1
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Valencia-Cervantes J, Sierra-Vargas MP. Regulation of Cancer-Associated miRNAs Expression under Hypoxic Conditions. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2024; 2024:5523283. [PMID: 38766303 PMCID: PMC11101257 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5523283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors frequently experience hypoxia or low O2 levels. In these conditions, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is activated and acts as a transcription factor that regulates cancer cell adaptation to O2 and nutrient deprivation. HIF-1α controls gene expression associated with various signaling pathways that promote cancer cell proliferation and survival. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 22-nucleotide noncoding RNAs that play a role in various biological processes essential for cancer progression. This review presents an overview of how hypoxia regulates the expression of multiple miRNAs in the progression of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Valencia-Cervantes
- Departamento de Investigación en Toxicología y Medicina Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Estancias Posdoctorales por México 2022 (1), Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías CONAHCYT, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Martha Patricia Sierra-Vargas
- Departamento de Investigación en Toxicología y Medicina Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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2
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Naeli P, Zhang X, Snell PH, Chatterjee S, Kamran M, Ladak RJ, Orr N, Duchaine T, Sonenberg N, Jafarnejad SM. The SARS-CoV-2 protein NSP2 enhances microRNA-mediated translational repression. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs261286. [PMID: 37732428 PMCID: PMC10617620 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses use microRNAs (miRNAs) to impair the host antiviral response and facilitate viral infection by expressing their own miRNAs or co-opting cellular miRNAs. miRNAs inhibit translation initiation of their target mRNAs by recruiting the GIGYF2-4EHP (or EIF4E2) translation repressor complex to the mRNA 5'-cap structure. We recently reported that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-encoded non-structural protein 2 (NSP2) interacts with GIGYF2. This interaction is critical for blocking translation of the Ifnb1 mRNA that encodes the cytokine interferon β, and thereby impairs the host antiviral response. However, it is not known whether NSP2 also affects miRNA-mediated silencing. Here, we demonstrate the pervasive augmentation of miRNA-mediated translational repression of cellular mRNAs by NSP2. We show that NSP2 interacts with argonaute 2 (AGO2), the core component of the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC), via GIGYF2 and enhances the translational repression mediated by natural miRNA-binding sites in the 3' untranslated region of cellular mRNAs. Our data reveal an additional layer of the complex mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 and likely other coronaviruses manipulate the host gene expression program by co-opting the host miRNA-mediated silencing machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Naeli
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Patric Harris Snell
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Susanta Chatterjee
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Reese Jalal Ladak
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Nick Orr
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Thomas Duchaine
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Seyed Mehdi Jafarnejad
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK
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3
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Abstract
Hypoxia is defined as a cellular stress condition caused by a decrease in oxygen below physiologically normal levels. Cells in the core of a rapidly growing solid tumor are faced with the challenge of inadequate supply of oxygen through the blood, owing to improper vasculature inside the tumor. This hypoxic microenvironment inside the tumor initiates a gene expression program that alters numerous signaling pathways, allowing the cancer cell to eventually evade adverse conditions and attain a more aggressive phenotype. A multitude of studies covering diverse aspects of gene regulation has tried to uncover the mechanisms involved in hypoxia-induced tumorigenesis. The role of epigenetics in executing widespread and dynamic changes in gene expression under hypoxia has been gaining an increasing amount of support in recent years. This chapter discusses, in detail, various epigenetic mechanisms driving the cellular response to hypoxia in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Pant
- Epigenetics and RNA Processing Lab (ERPL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Srinivas Abhishek Mutnuru
- Epigenetics and RNA Processing Lab (ERPL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Epigenetics and RNA Processing Lab (ERPL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, India.
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4
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TARBP2 Suppresses Ubiquitin-Proteasomal Degradation of HIF-1α in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010208. [PMID: 35008634 PMCID: PMC8745112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
TAR (HIV-1) RNA binding protein 2 (TARBP2) is an RNA-binding protein participating in cytoplasmic microRNA processing. Emerging evidence has shown the oncogenic role of TARBP2 in promoting cancer progression, making it an unfavorable prognosis marker for breast cancer. Hypoxia is a hallmark of the tumor microenvironment which induces hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) for transcriptional regulation. HIF-1α is prone to be rapidly destabilized by the ubiquitination–proteasomal degradation system. In this study, we found that TARBP2 expression is significantly correlated with induced hypoxia signatures in human breast cancer tissues. At a cellular level, HIF-1α protein level was maintained by TARBP2 under either normoxia or hypoxia. Mechanistically, TARBP2 enhanced HIF-1α protein stability through preventing its proteasomal degradation. In addition, downregulation of multiple E3 ligases targeting HIF-1α (VHL, FBXW7, TRAF6) and reduced ubiquitination of HIF-1α were also induced by TARBP2. In support of our clinical findings that TARBP2 is correlated with tumor hypoxia, our IHC staining showed the positive correlation between HIF-1α and TARBP2 in human breast cancer tissues. Taken together, this study indicates the regulatory role of TARBP2 in the ubiquitination–proteasomal degradation of HIF-1α protein in breast cancer.
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5
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Zhang H, Laux A, Stenmark KR, Hu CJ. Mechanisms Contributing to the Dysregulation of miRNA-124 in Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083852. [PMID: 33917769 PMCID: PMC8068139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease characterized by the persistent activation of pulmonary vascular cells that exhibit aberrant expression of genes including miRNAs. We and others reported that decreased levels of mature microRNA-124 (miR-124) plays an important role in modulating the activated phenotype of pulmonary vascular cells and HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) can restore the levels of mature miR-124 and reverse the persistently activated phenotype of PH vascular cells. In this study, we sought to determine the mechanisms contributing to reduced levels of miRNAs, as well as how HDACi restores the levels of reduced miRNA in PH vascular cells. We found that pulmonary artery fibroblasts isolated from IPAH patients (PH-Fibs) exhibit reduced levels of mature miR-124 and several other miRNAs including let-7i, miR-224, and miR-210, and that these reduced levels can be restored by HDACi. Using miR-124 expression in human PH-Fibs as a model, we determined that reduced miR-124 gene transcription, not decreased expression of miRNA processing genes, is responsible for reduced levels of mature miR-124 in human PH-Fibs. Using both DNase I Sensitivity and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that the miR-124-1 gene exhibits a more condensed chromatin structure in human PH-Fibs, compared to corresponding controls. HDACi relaxed miR-124-1 chromatin structure, evidenced by increased levels of the open chromatin mark H3K27Ac, but decreased levels of closed chromatin mark H3K27Me3. Most importantly, the delivery of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) via CRISPR-dCas9-HAT and guiding RNAs to the promoter of the miR-124-1 gene increased miR-124-1 gene transcription. Thus, our data indicate epigenetic events play important role in controlling miR-124 and likely other miRNA levels and epigenetic regulators such as HDACs appear to be promising therapeutic targets for chronic PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (H.Z.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Aya Laux
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Kurt R. Stenmark
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (H.Z.); (K.R.S.)
| | - Cheng-Jun Hu
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-303-724-4576; Fax: +1-303-724-4580
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6
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Barreca MM, Zichittella C, Alessandro R, Conigliaro A. Hypoxia-Induced Non-Coding RNAs Controlling Cell Viability in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041857. [PMID: 33673376 PMCID: PMC7918432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a characteristic of the tumour microenvironment, plays a crucial role in cancer progression and therapeutic response. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and HIF-3α), are the master regulators in response to low oxygen partial pressure, modulating hypoxic gene expression and signalling transduction pathways. HIFs’ activation is sufficient to change the cell phenotype at multiple levels, by modulating several biological activities from metabolism to the cell cycle and providing the cell with new characteristics that make it more aggressive. In the past few decades, growing numbers of studies have revealed the importance of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as molecular mediators in the establishment of hypoxic response, playing important roles in regulating hypoxic gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels. Here, we review recent findings on the different roles of hypoxia-induced ncRNAs in cancer focusing on the data that revealed their involvement in tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magdalena Barreca
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.M.B.); (C.Z.); (R.A.)
| | - Chiara Zichittella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.M.B.); (C.Z.); (R.A.)
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.M.B.); (C.Z.); (R.A.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Conigliaro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (M.M.B.); (C.Z.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Patil N, Allgayer H, Leupold JH. MicroRNAs in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1277:1-31. [PMID: 33119862 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50224-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is decisive for the eradication or survival of any tumor mass. Moreover, it plays a pivotal role for metastasis and for providing the metastatic niche. The TME offers special physiological conditions and is composed of, for example, surrounding blood vessels, the extracellular matrix (ECM), diverse signaling molecules, exosomes and several cell types including, but not being limited to, infiltrated immune cells, cancer-associated endothelial cells (CAEs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). These cells can additionally and significantly contribute to tumor and metastasis progression, especially also by acting via their own deregulated micro (mi) RNA expression or activity. Thus, miRNAs are essential players in the crosstalk between cancer cells and the TME. MiRNAs are small non-coding (nc) RNAs that typically inhibit translation and stability of messenger (m) RNAs, thus being able to regulate several cell functions including proliferation, migration, differentiation, survival, invasion, and several steps of the metastatic cascade. The dynamic interplay between miRNAs in different cell types or organelles such as exosomes, ECM macromolecules, and the TME plays critical roles in many aspects of cancer development. This chapter aims to give an overview on the multiple contributions of miRNAs as players within the TME, to summarize the role of miRNAs in the crosstalk between different cell populations found within the TME, and to illustrate how they act on tumorigenesis and the behavior of cells in the TME context. Lastly, the potential clinical utility of miRNAs for cancer therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Patil
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heike Allgayer
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jörg H Leupold
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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8
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Morris NL, Cannon AR, Li X, Choudhry MA. Protective effects of PX478 on gut barrier in a mouse model of ethanol and burn injury. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:1121-1130. [PMID: 32964503 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0820-323rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethanol remains a confounder in postburn pathology, which is associated with an impaired intestinal barrier. Previously, we demonstrated that ethanol and burn injury reduce intestinal oxygen delivery (hypoxia) and alters microRNA (miR) expression in small intestinal epithelial cells. Hypoxia has been shown to influence expression of miRs and miR biogenesis components. Therefore, we examined whether hypoxia influences expression of miR biogenesis components (drosha, dicer, and argonaute-2 [ago-2]) and miRs (-7a and -150) and whether these changes impacted other parameters following ethanol and burn injury. Mice were gavaged with ethanol (∼2.9 g/kg) 4 h before receiving a ∼12.5% total body surface full thickness burn. Mice were resuscitated at the time of injury with normal saline with or without 5 mg/kg PX-478, a hypoxia-inducible factor-1α inhibitor. One day following injury mice were euthanized, and the expression of miRs and their biogenesis components as well as bacterial growth, tight junction proteins, intestinal transit, and permeability were assessed. Ethanol combined with burn injury significantly reduced expression of drosha, ago-2, miRs (-7a and -150), occludin, zonula occludens-1, claudin-4, zonula occludens-1, mucins-2 and -4, and intestinal transit compared to shams. Furthermore, there was an increase in intestinal permeability, total bacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae populations following the combined injury compared to shams. PX-478 treatment improved expression of drosha, ago-2, miRs (-7a and -150), occludin, claudin-4, zonula occludens-1, and mucin-2. PX-478 treatment also improved intestinal transit and reduced dysbiosis and permeability. These data suggest that PX-478 improves miR biogenesis and miR expression, and restores barrier integrity while reducing bacterial dysbiosis following ethanol and burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niya L Morris
- Alcohol Research Program, Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, Illinois, USA.,Integrative Cell Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, Illinois, USA.,Current address: Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep, Emory University/Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Abigail R Cannon
- Alcohol Research Program, Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Alcohol Research Program, Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Mashkoor A Choudhry
- Alcohol Research Program, Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, Illinois, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, Illinois, USA
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9
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Chen PS, Chiu WT, Hsu PL, Lin SC, Peng IC, Wang CY, Tsai SJ. Pathophysiological implications of hypoxia in human diseases. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:63. [PMID: 32389123 PMCID: PMC7212687 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is essentially required by most eukaryotic organisms as a scavenger to remove harmful electron and hydrogen ions or as a critical substrate to ensure the proper execution of enzymatic reactions. All nucleated cells can sense oxygen concentration and respond to reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia). When oxygen delivery is disrupted or reduced, the organisms will develop numerous adaptive mechanisms to facilitate cells survived in the hypoxic condition. Normally, such hypoxic response will cease when oxygen level is restored. However, the situation becomes complicated if hypoxic stress persists (chronic hypoxia) or cyclic normoxia-hypoxia phenomenon occurs (intermittent hypoxia). A series of chain reaction-like gene expression cascade, termed hypoxia-mediated gene regulatory network, will be initiated under such prolonged or intermittent hypoxic conditions and subsequently leads to alteration of cellular function and/or behaviors. As a result, irreversible processes occur that may cause physiological disorder or even pathological consequences. A growing body of evidence implicates that hypoxia plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of major causes of mortality including cancer, myocardial ischemia, metabolic diseases, and chronic heart and kidney diseases, and in reproductive diseases such as preeclampsia and endometriosis. This review article will summarize current understandings regarding the molecular mechanism of hypoxia in these common and important diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pai-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Tai Chiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ling Hsu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - I-Chen Peng
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Yih Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shaw-Jenq Tsai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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10
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Bartoszewski R, Sikorski AF. Editorial focus: understanding off-target effects as the key to successful RNAi therapy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:69. [PMID: 31867046 PMCID: PMC6902517 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the first RNA interference (RNAi) drug (ONPATTRO (patisiran)) on the market, we witness the RNAi therapy field reaching a critical turning point, when further improvements in drug candidate design and delivery pipelines should enable fast delivery of novel life changing treatments to patients. Nevertheless, ignoring parallel development of RNAi dedicated in vitro pharmacological profiling aiming to identify undesirable off-target activity may slow down or halt progress in the RNAi field. Since academic research is currently fueling the RNAi development pipeline with new therapeutic options, the objective of this article is to briefly summarize the basics of RNAi therapy, as well as to discuss how to translate basic research into better understanding of related drug candidate safety profiles early in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksander F. Sikorski
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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11
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Kalinina EV, Ivanova-Radkevich VI, Chernov NN. Role of MicroRNAs in the Regulation of Redox-Dependent Processes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:1233-1246. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919110026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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12
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van der Kwast RVCT, Woudenberg T, Quax PHA, Nossent AY. MicroRNA-411 and Its 5'-IsomiR Have Distinct Targets and Functions and Are Differentially Regulated in the Vasculature under Ischemia. Mol Ther 2019; 28:157-170. [PMID: 31636041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. As microRNAs can target many genes simultaneously, microRNAs can regulate complex multifactorial processes, including post-ischemic neovascularization, a major recovery pathway in cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs select their target mRNAs via full complementary binding with their seed sequence, i.e., nucleotides 2-8 from the 5' end of a microRNA. The exact sequence of a mature microRNA, and thus of its 5' and 3' ends, is determined by two sequential cleavage steps of microRNA precursors, Drosha/DGCR8 and Dicer. When these cleavage steps result in nucleotide switches at the 5' end, forming a so-called 5'-isomiR, this results in a shift in the mature microRNA's seed sequence. The role of 5'-isomiRs in cardiovascular diseases is still unknown. Here, we characterize the expression and function of the 5'-isomiR of miR-411 (ISO-miR-411). ISO-miR-411 is abundantly expressed in human primary vascular cells. ISO-miR-411 has a different "targetome" from WT-miR-411, with only minor overlap. The ISO-miR-411/WT-miR-411 ratio is downregulated under acute ischemia, both in cells and a murine ischemia model, but is upregulated instead in chronically ischemic human blood vessels. ISO-miR-411 negatively influences vascular cell migration, whereas WT-miR-411 does not. Our data demonstrate that isomiR formation is a functional pathway that is actively regulated during ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reginald V C T van der Kwast
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar Woudenberg
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands
| | - A Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2333ZA, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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13
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Zhihua Y, Yulin T, Yibo W, Wei D, Yin C, Jiahao X, Runqiu J, Xuezhong X. Hypoxia decreases macrophage glycolysis and M1 percentage by targeting microRNA-30c and mTOR in human gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2368-2377. [PMID: 31222863 PMCID: PMC6676118 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are essential inflammatory cells which regulate the features of immune reactions within tumors. Many studies have reported their regulatory roles in immunity through cytokines and cell signaling. However, relatively few studies have focused on their metabolic features and mechanisms. We aimed to determine the signaling pathway regulating cell metabolism and the mechanism related to the regulation of human tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in gastric cancer (GC). Tumor-infiltrated macrophages were isolated from human GC tissues using magnetic beads, gene transcription was determined by real-time PCR, protein expression was monitored using western blots, metabolites were determined using HPLC, and transcriptional regulation was analyzed by the luciferase-based reporter gene system. A significant decrease in microRNA (miR)-30c and an increase in regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1 (REDD1) were detected in human GC TAMs, the transcription of miR-30c was negatively correlated with REDD1. MicroRNA-30c expression was suppressed by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation and related to decreased mTOR activity as well as glycolysis in human GC TAMs. Hypoxia-regulated miR-30c downregulated REDD-1 expression by targeting its 3'UTR. Overexpression of miR-30c or restored mTOR activity in macrophages with miR-30cLow expression promoted M1 macrophage differentiation and function in TAMs. Therefore, hypoxia in the human GC microenvironment suppressed the expression of miR-30c, and decreased mTOR activity as well as glycolysis in GC TAMs, thus inhibiting M1 differentiation and function. These results provide a novel metabolic strategy for tumor microenvironment-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhihua
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePeople's Hospital of WujinChangzhouChina
| | - Tan Yulin
- Department of SurgeryPeople's Hospital of WujinChangzhouChina
| | - Wang Yibo
- Department of SurgeryPeople's Hospital of WujinChangzhouChina
| | - Ding Wei
- Department of SurgeryPeople's Hospital of WujinChangzhouChina
| | - Chu Yin
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePeople's Hospital of WujinChangzhouChina
| | - Xu Jiahao
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePeople's Hospital of WujinChangzhouChina
| | - Jiang Runqiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xu Xuezhong
- Department of SurgeryPeople's Hospital of WujinChangzhouChina
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14
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Liu G, Hao P, Xu J, Wang L, Wang Y, Han R, Ying M, Sui S, Liu J, Li X. Upregulation of microRNA-17-5p contributes to hypoxia-induced proliferation in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells through modulation of p21 and PTEN. Respir Res 2018; 19:200. [PMID: 30305109 PMCID: PMC6180506 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation in response to hypoxia plays an important role in the vascular remodelling that occurs in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. MicroRNAs (miRs) are emerging as important regulators in the progression of pulmonary hypertension. In this study, we investigated whether the expression of miR-17-5p is modulated by hypoxia and is involved in the hypoxia-induced proliferation of PASMCs. METHODS Human PASMCs were cultured under hypoxic conditions. miR-17-5p expression was determined by real-time RT-PCR. A BrdU incorporation assay and time-lapse recording were utilized to determine cell proliferation and migration. RESULTS PASMC proliferation was increased by moderate hypoxia (3% oxygen) but was reduced by severe hypoxia (0.1% oxygen) after 48 h. Moderate hypoxia induced miR-17-5p expression. Overexpression of miR-17-5p by transfection with miR-17-5p enhanced cell proliferation and migration in normoxia, whereas knockdown of miR-17-5p with anti-miR-17-5p inhibitors significantly reduced cell proliferation and migration. The expression of miR-17-5p target genes, specifically phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21WAF1/Cip1, p21), was reduced under moderate hypoxia in PASMCs. Under normoxia, overexpression of miR-17-5p in PASMCs reduced the expression of PTEN and p21. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that miR-17-5p might play a significant role in hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by regulating multiple gene targets, including PTEN and p21, and that miR-17-5p could be a novel therapeutic target for the management of hypoxia-induced PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Peng Hao
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Ruifang Han
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Ming Ying
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China.,Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Shuangshuang Sui
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300020, China. .,Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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15
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Bartoszewski R, Sikorski AF. Editorial focus: entering into the non-coding RNA era. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:45. [PMID: 30250489 PMCID: PMC6145373 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in high-throughput genotyping technologies have revealed the existence of several new classes of RNA that do not encode proteins but serve other cellular roles. To date, these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to modulate both gene expression and genome remodeling, thus contributing to the control of both normal and disease-related cellular processes. The attraction of this research topic can be seen in the increasing number of submissions on ncRNAs to molecular biology journals, including Cellular Molecular Biology Letters (CMBL). As researchers attempt to deepen the understanding of the role of ncRNAs in cell biology, it is worth discussing the broader importance of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Bartoszewski
- 1Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksander F Sikorski
- 2Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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16
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Feng F, Zhu X, Wang C, Chen L, Cao W, Liu Y, Chen Q, Xu W. Downregulation of hypermethylated in cancer-1 by miR- 4532 promotes adriamycin resistance in breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:127. [PMID: 30202238 PMCID: PMC6123967 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0616-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs are small RNAs (~ 22 nt) that modulate the expression of thousands of genes in tumors and play important roles in the formation of multidrug resistance. In this study, we firstly investigated that miR-4532 involved in the multidrug resistance formation of breast cancer by targeting hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC-1), a tumor-suppressor gene. Methods To identify and characterize the possible miRNAs in regulating multidrug resistance, we employed the transcriptome sequencing approach to profile the changes in the expression of miRNAs and their target mRNAs were obtained by bioinformatics prediction. Then the molecular biology experiments were conducted to confirm miR-4532 involved in multidrug resistance formation of breast cancer. Results The luciferase reporter assay experiment was employed to confirm that HIC-1 was the target of miR-4532. Transfection with an miR-4532 mimic indicated miR-4532 mimic significantly increased breast cancer cell resistance to adriamycin. Cell proliferation and invasion assay experiments showed overexpression of HIC-1 inhibited the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Meanwhile, the interleukin (IL)-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway was confirmed to be involving in multidrug resistance by western blotting experiments. Conclusions These results suggest that downregulation of hypermethylated in cancer-1 by miR-4532 could promote adriamycin resistance in breast cancer cells, in which the IL-6/STAT3 pathway was regulated by the HIC-1. This finding might contribute to new therapeutic target for reversal of tumor resistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0616-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Feng
- 1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001 People's Republic of China.,2The Medical College of Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Zhu
- 1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- 2The Medical College of Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- 3The Institute of Life Science, Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013 People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Cao
- 1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001 People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- 1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- 1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlin Xu
- 1The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001 People's Republic of China.,2The Medical College of Jiangsu University, 301# Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013 People's Republic of China
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17
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Choudhry H, Harris AL. Advances in Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Biology. Cell Metab 2018; 27:281-298. [PMID: 29129785 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a central regulator for detecting and adapting to cellular oxygen levels, transcriptionally activates genes modulating oxygen homeostasis and metabolic activation. Beyond this, HIF influences many other processes. Hypoxia, in part through HIF-dependent mechanisms, influences epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation and histone acetylation, which modulate hypoxia-responsive gene expression in cells. Hypoxia profoundly affects expression of many noncoding RNAs classes that have clinicopathological implications in cancer. HIF can regulate noncoding RNAs production, while, conversely, noncoding RNAs can modulate HIF expression. There is recent evidence for crosstalk between circadian rhythms and hypoxia-induced signaling, suggesting involvement of molecular clocks in adaptation to fluxes in nutrient and oxygen sensing. HIF induces increased production of cellular vesicles facilitating intercellular communication at a distance-for example, promoting angiogenesis in hypoxic tumors. Understanding the complex networks underlying cellular and genomic regulation in response to hypoxia via HIF may identify novel and specific therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
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18
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Sandiford OA, Moore CA, Du J, Boulad M, Gergues M, Eltouky H, Rameshwar P. Human Aging and Cancer: Role of miRNA in Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1056:137-152. [PMID: 29754179 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-74470-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human aging is an inevitable and complex phenomenon characterized by a progressive, gradual degradation of physiological and cellular processes that leads from vulnerability to death. Mammalian somatic cells display limited proliferative properties in vitro that results in a process of permanent cell cycle arrest commonly known as senescence. Events leading to cellular senescence are complex but may be due to the increase in tumor suppressor genes, caused by lifetime somatic mutations. Cumulative mutation leaves an imprint on the genome of the cell, an important risk factor for the occurrence of cancer. Adults over the age of 65+ are vulnerable to age related diseases such as cancers but such changes may begin at middle age. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNA, can regulate cancer progression, recurrence and metastasis. This chapter discusses the role of miRNA in tumor microenvironment, consequent to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleta A Sandiford
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Caitlyn A Moore
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jun Du
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Mathieu Boulad
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Marina Gergues
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Hussam Eltouky
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ, USA.
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19
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Lai HH, Li JN, Wang MY, Huang HY, Croce CM, Sun HL, Lyu YJ, Kang JW, Chiu CF, Hung MC, Suzuki HI, Chen PS. HIF-1α promotes autophagic proteolysis of Dicer and enhances tumor metastasis. J Clin Invest 2017; 128:625-643. [PMID: 29251629 DOI: 10.1172/jci89212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HIF-1α, one of the most extensively studied oncogenes, is activated by a variety of microenvironmental factors. The resulting biological effects are thought to depend on its transcriptional activity. The RNAse enzyme Dicer is frequently downregulated in human cancers, which has been functionally linked to enhanced metastatic properties; however, current knowledge of the upstream mechanisms regulating Dicer is limited. In the present study, we identified Dicer as a HIF-1α-interacting protein in multiple types of cancer cell lines and different human tumors. HIF-1α downregulated Dicer expression by facilitating its ubiquitination by the E3 ligase Parkin, thereby enhancing autophagy-mediated degradation of Dicer, which further suppressed the maturation of known tumor suppressors, such as the microRNA let-7 and microRNA-200b. Consequently, expression of HIF-1α facilitated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis in tumor-bearing mice. Thus, this study uncovered a connection between oncogenic HIF-1α and the tumor-suppressive Dicer. This function of HIF-1α is transcription independent and occurs through previously unrecognized protein interaction-mediated ubiquitination and autophagic proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Huang Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Ning Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Huang
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hui-Lung Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yu-Jhen Lyu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Wen Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, NCKU Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Chiu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hiroshi I Suzuki
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pai-Sheng Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, NCKU, Tainan, Taiwan
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20
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Romano G, Kwong LN. miRNAs, Melanoma and Microenvironment: An Intricate Network. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112354. [PMID: 29112174 PMCID: PMC5713323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are central players in cancer biology and they play a pivotal role in mediating the network communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment. In melanoma, miRNAs can impair or facilitate a wide array of processes, and here we will focus on: the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), the immune milieu, and metabolism. Multiple miRNAs can affect the EMT process, even at a distance, for example through exosome-mediated mechanisms. miRNAs also strongly act on some components of the immune system, regulating the activity of key elements such as antigen presenting cells, and can facilitate an immune evasive/suppressive phenotype. miRNAs are also involved in the regulation of metabolic processes, specifically in response to hypoxic stimuli where they can mediate the metabolic switch from an oxidative to a glycolytic metabolism. Overall, this review discusses and summarizes recent findings on miRNA regulation in the melanoma tumor microenvironment, analyzing their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Romano
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Lawrence N Kwong
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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21
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Lin HC, Liu SY, Yen EY, Li TK, Lai IR. microRNA-183 Mediates Protective Postconditioning of the Liver by Repressing Apaf-1. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:583-597. [PMID: 27580417 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ischemic postconditioning (iPoC) is known to mitigate ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of the liver, the mechanisms of which remain to be elucidated. This study explored the role of microRNA-183 (miR-183) in the protective mechanism of iPoC. RESULTS Microarray analysis showed miR-183 was robustly expressed in rats' livers with iPoC. miR-183 repressed the mRNA expression of Apaf-1, which is an apoptosis promoting factor. Using an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) injury model in Clone 9 cells, hypoxic postconditioning (HPoC) and an miR-183 mimetic significantly decreased cell death after OGD, but miR-183 inhibitors eliminated the protection of HPoC. The increased expression of Apaf-1 and the downstream activation of capsase-3/9 after OGD were mitigated by HPoC or the addition of miR-183 mimetics, whereas miR-183 inhibitor diminished the effect of HPoC on Apaf-1-caspase signaling. In the in vivo experiment, iPoC and agomiR-183 decreased the expression of serum ALT after liver IR in the mice, but antagomiR-183 mitigated the effect of iPoC. The results of hematoxylin and eosin and TUNEL staining were compatible with the biochemical assay. Moreover, iPoC and agomiR-183 decreased the expression of Apaf-1 and 4-HNE after IR injury in mouse livers, whereas the antagomiR-mediated prevention of miR-183 expression led to increased protein expression of Apaf-1 and 4-HNE in the postischemic livers. INNOVATION Our experiment showed the first time that miR-183 was induced in protective postconditioning and reduced reperfusion injury of the livers via the targeting of apoptotic signaling. CONCLUSION miR-183 mediated the tolerance induced by iPoC in livers via Apaf-1 repressing. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 583-597.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Chen Lin
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan .,2 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yun Liu
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yen Yen
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Kun Li
- 3 Graduate Institute of Microbiology, Medical College, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Rue Lai
- 1 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical College, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan .,4 Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a multifaceted vascular disease where development and severity are determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Over the past decade, there has been an acceleration of the discovery of molecular effectors that mediate PH pathogenesis, including large numbers of microRNA molecules that are expressed in pulmonary vascular cell types and exert system-wide regulatory functions in all aspects of vascular health and disease. Due to the inherent pleiotropy, overlap, and redundancy of these molecules, it has been challenging to define their integrated effects on overall disease manifestation. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the roles of microRNAs in PH with an emphasis on potential methods to discern the hierarchical motifs governing their multifunctional and interconnected activities. Deciphering this higher order of regulatory structure will be crucial for overcoming the challenges of developing these molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic targets, in isolation or combination.
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23
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Ibrahim AA, Schmithals C, Kowarz E, Köberle V, Kakoschky B, Pleli T, Kollmar O, Nitsch S, Waidmann O, Finkelmeier F, Zeuzem S, Korf HW, Schmid T, Weigert A, Kronenberger B, Marschalek R, Piiper A. Hypoxia Causes Downregulation of Dicer in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Which Is Required for Upregulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:3896-3905. [PMID: 28167508 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: A role of Dicer, which converts precursor miRNAs to mature miRNAs, in the tumor-promoting effect of hypoxia is currently emerging in some tumor entities. Its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown.Experimental Design: HepG2 and Huh-7 cells were stably transfected with an inducible Dicer expression vector and were exposed to hypoxia/normoxia. HepG2-Dicer xenografts were established in nude mice; hypoxic areas and Dicer were detected in HCC xenografts and HCCs from mice with endogenous hepatocarcinogenesis; and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry or by immunoblotting. The correlation between Dicer and carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), a marker of hypoxia, was investigated in resected human HCCs.Results: Hypoxia increased EMT markers in vitro and in vivo and led to a downregulation of Dicer in HCC cells. The levels of Dicer were downregulated in hypoxic tumor regions in mice with endogenous hepatocarcinogenesis and in HepG2 xenografts. In human HCCs, the levels of Dicer correlated inversely with those of CA9, indicating that the negative regulation of Dicer by hypoxia also applies to HCC patients. Forced expression of Dicer prevented the hypoxia-induced increase in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), HIF2α, hypoxia-inducible genes (CA9, glucose transporter 1), EMT markers, and cell migration.Conclusions: We here identify downmodulation of Dicer as novel essential process in hypoxia-induced EMT in HCC and demonstrate that induced expression of Dicer counteracted hypoxia-induced EMT. Thus, targeting hypoxia-induced downmodulation of Dicer is a promising novel strategy to reduce HCC progression. Clin Cancer Res; 23(14); 3896-905. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Atef Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,The Immunology and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Therapeutic Chemistry Department, The National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Erik Kowarz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt Biocenter, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Verena Köberle
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bianca Kakoschky
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thomas Pleli
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Otto Kollmar
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, HELIOS Dr. Horst Schmidt-Kliniken, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Scarlett Nitsch
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Oliver Waidmann
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fabian Finkelmeier
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeuzem
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Horst-Werner Korf
- Institute of Anatomy 2, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmid
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bernd Kronenberger
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt Biocenter, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Albrecht Piiper
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
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24
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Zhao C, Isenberg JS, Popel AS. Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Thrombospondin-1 Expression: A Computational Model. PLoS Comput Biol 2017; 13:e1005272. [PMID: 28045898 PMCID: PMC5207393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an important physiological stress signal that drives angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels. Besides an increase in the production of pro-angiogenic signals such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia also stimulates the production of anti-angiogenic signals. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is one of the anti-angiogenic factors whose synthesis is driven by hypoxia. Cellular synthesis of TSP-1 is tightly regulated by different intermediate biomolecules including proteins that interact with hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), transcription factors that are activated by receptor and intracellular signaling, and microRNAs which are small non-coding RNA molecules that function in post-transcriptional modification of gene expression. Here we present a computational model that describes the mechanistic interactions between intracellular biomolecules and cooperation between signaling pathways that together make up the complex network of TSP-1 regulation both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Assisted by the model, we conduct in silico experiments to compare the efficacy of different therapeutic strategies designed to modulate TSP-1 synthesis in conditions that simulate tumor and peripheral arterial disease microenvironment. We conclude that TSP-1 production in endothelial cells depends on not only the availability of certain growth factors but also the fine-tuned signaling cascades that are initiated by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jeffrey S. Isenberg
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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Guo X, Xue H, Guo X, Gao X, Xu S, Yan S, Han X, Li T, Shen J, Li G. MiR224-3p inhibits hypoxia-induced autophagy by targeting autophagy-related genes in human glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41620-37. [PMID: 26536662 PMCID: PMC4747177 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant solid tumor characterized by severe hypoxia. Autophagy plays a protective role in cancer cells under hypoxia. However, the microRNA (miRNA)-related molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-reduced autophagy remain poorly understood in GBM. In this study, we performed a miRNA microarray analysis on GBM cells and found that numerous miRNAs were differentially expressed under hypoxic conditions. Further research showed that miR224-3p, one of the significantly down-regulated miRNAs, was involved in regulating hypoxia-induced autophagy in GBM cells. Overexpression of miR224-3p abolished hypoxia-induced autophagy, whereas knocking down endogenous miR224-3p increased autophagic activity under normoxia. In addition, we demonstrated that miR224-3p inhibited autophagy by directly suppressing the expression of two autophagy-related genes (ATGs), ATG5 and FAK family-interacting protein of 200 kDa (FIP200). Furthermore, in vitro, miR224-3p attenuated cell proliferation and promoted hypoxia-induced apoptosis, and in vivo, overexpression of miR224-3p inhibited tumorigenesis of GBM cells. Collectively, our study identified a novel hypoxia-down-regulated miRNA, miR224-3p, as a key modulator of autophagy by inhibiting ATGs in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Shugang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Shaofeng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China.,Brian Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
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26
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Wu D, Chen B, Cui F, He X, Wang W, Wang M. Hypoxia-induced microRNA-301b regulates apoptosis by targeting Bim in lung cancer. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:476-83. [PMID: 27352910 PMCID: PMC6495957 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Worldwide, lung cancer accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has increasingly been reported to be associated with tumour progression. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-301b in regulating apoptosis in lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of miR-301b was assessed by real-time PCR in cell lines, human patient tissues and cells treated under hypoxia and DMOG. Scramble siRNA, miR-301b inhibitor and miR-301b mimics were transfected into lung cancer cells to determine their effects on apoptosis. Additionally, a mouse xenograft model was used to explore functions of miR-301b on apoptosis, in vivo. Finally, relationships between Bim and miR-301b levels were explored by luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting. RESULTS We found that miR-301b was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Expression of miR-301b was induced by hypoxia, and miR-301b suppressed expression of Bim by targeting its 3'UTR. Functionally, ectopic expression of miR-301b enhanced cell population growth, reduced apoptosis and reduced sensitivity of cells to chemotherapy. In the xenograft model, overexpression of miR-301b promoted tumour growth. Additionally, miR-301b and Bim expression were inversely correlated in clinical lung cancer samples. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the function of miRNA-301b in lung cancer and suggests that miRNA-301b could be a potential molecular target for chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoguang Wu
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Baishen Chen
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fei Cui
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaotian He
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of OncologyNanfangHospital Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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27
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Hu J, Sun T, Wang H, Chen Z, Wang S, Yuan L, Liu T, Li HR, Wang P, Feng Y, Wang Q, McLendon RE, Friedman AH, Keir ST, Bigner DD, Rathmell J, Fu XD, Li QJ, Wang H, Wang XF. MiR-215 Is Induced Post-transcriptionally via HIF-Drosha Complex and Mediates Glioma-Initiating Cell Adaptation to Hypoxia by Targeting KDM1B. Cancer Cell 2016; 29:49-60. [PMID: 26766590 PMCID: PMC4871949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxic tumor microenvironment serves as a niche for maintaining the glioma-initiating cells (GICs) that are critical for glioblastoma (GBM) occurrence and recurrence. Here, we report that hypoxia-induced miR-215 is vital for reprograming GICs to fit the hypoxic microenvironment via suppressing the expression of an epigenetic regulator KDM1B and modulating activities of multiple pathways. Interestingly, biogenesis of miR-215 and several miRNAs is accelerated post-transcriptionally by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) through HIF-Drosha interaction. Moreover, miR-215 expression correlates inversely with KDM1B while correlating positively with HIF1α and GBM progression in patients. These findings reveal a direct role of HIF in regulating miRNA biogenesis and consequently activating the miR-215-KDM1B-mediated signaling required for GIC adaptation to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zhengxin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Lifeng Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Tingyu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hai-Ri Li
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yukuan Feng
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Anatomy, Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province 157011, China
| | - Qinhong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Roger E McLendon
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Allan H Friedman
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Stephen T Keir
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Darell D Bigner
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jeff Rathmell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Fu
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Qi-Jing Li
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Huibo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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28
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Gurianova V, Stroy D, Ciccocioppo R, Gasparova I, Petrovic D, Soucek M, Dosenko V, Kruzliak P. Stress response factors as hub-regulators of microRNA biogenesis: implication to the diseased heart. Cell Biochem Funct 2015; 33:509-18. [PMID: 26659949 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of heart function and then an intriguing therapeutic target for plenty of diseases. The problem raised is that many data in this area are contradictory, thus limiting the use of miRNA-based therapy. The goal of this review is to describe the hub-mechanisms regulating the biogenesis and function of miRNAs, which could help in clarifying some contradictions in the miRNA world. With this scope, we analyse an array of factors, including several known agents of stress response, mediators of epigenetic changes, regulators of alternative splicing, RNA editing, protein synthesis and folding and proteolytic systems. All these factors are important in cardiovascular function and most of them regulate miRNA biogenesis, but their influence on miRNAs was shown for non-cardiac cells or some specific cardiac pathologies. Finally, we consider that studying the stress response factors, which are upstream regulators of miRNA biogenesis, in the diseased heart could help in (1) explaining some contradictions concerning miRNAs in heart pathology, (2) making the role of miRNAs in pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease more clear, and therefore, (3) getting powerful targets for its molecular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Gurianova
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Stroy
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Clinica Medica I; Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Italy
| | - Iveta Gasparova
- Institute of Biology, Genetics and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Petrovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miroslav Soucek
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, St. Anne's University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Victor Dosenko
- Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, St. Anne's University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Laboratory of Structural Biology and Proteomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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29
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Zhao C, Popel AS. Computational Model of MicroRNA Control of HIF-VEGF Pathway: Insights into the Pathophysiology of Ischemic Vascular Disease and Cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004612. [PMID: 26588727 PMCID: PMC4654485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
HRMs (hypoxia-responsive miRNAs) are a specific group of microRNAs that are regulated by hypoxia. Recent studies revealed that several HRMs including let-7 family miRNAs were highly induced in response to HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor) stabilization in hypoxia, and they potently participated in angiogenesis by targeting AGO1 (argonaute 1) and upregulating VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). Here we constructed a novel computational model of microRNA control of HIF-VEGF pathway in endothelial cells to quantitatively investigate the role of HRMs in modulating the cellular adaptation to hypoxia. The model parameters were optimized and the simulations based on these parameters were validated against several published in vitro experimental data. To advance the mechanistic understanding of oxygen sensing in hypoxia, we demonstrated that the rate of HIF-1α nuclear import substantially influences its stabilization and the formation of HIF-1 transcription factor complex. We described the biological feedback loops involving let-7 and AGO1 in which the impact of external perturbations were minimized; as a pair of master regulators when low oxygen tension was sensed, they coordinated the critical process of VEGF desuppression in a controlled manner. Prompted by the model-motivated discoveries, we proposed and assessed novel pathway-specific therapeutics that modulate angiogenesis by adjusting VEGF synthesis in tumor and ischemic cardiovascular disease. Through simulations that capture the complex interactions between miRNAs and miRNA-processing molecules, this model explores an innovative perspective about the distinctive yet integrated roles of different miRNAs in angiogenesis, and it will help future research to elucidate the dysregulated miRNA profiles found in cancer and various cardiovascular diseases. Cells living in a hypoxic environment secrete signals to stimulate new blood vessel growth, a process termed angiogenesis, to acquire more oxygen and nutrients. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) accumulates in hypoxia and expedites the release of pro-angiogenic cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a prime inducer of angiogenesis. The intermediate signaling events connecting HIF-1 and VEGF are tightly controlled by microRNAs (miRs), which are endogenous, non-coding RNA molecules and powerful regulators in cancer and cardiovascular disease. Given the importance of angiogenesis in tumor development and post-ischemia reperfusion, it holds great basic research and therapeutic value to investigate how miRs modulate intracellular VEGF synthesis to control angiogenesis in hypoxia. We present a computational model that details the interactions between miRs and other key molecules which make up different hierarchies in HIF-miR-VEGF pathway. Based on simulation analysis, new potential therapies are introduced and tested in silico, from which the strategies that most effectively reduce VEGF synthesis in cancer, or enhance VEGF release in ischemic vascular disease are identified. We conclude that in hypoxia different miRs work consonantly to fine-tune the cellular adaptations; when a master miR alters its expression, dynamics of other miRs vary accordingly which together contribute to aberrant RNA/protein profiles observed in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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30
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Wozniak M, Sztiller-Sikorska M, Czyz M. Diminution of miR-340-5p levels is responsible for increased expression of ABCB5 in melanoma cells under oxygen-deprived conditions. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:707-16. [PMID: 26554847 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is usually highly refractory to chemotherapy. This resistance to treatment is mainly due to high heterogeneity and plasticity of melanoma cells strictly connected to changes in tumor microenvironment. Hypoxia can drastically alter cancer biology. Solid tumor cells under hypoxia gain stem-like features, they are more invasive and drug-resistant than their normoxic counterparts. These effects could be mediated by changes in miRNA expression under hypoxia. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that can negatively control gene expression. In the present study using microarray technology we evaluated the expression of miRNAs in melanoma cells derived from nodular melanoma and grown under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Using R environment for statistical analysis we found that 70 miRNAs were differentially-expressed, and 16 of them were significantly down-regulated in melanoma cells grown in hypoxic conditions compared to cells grown in normoxia. We intended to find transcripts whose expression is increased due to down-regulation of selected miRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that increased levels of HIF-2α, ABCB5, OCT4, SOX2 and ZEB1 in different melanoma populations under hypoxia could be a result of significant down-regulation of miR-340-5p. Inhibition of miR-340-5p confirmed that this miRNA negatively influences the expression of ABCB5. This is the first study showing the relationship between miR-340-5p and expression of ABCB5, a transmembrane transporter involved in drug resistance considered as a marker of melanoma stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Wozniak
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Sztiller-Sikorska
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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31
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Battistella M, Marsden PA. Advances, nuances, and potential pitfalls when exploiting the therapeutic potential of RNA interference. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 97:79-87. [PMID: 25670385 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) holds the potential to alter the paradigm of medical therapeutics. With the ability to selectively silence the function of a gene, RNAi not only provides an indispensable research tool for determining the function of a gene, but also offers potential for the development of novel therapeutics that will inhibit specific genes involved in disease. New concepts in therapeutics have been uncovered through the study of RNAi. Nuances have emerged. For instance, global RNAi pathways can be affected by somatic mutations in cancer and cellular stress, such as hypoxia. Also, viral gene therapy can have unexpected effects on endogenous short noncoding RNA pathways. Therefore, it is important to understand where RNAi therapeutics enter the processing pathways. We highlight the evolving use of RNAi as a new class of therapeutics, such as for amyloidosis, and address some of the anticipated challenges associated with its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Battistella
- University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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32
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Posttranscriptional adaptations of the vascular endothelium to hypoxia. Curr Opin Hematol 2015; 22:243-51. [PMID: 25767954 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Remarkable new advances have been made in the field of posttranscriptional gene regulation over recent years. These include the revelation of noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs, antisense transcripts and their interactions with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the context of both health and disease settings, such as hypoxia. In particular, these discoveries bear much relevance to the field of vascular biology, which historically has focused upon transcriptional processes. Thus, the contributions of these posttranscriptional gene regulatory mechanisms to vascular and endothelial biology represent a newer concept that warrants discussion. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have revealed two emerging themes that are critical to endothelial/vascular biology and function. First is the functional integration between the microRNA pathway and the cellular hypoxic response, which, in addition to specific microRNAs, involves key components of the microRNA biogenesis machinery. A key concept here is the regulation of a master transcriptional programme through posttranscriptional mechanisms. The second major theme involves the dynamic interactions between RBPs, microRNAs and antisense RNAs. The condition-dependent collaborations and competitions between these different classes of posttranscriptional regulators reveal a critical layer of control for gene expression. SUMMARY Taken together, these findings bear significant diagnostic and therapeutic implications for vascular disease.
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