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Gisina A, Yarygin K, Lupatov A. The Impact of Glycosylation on the Functional Activity of CD133 and the Accuracy of Its Immunodetection. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:449. [PMID: 38927329 PMCID: PMC11200695 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The membrane glycoprotein CD133 (prominin-1) is widely regarded as the main molecular marker of cancer stem cells, which are the most malignant cell subpopulation within the tumor, responsible for tumor growth and metastasis. For this reason, CD133 is considered a promising prognostic biomarker and molecular target for antitumor therapy. Under normal conditions, CD133 is present on the cell membrane in glycosylated form. However, in malignancies, altered glycosylation apparently leads to changes in the functional activity of CD133 and the availability of some of its epitopes for antibodies. This review focuses on CD133's glycosylation in human cells and its impact on the function of this glycoprotein. The association of CD133 with proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the organization of plasma membrane protrusions and extracellular trafficking is discussed. In this review, particular attention is paid to the influence of CD133's glycosylation on its immunodetection. A list of commercially available and custom antibodies with their characteristics is provided. The available data indicate that the development of CD133-based biomedical technologies should include an assessment of CD133's glycosylation in each tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Gisina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, V. N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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2
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Baldasso-Zanon A, Silva AO, Franco N, Picon RV, Lenz G, Lopez PLDC, Filippi-Chiela EC. The rational modulation of autophagy sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluouracil and oxaliplatin. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30517. [PMID: 38224178 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and deadliest cancer globally. Regimens using 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and Oxaliplatin (OXA) are the first-line treatment for CRC, but tumor recurrence is frequent. It is plausible to hypothesize that differential cellular responses are triggered after treatments depending on the genetic background of CRC cells and that the rational modulation of cell tolerance mechanisms like autophagy may reduce the regrowth of CRC cells. This study proposes investigating the cellular mechanisms triggered by CRC cells exposed to 5FU and OXA using a preclinical experimental design mimicking one cycle of the clinical regimen (i.e., 48 h of treatment repeated every 2 weeks). To test this, we treated CRC human cell lines HCT116 and HT29 with the 5FU and OXA, combined or not, for 48 h, followed by analysis for two additional weeks. Compared to single-drug treatments, the co-treatment reduced tumor cell regrowth, clonogenicity and stemness, phenotypes associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in clinics. This effect was exerted by the induction of apoptosis and senescence only in the co-treatment. However, a week after treatment, cells that tolerated the treatment had high levels of autophagy features and restored the proliferative phenotype, resembling tumor recurrence. The pharmacologic suppression of early autophagy during its peak of occurrence, but not concomitant with chemotherapeutics, strongly reduced cell regrowth. Overall, our experimental model provides new insights into the cellular mechanisms that underlie the response and tolerance of CRC cells to 5FU and OXA, suggesting optimized, time-specific autophagy inhibition as a new avenue for improving the efficacy of current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Baldasso-Zanon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas Experimental, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andrew Oliveira Silva
- Centro de Pesquisas Experimental, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Unidade Centro RS, Faculdade Estácio do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nayara Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas Experimental, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafael V Picon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Departamento de Biofísica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Luciana da Costa Lopez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas Experimental, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Filippi-Chiela
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisas Experimental, Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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3
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Soleimani A, Saeedi N, Al-Asady AM, Nazari E, Hanaie R, Khazaei M, Ghorbani E, Akbarzade H, Ryzhikov M, Avan A, Mehr SMH. Colorectal Cancer Stem Cell Biomarkers: Biological Traits and Prognostic Insights. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:1386-1397. [PMID: 38623972 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128291321240329050945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Due to self-renewal, differentiation, and limitless proliferation properties, Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) increase the probability of tumor development. These cells are identified by using CSC markers, which are highly expressed proteins on the cell surface of CSCs. Recently, the therapeutic application of CSCs as novel biomarkers improved both the prognosis and diagnosis outcome of colorectal Cancer. In the present review, we focused on a specific panel of colorectal CSC markers, including LGR5, ALDH, CD166, CD133, and CD44, which offers a targeted and comprehensive analysis of their functions. The selection criteria for these markers cancer were based on their established significance in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) pathogenesis and clinical outcomes, providing novel insights into the CSC biology of CRC. Through this approach, we aim to elevate understanding and stimulate further research for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Soleimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nikoo Saeedi
- Medical School, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Elnaz Nazari
- Department of Physiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reyhane Hanaie
- Department of Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elnaz Ghorbani
- Department of Microbiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Akbarzade
- Department of Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Department of Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Amir Avan
- Department of Genetics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
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Gisina A, Kim Y, Yarygin K, Lupatov A. Can CD133 Be Regarded as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oncology: Pros and Cons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17398. [PMID: 38139228 PMCID: PMC10744290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The CD133 cell membrane glycoprotein, also termed prominin-1, is expressed on some of the tumor cells of both solid and blood malignancies. The CD133-positive tumor cells were shown to exhibit higher proliferative activity, greater chemo- and radioresistance, and enhanced tumorigenicity compared to their CD133-negative counterparts. For this reason, CD133 is regarded as a potential prognostic biomarker in oncology. The CD133-positive cells are related to the cancer stem cell subpopulation in many types of cancer. Recent studies demonstrated the involvement of CD133 in the regulation of proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis in cancer cells. There is also evidence of its participation in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated with tumor progression. For a number of malignant tumor types, high CD133 expression is associated with poor prognosis, and the prognostic significance of CD133 has been confirmed in a number of meta-analyses. However, some published papers suggest that CD133 has no prognostic significance or even demonstrate a certain correlation between high CD133 levels and a positive prognosis. This review summarizes and discusses the existing evidence for and against the prognostic significance of CD133 in cancer. We also consider possible reasons for conflicting findings from the studies of the clinical significance of CD133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Gisina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, V. N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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Cancer stem cell marker expression and methylation status in patients with colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:231. [PMID: 35720495 PMCID: PMC9185140 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of individuals diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) has been on an alarming upward trajectory over the past decade. In some countries, this cancer represents one of the most frequently diagnosed types of neoplasia. Therefore, it is an important demand to study the pathology underlying this disease to gain insights into the mechanism of resistance to treatment. Resistance of tumors to chemotherapy and tumor aggressiveness have been associated with a minor population of neoplastic cells, which are considered to be responsible for tumor recurrence. These types of neoplastic cells are known as cancer stem cells, which have been previously reported to serve an important role in pathogenesis of this malignant disease. Slovakia has one of the highest incidence rates of CRC worldwide. In the present study, the aim was to classify the abundance of selected stem cell markers (CD133, CD166 and Lgr5) in CRC tumors using flow cytometry. In addition, the methylation status of selected genomic regions of CRC biomarkers (ADAMTS16, MGMT, PROM1 (CD133), LGR5 and ALCAM) was investigated by pyrosequencing in a cohort of patients from Martin University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia. Samples from both primary tumors and metastatic tumors were tested. Analysis of DNA methylation in the genomic regions of indicated five CRC biomarkers was also performed, which revealed the highest levels of methylation in the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 16 and O6-methyguanine-DNA methyl transferase genes, whereas the lowest levels of methylation were found in genes expressing prominin-1, leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule. Furthermore, tumor tissues from metastases showed significantly higher levels of CD133+ cells compared with that in primary tumors. Higher levels of CD133+ cells correlated with TNM stage and the invasiveness of CRC into the lymphatic system. Although relatively small number of samples was processed, CD133 marker was consider to be important marker in pathology of CRC.
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Lai Y, Li Y, Gao L. Serum amyloid A protein in cancer prognosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:2255-2264. [PMID: 35116543 PMCID: PMC8798074 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-3417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Published studies showed divergent results of the prognostic value of serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in patients with different cancers. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis so as to assess the association between SAA and cancer prognosis. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted to identify the literatures working over SAA and survival in patients with cancers published until January 2020. Sufficient data for assessing overall survival in cancers were extracted descriptively and quantitatively from the studies and a pooled odds ratio was calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect or random-effect model. Results Ten eligible papers were identified by two reviewers independently, including 4 studies that evaluated renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 2 studies evaluated lung cancer and the other 3 studies evaluated melanoma, gastric cancer and different cancers. Elevated SAA expression and shorter overall survival (OS) had a statistically significant relation [pooled 1-year OR was 5.07, 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.71–6.94, Q=9.15, I2=0%; pooled 3-year OR was 4.21, 95% CI, 3.18–5.56, Q=14.94, I2=46%; pooled 5-year OR was 5.69, 95% CI, 2.66–12.18, Q=24.83, I2=80%]. Subgroup analysis of RCC patients showed remarkable association between SAA and shorter OS (pooled 1-year OR =4.76, 95% CI, 3.00–7.56, Q=4.18, I2=4%; pooled 3-year OR =4.89, 95% CI, 3.06–7.81, Q=2.88, I2=0%). Conclusions High SAA status is correlated with an unfavorable OS in different cancers, especially in RCC, and digestive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Lai
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Li
- The Search Lab of 3D Bioprinting (The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic System and the Oxford Centre for Tissue Engineering and Bioprocessing), College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leilei Gao
- Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Pradhan T, Kumar V, Surya H E, Krishna R, John S, Jissa VT, Anjana S, Chandramohan K, Nair SA. STIL Endows Oncogenic and Stem-Like Attributes to Colorectal Cancer Plausibly by Shh and Wnt Signaling. Front Oncol 2021; 11:581671. [PMID: 34485108 PMCID: PMC8416176 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.581671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of a potent gene regulating tumorigenesis and drug resistance is of high clinical importance. STIL is an oncogene; however, its molecular associations and role in colorectal oncogenesis are unknown. In this study, we have explored the role of STIL gene in tumorigenesis and studied its molecular targets in colorectal cancer (CRC). STIL silencing reduced proliferation and tumor growth in CRC. Further, STIL was found to regulate stemness markers CD133 and CD44 and drug resistant markers thymidylate synthase, ABCB1, and ABCG2 both in in-vitro and in-vivo CRC models. In addition, high expression of STIL mRNA was found to be associated with reduced disease-free survival in CRC cases. Interestingly, we observed that STIL-mediated regulation of stemness and drug resistant genes is not exclusively governed by Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling. Remarkably, we found STIL regulate β-catenin levels through p-AKT, independent of Shh pathway. This partially answers Shh independent regulatory mechanism of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers by STIL. Our study suggests an instrumental role of STIL in molecular manifestation of CRC and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Pradhan
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Cardiovascular Diseases & Diabetes Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Evangeline Surya H
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - R Krishna
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Samu John
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - V T Jissa
- Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies (AMCHSS), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - S Anjana
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - K Chandramohan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
| | - S Asha Nair
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
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8
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Kostovski O, Antovic S, Trajkovski G, Kostovska I, Jovanovic R, Jankulovski N. High expression of CD133 - stem cell marker for prediction of clinically agressive type of colorectal cancer. POLISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2021; 92:9-14. [PMID: 32759397 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.0999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
<b> Background:</b> Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. The cancer stem cell (CSC) markers are associated with aggressive cancer types and poor prognosis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the CD133 expression and to correlate it with clinicopathological features in patients with CRC. <br><b>Material and Methods:</b> Our study included ninety patients with CRC who underwent curative surgical resection from 2012 to 2017 at the University Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Skopje, North Macedonia. Tumor samples were first analyzed with standard histopathological methods and then the CD133 expression was investigated immunohistochemically. The level of expression of CD133 was classified semiquantitatively. Low positivity was defined as positive immunoreactivity in <50% of tumor glands, and high positivity was defined as positive immunoreactivity in ≥50% of tumor glands. Furthermore, clinicopathological features of patients were retrospectively reviewed. <br><b>Results:</b> High expression of CD133 was found in 47.8% of patients' CRC samples. In 69.6% of patients with metastatic lesions in visceral organs we found high expression of CD133. We found statistically significant differences in the expression of CD133 between patients with and without visceral metastatic lesions (P = 0.0153), between patients with a different T category (P = 0.0119), N status (P = 0.0066) and grade (G) (P = 0.0115). Our results showed that the stage of disease has the greatest impact on expression of CD133 (P < 0.00001). <br><b>Conclusion:</b> High expression of CD133 is a useful marker for prediction of the clinically aggressive type of CRC and can be routinely implemented in standard pathohistological diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ognen Kostovski
- University Clinic of Abdominal surgery, Facutly of medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Svetozar Antovic
- University Clinic of Abdominal surgery, Facutly of medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Gjorgji Trajkovski
- University Clinic of Abdominal surgery, Facutly of medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Irena Kostovska
- Institute of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Facutly of medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Rubens Jovanovic
- Institute of Pathology, Facutly of medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Nikola Jankulovski
- University Clinic of Abdominal surgery, Facutly of medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, North Macedonia
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Dominijanni A, Devarasetty M, Soker S. Manipulating the Tumor Microenvironment in Tumor Organoids Induces Phenotypic Changes and Chemoresistance. iScience 2020; 23:101851. [PMID: 33319176 PMCID: PMC7724203 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors comprised a tightly surrounded tumor microenvironment, made up of non-cellular extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal cells. Although treatment response is often attributed to tumor heterogeneity, progression and malignancy are profoundly influenced by tumor cell interactions with the surrounding ECM. Here, we used a tumor organoid model, consisting of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) embedded in collagen type 1 (Col1) and colorectal cancer cell (HCT-116) spheroids, to determine the relationship between the ECM architecture, cancer cell malignancy, and chemoresistance. Exogenous transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) used to activate the HSCs increased the remodeling and bundling of Col1 in the ECM around the cancer spheroid. A dense ECM architecture inhibited tumor cell growth, reversed their mesenchymal phenotype, preserved stem cell population, and reduced chemotherapy response. Overall, our results demonstrate that controlled biofabrication and manipulation of the ECM in tumor organoids results enables studying tumor cell-ECM interactions and better understand tumor cell response to chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Dominijanni
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Mahesh Devarasetty
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Shay Soker
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
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10
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Rezaee M, Gheytanchi E, Madjd Z, Mehrazma M. Clinicopathological Significance of Tumor Stem Cell Markers ALDH1 and CD133 in Colorectal Carcinoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 16:40-50. [PMID: 33391379 PMCID: PMC7691712 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2020.127441.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide with a high mortality rate. The main causes of death in patients are recurrence and metastasis which are mainly attributed to the small subpopulation of cells within tumors called cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the expression of ALDH1 and CD133 as CSC associated markers and clinicopathological characteristics in CRC. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 483 CRC tumor samples were immunohistochemically stained for detection of CD133 and ALDH1 markers. Correlations of marker expression with clinicopathological factors were also evaluated. Results: There was a significant correlation between the luminal intensity of CD133 and neural invasion (P=0.05) and between the cytoplasmic intensity of CD133 and metastasis (P=0.05). In terms of H-score, a positive significant relation was observed between cytoplasmic expression of CD133 and lymph node (P=0.02), neural (P=0.04) and vascular invasion (P=0.02). The ALDH1 cytoplasmic expression showed a significant correlation with tumor size (P=0.001). Conclusion: Our findings showed that increased expression of CD133 and ALDH1 is associated with tumor progression and worse outcomes in CRC patients. These markers can be good candidates for localized targeting of CSCs using antibodies. Future researches need to be improved approaches for early detection of CRC, and treatment monitoring for CRC and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rezaee
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Gheytanchi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Mehrazma
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pathology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Trevellin E, Pirozzolo G, Fassan M, Vettor R. Prognostic value of stem cell markers in esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer: a meta-analysis. J Cancer 2020; 11:4240-4249. [PMID: 32368307 PMCID: PMC7196270 DOI: 10.7150/jca.33699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer is an aggressive tumor, with poor prognosis and low survival rates. Although diagnosis and treatment have improved considerably, more efficient prognostic factors are urgently needed to prevent postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Cancer stem cells are key players in tumor progression and several studies have investigated the association between the expression of stemness genes and clinical outcome. However, the prognostic value of stemness markers in esophageal cancer remains controversial. We identified six factors involved in angiogenesis, anti-apoptosis and self-renewal that have been associated to poor prognosis in other types of cancer. We conducted a review of the literature and a meta-analysis to assess their potential prognostic role in this malignancy. Material and Methods: The database of PMC, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and The Cochrane Library were searched to investigate the association between CD34, CD133, Nucleostemin, OCT-4, NANOG and CD90, and the survival of patients affected by esophageal squamous cell carcinoma or esophageal adenocarcinoma. Among the 615 eligible studies, a total of 19 articles (including 1586 patients) met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis, and the pooled hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Data showed that high expression of CD34 (HR 2.10; 95%CI 1.41-3.14; I2=56%; p=0.0003), CD133 (HR 1.91; 95%CI 1.15-3.19; I2=55%; p=0.01) and Nucleostemin (HR 2.97; 95%CI 1.11-7.98; I2=0%; p=0.03) were associated with poor prognosis in patients affected by esophageal cancer. The expression of NANOG and OCT-4 showed no significant association with survival of patients, whereas no study involving CD90 was included in this meta-analysis. Conclusion: CD34, CD133 and Nucleostemin might represent useful prognostic markers in patients affected by esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Trevellin
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine-Metabolic Laboratory, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pirozzolo
- Emergency General Surgery, Ospedale dell'Angelo - ULSS 3 Serenissima, 30174 Venice, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, Endocrine-Metabolic Laboratory, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
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12
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Ayad EE, eldin YOK, El-hindawi AA, Abdelmagid MS, Elmeligy HA. Immunohistochemical Study of Ezrin Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma: A Comparative Study between Objective Method and Digital Quantitative Assessment. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:967-974. [PMID: 32334457 PMCID: PMC7445977 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.4.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in both developed and developing nations. It is the third most common type of cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Ezrin is involved in maintaining cell structure and cell motility. Expression levels of the ezrin gene correlate with numerous human malignancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ezrin expression was evaluated in fifty one cases of colorectal carcinoma by using two methods; objective and quantitative method to determine the statistical relation between ezrin objective analysis score and clinicopathological parameters and to do a comparative study between both methods of analysis. RESULTS Ezrin was expressed in 92.2% of cases, and it showed a statistical significant relation with tumor grade. A statistically significant relation was found between ezrin objective analysis score and ezrin quantitative analysis score (P-value <0.05). A strong positive Pearson correlation exists between both methods of analysis (R=0.868). CONCLUSION Ezrin has a role in colorectal cancer progression and it might provide clinically valuable information in predicting the behavior of colorectal cancer. Digital pathology offers the potential for improvements in quality, efficacy and safety. It will be necessary to carry out similar studies on a larger sample size in order to elucidate the possible prognostic significance of ezrin in colorectal carcinoma and ensure the ability of digital pathology to transform the practice of diagnostic pathology. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam E Ayad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo,
| | | | - Ali A El-hindawi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo,
| | - Mona S Abdelmagid
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo,
| | - Hesham A Elmeligy
- Department of General Surgery, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
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13
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Akbari M, Shomali N, Faraji A, Shanehbandi D, Asadi M, Mokhtarzadeh A, Shabani A, Baradaran B. CD133: An emerging prognostic factor and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:368-380. [PMID: 31579983 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Recently, the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been highlighted as a crucial emerging factor in chemoresistance, cancer relapse, and metastasis. CD133 is a surface marker of CSCs and has been argued to have prognostic and therapeutic values in CRC along with its related pathways such as Wnt, Notch, and hedgehog. Several studies have successfully applied targeted therapies against CD133 in CRC models namely bispecific antibodies (BiAbs) and anti-Wnt and notch pathways agents. These studies have yielded initial promising results in this regard. However, none of the therapeutics have been used in the clinical setting and their efficacy and adverse effects profile are yet to be elucidated. This review aims to gather the old and most recent data on the prognostic and therapeutic values of CD133 and CD133-targeted therapies in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Akbari
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 3514799422, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran.,Semnan Biotechnology Research Center, Semnan University of Medical sciences, Semnan, 3514799422, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Faraji
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran
| | - Milad Asadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Shabani
- Semnan Biotechnology Research Center, Semnan University of Medical sciences, Semnan, 3514799422, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166614766, Iran
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14
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Kazama S, Kishikawa J, Tanaka T, Hata K, Kawai K, Nozawa H, Ishihara S. Immunohistochemical Expression of CD133 and LGR5 in Ulcerative Colitis-associated Colorectal Cancer and Dysplasia. In Vivo 2019; 33:1279-1284. [PMID: 31280219 PMCID: PMC6689354 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133) and leu cine-rich orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) are the most putative stem cell markers for colorectal cancer (CRC), and are associated with poor prognosis of patients with CRC. However, the role of CD133 and LGR5 in the inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence has not been fully elucidated. We examined the expression of CD133 and LGR5 in ulcerative colitis-associated CRC (UC-CRC; n=20) and UC-associated colorectal dysplasia (n=16) by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The rate of CD133-positive cases in UC-CRC was significantly higher than that in dysplasia (p=0.026), but that of LGR5 expression was not. Moreover, LGR5 expression was significantly positively associated with p53 expression (p=0.03), whereas CD133 expression positively correlated with p53 expression, but not significantly (p=0.10). CONCLUSION CD133 may play an important role in tumor development in the context of the inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. LGR5-positive cancer stem cells may play a critical role in the development of UC-CRC, particularly upon loss of p53 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Kazama
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Kishikawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hata
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Kawai
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nozawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ishihara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Pereira CV, Duarte M, Silva P, Bento da Silva A, Duarte CMM, Cifuentes A, García-Cañas V, Bronze MR, Albuquerque C, Serra AT. Polymethoxylated Flavones Target Cancer Stemness and Improve the Antiproliferative Effect of 5-Fluorouracil in a 3D Cell Model of Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2019; 11:E326. [PMID: 30717428 PMCID: PMC6412836 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) from citrus fruits are reported to present anticancer potential. However, there is a lack of information regarding their effect on cancer stem cell (CSC) populations, which has been recognized as responsible for tumor initiation, relapse, and chemoresistance. In this study, we evaluated the effect of an orange peel extract (OPE) and its main PMFs, namely, nobiletin, sinensetin, tangeretin, and scutellarein tetramethylether in targeting cell proliferation and stemness using a 3D cell model of colorectal cancer composed of HT29 cell spheroids cultured for 7 days in stirred conditions. Soft agar assay, ALDH1 activity, and relative quantitative gene expression analysis of specific biomarkers were carried out to characterize the stemness, self-renewal, and mesenchymal features of HT29 cell spheroids. Then, the impact of OPE and PMFs in reducing cell proliferation and modulating cancer stemness and self-renewal was assessed. Results showed that, when compared with monolayer cultures, HT29 cell spheroids presented higher ALDH1 activity (81.97% ± 5.27% compared to 63.55% ± 17.49% for 2D), upregulation of CD44, PROM1, SOX9, and SNAI1 genes (1.83 ± 0.34, 2.54 ± 0.51, 2.03 ± 0.15, and 6.12 ± 1.59 times) and high self-renewal capability (352 ± 55 colonies compared to 253 ± 42 for 2D). Incubation with OPE (1 mg/mL) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and modulated cancer stemness and self-renewal ability: colony formation, ALDH1 activity, and the expression of cancer stemness biomarkers PROM1 and LGR5 were significantly reduced (0.66 ± 0.15 and 0.51 ± 0.14 times, respectively). Among all PMFs, tangeretin was the most efficient in targeting the CSC population by decreasing colony formation and the expression of PROM1 and LGR5. Scutellarein tetramethylether was shown to modulate markers of mesenchymal/metastatic transition (increasing CDH1 and reducing ZEB1 and SNAI1) and nobiletin was capable of downregulating PROM1 and SNAI1 expression. Importantly, all PMFs and OPE were shown to synergistically interact with 5-fluorouracil, improving the antiproliferative response of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina V Pereira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Marlene Duarte
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, E.P.E (IPOLFG, EPE), 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Silva
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, E.P.E (IPOLFG, EPE), 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Andreia Bento da Silva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Catarina M M Duarte
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia García-Cañas
- Molecular Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC) Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria R Bronze
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Albuquerque
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, E.P.E (IPOLFG, EPE), 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Teresa Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
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16
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Dermal microvessel density and maturity is closely associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia and accumulation of advanced glycation end products in adult patients with type 1 diabetes. Microvasc Res 2019; 121:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Han S, Huang T, Wu X, Wang X, Liu S, Yang W, Shi Q, Li H, Hou F. Prognostic Value of CD133 and SOX2 in Advanced Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:3905817. [PMID: 30693028 PMCID: PMC6332999 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3905817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic value of CD133 and SOX2 expression in advanced cancer remains unclear. This study was first conducted to investigate the association between CD133 or SOX2 positivity and clinical outcomes for advanced cancer patients. METHODS Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to evaluate the correlation between CD133 or SOX2 positivity and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), or recurrence-free survival (RFS) from multivariable analysis. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was also performed. RESULTS 13 studies with 1358 cases (CD133) and five studies with 433 cases (SOX2) were identified. CD133 positivity was correlated with worse CSS and OS, but there was no correlation between CD133 positivity and DFS. SOX2 positivity was associated with poor DFS and RFS but was not linked to PFS. Stratified analysis by study source showed that only CD133 positivity can decrease OS for Chinese patients. Stratified analysis by treatment regimens indicated that CD133 positivity was linked to poor OS in patients treated with adjuvant therapy. TSA showed that additional studies were necessary. CONCLUSIONS CD133 and SOX2 might be associated with worse prognosis in advanced cancer. More prospective studies are strongly needed. IMPACT CD133 and SOX2 may be promising targeted molecular therapy for advanced cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Han
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Tao Huang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Xiyu Wang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Hongjia Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Fenggang Hou
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Zhijiang Road, Shanghai 200071, China
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18
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Abbasian M, Mousavi E, Arab-Bafrani Z, Sahebkar A. The most reliable surface marker for the identification of colorectal cancer stem-like cells: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8192-8202. [PMID: 30317669 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several surface markers have been proposed for the identification and characterization of colorectal cancer stem-like cells (CR-CSLCs). However, their reliability in CR-CSLCs identification remains controversial. This study evaluated the correlation between all candidate surface marker's expression and CSLCs properties (tumorigenicity) through monitoring in vivo tumor incidence and final tumor volume. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched until November 2017. A total of 27 studies were found that met the inclusion criteria for cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133) and CD44 markers. Results indicated that either CD133 or CD44 positive cells caused about twofold increase in tumor volume compared with the negative cells (p < 0.05). In two groups of cells derived from primary tumors and cell lines, CD133 + cells had 25 and 1.45 times higher tumor incidence potential than CD133 - cells, respectively ( p < 0.05). Also, cohort evaluation showed that CD133 overexpression at protein level is a marker of poor overall survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. While CD44 + cells displayed twofold tumorigenicity compared with the negative cells ( p < 0.05), combination of CD44 and CD133 showed about sevenfold tumorigenicity potential ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis suggests that CD133 is a robust biomarker to identify primary tumor CSLCs and can be proposed as a prognostic marker of CRC patient whereas it should be used with caution in cell lines. It seems to be more reliable to use CD133 in combination with CD44 as target biomarkers for the isolation of CR-CSLCs in both cell line and primary tumor cells populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Abbasian
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Mousavi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab-Bafrani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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19
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Howard R, Al Diffalha S, Pimiento J, Mejia J, Enderling H, Giuliano A, Coppola D. CD133 Expression as a Helicobacter pylori-independent Biomarker of Gastric Cancer Progression. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:4443-4448. [PMID: 30061208 PMCID: PMC7771274 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Gastric adenocarcinoma is the fourth most common cancer worldwide. While gastric cancer prevalence varies globally and incidence rates are decreasing in the West, many cases continue to be diagnosed at an advanced stage and the 5-year survival rate still falls below 30%. Early treatment of gastric cancer by endoscopic and/or surgical therapy may decrease mortality; yet reliable, universally applicable biomarkers for early detection of gastric cancer have still not been established. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present work compares the expression of CD133 (prominin-1), a potential biomarker of disease progression in gastric cancer, between independent cohorts of H. pylori (+) and H. pylori (-) patients at each respective stage of carcinogenesis. H. pylori (-) patients (N=45) who underwent gastric biopsy at the Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC) in Tampa, Florida, and H. pylori (+) patients (N=59) who underwent gastric biopsy at the Instituto de Patologia Mejia Jimenez (IPMJ) in Cali, Colombia were evaluated and immunostained for CD133. RESULTS A statistically significant increase in CD133 expression (in terms of the Allred score) was observed between all stages of progression (normal mucosa, inflammation/metaplasia, low-grade dysplasia and gastric adenocarcinoma) for each respective patient cohort. No statistically significant difference in CD133 expression at each respective stage of disease was observed between the H. pylori-positive and negative-cohorts. CONCLUSION The observation of distinct stepwise increases in CD133 expression in both patient cohorts, and the lack of any significant difference between groups, suggests that CD133 expression may serve as a biomarker for early detection of gastric cancer independent of bacterial status and strain, and corresponding differences in disease histomorphology and classification. This warrants further validation on larger independent cohorts across multiple geographic regions and incorporating multiple bacterial strain types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Howard
- Department of Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Sameer Al Diffalha
- Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jose Pimiento
- Surgical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jaime Mejia
- Department of Pathology, Instituto de Patología Mejía Jiménez in Cali, Pathology, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Heiko Enderling
- Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Anna Giuliano
- Center for Infection Research in Cancer, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Domenico Coppola
- Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A.
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20
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Paschall AV, Yang D, Lu C, Redd PS, Choi JH, Heaton CM, Lee JR, Nayak-Kapoor A, Liu K. CD133+CD24lo defines a 5-Fluorouracil-resistant colon cancer stem cell-like phenotype. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78698-78712. [PMID: 27659530 PMCID: PMC5346671 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemotherapeutic agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the most commonly used drug for patients with advanced colon cancer. However, development of resistance to 5-FU is inevitable in almost all patients. The mechanism by which colon cancer develops 5-FU resistance is still unclear. One recently proposed theory is that cancer stem-like cells underlie colon cancer 5-FU resistance, but the phenotypes of 5-FU-resistant colon cancer stem cells are still controversial. We report here that 5-FU treatment selectively enriches a subset of CD133+ colon cancer cells in vitro. 5-FU chemotherapy also increases CD133+ tumor cells in human colon cancer patients. However, sorted CD133+ colon cancer cells exhibit no increased resistance to 5-FU, and CD133 levels exhibit no correlation with colon cancer patient survival or cancer recurrence. Genome-wide analysis of gene expression between sorted CD133+ colon cancer cells and 5-FU-selected colon cancer cells identifies 207 differentially expressed genes. CD24 is one of the genes whose expression level is lower in the CD133+ and 5-FU-resistant colon cancer cells as compared to CD133+ and 5-FU-sensitive colon cancer cells. Consequently, CD133+CD24lo cells exhibit decreased sensitivity to 5-FU. Therefore, we determine that CD133+CD24lo phenotype defines 5-FU-resistant human colon cancer stem cell-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy V Paschall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Dafeng Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Chunwan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Priscilla S Redd
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Jeong-Hyeon Choi
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey R Lee
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Asha Nayak-Kapoor
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
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21
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Azambuja DB, Leguisamo NM, Gloria HC, Kalil AN, Rhoden E, Saffi J. Prognostic impact of changes in base excision repair machinery in sporadic colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Harada Y, Kazama S, Morikawa T, Murono K, Yasuda K, Otani K, Nishikawa T, Tanaka T, Kiyomatsu T, Kawai K, Hata K, Nozawa H, Yamaguchi H, Ishihara S, Watanabe T. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 and CD133 expression is associated with tumor progression and resistance to preoperative chemoradiotherapy in low rectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:7791-7798. [PMID: 29250176 PMCID: PMC5727605 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Preoperative chemoradiotherapy has been performed as a standard therapy for advanced low rectal cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been reported to contribute to resistance to treatment and patient prognosis. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) and cluster of differentiation (CD133) are putative markers for CSCs. However, their prognostic ability remains unknown, and evaluation of a single marker can be insufficient due to the heterogeneity of cancer. LGR5 and CD133 expression was immunohistochemically evaluated in surgical specimens of 56 patients who received curative resection following chemoradiotherapy for advanced low rectal cancer. In addition, the correlations between their expression levels, and clinicopathological features and patient prognosis were asessed. LGR5 expression was significantly correlated with lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and tumor node metastasic (TNM) stage. CD133 expression was significantly correlated with vascular invasion and the tumor regression grade. Combined expression was significantly correlated with lymphatic invasion, tumor regression grade and TNM stage, but not with overall, and disease-free survival. LGR5 and CD133 expressions may represent useful markers associated with tumor progression and resistance to chemoradiotherapy in patients with low rectal cancer. Furthermore, combined expression of these markers may be a more useful marker compared with the expression of each single marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Harada
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Kazama
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Teppei Morikawa
- Department of Pathology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Koji Murono
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Koji Yasuda
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kensuke Otani
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Kiyomatsu
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazushige Kawai
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hata
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nozawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hironori Yamaguchi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ishihara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Watanabe
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Kim YS, Kaidina AM, Chiang JH, Yarygin KN, Lupatov AY. Cancer stem cell molecular markers verified in vivo. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW-SUPPLEMENT SERIES B-BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750817010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Fathi A, Mosaad H, Hussein S, Roshdy M, Ismail EI. Prognostic significance of CD133 and ezrin expression in colorectal carcinoma. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:328-340. [PMID: 28261953 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite the improvement in the diagnostic and the therapeutic modalities, colorectal cancer (CRC) morbidity and mortality remain high in both the developed and the developing countries. So, we are in a need to recognize new efficient diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of CRC. That may help in providing individualized targeted therapy for this lethal malignancy. In this study, we investigated the expression and the prognostic significance of CD133 and ezrin mRNA and protein by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis in primary CRC cases and the surrounding normal colonic mucosa. The correlations between the expression of both markers and clinicopathological parameters were performed. Compared to control, the expression of CD133 and ezrin mRNA and protein in CRC were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). In addition, a strong positive correlation between both markers was found (r = 0.867, P < 0.001). Moreover, elevated levels of both markers were significantly associated with the stage, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, and recurrence at both mRNA and protein levels (P < 0.05). In conclusion, there is a clinical significance of CD133 and ezrin as potential biomarkers for predicting CRC patients of aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(5):328-340, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Fathi
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hala Mosaad
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samia Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mona Roshdy
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman I Ismail
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Kazama S, Kishikawa J, Kiyomatsu T, Kawai K, Nozawa H, Ishihara S, Watanabe T. Expression of the stem cell marker CD133 is related to tumor development in colorectal carcinogenesis. Asian J Surg 2017; 41:274-278. [PMID: 28190751 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE CD133 is currently considered the most robust surface marker for colorectal cancer stem cells. Two meta-analysis reports have suggested that CD133 expression is significantly associated with shorter survival, and CD133 may play an important role in the progression of colorectal cancer. However, the role of CD133 in colorectal adenoma has not been fully elucidated. METHODS We used immunohistochemistry to evaluate CD133 expression in 200 endoscopically resected colorectal polyps from 200 patients and 20 normal mucosae between January 1993 and December 1996. RESULTS CD133 staining was positive in 17.9% of the colorectal adenomas. Moreover, CD133 expression was associated with differentiation status (p = 0.003) and tumor size (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION CD133 might play an important role in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Kazama
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Junko Kishikawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Kiyomatsu
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazushige Kawai
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nozawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ishihara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Watanabe
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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Kim YS, Kaidina AM, Chiang JH, Yarygin KN, Lupatov AY. [Molecular markers of cancer stem cells verified in vivo]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2017; 62:228-38. [PMID: 27420613 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20166203228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to analyze molecular markers of cancer stem cells. Only studies that confirmed tumor-initiating capacity of this population by in vivo assay in immunodeficient mice were included. Final sample of papers that fully correspond with initial aim consists of 97 original studies. The results of their analysis reveal that markers commonly used for cancer stem cells deriving were as follows: CD133, СD44, ALDH, CD34, CD24 and EpCAM. The review also contains description of molecular features of some cancer stem cell markers, modern approaches to cancer treatment by targeting this population and brief assessment of cancer stem cell theory development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kim
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Kaidina
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - J H Chiang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - K N Yarygin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Lupatov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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CD133 expression may be useful as a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer, a tool for optimizing therapy and supportive evidence for the cancer stem cell hypothesis: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 7:10023-36. [PMID: 26840260 PMCID: PMC4891101 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a meta-analysis of CD133-related clinical data to investigate the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, analyzing the effectiveness of various therapeutic strategies and examining the validity of the CSC hypothesis. For 28 studies (4546 patients), the relative risk (RR) to survival outcomes associated with CD133+ CRCs were calculated using STATA 12.0 software. Pooled results showed that CD133High patients had poor 5-year overall survival (RR 0.713, 95% CI 0·616-0·826) and 5-year disease free survival (RR 0·707, 95% CI 0·602-0·831). Both associations were consistently observed across different races, research techniques and therapeutic strategies. In a subgroup receiving adjuvant therapy, CD133Low patients achieved significantly better survival than CD133High patients. The findings suggest that CD133 could serve as a predictive marker of poor prognosis and treatment failure in CRC. CD133Low patients could benefit from adjuvant treatments, while CD133High patients should be given novel treatments besides adjuvant therapy. Our results also provide evidence in support of the CSC hypothesis.
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28
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Özgül Özdemir RB, Özdemir AT, Oltulu F, Kurt K, Yiğittürk G, Kırmaz C. A comparison of cancer stem cell markers and nonclassical major histocompatibility complex antigens in colorectal tumor and noncancerous tissues. Ann Diagn Pathol 2016; 25:60-63. [PMID: 27806848 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most fatal types of cancer in both women and men, and, unfortunately, patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with poor prognosis, metastasis, and recurrence, as well as chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. Therefore, different treatment alternatives are needed to facilitate the elimination of CSCs. One such approach is immunotherapy; however, tumor cells can evade immune cells by alteration of the expression patterns of human leukocyte antigens (HLA). In this study, we immunohistochemically investigated the expression patterns of CSC-specific markers CD44, CD133, Nanog, and Oct3/4, and immunosuppressive molecules HLA-G and -E in advanced CRC tumor tissues and noncancerous colon biopsies. We found significantly increased CD44, Nanog, Oct3/4, HLA-G, and HLA-E expression in the CRC tumor tissues compared with the noncancerous colon biopsies. These findings suggest that some tumor cells may be CSC-like and that the increased expression of HLA-G and HLA-E may be considered as an immune-evasive adaptation. Therefore, the nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class Ib antigens HLA-G and HLA-E may be potential targets in the elimination of CRC-CSCs. However, more detailed studies are required to support our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alper Tunga Özdemir
- Ege University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Stem Cell, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Oltulu
- Ege University, Medical School, Department of Histology and Embryology, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kamile Kurt
- Merkezefendi State Hospital, Medical Pathology Laboratory, 45000 Manisa, Turkey
| | - Gürkan Yiğittürk
- Ege University, Medical School, Department of Histology and Embryology, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Kırmaz
- Celal Bayar University, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 45050 Manisa, Turkey
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Shi J, Duan Y, Pan L, Zhou X. Positive association between CD44 gene rs13347 C>T polymorphism and risk of cancer in Asians: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:3493-500. [PMID: 27366086 PMCID: PMC4913543 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s104734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is an important surface marker of cancer stem cells in a variety of tumors. A number of previous studies have been conducted to investigate the association between CD44 gene rs13347 C>T polymorphism and cancer risk in humans; nevertheless, the results remain controversial. We therefore performed this meta-analysis to confirm the role of this polymorphism in susceptibility to human cancer. Materials and methods The studies published up to December 2015 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Twelve eligible case–control studies were identified, involving a total of 6,982 cases and 7,430 controls. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a fixed or random-effect model to estimate the strength of the association. Results The results of the overall analyses indicated that CD44 gene rs13347 polymorphism was significantly associated with cancer risk in Asians (CT vs CC: OR =1.35, 95% CI =1.12–1.62; TT vs CC: OR =1.99, 95% CI =1.52–2.60; TT + CT vs CC: OR =1.41, 95% CI =1.16–1.71; and TT vs CC + CT: OR =1.74, 95% CI =1.41–2.14), especially in Chinese population (CT vs CC: OR =1.42, 95% CI =1.16–1.75; TT vs CC: OR =2.13, 95% CI =1.58–2.86; TT + CT vs CC: OR =1.50, 95% CI =1.21–1.87; and TT vs CC + CT: OR =1.80, 95% CI =1.43–2.26). In stratified analyses by cancer types, there was evidence for an association between this polymorphism and nasopharyngeal cancer and breast cancer, respectively. Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis suggest that the CD44 gene rs13347 C>T polymorphism is associated with elevated risk of human cancer in Asians, especially in Chinese population. Further well-designed studies on a larger population covering other ethnicities should be carried out to validate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinan Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Duan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Expression of CD133 cancer stem cell marker in melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2016; 31:e118-25. [PMID: 27102864 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD133-positive melanoma cells are thought to be melanoma-initiating cells with cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics. Some researchers have reported that CD133-negative subsets can also initiate tumors, so the clinical significance of a CD133-positive subpopulation of cells in melanoma remains controversial. This systematic review was designed to assess the value of CD133 as a CSC marker in melanomas. A meta-analysis was also performed to cumulatively analyze the data on CD133 expression levels in the selected studies. MATERIALS AND METHOD Eligible studies were identified via an electronic search through various databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science (from May 2005 through September 2014) using the following keywords: "CD133 or prominin-1", "cancer stem cells", and "melanoma". Only articles in which CD133 antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) were included. A meta-analysis was performed to identify any association between CD133 expression and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Two hundred and ninety-nine melanoma cases from 5 studies were evaluated for expression levels of CD133 using IHC. Large heterogeneity was observed among the results (p<0.001, I2 = 94%). Approximately 47.9% (95% CI 23.7%-72.1%) of the studied melanoma cases had high CD133 expression. The I2 value and Q-test p value for heterogeneity were 89.0% and <0.001, respectively, and the pooled estimate of CD133 expression was 61.7% (95% CI 25.1%-98.4%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that CD133 is not yet proven to be an appropriate biomarker in identifying CSCs of melanoma. Thus, detection of CD133 in combination with other putative CSC markers may be more valuable for clinical application.
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Kishikawa J, Kazama S, Oba K, Hasegawa K, Anzai H, Harada Y, Abe H, Matsusaka K, Hongo K, Oba M, Yasuda K, Otani K, Nishikawa T, Tanaka T, Tanaka J, Kiyomatsu T, Hata K, Kawai K, Nozawa H, Yamaguchi H, Ishihara S, Sunami E, Ushiku T, Kitayama J, Fukayama M, Kokudo N, Watanabe T. CD133 Expression at the Metastatic Site Predicts Patients' Outcome in Colorectal Cancer with Synchronous Liver Metastasis. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:1916-23. [PMID: 26832881 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD133 is a transmembrane protein that is proposed to be a stem cell marker of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the correlation between CD133 expression and survival of CRC patients with liver metastasis has not been fully examined. METHODS CD133 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically, both in primary tumors and synchronous liver metastases of 88 consecutive CRC patients, as well as recurrent lesions in the remnant liver of 27 of these 88 patients. The relationship between CD133 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival (OS) was analyzed. RESULTS CD133 expression in liver metastases (mCD133) was detected in 50 of 88 patients (56.8 %), and had significant correlation with CD133 expression in primary lesions (pCD133) (p < 0.001). CD133 expression in liver recurrent lesions (recCD133) also had a significant correlation with mCD133 (p < 0.001). mCD133+ patients had significantly longer disease-free survival (p = 0.043) and OS (p = 0.014) than mCD133- patients. In addition, mCD133+ patients had a significantly lower rate of extrahepatic recurrence (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients without CD133 expression in liver metastasis had significantly shorter survival, perhaps because mCD133- patients had a significantly higher rate of extrahepatic recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Kishikawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Kazama
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Oba
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, and Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Anzai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzo Harada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- Department of Pathology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kumiko Hongo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Oba
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Yasuda
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Otani
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichiro Tanaka
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Kiyomatsu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Kawai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nozawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ishihara
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Sunami
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joji Kitayama
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Norihiro Kokudo
- Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Watanabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Ju X, Lan J, Zou H, Li S, Qi Y, Jia W, Hu J, Liang W, Zhang W, Pang L, Li F. Clinicopathological significance of ALDH1A1 in lung, colorectal, and breast cancers: a meta-analysis. Biomark Med 2015; 9:777-90. [PMID: 26230297 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.15.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1) is a putative cancer stem cell marker. This meta-analysis evaluated ALDH1A1 expression's clinicopathological associations with lung cancer (LC), colorectal cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC). MATERIALS & METHODS Publications were retrieved from various databases and assessed for relevance and quality. Relationships between ALDH1A1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated using Review Manager 5.2 software. RESULTS Thirty-eight studies were included (6057 patients). ALDH1A1 expression was significantly associated with the presence of LC; lymph node metastasis, clinical stage and differentiation in LC and BC; and molecular subtype in BC (p < 0.05). There were no significant association with BC tumor size and CRC. CONCLUSION ALDH1A1 may be a stem cell marker in LC and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yixun Wang
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinxin Ju
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiaojiao Lan
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shugang Li
- Department of Public Health, Medical School, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianming Hu
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weihua Liang
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lijuan Pang
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology & Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic & Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Hong I, Hong SW, Chang YG, Lee WY, Lee B, Kang YK, Kim YS, Paik IW, Lee H. Expression of the Cancer Stem Cell Markers CD44 and CD133 in Colorectal Cancer: An Immunohistochemical Staining Analysis. Ann Coloproctol 2015; 31:84-91. [PMID: 26161375 PMCID: PMC4496458 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2015.31.3.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the expressions of CD44 and CD133 in colorectal cancer tissue by using immunohistochemical staining and to analyze the clinical significance of the expressions related to other clinicopathological data and survival results. Methods One hundred sixty-two patients with a biopsy-proven colorectal adenocarcinoma who were operated on between January 1998 and August 2004 were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemical staining for CD44 and CD133 was performed on primary colorectal cancer tissue, metastatic lymph nodes, and synchronous and metachronous metastatic tumor tissues if available. Results CD44 expression was stronger in the primary tumor than in metastatic lymph nodes (P < 0.001), and CD133 expression tended to be stronger in primary tumor than in metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.057). No significant correlation was found between the CD44 and the CD133 expressions. The cases with recurrence showed low expression of CD44 (P = 0.017). CD133 expression was lower in cases with elevated CA 19-9 serum levels (P = 0.028) and advanced T stage (P = 0.038). Multivariate analysis proved that low expression of CD44 was an independent prognosis factor for short disease-free survival (P = 0.028). Conclusion Low CD44 expression was correlated with increased tumor recurrence and short disease-free survival, and low CD133 expression was associated with advanced tumor stage. We suggest that further studies be performed to evaluate whether the immunohistochemical method for determining the CD44 and the CD133 expressions is appropriate for exploring cancer stem-cell biology in patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injae Hong
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Woo Hong
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeo Goo Chang
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byungmo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Kang
- Department of Pathology, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - You Sun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Wook Paik
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyucksang Lee
- Department of Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Clinicopathological significance and prognostic value of the expression of the cancer stem cell marker CD133 in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7623-30. [PMID: 25921286 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To conduct a meta-analysis to assess the association between CD133 expression and clinicopathological significance and prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Studies were identified via an electronic comprehensive literature search through the Pubmed, Chinese CNKI, and Wanfang databases. This meta-analysis was performed using Stata statistical software version 12.0. The outcomes included various clinicopathological and survival parameters (P < 0.05 was consider to indicate a statistical significance). A total of 21 studies comprising 2592 patients were included in this meta-analysis. CD133 overexpression was significantly associated with a series of clinicopathological parameters, such as low tumor differentiation (pooled odds ratio (OR) = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.59-3.21, P < 0.00001), advanced tumor stage (pooled OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.70-2.77, P < 0.00001), vascular invasion (pooled OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.25-3.39, P = 0.005), and vascular thrombosis (pooled OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.08-1.99, P = 0.015). However, CD133 expression was not correlated with hepatitis, cirrhosis, α-fetoprotein level, tumor number, tumor size, encapsulation, or metastasis. Regarding survival outcome, CD133 overexpression was significantly correlated with poor overall survival (pooled hazard ratio (HR) = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.45-2.80, P = 0.00002) and poor disease-free survival (pooled HR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.45-2.29, P < 0.00001). This meta-analysis indicated that CD133 overexpression is significantly associated with clinicopathological factors and poorer survival outcome.
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Zhou Q, Chen A, Song H, Tao J, Yang H, Zuo M. Prognostic value of cancer stem cell marker CD133 in ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:3080-3088. [PMID: 26064196 PMCID: PMC4443030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between CD133 expression and prognosis and clinicopathological features of ovarian cancer. METHODS The electronic and manual searches were performed through the database of PubMed Chinese Wanfang databases (up to September 15, 2014) was performed using the following keywords ovarian cancer, CD133, AC133, prominin-1. Meta-analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.2 and the outcomes included the overall survival and various clinicopathological features. RESULTS A total of 1051 ovarian cancer patients from 8 studies were included. Meta-analysis showed that overexpression of CD133 was highly correlated with reduced 2-year overall survival (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.06-2.63, P = 0.03, fixed-effect). With respect to clinicopathological features, CD133 level was positively correlated with tumor stage (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.12-0.58, P = 0.001 random-effect). But not correlated with patients' age (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.68-1.86, P = 0.65 fixed-effect), tumor grade (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.06-1.62, P = 0.17 random-effect), histological type (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.82-1.47, P = 0.54 fixed-effect) and response to treatment (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.61-1.16, P = 0.29 fixed-effect). CONCLUSION On the basis of current retrospective evidence, the present meta-analysis indicated that high level of CD133 expression trends to correlate with a worse prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang Yichang 443000, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang Yichang 443000, China
| | - Huamei Song
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang Yichang 443000, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang Yichang 443000, China
| | - Huaijie Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang Yichang 443000, China
| | - Manzhen Zuo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The People's Hospital of Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang Yichang 443000, China
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Chen J, Xia Q, Jiang B, Chang W, Yuan W, Ma Z, Liu Z, Shu X. Prognostic Value of Cancer Stem Cell Marker ALDH1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145164. [PMID: 26682730 PMCID: PMC4686173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies have indicated the prognostic and clinicopathological value of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients still remains controversial. Thus we performed this study to clarify the relationship between high ALDH1 expression in CRC and its impact on survival and clinicopathological features. METHODS Publications for relevant studies in Pubmed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) through April 2015 were identified. Only articles describing ALDH1 antigen with immunohistochemistry in CRC were included. The software RevMan 5.1 was used to analyze the outcomes, including 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and clinicopathological features. RESULTS 9 studies with 1203 patients satisfying the criteria were included. The overall rate of high ALDH1 expression was 46.5% by immunohistochemical staining. High ALDH1 expression as an independent prognostic factor was significantly associated with the 5-year OS and DFS (OR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.26-0.68, P = 0.0004; OR = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.24-0.59, P < 0.0001, respectively). High ALDH1 expression was highly correlated with the tumor (T) stage (T3 + T4 vs. T1 + T2; OR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.09-4.28, P = 0.03), lymph node (N) stage (N1 + N2 vs. N0; OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.17-2.79, P = 0.008), and tumor differentiation (G3 vs. G1 + G2; OR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.07-3.30, P = 0.03). However, high ALDH1 expression was not significantly correlated with the patient age (>60 years old vs. <60 years old; OR = 1.11, 95%CI: 0.63-1.94, P = 0.72). CONCLUSIONS High ALDH1 expression indicates a poor prognosis in CRC patients. Moreover, high ALDH1 expression correlates with the T stage, N stage, and tumor differentiation, but not with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhuang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinghua Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weilong Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzheng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijun Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaogang Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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Zheng NG, Mo SJ, Li JP, Wu JL. Anti-CSC Effects in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Eca109/9706 Cells Induced by Nanoliposomal Quercetin Alone or Combined with CD 133 Antiserum. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:8679-84. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.20.8679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Tajima S, Waki M, Tsuchiya T, Hoshi S. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing undifferentiated carcinoma of the colon mimicking a pulmonary giant cell carcinoma: a case showing overexpression of CD44 along with highly proliferating nestin-positive tumor vessels. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:7034-7041. [PMID: 25400792 PMCID: PMC4230158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing tumors are known for their aggressive behavior. Only four cases of G-CSF-producing colorectal carcinoma have been previously reported. Herein, we present a case of an undifferentiated carcinoma of the descending colon showing G-CSF production and giant cell carcinoma morphology in a 93-year-old woman. A tumor with a diameter of 80 mm was identified in the descending colon via computed tomography. Descending colectomy was performed involving the abdominal wall where tumor invasion was observed. The white blood cell count, which was elevated before resection, decreased to normal levels after intervention. However, local recurrence at the resected site was detected 39 days after surgery. Upon recurrence, increased white blood cell counts and serum G-CSF were seen. The patient died because of respiratory failure 98 days after colectomy. By using immunohistochemistry, G-CSF expression was detected in tumor cells in the resected specimen, along with overexpression of CD44 and highly proliferating nestin-positive tumor vessels. The poor clinical outcome of this patient is consistent with previous reports that the expression of these three molecules predict poor prognosis. While G-CSF can be a therapeutic target considering its auto/paracrine function to induce tumor growth via the G-CSF receptor, CD44 and nestin may also be possible candidate therapeutic targets. Further studies are required to assess the efficacy of treatments targeting these three molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Tajima
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General HospitalShizuoka, Japan
| | - Michihiko Waki
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineShizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tsuchiya
- Department of Surgery, Shizuoka Saiseikai General HospitalShizuoka, Japan
| | - Shoji Hoshi
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General HospitalShizuoka, Japan
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Prognostic role of CD44 expression in osteosarcoma: evidence from six studies. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:140. [PMID: 25112408 PMCID: PMC4261773 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-9-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies examining the relationship between CD44 expression and prognostic impact in patients with osteosarcoma have yielded inconclusive results. The aim of this meta-analysis was carried out to investigate the relationship between CD44 expression and the survival in patients with osteosarcoma. Methods We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the prognostic role of CD44 expression on the overall survival rate and metastasis, which compared the positive and negative expression of CD44 in patients of the available studies. Results A detailed search was made in MEDLINE and EMBASE for relevant original articles published in English. Finally, a total of six studies with 329 osteosarcoma patients were involved to estimate the relationship between CD44 expression and metastasis of tumor and overall survival. Positive expressions of CD44 did not predict neoplasm metastasis (RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.00–1.84, P = 0.50), and the results indicated that higher expression of CD44 could not predict poorer survival in osteosarcoma with the pooled HR of 0.55 (95% CI: 0.27–1.13, P = 0.47). Conclusions The findings from this present meta-analysis suggest that CD44 expression is not associated with overall survival rate and metastasis in osteosarcoma. Virtual Slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1373995521295618
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Wu SW, Ma CC, Yang Y. The prognostic value of HER-2/neu overexpression in colorectal cancer: evidence from 16 studies. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:10799-804. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Wu H, Qi XW, Yan GN, Zhang QB, Xu C, Bian XW. Is CD133 expression a prognostic biomarker of non-small-cell lung cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100168. [PMID: 24940615 PMCID: PMC4062503 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical and prognostic significance of CD133 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. To clarify a precise determinant of the clinical significance of CD133, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of CD133 with prognosis and clinicopathological features of NSCLC patients. Methods The electronic and manual searches were performed through the database of Pubmed, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Chinese CNKI (from January 1, 1982 to January 1, 2014) for titles and abstracts by using the following keywords: “CD133”, “ac133” or “Prominin-1”, and “lung cancer” to identify the studies eligible for our analysis. Meta-analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.0 and the outcomes included the overall survival and various clinicopathological features. Results A total of 23 studies were finally included, and our results showed that CD133 level was significantly correlated with the overall survival (OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.24–4.07, P = 0.008) of NSCLC patients but not with the disease free survival (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.77–2.30, P = 0.31). With respect to clinicopathological features, CD133 level was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.06–3.74, P = 0.03), but not correlated with the histological classification (OR = 1.00, 95%CI = 0.81–1.23, P = 0.99(ac), OR = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.61–1.24, P = 0.45(sc)), or differentiation (OR = 0.94, 95%CI 0.53–1.68, Z = 0.20, P = 0.84 random-effect) of NSCLC patients. Conclusion High level of CD133 expression trends to correlate with a worse prognosis and a higher rate of lymph node metastasis in NSCLC patients, revealing CD133 as a potential pathological prognostic marker for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Public Health, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-wei Qi
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang-ning Yan
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-bi Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (QBZ); (CX)
| | - Chuan Xu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (QBZ); (CX)
| | - Xiu-wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
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Luo Z, Wu RR, Lv L, Li P, Zhang LY, Hao QL, Li W. Prognostic value of CD44 expression in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:3632-3646. [PMID: 25120740 PMCID: PMC4128975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD44 is a potentially interesting prognostic marker and therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although the expression of CD44 has been reported to correlate with poor prognosis of NSCLC in most literatures, some controversies still exist. Since the limited patient numbers within independent studies, here we performed a meta-analysis to clarify the correlations between CD44 expression and prognosis and clinicopathological features in NSCLC. METHODS Relevant literatures were identified using PubMed, EMBASE and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases (up to February 2014). Data from eligible studies were extracted and included into meta-analysis using a random effects model. Studies were pooled. Summary hazard ratios (HR) and clinical parameters were calculated. RESULTS We performed a final analysis of 1772 patients from 23 evaluable studies for Prognostic Value and 2167 patients from 28 evaluable studies for clinicopathological features. Our study shows that the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of overexpression CD44-V6 for overall survival in NSCLC was 1.63 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-2.21] by univariate analysis and 1.29 (95% CI: 0.71-2.37) by multivariate analysis.The pooled HR of overexprssion panCD44 for overall survival in NSCLC was 1.53 (95% CI: 0.58-4.04) by univariate analysis and 3.00 (95% CI: 1.53-5.87) by multivariate analysis. Overexpression of CD44-V6 is associated with tumor differentiation (poor differentiation, OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.12-2.45), tumor histological type [squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.63-5.02], clinical TMN stage (TMN stage III, OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.44-3.43) and lymph node metastasis (N1-3, 3.52, 95% CI: 2.08-5.93) in patients with NSCLC. However, there was no significant association between CD44-V6 and tumor size [T category, OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 0.73-2.78]. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis showed that CD44-V6 is an efficient prognostic factor for NSCLC. Overexpression of CD44-V6 was significantly associated with tumor differentiation, tumor histological type, clinical TMN stage and lymph node metastasis. However, there was no significant association between CD44-V6 and tumor size. Large prospective studies are now needed to confirm the clinical utility of CD44 as an independent prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong-Rong Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liang Lv
- Department of Radiology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Radiology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province Affiliated to Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Yan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qing-Lin Hao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, Yunnan, China
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Liu Y, Ma YH, Sun ZZ, Rui YJ, Yin QD, Song S, Wei XM, Liu J, Liu XG, Hu KJ. Effect of c-erbB2 overexpression on prognosis in osteosarcoma: evidence from eight studies. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8939-43. [PMID: 24899264 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
C-erbB2 (HER-2/neu) plays an important role in the progression of several types of cancer by increasing tumor growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis and is associated with poor disease prognosis. Numerous studies examining the relationship between c-erbB2 expression and prognostic impact in patients with osteosarcoma have yielded inconclusive results. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the prognostic role of c-erbB2 expression on 5-year survival, which compared the positive and negative expression of c-erbB2 in patients of the available studies. A detailed search was made in PubMed for relevant original articles published in English. Finally, a total of eight studies with 411 osteosarcoma patients were involved to estimate the relationship between c-erbB2 expression and 5-year overall survival. Positive expressions of c-erbB2 predicted poorer survival in osteosarcoma with the pooled RR of 1.53 (95 % CI 1.20-1.94, P = 0.0006). In conclusion, the findings from this present meta-analysis suggest that c-erbB2 overexpression is related to poor prognostic of osteosarcoma and can be a useful clinical prognostic factor for those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Ninth People's Hospital of Wuxi City, The Affiliated Wuxi Hospital of Soochow University, No.999 Liangxi Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214062, China
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Chai L, Liu H, Zhang Z, Wang F, Wang Q, Zhou S, Wang S. CD44 Expression Is Predictive of Poor Prognosis in Pharyngolaryngeal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2014; 232:9-19. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.232.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University
| | - Zhili Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University
| | - Qingying Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University
| | - Shuihong Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University
| | - Shenqing Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School, Zhejiang University
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Kim KH, Yoo BC, Kim WK, Hong JP, Kim K, Song EY, Lee JY, Cho JY, Ku JL. CD133 and CD133-regulated nucleophosmin linked to 5-fluorouracil susceptibility in human colon cancer cell line SW620. Electrophoresis 2013; 35:522-32. [PMID: 24339132 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known to be resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Specific CSC targeting and eradication is therefore a therapeutically important challenge. CD133 is a colorectal CSC marker with unknown function(s). Assessing proteomic changes induced by CD133 may provide clues not only to new CD133 functions but also to the chemotherapy and radiation susceptibility of colon cancer cells. To identify the proteins affected by CD133, CD133-positive (CD133+), and CD133-negative (CD133-) human colon cancer cells were obtained by cell sorting. Whole proteomes were profiled from SW620/CD133+ and SW620/CD133- cells and analyzed by 2D-based proteome analysis. Nucleophosmin (NPM1) was identified as a protein regulated by CD133. CD133 protein level was not affected by NPM1, and an interaction between the two proteins was not observed. CD133 and NPM1 protein levels were positively correlated in 11 human colon cancer cell lines. The CD133+ subpopulation percentage or its value normalized against CD133 protein level was only linked to intrinsic susceptibility of human colon cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). However, either suppression of CD133 or NPM1 significantly increased 5-FU susceptibility of SW620. The present study suggests that CD133-regulated NPM1 protein level may provide a clue to novel CD133 function(s) linked to human colon cancer cell susceptibility to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hee Kim
- Colorectal Cancer Branch, Division of Translational and Clinical Research I, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kapoor S. Prominin-1 and its role in tumor progression and assessment of clinical prognosis in systemic malignancies. J Breast Cancer 2013; 16:244. [PMID: 23843860 PMCID: PMC3706873 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2013.16.2.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Shafaei S, Sharbatdaran M, Kamrani G, Khafri S. The association between CD166 detection rate and clinicopathologic parameters of patients with colorectal cancer. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2013; 4:768-772. [PMID: 24294471 PMCID: PMC3841777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis and recurrence of colorectal cancer after treatment is attributed to stem cells. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the expression of stem cell marker CD166 in colorectal cancer by immunohistochemistry and clinicopathologic parameters. METHODS From 2006 to 2012, 121 colectomy specimens of patients with colon cancer that were operated in Babol Medical University in Iran were evaluated. The paraffin blocks were extracted from the archive and the slides were prepared and stained for H&E and Immunohistochemical (IHC) methods. The samples with cytoplasmic and/or membranous staining more than 50% of tumor cells were considered as positive. Pathological parameter including type of tumor, stage and grade, vascular invasion and location of the tumors were recoerded. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 58.7±15.1 years. Sixty-four (54.9%) patients were males. Eighty-six (71.1%) subjects were positive for cytoplasmic and 42 (34.7%) for membranous and 42 (34.7%) for both cytoplasmic and membranous staining. The cytoplasmic expression of marker CD166 marker in mucinous type was 10 (50%) and was lower than non-mucinous type 76 (75.2%) (p=0.031). There was significant relationship between membranous expression of CD166 marker and tumor location (right colon in 23(54.8%), left colon in 18 (24.3%)] (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in the expression of marker with other demographic and clinicopathologic variables. CONCLUSION The results show that CD166 expression was seen in more than two-thirds of the patients. The cytoplasmic expression of CD166 marker was higher in non-mucinous type. The distributions of membranous expression of marker CD166 was related more in right colon with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Shafaei
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Majid Sharbatdaran
- Department of Pathology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Soraya Khafri
- Department of Social Medicine and Health, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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