoscopic and conventional repair of the perforated peptic ulcer over a six-year interval (January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021). Of these, 44 (43.1%) had undergone laparoscopic repair while 58 (56.9%) had surgical repair via conventional laparotomy. The operative time and length of hospital stay were comparable in both subgroups (p=0.984 and p =0.585). Nevertheless, 30-day postoperative morbidity was significantly higher in the open surgery subgroup (75.9% vs. 59.1%, p= 0.032). The risk of relaparotomy was similar in both study subgroups; however, suture dehiscence as a reason for surgical revision was significantly more frequent in the laparoscopic subgroup (13.6% vs 3.4%). Of note, the mortality rate in the laparoscopic group of patients was 13.6%, and in the laparotomy group 41.4%. The laparoscopic approach to peptic ulcer perforation is the procedure of choice for low-risk patients. Conventional surgery seems to be associated with a significantly higher incidence of severe postoperative complications and mortality. However, the higher mortality in these patients is probably related to their worse initial clinical condition.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mohamedahmed AYY, Albendary M, Patel K, Ayeni AA, Zaman S, Zaman O, Ibrahim R, Mobarak D. Comparison of Omental Patch Closure Versus Simple Closure for Laparoscopic Repair of Perforated Peptic Ulcer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am Surg 2022:31348211067991. [PMID: 35332800 DOI: 10.1177/00031348211067991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate comparative outcomes of laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcer with omental patch versus without omental patch. METHODS A systematic search of multiple electronic data sources was conducted, and all studies comparing laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) with and without omental patch were included. Operative time, postoperative complications, re-operation and mortality were the evaluated outcome parameters for the meta-analysis. Revman 5.3 was used for data analysis. RESULTS Four observational studies reporting a total number of 438 patients who underwent laparoscopic repair of PPU with (n = 268) or without (n = 170) omental patch were included. Operative time was significantly shorter in no-omental patch group (NOP) when compared to omental patch group (P = .02). There was no significant difference in the risk of postoperative ileus (Odd ratio (OR) .76, P = .61), leakage (OR 1.17, P = .80), wound infection (OR 1.89, P = .34), intra-abdominal abscess (OR 1.17, P = .87), re-operation (OR .00, P = .94) and mortality (OR .55, P = .48). Moreover, length of hospital stay was comparable between the two groups (P = .81). CONCLUSION Laparoscopic repair of PPU with or without omental patch have comparable postoperative complications and mortality rate. However, considering the shorter operative time, no-omental patch approach is an attractive and more favourable choice. Well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate this comparison.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Albendary
- General surgery department, 1731Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospital NHS trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kamlesh Patel
- General surgery department, 1731Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospital NHS trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Shafquat Zaman
- General surgery department, 1731Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospital NHS trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Osama Zaman
- General surgery department, 1731Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospital NHS trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rashid Ibrahim
- General surgery department, 6634University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - Dham Mobarak
- General surgery department, 7714Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chan KS, Wang YL, Chan XW, Shelat VG. Outcomes of omental patch repair in large or giant perforated peptic ulcer are comparable to gastrectomy. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2021; 47:1745-1752. [PMID: 31612272 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-019-01237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) complicates 2 to 10% of patients with peptic ulcer disease and has mortality risk of up to 20%. Omental patch repair is the mainstay of surgical management and gastric resectional procedures are advocated for a large/giant ulcer or suspected malignancy. Emergency gastrectomy is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of omental patch repair with gastrectomy in patients with large PPU (≥ 20 mm). METHODS A retrospective review of all PPU patients who underwent surgery from January 2008 to December 2014 was done. Patients with PPU < 20 mm were excluded. Patient demographics and perioperative data were recorded. Length of hospital stay, post-operative complications, need for intensive care unit admission and all-cause mortality are reported. RESULTS 110 patients with a median age of 69.1 (range 28-90) years had PPU ≥ 20 mm. 42 (38.2%) patients presented within 24 h from the onset of abdominal pain. The median American Society of Anaesthesiology score was 3 (range 1-4). 52 patients had omental patch repair and 58 patients had gastrectomy. The overall incidence of intra-abdominal collection, post-operative leakage, re-operation and all-cause mortality was 16.4%, 11.8%, 6.4% and 19.1%, respectively. No difference in post-operative outcomes between the two groups was detected: intra-abdominal collection (p = 0.793), post-operative leakage (p = 0.813), re-operation (p = 0.809) and all-cause mortality (p = 0.736). CONCLUSION Omental patch repair confers similar perioperative outcomes as compared to gastrectomy in patients with large PPU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Siang Chan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Liang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Xue Wei Chan
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Vishal G Shelat
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yawar B, Marzouk AM, Ali H, Ghorab TM, Asim A, Bahli Z, Abousamra M, Diab A, Abdulrahman H, Asim AE, Fleville S. Seasonal Variation of Presentation of Perforated Peptic Ulcer Disease: An Overview of Patient Demographics, Management and Outcomes. Cureus 2021; 13:e19618. [PMID: 34804752 PMCID: PMC8597679 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Perforated peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is one of the most common causes of acute peritonitis. It carries significant mortality and morbidity. Several previous studies have reported a seasonal variation in the presentation of patients with perforated ulcers. Here we present this study from our experience in a Northern Irish acute district hospital. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on perforated peptic ulcer patients who presented to Altnagelvin Area Hospital emergency department between 2015 to 2020. Data on patient demographics, clinical presentation, investigations, management and outcomes were collected. Primary outcome was to investigate if seasonality was associated with the incidence of perforated peptic ulcers. Follow-up data were also collected. Seasons were defined as per UK Met Office. Results A total of 50 patients presented with perforated PUD. Male to female ratio was approximately 3:2. Peaks were noted in spring and winter. April was the most common month for presentation followed by December. Smoking was the most common risk factor followed by alcohol abuse. Fourteen patients (28%) were either very frail or had contained perforations and were conservatively managed. Three deaths were noted (6%). Thirteen patients (26%) required ICU admission at some stage in their management. Conclusion Slight seasonal variation was noted in the presentation of perforated peptic ulcers in our study with a higher incidence in the winter and spring months. The month of April was noted to have the peak incidence of the disease in our study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bakhat Yawar
- General Surgery, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Ahmed M Marzouk
- General Surgery, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Heba Ali
- Radiology, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Tamer M Ghorab
- Radiology, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Ayeisha Asim
- Geriatrics, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Zahid Bahli
- General Surgery, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Mohammad Abousamra
- General Surgery, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Alsarah Diab
- General Surgery, The Northern Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Antrim Area Hospital), Antrim, GBR
| | - Hassan Abdulrahman
- General Surgery, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Asim E Asim
- General Surgery, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| | - Samara Fleville
- General Surgery, The Western Trust Health & Social Care Jobs in Northern Ireland (HSCNI) (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Derry/Londonderry, GBR
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Comparing the Performance of the ABC, AIMS65, GBS, and pRS Scores in Predicting 90-day Mortality Or Rebleeding Among Emergency Department Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Prospective Multicenter Study. J Transl Int Med 2021; 9:114-122. [PMID: 34497750 PMCID: PMC8386323 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2021-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common problem that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to compare the performance of the ABC score (ABC), the AIMS65 score (AIMS65), the Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS), and the pre-endoscopic Rockall score (pRS) in predicting 90-day mortality or rebleeding among patients with acute UGIB. Methods This was a prospective multicenter study conducted at 20 tertiary hospitals in China. Data were collected between June 30, 2020 and February 10, 2021. An area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis was used to compare the performance of the four scores in predicting 90-day mortality or rebleeding. Results Among the 1072 patients included during the study period, the overall 90-day mortality rate was 10.91% (117/1072) and the rebleeding rate was 12.03% (129/1072). In predicting 90-day mortality, the ABC and pRS scores performed better with an AUC of 0.722 (95% CI 0.675-0.768; P<0.001) and 0.711 (95% CI 0.663-0.757; P<0.001), respectively, compared to the AIMS-65 (AUC, 0.672; 95% CI, 0.624-0.721; P<0.001) and GBS (AUC, 0.624; 95% CI, 0.569-0.679; P<0.001) scores. In predicting rebleeding in 90 days, the AUC of all scores did not exceed 0.70. Conclusion In patients with acute UGIB, ABC and pRS performed better than AIMS-65 and GBS in predicting 90-day mortality. The performance of each score is not satisfactory in predicting rebleeding, however. Newer predictive models are needed to predict rebleeding after UGIB.
Collapse
|
11
|
A simulation study of high-flow versus normal-flow three-way stopcock for rapid fluid administration in emergency situations: A randomised crossover design. Aust Crit Care 2021; 35:66-71. [PMID: 33926788 DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initial fluid resuscitation is presumed to be important for treating shock in the resuscitation phase. However, little is known how quickly and easily a physician could perform a rapid infusion with a syringe. OBJECTIVES We hypothesised that using a high-flow three-way stopcock (HTS) makes initial fluid resuscitation faster and easier than using a normal-flow three-way stopcock (NTS). METHODS This was a simulation study with a prospective, nonblinded randomised crossover design. Twenty physicians were randomly assigned into two groups. Each participant used six peripheral intravenous infusion circuits, three with the HTS and the others with the NTS, and three cannulae, 22, 20, and 18 gauge (G). The first group started with the HTS first, while the other started with the NTS first. They were asked to inject the fluid as quick as possible. We compared the time until the participants finished rapid infusions of 500 ml of 0.9% saline and the practitioner's effort. RESULTS In infusion circuits attached with the 22G cannula, the mean difference using the HTS and the NTS (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 16.30 ml/min (7.65-24.94) (p < 0.01). In those attached with the 20G cannula, the mean difference (95% CI) was 23.47 (12.43-34.51) (p < 0.01). In those attached with the 18G cannula, the mean difference (95% CI) was 42.53 (28.68-56.38) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the push-and-pull technique using the HTS was faster, easier, and less tiresome than using the NTS, with a statistically significant difference. In the resuscitation phase, initial and faster infusion is important. If only a single physician or other staff member such as a nurse is attending or does not have accessibility to any other devices in such an environment where medical resources are scarce, performing the push-and-pull technique using the HTS could help a physician to perform fluid resuscitation faster. By setting up the HTS instead of the NTS from the beginning, we would be able to begin fluid resuscitation immediately while preparing other devices.
Collapse
|
12
|
Yadav RS, Bargujar P, Pahadiya HR, Yadav RK, Upadhyay J, Gupta A, Lakhotia M. Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Hexagenerians or Older (≥60 Years) Versus Younger (<60 Years) Patients: Clinico-Endoscopic Profile and Outcome. Cureus 2021; 13:e13521. [PMID: 33786228 PMCID: PMC7994108 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Acute upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding is one of the serious and potentially life-threatening medical emergencies, causing significant mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the clinico-endoscopic profile and outcome among patients aged <60 years who presented for UGI bleeding compared to those aged ≥60 years. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted among 194 patients who presented with symptoms or signs of UGI bleed. All patients were divided into two groups, group A (age <60 years), and group B (age ≥60 years). UGI endoscopy was performed using Olympus N19 Endoscope. Rockall scoring (RS) system and Glasgow Blatchford score (GBS) were used to predict the prognosis and re-bleeding. Results Of the total, group A included 150 (77.31%) patients and group B 44 (22.69%) patients. The most common presentation was hematemesis and melena in both groups, whilst isolated hematochezia was more common in group A (6.67%, vs. 2.27%, p>0.05). The main cause of bleeding was a variceal bleed in both groups, but it was significantly higher in group A patients (p<0.05). Elderly patients had a significantly higher number of peptic ulcer and malignancy-related bleed (p<0.05). Group A patients had a significantly higher proportion of patients with tachycardia (45.33%, vs. 27.27%, p<0.05), shock (43.33% vs. 13.63%, p<0.05), pallor (76.66% vs. 56.81%, p<0.05), and blood transfusion requirement (64% vs. 45.45%, p<0.05) as compared to group B. Thirty days re-bleeding and mortality rate were similar in both the groups. RS in both groups was 5.02±2.12 vs. 5.98±1.91, p>0.05. GBS was 11.65±4.61 vs. 10.68±4.65, p>0.05. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with RS ≥6 and GBS ≥10. Conclusion This study concluded variceal bleeding as a predominant cause of UGI bleed in both age groups, and it was significantly higher in younger. Interestingly, younger patients were more hemodynamically unstable, probably due to the presence of more severe anemia, shock, and hematochezia. The presence of multiple co-morbidities in both the group kept the 30 days mortality and re-bleed rates similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajpal S Yadav
- Internal Medicine, Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur, IND
| | - Payal Bargujar
- Pediatrics, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, IND
| | | | - Rahul K Yadav
- Medicine, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, IND
| | | | - Alok Gupta
- Internal Medicine, Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur, IND
| | - Manoj Lakhotia
- Internal Medicine, Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur, IND
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Olufajo OA, Wilson A, Yehayes B, Zeineddin A, Cornwell EE, Williams M. Trends in the Surgical Management and Outcomes of Complicated Peptic Ulcer Disease. Am Surg 2020; 86:856-864. [PMID: 32916073 DOI: 10.1177/0003134820939929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older data indicate that less patients undergo surgery for complicated peptic ulcer disease (PUD). We evaluated contemporary trends in the surgical management and outcomes of patients with complicated PUD. METHODS The National Inpatient Sample (2005-2014) was queried for patients with complicated PUD (hemorrhage, perforation, or obstruction). Trend analyses were used to evaluate changes in management and outcomes. RESULTS There were 1 570 696 admissions for complicated PUD during the study period. Majority (87.0%) presented with hemorrhage, 10.6% presented with perforation, and 2.4% had an obstruction. The average age was 67 years. Overall, admissions with complicated PUD decreased from 180 054 in 2005 to 150 335 in 2014. The proportion of patients managed operatively decreased from 2.5% to 1.9% in the hemorrhage group, 75.0% to 67.4% in the perforation group, and 26.0% to 20.2% in the obstruction group (all P-trend < .05). Overall, among patients managed operatively, the use of acid-reducing procedures decreased from 25.9% to 13.9%, mortality decreased from 11.9% to 9.4% (both P-trend < .001), while complications remained stable (10.4% to 10.3%, P-trend = .830). CONCLUSIONS There are fewer admissions with complicated PUD and more patients are treated nonoperatively. Despite subtle improvements, significant proportions of patients still die from complicated PUD indicating the need for improved preoperative optimization and postoperative care among these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olubode A Olufajo
- 8369 Department of Surgery, Clive O. Callender Howard-Harvard Health Sciences Outcomes Research Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amanda Wilson
- 8369 Department of Surgery, Clive O. Callender Howard-Harvard Health Sciences Outcomes Research Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bruke Yehayes
- 8369 Department of Surgery, Clive O. Callender Howard-Harvard Health Sciences Outcomes Research Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ahmad Zeineddin
- 8369 Department of Surgery, Clive O. Callender Howard-Harvard Health Sciences Outcomes Research Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Edward E Cornwell
- 8369 Department of Surgery, Clive O. Callender Howard-Harvard Health Sciences Outcomes Research Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mallory Williams
- 8369 Department of Surgery, Clive O. Callender Howard-Harvard Health Sciences Outcomes Research Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Daily Usage of Proton Pump Inhibitors May Reduce the Severity of Critical Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Elderly Patients. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2020; 2020:7168621. [PMID: 32831828 PMCID: PMC7428971 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7168621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We retrospectively examined the relationship between daily proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and severity of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), mainly in the elderly. Methods We included 97 patients with nonvariceal UGIB diagnosed at our hospital from January 2012 to October 2017. Bleeding severity was assessed using the shock index (SI) and estimated bleeding volume; 49 patients met the criterion for the mild group and 48 for the moderate/severe group. The effect of PPI use on bleeding severity was compared between the groups. The relationships of PPI use and dose with the clinical symptoms of UGIB were also analyzed. Results Among the 97 patients, 17 (17.5%) habitually used PPIs. The rate of habitual PPI use was significantly higher in the mild group, indicating as an independent factor contributing to a reduction in the severity of UGIB in a multiple logistic regression analysis (30.6% vs. 4.2%; OR 10.147; 95% CI 2.174–47.358, P < 0.01). When analyzing data for a subgroup of patients older than 75 years, we found the protective PPI effect to be even higher in the mild UGIB group than in the moderate/severe group (37.0% vs. 5.6%; OR 10.000; 95% CI 1.150–86.951, P < 0.05). Conversely, we found no association between PPI prescription and UGIB symptoms in patients younger than 75 years. The mean estimated bleeding volume and SI in the 17 habitual PPI users were both significantly less than those among the 80 nonhabitual users, respectively (P < 0.05). The proportion of patients with mild UGIB was similar between the low- and high-dose PPI users. Conclusions Particularly in elderly patients with nonvariceal UGIB, habitual PPI use can alleviate the clinical symptoms of UGIB by suppressing the volume of bleeding, regardless of the adapted dose of PPIs.
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Kanno T, Moayyedi P. Proton Pump Inhibitors in the Elderly, Balancing Risk and Benefit: an Age-Old Problem. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2019; 21:65. [PMID: 31807948 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-019-0732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most prescribed drugs in the developed world and elderly patients are particularly likely to be prescribed acid suppression. There have been reports of many diseases being associated with PPI therapy and the elderly would be particular at risk of any harms these drugs may cause. This review therefore reviews the evidence of the risks and benefits of these drugs. RECENT FINDINGS PPIs are very effective at treating acid-related disorders. Recent randomized trials have suggested that the associations between PPI and various diseases are likely to be related to bias and residual confounding and these drugs appear to be safe apart from a possible increase risk of enteric infections. PPIs should be used at the lowest dose and for the shortest duration possible. They are still relatively safe drugs but should only be prescribed for proven indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kanno
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Paul Moayyedi
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3Z5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kwan JR, Lim M, Ng F, Shelat V. Fungal Isolates in Peritoneal Fluid Culture Do Not Impact Peri-Operative Outcomes of Peptic Ulcer Perforation. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2019; 20:619-624. [PMID: 31099700 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2019.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Fungal isolates from peritoneal fluid sampling in patients with perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is not uncommon and its management unclear. This study aims to evaluate whether the presence of fungus in peritoneal fluid cultures is a predictor of morbidity and mortality after laparotomy for PPU. Method: This is a single-center retrospective study including adult patients with perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers over a 10-year period (January 2004 to January 2014). Evaluation of predictors contributing to fungal growth was conducted using multiple logistic regression analysis. Operative factors and 30-day mortality and morbidity outcomes were compared against fungal growth using a multivariable generalized linear mixed model analysis. Results: The median age was 58 (interquartile range [IQR] 44-70) years with 110 (20.3%) females. In addition to hypertension and hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus (13.5%), ischemic heart disease (2.6%), and heart failure (2.4%) were common. Fungus was cultured from peritoneal fluid in 209 (38.6%) patients. Median American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score was 2 (IQR 2-3) and median Mannheim peritonitis index (MPI) score was 15 (IQR 10-20). Free air was detected in 323 (59.6%) patients and 52 (9.6%) patients had gastrectomy. Median length of stay was 7 (IQR 6-11) days. All-cause complications were seen in 53 (9.8%) patients, of whom 37 patients (6.8%) developed intra-abdominal collection, 20 patients (3.7%) had anastomotic leakage, and 12 patients (2.2%) required repeat operation. Thirty-day mortality was seen in 47 (8.7%) patients. Multivariable analysis showed age (median age, 64; IQR 53-74) as a predictor of fungal growth (p < 0.001) but fungal growth not a predictor of adverse peri-operative outcomes. Conclusion: Fungal isolates in peritoneal fluid cultures are more likely to occur in older patients who have PPU. Presence of fungal isolates does not impact peri-operative outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Rui Kwan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melvin Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Felicia Ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vishal Shelat
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Thirty-Day Readmissions After Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A National Perspective in the United States. J Clin Gastroenterol 2019; 53:582-590. [PMID: 29561353 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) and lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage (LGIH) are 2 of the most common reasons for hospital admissions across the United States. The 30-day readmission after index admission poses a major burden on the health care infrastructure, and thus, it is important to assess the causes of 30-day readmission for patients with UGIH and LGIH. METHODS The study cohort was derived from the 2013 National Readmission Database. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) Volume 3 diagnosis codes were utilized to identify UGIH and LGIH patients from this data set. Patients who were readmitted to the hospital within 30 days within the same calendar year were further analyzed. Categorical variables and continuous variables were assessed by the χ test and the student t test, respectively. The independent predictors of unplanned 30-day readmissions were recognized by multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for stratified cluster design of National Readmission Database. SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) was used for data analysis. RESULTS The number of index admissions identified from the National Readmission Data 2013 were 82,290 for UGIH and 133,114 for LGIH. All-cause 30-day readmission rate for UGIH versus LGIH was 14.6% (readmitted N=12,046; 56.64% age 65 y and above) versus 14.4% (readmitted N=19,128; 70.21% age 65 y and above and 49.61% men). Gastrointestinal causes were most common (33.9% vs. 39.6%), followed by cardiac (13.3% vs. 15.3%), infectious (10.4% vs. 9.1%), and respiratory causes (7.8% vs. 7.1%) for 30-day readmission for UGIH and LGIH. Significant predictors of increased 30-day readmission (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, P-value) included metastatic disease (2.15, 1.75-2.64, P<0.001), discharge against medical advice (1.85, 1.55-2.22, P<0.001), and length of stay >3 days (1.50, 1.38-1.63, P<0.001). Predictors for 30-day readmission for LGIH included metastatic disease (1.75, 1.48-2.06, P<0.001), liver disease (1.59, 1.49-1.71, P<0.001), and drug abuse (1.38, 1.21-1.58, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Most common reason for UGIH and LGIH readmission was related to gastrointestinal disease, followed by cardiac, infectious, and respiratory etiologies. By addressing these etiologies for readmission, it may be possible to reduce adverse outcomes.
Collapse
|
19
|
Wellington J, Canakis A, Kim R. Endoscopic closure devices: A review of technique and application for hemostasis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL INTERVENTION 2019. [DOI: 10.18528/ijgii190012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Wellington
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Canakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raymond Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gu L, Xu F, Yuan J. Comparison of AIMS65, Glasgow-Blatchford and Rockall scoring approaches in predicting the risk of in-hospital death among emergency hospitalized patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective observational study in Nanjing, China. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:98. [PMID: 29954332 PMCID: PMC6022417 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to compare the performance of AIMS65, Glasgow-Blatchford (GBS) and Rockall scores (RS) in predicting the death risk among emergency-hospitalized patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in regional China. METHODS A retrospective study was implemented between January 2014 and December 2015. Eligible participants were those who were hospitalized with UGIB. The outcome variable was in-hospital death, while explanatory variables were AIMS65, GBS and RS scores. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated to assess the association of AIMS65, GBS and RS with death risk using multivariate logistic regression models. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of three scoring systems were computed to compare their predictive power. RESULTS Among 799 UGIB participants, 674 were non-variceal bleeding (NVUGIB) and 125 variceal bleeding (VUGIB) patients. AIMS65 (OR = 14.72, 95% CI = 6.48, 33.43) and RS (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.20, 2.13) were positively associated with the risk of in-hospital death. Moreover, AIMS65 (AUC = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84, 0.98) performed the best in predicting in-hospital death, followed by RS (AUC = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.72, 0.86) and GBS (AUC = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.59, 0.83) among overall UGIB participants. AIMS65 was also the best indicator to predict in-hospital death among either NVUGIB participants (AUC = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80, 0.98) or VUGIB participants (AUC = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.89, 1.00). CONCLUSIONS AIMS65, GBS and RS scoring approaches were all acceptable for predicting in-hospital death among UGIB patients irrespective of the subtype of UGIB in China. The AIMS65 might be the most powerful predictor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006 China
| | - Fei Xu
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
- The School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68, Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006 China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kaplan A, Schwarzfuchs D, Zeldetz V, Liu J. Acute Myocardial Infarction with Simultaneous Gastric Perforation. Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2018; 1:179-182. [PMID: 29849297 PMCID: PMC5965164 DOI: 10.5811/cpcem.2017.2.33433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction and perforated peptic ulcer disease with associated peritonitis are both medical emergencies requiring urgent intervention. This patient presented with both emergencies simultaneously. Current literature is devoid of guidance as to which should be addressed initially. A multidisciplinary discussion was conducted leading to a unanimous decision for initiating percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). After successful PCI, the patient was immediately taken to the operating room for laparoscopic repair of the perforated viscous. Subsequent to the operative repair, the patient became hemodynamically unstable and a repeat electrocardiogram demonstrated complete right coronary occlusion. Shock ensued and the patient died in the intensive care unit despite this plan of care. It is our opinion that this case reveals the need for expert panels to devise decision algorithms for concomitant presentations of life-threatening diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alon Kaplan
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Soroka University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Dan Schwarzfuchs
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Soroka University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Vladimir Zeldetz
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Soroka University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jing Liu
- Kern Medical, Department of Emergency Medicine, Bakersfield, CA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy W Cannon
- From the Division of Traumatology, Surgical Critical Care, and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and the F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hut A, Tatar C, Yıldırım D, Dönmez T, Ünal A, Kocakuşak A, Akıncı M. Is it possible to reduce the surgical mortality and morbidity of peptic ulcer perforations? Turk J Surg 2017; 33:267-273. [PMID: 29260131 DOI: 10.5152/turkjsurg.2017.3670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective Peptic ulcer perforation is a life-threatening situation requiring urgent surgical treatment. A novel vision in peptic ulcer perforation is necessary to fill the gaps created by antiulcer medication, aging of the patients, and presentation of resistant cases in our era. In this study, we aimed to share our findings regarding the effects of various risk factors and operative techniques on the mortality and morbidity of patients with peptic ulcer perforation. Material and Methods Data from 112 patients presenting at our Training and Research Hospital Emergency Surgery Department between January 2010 and December 2015 who were diagnosed with PUP through physical examination and laboratory and radiological tests and operated at the hospital have been retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups based on morbidity (Group 1), mortality (Group 2), and no complication (Group 3). Results Of the 112 patients included in the study, morbidity was observed in 21 (18.8%), mortality in 11 (9.8%), and no complication was observed in 80 (71.4%), who were discharged with cure. The differences between group for the average values of the perforation diameter and American Society of Anesthesiologists, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, and Mannheim Peritonitis Index scores were statistically significant (p<0.001 for each). The average values for the group with mortality were significantly higher than those of the other groups. Conclusion In this study where we investigated risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality in PUPs, there was statistically significant difference between the average values for age, body mass index, perforation diameter, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Mannheim Peritonitis Index scores among the three groups, whereas the amount of subdiaphragmatic free air did not differ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Hut
- Department of General Surgery, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihad Tatar
- Department of General Surgery, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Doğan Yıldırım
- Department of General Surgery, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgut Dönmez
- Department of General Surgery, Lütfiye Nuri Burat State Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Akın Ünal
- Department of General Surgery, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Kocakuşak
- Department of General Surgery, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Akıncı
- Department of General Surgery, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
González-González JA, Monreal-Robles R, García-Compean D, Paz-Delgadillo J, Wah-Suárez M, Maldonado-Garza HJ. Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly people: Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors. J Dig Dis 2017; 18:212-221. [PMID: 28205386 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics, outcomes and prognostic factors in elderly patients (aged 75 years and elder) with acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). METHODS Consecutive patients admitted with acute nonvariceal UGIB who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were prospectively recruited and subdivided into two age-based groups, elderly (aged ≥75 years) and younger patients (<75 years). The patients' characteristics and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS Altogether 1136 patients were included in the study, 276 (24.3%) aged ≥75 years. Peptic ulcers, gastroduodenal erosions and esophagitis represented the three most common endoscopic lesions found in 87.7% of the elderly patients compared with 80.8% in younger patients ( P = 0.008). Overall, the rebleeding rate (4.0% vs 3.3%, P = 0.568), need for blood transfusion (66.3% vs 61.0%, P = 0.122), surgery rate (1.2% vs 1.4%, P = 0.947) and in-hospital mortality (13.0% vs 10.0%, P = 0.157) were not different between the two groups. In elderly patients, serum albumin was the only predictive variable independently associated with mortality in the overall analysis (OR 5.867, 95% CI 2.206-15.604, P < 0.001) and in the subgroup patients with peptic ulcers (OR 5.230, 95% CI 2.099-13.029, P = 0.001). Elderly patients with serum albumin >23.5 g/L at admission presented a low mortality (negative predictive value 97.3%). CONCLUSIONS Clinical evolution and mortality do not differ between the elderly and younger patients with acute nonvariceal UGIB. Serum albumin level at admission is a prognostic marker for mortality in elder patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A González-González
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. José E. González University Hospital, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Roberto Monreal-Robles
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. José E. González University Hospital, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Diego García-Compean
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. José E. González University Hospital, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Paz-Delgadillo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. José E. González University Hospital, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Martín Wah-Suárez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. José E. González University Hospital, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Héctor J Maldonado-Garza
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dr. José E. González University Hospital, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dovjak P. [Duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers and Helicobacter pylori]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2017; 50:159-169. [PMID: 28150170 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-017-1190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mortality in elderly patients over the age of 80 years with peptic ulcers in the case of complications, such as bleeding and perforation is higher than in the general population. Duodenal ulcers are associated with Helicobacter pylori infections in 90% of cases and in 70% of gastric ulcers. The treatment of elderly patients is often difficult due to multimorbidity and polypharmacy and necessitates a geriatric approach. Ulcers are often caused by medication with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetylsalicylic acid. Despite the fact that progress in therapy has improved the prevalence and prognosis, the treatment of elderly patients with ulcers is complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Dovjak
- Abteilung für Akutgeriatrie und Remobilisation, Salzkammergut-Klinikum Gmunden, Miller-von- Aichholzstr. 49, 4810, Gmunden, Österreich.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mahajan P, Chandail VS. Etiological and Endoscopic Profile of Middle Aged and Elderly Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India: A Retrospective Analysis. J Midlife Health 2017; 8:137-141. [PMID: 28983161 PMCID: PMC5625578 DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_86_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common medical emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The clinical presentation depends on the amount and location of hemorrhage and the endoscopic profile varies according to different etiology. At present, there are limited epidemiological data on upper GI bleed and associated mortality from India, especially in the middle and elderly age group, which has a higher incidence and mortality from this disease. AIM This study aims to study the clinical and endoscopic profile of middle aged and elderly patients suffering from upper GI bleed to know the etiology of the disease and outcome of the intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS Out of a total of 1790 patients who presented to the hospital from May 2015 to August 2017 with upper GI bleed, and underwent upper GI endoscopy, data of 1270 patients, aged 40 years and above, was compiled and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS All the patients included in the study were above 40 years of age. Majority of the patients were males, with a male to female ratio of 1.6:1. The most common causes of upper GI bleed in these patients were portal hypertension-related (esophageal, gastric and duodenal varices, portal hypertensive gastropathy, and gastric antral vascular ectasia GAVE), seen in 53.62% of patients, followed by peptic ulcer disease (gastric and duodenal ulcers) seen in 17.56% of patients. Gastric erosions/gastritis accounted for 15.20%, and duodenal erosions were seen in 5.8% of upper GI bleeds. The in-hospital mortality rate in our study population was 5.83%. CONCLUSION The present study reported portal hypertension as the most common cause of upper GI bleeding, while the most common endoscopic lesions reported were esophageal varices, followed by gastric erosion/gastritis, and duodenal ulcer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gokakin AK, Atabey M, Koyuncu A, Topcu O. Peptic Ulcer Perforation in Elderly: 10 years' Experience of a Single Institution. INT J GERONTOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijge.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
28
|
Abstract
Regarding the complications of peptic ulcer, a perforation remains the most important fatal complication. The aim of our retrospective study was to determine relations between postoperative morbidity and comorbid disease or perioperative risk factors in perforated peptic ulcer. In total, 239 patients who underwent emergency surgery for perforated peptic ulcer in Ege University General Surgery Department, between June 1999 and May 2013 were included in this study. The clinical data concerning the patient characteristics, operative methods, and complications were collected retrospectively. One hundred seventy-five of the 239 patients were male (73.2%) and 64 were female (26.8%). Mean American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score was 1 in the patients without morbidity, but mean ASA score was 3 in the morbidity and mortality groups. Primary suture and omentoplasty was the selected procedure in 228 of the patients. Eleven patients underwent resection. In total, 105 patients (43.9%) had comorbidities. Thirty-seven patients (67.3%) in the morbidity group had comorbid diseases. Thirteen (92.9%) patients in the mortality group had comorbid diseases. Perforation as a complication of peptic ulcer disease still remains among the frequent indications of urgent abdominal surgery. Among the analyzed parameters, age, ASA score, and having comorbid disease were found to have an effect on both mortality and morbidity. The controversial subject in the present study is regarding the duration of symptoms. The duration of symptoms had no effect on mortality nor morbidity in our study.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Intraabdominal infections represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in the elderly population. Atypical presentations, diagnostic delays, additional comorbidities, and decreased physiologic reserve contribute to high morbidity and mortality, particularly among frail patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. While many infections are the result of age-related inflammatory, mechanical, or obstructive processes, infectious complications of feeding tubes are also common. The pillars of treatment are source control of the infection and judicious use of antibiotics. A patient-centered approach considering the invasiveness, risk, and efficacy of a procedure for achieving the desired outcomes is recommended. Structured communication and time-limited trials help ensure goal-concordant treatment.
Collapse
|
30
|
Shim YK, Kim N. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug and Aspirin-induced Peptic Ulcer Disease. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2016; 67:300-12. [DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2016.67.6.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Kwang Shim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Murata A, Mayumi T, Muramatsu K, Ohtani M, Matsuda S. Effect of dementia on outcomes of elderly patients with hemorrhagic peptic ulcer disease based on a national administrative database. Aging Clin Exp Res 2015; 27:717-25. [PMID: 25708828 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-015-0328-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little information is available on the effect of dementia on outcomes of elderly patients with hemorrhagic peptic ulcer disease at the population level. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the effect of dementia on outcomes of elderly patients with hemorrhagic peptic ulcer based on a national administrative database. METHODS A total of 14,569 elderly patients (≥80 years) who were treated by endoscopic hemostasis for hemorrhagic peptic ulcer were referred to 1073 hospitals between 2010 and 2012 in Japan. We collected patients' data from the administrative database to compare clinical and medical economic outcomes of elderly patients with hemorrhagic peptic ulcers. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of dementia: patients with dementia (n = 695) and those without dementia (n = 13,874). RESULTS There were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality within 30 days and overall mortality between the groups (odds ratio; OR 1.00, 95 % confidence interval; CI 0.68-1.46, p = 0.986 and OR 1.02, 95 % CI 0.74-1.41, p = 0.877). However, the length of stay (LOS) and medical costs during hospitalization were significantly higher in patients with dementia compared with those without dementia. The unstandardized coefficient for LOS was 3.12 days (95 % CI 1.58-4.67 days, p < 0.001), whereas that for medical costs was 1171.7 US dollars (95 % CI 533.8-1809.5 US dollars, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Length of stay and medical costs during hospitalization are significantly increased in elderly patients with dementia undergoing endoscopic hemostasis for hemorrhagic peptic ulcer disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiko Murata
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Mayumi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Occupational, Environmental and Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiji Muramatsu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohtani
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Shinya Matsuda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 807-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tang RSY, Wu JCY. Managing peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease in elderly Chinese patients--focus on esomeprazole. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:1433-43. [PMID: 24187492 PMCID: PMC3810197 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s41350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are not uncommon in elderly patients. Clinical presentations of these acid-related disorders may be atypical in the geriatric population. Older individuals are at increased risk for poor outcomes in complicated PUD and for development of GERD complications. Multiple risk factors (eg, Helicobacter pylori [HP], use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], aspirin) contribute to the development of PUD. Recent data has shown that HP-negative, NSAID-negative idiopathic peptic ulcers are on the rise and carry a higher risk of recurrent ulcer bleeding and mortality. Effective management of PUD in the geriatric population relies on identification and modification of treatable risk factors. Elderly patients with GERD often require long-term acid suppressive therapy. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) including esomeprazole are effective in the treatment of reflux esophagitis, maintenance of GERD symptomatic control, and management of PUD as well as its complications. Potential safety concerns of long-term PPI use have been reported in the literature. Clinicians should balance the risks and benefits before committing elderly patients to long-term PPI therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond S Y Tang
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Maeng JH, So JW, Kim J, Kim IA, Jung JH, Min K, Lee DH, Yang SG. rhEGF-containing thermosensitive and mucoadhesive polymeric sol–gel for endoscopic treatment of gastric ulcer and bleeding. J Biomater Appl 2013; 28:1113-21. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328213499948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a standard diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal ulcers and cancer. In this study, we have developed recombinant human epidermal growth factor-containing ulcer-coating polymeric sol–gel for endoscopic application. Chitosan and pluronic F127 were employed for their thermoresponsive and bioadhesive properties. At temperatures below 21℃, polymeric sol–gel remains liquid during endoscopic application and transforms to gel at body temperature after application on ulcers. In an in vitro cellular wounding assay, recombinant human epidermal growth factor sol–gel significantly enhanced the cell migration and decreased the wounding area (68%) compared to nontreated, recombinant human epidermal growth factor solution, and sol–gel without recombinant human epidermal growth factor (42, 49, and 32 % decreased at day 1). The in vivo ulcer-healing study was performed in an acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer rat model and proved that our recombinant human epidermal growth factor endoscopic sol–gel facilitated the ulcer-healing process more efficiently than the other treatments. Ulcer sizes in the recombinant human epidermal growth factor sol–gel group were decreased 2.9- and 2.1-fold compared with those in the nontreated group on days 1 and 3 after ulceration, respectively. The mucosal thickness in the recombinant human epidermal growth factor sol–gel group was significantly increased compared to that in the nontreated group (3.2- and 6.9-fold on days 1 and 3 after ulceration, respectively). In a gastric retention study, recombinant human epidermal growth factor sol–gel stayed on the gastric mucosa more than 2 h after application. The present study suggests that recombinant human epidermal growth factor sol–gel is a prospective candidate for treating gastric ulcers via endoscopic application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Maeng
- Utah-Inha DDS and Advanced Therapeutics Research Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jung Won So
- CG Bio Research Institute, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungju Kim
- CG Bio Research Institute, Sungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ae Kim
- Life Science Research Institute, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- Life Science Research Institute, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Kyunghyun Min
- Life Science Research Institute, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin, Korea
| | - Don Haeng Lee
- Utah-Inha DDS and Advanced Therapeutics Research Center, Incheon, Korea
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Korea
- Department of new drug development and NCEED, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Su-Geun Yang
- Department of new drug development and NCEED, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Thorsen K, Søreide JA, Søreide K. Scoring systems for outcome prediction in patients with perforated peptic ulcer. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2013; 21:25. [PMID: 23574922 PMCID: PMC3626602 DOI: 10.1186/1757-7241-21-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) often present with acute, severe illness that carries a high risk for morbidity and mortality. Mortality ranges from 3-40% and several prognostic scoring systems have been suggested. The aim of this study was to review the available scoring systems for PPU patients, and to assert if there is evidence to prefer one to the other. Material and methods We searched PubMed for the mesh terms “perforated peptic ulcer”, “scoring systems”, “risk factors”, ”outcome prediction”, “mortality”, ”morbidity” and the combinations of these terms. In addition to relevant scores introduced in the past (e.g. Boey score), we included recent studies published between January 2000 and December 2012) that reported on scoring systems for prediction of morbidity and mortality in PPU patients. Results A total of ten different scoring systems used to predict outcome in PPU patients were identified; the Boey score, the Hacettepe score, the Jabalpur score the peptic ulcer perforation (PULP) score, the ASA score, the Charlson comorbidity index, the sepsis score, the Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI), the Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), the simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II), the Mortality probability models II (MPM II), the Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity physical sub-score (POSSUM-phys score). Only four of the scores were specifically constructed for PPU patients. In five studies the accuracy of outcome prediction of different scoring systems was evaluated by receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis, and the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) among studies compared. Considerable variation in performance both between different scores and between different studies was found, with the lowest and highest AUC reported between 0.63 and 0.98, respectively. Conclusion While the Boey score and the ASA score are most commonly used to predict outcome for PPU patients, considerable variations in accuracy for outcome prediction were shown. Other scoring systems are hampered by a lack of validation or by their complexity that precludes routine clinical use. While the PULP score seems promising it needs external validation before widespread use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Thorsen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, POB 8100, Stavanger, N, 4068, Norway
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Narum S, Solhaug V, Myhr K, Brørs O, Kringen MK. Characterisation of non-warfarin-associated bleeding events reported to the Norwegian spontaneous reporting system. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 69:1445-52. [PMID: 23423243 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-013-1479-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to analyse non-warfarin-associated bleeding adverse drug events reported to the Norwegian spontaneous reporting system, with characterisation of the bleeding locations, outcome and drug interactions. In addition, concordance in assessments between reporters and evaluators, trend shifts in reporting, and detection of potentially new adverse drug interaction signals were studied. METHODS Data on bleeding events reported between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2005 were retrieved from the Norwegian spontaneous reporting system database. RESULTS Of 327 case reports of non-warfarin-associated bleeding events, 270 reports (82.6 %) were characterised as serious and 69 (21.1 %) had a fatal outcome. One hundred and eighty-seven bleeds (57.5 %) were gastrointestinal, 57 (17.4 %) were cerebral, and 81 (24.8 %) were from other bleeding sites. The bleeding sites differed with respect to the patient's age, drug use, diagnoses and outcomes. Of drugs associated with bleeding, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)/COX-2 inhibitors (145 reports) and acetylsalicylic acid (128 reports) were most frequently used. Only fibrinolytics were associated with increased mortality. There was a 67.4 % correlation between reporters and evaluators in assessment of drugs associated with bleeding (P < 0.001), with considerable variation in concordance between drug groups. CONCLUSION Non-warfarin-associated bleeding events are associated with substantial mortality. Old age, cerebral bleeds, number of drugs used, and use of fibrinolytics are all independently associated with increased mortality. The recognition of the bleeding risk of commonly used drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid and heparins may be insufficient among prescribers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Narum
- Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Suriya C, Kasatpibal N, Kunaviktikul W, Kayee T. Development of a simplified diagnostic indicators scoring system and validation for peptic ulcer perforation in a developing country. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2012; 5:187-94. [PMID: 23055764 PMCID: PMC3460675 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s35211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To perform and confirm a simplified diagnostic indicators scoring system for predicting peptic ulcer perforation (PUP). Methods: A case–control study was conducted including 812 consecutive patients with PUP from retrospective medical records. Each diagnostic indicator measurable at the time of admittance was analyzed by a multiple regression. Stepwise logistic regression was applied with backward elimination of statistically significant predictors from the full model, with P ≥ 0.05 for exclusion. The item scores were transformed from regression coefficients and computed to a total score. The risk of PUP was interpreted using total scores as a simple predictor. This system was internally validated in 218 consecutive patients and compared to existing systems. Results: A PUP risk score was determined from the diagnostic indicators associated with PUP: gender, age, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs used, history of peptic ulcer, intense abdominal pain, guarding, X-ray free air positive, and referral from other hospitals. Item scores ranged from 0–6.0 and the total score ranged from 0–34.0. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve shows that there was 91.73% accuracy in the total scores predicting the likelihood of PUP. The likelihood of PUP among low risk (scores <10.5), moderate risk (scores 11–21), and high risk (scores ≥ 21.5) patients was 0.13, 11.44, and 1.95, respectively. Conclusion: This scoring system is an effective diagnostic indicator for identifying the complex cases of PUP. It is a simple system and can help guide clinicians, providing them with a more efficient way to accurately subgroup patients while also reducing potential biases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chutikarn Suriya
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bae S, Shim KN, Kim N, Kang JM, Kim DS, Kim KM, Cho YK, Jung SW. Incidence and short-term mortality from perforated peptic ulcer in Korea: a population-based study. J Epidemiol 2012; 22:508-16. [PMID: 22955110 PMCID: PMC3798562 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20120056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is associated with serious health and economic outcomes. However, few studies have estimated the incidence and health outcomes of PPU using a nationally representative sample in Asia. We estimated age- and sex-specific incidence and short-term mortality from PPU among Koreans and investigated the risk factors for mortality associated with PPU development. Methods A retrospective population-based study was conducted from 2006 through 2007 using the Korean National Health Insurance claims database. A diagnostic algorithm was derived and validated to identify PPU patients, and PPU incidence rates and 30-day mortality rates were determined. Results From 2006 through 2007, the PPU incidence rate per 100 000 population was 4.4; incidence among men (7.53) was approximately 6 times that among women (1.24). Incidence significantly increased with advanced age, especially among women older than 50 years. Among 4258 PPU patients, 135 (3.15%) died within 30 days of the PPU event. The 30-day mortality rate increased with advanced age and reached almost 20% for patients older than 80 years. The 30-day mortality rate was 10% for women and 2% for men. Older age, being female, and higher comorbidity were independently associated with 30-day mortality rate among PPU patients in Korea. Conclusions Special attention should be paid to elderly women with high comorbidity who develop PPU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungjin Bae
- Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, Research and Development Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the rates of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) incidence and the association of demographic factors with 30-day mortality after PUB. METHODS Diagnostic algorithms for PUB were derived and validated on the basis of 115 true PUB patients at one tertiary hospital in 2005, followed by estimation of age-specific PUB incidence and 30-day mortality rates, using the Korean National Health Insurance claim database. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the impact of demographic factors on the 30-day mortality rate ratio (MRR) after PUB. RESULTS The diagnostic algorithm showed 89 and 88% positive predictive value and sensitivity, respectively. On the basis of this algorithm, the rate of PUB incidence was 22.1 per 100 000 during 2006-2007 and the age-specific incidence rate increased with advanced age. This incidence rate was more than three times higher among men than women. Among 21 107 PUB patients, the overall 30-day mortality rate was 2.15%, but it ranged from 0.83% for patients younger than 60 years to 7.65% for patients older than 80 years. The adjusted 30-day mortality rate ratio for patients older than 80 was 8.13 (95% confidence interval 6.10-10.8) compared with those younger than 60 and 7.09 (95% confidence interval 2.78-4.51) for patients with a high level of comorbidity compared with a low level of comorbidity. CONCLUSION PUB incidence was higher among men and increased with advanced age. Increased 30-day mortality was observed in association with increasing age, after adjusting for comorbidity.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kuwabara K, Matsuda S, Fushimi K, Ishikawa KB, Horiguchi H, Fujimori K. Community-based evaluation of laparoscopic versus open simple closure of perforated peptic ulcers. World J Surg 2012; 35:2485-92. [PMID: 21915743 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-011-1252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have advocated laparoscopic simple closure (LSC) as the treatment of choice for perforated peptic ulcer disease (PUD). However, there has been no comprehensive community-based evaluation of the advantages of using LSC over open simple closure (OSC). Using an administrative database, we evaluated LSC versus OSC for patients with perforated ulcers. METHODS From 6,334 patients with perforated ulcers, we identified 2,909 simple closure cases between 2006 and 2010. Study variables were demographics, mortality, co-morbidities, complications, ulcer location, surgical timing, blood transfusion, postoperative ventilation, operating room (OR) time, time to resumption of oral food intake, length of stay (LOS), and total charges. After matching patient baseline variables between OSC and LSC, we performed multivariate analyses to assess the impacts of LSC on mortality, complications, and ventilation administration. RESULTS A total of 2,073 OSC cases and 836 LSC cases were identified in 670 hospitals. Younger age, duodenal ulcer, and pre-existing PUD were indicators for selection of LSC. Matching analysis indicated a correlation between LSC and lower mortality, less frequent postoperative and overall blood transfusion, shorter LOS, earlier return to oral intake, and longer OR time. There was no difference between OSC and LSC in complication rate or mortality. Longer OR time was correlated with a higher complication rate and the need for ventilation, the latter of which was independently associated with an increase in mortality. CONCLUSIONS Because longer OR time was associated with more frequent complications and ventilation, surgeons should obtain the skills and strategies necessary to accomplish LSC without extending OR time improperly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Kuwabara
- Department of Health Care Administration and Management, Kyushu University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
MØLLER MH, ENGEBJERG MC, ADAMSEN S, BENDIX J, THOMSEN RW. The Peptic Ulcer Perforation (PULP) score: a predictor of mortality following peptic ulcer perforation. A cohort study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2012; 56:655-62. [PMID: 22191386 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2011.02609.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate and early identification of high-risk surgical patients with perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is important for triage and risk stratification. The objective of the present study was to develop a new and improved clinical rule to predict mortality in patients following surgical treatment for PPU. METHODS DESIGN nationwide cohort study based on prospectively collected data. SETTING thirty-five hospitals in Denmark. PATIENTS a total of 2668 patients surgically treated for gastric or duodenal PPU between 1 February 2003 and 31 August 2009. OUTCOME MEASURE 30-day mortality. RESULTS We derived a new clinical prediction rule for 30-day mortality and evaluated and compared its prognostic performance with the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) and Boey scores. A total of 708 patients (27%) died within 30 days of surgery. The Peptic Ulcer Perforation (PULP) score - comprised eight variables with an adjusted odds ratio of more than 1.28: 1) age > 65 years, 2) active malignant disease or AIDS, 3) liver cirrhosis, 4) steroid use, 5) time from perforation to admission > 24 h, 6) pre-operative shock, 7) serum creatinine > 130 μM, and 8) the four levels of the ASA score (from 2 to 5). The score predicted mortality well (area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) 0.83). It performed considerably better than the Boey score (AUC 0.70) and better than the ASA score alone (AUC 0.78). CONCLUSION The PULP score accurately predicts 30-day mortality in patients operated for PPU and can assist in risk stratification and triage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. H. MØLLER
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine; Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg; Copenhagen; Denmark
| | - M. C. ENGEBJERG
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology; Institute of Clinical Medicine; Aarhus University Hospital; Aarhus; Denmark
| | - S. ADAMSEN
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev; Herlev; Denmark
| | - J. BENDIX
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Aarhus University Hospital; Aarhus; Denmark
| | - R. W. THOMSEN
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology; Institute of Clinical Medicine; Aarhus University Hospital; Aarhus; Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Buck DL, Vester-Andersen M, Møller MH. Accuracy of clinical prediction rules in peptic ulcer perforation: an observational study. Scand J Gastroenterol 2012; 47:28-35. [PMID: 22126610 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2011.639078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to compare the ability of four clinical prediction rules to predict adverse outcome in perforated peptic ulcer (PPU): the Boey score, the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, and the sepsis score. DESIGN an observational multicenter study. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS a total of 117 patients surgically treated for PPU between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2009 in seven gastrointestinal departments in Denmark were included. Pregnant and breastfeeding women, non-surgically treated patients, patients with malignant ulcers, and patients with perforation of other organs were excluded. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE 30-day mortality rate. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS the ability of four clinical prediction rules to distinguish survivors from non-survivors (discrimination ability) was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), positive predictive values (PPVs), negative predictive values (NPVs), and adjusted relative risks. RESULTS Median age (range) was 70 years (25-92 years), 51% of the patients were females, and 73% of the patients had at least one co-existing disease. The 30-day mortality proportion was 17% (20/117). The AUCs: the Boey score, 0.63; the sepsis score, 0.69; the ASA score, 0.73; and the APACHE II score, 0.76. Overall, the PPVs of all four prediction rules were low and the NPVs high. CONCLUSIONS The Boey score, the ASA score, the APACHE II score, and the sepsis score predict mortality poorly in patients with PPU.
Collapse
|
42
|
Epidemiology and demographics of upper gastrointestinal bleeding: prevalence, incidence, and mortality. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2011; 21:567-81. [PMID: 21944411 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite major advances in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding still is a serious problem in clinical practice. Current evidence indicates that most peptic ulcer bleeding-linked deaths are not a direct sequela of the bleeding ulcer itself. Instead, mortality derives from multiorgan failure, cardiopulmonary conditions, or terminal malignancy, suggesting that improving further current treatments for the bleeding ulcer may have a limited impact on mortality unless supportive therapies are developed for the global management of these patients.
Collapse
|
43
|
Kuwabara K, Matsuda S, Fushimi K, Ishikawa KB, Horiguchi H, Fujimori K. Reappraising the surgical approach on the perforated gastroduodenal ulcer: should gastric resection be abandoned? J Clin Med Res 2011; 3:213-22. [PMID: 22383908 PMCID: PMC3279482 DOI: 10.4021/jocmr608w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advancements in medical care for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) have reduced the need for invasive surgical procedures such as gastric resection (GR). Community-based PUD studies from a large sampling of PUD patients designed to analyze hospital resource use and outcomes after different surgical procedures have been rare. We aimed to exhaustively reappraise the risk factors and patient demographics that affect PUD patient recoveries after GR compared to those after simple closure (SC). Methods We used a Japanese administrative database for 6 consecutive months each year between 2006 and 2010. The database included a total of 68,432 PUD patients; we analyzed 6,334 perforation cases and 3,148 cases of patients who underwent GR or SC. Study variables were demographics, comorbidities, characteristics of PUD, and operative day. Study outcomes that were analyzed included mortality, postoperative complications, ventilation administration, postoperative blood transfusions, length of stay, total charges, operating room (OR) time, and the postoperative fasting period (defined as the day of surgery to the day oral food intake was resumed.) To reduce selection bias in study procedures and to control the variation in hospital practice, a propensity score (PS) matching cohort analysis and a mixed linear regression model were used to assess the effects of GR on the outcomes. Results In 699 hospitals, 322 GRs and 2,826 SCs were observed. Younger age, duodenal ulcers, preexisting anemia and an operative day no more than 24hours were significant associated with the choice of SCs. No significant differences were observed in study outcomes after either GR or SC; more postoperative blood transfusions and longer OR times but shorter postoperative fasting periods were observed after GR. Longer OR times, ventilation and postoperative blood transfusion were significantly associated with mortality. Not GR but longer OR times use of ventilation and complications were the most significant indicators of increased resource use. Conclusions There were no major significant differences in GR when compared to SC with regards to patient recoveries. Surgeons should obtain the skills and establish strategies to optimize either type of surgical procedure including minimizing OR time and establishing the best perioperative critical care. Keywords Peptic ulcer perforation; Simple closure; Gastric resection; Outcome; Resource use
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Kuwabara
- Kyushu University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Department of Health Care Administration and Management, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly patients in a Tunisian hospital: A retrospective study. Arab J Gastroenterol 2011; 12:158-61. [PMID: 22055597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The older age group presents a major problem in the management of acute gastrointestinal bleeding with a relatively high mortality. The study aims to describe the background characteristics, causes and outcome of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly in Tunisia. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data of 401 patients aged≥60 years presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Information collected included history, physical examination findings, laboratory data, endoscopic findings and length of hospital stay. Patients were divided into two groups: group A (65-79 years) and group B (>79 years). RESULTS Group A included 315 patients and group B 86 patients. There was a male preponderance in both groups. Co-morbidity (p<0.01) and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or anti-platelet drugs (p<0.01) were more common in group B. Oesophagitis was the cause of bleeding in 38.37% in group B, as compared with 19% in group A. The main cause of bleeding in group A was peptic ulcer. Rebleeding (6/86) and emergency surgery (1/86) were rare in group B and not different from those in group A. However, the bleeding-related mortality in the very elderly group was higher (13.9% vs. 4.76%; p=0.02). In multivariate analysis, only shock on admission was independently related to mortality (p=0.02). CONCLUSION Oesophagitis is the major cause of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in the very elderly patients. While rebleeding and emergency surgery rates are relatively low, the bleeding-related mortality was higher in the very elderly group.
Collapse
|
45
|
Møller MH, Adamsen S, Thomsen RW, Møller AM. Multicentre trial of a perioperative protocol to reduce mortality in patients with peptic ulcer perforation. Br J Surg 2011; 98:802-10. [PMID: 21442610 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morbidity and mortality rates in patients with perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) remain substantial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a multimodal and multidisciplinary perioperative care protocol on mortality in patients with PPU. METHODS This was an externally controlled multicentre trial set in seven gastrointestinal departments in Denmark. Consecutive patients who underwent surgery for gastric or duodenal PPU between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2009 were treated according to a multimodal and multidisciplinary evidence-based perioperative care protocol. The 30-day mortality rate in this group was compared with rates in historical and concurrent national controls. RESULTS The 30-day mortality rate following PPU was 17·1 per cent in the intervention group, compared with 27·0 per cent in the three control groups (P = 0·005). This corresponded to a relative risk of 0·63 (95 per cent confidence interval 0·41 to 0·97), a relative risk reduction of 37 (5 to 58) per cent and a number needed to treat of 10 (6 to 38). CONCLUSION The 30-day mortality rate in patients with PPU was reduced by more than one-third after the implementation of a multimodal and multidisciplinary perioperative care protocol, compared with conventional treatment. REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00624169 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Møller
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Møller MH, Adamsen S, Thomsen RW, Møller AM. Preoperative prognostic factors for mortality in peptic ulcer perforation: a systematic review. Scand J Gastroenterol 2010; 45:785-805. [PMID: 20384526 DOI: 10.3109/00365521003783320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mortality and morbidity following perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) is substantial and probably related to the development of sepsis. During the last three decades a large number of preoperative prognostic factors in patients with PPU have been examined. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize available evidence on these prognostic factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS MEDLINE (January 1966 to June 2009), EMBASE (January 1980 to June 2009), and the Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2009) were screened for studies reporting preoperative prognostic factors for mortality in patients with PPU. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed. Summary relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for the identified prognostic factors were calculated and presented as Forest plots. RESULTS Fifty prognostic studies with 37 prognostic factors comprising a total of 29,782 patients were included in the review. The overall methodological quality was acceptable, yet only two-thirds of the studies provided confounder adjusted estimates. The studies provided strong evidence for an association of older age, comorbidity, and use of NSAIDs or steroids with mortality. Shock upon admission, preoperative metabolic acidosis, tachycardia, acute renal failure, low serum albumin level, high American Society of Anaesthesiologists score, and preoperative delay >24 h were associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS In patients with PPU, a number of negative prognostic factors can be identified prior to surgery, and many of these seem to be related to presence of the sepsis syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Hylander Møller
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gasse C, Christensen S, Riis A, Mortensen PB, Adamsen S, Thomsen RW. Preadmission use of SSRIs alone or in combination with NSAIDs and 30-day mortality after peptic ulcer bleeding. Scand J Gastroenterol 2010; 44:1288-95. [PMID: 19891579 DOI: 10.3109/00365520903177711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and this risk is amplified by concomitant use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The aim of the study was to examine the impact of SSRI use alone or in combination with NSAIDs on 30-day mortality after peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). MATERIAL AND METHODS. A population-based cohort study of patients with a first hospitalization with PUB in three Danish counties was carried out between 1991 and 2005 using medical databases. We calculated 30-day mortality rate ratios (MRRs) associated with the use of SSRIs, alone or in combination with NSAIDs, adjusted for important covariates. RESULTS. Of 7415 patients admitted with PUB, 5.9% used SSRIs only, and 3.8% used SSRIs in combination with NSAIDs, with a 30-day mortality of 11.8% and 11.3%, respectively. Compared with patients who used neither SSRIs nor NSAIDs, the adjusted 30-day MRR was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.76-1.36) for current users of SSRIs and 0.89 (0.62-1.28) for the combined use of SSRIs with NSAIDs. There was a 2.11-fold (95% CI 1.35-3.30) increased risk of death associated with SSRI use starting within 60 days of admission; for those younger than 80 years, the adjusted MRR was 1.54 (0.72-3.29), and 2.57 (1.47-4.49) for those older than 80 years. CONCLUSIONS. Use of SSRIs, alone or in combination with NSAIDs, was not associated with increased 30-day mortality following PUB. However, increased mortality was found in patients who started SSRI therapy, particularly among those older than 80 years. We can only speculate on whether this finding is due to pharmacological action or confounding factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Gasse
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Torab FC, Amer M, Abu-Zidan FM, Branicki FJ. Perforated peptic ulcer: different ethnic, climatic and fasting risk factors for morbidity in Al-ain medical district, United Arab Emirates. Asian J Surg 2009; 32:95-101. [PMID: 19423456 DOI: 10.1016/s1015-9584(09)60018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate risk factors, morbidity and mortality rates of perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) and to investigate factors affecting postoperative complications of PPU. BACKGROUND The incidence of PPU has remained constant, simple closure with omental patch repair being the mainstay of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and nineteen patients admitted to Al-Ain Hospital with PPU between January 2000 and March 2004 was studied retrospectively; two with deficient data were excluded from the analysis. Logistic regression was used to define factors affecting postoperative complications. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 35.3 years (range, 20-65). 45.7% of patients were Bangladeshi, and 85.3% originated from the Indian subcontinent. One patient, subsequently found to have a perforated gastric cancer, died. In 116 patients, 26 complications were recorded in 20 patients (17.2%). Common risk factors for perforation were smoking, history of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A significantly increased risk of perforation was evident during the daytime fasting month of Ramadan. An increase in the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score (p = 0.047) and a reduced white blood cell count (0.04) were highly significant for the prediction of postoperative complications. CONCLUSION Patients with dyspeptic symptoms and a history of previous PUD should be considered for prophylactic treatment to prevent ulcer recurrence during prolonged daytime fasting in Ramadan, especially during the winter time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Chikh Torab
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, UAE
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Na YJ, Shim KN, Kang MJ, Jung JM, Kim SE, Jung SA, Yoo K, Moon IH. [Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes between geriatric and non-geriatric patients in peptic ulcer bleeding]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2009; 53:297-304. [PMID: 19458466 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2009.53.5.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS In geriatric patients with peptic ulcer, the use of NSAID and prevalence of chronic illness have been increased, but the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infected portion decreased. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of geriatric patients (aged 65 or older) with peptic ulcer bleeding and compare with non-geriatric patients (less than 65 years old). METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 88 patients with peptic ulcer bleeding treated with therapeutic endoscopy from January 2006 to December 2006. We compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of geriatric patients (n=34, 38.6%) with those of non-geriatric patients (n=54, 61.4%). RESULTS Hypertension (52.9% vs. 24.1%), cardiovascular disease (35.3% vs. 13.0%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20.6% vs. 3.7%) were more prevalent in the geriatric group, compared with the non-geriatric group (p<0.05). The geriatric group had taken more ulcerogenic drugs than the non-geriatric group (64.7% vs. 33.3%, p<0.05); aspirin plus clopidogrel (23.6% vs. 13.0%) and aspirin (20.6% vs. 11.0%). Sixteen (21.1%) of the 76 cases had H. pylori-negative ulcer. Between the two groups, there was no difference in the prevalence of H. pylori-negative ulcer (25.9% vs. 18.4%, p>0.05). The amount of transfusion length of ICU stay, rebleeding rate, operation rate and mortality were not different between the two groups. The length of hospital stay in the geriatric patients was significantly longer than the non-geriatric group (12.3+/-10.6 vs. 7.2+/-5.9 days, p<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, old age was a significant risk factor for longer hospital stay (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The geriatric patients with bleeding peptic ulcer had longer hospital stay than the non-geriatric patients in our study. The important emerging etiologies such as ulcerogenic drug and associated chronic illness should be checked and treated in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youn Ju Na
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Møller MH, Shah K, Bendix J, Jensen AG, Zimmermann-Nielsen E, Adamsen S, Møller AM. Risk factors in patients surgically treated for peptic ulcer perforation. Scand J Gastroenterol 2009; 44:145-52, 2 p following 152. [PMID: 18785067 DOI: 10.1080/00365520802401261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The overall mortality for patients undergoing surgery for perforated peptic ulcer has increased despite improvements in perioperative monitoring and treatment. The objective of this study was to identify and describe perioperative risk factors in order to identify ways of optimizing the treatment and to improve the outcome of patients with perforated peptic ulcer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three hundred and ninety-eight patients undergoing emergency surgery in four university hospitals in Denmark were included in the study. Information regarding the pre-, intra- and postoperative phases were recorded retrospectively from medical records. Data were analysed using multiple logistic regression analysis. The primary end-point was 30-day mortality. RESULTS The 30-day mortality rate was 27%. The following variables were independently associated with death within 30 days of surgery: ASA (American Society of Anaesthesiologists) class, age, shock upon admission, preoperative metabolic acidosis, elevated concentration of creatinine upon admission, subnormal concentration of albumin upon admission and insufficient postoperative nutrition. CONCLUSIONS Thus, preoperative metabolic acidosis, renal insufficiency upon admission and insufficient postoperative nutrition have been added to the list of independent risk factors for death within 30 days of surgery in patients with peptic ulcer perforation. Finding that shock upon admission, reduced albumin blood levels upon admission, renal insufficiency upon admission and preoperative metabolic acidosis are independently related to 30-day mortality could indicate that patients with peptic ulcer perforation are septic upon admission, and thus might benefit from a perioperative care protocol with early source control and early goal-directed therapy according to The Surviving Sepsis Campaign. This hypothesis should be addressed in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Hylander Møller
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|