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Li H, Ma T, Hao M, Guo W, Gu J, Zhang X, Wei L. Decoding functional cell-cell communication events by multi-view graph learning on spatial transcriptomics. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad359. [PMID: 37824741 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell communication events (CEs) are mediated by multiple ligand-receptor (LR) pairs. Usually only a particular subset of CEs directly works for a specific downstream response in a particular microenvironment. We name them as functional communication events (FCEs) of the target responses. Decoding FCE-target gene relations is: important for understanding the mechanisms of many biological processes, but has been intractable due to the mixing of multiple factors and the lack of direct observations. We developed a method HoloNet for decoding FCEs using spatial transcriptomic data by integrating LR pairs, cell-type spatial distribution and downstream gene expression into a deep learning model. We modeled CEs as a multi-view network, developed an attention-based graph learning method to train the model for generating target gene expression with the CE networks, and decoded the FCEs for specific downstream genes by interpreting trained models. We applied HoloNet on three Visium datasets of breast cancer and liver cancer. The results detangled the multiple factors of FCEs by revealing how LR signals and cell types affect specific biological processes, and specified FCE-induced effects in each single cell. We conducted simulation experiments and showed that HoloNet is more reliable on LR prioritization in comparison with existing methods. HoloNet is a powerful tool to illustrate cell-cell communication landscapes and reveal vital FCEs that shape cellular phenotypes. HoloNet is available as a Python package at https://github.com/lhc17/HoloNet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Li
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianxing Ma
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Division of BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Minsheng Hao
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Division of BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenbo Guo
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Division of BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin Gu
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Division of BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuegong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Division of BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Wei
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Division of BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Kang SU, Cho SY, Jeong H, Han J, Chae HY, Yang H, Sung CO, Choi YL, Shin YK, Kwon MJ. Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11) in macrophages promotes the migration of HER2-positive breast cancer cells and monocyte recruitment through CCL2-CCR2 signaling. J Transl Med 2022; 102:376-390. [PMID: 34775491 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00699-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11), a member of the MMP family involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix, has been implicated in cancer progression. Despite the stromal expression of MMP11 in breast cancer, the prognostic significance and role of MMP11 in immune or stromal cells of breast cancer remain unclear. Based on the immunohistochemical analysis of breast cancer tissues from 497 patients, we demonstrated that MMP11 expression in mononuclear inflammatory cells (predominantly macrophages) is an independent negative prognostic factor in breast cancer, whereas MMP11 expression in tumor cells and fibroblasts is not associated with patient survival. Enforced MMP11 expression in breast cancer cells did not promote cell proliferation and migration. However, MMP11-overexpressing macrophages enhanced the migration of HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer cells, recruitment of monocytes, and tube formation of endothelial cells. Furthermore, we found that the chemokine CCL2 secreted from MMP11-overexpressing macrophages activated the MAPK pathway via its receptor CCR2 in breast cancer cells, thereby promoting the migration of HER2+ breast cancer cells through MMP9 upregulation. We also found that MMP11 expression in macrophages was stimulated by MMP11-overepressing HER2+ breast cancer cells. Collectively, our findings provide evidence that MMP11 in macrophages may play a pro-tumoral role in HER2+ breast cancer through interaction with cancer cells, monocytes, and endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ung Kang
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Youn Cho
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojin Jeong
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinil Han
- Gencurix, Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Yeong Chae
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hobin Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ohk Sung
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Cancer Genomics and Molecular Pathology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kee Shin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Genomics, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Kwon
- Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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The tamoxifen-regulated, long non-coding RNA LINC00992 affects proliferation, migration, and expression of tamoxifen resistance-associated genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2022; 26:294-305. [PMID: 36816389 PMCID: PMC9933353 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2023.125000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tamoxifen-adapted MCF-7 breast cancer cells (MCF-7-TAM-R) are a model for acquired tamoxifen resistance in oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. In this system, the expression of long-non-coding RNA LINC00992 is decreased. LINC00992 might therefore contribute to tamoxifen adaption and associated gene expres-sion changes. Here, we investigated whether a modulation of LINC00992 modifies gene expression, proliferation, and migration. Material and methods Up- and down-- regulation of LINC00992 was performed using plasmid vectors and siRNA. Gene expression was measured via nCounter® and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Database analysis was performed using GEPIA2 and cBioportal. Furthermore, we performed scratch assays, colony-forming assays, and proliferation assays with MCF-7 and MCF-7-TAM-R after up-regulation of LINC00992. Results Up- and down-regulation of LINC00992 caused gene expression changes in 4 of the 42 tamoxifen-regulated genes tested. Especially ubiquitin D, single-minded homologue 1 (SIM1) carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 and the G-protein coupled oestrogen receptor 1 were affected. In tamoxifen-adapted MCF-7-TAM-R cells, LINC00992 overexpression resulted in augmented viability and proliferation and enhanced migration. Database analyses revealed that luminal breast cancers have increased expression of LINC00992 compared to Her2-type/neu- or basal type. Furthermore, higher expression of LINC00992 was associated with poor prognosis in luminal-A carcinomas. Conclusions Changes in the expression of tamoxifen-regulated genes could be induced by manipulating LINC00992's abundance, suggesting that it is at least partially involved in the establishment of the tamoxifen-induced gene expression pattern. LINC00992 may also serve as a prognostic biomarker and may indicate the development of tamoxifen resistance.
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Javadian M, Gharibi T, Shekari N, Abdollahpour‐Alitappeh M, Mohammadi A, Hossieni A, Mohammadi H, Kazemi T. The role of microRNAs regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in breast cancer development, progression, and metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5399-5412. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Javadian
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Tohid Gharibi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
| | - Najibeh Shekari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Ali Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
| | - Arezoo Hossieni
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
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Verdonck M, Denayer A, Delvaux B, Garaud S, De Wind R, Desmedt C, Sotiriou C, Willard-Gallo K, Goormaghtigh E. Characterization of human breast cancer tissues by infrared imaging. Analyst 2017; 141:606-19. [PMID: 26535413 DOI: 10.1039/c5an01512j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled to microscopy (IR imaging) has shown unique advantages in detecting morphological and molecular pathologic alterations in biological tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of IR imaging as a diagnostic tool to identify characteristics of breast epithelial cells and the stroma. In this study a total of 19 breast tissue samples were obtained from 13 patients. For 6 of the patients, we also obtained Non-Adjacent Non-Tumor tissue samples. Infrared images were recorded on the main cell/tissue types identified in all breast tissue samples. Unsupervised Principal Component Analyses and supervised Partial Least Square Discriminant Analyses (PLS-DA) were used to discriminate spectra. Leave-one-out cross-validation was used to evaluate the performance of PLS-DA models. Our results show that IR imaging coupled with PLS-DA can efficiently identify the main cell types present in FFPE breast tissue sections, i.e. epithelial cells, lymphocytes, connective tissue, vascular tissue and erythrocytes. A second PLS-DA model could distinguish normal and tumor breast epithelial cells in the breast tissue sections. A patient-specific model reached particularly high sensitivity, specificity and MCC rates. Finally, we showed that the stroma located close or at distance from the tumor exhibits distinct spectral characteristics. In conclusion FTIR imaging combined with computational algorithms could be an accurate, rapid and objective tool to identify/quantify breast epithelial cells and differentiate tumor from normal breast tissue as well as normal from tumor-associated stroma, paving the way to the establishment of a potential complementary tool to ensure safe tumor margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Verdonck
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - A Denayer
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - B Delvaux
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - S Garaud
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R De Wind
- Pathological Anatomy Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Desmedt
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Willard-Gallo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Goormaghtigh
- Laboratory of Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Pal SK, Nguyen CTK, Morita KI, Miki Y, Kayamori K, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. THBS1 is induced by TGFB1 in the cancer stroma and promotes invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 45:730-739. [PMID: 26850833 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND THBS1 (thrombospondin-1) is the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that affects diverse cellular activities. It constitutes the tumor stroma, but the role of THBS1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the relevance of THBS1 in the pathogenesis of OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of THBS1 was examined in 44 OSCC by immunohistochemical analysis and in 43 OSCC by cDNA microarray analysis. Cell culture experiments were conducted using human OSCC cell lines HSC3 and HO1N1 and mouse fibroblast ST2 cells to examine the effect of TGFB1 on THBS1 expression, and the effect of THBS1 on cellular behaviors. RESULTS THBS1 was specifically induced in the tumor microenvironment of OSCC. THBS1 appeared to be produced mainly by the stromal cells, but also by OSCC cells. TGFB1 stimulated THBS1 expression in ST2, primary fibroblasts, and the OSCC cells. THBS1 promoted migration and invasion of HSC3 and HO1N1 in transwell migration assays. THBS1 stimulated the expression of MMP3 (matrix metalloprotease 3), MMP9, MMP11, and MMP13 in ST2 cells and MMP3, MMP11, and MMP13 in HO1N1 cells. The RGD peptide suppressed the THBS1-stimulated migration and upregulation of MMP11 and MMP13. CONCLUSIONS THBS1 is a tumor-specific ECM protein that is induced by TGFB1 and promotes migration of cancer cells and stimulates the expression of MMPs partly through the integrin signaling, thereby favoring OSCC invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichi Morita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Global Center of Excellence (GCOE) Program, International Research Center for Molecular Science in Tooth and Bone Diseases, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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MicroRNA-145 functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 11 and Rab GTPase family 27a in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2016; 23:258-65. [PMID: 27364572 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2016.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although increasing evidence has documented that microRNA-145 (miR-145) acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, its exact role in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains poorly defined. In this study, the expression of miR-145 in human TNBC cells and samples from 30 patients was analyzed by stem-loop real-time PCR. We found that miR-145 was significantly downregulated in TNBC tissues and cells. Upregulating miR-145 in HCC1937 cells dramatically suppressed cell proliferation and induced G1-phase arrest, whereas MDA-MB-231 cells did not show growth inhibition. MiR-145 exhibited an inhibitory role in cell invasion through the post-transcriptional regulation of the novel targets MMP11 and Rab27a in TNBC cells. Additionally, miR-145 silencing could be reversed by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC). These results demonstrated that miR-145 has an inhibitory role in TNBC malignancy by targeting MMP11 and Rab27a, which might be potential therapeutic and diagnostic targets for TNBC.
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Zhang X, Huang S, Guo J, Zhou L, You L, Zhang T, Zhao Y. Insights into the distinct roles of MMP-11 in tumor biology and future therapeutics (Review). Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1783-93. [PMID: 26892540 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological processes of cancer cells such as tumorigenesis, proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis and invasion are greatly influenced by the surrounding microenvironment. The ability of solid malignant tumors to alter the microenvironment represents an important characteristic through which tumor cells are able to acquire specific functions necessary for their malignant biological behaviors. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases with the capacity of remodeling extracellular matrix (ECM) by degrading almost all ECM proteins, which plays essential roles during the invasion and metastasis process of solid malignant tumors, including allowing tumor cells to modify the ECM components and release cytokines, ultimately facilitating protease-dependent tumor progression. MMP-11, also named stromelysin-3, is a member of the stromelysin subgroup belonging to MMPs superfamily, which has been detected in cancer cells, stromal cells and adjacent microenvironment. Differently, MMP-11 exerts a dual effect on tumors. On the one hand MMP-11 promotes cancer development by inhibiting apoptosis as well as enhancing migration and invasion of cancer cells, on the other hand MMP-11 plays a negative role against cancer development via suppressing metastasis in animal models. Overexpression of MMP-11 was discovered in sera of cancer patients compared with normal control group as well as in multiple tumor tissue specimens, such as gastric cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer. At present, some evidence supports that MMP-11 may work as a significant tumor biomarker for early detection of cancer, tumor staging, prognostic analysis, monitoring recurrence during follow-up and also a potential target for immunotherapy against cancer. In view of the importance of MMP-11 in modifying tumor microenvironment and potent antitumoral effects on solid tumors, there is an urgent need for a deeper understanding of how MMP-11 modulates tumor progression, and exploring its potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Junchao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Kou YB, Zhang SY, Zhao BL, Ding R, Liu H, Li S. Knockdown of MMP11 inhibits proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2013; 26:361-70. [PMID: 23755751 DOI: 10.1177/039463201302600209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11 or stromelysin-3) has recently been reported to play a crucial role in the development and progression of multiple malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of MMP11 expression in human gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Using immunohistochemistry assay, we studied the expression level of MMP11 in GAC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCT). The association between MMP11 expression and tumor size and pathological grade, as well as metastatic potential was analyzed. Through small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated MMP11 knockdown in SGC-7901 GAC cells, we observed the changes of the biological behaviors of GAC cells. Our results indicated that the rate of positive expression of MMP11 was higher in GAC tissues than in ANCT (55.0 vs 30.0 percent, P=0.025). MMP11 expression had no association with the factors of age or gender of the GAC patients, or the size, pathological staging and lymph node metastases of the tumors (each P greater than 0.05). Furthermore, MMP11 knockdown inhibited the proliferative activities and invasive potential of SGC-7901 GAC cells with decreased expression of IGF-1, PCNA and VEGF. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that MMP11 expression was increased in GAC tissues, but did not correlate with the clinicopathologic features. Knockdown of MMP11 expression could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of GAC cells probably through down-regulation of the IGF-1 signaling pathway, suggesting that MMP11 might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-B Kou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baoshan Branch Hospital, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chung SS, Koh CJ. Bladder cancer cell in co-culture induces human stem cell differentiation to urothelial cells through paracrine FGF10 signaling. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2013; 49:746-51. [PMID: 23949743 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) is required for embryonic epidermal morphogenesis including brain development, lung morphogenesis, and initiation of limb bud formation. In this study, we investigated the role of FGF10 as a lead induction factor for stem cell differentiation toward urothelial cell. To this end, human multipotent stem cell in vitro system was employed. Human amniotic fluid stem cells were co-cultured with immortalized bladder cancer lines to induce directed differentiation into urothelial cells. Urothelial markers, uroplakin II, III, and cytokeratin 8, were monitored by RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot analysis. Co-cultured stem cells began to express uroplakin II, III, and cytokeratin 8. Targeted FGF10 gene knockdown from bladder cancer cells abolished the directed differentiation. In addition, when FGF10 downstream signaling was blocked with the Mek inhibitor, the co-culture system lost the capacity to induce urothelial differentiation. Exogenous addition of recombinant FGF10 protein promoted stem cell differentiation into urothelium cell lineage. Together, this report suggests that paracrine FGF10 signaling stimulates the differentiation of human stem cell into urothelial cells. Current study provides insight into the potential role of FGF10 as a lead growth factor for bladder regeneration and its therapeutic application for bladder transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyung S Chung
- Developmental Biology Program, Saban Institute for Research, Children's Hospital in L.A. Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90027, CA, USA,
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11
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Min KW, Kim DH, Do SI, Pyo JS, Kim K, Chae SW, Sohn JH, Oh YH, Kim HJ, Choi SH, Choi YJ, Park CH. Diagnostic and prognostic relevance of MMP-11 expression in the stromal fibroblast-like cells adjacent to invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Ann Surg Oncol 2012; 20 Suppl 3:S433-42. [PMID: 23115007 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-012-2734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP-11) is a matrix degrading enzyme known to be involved in the remodeling of extracellular matrix proteins. This enzyme recently has been reported to play a key role in tumor progression and results in poor clinical outcomes for several different types of tumors. METHODS A total of 192 patients diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma between 2000 and 2005 were included in this study. MMP-11 expression in tumors and stromal fibroblast-like cells was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining on a tissue microarray. Subsequently, evaluation of the associations between MMP-11 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was performed. RESULTS MMP-11 expression of stromal fibroblast-like cells was correlated with prognostic factors, including tumor size, metastasis, histological grade, central tumor fibrosis, p53 expression, and luminal A subtype and was linked to therapeutic markers, such as ER and HER2 (all p < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between worse overall survival and MMP-11 expression in both tumors and stromal fibroblast-like cells (all p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, MMP-11 expression of stromal fibroblast-like cells was still significantly associated with poor prognosis (p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS MMP-11 expression was significantly related to clinicopathological parameters, which may be essential to the prediction of disease outcome in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyueng-Whan Min
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Kaur P, Ward B, Saha B, Young L, Groshen S, Techy G, Lu Y, Atkinson R, Taylor CR, Ingram M, Imam SA. Human breast cancer histoid: an in vitro 3-dimensional co-culture model that mimics breast cancer tissue. J Histochem Cytochem 2011; 59:1087-100. [PMID: 22034518 DOI: 10.1369/0022155411423680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress in our understanding of heterotypic cellular interaction in the tumor microenvironment, which is recognized to play major roles in cancer progression, has been hampered due to unavailability of an appropriate in vitro co-culture model. The aim of this study was to generate an in vitro 3-dimensional human breast cancer model, which consists of cancer cells and fibroblasts. Breast cancer cells (UACC-893) and fibroblasts at various densities were co-cultured in a rotating suspension culture system to establish co-culture parameters. Subsequently, UACC-893, BT.20, or MDA.MB.453 were co-cultured with fibroblasts for 9 days. Co-cultures resulted in the generation of breast cancer histoid (BCH) with cancer cells showing the invasion of fibroblast spheroids, which were visualized by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of sections (4 µm thick) of BCH. A reproducible quantitative expression of C-erbB.2 was detected in UACC-893 cancer cells in BCH sections by IHC staining and the Automated Cellular Imaging System. BCH sections also consistently exhibited qualitative expression of pancytokeratins, p53, Ki-67, or E-cadherin in cancer cells and that of vimentin or GSTPi in fibroblasts, fibronectin in the basement membrane and collagen IV in the extracellular matrix. The expression of the protein analytes and cellular architecture of BCH were markedly similar to those of breast cancer tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavinder Kaur
- Molecular Pathology Program, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, California 91101, USA
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Joseph DS, Malik M, Nurudeen S, Catherino WH. Myometrial cells undergo fibrotic transformation under the influence of transforming growth factor β-3. Fertil Steril 2010; 93:1500-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Revised: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kupai K, Szucs G, Cseh S, Hajdu I, Csonka C, Csont T, Ferdinandy P. Matrix metalloproteinase activity assays: Importance of zymography. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2010; 61:205-9. [PMID: 20176119 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases capable of degrading extracellular matrix, including the basement membrane. MMPs are associated with various physiological processes such as morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and tissue repair. Moreover, due to the novel non-matrix related intra- and extracellular targets of MMPs, dysregulation of MMP activity has been implicated in a number of acute and chronic pathological processes, such as arthritis, acute myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inflammation, and cancer metastasis. MMPs are considered as viable drug targets in the therapy of the above diseases. METHODS For the development of selective MMP inhibitor molecules, reliable methods are necessary for target validation and lead development. Here, we discuss the major methods used for MMP assays, focusing on substrate zymography. We highlight some problems frequently encountered during sample preparations, electrophoresis, and data analysis of zymograms. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Zymography is a widely used technique to study extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes, such as MMPs, from tissue extracts, cell cultures, serum or urine. This simple and sensitive technique identifies MMPs by the degradation of their substrate and by their molecular weight and therefore helps to understand the widespread role of MMPs in different pathologies and cellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kupai
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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15
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The clinical implications of MMP-11 and CK-20 expression in human breast cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2009; 411:234-41. [PMID: 19914229 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 11/08/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor invasiveness and metastasis in cancer progression is manifested by epigenetic abnormality. However, it remains unknown whether transcription regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-11(MMP-11) and cytoskeleton-20 (CK-20) genes for the homoeostasis of epithelial/connective interface that can enhance cell dissemination and invasion may act as alternative mutators to tumor clinicopathology. METHODS Paired cancerous and tumor-adjacent normal tissues from 72 breast cancer patients were assayed for the expression of MMP-11 and CK-20 by using real-time RT-PCR. The expression profiles were evaluated for the association with clinicopathological factors. RESULTS Breast tumor tissues displayed higher expression levels of MMP-11 and CK-20 than those of the adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Overexpression of either MMP-11 or CK-20 correlated with patients having poorly differentiated tumors (P(MMP-11)=0.01 and P(CK-20)=0.05) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P(MMP-11)=0.004 and P(CK-20)=0.001). A synergistic effect between MMP-11 and CK-20 on risk elevation was significant in patients with advanced tumor stage (OR=2.03, 95%CI=1.10-3.77) and LNM (OR=2.83, 95%CI=1.20-4.71). Additionally, patients lacking progesterone receptor exhibited high expression of MMP-11 and CK-20. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that MMP-11 and CK-20 are probable prognostic markers whose expression reflects the stages of tumor differentiation and LNM of breast cancer.
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Su G, Blaine SA, Qiao D, Friedl A. Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase-mediated stromal syndecan-1 shedding stimulates breast carcinoma cell proliferation. Cancer Res 2008; 68:9558-65. [PMID: 19010933 PMCID: PMC2877371 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence implicates stromal fibroblasts in breast carcinoma progression. We have recently shown in three-dimensional coculture experiments that human mammary fibroblasts stimulate the proliferation of T47D breast carcinoma cells and that this activity requires the shedding of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 (Sdc1) from the fibroblast surface. The goal of this project was to determine the mechanism of Sdc1 ectodomain shedding. The broad spectrum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor GM6001 specifically blocked Sdc1-mediated carcinoma cell growth stimulation, pointing toward MMPs as critical enzymes involved in Sdc1 shedding. MMP-2 and membrane type 1 MMP (MT1-MMP) were the predominant MMPs expressed by the mammary fibroblasts. Fibroblast-dependent carcinoma cell growth stimulation in three-dimensional coculture was abolished by MT1-MMP expression silencing with small interfering RNA and restored either by adding recombinant MT1-MMP catalytic domain or by expressing a secreted form of Sdc1 in the fibroblasts. These findings are consistent with a model where fibroblast-derived MT1-MMP cleaves Sdc1 at the fibroblast surface, leading to paracrine growth stimulation of carcinoma cells by Sdc1 ectodomain. The relevance of MT1-MMP in paracrine interactions was further supported by coculture experiments with T47D cells and primary fibroblasts isolated from human breast carcinomas or matched normal breast tissue. Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts stimulated T47D cell proliferation significantly more than normal fibroblasts in three-dimensional coculture. Function-blocking anti-MT1-MMP antibody significantly inhibited the T47D cell growth stimulation in coculture with primary fibroblasts. In summary, these results ascribe a novel role to fibroblast-derived MT1-MMP in stromal-epithelial signaling in breast carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Su
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53792-8550, USA
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Schedin P, O'Brien J, Rudolph M, Stein T, Borges V. Microenvironment of the involuting mammary gland mediates mammary cancer progression. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2007; 12:71-82. [PMID: 17318269 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-007-9039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer diagnosed after a completed pregnancy has higher metastatic potential and therefore a much poorer prognosis. We hypothesize that following pregnancy the process of mammary gland involution, which returns the gland to its pre-pregnant state, co-opts some of the programs of wound healing. The pro-inflammatory milieu that results, while physiologically normal, promotes tumor progression. In this review, the similarities between mammary gland involution after cessation of milk-production and pathological tissue remodeling are discussed in light of emerging data demonstrating a role for pathological tissue remodeling in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pepper Schedin
- AMC Cancer Research Center, University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
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18
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Kasper G, Reule M, Tschirschmann M, Dankert N, Stout-Weider K, Lauster R, Schrock E, Mennerich D, Duda GN, Lehmann KE. Stromelysin-3 over-expression enhances tumourigenesis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines: involvement of the IGF-1 signalling pathway. BMC Cancer 2007; 7:12. [PMID: 17233884 PMCID: PMC1783860 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-7-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2006] [Accepted: 01/17/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stromelysin-3 (ST-3) is over-expressed in the majority of human carcinomas including breast carcinoma. Due to its known effect in promoting tumour formation, but its impeding effect on metastasis, a dual role of ST-3 in tumour progression, depending on the cellular grade of dedifferentiation, was hypothesized. METHODS The present study was designed to investigate the influence of ST-3 in vivo and in vitro on the oestrogen-dependent, non-invasive MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line as well as on the oestrogen-independent, invasive MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell line. Therefore an orthotopic human xenograft tumour model in nude mice, as well as a 3D matrigel cell culture system, were employed. RESULTS Using both in vitro and in vivo techniques, we have demonstrated that over-expression of ST-3 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells leads to both increased cell numbers and tumour volumes. This observation was dependent upon the presence of growth factors. In particular, the enhanced proliferative capacity was in MCF-7/ST-3 completely and in MDA-MB-231/ST-3 cells partially dependent on the IGF-1 signalling pathway. Microarray analysis of ST-3 over-expressing cells revealed that in addition to cell proliferation, further biological processes seemed to be affected, such as cell motility and stress response. The MAPK-pathway as well as the Wnt and PI3-kinase pathways, appear to also play a potential role. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that breast cancer cell lines of different differentiation status, as well as the non-tumourigenic cell line MCF-10A, have a comparable capability to induce endogenous ST-3 expression in fibroblasts. CONCLUSION These data reveal that ST-3 is capable of enhancing tumourigenesis in highly differentiated "early stage" breast cancer cell lines as well as in further progressed breast cancer cell lines that have already undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We propose that ST-3 induction in tumour fibroblasts leads to the stimulation of the IGF-1R pathway in carcinoma cells, thus enhancing their proliferative capacity. In addition, further different cellular processes seem to be activated by ST-3, possibly accounting for the dual role of ST-3 in tumour progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grit Kasper
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Niels Dankert
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karen Stout-Weider
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Evelin Schrock
- Institute of Clinical Genetics, Technische Universität, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Georg N Duda
- Musculoskeletal Research Center Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin E Lehmann
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Pan Y, Zhao L, Liang J, Liu J, Shi Y, Liu N, Zhang G, Jin H, Gao J, Xie H, Wang J, Liu Z, Fan D. Cellular prion protein promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. FASEB J 2006; 20:1886-8. [PMID: 16877520 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-6138fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cellular prion protein (PrPc) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) -anchored membrane protein that is highly conserved in mammalian species. PrPc has the characteristics of adhesive molecules and is thought to play a role in cell adhesion and membrane signaling. Here we investigated the possible role of PrPc in the process of invasiveness and metastasis in gastric cancers. PrPc was found to be highly expressed in metastatic gastric cancers compared to nonmetastatic ones by immunohistochemical staining. PrPc significantly promoted the adhesive, invasive, and in vivo metastatic abilities of gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901 and MKN45. PrPc also increased promoter activity and the expression of MMP11 by activating phosphorylated ErK1/2 in gastric cancer cells. MEK inhibitor PD98059 and MMP11 antibody (Ab) significantly inhibited in vitro invasive and in vivo metastatic abilities induced by PrPc. N-terminal fragment (amino acid 24-90) was suggested to be an indispensable region for signal transduction and invasion-promoting function of PrPc. Taken together, the present work revealed a novel function of PrPc that the existence of N-terminal region of PrPc could promote the invasive and metastatic abilities of gastric cancer cells at least partially through activation of MEK/ERK pathway and consequent transactivation of MMP11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, 17 Changle Western Rd., Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, PR China
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Görögh T, Beier UH, Bäumken J, Meyer JE, Hoffmann M, Gottschlich S, Maune S. Metalloproteinases and their inhibitors: influence on tumor invasiveness and metastasis formation in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Head Neck 2006; 28:31-9. [PMID: 16265652 DOI: 10.1002/hed.20298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in tumor invasiveness. This study investigates the expression status of MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). METHODS Of 48 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) biopsies and 10 HNSCC cell lines, mRNA was isolated, reversely transcribed, and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifying MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-10, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2. Silver nitrate-stained gel electrophoresis demonstrated MMP and TIMP expression status. Exemplary immunohistochemistry and zymography confirmed translation and enzyme activity. RESULTS Densitometric analysis revealed MMP-2 expression and lymph node metastases to be positively and TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 to be negatively correlated with lymph node metastases. TIMP-2 expression and tumor size were negatively correlated. MMP-1, MMP-9, and MMP-10 expression were not correlated to metastasis formation or tumor size. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that MMP-2 expression enhances, whereas TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 both suppress, cancer spread in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Görögh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 14, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
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Covington MD, Burghardt RC, Parrish AR. Ischemia-induced cleavage of cadherins in NRK cells requires MT1-MMP (MMP-14). Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2006; 290:F43-51. [PMID: 16077081 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00179.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia is a leading cause of acute renal failure (ARF), a disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Disruption of intercellular adhesion in the proximal tubules is linked to ARF, although the molecular mechanism(s) remains unclear. Our previous studies showed that ischemia is associated with cadherin cleavage and loss in NRK cells, putatively due to a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) ( 7 ). In the current studies, a MMP required for E-cadherin cleavage and N-cadherin loss was identified. Chemical inhibitors against a number of soluble MMPs ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 8 , 9 ) failed to completely attenuate ischemia-induced cadherin loss. Under ischemic conditions, there was an increase in active membrane-type (MT)1-MMP but a decrease in MMP-2 protein expression. Plating cells on fibronectin protected against ischemia-induced loss of cadherins and, interestingly, no increase in active MT1-MMP levels was seen in ischemic cells on fibronectin-coated dishes. In addition, L cells stably expressing E- (LE) or N-cadherin (LN), but lacking MT1-MMP expression, were resistant to ischemia-induced cadherin loss. The role of MT1-MMP in ischemia-induced cadherin loss was confirmed by either blocking MT1-MMP activity with a neutralizing antibody or expression with shRNA constructs which protected full-length E- and N-cadherin during ischemia. Using shRNA constructs to suppress MT1-MMP expression, ischemia-induced disruption of cadherin function was ablated, and cell-cell contacts were preserved. These results demonstrate that ischemia induces increased expression of active MT1-MMP and subsequent disruption of cadherin/catenin complexes, implying that MT1-MMP plays a role in ischemia-induced ARF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa D Covington
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
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van den Brûle S, Misson P, Bühling F, Lison D, Huaux F. Overexpression of cathepsin K during silica-induced lung fibrosis and control by TGF-beta. Respir Res 2005; 6:84. [PMID: 16045809 PMCID: PMC1188077 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-6-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2005] [Accepted: 07/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung fibrosis is characterized by tissue remodeling resulting from an imbalance between synthesis and degradation of extracellular organic matrices. To examine whether cathepsin(s) (Cat) are important in the development of pulmonary fibrosis, we assessed the expression of four Cat known for their collagenolytic activity in a model of silica-induced lung fibrosis. Methods Different strains of mice were transorally instilled with 2.5 mg crystalline silica or other particles. Cat expression (Cat K, S, L and B) was quantified in lung tissue and isolated pulmonary cells by quantitative RT-PCR. In vitro, we assessed the effect of different cytokines, involved in lung inflammatory and fibrotic responses, on the expression of Cat K by alveolar macrophages and fibroblasts. Results In lung tissue, Cat K transcript was the most strongly upregulated in response to silica, and this upregulation was intimately related to the fibrotic process. In mouse strains known for their differential response to silica, we showed that the level of Cat K expression following silica treatment was inversely related to the level of TGF-β expression and the susceptibility of these strains to develop fibrosis. Pulmonary macrophages and fibroblasts were identified as Cat K overproducing cells in the lung of silicotic mice. In vitro, Cat K was downregulated in mouse and human lung fibroblasts by the profibrotic growth factor TGF-β1. Conclusion Altogether, these data suggest that while Cat K may contribute to control lung fibrosis, TGF-β appears to limit its overexpression in response to silica particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sybille van den Brûle
- Unit of Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.54, 1200 Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Misson
- Unit of Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.54, 1200 Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank Bühling
- Institute of Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger-Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Lison
- Unit of Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.54, 1200 Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - François Huaux
- Unit of Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine, Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs, 30.54, 1200 Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
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Rio MC. From a unique cell to metastasis is a long way to go: clues to stromelysin-3 participation. Biochimie 2005; 87:299-306. [PMID: 15781316 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2004.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2004] [Accepted: 11/23/2004] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Stromelysin-3 (ST3) overexpression is associated with poor patient clinical outcome in numerous carcinomas. The ST3 is expressed by peritumoral fibroblast-like cells. Review of the literature shows that ST3 is an active partner of cancer cells along the whole natural cancer history, and is essential for optimal tumor development as it reduces death of cancer cells invading adjacent connective tissues at the primary tumor site. Paradoxically, ST3 lowers metastasis development in vivo in mice. However, this beneficial effect does not counterbalance the deleterious anti-apoptotic function of ST3.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Rio
- Institut de génétique et de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS/Inserm U184/ULP BP 163, 67404 Illkirch cedex, CU de Strasbourg, France.
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