1
|
Sheng G, Gao Y, Ding Q, Zhang R, Wang T, Jing S, Zhao H, Ma T, Wu H, Yang Y. P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma progression and glucose metabolism by enhancing c-Myc stabilization. J Transl Med 2023; 21:132. [PMID: 36803784 PMCID: PMC9940387 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant tumor in bone and its prognosis has reached a plateau in the past few decades. Recently, metabolic reprogramming has attracted increasing attention in the field of cancer research. In our previous study, P2RX7 has been identified as an oncogene in osteosarcoma. However, whether and how P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma growth and metastasis through metabolic reprogramming remains unexplored. METHODS We used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology to establish P2RX7 knockout cell lines. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were performed to explore metabolic reprogramming in osteosarcoma. RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analyses were used to determine gene expression related to glucose metabolism. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flowcytometry. The capacity of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation were assessed by seahorse experiments. PET/CT was carried out to assess glucose uptake in vivo. RESULTS We demonstrated that P2RX7 significantly promotes glucose metabolism in osteosarcoma via upregulating the expression of genes related to glucose metabolism. Inhibition of glucose metabolism largely abolishes the ability of P2RX7 to promote osteosarcoma progression. Mechanistically, P2RX7 enhances c-Myc stabilization by facilitating nuclear retention and reducing ubiquitination-dependent degradation. Furthermore, P2RX7 promotes osteosarcoma growth and metastasis through metabolic reprogramming in a predominantly c-Myc-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS P2RX7 plays a key role in metabolic reprogramming and osteosarcoma progression via increasing c-Myc stability. These findings provide new evidence that P2RX7 might be a potential diagnostic and/or therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting metabolic reprogramming appear to hold promise for a breakthrough in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaohong Sheng
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yuan Gao
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Qing Ding
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Ruizhuo Zhang
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Shaoze Jing
- grid.470966.aShanxi Bethune Hospital, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032 China
| | - Hongqi Zhao
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Tian Ma
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kaur J, Dora S. Purinergic signaling: Diverse effects and therapeutic potential in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1058371. [PMID: 36741002 PMCID: PMC9889871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1058371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regardless of improved biological insights and therapeutic advances, cancer is consuming multiple lives worldwide. Cancer is a complex disease with diverse cellular, metabolic, and physiological parameters as its hallmarks. This instigates a need to uncover the latest therapeutic targets to advance the treatment of cancer patients. Purines are building blocks of nucleic acids but also function as metabolic intermediates and messengers, as part of a signaling pathway known as purinergic signaling. Purinergic signaling comprises primarily adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (ADO), their analogous membrane receptors, and a set of ectonucleotidases, and has both short- and long-term (trophic) effects. Cells release ATP and ADO to modulate cellular function in an autocrine or paracrine manner by activating membrane-localized purinergic receptors (purinoceptors, P1 and P2). P1 receptors are selective for ADO and have four recognized subtypes-A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Purines and pyrimidines activate P2 receptors, and the P2X subtype is ligand-gated ion channel receptors. P2X has seven subtypes (P2X1-7) and forms homo- and heterotrimers. The P2Y subtype is a G protein-coupled receptor with eight subtypes (P2Y1/2/4/6/11/12/13/14). ATP, its derivatives, and purinoceptors are widely distributed in all cell types for cellular communication, and any imbalance compromises the homeostasis of the cell. Neurotransmission, neuromodulation, and secretion employ fast purinergic signaling, while trophic purinergic signaling regulates cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, and immune response during tumor progression. Thus, purinergic signaling is a prospective therapeutic target in cancer and therapy resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanchit Dora
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ferrari D, Gessi S, Merighi S, Nigro M, Travagli A, Burns JS. Potentiating Cancer Immune Therapy via Nanomaterials and Purinergic Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:893709. [PMID: 35602602 PMCID: PMC9114640 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.893709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Gessi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Merighi
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manuela Nigro
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Travagli
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jorge S. Burns
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Belardin LB, Brochu K, Légaré C, Battistone MA, Breton S. Purinergic signaling in the male reproductive tract. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1049511. [PMID: 36419764 PMCID: PMC9676935 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1049511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic receptors are ubiquitously expressed throughout the body and they participate in the autocrine and paracrine regulation of cell function during normal physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Extracellular nucleotides activate several types of plasma membrane purinergic receptors that form three distinct families: P1 receptors are activated by adenosine, P2X receptors are activated by ATP, and P2Y receptors are activated by nucleotides including ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP, and UDP-glucose. These specific pharmacological fingerprints and the distinct intracellular signaling pathways they trigger govern a large variety of cellular responses in an organ-specific manner. As such, purinergic signaling regulates several physiological cell functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and death, smooth muscle contraction, vasodilatation, and transepithelial transport of water, solute, and protons, as well as pathological pathways such as inflammation. While purinergic signaling was first discovered more than 90 years ago, we are just starting to understand how deleterious signals mediated through purinergic receptors may be involved in male infertility. A large fraction of male infertility remains unexplained illustrating our poor understanding of male reproductive health. Purinergic signaling plays a variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles in the male reproductive system, but our knowledge in this context remains limited. This review focuses on the distribution of purinergic receptors in the testis, epididymis, and vas deferens, and their role in the establishment and maintenance of male fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Berloffa Belardin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Kéliane Brochu
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Légaré
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Maria Agustina Battistone
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sylvie Breton
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Research Centre and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Sylvie Breton,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu X, Riquelme MA, Tian Y, Zhao D, Acosta FM, Gu S, Jiang JX. ATP Inhibits Breast Cancer Migration and Bone Metastasis through Down-Regulation of CXCR4 and Purinergic Receptor P2Y11. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174293. [PMID: 34503103 PMCID: PMC8428338 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The skeleton is the most frequent metastatic site for advanced breast cancer, and complications resulting from breast cancer metastasis are a leading cause of death in patients. Therefore, the discovery of new targets for the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis is of great significance. ATP released by bone osteocytes is shown to activate purinergic signaling and inhibit the metastasis of breast cancer cells in the bone. The aim of our study was to unveil the underlying molecular mechanism of ATP and purinergic signaling in inhibiting the bone metastasis of breast cancer cells. We demonstrated that CXCR4 and P2Y11 are key factors in regulating this process, and understanding of this important mechanism will aid in identifying new targets and developing first-in-class therapeutics. Abstract ATP released by bone osteocytes is shown to activate purinergic signaling and inhibit the metastasis of breast cancer cells into the bone. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate the important roles of the CXCR4 and P2Y11 purinergic receptors in mediating the inhibitory effect of ATP on breast cancer cell migration and bone metastasis. Wound-healing and transwell migration assays showed that non-hydrolysable ATP analogue, ATPγS, inhibited migration of bone-tropic human breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. BzATP, an agonist for P2X7 and an inducer for P2Y11 internalization, had a similar dose-dependent inhibition on cell migration. Both ATPγS and BzATP suppressed the expression of CXCR4, a chemokine receptor known to promote breast cancer bone metastasis, and knocking down CXCR4 expression by siRNA attenuated the inhibitory effect of ATPγS on cancer cell migration. While a P2X7 antagonist A804598 had no effect on the impact of ATPγS on cell migration, antagonizing P2Y11 by NF157 ablated the effect of ATPγS. Moreover, the reduction in P2Y11 expression by siRNA decreased cancer cell migration and abolished the impact of ATPγS on cell migration and CXCR4 expression. Similar to the effect of ATPγS on cell migration, antagonizing P2Y11 inhibited bone-tropic breast cancer cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. An in vivo study using an intratibial bone metastatic model showed that ATPγS inhibited breast cancer growth in the bone. Taken together, these results suggest that ATP inhibits bone-tropic breast cancer cells by down-regulating the P2Y11 purinergic receptor and the down-regulation of CXCR4 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA; (X.L.); (M.A.R.); (Y.T.); (D.Z.); (F.M.A.); (S.G.)
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Manuel A. Riquelme
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA; (X.L.); (M.A.R.); (Y.T.); (D.Z.); (F.M.A.); (S.G.)
| | - Yi Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA; (X.L.); (M.A.R.); (Y.T.); (D.Z.); (F.M.A.); (S.G.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Dezhi Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA; (X.L.); (M.A.R.); (Y.T.); (D.Z.); (F.M.A.); (S.G.)
| | - Francisca M. Acosta
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA; (X.L.); (M.A.R.); (Y.T.); (D.Z.); (F.M.A.); (S.G.)
| | - Sumin Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA; (X.L.); (M.A.R.); (Y.T.); (D.Z.); (F.M.A.); (S.G.)
| | - Jean X. Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA; (X.L.); (M.A.R.); (Y.T.); (D.Z.); (F.M.A.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-210-562-4094
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu P, Zhang X, Liu N, Tang L, Peng C, Chen X. Pyroptosis: mechanisms and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:128. [PMID: 33776057 PMCID: PMC8005494 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 863] [Impact Index Per Article: 287.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, pyroptosis has received more and more attention because of its association with innate immunity and disease. The research scope of pyroptosis has expanded with the discovery of the gasdermin family. A great deal of evidence shows that pyroptosis can affect the development of tumors. The relationship between pyroptosis and tumors is diverse in different tissues and genetic backgrounds. In this review, we provide basic knowledge of pyroptosis, explain the relationship between pyroptosis and tumors, and focus on the significance of pyroptosis in tumor treatment. In addition, we further summarize the possibility of pyroptosis as a potential tumor treatment strategy and describe the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy caused by pyroptosis. In brief, pyroptosis is a double-edged sword for tumors. The rational use of this dual effect will help us further explore the formation and development of tumors, and provide ideas for patients to develop new drugs based on pyroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pian Yu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Xu Zhang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Nian Liu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Ling Tang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Cong Peng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| | - Xiang Chen
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Xiangya Clinical Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tabana Y, Okoye IS, Siraki A, Elahi S, Barakat KH. Tackling Immune Targets for Breast Cancer: Beyond PD-1/PD-L1 Axis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628138. [PMID: 33747948 PMCID: PMC7973280 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of breast cancer is imposing a huge global problem. Drug discovery research and novel approaches to treat breast cancer have been carried out extensively over the last decades. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors are showing promising preclinical and clinical results in treating breast cancer, they are facing multiple limitations. From an immunological perspective, a recent report highlighted breast cancer as an "inflamed tumor" with an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Consequently, researchers have been focusing on identifying novel immunological targets that can tune up the tumor immune microenvironment. In this context, several novel non-classical immune targets have been targeted to determine their ability to uncouple immunoregulatory pathways at play in the tumor microenvironment. This article will highlight strategies designed to increase the immunogenicity of the breast tumor microenvironment. It also addresses the latest studies on targets which can enhance immune responses to breast cancer and discusses examples of preclinical and clinical trial landscapes that utilize these targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Tabana
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Isobel S. Okoye
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Arno Siraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Khaled H. Barakat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang WJ. Effect of P2X purinergic receptors in tumor progression and as a potential target for anti-tumor therapy. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:151-162. [PMID: 33420658 PMCID: PMC7954979 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09761-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of tumors is a complex pathological process involving multiple factors, multiple steps, and multiple genes. Their prevention and treatment have always been a difficult problem at present. A large number of studies have proved that the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the progression of tumors. The tumor microenvironment is the place where tumor cells depend for survival, and it plays an important role in regulating the growth, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of tumor cells. P2X purinergic receptors, which depend on the ATP ion channel, can be activated by ATP in the tumor microenvironment, and by mediating tumor cells and related cells (such as immune cells) in the tumor microenvironment. They play an important regulatory role on the effects of the skeleton, membrane fluidity, and intracellular molecular metabolism of tumor cells. Therefore, here, we outlined the biological characteristics of P2X purinergic receptors, described the effect of tumor microenvironment on tumor progression, and discussed the effect of ATP on tumor. Moreover, we explored the role of P2X purinergic receptors in the development of tumors and anti-tumor therapy. These data indicate that P2X purinergic receptors may be used as another potential pharmacological target for tumor prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 343000, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Predicted the P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism is associated with cancer risk: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227679. [PMID: 33501930 PMCID: PMC7859319 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both meta-analyses and systematic reviews were used to assess the relationship between purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2RX7) rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data used in this research were collected from Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang Data databases. The final retrieval ended on 22 February 2019. The strength of correlation was assessed using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Based on the heterogeneity test results, fixed-effect (Mantel-Haenszel) or random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) models were selected to summarise the collective effects. RESULTS Eight separate studies containing 1462 cancer cases and 3037 controls were enrolled. Overall, there was no significant association between P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer in the allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, or recessive models. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis indicates that there is no significant association between P2RX7 rs3751143 polymorphism and the risk of cancer in the allelic, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, and recessive models.
Collapse
|
10
|
Purinergic Signaling in the Hallmarks of Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071612. [PMID: 32635260 PMCID: PMC7407645 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex expression of an altered state of cellular differentiation associated with severe clinical repercussions. The effort to characterize this pathological entity to understand its underlying mechanisms and visualize potential therapeutic strategies has been constant. In this context, some cellular (enhanced duplication, immunological evasion), metabolic (aerobic glycolysis, failure in DNA repair mechanisms) and physiological (circadian disruption) parameters have been considered as cancer hallmarks. The list of these hallmarks has been growing in recent years, since it has been demonstrated that various physiological systems misfunction in well-characterized ways upon the onset and establishment of the carcinogenic process. This is the case with the purinergic system, a signaling pathway formed by nucleotides/nucleosides (mainly adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine (ADO) and uridine triphosphate (UTP)) with their corresponding membrane receptors and defined transduction mechanisms. The dynamic equilibrium between ATP and ADO, which is accomplished by the presence and regulation of a set of ectonucleotidases, defines the pro-carcinogenic or anti-cancerous final outline in tumors and cancer cell lines. So far, the purinergic system has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target in cancerous and tumoral ailments.
Collapse
|
11
|
Pfaffenzeller MS, Franciosi MLM, Cardoso AM. Purinergic signaling and tumor microenvironment in cervical Cancer. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:123-135. [PMID: 32170538 PMCID: PMC7166227 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09693-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer incidence in the world female population, and it has become a public health problem worldwide. Several factors are involved in this type of cancer, including intrinsic factors related to the inflammatory process, such as extracellular nucleotides and adenosine-components of the purinergic system. The present review focuses on the role of the purinergic system in cervical cancer, especially regarding the interaction of extracellular nucleotides with their respective receptors expressed in the tumor microenvironment of cervical cancer and their role in the host immune response. The high concentrations of extracellular nucleotides in the tumor microenvironment of cervical cancer interfere in the regulation, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of cancer cells of the uterine cervix through different P1 and P2 receptor subtypes. Such diverse cellular processes that are mediated by adenosine triphosphate and adenosine across the tumor microenvironment and that also have effects on host immune defense will be reviewed here in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andréia Machado Cardoso
- Academic Coordination, Medicine, Campus Chapecó, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zyma M, Pawliczak R. Characteristics and the role of purinergic receptors in pathophysiology with focus on immune response. Int Rev Immunol 2020; 39:97-117. [PMID: 32037918 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1723582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The nucleotide adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) is mostly thought to be energy carrier, but evidence presented in multiple studies proves ATP involvement into variety of processes, due to its neuromodulatory capabilities. ATP and its metabolite-adenosine, bind to the purinergic receptors, which are divided into two types: adenosine binding P1 receptor and ADP/ATP binding P2 receptor. These receptors are expressed in different tissues and organs. Recent studies report their immunomodulatory characteristics, connected with varying immunological processes, such as immunological response or antigen presentation. Besides, they seem to play an important role in medical conditions such as bronchial asthma or variety of cancers. In this article, we would like to review recent discoveries on the field of purinergic receptors research focusing on their role in immunological system, and shed a new light upon the importance of these receptors in modern medicine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marharyta Zyma
- Department of Immunopathology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kong YH, Xu SP. Salidroside prevents skin carcinogenesis induced by DMBA/TPA in a mouse model through suppression of inflammation and promotion of apoptosis. Oncol Rep 2018; 39:2513-2526. [PMID: 29693192 PMCID: PMC5983924 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salidroside (SR) is a main component of Rhodiola rosea L. and exhibits a variety of pharmacologic properties. The present study was carried out to explore the potential effect of SR against skin cancer induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13‑acetate (TPA) in female Institute for Cancer Research (ICR) mice and to reveal the underlying molecular targets regulated by SR. The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, DMBA/TPA, DMBA/TPA+SR (20 mg/kg) and DMBA/TPA+SR (40 mg/kg). SR was administered to mice five times a week after DMBA treatments. In our study, we found that SR dose-dependently ameliorated skin cancer incidence and the multiplicity in the animal models by reducing the release of inflammation-related cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β1). Suppression of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway by SR was effective to prevent skin carcinogenesis. Furthermore, TUNEL analysis indicated that compared to the DMBA/TPA group, enhanced apoptosis was observed in the DMBA/TPA+SR group. In addition, p53 expression levels were increased by SR in the DMBA/TPA-induced mice. Therefore, SR was effective for inducing apoptosis during skin cancer progression triggered by DMBA/TPA. Consistently, p21, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), Bax and caspase-3 were highly induced by SR to enhance the apoptotic response for preventing skin cancer. Moreover, in vitro, we found that SR dramatically reduced the inflammatory response, while enhancing the aoptotic response by blocking NF-κB and activating caspase-3 pathways, respectively. In addition, flow cytometric analysis further confirmed the induction of apoptosis by SR in DMBA-treated cells in vitro. Taken together, the in vivo and in vitro studies illustrated that SR might be a promising compound to reduce skin cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hui Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Su-Ping Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Burnstock G, Knight GE. The potential of P2X7 receptors as a therapeutic target, including inflammation and tumour progression. Purinergic Signal 2018; 14:1-18. [PMID: 29164451 PMCID: PMC5842154 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven P2X ion channel nucleotide receptor subtypes have been cloned and characterised. P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) are unusual in that there are extra amino acids in the intracellular C terminus. Low concentrations of ATP open cation channels sometimes leading to cell proliferation, whereas high concentrations of ATP open large pores that release inflammatory cytokines and can lead to apoptotic cell death. Since many diseases involve inflammation and immune responses, and the P2X7R regulates inflammation, there has been recent interest in the pathophysiological roles of P2X7R and the potential of P2X7R antagonists to treat a variety of diseases. These include neurodegenerative diseases, psychiatric disorders, epilepsy and a number of diseases of peripheral organs, including the cardiovascular, airways, kidney, liver, bladder, skin and musculoskeletal. The potential of P2X7R drugs to treat tumour progression is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Gillian E Knight
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu J, Li N, Sheng R, Wang R, Xu Z, Mao Y, Wang Y, Liu Y. Hypermethylation downregulates P2X 7 receptor expression in astrocytoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 14:7699-7704. [PMID: 29344216 PMCID: PMC5755164 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the altered expression of p2X purinoceptor (P2X7R) in astrocytoma. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to determine the P2X7R expression in glioblastoma (GBM) and surrounding normal brain tissue. DNA methylation levels of P2X7R gene promoter in GBM were analyzed using a Sequenom MassARRAY® System. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of P2X7R in astrocytoma at different malignancy grades, including diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and GBM. P2X7R mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in GBM compared with normal brain tissues. IHC results showed a negative correlation between P2X7R expression and tumor grade. The decreased P2X7R expression was mostly attributed to hypermethylation of its promoter. Therefore, P2X7R was found to perform an important role in tumorigenesis and progression of astrocytoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Xiawafang Street Community Health Center, Tianjin, Hebei 300220, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ruofan Sheng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zude Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Neurology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
de Andrade Mello P, Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. Multifaceted Effects of Extracellular Adenosine Triphosphate and Adenosine in the Tumor-Host Interaction and Therapeutic Perspectives. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1526. [PMID: 29184552 PMCID: PMC5694450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the world's most pressing health-care challenges, leading to a high number of deaths worldwide. Immunotherapy is a new developing therapy that boosts patient's immune system to fight cancer by modifying tumor-immune cells interaction in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) and adenosine (Ado) are signaling molecules released in the TME that act as modulators of both immune and tumor cell responses. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate and Ado activate purinergic type 2 (P2) and type 1 (P1) receptors, respectively, triggering the so-called purinergic signaling. The concentration of eATP and Ado within the TME is tightly controlled by several cell-surface ectonucleotidases, such as CD39 and CD73, the major ecto-enzymes expressed in cancer cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and vasculature, being CD73 also expressed on tumor-associated fibroblasts. Once accumulated in the TME, eATP boosts antitumor immune response, while Ado attenuates or suppresses immunity against the tumor. In addition, both molecules can mediate growth stimulation or inhibition of the tumor, depending on the specific receptor activated. Therefore, purinergic signaling is able to modulate both tumor and immune cells behavior and, consequently, the tumor-host interaction and disease progression. In this review, we discuss the role of purinergic signaling in the host-tumor interaction detailing the multifaceted effects of eATP and Ado in the inflammatory TME. Moreover, we present recent findings into the application of purinergic-targeting therapy as a potential novel option to boost antitumor immune responses in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola de Andrade Mello
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Burnstock G. Purinergic Signalling: Therapeutic Developments. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:661. [PMID: 28993732 PMCID: PMC5622197 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signalling, i.e., the role of nucleotides as extracellular signalling molecules, was proposed in 1972. However, this concept was not well accepted until the early 1990's when receptor subtypes for purines and pyrimidines were cloned and characterised, which includes four subtypes of the P1 (adenosine) receptor, seven subtypes of P2X ion channel receptors and 8 subtypes of the P2Y G protein-coupled receptor. Early studies were largely concerned with the physiology, pharmacology and biochemistry of purinergic signalling. More recently, the focus has been on the pathophysiology and therapeutic potential. There was early recognition of the use of P1 receptor agonists for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia and A2A receptor antagonists are promising for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Clopidogrel, a P2Y12 antagonist, is widely used for the treatment of thrombosis and stroke, blocking P2Y12 receptor-mediated platelet aggregation. Diquafosol, a long acting P2Y2 receptor agonist, is being used for the treatment of dry eye. P2X3 receptor antagonists have been developed that are orally bioavailable and stable in vivo and are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of chronic cough, bladder incontinence, visceral pain and hypertension. Antagonists to P2X7 receptors are being investigated for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Other investigations are in progress for the use of purinergic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis, myocardial infarction, irritable bowel syndrome, epilepsy, atherosclerosis, depression, autism, diabetes, and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical SchoolLondon, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, MelbourneVIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang F, Ma H, Liu Z, Huang W, Xu X, Zhang X. α-Mangostin inhibits DMBA/TPA-induced skin cancer through inhibiting inflammation and promoting autophagy and apoptosis by regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:672-680. [PMID: 28582759 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality, the treatment progress of which remains slow though. Therefore, studies identifying anti-skin cancer agents that are innocuous are urgently needed. α-Mangostin, a natural product isolated from the pericarp of mangosteen fruit, has potent anti-cancer activity. However, its role in skin cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment effect of α-mangostin on skin tumorigenesis induced by 9,10-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)/TPA in mice and the potential mechanism. Treatment with α-mangostin significantly suppressed tumor formation and growth, and markedly reduced the incidence rate. α-Mangostin not only inhibited the expressions of pro-inflammatory factors, but also promoted the production of anti-inflammatory factors in tumor and blood. It induced autophagy of skin tumor and regulated the expressions of autophagy-related proteins. The protein expressions of LC3, LC3-II and Beclin1 increased whereas those of LC3-I and p62 decreased after treatment with α-mangostin. Moreover, α-mangostin promoted the apoptosis of skin tumor dose-dependently by up-regulating of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP and Bad, and down-regulating of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. Furthermore, showed α-mangostin inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway, as evidenced by decreased expressions of phospho-PI3K (p-PI3K), p-Akt and p-mTOR, but did not affect the expressions of t-PI3K, t-Akt or t-mTOR. Collectively, α-mangostin suppressed murine skin tumorigenesis induced by DMBA/TPA through inhibiting inflammation and promoting autophagy and apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, as a potential candidate for future clinical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhaoguo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaojing Xu
- Department of Dermatological, Armed Police Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 201103, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jiang X, Mao W, Yang Z, Zeng J, Zhang Y, Song Y, Kong Y, Ren S, Zuo Y. Silencing P2X7 receptor downregulates the expression of TCP-1 involved in lymphoma lymphatic metastasis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42105-17. [PMID: 26556873 PMCID: PMC4747213 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
P2X7R is an ATP-gated cation channel that participates in cell proliferation and apoptosis. TCP-1 assists with the protein folding. According to our previous research, the P2X7R has a potential role in P388D1 lymphoid neoplasm cells dissemination to peripheral lymph nodes. In order to make a further exploration about the probable mechanism, the lymph nodes which metastasized by P2X7R-silenced P388D1 cells or non-silenced cells were analyzed by 2DE and a MALDI-TOF-based proteomics approach. In the 64 proteins which were differentially expressed between two groups, TCP-1 was found to be significantly decreased in P2X7R shRNA group compared to controls. This correlation was also found in subsequent experiments in vivo and in vitro. The positive correlation between P2X7R and TCP-1 was also proved in both lymphoma and benign lymphadenopathy tissues from patients. It indicates that TCP-1 may be a crucial downstream molecular of P2X7R and plays a novel role in lymphoid neoplasm metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Jiang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Wenjuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.,Department of Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.,Department of Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shuangyi Ren
- Department of Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yunfei Zuo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Duan S, Yu J, Han Z, Cheng Z, Liang P. Association Between P2RX7 Gene and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Susceptibility: A Case-Control Study in a Chinese Han Population. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1916-23. [PMID: 27272229 PMCID: PMC4915328 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of liver cancer. It is hypothesized that P2RX7 genetic polymorphisms have strong association with HCC susceptibility. Therefore, a case-control study was designed and performed to verify the association between P2RX7 gene polymorphisms and HCC susceptibility. Material/Methods A total of 646 subjects were recruited in our study, including 323 HCC patients and 323 healthy controls. Five gene polymorphisms, −762C>T (rs2393799), 946G>A (rs28360457), 1513A>C (rs3751143), 1068G>A (rs1718119), and 1096C>G (rs2230911), were selected. Odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to quantify the association between P2RX7 gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to HCC. All tests were performed using SPSS 20 and a 2-sided P value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results Our results suggest that allelic frequencies of these 5 SNPs all conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). There was no significant difference in genotype and allele distributions of −762C>T and 1096C>G between the case group and the control group. However, an increased risk of HCC was associated with 946G>A (A vs. G: OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.09–2.01, P=0.013; GA+AA vs. GG: OR=1.46, 95%CI=1.03–2.07, P=0.033). A similar increased risk was associated with 1513A>C polymorphism (C vs. A: OR=1.37, 95%CI=1.05–1.79, P=0.021; AC+CC vs. AA: OR=1.40, 95%CI=1.01–1.93, P=0.041). On the other hand, a decreased risk of HCC was associated with gene polymorphism of 1068G>A (A vs. G: OR=0.68, 95%CI=0.51–0.91, P=0.010; GA+AA vs. GG: OR=0.68, 95%CI=0.49–0.96, P=0.027; AA vs. GG: OR=0.42, 95%CI=0.18–0.99, P=0.048). Conclusions Our results suggest that 3 of the 5 polymorphisms of P2RX7 described above (1513A>C, 946G>A, and 1068G>A) are significantly associated with HCC susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. Studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to confirm whether our results will be applicable to different ethnic populations in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Duan
- , Medical Center of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiyu Han
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Zhigang Cheng
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Geraghty NJ, Watson D, Adhikary SR, Sluyter R. P2X7 receptor in skin biology and diseases. World J Dermatol 2016; 5:72-83. [DOI: 10.5314/wjd.v5.i2.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor is a trimeric ligand-gated cation channel present on immune and other cells. Activation of this receptor by its natural ligand extracellular adenosine triphosphate results in a variety of downstream responses, including the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and cell death. In normal skin, P2X7 is present on keratinocytes, Langerhans cells and fibroblasts, while the presence of this receptor on other cutaneous cells is mainly inferred from studies of equivalent cell types present in other tissues. Mast cells in normal skin however express negligible amounts of P2X7, which can be upregulated in cutaneous disease. This review discusses the potential significance of P2X7 in skin biology, and the role of this receptor in inflammatory skin disorders such as irritant and chronic dermatitis, psoriasis, graft-versus-host disease, as well is in wound healing, transplantation and skin cancer.
Collapse
|
22
|
Wakx A, Dutot M, Massicot F, Mascarelli F, Limb GA, Rat P. Amyloid β Peptide Induces Apoptosis Through P2X7 Cell Death Receptor in Retinal Cells: Modulation by Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid DHA and EPA. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 178:368-81. [PMID: 26467741 PMCID: PMC4718936 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Retinal Müller glial cells have already been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is characterized by accumulation of toxic amyloid-β peptide (Aβ); the question we raise is as follows: is P2X7 receptor, known to play an important role in several degenerative diseases, involved in Aβ toxicity on Müller cells? Retinal Müller glial cells were incubated with Aβ for 48 h. Cell viability was assessed using the alamarBlue assay and cytotoxicity using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. P2X7 receptor expression was highlighted by immunolabeling observed on confocal microscopy and its activation was evaluated by YO-PRO-1 assay. Hoechst 33342 was used to evaluate chromatin condensation, and caspases 8 and 3 activation was assessed using AMC assays. Lipid formulation rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) used in Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 was incubated on cells for 15 min prior to Aβ incubation. For the first time, we showed that Aβ induced caspase-independent apoptosis through P2X7 receptor activation on our retinal model. DHA and EPA are polyunsaturated fatty acids recommended in food supplement to prevent AMD. We therefore modulated Aβ cytotoxicity using a lipid formulation rich in DHA and EPA to have a better understanding of the results observed in clinical studies. We showed that fish oil rich in EPA and DHA, in combination with a potent P2X7 receptor antagonist, represents an efficient modulator of Aβ toxicity and that P2X7 could be an interesting therapeutic target to prevent AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Wakx
- />UMR CNRS 8638—Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Mélody Dutot
- />UMR CNRS 8638—Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- />Laboratoire Yslab, 2 rue Félix Le Dantec, 29000 Quimper, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - France Massicot
- />UMR CNRS 8638—Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Frédéric Mascarelli
- />INSERM U 872—Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires: Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches des Cordeliers, 15 Rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - G. Astrid Limb
- />Division of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology and Moorfields Eye Hospital, 11 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL UK
| | - Patrice Rat
- />UMR CNRS 8638—Chimie-Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, 4 avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
- />Inserm U598, Physiopathologie des maladies oculaires, Innovations thérapeutiques, Centre de Recherches Biomédicales des Cordeliers, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gehring MP, Kipper F, Nicoletti NF, Sperotto ND, Zanin R, Tamajusuku ASK, Flores DG, Meurer L, Roesler R, Filho AB, Lenz G, Campos MM, Morrone FB. P2X7 receptor as predictor gene for glioma radiosensitivity and median survival. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 68:92-100. [PMID: 26358881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is considered the most lethal intracranial tumor and the median survival time is approximately 14 months. Although some glioma cells present radioresistance, radiotherapy has been the mainstay of therapy for patients with malignant glioma. The activation of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is responsible for ATP-induced death in various cell types. In this study, we analyzed the importance of ATP-P2X7R pathway in the radiotherapy response P2X7R silenced cell lines, in vivo and human tumor samples. Both glioma cell lines used in this study present a functional P2X7R and the P2X7R silencing reduced P2X7R pore activity by ethidium bromide uptake. Gamma radiation (2Gy) treatment reduced cell number in a P2X7R-dependent way, since both P2X7R antagonist and P2X7R silencing blocked the cell cytotoxicity caused by irradiation after 24h. The activation of P2X7R is time-dependent, as EtBr uptake significantly increased after 24h of irradiation. The radiotherapy plus ATP incubation significantly increased annexin V incorporation, compared with radiotherapy alone, suggesting that ATP acts synergistically with radiotherapy. Of note, GL261 P2X7R silenced-bearing mice failed in respond to radiotherapy (8Gy) and GL261 WT-bearing mice, that constitutively express P2X7R, presented a significant reduction in tumor volume after radiotherapy, showing in vivo that functional P2X7R expression is essential for an efficient radiotherapy response in gliomas. We also showed that a high P2X7R expression is a good prognostic factor for glioma radiosensitivity and survival probability in humans. Our data revealed the relevance of P2X7R expression in glioma cells to a successful radiotherapy response, and shed new light on this receptor as a useful predictor of the sensitivity of cancer patients to radiotherapy and median survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina P Gehring
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Franciele Kipper
- Laboratório de Sinalização e Plasticidade Celular, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Natália F Nicoletti
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia D Sperotto
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Zanin
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra S K Tamajusuku
- Laboratório de Sinalização e Plasticidade Celular, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Debora G Flores
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Luise Meurer
- Departamento de Patologia, HCPA, UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90420-010 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Roesler
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neural Tumor Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Cancer Research Laboratory, University Hospital Research Center (CPE-HCPA), UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, Sala 202, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Aroldo B Filho
- Serviço de Radioterapia, Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Guido Lenz
- Laboratório de Sinalização e Plasticidade Celular, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Maria M Campos
- PUCRS, Instituto de Toxicologia e Farmacologia e Faculdade de Odontologia, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda B Morrone
- PUCRS, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Laboratório de Farmacologia Aplicada, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Granado M, Amor S, Montoya JJ, Monge L, Fernández N, García-Villalón ÁL. Altered expression of P2Y2 and P2X7 purinergic receptors in the isolated rat heart mediates ischemia-reperfusion injury. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 73:96-103. [PMID: 26070527 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the expression of purinergic receptors in the heart after ischemia-reperfusion, and their possible role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Rat hearts were perfused according to the Langendorff technique and subjected to 30 min ischemia followed by 15 min reperfusion. Ischemia-reperfusion reduced the gene expression and protein content of purinergic receptors of the P2Y2 subtype, and increased the gene expression and protein content of the P2X7 subtype. Treatment with the agonist of the P2Y2 subtype 2-thio-UTP and with the antagonist of the P2X7 subtype Brilliant Blue improved myocardial function parameters, reduced cell death and increased the myocardial expression of antiapoptotic markers after ischemia-reperfusion. These results suggest that the myocardial expression of the protective P2Y2 subtype of purinergic receptors is reduced, whereas that of the harmful subtype P2X7 subtype is increased during coronary ischemia-reperfusion. This may contribute to myocardial injury in this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Granado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Amor
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Montoya
- Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Monge
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Fernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Di Cesare Mannelli L, Marcoli M, Micheli L, Zanardelli M, Maura G, Ghelardini C, Cervetto C. Oxaliplatin evokes P2X7-dependent glutamate release in the cerebral cortex: A pain mechanism mediated by Pannexin 1. Neuropharmacology 2015; 97:133-41. [PMID: 26071109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer therapy based on the repeated administration of oxaliplatin is limited by the development of a neuropathic syndrome difficult to treat. Oxaliplatin neurotoxicity is based on complex nervous mechanisms, the comprehension of the role of single neurotransmitters and the knowledge of the signal flow among cells is matter of importance to improve therapeutic chances. In a rat model of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy, we report increased P2X7-evoked glutamate release from cerebrocortical synaptosomes. The release was abolished by the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) antagonists Brilliant-Blue-G (BBG) and A-438079, and significantly reduced by Carbenoxolone and the Pannexin 1 (Panx1) selective inhibitors Erioglaucine and (10)Panx suggesting the recruitment of Panx1. Aimed to evaluate the significance of P2X7R-Panx1 system activation in pain generated by oxaliplatin, pharmacological modulators were spinally infused by intrathecal catheter in oxaliplatin-treated animals. BBG, Erioglaucine and (10)Panx reverted oxaliplatin-dependent pain. Finally, the influence of the P2X7R-Panx1 system blockade on oxaliplatin anticancer activity was evaluated on the human colon cancer cell line HT-29. Prevention of HT-29 apoptosis and mortality was dependent by kind and concentration of P2X7R antagonists. On the contrary, the inhibition of Panx1 did not alter oxaliplatin lethality in tumor cells. It is concluded that glutamate release dependent on P2X7R is increased in cerebrocortical nerve terminals from oxaliplatin-treated rats; the increase is mediated by functional recruitment of Panx1; P2X7R antagonists and Panx1 inhibitors revert oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain; Panx1 inhibitors do not alter the oxaliplatin-induced mortality of cancer cells HT-29. The inhibition of Panx1 channel is suggested as a new and safe pharmacological target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Manuela Marcoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanardelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Guido Maura
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Cervetto
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Z, Shen C, Tao Y, Wang S, Wei Z, Cao Y, Wu H, Fan F, Lin C, Shan Y, Zhu P, Sun L, Chen C, Wang A, Zheng S, Lu Y. Chemopreventive efficacy of menthol on carcinogen-induced cutaneous carcinoma through inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 82:12-8. [PMID: 25956868 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress have been implicated in various pathological processes including skin tumorigenesis. Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality, the treatment progress of which remains slow though. Therefore, chemoprevention and other strategies are being considered. Menthol has shown high anticancer activity against various human cancers, but its effect on skin cancer has never been evaluated. We herein investigated the chemopreventive potential of menthol against 9,10-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and skin carcinogenesis in female ICR mice. Pretreatment with menthol at various doses significantly suppressed tumor formation and growth, and markedly reduced tumor incidence and volume. Moreover, menthol inhibited TPA-induced skin hyperplasia and inflammation, and significantly suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Furthermore, pretreatment with menthol inhibited the formation of reactive oxygen species and affected the activities of a battery of antioxidant enzymes in the skin. The expressions of NF-κB, Erk and p38 were down-regulated by menthol administration. Thus, inflammation and oxidative stress collectively played a crucial role in the chemopreventive efficacy of menthol on the murine skin tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Cunsi Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yu Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Siliang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yuzhu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Fangtian Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chao Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yunlong Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Pingting Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Prognostic value of purinergic P2X7 receptor expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5039-49. [PMID: 25722111 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of type 2 purinergic (P2) receptors, especially P2X7, is responsible for the direct tumor-killing functions of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), but the precise role of P2X7 in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. This study aims to evaluate prognostic value of P2X7 expression in HCC patients after surgical resection. Expression of P2X7 was assessed by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays containing paired tumor and peritumoral liver tissues from 273 patients with HCC who had undergone hepatectomy between 2006 and 2007. Prognostic value of P2X7 expression and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Peritumoral P2X7 expression was significantly higher than intratumoral P2X7 expression. No significant prognostic difference was observed for overall survival for intratumoral P2X7 density, whereas peritumoral P2X7 density indicates unfavorable overall survival in training set and BCLC stage 0-A subset. Besides, peritumoral P2X7 density, which correlated with tumor size, venous invasion, and BCLC stage, was identified as an independent poor prognosticator for overall survival and recurrence-free survival. The association was further validated in validation set. Peritumoral P2X7 is a potential unfavorable prognosticator for overall survival and recurrence free survival in HCC patients after surgical resection. Further external validation and functional analysis should be pursued to evaluate its potential prognostic value and therapeutic significance for HCC patients.
Collapse
|
29
|
Bilodeau MS, Arguin G, Gendron FP. C/EBPβ regulates P2X7 receptor expression in response to glucose challenge in intestinal epithelial cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 93:38-46. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the ATP-dependent P2X7 receptor modulates glucose transport in intestinal epithelial cells through the downregulation of glucose transporter GLUT2. In the present study, we show that an increase in glucose concentration stimulates P2X7 receptor transcription via modulation of CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) α and β expression. The described human P2X7 receptor promoter region (GenBank Y12851) was cloned upstream of a luciferase reporter gene in pGL4.10 plasmid and used to determine whether C/EBPs, namely C/EBPα and C/EBPβ, are able to stimulate the transcription of P2X7 receptor. Results show that C/EBPβ was the main regulator of P2X7 receptor expression in response to a glucose challenge. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays further revealed that C/EBPβ occupied the –213 to +6 nt P2X7 promoter region. Surprisingly, C/EBPα was also able to bind this region as revealed by ChIP assays, but without inducing receptor transcription. In fact, C/EBPα and the C/EBPβ-LIP isoform blocked the C/EBPβ-dependent regulation of P2X7 receptor transcription. These findings suggest that glucose is not only the major source of energy for cell function but may also act as a signaling molecule to stimulate the expression of regulatory proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maude S. Bilodeau
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Guillaume Arguin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| | - Fernand-Pierre Gendron
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Roger S, Jelassi B, Couillin I, Pelegrin P, Besson P, Jiang LH. Understanding the roles of the P2X7 receptor in solid tumour progression and therapeutic perspectives. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1848:2584-602. [PMID: 25450340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
P2X7 is an intriguing ionotropic receptor for which the activation by extracellular ATP induces rapid inward cationic currents and intracellular signalling pathways associated with numerous physiological processes such as the induction of the inflammatory cascade, the survival and proliferation of cells. In contrast, long-term stimulation of P2X7 is generally associated with membrane permeabilisation and cell death. Recently, P2X7 has attracted great attention in the cancer field, and particularly in the neoplastic transformation and the progression of solid tumours. A growing number of studies were published; however they often appeared contradictory in their results and conclusions. As such, the involvement of P2X7 in the oncogenic process remains unclear so far. The present review aims to discuss the current knowledge and hypotheses on the involvement of the P2X7 receptor in the development and progression of solid tumours, and highlight the different aspects that require further clarification in order to decipher whether P2X7 could be considered as a cancer biomarker or as a target for pharmacological intervention. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane channels and transporters in cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Roger
- Inserm UMR1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France; Département de Physiologie Animale, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France.
| | - Bilel Jelassi
- Inserm UMR1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Isabelle Couillin
- UMR CNRS 7355 Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, Université d'Orléans, 3B rue de la Ferollerie, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | - Pablo Pelegrin
- Inflammation and Experimental Surgery Research Unit, CIBERehd, Clinical University Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", Murcia's BioHealth Research Institute IMIB-Arrixaca, Carretera Cartagena-Madrid s/n, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pierre Besson
- Inserm UMR1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jiao J, Ishikawa TO, Dumlao DS, Norris PC, Magyar CE, Mikulec C, Catapang A, Dennis EA, Fischer SM, Herschman HR. Targeted deletion and lipidomic analysis identify epithelial cell COX-2 as a major driver of chemically induced skin cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 12:1677-88. [PMID: 25063587 PMCID: PMC4233191 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0397-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pharmacologic and global gene deletion studies demonstrate that cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX-2) plays a critical role in DMBA/TPA-induced skin tumor induction. Although many cell types in the tumor microenvironment express COX-2, the cell types in which COX-2 expression is required for tumor promotion are not clearly established. Here, cell type-specific Cox-2 gene deletion reveals a vital role for skin epithelial cell COX-2 expression in DMBA/TPA tumor induction. In contrast, myeloid Cox-2 gene deletion has no effect on DMBA/TPA tumorigenesis. The infrequent, small tumors that develop on mice with an epithelial cell-specific Cox-2 gene deletion have decreased proliferation and increased cell differentiation properties. Blood vessel density is reduced in tumors with an epithelial cell-specific Cox-2 gene deletion, compared with littermate control tumors, suggesting a reciprocal relationship in tumor progression between COX-2-expressing tumor epithelial cells and microenvironment endothelial cells. Lipidomics analysis of skin and tumors from DMBA/TPA-treated mice suggests that the prostaglandins PGE2 and PGF2α are likely candidates for the epithelial cell COX-2-dependent eicosanoids that mediate tumor progression. This study both illustrates the value of cell type-specific gene deletions in understanding the cellular roles of signal-generating pathways in complex microenvironments and emphasizes the benefit of a systems-based lipidomic analysis approach to identify candidate lipid mediators of biologic responses. IMPLICATIONS Cox-2 gene deletion demonstrates that intrinsic COX-2 expression in initiated keratinocytes is a principal driver of skin carcinogenesis; lipidomic analysis identifies likely prostanoid effectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiao
- Departments of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tomo-O Ishikawa
- Departments of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Darren S Dumlao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California. Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Paul C Norris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California. Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Clara E Magyar
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carol Mikulec
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, Texas
| | - Art Catapang
- Departments of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California. Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Susan M Fischer
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, Texas
| | - Harvey R Herschman
- Departments of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Burnstock G, Di Virgilio F. Purinergic signalling and cancer. Purinergic Signal 2014; 9:491-540. [PMID: 23797685 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-013-9372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptors for extracellular nucleotides are widely expressed by mammalian cells. They mediate a large array of responses ranging from growth stimulation to apoptosis, from chemotaxis to cell differentiation and from nociception to cytokine release, as well as neurotransmission. Pharma industry is involved in the development and clinical testing of drugs selectively targeting the different P1 nucleoside and P2 nucleotide receptor subtypes. As described in detail in the present review, P2 receptors are expressed by all tumours, in some cases to a very high level. Activation or inhibition of selected P2 receptor subtypes brings about cancer cell death or growth inhibition. The field has been largely neglected by current research in oncology, yet the evidence presented in this review, most of which is based on in vitro studies, although with a limited amount from in vivo experiments and human studies, warrants further efforts to explore the therapeutic potential of purinoceptor targeting in cancer.
Collapse
|
33
|
MacLeod AS, Rudolph R, Corriden R, Ye I, Garijo O, Havran WL. Skin-resident T cells sense ultraviolet radiation-induced injury and contribute to DNA repair. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:5695-702. [PMID: 24808367 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1303297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skin-resident T cells have been shown to play important roles in tissue homeostasis and wound repair, but their role in UV radiation (UVR)-mediated skin injury and subsequent tissue regeneration is less clear. In this study, we demonstrate that acute UVR rapidly activates skin-resident T cells in humans and dendritic epidermal γδ T cells (DETCs) in mice through mechanisms involving the release of ATP from keratinocytes. Following UVR, extracellular ATP leads to an increase in CD69 expression, proliferation, and IL-17 production, and to changes in DETC morphology. Furthermore, we find that the purinergic receptor P2X7 and caspase-1 are necessary for UVR-induced IL-1 production in keratinocytes, which increases IL-17 secretion by DETCs. IL-17, in turn, induces epidermal TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis and growth arrest and DNA damage-associated gene 45, two molecules linked to the DNA repair response. Finally, we demonstrate that DETCs and human skin-resident T cells limit DNA damage in keratinocytes. Taken together, our findings establish a novel role for skin-resident T cells in the UVR-associated DNA repair response and underscore the importance of skin-resident T cells to overall skin regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S MacLeod
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Ross Rudolph
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037; Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Ross Corriden
- Division of Pharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ivan Ye
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Olivia Garijo
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Wendy L Havran
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Burnstock G. Purinergic signalling in the reproductive system in health and disease. Purinergic Signal 2014; 10:157-87. [PMID: 24271059 PMCID: PMC3944041 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-013-9399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are multiple roles for purinergic signalling in both male and female reproductive organs. ATP, released as a cotransmitter with noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves, contracts smooth muscle via P2X1 receptors in vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and uterus, as well as in blood vessels. Male infertility occurs in P2X1 receptor knockout mice. Both short- and long-term trophic purinergic signalling occurs in reproductive organs. Purinergic signalling is involved in hormone secretion, penile erection, sperm motility and capacitation, and mucous production. Changes in purinoceptor expression occur in pathophysiological conditions, including pre-eclampsia, cancer and pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, University College Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Purines were long thought to be restricted to the intracellular compartment, where they are used for energy transactions, nucleic acid synthesis, and a multiplicity of biochemical reactions. However, it is now clear that both adenosine and adenosine triphosphate are (i) abundant biochemical components of the tumor microenvironment, (ii) potent modulators of immune cell responses and cytokine release, and (iii) key players in host-tumor interaction. Moreover, both ATP and adenosine directly affect tumor cell growth. Adenosine is a powerful immunosuppressant (mainly acting at A2A receptors) and a modulator of cell growth (mainly acting at A3 receptors). ATP is a proinflammatory (acting at P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, and P2Y12, and at P2X4 and P2X7 receptors), an immunosuppressant (acting at P2Y11), and a growth-promoting agent (acting at P2Y1, P2Y2, and P2X7 receptors). This complex signaling network generates an array of inhibitory and stimulatory responses that affect immune cell function, tumor growth, and metastatic dissemination. Investigation of purinergic signaling has increased our understanding of the tumor microenvironment and opened new and exciting avenues for the development of novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wiley JS, Sluyter R, Gu BJ, Stokes L, Fuller SJ. The human P2X7 receptor and its role in innate immunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 78:321-32. [PMID: 21988719 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01780.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The human P2X7 receptor is a two-transmembrane ionotropic receptor which has a ubiquitous distribution and is most highly expressed on immune cells. In macrophages and similar myeloid cells primed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), activation of P2X7 by extracellular ATP opens a cation channel/pore allowing massive K+ efflux associated with processing and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. A variety of other downstream effects follows P2X7 activation over several minutes including shedding of certain surface molecules, membrane blebbing, microvesicle/exosome release and apoptosis of the cell. High concentrations of ATP (>100 µM) are required to activate P2X7 but it remains unclear where these levels exist, other than in inflammatory foci or confined spaces such as in bone. A variety of potent selective antagonists of P2X7 activation have recently become available, allowing clinical trials to be undertaken in inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders. Proteomic studies have shown that P2X7 exists as a large multiprotein complex which includes non-muscle myosin heavy chain and other elements of the cytoskeleton. In the absence of its ATP ligand and serum, P2X7 has an alternate function in the recognition and phagocytosis of non-opsonized foreign particles, including bacteria and apoptotic cells. The P2RX7 gene has many polymorphic variants and isoforms which increase or decrease function of the receptor. Genetic association studies have linked loss-of-function polymorphisms with reactivation of latent tuberculosis as well as symptomatic infection with certain other obligate intracellular pathogens. The many roles involving P2X7 suggest that this receptor is essential to fundamental aspects of the innate immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Wiley
- Ion Channels and Disease Section, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Burnstock G, Knight GE, Greig AV. Purinergic Signaling in Healthy and Diseased Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 132:526-46. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2011.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
38
|
|
39
|
Tafani M, Schito L, Pellegrini L, Villanova L, Marfe G, Anwar T, Rosa R, Indelicato M, Fini M, Pucci B, Russo MA. Hypoxia-increased RAGE and P2X7R expression regulates tumor cell invasion through phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and Akt and nuclear translocation of NF-{kappa}B. Carcinogenesis 2011; 32:1167-75. [PMID: 21642357 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgr101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of hypoxia in regulating tumor progression is still controversial. Here, we demonstrate that, similarly to what previously observed by us in human prostate and breast tumor samples, hypoxia increases expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and the purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7R). The role of hypoxia was shown by the fact that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α silencing downregulated RAGE and P2X7R protein levels as well as nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) expression. In contrast, NF-κB silencing reduced P2X7R expression without affecting RAGE protein levels or nuclear accumulation of HIF-1α. Treatment of hypoxic tumor cells with HMGB1 and BzATP ligands, respectively, of RAGE and P2X7R, activated a signaling pathway that, through Akt and Erk phosphorylation, determines nuclear accumulation of NF-κB and increases cell invasion. Inhibition of Akt by SH5 and Erk by INH1 prevented both nuclear translocation of NF-κB and cell invasion. Moreover, silencing RAGE and P2X7R abolished nuclear accumulation of NF-κB as well as cell invasion without affecting HIF-1α stabilization. Once in the nucleus, NF-κB would contribute to cell survival and invasion under hypoxia, by maintaining RAGE and P2X7R expression levels and matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 synthesis. These results show that, hypoxia can upregulate expression levels of membrane receptors that, by binding extracellular molecules eventually released by necrotic cells, contribute to the increased invasiveness of transformed tumor cells. Moreover, these observations strengthen our working hypothesis that upregulation of damage-associated molecular patterns receptors by HIF-1α represents the crucial event bridging hypoxia and inflammation in obtaining the malignant phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tafani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kawakubo T, Yasukochi A, Okamoto K, Okamoto Y, Nakamura S, Yamamoto K. The role of cathepsin E in terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. Biol Chem 2011; 392:571-85. [DOI: 10.1515/bc.2011.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cathepsin E (CatE) is predominantly expressed in the rapidly regenerating gastric mucosal cells and epidermal keratinocytes, in addition to the immune system cells. However, the role of CatE in these cells remains unclear. Here we report a crucial role of CatE in keratinocyte terminal differentiation. CatE deficiency in mice induces abnormal keratinocyte differentiation in the epidermis and hair follicle, characterized by the significant expansion of corium and the reduction of subcutaneous tissue and hair follicle. In a model of skin papillomas formed in three different genotypes of syngeneic mice, CatE deficiency results in significantly reduced expression and altered localization of the keratinocyte differentiation induced proteins, keratin 1 and loricrin. Involvement of CatE in the regulation of the expression of epidermal differentiation specific proteins was corroborated by in vitro studies with primary cultures of keratinocytes from the three different genotypes of mice. In wild-type keratinocytes after differentiation inducing stimuli, the CatE expression profile was compatible to those of the terminal differentiation marker genes tested. Overexpression of CatE in mice enhances the keratinocyte terminal differentiation process, whereas CatE deficiency results in delayed differentiation accompanying the reduced expression or the ectopic localization of the differentiation markers. Our findings suggest that in keratinocytes CatE is functionally linked to the expression of terminal differentiation markers, thereby regulating epidermis formation and homeostasis.
Collapse
|
41
|
Tran JNSN, Pupovac A, Taylor RM, Wiley JS, Byrne SN, Sluyter R. Murine epidermal Langerhans cells and keratinocytes express functional P2X7 receptors. Exp Dermatol 2011; 19:e151-7. [PMID: 20113349 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.01029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP via the activation of purinergic P2 receptors has an emerging role in cutaneous biology; however, the distribution of these receptors in mouse skin is poorly defined. This study investigated whether murine epidermal cell subpopulations express functional purinergic P2X(7) receptors. P2X(7) expression was examined by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining of epidermal cells from C57Bl/6 mice. P2X(7) function was evaluated by nucleotide-induced ethidium(+) uptake measurements in epidermal cells from C57Bl/6 mice, and from P2X(7) deficient mice and wild-type littermate controls. P2X(7) was detected in whole epidermal cell preparations, and specifically on Langerhans cells (LCs) and keratinocytes (KCs). ATP induced ethidium(+) uptake into LCs and KCs, with EC(50) values of 503 and 482 microm, respectively. BzATP, and to a lesser extent ATPgammaS and ADP, also induced ethidium(+) uptake; while UTP, alphabeta-meth-ATP and NAD were ineffective. ATP-induced ethidium(+) uptake was impaired by Na(+) and Mg(2+), and the P2X(7) antagonist, A-438079 and was absent in LCs and KCs from P2X(7) deficient mice. These results demonstrate that murine LCs and KCs express functional P2X(7), and support a role for this receptor in cutaneous biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy N S N Tran
- Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Vasileiou E, Montero RM, Turner CM, Vergoulas G. P2X(7) receptor at the heart of disease. Hippokratia 2010; 14:155-163. [PMID: 20981163 PMCID: PMC2943352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Purinergic signaling is a crucial component of disease whose pathophysiological basis is now well established. This review focuses on P2X(7), a unique bifunctional purinoreceptor that either opens a non selective cation channel or forms a large, cytolytic pore depending on agonist application and leading to membrane blebbing and to cell death either by necrosis or apoptosis.Activation of P2X(7) receptor has been shown to stimulate the release of multiple proinflammatory cytokines by activated macrophages, with the IL-1b to be the most extensively studied among them. These findings were verified by the use of knockout P2X(7) ((-/-)) mice.Update information coming from all fields of research implicate this receptor at the very heart of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, depression, Alzheimer disease, and to kidney damage, in renal fibrosis and experimental nephritis.Clinical studies are currently underway with the newly developed selective antagonists for P2X(7) receptor, the results of which are eagerly anticipated. These studies together with data from in-vivo experiments with the P2X(7) knockout mice and in-vitro experiments will shed light in this exciting area.
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Regulation of P2X(7) gene transcription. Purinergic Signal 2009; 5:409-26. [PMID: 19609728 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-009-9167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The pro-apoptotic P2X(7) receptor regulates growth of epithelial cells. The objectives of the study were to understand P2X(7) gene transcription; to identify the active promoter and the transcription initiation site (TpIS); and to begin understanding regulation of P2X(7) gene transcription. Experiments in vitro utilized normal and cancerous cultured human uterine cervical epithelial cells, and HEK293 cells overexpressing P2X(7)-luciferase reporters. Experiments in vivo used surgical specimen of normal and cancerous uterine cervix. Assays involved DNA, RNA, and protein techniques. (a) The P2X(7) TpIS was localized to adenine (+1) at nt 1683 of the human P2X(7) gene [GenBank Y12851]), with a TTAAA sequence at nt -32/-28 and an active promoter region within nt -158/+32. (b) P2X(7) transcription was found to be regulated by two enhancers located at nt + 222/+232 and +401/+573 regions downstream of the active P2X(7) promoter. (c) The putative enhancer regions formed four DNA-protein complexes. (d) P2X(7) transcription was found to be controlled by hypermethylated cytosines at cytosine-phosphodiester-guanosines (CpG) that cluster or co-localize with the enhancers' sites. (e) We identified nine CpGs as inhibitory cis elements, and three CpG sites that are hypermethylated in cultured cervical epithelial cells and in cervix epithelia in vivo. (f) In cancer cervical cells, the degree of hypermethylation of the CpG sites was greater than in the normal cervical cells. Expression of the P2X(7) receptor is controlled by hypermethylated CpGs that flank transcription enhancers located within a 547-nt region downstream of the promoter.
Collapse
|